Surgical stapler having current mirror-based motor control

Information

  • Patent Grant
  • 10076326
  • Patent Number
    10,076,326
  • Date Filed
    Wednesday, September 23, 2015
    9 years ago
  • Date Issued
    Tuesday, September 18, 2018
    6 years ago
Abstract
A surgical stapler. The surgical stapler includes a drive system, an electric motor, a battery and a control system. The electric motor is mechanically coupled to the drive system. The battery is electrically couplable to the electric motor. The control system is electrically connected to the electric motor and includes an H-bridge circuit and a current mirror circuit. The H-bridge circuit includes a plurality of switching devices. The current mirror circuit is electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit. The control system is configured to control a force applied to the drive system based on a current measured at a node of the current mirror circuit. The node is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit.
Description
BACKGROUND

The invention disclosed herein relates to surgical instruments and, in various embodiments, to surgical stapling and cutting instruments and staple cartridges for use therewith.


A stapling instrument can include a pair of cooperating elongate jaw members, wherein each jaw member can be adapted to be inserted into a patient and positioned relative to tissue that is to be stapled and/or incised. In various embodiments, one of the jaw members can support a staple cartridge with at least two laterally spaced rows of staples contained therein, and the other jaw member can support an anvil with staple-forming pockets aligned with the rows of staples in the staple cartridge. Generally, the stapling instrument can further include a pusher bar and a knife blade which are slidable relative to the jaw members to sequentially eject the staples from the staple cartridge via camming surfaces on the pusher bar and/or camming surfaces on a wedge sled that is pushed by the pusher bar. In at least one embodiment, the camming surfaces can be configured to activate a plurality of staple drivers carried by the cartridge and associated with the staples in order to push the staples against the anvil and form laterally spaced rows of deformed staples in the tissue gripped between the jaw members. In at least one embodiment, the knife blade can trail the camming surfaces and cut the tissue along a line between the staple rows.


The foregoing discussion is intended only to illustrate various aspects of the related art in the field of the invention at the time, and should not be taken as a disavowal of claim scope.





BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Various features of the embodiments described herein, together with advantages thereof, may be understood in accordance with the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings as follows:



FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a surgical instrument that has an interchangeable shaft assembly operably coupled thereto;



FIG. 2 is an exploded assembly view of the interchangeable shaft assembly and surgical instrument of FIG. 1;



FIG. 3 is another exploded assembly view showing portions of the interchangeable shaft assembly and surgical instrument of FIGS. 1 and 2;



FIG. 4 is an exploded assembly view of a portion of the surgical instrument of FIGS. 1-3;



FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional side view of a portion of the surgical instrument of FIG. 4 with the firing trigger in a fully actuated position;



FIG. 6 is another cross-sectional view of a portion of the surgical instrument of FIG. 5 with the firing trigger in an unactuated position;



FIG. 7 is an exploded assembly view of one form of an interchangeable shaft assembly;



FIG. 8 is another exploded assembly view of portions of the interchangeable shaft assembly of FIG. 7;



FIG. 9 is another exploded assembly view of portions of the interchangeable shaft assembly of FIGS. 7 and 8;



FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the interchangeable shaft assembly of FIGS. 7-9;



FIG. 11 is a perspective view of a portion of the shaft assembly of FIGS. 7-10 with the switch drum omitted for clarity;



FIG. 12 is another perspective view of the portion of the interchangeable shaft assembly of FIG. 11 with the switch drum mounted thereon;



FIG. 13 is a perspective view of a portion of the interchangeable shaft assembly of FIG. 11 operably coupled to a portion of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1 illustrated with the closure trigger thereof in an unactuated position;



FIG. 14 is a right side elevational view of the interchangeable shaft assembly and surgical instrument of FIG. 13;



FIG. 15 is a left side elevational view of the interchangeable shaft assembly and surgical instrument of FIGS. 13 and 14;



FIG. 16 is a perspective view of a portion of the interchangeable shaft assembly of FIG. 11 operably coupled to a portion of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1 illustrated with the closure trigger thereof in an actuated position and a firing trigger thereof in an unactuated position;



FIG. 17 is a right side elevational view of the interchangeable shaft assembly and surgical instrument of FIG. 16;



FIG. 18 is a left side elevational view of the interchangeable shaft assembly and surgical instrument of FIGS. 16 and 17;



FIG. 18A is a right side elevational view of the interchangeable shaft assembly of FIG. 11 operably coupled to a portion of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1 illustrated with the closure trigger thereof in an actuated position and the firing trigger thereof in an actuated position;



FIG. 19 is a schematic of a system for powering down an electrical connector of a surgical instrument handle when a shaft assembly is not coupled thereto;



FIG. 20 is an exploded view of one aspect of an end effector of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1;



FIGS. 21A-21B is a circuit diagram of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1 spanning two drawings sheets;



FIG. 22 illustrates one instance of a power assembly comprising a usage cycle circuit configured to generate a usage cycle count of the battery back;



FIG. 23 illustrates one aspect of a process for sequentially energizing a segmented circuit;



FIG. 24 illustrates one aspect of a power segment comprising a plurality of daisy chained power converters;



FIG. 25 illustrates one aspect of a segmented circuit configured to maximize power available for critical and/or power intense functions;



FIG. 26 illustrates one aspect of a power system comprising a plurality of daisy chained power converters configured to be sequentially energized;



FIG. 27 illustrates one aspect of a segmented circuit comprising an isolated control section;



FIG. 28, which is divided into FIGS. 28A and 28B, is a circuit diagram of the surgical instrument of FIG. 1;



FIG. 29 is a block diagram the surgical instrument of FIG. 1 illustrating interfaces between the handle assembly 14 and the power assembly and between the handle assembly 14 and the interchangeable shaft assembly;



FIG. 30 illustrates a simplified representation of various embodiments of a surgical stapler;



FIG. 31 illustrates a more detailed representation of the surgical stapler of FIG. 30 according to various embodiments;



FIG. 32 illustrates a more detailed representation of the surgical stapler of FIG. 30 according to various embodiments;



FIG. 33 illustrates a simplified representation of various embodiments of a surgical stapler; and



FIG. 34 illustrates a more detailed representation of the surgical stapler of FIG. 33 according to various embodiments.





Corresponding reference characters indicate corresponding parts throughout the several views. The exemplifications set out herein illustrate various embodiments of the invention, in one form, and such exemplifications are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention in any manner.


DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Applicant of the present application owns the following patent applications that were filed on Sep. 23, 2015 and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/862,415, entitled SURGICAL STAPLER HAVING DOWNSTREAM CURRENT-BASED MOTOR CONTROL; now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0079647;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/862,421, entitled SURGICAL STAPLER HAVING MOTOR CONTROL BASED ON A DRIVE SYSTEM COMPONENT; now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0079640;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/862,427, entitled SURGICAL STAPLER HAVING TEMPERATURE-BASED MOTOR CONTROL; now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0079641;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/862,434, entitled SURGICAL STAPLER HAVING MAGNETIC FIELD-BASED MOTOR CONTROL; now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0079642;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/862,439, entitled SURGICAL STAPLER HAVING FORCE-BASED MOTOR CONTROL; now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0079643; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/862,465, entitled SURGICAL STAPLER HAVING MOTOR CONTROL BASED ON AN ELECTRICAL PARAMETER RELATED TO A MOTOR CURRENT; now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017/0079644.


Applicant of the present application owns the following patent applications that were filed on Mar. 6, 2015 and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,746, entitled POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENT;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,765, entitled SYSTEM FOR DETECTING THE MIS-INSERTION OF A STAPLE CARTRIDGE INTO A SURGICAL STAPLER;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,780, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A LOCKABLE BATTERY HOUSING;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,795, entitled MULTIPLE LEVEL THRESHOLDS TO MODIFY OPERATION OF POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,799, entitled SIGNAL AND POWER COMMUNICATION SYSTEM POSITIONED ON A ROTATABLE SHAFT;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,817, entitled INTERACTIVE FEEDBACK SYSTEM FOR POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,831, entitled MONITORING SPEED CONTROL AND PRECISION INCREMENTING OF MOTOR FOR POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,832, entitled ADAPTIVE TISSUE COMPRESSION TECHNIQUES TO ADJUST CLOSURE RATES FOR MULTIPLE TISSUE TYPES;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,837, entitled SMART SENSORS WITH LOCAL SIGNAL PROCESSING;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,844, entitled CONTROL TECHNIQUES AND SUB-PROCESSOR CONTAINED WITHIN MODULAR SHAFT WITH SELECT CONTROL PROCESSING FROM HANDLE;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,859, entitled TIME DEPENDENT EVALUATION OF SENSOR DATA TO DETERMINE STABILITY, CREEP, AND VISCOELASTIC ELEMENTS OF MEASURES; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/640,935, entitled OVERLAID MULTI SENSOR RADIO FREQUENCY (RF) ELECTRODE SYSTEM TO MEASURE TISSUE COMPRESSION.


Applicant of the present application owns the following patent applications that were filed on Feb. 27, 2015, and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,526, entitled ADAPTABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HANDLE;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,541, entitled MODULAR STAPLING ASSEMBLY;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,542, entitled REINFORCED BATTERY FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,546, entitled SURGICAL APPARATUS CONFIGURED TO ASSESS WHETHER A PERFORMANCE PARAMETER OF THE SURGICAL APPARATUS IS WITHIN AN ACCEPTABLE PERFORMANCE BAND;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,548, entitled POWER ADAPTER FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,555, entitled SYSTEM FOR MONITORING WHETHER A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT NEEDS TO BE SERVICED;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,560, entitled SURGICAL CHARGING SYSTEM THAT CHARGES AND/OR CONDITIONS ONE OR MORE BATTERIES;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,562, entitled SURGICAL APPARATUS CONFIGURED TO TRACK AN END-OF-LIFE PARAMETER;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,566, entitled CHARGING SYSTEM THAT ENABLES EMERGENCY RESOLUTIONS FOR CHARGING A BATTERY; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/633,576, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM COMPRISING AN INSPECTION STATION.


Applicant of the present application owns the following patent applications that were filed on Dec. 18, 2014 and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/574,478, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEMS COMPRISING AN ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTOR AND MEANS FOR ADJUSTING THE FIRING STROKE OF A FIRING;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/574,483, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING LOCKABLE SYSTEMS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/574,493, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A FLEXIBLE ARTICULATION SYSTEM;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/574,500, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT ASSEMBLY COMPRISING A LOCKABLE ARTICULATION SYSTEM;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/575,117, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTORS AND MOVABLE FIRING BEAM SUPPORT ARRANGEMENTS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/575,130, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH AN ANVIL THAT IS SELECTIVELY MOVABLE ABOUT A DISCRETE NON-MOVABLE AXIS RELATIVE TO A STAPLE CARTRIDGE;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/575,139, entitled DRIVE ARRANGEMENTS FOR ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/575,143, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH IMPROVED CLOSURE ARRANGEMENTS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/575,148, entitled LOCKING ARRANGEMENTS FOR DETACHABLE SHAFT ASSEMBLIES WITH ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL END EFFECTORS; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/575,154, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTORS AND IMPROVED FIRING BEAM SUPPORT ARRANGEMENTS.


Applicant of the present application also owns the following patent applications that were filed on Sep. 5, 2014 and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/478,895, entitled MULTIPLE SENSORS WITH ONE SENSOR AFFECTING A SECOND SENSOR'S OUTPUT OR INTERPRETATION;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/478,908, entitled MONITORING DEVICE DEGRADATION BASED ON COMPONENT EVALUATION;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/479,098, entitled SMART CARTRIDGE WAKE UP OPERATION AND DATA RETENTION;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/479,103, entitled CIRCUITRY AND SENSORS FOR POWERED MEDICAL DEVICE;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/479,108, entitled LOCAL DISPLAY OF TISSUE PARAMETER STABILIZATION;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/479,110, entitled USE OF POLARITY OF HALL MAGNET DETECTION TO DETECT MISLOADED CARTRIDGE;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/479,115, entitled MULTIPLE MOTOR CONTROL FOR POWERED MEDICAL DEVICE; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/479,119, entitled ADJUNCT WITH INTEGRATED SENSORS TO QUANTIFY TISSUE COMPRESSION.


Applicant of the present application also owns the following patent applications that were filed on Apr. 9, 2014 and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,581, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A CLOSING DRIVE AND A FIRING DRIVE OPERATED FROM THE SAME ROTATABLE OUTPUT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0305989;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,584, entitled MODULAR MOTOR DRIVEN SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH ALIGNMENT FEATURES FOR ALIGNING ROTARY DRIVE SHAFTS WITH SURGICAL END EFFECTOR SHAFTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0305994;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,586, entitled DRIVE SYSTEM DECOUPLING ARRANGEMENT FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0305990;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,587, entitled POWERED SURGICAL STAPLER, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0309665;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,588, entitled POWERED LINEAR SURGICAL STAPLER, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0309666;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,590, entitled MOTOR DRIVEN SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH LOCKABLE DUAL DRIVE SHAFTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0305987;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,591, entitled TRANSMISSION ARRANGEMENT FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0305991;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,595, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SHAFT INCLUDING SWITCHES FOR CONTROLLING THE OPERATION OF THE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0305988; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/248,607, entitled MODULAR MOTOR DRIVEN SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH STATUS INDICATION ARRANGEMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0305992.


Applicant of the present application also owns the following patent applications that were filed on Mar. 26, 2014 and are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,071, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT CONTROL CIRCUIT HAVING A SAFETY PROCESSOR;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,075, entitled MODULAR POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH DETACHABLE SHAFT ASSEMBLIES;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,076, entitled POWER MANAGEMENT THROUGH SEGMENTED CIRCUIT AND VARIABLE VOLTAGE PROTECTION;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,081, entitled SYSTEMS AND METHODS FOR CONTROLLING A SEGMENTED CIRCUIT;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,093, entitled FEEDBACK ALGORITHMS FOR MANUAL BAILOUT SYSTEMS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,094, entitled VERIFICATION OF NUMBER OF BATTERY EXCHANGES/PROCEDURE COUNT;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,097, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING INTERACTIVE SYSTEMS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,099, entitled STERILIZATION VERIFICATION CIRCUIT;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,106, entitled POWER MANAGEMENT CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,111, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT SYSTEM;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,116, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT UTILIZING SENSOR ADAPTATION;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,117, entitled POWER MANAGEMENT THROUGH SLEEP OPTIONS OF SEGMENTED CIRCUIT AND WAKE UP CONTROL;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,125, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A ROTATABLE SHAFT;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,126, entitled INTERFACE SYSTEMS FOR USE WITH SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,133, entitled MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SYSTEM.


Applicant of the present application also owns the following patent application that was filed on Mar. 7, 2014 and is herein incorporated by reference in its entirety:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/200,111, entitled CONTROL SYSTEMS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263539.


Applicant of the present application also owns the following patent applications that were filed on Apr. 16, 2013 and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/812,365, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY A SINGLE MOTOR;


U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/812,372, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH MULTIPLE FUNCTIONS PERFORMED BY A SINGLE MOTOR;


U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/812,376, entitled LINEAR CUTTER WITH POWER;


U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/812,382, entitled LINEAR CUTTER WITH MOTOR AND PISTOL GRIP; and


U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/812,385, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HANDLE WITH MULTIPLE ACTUATION MOTORS AND MOTOR CONTROL.


Applicant of the present application also owns the following patent applications that were filed on Mar. 14, 2013 and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,053, entitled INTERCHANGEABLE SHAFT ASSEMBLIES FOR USE WITH A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263564;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,066, entitled DRIVE SYSTEM LOCKOUT ARRANGEMENTS FOR MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263565;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, entitled ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING AN ARTICULATION LOCK, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,097, entitled ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A FIRING DRIVE, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263542;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,117, entitled ARTICULATION CONTROL SYSTEM FOR ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263553;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,130, entitled DRIVE TRAIN CONTROL ARRANGEMENTS FOR MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263543;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,148, entitled MULTI-FUNCTION MOTOR FOR A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263554;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,159, entitled METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR OPERATING A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0277017;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,193, entitled CONTROL ARRANGEMENTS FOR A DRIVE MEMBER OF A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263537; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,210, entitled SENSOR ARRANGEMENTS FOR ABSOLUTE POSITIONING SYSTEM FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263538.


Applicant of the present application owns the following patent applications that were filed on Mar. 1, 2013 and which are each herein incorporated by reference in their respective entireties:


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,295, entitled ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH CONDUCTIVE PATHWAYS FOR SIGNAL COMMUNICATION, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246471;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,323, entitled ROTARY POWERED ARTICULATION JOINTS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246472;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,338, entitled THUMBWHEEL SWITCH ARRANGEMENTS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0249557;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,358, entitled JOYSTICK SWITCH ASSEMBLIES FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246477;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,375, entitled ROTARY POWERED SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH MULTIPLE DEGREES OF FREEDOM, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246473;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,460, entitled MULTIPLE PROCESSOR MOTOR CONTROL FOR MODULAR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246478;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,481, entitled SENSOR STRAIGHTENED END EFFECTOR DURING REMOVAL THROUGH TROCAR, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246479;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,499, entitled ELECTROMECHANICAL SURGICAL DEVICE WITH SIGNAL RELAY ARRANGEMENT, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246474;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,518, entitled CONTROL METHODS FOR SURGICAL INSTRUMENTS WITH REMOVABLE IMPLEMENT PORTIONS, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246475; and


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/782,536, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT SOFT STOP, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0246476.


Numerous specific details are set forth to provide a thorough understanding of the overall structure, function, manufacture, and use of the embodiments as described in the specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings. Well-known operations, components, and elements have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the embodiments described in the specification. The reader will understand that the embodiments described and illustrated herein are non-limiting examples, and thus it can be appreciated that the specific structural and functional details disclosed herein may be representative and illustrative. Variations and changes thereto may be made without departing from the scope of the claims.


The terms “comprise” (and any form of comprise, such as “comprises” and “comprising”), “have” (and any form of have, such as “has” and “having”), “include” (and any form of include, such as “includes” and “including”) and “contain” (and any form of contain, such as “contains” and “containing”) are open-ended linking verbs. As a result, a surgical system, device, or apparatus that “comprises,” “has,” “includes” or “contains” one or more elements possesses those one or more elements, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more elements. Likewise, an element of a system, device, or apparatus that “comprises,” “has,” “includes” or “contains” one or more features possesses those one or more features, but is not limited to possessing only those one or more features.


The terms “proximal” and “distal” are used herein with reference to a clinician manipulating the handle portion of the surgical instrument. The term “proximal” referring to the portion closest to the clinician and the term “distal” referring to the portion located away from the clinician. It will be further appreciated that, for convenience and clarity, spatial terms such as “vertical”, “horizontal”, “up”, and “down” may be used herein with respect to the drawings. However, surgical instruments are used in many orientations and positions, and these terms are not intended to be limiting and/or absolute.


Various exemplary devices and methods are provided for performing laparoscopic and minimally invasive surgical procedures. However, the reader will readily appreciate that the various methods and devices disclosed herein can be used in numerous surgical procedures and applications including, for example, in connection with open surgical procedures. As the present Detailed Description proceeds, the reader will further appreciate that the various instruments disclosed herein can be inserted into a body in any way, such as through a natural orifice, through an incision or puncture hole formed in tissue, etc. The working portions or end effector portions of the instruments can be inserted directly into a patient's body or can be inserted through an access device that has a working channel through which the end effector and elongated shaft of a surgical instrument can be advanced.


A surgical stapling system can comprise a shaft and an end effector extending from the shaft. The end effector comprises a first jaw and a second jaw. The first jaw comprises a staple cartridge. The staple cartridge is insertable into and removable from the first jaw; however, other embodiments are envisioned in which a staple cartridge is not removable from, or at least readily replaceable from, the first jaw. The second jaw comprises an anvil configured to deform staples ejected from the staple cartridge. The second jaw is pivotable relative to the first jaw about a closure axis; however, other embodiments are envisioned in which first jaw is pivotable relative to the second jaw. The surgical stapling system further comprises an articulation joint configured to permit the end effector to be rotated, or articulated, relative to the shaft. The end effector is rotatable about an articulation axis extending through the articulation joint. Other embodiments are envisioned which do not include an articulation joint.


The staple cartridge comprises a cartridge body. The cartridge body includes a proximal end, a distal end, and a deck extending between the proximal end and the distal end. In use, the staple cartridge is positioned on a first side of the tissue to be stapled and the anvil is positioned on a second side of the tissue. The anvil is moved toward the staple cartridge to compress and clamp the tissue against the deck. Thereafter, staples removably stored in the cartridge body can be deployed into the tissue. The cartridge body includes staple cavities defined therein wherein staples are removably stored in the staple cavities. The staple cavities are arranged in six longitudinal rows. Three rows of staple cavities are positioned on a first side of a longitudinal slot and three rows of staple cavities are positioned on a second side of the longitudinal slot. Other arrangements of staple cavities and staples may be possible.


The staples are supported by staple drivers in the cartridge body. The drivers are movable between a first, or unfired position, and a second, or fired, position to eject the staples from the staple cavities. The drivers are retained in the cartridge body by a retainer which extends around the bottom of the cartridge body and includes resilient members configured to grip the cartridge body and hold the retainer to the cartridge body. The drivers are movable between their unfired positions and their fired positions by a sled. The sled is movable between a proximal position adjacent the proximal end and a distal position adjacent the distal end. The sled comprises a plurality of ramped surfaces configured to slide under the drivers and lift the drivers, and the staples supported thereon, toward the anvil.


Further to the above, the sled is moved distally by a firing member. The firing member is configured to contact the sled and push the sled toward the distal end. The longitudinal slot defined in the cartridge body is configured to receive the firing member. The anvil also includes a slot configured to receive the firing member. The firing member further comprises a first cam which engages the first jaw and a second cam which engages the second jaw. As the firing member is advanced distally, the first cam and the second cam can control the distance, or tissue gap, between the deck of the staple cartridge and the anvil. The firing member also comprises a knife configured to incise the tissue captured intermediate the staple cartridge and the anvil. It is desirable for the knife to be positioned at least partially proximal to the ramped surfaces such that the staples are ejected ahead of the knife.



FIGS. 1-6 depict a motor-driven surgical cutting and fastening instrument 10 that may or may not be reused. In the illustrated examples, the instrument 10 includes a housing 12 that comprises a handle assembly 14 that is configured to be grasped, manipulated and actuated by the clinician. The housing 12 is configured for operable attachment to an interchangeable shaft assembly 200 that has a surgical end effector 300 operably coupled thereto that is configured to perform one or more surgical tasks or procedures. As the present Detailed Description proceeds, it will be understood that the various unique and novel arrangements of the various forms of interchangeable shaft assemblies disclosed herein also may be effectively employed in connection with robotically-controlled surgical systems. Thus, the term “housing” also may encompass a housing or similar portion of a robotic system that houses or otherwise operably supports at least one drive system that is configured to generate and apply at least one control motion which could be used to actuate the interchangeable shaft assemblies disclosed herein and their respective equivalents. The term “frame” may refer to a portion of a handheld surgical instrument. The term “frame” also may represent a portion of a robotically controlled surgical instrument and/or a portion of the robotic system that may be used to operably control a surgical instrument. For example, the interchangeable shaft assemblies disclosed herein may be employed with various robotic systems, instruments, components and methods disclosed in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/118,241, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,072,535. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/118,241, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,072,535, is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.


The housing 12 depicted in FIGS. 1-3 is shown in connection with an interchangeable shaft assembly 200 that includes an end effector 300 that comprises a surgical cutting and fastening device that is configured to operably support a surgical staple cartridge 304 therein. The housing 12 may be configured for use in connection with interchangeable shaft assemblies that include end effectors that are adapted to support different sizes and types of staple cartridges, have different shaft lengths, sizes, and types, etc. In addition, the housing 12 also may be effectively employed with a variety of other interchangeable shaft assemblies including those assemblies that are configured to apply other motions and forms of energy such as, for example, radio frequency (RF) energy, ultrasonic energy and/or motion to end effector arrangements adapted for use in connection with various surgical applications and procedures. Furthermore, the end effectors, shaft assemblies, handles, surgical instruments, and/or surgical instrument systems can utilize any suitable fastener, or fasteners, to fasten tissue. For instance, a fastener cartridge comprising a plurality of fasteners removably stored therein can be removably inserted into and/or attached to the end effector of a shaft assembly.



FIG. 1 illustrates the surgical instrument 10 with an interchangeable shaft assembly 200 operably coupled thereto. FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate attachment of the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 to the housing 12 or handle assembly 14. As shown in FIG. 4, the handle assembly 14 may comprise a pair of interconnectable handle housing segments 16 and 18 that may be interconnected by screws, snap features, adhesive, etc. In the illustrated arrangement, the handle housing segments 16, 18 cooperate to form a pistol grip portion 19 that can be gripped and manipulated by the clinician. As will be discussed in further detail below, the handle assembly 14 operably supports a plurality of drive systems therein that are configured to generate and apply various control motions to corresponding portions of the interchangeable shaft assembly that is operably attached thereto.


Referring now to FIG. 4, the handle assembly 14 may further include a frame 20 that operably supports a plurality of drive systems. For example, the frame 20 can operably support a “first” or closure drive system, generally designated as 30, which may be employed to apply closing and opening motions to the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 that is operably attached or coupled thereto. In at least one form, the closure drive system 30 may include an actuator in the form of a closure trigger 32 that is pivotally supported by the frame 20. More specifically, as illustrated in FIG. 4, the closure trigger 32 is pivotally coupled to the housing 14 by a pin 33. Such arrangement enables the closure trigger 32 to be manipulated by a clinician such that when the clinician grips the pistol grip portion 19 of the handle assembly 14, the closure trigger 32 may be easily pivoted from a starting or “unactuated” position to an “actuated” position and more particularly to a fully compressed or fully actuated position. The closure trigger 32 may be biased into the unactuated position by spring or other biasing arrangement (not shown). In various forms, the closure drive system 30 further includes a closure linkage assembly 34 that is pivotally coupled to the closure trigger 32. As shown in FIG. 4, the closure linkage assembly 34 may include a first closure link 36 and a second closure link 38 that are pivotally coupled to the closure trigger 32 by a pin 35. The second closure link 38 also may be referred to herein as an “attachment member” and include a transverse attachment pin 37.


Still referring to FIG. 4, it can be observed that the first closure link 36 may have a locking wall or end 39 thereon that is configured to cooperate with a closure release assembly 60 that is pivotally coupled to the frame 20. In at least one form, the closure release assembly 60 may comprise a release button assembly 62 that has a distally protruding locking pawl 64 formed thereon. The release button assembly 62 may be pivoted in a counterclockwise direction by a release spring (not shown). As the clinician depresses the closure trigger 32 from its unactuated position towards the pistol grip portion 19 of the handle assembly 14, the first closure link 36 pivots upward to a point wherein the locking pawl 64 drops into retaining engagement with the locking wall 39 on the first closure link 36 thereby preventing the closure trigger 32 from returning to the unactuated position. See FIG. 18. Thus, the closure release assembly 60 serves to lock the closure trigger 32 in the fully actuated position. When the clinician desires to unlock the closure trigger 32 to permit it to be biased to the unactuated position, the clinician simply pivots the closure release button assembly 62 such that the locking pawl 64 is moved out of engagement with the locking wall 39 on the first closure link 36. When the locking pawl 64 has been moved out of engagement with the first closure link 36, the closure trigger 32 may pivot back to the unactuated position. Other closure trigger locking and release arrangements also may be employed.


Further to the above, FIGS. 13-15 illustrate the closure trigger 32 in its unactuated position which is associated with an open, or unclamped, configuration of the shaft assembly 200 in which tissue can be positioned between the jaws of the shaft assembly 200. FIGS. 16-18 illustrate the closure trigger 32 in its actuated position which is associated with a closed, or clamped, configuration of the shaft assembly 200 in which tissue is clamped between the jaws of the shaft assembly 200. Upon comparing FIGS. 14 and 17, the reader will appreciate that, when the closure trigger 32 is moved from its unactuated position (FIG. 14) to its actuated position (FIG. 17), the closure release button 62 is pivoted between a first position (FIG. 14) and a second position (FIG. 17). The rotation of the closure release button 62 can be referred to as being an upward rotation; however, at least a portion of the closure release button 62 is being rotated toward the circuit board 100. Referring to FIG. 4, the closure release button 62 can include an arm 61 extending therefrom and a magnetic element 63, such as a permanent magnet, for example, mounted to the arm 61. When the closure release button 62 is rotated from its first position to its second position, the magnetic element 63 can move toward the circuit board 100. The circuit board 100 can include at least one sensor configured to detect the movement of the magnetic element 63. In at least one aspect, a magnetic field sensor 65, for example, can be mounted to the bottom surface of the circuit board 100. The magnetic field sensor 65 can be configured to detect changes in a magnetic field surrounding the magnetic field sensor 65 caused by the movement of the magnetic element 63. The magnetic field sensor 65 can be in signal communication with a microcontroller 1500 (FIG. 19), for example, which can determine whether the closure release button 62 is in its first position, which is associated with the unactuated position of the closure trigger 32 and the open configuration of the end effector, its second position, which is associated with the actuated position of the closure trigger 32 and the closed configuration of the end effector, and/or any position between the first position and the second position.


As used throughout the present disclosure, a magnetic field sensor may be a Hall effect sensor, search coil, fluxgate, optically pumped, nuclear precession, SQUID, Hall-effect, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance, magnetic tunnel junctions, giant magnetoimpedance, magnetostrictive/piezoelectric composites, magnetodiode, magnetotransistor, fiber optic, magnetooptic, and microelectromechanical systems-based magnetic sensors, among others.


In at least one form, the handle assembly 14 and the frame 20 may operably support another drive system referred to herein as a firing drive system 80 that is configured to apply firing motions to corresponding portions of the interchangeable shaft assembly attached thereto. The firing drive system may 80 also be referred to herein as a “second drive system”. The firing drive system 80 may employ an electric motor 82, located in the pistol grip portion 19 of the handle assembly 14. In various forms, the motor 82 may be a DC brushed driving motor having a maximum rotation of, approximately, 25,000 RPM, for example. In other arrangements, the motor 82 may include a brushless motor, a cordless motor, a synchronous motor, a stepper motor, or any other suitable electric motor. The motor 82 may be powered by a power source 90 that in one form may comprise a removable power pack 92. As shown in FIG. 4, for example, the power pack 92 may comprise a proximal housing portion 94 that is configured for attachment to a distal housing portion 96. The proximal housing portion 94 and the distal housing portion 96 are configured to operably support a plurality of batteries 98 therein. Batteries 98 may each comprise, for example, a Lithium Ion (“LI”) or other suitable battery. The distal housing portion 96 is configured for removable operable attachment to a control circuit board assembly 100 which is also operably coupled to the motor 82. A number of batteries 98 may be connected in series may be used as the power source for the surgical instrument 10. In addition, the power source 90 may be replaceable and/or rechargeable.


As outlined above with respect to other various forms, the electric motor 82 can include a rotatable shaft (not shown) that operably interfaces with a gear reducer assembly 84 that is mounted in meshing engagement with a with a set, or rack, of drive teeth 122 on a longitudinally-movable drive member 120. In use, a voltage polarity provided by the power source 90 can operate the electric motor 82 in a clockwise direction wherein the voltage polarity applied to the electric motor by the battery can be reversed in order to operate the electric motor 82 in a counter-clockwise direction. When the electric motor 82 is rotated in one direction, the drive member 120 will be axially driven in the distal direction “DD”. When the motor 82 is driven in the opposite rotary direction, the drive member 120 will be axially driven in a proximal direction “PD”. The handle assembly 14 can include a switch which can be configured to reverse the polarity applied to the electric motor 82 by the power source 90. As with the other forms described herein, the handle assembly 14 can also include a sensor that is configured to detect the position of the drive member 120 and/or the direction in which the drive member 120 is being moved.


Actuation of the motor 82 can be controlled by a firing trigger 130 that is pivotally supported on the handle assembly 14. The firing trigger 130 may be pivoted between an unactuated position and an actuated position. The firing trigger 130 may be biased into the unactuated position by a spring 132 or other biasing arrangement such that when the clinician releases the firing trigger 130, it may be pivoted or otherwise returned to the unactuated position by the spring 132 or biasing arrangement. In at least one form, the firing trigger 130 can be positioned “outboard” of the closure trigger 32 as was discussed above. In at least one form, a firing trigger safety button 134 may be pivotally mounted to the closure trigger 32 by pin 35. The safety button 134 may be positioned between the firing trigger 130 and the closure trigger 32 and have a pivot arm 136 protruding therefrom. See FIG. 4. When the closure trigger 32 is in the unactuated position, the safety button 134 is contained in the handle assembly 14 where the clinician cannot readily access it and move it between a safety position preventing actuation of the firing trigger 130 and a firing position wherein the firing trigger 130 may be fired. As the clinician depresses the closure trigger 32, the safety button 134 and the firing trigger 130 pivot down wherein they can then be manipulated by the clinician.


As discussed above, the handle assembly 14 can include a closure trigger 32 and a firing trigger 130. Referring to FIGS. 14-18A, the firing trigger 130 can be pivotably mounted to the closure trigger 32. The closure trigger 32 can include an arm 31 extending therefrom and the firing trigger 130 can be pivotably mounted to the arm 31 about a pivot pin 33. When the closure trigger 32 is moved from its unactuated position (FIG. 14) to its actuated position (FIG. 17), the firing trigger 130 can descend downwardly, as outlined above. After the safety button 134 has been moved to its firing position, referring primarily to FIG. 18A, the firing trigger 130 can be depressed to operate the motor of the surgical instrument firing system. In various instances, the handle assembly 14 can include a tracking system, such as system 800, for example, configured to determine the position of the closure trigger 32 and/or the position of the firing trigger 130. With primary reference to FIGS. 14, 17, and 18A, the tracking system 800 can include a magnetic element, such as permanent magnet 802, for example, which is mounted to an arm 801 extending from the firing trigger 130. The tracking system 800 can comprise one or more sensors, such as a first magnetic field sensor 803 and a second magnetic field sensor 804, for example, which can be configured to track the position of the magnet 802.


Upon comparing FIGS. 14 and 17, the reader will appreciate that, when the closure trigger 32 is moved from its unactuated position to its actuated position, the magnet 802 can move between a first position adjacent the first magnetic field sensor 803 and a second position adjacent the second magnetic field sensor 804.


Upon comparing FIGS. 17 and 18A, the reader will further appreciate that, when the firing trigger 130 is moved from an unfired position (FIG. 17) to a fired position (FIG. 18A), the magnet 802 can move relative to the second magnetic field sensor 804. The sensors 803 and 804 can track the movement of the magnet 802 and can be in signal communication with a microcontroller on the circuit board 100. With data from the first sensor 803 and/or the second sensor 804, the microcontroller can determine the position of the magnet 802 along a predefined path and, based on that position, the microcontroller can determine whether the closure trigger 32 is in its unactuated position, its actuated position, or a position therebetween. Similarly, with data from the first sensor 803 and/or the second sensor 804, the microcontroller can determine the position of the magnet 802 along a predefined path and, based on that position, the microcontroller can determine whether the firing trigger 130 is in its unfired position, its fully fired position, or a position therebetween.


As indicated above, in at least one form, the longitudinally movable drive member 120 has a rack of teeth 122 formed thereon for meshing engagement with a corresponding drive gear 86 of the gear reducer assembly 84. At least one form also includes a manually-actuatable “bailout” assembly 140 that is configured to enable the clinician to manually retract the longitudinally movable drive member 120 should the motor 82 become disabled. The bailout assembly 140 may include a lever or bailout handle assembly 142 that is configured to be manually pivoted into ratcheting engagement with teeth 124 also provided in the drive member 120. Thus, the clinician can manually retract the drive member 120 by using the bailout handle assembly 142 to ratchet the drive member 120 in the proximal direction “PD”. U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0089970, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,608,045, discloses bailout arrangements and other components, arrangements and systems that also may be employed with the various instruments disclosed herein. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/249,117, entitled POWERED SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING APPARATUS WITH MANUALLY RETRACTABLE FIRING SYSTEM, U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0089970, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,608,045, is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.


Turning now to FIGS. 1 and 7, the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 includes a surgical end effector 300 that comprises an elongated channel 302 that is configured to operably support a staple cartridge 304 therein. The end effector 300 may further include an anvil 306 that is pivotally supported relative to the elongated channel 302. The interchangeable shaft assembly 200 may further include an articulation joint 270 and an articulation lock 350 (FIG. 8) which can be configured to releasably hold the end effector 300 in a desired position relative to a shaft axis SA-SA. Details regarding the construction and operation of the end effector 300, the articulation joint 270 and the articulation lock 350 are set forth in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, filed Mar. 14, 2013, entitled ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING AN ARTICULATION LOCK, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541. The entire disclosure of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, filed Mar. 14, 2013, entitled ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING AN ARTICULATION LOCK, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541, is hereby incorporated by reference herein. As shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 can further include a proximal housing or nozzle 201 comprised of nozzle portions 202 and 203. The interchangeable shaft assembly 200 can further include a closure tube 260 which can be utilized to close and/or open the anvil 306 of the end effector 300. Primarily referring now to FIGS. 8 and 9, the shaft assembly 200 can include a spine 210 which can be configured to fixably support a shaft frame portion 212 of the articulation lock 350. See FIG. 8. The spine 210 can be configured to, one, slidably support a firing member 220 therein and, two, slidably support the closure tube 260 which extends around the spine 210. The spine 210 can also be configured to slidably support a proximal articulation driver 230. The articulation driver 230 has a distal end 231 that is configured to operably engage the articulation lock 350. The articulation lock 350 interfaces with an articulation frame 352 that is adapted to operably engage a drive pin (not shown) on the end effector frame (not shown). As indicated above, further details regarding the operation of the articulation lock 350 and the articulation frame may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541. In various circumstances, the spine 210 can comprise a proximal end 211 which is rotatably supported in a chassis 240. In one arrangement, for example, the proximal end 211 of the spine 210 has a thread 214 formed thereon for threaded attachment to a spine bearing 216 configured to be supported within the chassis 240. See FIG. 7. Such an arrangement facilitates rotatable attachment of the spine 210 to the chassis 240 such that the spine 210 may be selectively rotated about a shaft axis SA-SA relative to the chassis 240.


Referring primarily to FIG. 7, the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 includes a closure shuttle 250 that is slidably supported within the chassis 240 such that it may be axially moved relative thereto. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 7, the closure shuttle 250 includes a pair of proximally-protruding hooks 252 that are configured for attachment to the attachment pin 37 that is attached to the second closure link 38 as will be discussed in further detail below. A proximal end 261 of the closure tube 260 is coupled to the closure shuttle 250 for relative rotation thereto. For example, a U shaped connector 263 is inserted into an annular slot 262 in the proximal end 261 of the closure tube 260 and is retained within vertical slots 253 in the closure shuttle 250. See FIG. 7. Such an arrangement serves to attach the closure tube 260 to the closure shuttle 250 for axial travel therewith while enabling the closure tube 260 to rotate relative to the closure shuttle 250 about the shaft axis SA-SA. A closure spring 268 is journaled on the closure tube 260 and serves to bias the closure tube 260 in the proximal direction “PD” which can serve to pivot the closure trigger into the unactuated position when the shaft assembly is operably coupled to the handle assembly 14.


In at least one form, the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 may further include an articulation joint 270. Other interchangeable shaft assemblies, however, may not be capable of articulation. As shown in FIG. 7, for example, the articulation joint 270 includes a double pivot closure sleeve assembly 271. According to various forms, the double pivot closure sleeve assembly 271 includes an end effector closure sleeve assembly 272 having upper and lower distally projecting tangs 273, 274. An end effector closure sleeve assembly 272 includes a horseshoe aperture 275 and a tab 276 for engaging an opening tab on the anvil 306 in the various manners described in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, filed Mar. 14, 2013, entitled ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING AN ARTICULATION LOCK, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541, which has been incorporated by reference herein. As described in further detail therein, the horseshoe aperture 275 and tab 276 engage a tab on the anvil when the anvil 306 is opened. An upper double pivot link 277 includes upwardly projecting distal and proximal pivot pins that engage respectively an upper distal pin hole in the upper proximally projecting tang 273 and an upper proximal pin hole in an upper distally projecting tang 264 on the closure tube 260. A lower double pivot link 278 includes upwardly projecting distal and proximal pivot pins that engage respectively a lower distal pin hole in the lower proximally projecting tang 274 and a lower proximal pin hole in the lower distally projecting tang 265. See also FIG. 8.


In use, the closure tube 260 is translated distally (direction “DD”) to close the anvil 306, for example, in response to the actuation of the closure trigger 32. The anvil 306 is closed by distally translating the closure tube 260 and thus the shaft closure sleeve assembly 272, causing it to strike a proximal surface on the anvil 360 in the manner described in the aforementioned reference U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541. As was also described in detail in that reference, the anvil 306 is opened by proximally translating the closure tube 260 and the shaft closure sleeve assembly 272, causing tab 276 and the horseshoe aperture 275 to contact and push against the anvil tab to lift the anvil 306. In the anvil-open position, the shaft closure tube 260 is moved to its proximal position.


As indicated above, the surgical instrument 10 may further include an articulation lock 350 of the types and construction described in further detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541, which can be configured and operated to selectively lock the end effector 300 in position. Such arrangement enables the end effector 300 to be rotated, or articulated, relative to the shaft closure tube 260 when the articulation lock 350 is in its unlocked state. In such an unlocked state, the end effector 300 can be positioned and pushed against soft tissue and/or bone, for example, surrounding the surgical site within the patient in order to cause the end effector 300 to articulate relative to the closure tube 260. The end effector 300 also may be articulated relative to the closure tube 260 by an articulation driver 230.


As was also indicated above, the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 further includes a firing member 220 that is supported for axial travel within the shaft spine 210. The firing member 220 includes an intermediate firing shaft portion 222 that is configured for attachment to a distal cutting portion or knife bar 280. The firing member 220 also may be referred to herein as a “second shaft” and/or a “second shaft assembly”. As shown in FIGS. 8 and 9, the intermediate firing shaft portion 222 may include a longitudinal slot 223 in the distal end thereof which can be configured to receive a tab 284 on the proximal end 282 of the distal knife bar 280. The longitudinal slot 223 and the proximal end 282 can be sized and configured to permit relative movement therebetween and can comprise a slip joint 286. The slip joint 286 can permit the intermediate firing shaft portion 222 of the firing drive 220 to be moved to articulate the end effector 300 without moving, or at least substantially moving, the knife bar 280. Once the end effector 300 has been suitably oriented, the intermediate firing shaft portion 222 can be advanced distally until a proximal sidewall of the longitudinal slot 223 comes into contact with the tab 284 in order to advance the knife bar 280 and fire the staple cartridge positioned within the channel 302 As can be further seen in FIGS. 8 and 9, the shaft spine 210 has an elongate opening or window 213 therein to facilitate assembly and insertion of the intermediate firing shaft portion 222 into the shaft frame 210. Once the intermediate firing shaft portion 222 has been inserted therein, a top frame segment 215 may be engaged with the shaft frame 212 to enclose the intermediate firing shaft portion 222 and knife bar 280 therein. Further description of the operation of the firing member 220 may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541.


Further to the above, the shaft assembly 200 can include a clutch assembly 400 which can be configured to selectively and releasably couple the articulation driver 230 to the firing member 220. In one form, the clutch assembly 400 includes a lock collar, or sleeve 402, positioned around the firing member 220 wherein the lock sleeve 402 can be rotated between an engaged position in which the lock sleeve 402 couples the articulation driver 360 to the firing member 220 and a disengaged position in which the articulation driver 360 is not operably coupled to the firing member 200. When lock sleeve 402 is in its engaged position, distal movement of the firing member 220 can move the articulation driver 360 distally and, correspondingly, proximal movement of the firing member 220 can move the articulation driver 230 proximally. When lock sleeve 402 is in its disengaged position, movement of the firing member 220 is not transmitted to the articulation driver 230 and, as a result, the firing member 220 can move independently of the articulation driver 230. In various circumstances, the articulation driver 230 can be held in position by the articulation lock 350 when the articulation driver 230 is not being moved in the proximal or distal directions by the firing member 220.


Referring primarily to FIG. 9, the lock sleeve 402 can comprise a cylindrical, or an at least substantially cylindrical, body including a longitudinal aperture 403 defined therein configured to receive the firing member 220. The lock sleeve 402 can comprise diametrically-opposed, inwardly-facing lock protrusions 404 and an outwardly-facing lock member 406. The lock protrusions 404 can be configured to be selectively engaged with the firing member 220. More particularly, when the lock sleeve 402 is in its engaged position, the lock protrusions 404 are positioned within a drive notch 224 defined in the firing member 220 such that a distal pushing force and/or a proximal pulling force can be transmitted from the firing member 220 to the lock sleeve 402. When the lock sleeve 402 is in its engaged position, the second lock member 406 is received within a drive notch 232 defined in the articulation driver 230 such that the distal pushing force and/or the proximal pulling force applied to the lock sleeve 402 can be transmitted to the articulation driver 230. In effect, the firing member 220, the lock sleeve 402, and the articulation driver 230 will move together when the lock sleeve 402 is in its engaged position. On the other hand, when the lock sleeve 402 is in its disengaged position, the lock protrusions 404 may not be positioned within the drive notch 224 of the firing member 220 and, as a result, a distal pushing force and/or a proximal pulling force may not be transmitted from the firing member 220 to the lock sleeve 402. Correspondingly, the distal pushing force and/or the proximal pulling force may not be transmitted to the articulation driver 230. In such circumstances, the firing member 220 can be slid proximally and/or distally relative to the lock sleeve 402 and the proximal articulation driver 230.


As shown in FIGS. 8-12, the shaft assembly 200 further includes a switch drum 500 that is rotatably received on the closure tube 260. The switch drum 500 comprises a hollow shaft segment 502 that has a shaft boss 504 formed thereon for receive an outwardly protruding actuation pin 410 therein. In various circumstances, the actuation pin 410 extends through a slot 267 into a longitudinal slot 408 provided in the lock sleeve 402 to facilitate axial movement of the lock sleeve 402 when it is engaged with the articulation driver 230. A rotary torsion spring 420 is configured to engage the boss 504 on the switch drum 500 and a portion of the nozzle housing 203 as shown in FIG. 10 to apply a biasing force to the switch drum 500. The switch drum 500 can further comprise at least partially circumferential openings 506 defined therein which, referring to FIGS. 5 and 6, can be configured to receive circumferential mounts 204, 205 extending from the nozzle halves 202, 203 and permit relative rotation, but not translation, between the switch drum 500 and the proximal nozzle 201. As shown in those Figures, the mounts 204 and 205 also extend through openings 266 in the closure tube 260 to be seated in recesses 209 in the shaft spine 210. However, rotation of the nozzle 201 to a point where the mounts 204, 205 reach the end of their respective slots 506 in the switch drum 500 will result in rotation of the switch drum 500 about the shaft axis SA-SA. Rotation of the switch drum 500 will ultimately result in the rotation of the actuation pin 410 and the lock sleeve 402 between its engaged and disengaged positions. Thus, in essence, the nozzle 201 may be employed to operably engage and disengage the articulation drive system with the firing drive system in the various manners described in further detail in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541.


As also illustrated in FIGS. 8-12, the shaft assembly 200 can comprise a slip ring assembly 600 which can be configured to conduct electrical power to and/or from the end effector 300 and/or communicate signals to and/or from the end effector 300, for example. The slip ring assembly 600 can comprise a proximal connector flange 604 mounted to a chassis flange 242 extending from the chassis 240 and a distal connector flange 601 positioned within a slot defined in the shaft housings 202, 203. The proximal connector flange 604 can comprise a first face and the distal connector flange 601 can comprise a second face which is positioned adjacent to and movable relative to the first face. The distal connector flange 601 can rotate relative to the proximal connector flange 604 about the shaft axis SA-SA. The proximal connector flange 604 can comprise a plurality of concentric, or at least substantially concentric, conductors 602 defined in the first face thereof. A connector 607 can be mounted on the proximal side of the connector flange 601 and may have a plurality of contacts (not shown) wherein each contact corresponds to and is in electrical contact with one of the conductors 602. Such an arrangement permits relative rotation between the proximal connector flange 604 and the distal connector flange 601 while maintaining electrical contact therebetween. The proximal connector flange 604 can include an electrical connector 606 which can place the conductors 602 in signal communication with a shaft circuit board 610 mounted to the shaft chassis 240, for example. In at least one instance, a wiring harness comprising a plurality of conductors can extend between the electrical connector 606 and the shaft circuit board 610. The electrical connector 606 may extend proximally through a connector opening 243 defined in the chassis mounting flange 242. See FIG. 7. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/800,067, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263552, is incorporated by reference in its entirety. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/800,025, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263551, is incorporated by reference in its entirety. Further details regarding slip ring assembly 600 may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541.


As discussed above, the shaft assembly 200 can include a proximal portion which is fixably mounted to the handle assembly 14 and a distal portion which is rotatable about a longitudinal axis. The rotatable distal shaft portion can be rotated relative to the proximal portion about the slip ring assembly 600, as discussed above. The distal connector flange 601 of the slip ring assembly 600 can be positioned within the rotatable distal shaft portion. Moreover, further to the above, the switch drum 500 can also be positioned within the rotatable distal shaft portion. When the rotatable distal shaft portion is rotated, the distal connector flange 601 and the switch drum 500 can be rotated synchronously with one another. In addition, the switch drum 500 can be rotated between a first position and a second position relative to the distal connector flange 601. When the switch drum 500 is in its first position, the articulation drive system may be operably disengaged from the firing drive system and, thus, the operation of the firing drive system may not articulate the end effector 300 of the shaft assembly 200. When the switch drum 500 is in its second position, the articulation drive system may be operably engaged with the firing drive system and, thus, the operation of the firing drive system may articulate the end effector 300 of the shaft assembly 200. When the switch drum 500 is moved between its first position and its second position, the switch drum 500 is moved relative to distal connector flange 601. In various instances, the shaft assembly 200 can comprise at least one sensor configured to detect the position of the switch drum 500. Turning now to FIGS. 11 and 12, the distal connector flange 601 can comprise a magnetic field sensor 605, for example, and the switch drum 500 can comprise a magnetic element, such as permanent magnet 505, for example. The magnetic field sensor 605 can be configured to detect the position of the permanent magnet 505. When the switch drum 500 is rotated between its first position and its second position, the permanent magnet 505 can move relative to the magnetic field sensor 605. In various instances, magnetic field sensor 605 can detect changes in a magnetic field created when the permanent magnet 505 is moved. The magnetic field sensor 605 can be in signal communication with the shaft circuit board 610 and/or the handle circuit board 100, for example. Based on the signal from the magnetic field sensor 605, a microcontroller on the shaft circuit board 610 and/or the handle circuit board 100 can determine whether the articulation drive system is engaged with or disengaged from the firing drive system.


Referring again to FIGS. 3 and 7, the chassis 240 includes at least one, and preferably two, tapered attachment portions 244 formed thereon that are adapted to be received within corresponding dovetail slots 702 formed within a distal attachment flange portion 700 of the frame 20. Each dovetail slot 702 may be tapered or, stated another way, be somewhat V-shaped to seatingly receive the attachment portions 244 therein. As can be further seen in FIGS. 3 and 7, a shaft attachment lug 226 is formed on the proximal end of the intermediate firing shaft 222. As will be discussed in further detail below, when the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 is coupled to the handle assembly 14, the shaft attachment lug 226 is received in a firing shaft attachment cradle 126 formed in the distal end 125 of the longitudinal drive member 120 as shown in FIGS. 3 and 6, for example.


Various shaft assemblies employ a latch system 710 for removably coupling the shaft assembly 200 to the housing 12 and more specifically to the frame 20. As shown in FIG. 7, for example, in at least one form, the latch system 710 includes a lock member or lock yoke 712 that is movably coupled to the chassis 240. In the illustrated example, for example, the lock yoke 712 has a U-shape with two spaced downwardly extending legs 714. The legs 714 each have a pivot lug 715 formed thereon that are adapted to be received in corresponding holes 245 formed in the chassis 240. Such arrangement facilitates pivotal attachment of the lock yoke 712 to the chassis 240. The lock yoke 712 may include two proximally protruding lock lugs 716 that are configured for releasable engagement with corresponding lock detents or grooves 704 in the distal attachment flange 700 of the frame 20. See FIG. 3. In various forms, the lock yoke 712 is biased in the proximal direction by spring or biasing member (not shown). Actuation of the lock yoke 712 may be accomplished by a latch button 722 that is slidably mounted on a latch actuator assembly 720 that is mounted to the chassis 240. The latch button 722 may be biased in a proximal direction relative to the lock yoke 712. As will be discussed in further detail below, the lock yoke 712 may be moved to an unlocked position by biasing the latch button the in distal direction which also causes the lock yoke 712 to pivot out of retaining engagement with the distal attachment flange 700 of the frame 20. When the lock yoke 712 is in “retaining engagement” with the distal attachment flange 700 of the frame 20, the lock lugs 716 are retainingly seated within the corresponding lock detents or grooves 704 in the distal attachment flange 700.


When employing an interchangeable shaft assembly that includes an end effector of the type described herein that is adapted to cut and fasten tissue, as well as other types of end effectors, it may be desirable to prevent inadvertent detachment of the interchangeable shaft assembly from the housing during actuation of the end effector. For example, in use the clinician may actuate the closure trigger 32 to grasp and manipulate the target tissue into a desired position. Once the target tissue is positioned within the end effector 300 in a desired orientation, the clinician may then fully actuate the closure trigger 32 to close the anvil 306 and clamp the target tissue in position for cutting and stapling. In that instance, the first drive system 30 has been fully actuated. After the target tissue has been clamped in the end effector 300, it may be desirable to prevent the inadvertent detachment of the shaft assembly 200 from the housing 12. One form of the latch system 710 is configured to prevent such inadvertent detachment.


As can be most particularly seen in FIG. 7, the lock yoke 712 includes at least one and preferably two lock hooks 718 that are adapted to contact corresponding lock lug portions 256 that are formed on the closure shuttle 250. Referring to FIGS. 13-15, when the closure shuttle 250 is in an unactuated position (i.e., the first drive system 30 is unactuated and the anvil 306 is open), the lock yoke 712 may be pivoted in a distal direction to unlock the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 from the housing 12. When in that position, the lock hooks 718 do not contact the lock lug portions 256 on the closure shuttle 250. However, when the closure shuttle 250 is moved to an actuated position (i.e., the first drive system 30 is actuated and the anvil 306 is in the closed position), the lock yoke 712 is prevented from being pivoted to an unlocked position. See FIGS. 16-18. Stated another way, if the clinician were to attempt to pivot the lock yoke 712 to an unlocked position or, for example, the lock yoke 712 was in advertently bumped or contacted in a manner that might otherwise cause it to pivot distally, the lock hooks 718 on the lock yoke 712 will contact the lock lug portions 256 on the closure shuttle 250 and prevent movement of the lock yoke 712 to an unlocked position.


Attachment of the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 to the handle assembly 14 will now be described with reference to FIG. 3. To commence the coupling process, the clinician may position the chassis 240 of the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 above or adjacent to the distal attachment flange 700 of the frame 20 such that the tapered attachment portions 244 formed on the chassis 240 are aligned with the dovetail slots 702 in the frame 20. The clinician may then move the shaft assembly 200 along an installation axis IA that is perpendicular to the shaft axis SA-SA to seat the attachment portions 244 in “operable engagement” with the corresponding dovetail receiving slots 702. In doing so, the shaft attachment lug 226 on the intermediate firing shaft 222 will also be seated in the cradle 126 in the longitudinally movable drive member 120 and the portions of pin 37 on the second closure link 38 will be seated in the corresponding hooks 252 in the closure yoke 250. As used herein, the term “operable engagement” in the context of two components means that the two components are sufficiently engaged with each other so that upon application of an actuation motion thereto, the components may carry out their intended action, function and/or procedure.


As discussed above, at least five systems of the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 can be operably coupled with at least five corresponding systems of the handle assembly 14. A first system can comprise a frame system which couples and/or aligns the frame or spine of the shaft assembly 200 with the frame 20 of the handle assembly 14. Another system can comprise a closure drive system 30 which can operably connect the closure trigger 32 of the handle assembly 14 and the closure tube 260 and the anvil 306 of the shaft assembly 200. As outlined above, the closure tube attachment yoke 250 of the shaft assembly 200 can be engaged with the pin 37 on the second closure link 38. Another system can comprise the firing drive system 80 which can operably connect the firing trigger 130 of the handle assembly 14 with the intermediate firing shaft 222 of the shaft assembly 200.


As outlined above, the shaft attachment lug 226 can be operably connected with the cradle 126 of the longitudinal drive member 120. Another system can comprise an electrical system which can signal to a controller in the handle assembly 14, such as microcontroller, for example, that a shaft assembly, such as shaft assembly 200, for example, has been operably engaged with the handle assembly 14 and/or, two, conduct power and/or communication signals between the shaft assembly 200 and the handle assembly 14. For instance, the shaft assembly 200 can include an electrical connector 1410 that is operably mounted to the shaft circuit board 610. The electrical connector 1410 is configured for mating engagement with a corresponding electrical connector 1400 on the handle control board 100. Further details regaining the circuitry and control systems may be found in U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/803,086, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263541, the entire disclosure of which was previously incorporated by reference herein. The fifth system may consist of the latching system for releasably locking the shaft assembly 200 to the handle assembly 14.


Referring again to FIGS. 2 and 3, the handle assembly 14 can include an electrical connector 1400 comprising a plurality of electrical contacts. Turning now to FIG. 19, the electrical connector 1400 can comprise a first contact 1401a, a second contact 1401b, a third contact 1401c, a fourth contact 1401d, a fifth contact 1401e, and a sixth contact 1401f, for example. While the illustrated example utilizes six contacts, other examples are envisioned which may utilize more than six contacts or less than six contacts.


As illustrated in FIG. 19, the first contact 1401a can be in electrical communication with a transistor 1408, contacts 1401b-1401e can be in electrical communication with a microcontroller 1500, and the sixth contact 1401f can be in electrical communication with a ground. In certain circumstances, one or more of the electrical contacts 1401b-1401e may be in electrical communication with one or more output channels of the microcontroller 1500 and can be energized, or have a voltage potential applied thereto, when the handle assembly 14 is in a powered state. In some circumstances, one or more of the electrical contacts 1401b-1401e may be in electrical communication with one or more input channels of the microcontroller 1500 and, when the handle assembly 14 is in a powered state, the microcontroller 1500 can be configured to detect when a voltage potential is applied to such electrical contacts. When a shaft assembly, such as shaft assembly 200, for example, is assembled to the handle assembly 14, the electrical contacts 1401a-1401f may not communicate with each other. When a shaft assembly is not assembled to the handle assembly 14, however, the electrical contacts 1401a-1401f of the electrical connector 1400 may be exposed and, in some circumstances, one or more of the contacts 1401a-1401f may be accidentally placed in electrical communication with each other. Such circumstances can arise when one or more of the contacts 1401a-1401f come into contact with an electrically conductive material, for example. When this occurs, the microcontroller 1500 can receive an erroneous input and/or the shaft assembly 200 can receive an erroneous output, for example. To address this issue, in various circumstances, the handle assembly 14 may be unpowered when a shaft assembly, such as shaft assembly 200, for example, is not attached to the handle assembly 14.


In other circumstances, the handle assembly 14 can be powered when a shaft assembly, such as shaft assembly 200, for example, is not attached thereto. In such circumstances, the microcontroller 1500 can be configured to ignore inputs, or voltage potentials, applied to the contacts in electrical communication with the microcontroller 1500, i.e., contacts 1401b-1401e, for example, until a shaft assembly is attached to the handle assembly 14. Even though the microcontroller 1500 may be supplied with power to operate other functionalities of the handle assembly 14 in such circumstances, the handle assembly 14 may be in a powered-down state. In a way, the electrical connector 1400 may be in a powered-down state as voltage potentials applied to the electrical contacts 1401b-1401e may not affect the operation of the handle assembly 14. The reader will appreciate that, even though contacts 1401b-1401e may be in a powered-down state, the electrical contacts 1401a and 1401f, which are not in electrical communication with the microcontroller 1500, may or may not be in a powered-down state. For instance, sixth contact 1401f may remain in electrical communication with a ground regardless of whether the handle assembly 14 is in a powered-up or a powered-down state.


Furthermore, the transistor 1408, and/or any other suitable arrangement of transistors, such as transistor 1410, for example, and/or switches may be configured to control the supply of power from a power source 1404, such as a battery 90 within the handle assembly 14, for example, to the first electrical contact 1401a regardless of whether the handle assembly 14 is in a powered-up or a powered-down state. In various circumstances, the shaft assembly 200, for example, can be configured to change the state of the transistor 1408 when the shaft assembly 200 is engaged with the handle assembly 14. In certain circumstances, further to the below, a magnetic field sensor 1402 can be configured to switch the state of transistor 1410 which, as a result, can switch the state of transistor 1408 and ultimately supply power from power source 1404 to first contact 1401a. In this way, both the power circuits and the signal circuits to the connector 1400 can be powered down when a shaft assembly is not installed to the handle assembly 14 and powered up when a shaft assembly is installed to the handle assembly 14.


In various circumstances, referring again to FIG. 19, the handle assembly 14 can include the magnetic field sensor 1402, for example, which can be configured to detect a detectable element, such as a magnetic element 1407 (FIG. 3), for example, on a shaft assembly, such as shaft assembly 200, for example, when the shaft assembly is coupled to the handle assembly 14. The magnetic field sensor 1402 can be powered by a power source 1406, such as a battery, for example, which can, in effect, amplify the detection signal of the magnetic field sensor 1402 and communicate with an input channel of the microcontroller 1500 via the circuit illustrated in FIG. 19. Once the microcontroller 1500 has a received an input indicating that a shaft assembly has been at least partially coupled to the handle assembly 14, and that, as a result, the electrical contacts 1401a-1401f are no longer exposed, the microcontroller 1500 can enter into its normal, or powered-up, operating state. In such an operating state, the microcontroller 1500 will evaluate the signals transmitted to one or more of the contacts 1401b-1401e from the shaft assembly and/or transmit signals to the shaft assembly through one or more of the contacts 1401b-1401e in normal use thereof. In various circumstances, the shaft assembly 200 may have to be fully seated before the magnetic field sensor 1402 can detect the magnetic element 1407. While a magnetic field sensor 1402 can be utilized to detect the presence of the shaft assembly 200, any suitable system of sensors and/or switches can be utilized to detect whether a shaft assembly has been assembled to the handle assembly 14, for example. In this way, further to the above, both the power circuits and the signal circuits to the connector 1400 can be powered down when a shaft assembly is not installed to the handle assembly 14 and powered up when a shaft assembly is installed to the handle assembly 14.


In various examples, as may be used throughout the present disclosure, any suitable magnetic field sensor may be employed to detect whether a shaft assembly has been assembled to the handle assembly 14, for example. For example, the technologies used for magnetic field sensing include Hall effect sensor, search coil, fluxgate, optically pumped, nuclear precession, SQUID, Hall-effect, anisotropic magnetoresistance, giant magnetoresistance, magnetic tunnel junctions, giant magnetoimpedance, magnetostrictive/piezoelectric composites, magnetodiode, magnetotransistor, fiber optic, magnetooptic, and microelectromechanical systems-based magnetic sensors, among others.


Referring to FIG. 19, the microcontroller 1500 may generally comprise a microprocessor (“processor”) and one or more memory units operationally coupled to the processor. By executing instruction code stored in the memory, the processor may control various components of the surgical instrument, such as the motor, various drive systems, and/or a user display, for example. The microcontroller 1500 may be implemented using integrated and/or discrete hardware elements, software elements, and/or a combination of both. Examples of integrated hardware elements may include processors, microprocessors, microcontrollers, integrated circuits, application specific integrated circuits (ASIC), programmable logic devices (PLD), digital signal processors (DSP), field programmable gate arrays (FPGA), logic gates, registers, semiconductor devices, chips, microchips, chip sets, microcontrollers, system-on-chip (SoC), and/or system-in-package (SIP). Examples of discrete hardware elements may include circuits and/or circuit elements such as logic gates, field effect transistors, bipolar transistors, resistors, capacitors, inductors, and/or relays. In certain instances, the microcontroller 1500 may include a hybrid circuit comprising discrete and integrated circuit elements or components on one or more substrates, for example.


Referring to FIG. 19, the microcontroller 1500 may be an LM 4F230H5QR, available from Texas Instruments, for example. In certain instances, the Texas Instruments LM4F230H5QR is an ARM Cortex-M4F Processor Core comprising on-chip memory of 256 KB single-cycle flash memory, or other non-volatile memory, up to 40 MHz, a prefetch buffer to improve performance above 40 MHz, a 32 KB single-cycle serial random access memory (SRAM), internal read-only memory (ROM) loaded with StellarisWare® software, 2 KB electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), one or more pulse width modulation (PWM) modules, one or more quadrature encoder inputs (QEI) analog, one or more 12-bit Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) with 12 analog input channels, among other features that are readily available. Other microcontrollers may be readily substituted for use with the present disclosure. Accordingly, the present disclosure should not be limited in this context.


As discussed above, the handle assembly 14 and/or the shaft assembly 200 can include systems and configurations configured to prevent, or at least reduce the possibility of, the contacts of the handle electrical connector 1400 and/or the contacts of the shaft electrical connector 1410 from becoming shorted out when the shaft assembly 200 is not assembled, or completely assembled, to the handle assembly 14. Referring to FIG. 3, the handle electrical connector 1400 can be at least partially recessed within a cavity 1409 defined in the handle frame 20. The six contacts 1401a-1401f of the electrical connector 1400 can be completely recessed within the cavity 1409. Such arrangements can reduce the possibility of an object accidentally contacting one or more of the contacts 1401a-1401f. Similarly, the shaft electrical connector 1410 can be positioned within a recess defined in the shaft chassis 240 which can reduce the possibility of an object accidentally contacting one or more of the contacts 1411a-1411f of the shaft electrical connector 1410. With regard to the particular example depicted in FIG. 3, the shaft contacts 1411a-1411f can comprise male contacts. In at least one example, each shaft contact 1411a-1411f can comprise a flexible projection extending therefrom which can be configured to engage a corresponding handle contact 1401a-1401f, for example. The handle contacts 1401a-1401f can comprise female contacts. In at least one example, each handle contact 1401a-1401f can comprise a flat surface, for example, against which the male shaft contacts 1401a-1401f can wipe, or slide, against and maintain an electrically conductive interface therebetween. In various instances, the direction in which the shaft assembly 200 is assembled to the handle assembly 14 can be parallel to, or at least substantially parallel to, the handle contacts 1401a-1401f such that the shaft contacts 1411a-1411f slide against the handle contacts 1401a-1401f when the shaft assembly 200 is assembled to the handle assembly 14. In various alternative examples, the handle contacts 1401a-1401f can comprise male contacts and the shaft contacts 1411a-1411f can comprise female contacts. In certain alternative examples, the handle contacts 1401a-1401f and the shaft contacts 1411a-1411f can comprise any suitable arrangement of contacts.


In various instances, the handle assembly 14 can comprise a connector guard configured to at least partially cover the handle electrical connector 1400 and/or a connector guard configured to at least partially cover the shaft electrical connector 1410. A connector guard can prevent, or at least reduce the possibility of, an object accidentally touching the contacts of an electrical connector when the shaft assembly is not assembled to, or only partially assembled to, the handle. A connector guard can be movable. For instance, the connector guard can be moved between a guarded position in which it at least partially guards a connector and an unguarded position in which it does not guard, or at least guards less of, the connector. In at least one example, a connector guard can be displaced as the shaft assembly is being assembled to the handle. For instance, if the handle comprises a handle connector guard, the shaft assembly can contact and displace the handle connector guard as the shaft assembly is being assembled to the handle. Similarly, if the shaft assembly comprises a shaft connector guard, the handle can contact and displace the shaft connector guard as the shaft assembly is being assembled to the handle. In various instances, a connector guard can comprise a door, for example. In at least one instance, the door can comprise a beveled surface which, when contacted by the handle or shaft, can facilitate the displacement of the door in a certain direction. In various instances, the connector guard can be translated and/or rotated, for example. In certain instances, a connector guard can comprise at least one film which covers the contacts of an electrical connector. When the shaft assembly is assembled to the handle, the film can become ruptured. In at least one instance, the male contacts of a connector can penetrate the film before engaging the corresponding contacts positioned underneath the film.


As described above, the surgical instrument can include a system which can selectively power-up, or activate, the contacts of an electrical connector, such as the electrical connector 1400, for example. In various instances, the contacts can be transitioned between an unactivated condition and an activated condition. In certain instances, the contacts can be transitioned between a monitored condition, a deactivated condition, and an activated condition. For instance, the microcontroller 1500, for example, can monitor the contacts 1401a-1401f when a shaft assembly has not been assembled to the handle assembly 14 to determine whether one or more of the contacts 1401a-1401f may have been shorted. The microcontroller 1500 can be configured to apply a low voltage potential to each of the contacts 1401a-1401f and assess whether only a minimal resistance is present at each of the contacts. Such an operating state can comprise the monitored condition. In the event that the resistance detected at a contact is high, or above a threshold resistance, the microcontroller 1500 can deactivate that contact, more than one contact, or, alternatively, all of the contacts. Such an operating state can comprise the deactivated condition. If a shaft assembly is assembled to the handle assembly 14 and it is detected by the microcontroller 1500, as discussed above, the microcontroller 1500 can increase the voltage potential to the contacts 1401a-1401f. Such an operating state can comprise the activated condition.


The various shaft assemblies disclosed herein may employ sensors and various other components that require electrical communication with the controller in the housing. These shaft assemblies generally are configured to be able to rotate relative to the housing necessitating a connection that facilitates such electrical communication between two or more components that may rotate relative to each other. When employing end effectors of the types disclosed herein, the connector arrangements must be relatively robust in nature while also being somewhat compact to fit into the shaft assembly connector portion.


Referring to FIG. 20, a non-limiting form of the end effector 300 is illustrated. As described above, the end effector 300 may include the anvil 306 and the staple cartridge 304. In this non-limiting example, the anvil 306 is coupled to an elongate channel 198. For example, apertures 199 can be defined in the elongate channel 198 which can receive pins 152 extending from the anvil 306 and allow the anvil 306 to pivot from an open position to a closed position relative to the elongate channel 198 and staple cartridge 304. In addition, FIG. 20 shows a firing bar 172, configured to longitudinally translate into the end effector 300. The firing bar 172 may be constructed from one solid section, or in various examples, may include a laminate material comprising, for example, a stack of steel plates. A distally projecting end of the firing bar 172 can be attached to an E-beam 178 that can, among other things, assist in spacing the anvil 306 from a staple cartridge 304 positioned in the elongate channel 198 when the anvil 306 is in a closed position. The E-beam 178 can also include a sharpened cutting edge 182 which can be used to sever tissue as the E-beam 178 is advanced distally by the firing bar 172. In operation, the E-beam 178 can also actuate, or fire, the staple cartridge 304. The staple cartridge 304 can include a molded cartridge body 194 that holds a plurality of staples 191 resting upon staple drivers 192 within respective upwardly open staple cavities 195. A wedge sled 190 is driven distally by the E-beam 178, sliding upon a cartridge tray 196 that holds together the various components of the replaceable staple cartridge 304. The wedge sled 190 upwardly cams the staple drivers 192 to force out the staples 191 into deforming contact with the anvil 306 while a cutting surface 182 of the E-beam 178 severs clamped tissue.


Further to the above, the E-beam 178 can include upper pins 180 which engage the anvil 306 during firing. The E-beam 178 can further include middle pins 184 and a bottom foot 186 which can engage various portions of the cartridge body 194, cartridge tray 196 and elongate channel 198. When a staple cartridge 304 is positioned within the elongate channel 198, a slot 193 defined in the cartridge body 194 can be aligned with a slot 197 defined in the cartridge tray 196 and a slot 189 defined in the elongate channel 198. In use, the E-beam 178 can slide through the aligned slots 193, 197, and 189 wherein, as indicated in FIG. 20, the bottom foot 186 of the E-beam 178 can engage a groove running along the bottom surface of channel 198 along the length of slot 189, the middle pins 184 can engage the top surfaces of cartridge tray 196 along the length of longitudinal slot 197, and the upper pins 180 can engage the anvil 306. In such circumstances, the E-beam 178 can space, or limit the relative movement between, the anvil 306 and the staple cartridge 304 as the firing bar 172 is moved distally to fire the staples from the staple cartridge 304 and/or incise the tissue captured between the anvil 306 and the staple cartridge 304. Thereafter, the firing bar 172 and the E-beam 178 can be retracted proximally allowing the anvil 306 to be opened to release the two stapled and severed tissue portions (not shown).


Having described a surgical instrument 10 (FIGS. 1-4) in general terms, the description now turns to a detailed description of various electrical/electronic components of the surgical instrument 10. Turning now to FIGS. 21A-21B, where one example of a segmented circuit 2000 comprising a plurality of circuit segments 2002a-2002g is illustrated. The segmented circuit 2000 comprising the plurality of circuit segments 2002a-2002g is configured to control a powered surgical instrument, such as, for example, the surgical instrument 10 illustrated in FIGS. 1-18A, without limitation. The plurality of circuit segments 2002a-2002g is configured to control one or more operations of the powered surgical instrument 10. A safety processor segment 2002a (Segment 1) comprises a safety processor 2004. A primary processor segment 2002b (Segment 2) comprises a primary or main processor 2006. The safety processor 2004 and/or the primary processor 2006 are configured to interact with one or more additional circuit segments 2002c-2002g to control operation of the powered surgical instrument 10. The primary processor 2006 comprises a plurality of inputs coupled to, for example, one or more circuit segments 2002c-2002g, a battery 2008, and/or a plurality of switches 2056-2070. The segmented circuit 2000 may be implemented by any suitable circuit, such as, for example, a printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) within the powered surgical instrument 10. It should be understood that the term processor as used herein includes any microprocessor, microcontroller, or other basic computing device that incorporates the functions of a computer's central processing unit (CPU) on an integrated circuit or at most a few integrated circuits. The processor is a multipurpose, programmable device that accepts digital data as input, processes it according to instructions stored in its memory, and provides results as output. It is an example of sequential digital logic, as it has internal memory. Processors operate on numbers and symbols represented in the binary numeral system.


In one aspect, the main processor 2006 may be any single core or multicore processor such as those known under the trade name ARM Cortex by Texas Instruments. In one example, the safety processor 2004 may be a safety microcontroller platform comprising two microcontroller-based families such as TMS570 and RM4x known under the trade name Hercules ARM Cortex R4, also by Texas Instruments. Nevertheless, other suitable substitutes for microcontrollers and safety processor may be employed, without limitation. In one example, the safety processor 2004 may be configured specifically for IEC 61508 and ISO 26262 safety critical applications, among others, to provide advanced integrated safety features while delivering scalable performance, connectivity, and memory options.


In certain instances, the main processor 2006 may be an LM 4F230H5QR, available from Texas Instruments, for example. In at least one example, the Texas Instruments LM4F230H5QR is an ARM Cortex-M4F Processor Core comprising on-chip memory of 256 KB single-cycle flash memory, or other non-volatile memory, up to 40 MHz, a prefetch buffer to improve performance above 40 MHz, a 32 KB single-cycle SRAM, internal ROM loaded with StellarisWare® software, 2 KB EEPROM, one or more PWM modules, one or more QEI analog, one or more 12-bit ADC with 12 analog input channels, among other features that are readily available for the product datasheet. Other processors may be readily substituted and, accordingly, the present disclosure should not be limited in this context.


In one aspect, the segmented circuit 2000 comprises an acceleration segment 2002c (Segment 3). The acceleration segment 2002c comprises an acceleration sensor 2022. The acceleration sensor 2022 may comprise, for example, an accelerometer. The acceleration sensor 2022 is configured to detect movement or acceleration of the powered surgical instrument 10. In some examples, input from the acceleration sensor 2022 is used, for example, to transition to and from a sleep mode, identify an orientation of the powered surgical instrument, and/or identify when the surgical instrument has been dropped. In some examples, the acceleration segment 2002c is coupled to the safety processor 2004 and/or the primary processor 2006.


In some aspects, the segmented circuit 2000 comprises a display segment 2002d (Segment 4). According to various embodiments, the display segment 2002d comprises a display connector (not shown) which is coupled to the primary processor 2006, one or more display driver integrated circuits (not shown) which are coupled to the display connector, and a display 2028 which is coupled to the one or more display driver integrated circuits. The display connector and the one or more display driver integrated circuits are shown, for example, in FIG. 4B of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,076, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The display driver integrated circuits may be integrated with the display 2028 and/or may be located separately from the display 2028. The display 2028 may comprise any suitable display, such as, for example, an organic light-emitting diode (OLED) display, a liquid-crystal display (LCD), and/or any other suitable display. In some examples, the display segment 2002d is coupled to the safety processor 2004.


In some aspects, the segmented circuit 2000 comprises a shaft segment 2002e (Segment 5). The shaft segment 2002e comprises one or more controls for a shaft assembly (e.g., shaft assembly 200) coupled to the surgical instrument 10 and/or one or more controls for an end effector (e.g., end effector 300) coupled to the shaft 200. According to various embodiments, the shaft segment 2002e comprises a shaft connector 2030 and a shaft printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) 2031. The shaft connector 2030 is configured to couple the shaft PCBA 2031 to the primary processor 2006. According to various embodiments, the shaft PCBA 2031 comprises a first articulation switch (not shown), a second articulation switch (not shown), and a shaft PCBA EEPROM (not shown). In some examples, the shaft PCBA EEPROM comprises one or more parameters, routines, and/or programs specific to the shaft assembly 200 and/or the shaft PCBA 2031. The shaft PCBA 2031 may be coupled to the shaft assembly 200 and/or integral with the surgical instrument 10. In some examples, the shaft segment 2002e comprises a second shaft EEPROM (not shown). The second shaft EEPROM comprises a plurality of algorithms, routines, parameters, and/or other data corresponding to one or more shaft assemblies 200 and/or end effectors 300 which may be interfaced with the powered surgical instrument 10. The first articulation switch, the second articulation switch, and the shaft PCBA EEPROMs are shown, for example, in FIG. 4A of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,076, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. According to other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 21A, the shaft segment 2002e comprises the shaft PCBA 2031, a Hall effect sensor 2070 and the shaft connector 2025. The shaft PCBA 2031 comprises a low-power microprocessor 2090 with ferroelectric random access memory (FRAM) technology, a mechanical articulation switch 2092, a shaft release Hall effect switch 2094 and flash memory 2034. The Hall effect sensor 2070 is utilized to indicate engagement of the shaft assembly 200 and thus may be considered a shaft engaged switch.


In some aspects, the segmented circuit 2000 comprises a position encoder segment 2002f (Segment 6). The position encoder segment 2002f comprises one or more magnetic rotary position encoders 2040a-2040b. The one or more magnetic rotary position encoders 2040a-2040b are configured to identify the rotational position of a motor 2048, a shaft assembly 200, and/or an end effector 300 of the surgical instrument 10. In some examples, the magnetic rotary position encoders 2040a-2040b may be coupled to the safety processor 2004 and/or the primary processor 2006.


In some aspects, the segmented circuit 2000 comprises a motor segment 2002g (Segment 7). The motor segment 2002g comprises a motor 2048, such as, for example, a brushed DC motor, configured to control one or more movements of the powered surgical instrument 10. The motor 2048 is coupled to the primary processor 2006 through a motor controller 2043, a plurality of H-bridge drivers 2042 and a plurality of H-bridge field-effect transistors (not shown). According to various embodiments, the H-bridge field-effect transistors (FETs) are coupled to the safety processor 2004. The H-bridge FETs are shown, for example, in FIG. 4B of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,076, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. The motor controller 2043 controls a first motor flag 2074a and a second motor flag 2074b to indicate the status and position of the motor 2048 to the primary processor 2006. The primary processor 2006 provides a pulse-width modulation (PWM) high signal 2076a, a PWM low signal 2076b, a direction signal 2078, a synchronize signal 2080, and a motor reset signal 2082 to the motor controller 2043 through a buffer 2084. A motor current sensor 2046 is coupled in series with the motor 2048 to measure the current draw of the motor 2048. The motor current sensor 2046 is in signal communication with the primary processor 2006 and/or the safety processor 2004. In some examples, the motor 2048 is coupled to a motor electromagnetic interference (EMI) filter (not shown). The EMI filter is shown, for example, in FIG. 3B of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,076, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.


In some aspects, the segmented circuit 2000 comprises a power segment 2002h (Segment 8) configured to provide a segment voltage to each of the circuit segments 1102a-1102g. A battery 2008 is coupled to the safety processor 2004, the primary processor 2006, and one or more of the additional circuit segments 2002c-2002g. The battery 2008 is coupled to the segmented circuit 2000 by a battery connector 2010 and a current sensor 2012. The current sensor 2012 is configured to measure the total current draw of the segmented circuit 2000. In some examples, one or more voltage converters 2014a, 2014b, 2016 are configured to provide predetermined voltage values to one or more circuit segments 2002a-2002g. For example, in some examples, the segmented circuit 2000 may comprise 3.3V voltage converters 2014a-2014b and/or 5V voltage converters 2016. A boost converter 2018 is configured to provide a boost voltage up to a predetermined amount, such as, for example, up to 13V. The boost converter 2018 is configured to provide additional voltage and/or current during power intensive operations and prevent brownout or low-power conditions. A transistor switch (e.g., N-Channel MOSFET) 2015 is coupled to the power converters 2014B, 2016.


In some aspects, the safety segment 2002a comprises a motor power interrupt 2020. The motor power interrupt 2020 is coupled between the power segment 2002h and the motor segment 2002g. A transistor switch (e.g., N-Channel MOSFET) 2057 is coupled to the motor power interrupt 2020. The safety segment 2002a is configured to interrupt power to the motor segment 2002g when an error or fault condition is detected by the safety processor 2004 and/or the primary processor 2006 as discussed in more detail herein. Although the circuit segments 2002a-2002g are illustrated with all components of the circuit segments 2002a-2002h located in physical proximity, one skilled in the art will recognize that a circuit segment 2002a-2002h may comprise components physically and/or electrically separate from other components of the same circuit segment 2002a-2002g. In some examples, one or more components may be shared between two or more circuit segments 2002a-2002g.


In some aspects, a plurality of switches 2056-2070 are coupled to the safety processor 2004 and/or the primary processor 2006. The plurality of switches 2056-2070 may be configured to control one or more operations of the surgical instrument 10, control one or more operations of the segmented circuit 2000, and/or indicate a status of the surgical instrument 10. For example, a bail-out door switch 2056 is configured to indicate the status of a bail-out door. A plurality of articulation switches, such as, for example, a left side articulation left switch 2058a, a left side articulation right switch 2060a, a left side articulation center switch 2062a, a right side articulation left switch 2058b, a right side articulation right switch 2060b, and a right side articulation center switch 2062b are configured to control articulation of a shaft assembly 200 and/or an end effector 300. A left side reverse switch 2064a and a right side reverse switch 2064b are coupled to the primary processor 2006. In some examples, the left side switches comprising the left side articulation left switch 2058a, the left side articulation right switch 2060a, the left side articulation center switch 2062a, and the left side reverse switch 2064a are coupled to the primary processor 2006 by a left flex connector (not shown). The right side switches comprising the right side articulation left switch 2058b, the right side articulation right switch 2060b, the right side articulation center switch 2062b, and the right side reverse switch 2064b are coupled to the primary processor 2006 by a right flex connector (not shown). The left flex connector and the right flex connector are shown, for example, in FIG. 3A of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/226,076, the content of which is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. In some examples, a firing switch 2066, a clamp release switch 2068, and the Hall effect sensor/shaft engaged switch 2070 are coupled to the primary processor 2006.


In some aspects, the plurality of switches 2056-2070 may comprise, for example, a plurality of handle controls mounted to a handle of the surgical instrument 10, a plurality of indicator switches, and/or any combination thereof. In various examples, the plurality of switches 2056-2070 allow a surgeon to manipulate the surgical instrument, provide feedback to the segmented circuit 2000 regarding the position and/or operation of the surgical instrument, and/or indicate unsafe operation of the surgical instrument 10. In some examples, additional or fewer switches may be coupled to the segmented circuit 2000, one or more of the switches 2056-2070 may be combined into a single switch, and/or expanded to multiple switches. For example, in one example, one or more of the left side and/or right side articulation switches 2058a-2064b may be combined into a single multi-position switch.


In one aspect, the safety processor 2004 is configured to implement a watchdog function, among other safety operations. The safety processor 2004 and the primary processor 2006 of the segmented circuit 2000 are in signal communication. The primary processor 2006 is also coupled to a flash memory 2086. A microprocessor alive heartbeat signal is provided at output 2096. The acceleration segment 2002c comprises an accelerometer 2022 configured to monitor movement of the surgical instrument 10. In various examples, the accelerometer 2022 may be a single, double, or triple axis accelerometer. The accelerometer 2022 may be employed to measure proper acceleration that is not necessarily the coordinate acceleration (rate of change of velocity). Instead, the accelerometer sees the acceleration associated with the phenomenon of weight experienced by a test mass at rest in the frame of reference of the accelerometer 2022. For example, the accelerometer 2022 at rest on the surface of the earth will measure an acceleration g=9.8 m/s2 (gravity) straight upwards, due to its weight. Another type of acceleration that accelerometer 2022 can measure is g-force acceleration. In various other examples, the accelerometer 2022 may comprise a single, double, or triple axis accelerometer. Further, the acceleration segment 2002c may comprise one or more inertial sensors to detect and measure acceleration, tilt, shock, vibration, rotation, and multiple degrees-of-freedom (DoF). A suitable inertial sensor may comprise an accelerometer (single, double, or triple axis), a magnetometer to measure a magnetic field in space such as the earth's magnetic field, and/or a gyroscope to measure angular velocity.


In one aspect, the safety processor 2004 is configured to implement a watchdog function with respect to one or more circuit segments 2002c-2002h, such as, for example, the motor segment 2002g. In this regards, the safety processor 2004 employs the watchdog function to detect and recover from malfunctions of the primary processor 2006. During normal operation, the safety processor 2004 monitors for hardware faults or program errors of the primary processor 2006 and to initiate corrective action or actions. The corrective actions may include placing the primary processor 2006 in a safe state and restoring normal system operation. In one example, the safety processor 2004 is coupled to at least a first sensor. The first sensor measures a first property of the surgical instrument 10 (FIGS. 1-4). In some examples, the safety processor 2004 is configured to compare the measured property of the surgical instrument 10 to a predetermined value. For example, in one example, a motor sensor 2040a (e.g., a magnetic rotary position encoder) is coupled to the safety processor 2004. The motor sensor 2040a provides motor speed and position information to the safety processor 2004. The safety processor 2004 monitors the motor sensor 2040a and compares the value to a maximum speed and/or position value and prevents operation of the motor 2048 above the predetermined values. In some examples, the predetermined values are calculated based on real-time speed and/or position of the motor 2048, calculated from values supplied by a second motor sensor 2040b (e.g., a magnetic rotary position encoder) in communication with the primary processor 2006, and/or provided to the safety processor 2004 from, for example, a memory module coupled to the safety processor 2004.


In some aspects, a second sensor is coupled to the primary processor 2006. The second sensor is configured to measure the first physical property. The safety processor 2004 and the primary processor 2006 are configured to provide a signal indicative of the value of the first sensor and the second sensor respectively. When either the safety processor 2004 or the primary processor 2006 indicates a value outside of an acceptable range, the segmented circuit 2000 prevents operation of at least one of the circuit segments 2002c-2002h, such as, for example, the motor segment 2002g. For example, in the example illustrated in FIGS. 21A-21B, the safety processor 2004 is coupled to a first motor position sensor 2040a and the primary processor 2006 is coupled to a second motor position sensor 2040b. The motor position sensors 2040a, 2040b may comprise any suitable motor position sensor, such as, for example, a magnetic angle rotary input comprising a sine and cosine output. The motor position sensors 2040a, 2040b provide respective signals to the safety processor 2004 and the primary processor 2006 indicative of the position of the motor 2048.


The safety processor 2004 and the primary processor 2006 generate an activation signal when the values of the first motor sensor 2040a and the second motor sensor 2040b are within a predetermined range. When either the primary processor 2006 or the safety processor 2004 detect a value outside of the predetermined range, the activation signal is terminated and operation of at least one circuit segment 2002c-2002h, such as, for example, the motor segment 2002g, is interrupted and/or prevented. For example, in some examples, the activation signal from the primary processor 2006 and the activation signal from the safety processor 2004 are coupled to an AND gate 2059. The AND gate 2059 is coupled to a motor power switch 2020. The AND gate 2059 maintains the motor power switch 2020 in a closed, or on, position when the activation signal from both the safety processor 2004 and the primary processor 2006 are high, indicating a value of the motor sensors 2040a, 2040b within the predetermined range. When either of the motor sensors 2040a, 2040b detect a value outside of the predetermined range, the activation signal from that motor sensor 2040a, 2040b is set low, and the output of the AND gate 2059 is set low, opening the motor power switch 2020. In some examples, the value of the first sensor 2040a and the second sensor 2040b is compared, for example, by the safety processor 2004 and/or the primary processor 2006. When the values of the first sensor and the second sensor are different, the safety processor 2004 and/or the primary processor 2006 may prevent operation of the motor segment 2002g.


In some aspects, the safety processor 2004 receives a signal indicative of the value of the second sensor 2040b and compares the second sensor value to the first sensor value. For example, in one aspect, the safety processor 2004 is coupled directly to a first motor sensor 2040a. A second motor sensor 2040b is coupled to a primary processor 2006, which provides the second motor sensor 2040b value to the safety processor 2004, and/or coupled directly to the safety processor 2004. The safety processor 2004 compares the value of the first motor sensor 2040 to the value of the second motor sensor 2040b. When the safety processor 2004 detects a mismatch between the first motor sensor 2040a and the second motor sensor 2040b, the safety processor 2004 may interrupt operation of the motor segment 2002g, for example, by cutting power to the motor segment 2002g.


In some aspects, the safety processor 2004 and/or the primary processor 2006 is coupled to a first sensor 2040a configured to measure a first property of a surgical instrument and a second sensor 2040b configured to measure a second property of the surgical instrument. The first property and the second property comprise a predetermined relationship when the surgical instrument is operating normally. The safety processor 2004 monitors the first property and the second property. When a value of the first property and/or the second property inconsistent with the predetermined relationship is detected, a fault occurs. When a fault occurs, the safety processor 2004 takes at least one action, such as, for example, preventing operation of at least one of the circuit segments, executing a predetermined operation, and/or resetting the primary processor 2006. For example, the safety processor 2004 may open the motor power switch 2020 to cut power to the motor circuit segment 2002g when a fault is detected.


In one aspect, the safety processor 2004 is configured to execute an independent control algorithm. In operation, the safety processor 2004 monitors the segmented circuit 2000 and is configured to control and/or override signals from other circuit components, such as, for example, the primary processor 2006, independently. The safety processor 2004 may execute a preprogrammed algorithm and/or may be updated or programmed on the fly during operation based on one or more actions and/or positions of the surgical instrument 10. For example, in one example, the safety processor 2004 is reprogrammed with new parameters and/or safety algorithms each time a new shaft and/or end effector is coupled to the surgical instrument 10. In some examples, one or more safety values stored by the safety processor 2004 are duplicated by the primary processor 2006. Two-way error detection is performed to ensure values and/or parameters stored by either of the processors 2004, 2006 are correct.


In some aspects, the safety processor 2004 and the primary processor 2006 implement a redundant safety check. The safety processor 2004 and the primary processor 2006 provide periodic signals indicating normal operation. For example, during operation, the safety processor 2004 may indicate to the primary processor 2006 that the safety processor 2004 is executing code and operating normally. The primary processor 2006 may, likewise, indicate to the safety processor 2004 that the primary processor 2006 is executing code and operating normally. In some examples, communication between the safety processor 2004 and the primary processor 2006 occurs at a predetermined interval. The predetermined interval may be constant or may be variable based on the circuit state and/or operation of the surgical instrument 10.



FIG. 22 illustrates one example of a power assembly 2100 comprising a usage cycle circuit 2102 configured to monitor a usage cycle count of the power assembly 2100. The power assembly 2100 may be coupled to a surgical instrument 2110. The usage cycle circuit 2102 comprises a processor 2104 and a use indicator 2106. The use indicator 2106 is configured to provide a signal to the processor 2104 to indicate a use of the battery back 2100 and/or a surgical instrument 2110 coupled to the power assembly 2100. A “use” may comprise any suitable action, condition, and/or parameter such as, for example, changing a modular component of a surgical instrument 2110, deploying or firing a disposable component coupled to the surgical instrument 2110, delivering electrosurgical energy from the surgical instrument 2110, reconditioning the surgical instrument 2110 and/or the power assembly 2100, exchanging the power assembly 2100, recharging the power assembly 2100, and/or exceeding a safety limitation of the surgical instrument 2110 and/or the battery back 2100.


In some instances, a usage cycle, or use, is defined by one or more power assembly 2100 parameters. For example, in one instance, a usage cycle comprises using more than 5% of the total energy available from the power assembly 2100 when the power assembly 2100 is at a full charge level. In another instance, a usage cycle comprises a continuous energy drain from the power assembly 2100 exceeding a predetermined time limit. For example, a usage cycle may correspond to five minutes of continuous and/or total energy draw from the power assembly 2100. In some instances, the power assembly 2100 comprises a usage cycle circuit 2102 having a continuous power draw to maintain one or more components of the usage cycle circuit 2102, such as, for example, the use indicator 2106 and/or a counter 2108, in an active state.


The processor 2104 maintains a usage cycle count. The usage cycle count indicates the number of uses detected by the use indicator 2106 for the power assembly 2100 and/or the surgical instrument 2110. The processor 2104 may increment and/or decrement the usage cycle count based on input from the use indicator 2106. The usage cycle count is used to control one or more operations of the power assembly 2100 and/or the surgical instrument 2110. For example, in some instances, a power assembly 2100 is disabled when the usage cycle count exceeds a predetermined usage limit. Although the instances discussed herein are discussed with respect to incrementing the usage cycle count above a predetermined usage limit, those skilled in the art will recognize that the usage cycle count may start at a predetermined amount and may be decremented by the processor 2104. In this instance, the processor 2104 initiates and/or prevents one or more operations of the power assembly 2100 when the usage cycle count falls below a predetermined usage limit.


The usage cycle count is maintained by a counter 2108. The counter 2108 comprises any suitable circuit, such as, for example, a memory module, an analog counter, and/or any circuit configured to maintain a usage cycle count. In some instances, the counter 2108 is formed integrally with the processor 2104. In other instances, the counter 2108 comprises a separate component, such as, for example, a solid state memory module. In some instances, the usage cycle count is provided to a remote system, such as, for example, a central database. The usage cycle count is transmitted by a communications module 2112 to the remote system. The communications module 2112 is configured to use any suitable communications medium, such as, for example, wired and/or wireless communication. In some instances, the communications module 2112 is configured to receive one or more instructions from the remote system, such as, for example, a control signal when the usage cycle count exceeds the predetermined usage limit.


In some instances, the use indicator 2106 is configured to monitor the number of modular components used with a surgical instrument 2110 coupled to the power assembly 2100. A modular component may comprise, for example, a modular shaft, a modular end effector, and/or any other modular component. In some instances, the use indicator 2106 monitors the use of one or more disposable components, such as, for example, insertion and/or deployment of a staple cartridge within an end effector coupled to the surgical instrument 2110. The use indicator 2106 comprises one or more sensors for detecting the exchange of one or more modular and/or disposable components of the surgical instrument 2110.


In some instances, the use indicator 2106 is configured to monitor single patient surgical procedures performed while the power assembly 2100 is installed. For example, the use indicator 2106 may be configured to monitor firings of the surgical instrument 2110 while the power assembly 2100 is coupled to the surgical instrument 2110. A firing may correspond to deployment of a staple cartridge, application of electrosurgical energy, and/or any other suitable surgical event. The use indicator 2106 may comprise one or more circuits for measuring the number of firings while the power assembly 2100 is installed. The use indicator 2106 provides a signal to the processor 2104 when a single patient procedure is performed and the processor 2104 increments the usage cycle count.


In some instances, the use indicator 2106 comprises a circuit configured to monitor one or more parameters of the power source 2114, such as, for example, a current draw from the power source 2114. The one or more parameters of the power source 2114 correspond to one or more operations performable by the surgical instrument 2110, such as, for example, a cutting and sealing operation. The use indicator 2106 provides the one or more parameters to the processor 2104, which increments the usage cycle count when the one or more parameters indicate that a procedure has been performed.


In some instances, the use indicator 2106 comprises a timing circuit configured to increment a usage cycle count after a predetermined time period. The predetermined time period corresponds to a single patient procedure time, which is the time required for an operator to perform a procedure, such as, for example, a cutting and sealing procedure. When the power assembly 2100 is coupled to the surgical instrument 2110, the processor 2104 polls the use indicator 2106 to determine when the single patient procedure time has expired. When the predetermined time period has elapsed, the processor 2104 increments the usage cycle count. After incrementing the usage cycle count, the processor 2104 resets the timing circuit of the use indicator 2106.


In some instances, the use indicator 2106 comprises a time constant that approximates the single patient procedure time. In one example, the usage cycle circuit 2102 comprises a resistor-capacitor (RC) timing circuit 2506. The RC timing circuit comprises a time constant defined by a resistor-capacitor pair. The time constant is defined by the values of the resistor and the capacitor. In one example, the usage cycle circuit 2552 comprises a rechargeable battery and a clock. When the power assembly 2100 is installed in a surgical instrument, the rechargeable battery is charged by the power source. The rechargeable battery comprises enough power to run the clock for at least the single patient procedure time. The clock may comprise a real time clock, a processor configured to implement a time function, or any other suitable timing circuit.


Referring still to FIG. 22, in some instances, the use indicator 2106 comprises a sensor configured to monitor one or more environmental conditions experienced by the power assembly 2100. For example, the use indicator 2106 may comprise an accelerometer. The accelerometer is configured to monitor acceleration of the power assembly 2100. The power assembly 2100 comprises a maximum acceleration tolerance. Acceleration above a predetermined threshold indicates, for example, that the power assembly 2100 has been dropped. When the use indicator 2106 detects acceleration above the maximum acceleration tolerance, the processor 2104 increments a usage cycle count. In some instances, the use indicator 2106 comprises a moisture sensor. The moisture sensor is configured to indicate when the power assembly 2100 has been exposed to moisture. The moisture sensor may comprise, for example, an immersion sensor configured to indicate when the power assembly 2100 has been fully immersed in a cleaning fluid, a moisture sensor configured to indicate when moisture is in contact with the power assembly 2100 during use, and/or any other suitable moisture sensor.


In some instances, the use indicator 2106 comprises a chemical exposure sensor. The chemical exposure sensor is configured to indicate when the power assembly 2100 has come into contact with harmful and/or dangerous chemicals. For example, during a sterilization procedure, an inappropriate chemical may be used that leads to degradation of the power assembly 2100. The processor 2104 increments the usage cycle count when the use indicator 2106 detects an inappropriate chemical.


In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 is configured to monitor the number of reconditioning cycles experienced by the power assembly 2100. A reconditioning cycle may comprise, for example, a cleaning cycle, a sterilization cycle, a charging cycle, routine and/or preventative maintenance, and/or any other suitable reconditioning cycle. The use indicator 2106 is configured to detect a reconditioning cycle. For example, the use indicator 2106 may comprise a moisture sensor to detect a cleaning and/or sterilization cycle. In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 monitors the number of reconditioning cycles experienced by the power assembly 2100 and disables the power assembly 2100 after the number of reconditioning cycles exceeds a predetermined threshold.


The usage cycle circuit 2102 may be configured to monitor the number of power assembly 2100 exchanges. The usage cycle circuit 2102 increments the usage cycle count each time the power assembly 2100 is exchanged. When the maximum number of exchanges is exceeded the usage cycle circuit 2102 locks out the power assembly 2100 and/or the surgical instrument 2110. In some instances, when the power assembly 2100 is coupled the surgical instrument 2110, the usage cycle circuit 2102 identifies the serial number of the power assembly 2100 and locks the power assembly 2100 such that the power assembly 2100 is usable only with the surgical instrument 2110. In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 increments the usage cycle each time the power assembly 2100 is removed from and/or coupled to the surgical instrument 2110.


In some instances, the usage cycle count corresponds to sterilization of the power assembly 2100. The use indicator 2106 comprises a sensor configured to detect one or more parameters of a sterilization cycle, such as, for example, a temperature parameter, a chemical parameter, a moisture parameter, and/or any other suitable parameter. The processor 2104 increments the usage cycle count when a sterilization parameter is detected. The usage cycle circuit 2102 disables the power assembly 2100 after a predetermined number of sterilizations. In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 is reset during a sterilization cycle, a voltage sensor to detect a recharge cycle, and/or any suitable sensor. The processor 2104 increments the usage cycle count when a reconditioning cycle is detected. The usage cycle circuit 2102 is disabled when a sterilization cycle is detected. The usage cycle circuit 2102 is reactivated and/or reset when the power assembly 2100 is coupled to the surgical instrument 2110. In some instances, the use indicator comprises a zero power indicator. The zero power indicator changes state during a sterilization cycle and is checked by the processor 2104 when the power assembly 2100 is coupled to a surgical instrument 2110. When the zero power indicator indicates that a sterilization cycle has occurred, the processor 2104 increments the usage cycle count.


A counter 2108 maintains the usage cycle count. In some instances, the counter 2108 comprises a non-volatile memory module. The processor 2104 increments the usage cycle count stored in the non-volatile memory module each time a usage cycle is detected. The memory module may be accessed by the processor 2104 and/or a control circuit, such as, for example, the control circuit 2000. When the usage cycle count exceeds a predetermined threshold, the processor 2104 disables the power assembly 2100. In some instances, the usage cycle count is maintained by a plurality of circuit components. For example, in one instance, the counter 2108 comprises a resistor (or fuse) pack. After each use of the power assembly 2100, a resistor (or fuse) is burned to an open position, changing the resistance of the resistor pack. The power assembly 2100 and/or the surgical instrument 2110 reads the remaining resistance. When the last resistor of the resistor pack is burned out, the resistor pack has a predetermined resistance, such as, for example, an infinite resistance corresponding to an open circuit, which indicates that the power assembly 2100 has reached its usage limit. In some instances, the resistance of the resistor pack is used to derive the number of uses remaining.


In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 prevents further use of the power assembly 2100 and/or the surgical instrument 2110 when the usage cycle count exceeds a predetermined usage limit. In one instance, the usage cycle count associated with the power assembly 2100 is provided to an operator, for example, utilizing a screen formed integrally with the surgical instrument 2110. The surgical instrument 2110 provides an indication to the operator that the usage cycle count has exceeded a predetermined limit for the power assembly 2100, and prevents further operation of the surgical instrument 2110.


In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 is configured to physically prevent operation when the predetermined usage limit is reached. For example, the power assembly 2100 may comprise a shield configured to deploy over contacts of the power assembly 2100 when the usage cycle count exceeds the predetermined usage limit. The shield prevents recharge and use of the power assembly 2100 by covering the electrical connections of the power assembly 2100.


In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 is located at least partially within the surgical instrument 2110 and is configured to maintain a usage cycle count for the surgical instrument 2110. FIG. 22 illustrates one or more components of the usage cycle circuit 2102 within the surgical instrument 2110 in phantom, illustrating the alternative positioning of the usage cycle circuit 2102. When a predetermined usage limit of the surgical instrument 2110 is exceeded, the usage cycle circuit 2102 disables and/or prevents operation of the surgical instrument 2110. The usage cycle count is incremented by the usage cycle circuit 2102 when the use indicator 2106 detects a specific event and/or requirement, such as, for example, firing of the surgical instrument 2110, a predetermined time period corresponding to a single patient procedure time, based on one or more motor parameters of the surgical instrument 2110, in response to a system diagnostic indicating that one or more predetermined thresholds are met, and/or any other suitable requirement. As discussed above, in some instances, the use indicator 2106 comprises a timing circuit corresponding to a single patient procedure time. In other instances, the use indicator 2106 comprises one or more sensors configured to detect a specific event and/or condition of the surgical instrument 2110.


In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 is configured to prevent operation of the surgical instrument 2110 after the predetermined usage limit is reached. In some instances, the surgical instrument 2110 comprises a visible indicator to indicate when the predetermined usage limit has been reached and/or exceeded. For example, a flag, such as a red flag, may pop-up from the surgical instrument 2110, such as from the handle, to provide a visual indication to the operator that the surgical instrument 2110 has exceeded the predetermined usage limit. As another example, the usage cycle circuit 2102 may be coupled to a display formed integrally with the surgical instrument 2110. The usage cycle circuit 2102 displays a message indicating that the predetermined usage limit has been exceeded. The surgical instrument 2110 may provide an audible indication to the operator that the predetermined usage limit has been exceeded. For example, in one instance, the surgical instrument 2110 emits an audible tone when the predetermined usage limit is exceeded and the power assembly 2100 is removed from the surgical instrument 2110. The audible tone indicates the last use of the surgical instrument 2110 and indicates that the surgical instrument 2110 should be disposed or reconditioned.


In some instances, the usage cycle circuit 2102 is configured to transmit the usage cycle count of the surgical instrument 2110 to a remote location, such as, for example, a central database. The usage cycle circuit 2102 comprises a communications module 2112 configured to transmit the usage cycle count to the remote location. The communications module 2112 may utilize any suitable communications system, such as, for example, wired or wireless communications system. The remote location may comprise a central database configured to maintain usage information. In some instances, when the power assembly 2100 is coupled to the surgical instrument 2110, the power assembly 2100 records a serial number of the surgical instrument 2110. The serial number is transmitted to the central database, for example, when the power assembly 2100 is coupled to a charger. In some instances, the central database maintains a count corresponding to each use of the surgical instrument 2110. For example, a bar code associated with the surgical instrument 2110 may be scanned each time the surgical instrument 2110 is used. When the use count exceeds a predetermined usage limit, the central database provides a signal to the surgical instrument 2110 indicating that the surgical instrument 2110 should be discarded.


The surgical instrument 2110 may be configured to lock and/or prevent operation of the surgical instrument 2110 when the usage cycle count exceeds a predetermined usage limit. In some instances, the surgical instrument 2110 comprises a disposable instrument and is discarded after the usage cycle count exceeds the predetermined usage limit. In other instances, the surgical instrument 2110 comprises a reusable surgical instrument which may be reconditioned after the usage cycle count exceeds the predetermined usage limit. The surgical instrument 2110 initiates a reversible lockout after the predetermined usage limit is met. A technician reconditions the surgical instrument 2110 and releases the lockout, for example, utilizing a specialized technician key configured to reset the usage cycle circuit 2102.


In some aspects, the segmented circuit 2000 is configured for sequential start-up. An error check is performed by each circuit segment 2002a-2002g prior to energizing the next sequential circuit segment 2002a-2002g. FIG. 23 illustrates one example of a process for sequentially energizing a segmented circuit 2270, such as, for example, the segmented circuit 2000. When a battery 2008 is coupled to the segmented circuit 2000, the safety processor 2004 is energized 2272. The safety processor 2004 performs a self-error check 2274. When an error is detected 2276a, the safety processor stops energizing the segmented circuit 2000 and generates an error code 2278a. When no errors are detected 2276b, the safety processor 2004 initiates 2278b power-up of the primary processor 2006. The primary processor 2006 performs a self-error check. When no errors are detected, the primary processor 2006 begins sequential power-up of each of the remaining circuit segments 2278b. Each circuit segment is energized and error checked by the primary processor 2006. When no errors are detected, the next circuit segment is energized 2278b. When an error is detected, the safety processor 2004 and/or the primary process stops energizing the current segment and generates an error 2278a. The sequential start-up continues until all of the circuit segments 2002a-2002g have been energized.



FIG. 24 illustrates one aspect of a power segment 2302 comprising a plurality of daisy chained power converters 2314, 2316, 2318. The power segment 2302 comprises a battery 2308. The battery 2308 is configured to provide a source voltage, such as, for example, 12V. A current sensor 2312 is coupled to the battery 2308 to monitor the current draw of a segmented circuit and/or one or more circuit segments. The current sensor 2312 is coupled to an FET switch 2313. The battery 2308 is coupled to one or more voltage converters 2309, 2314, 2316. An always on converter 2309 provides a constant voltage to one or more circuit components, such as, for example, a motion sensor 2322. The always on converter 2309 comprises, for example, a 3.3V converter. The always on converter 2309 may provide a constant voltage to additional circuit components, such as, for example, a safety processor (not shown). The battery 2308 is coupled to a boost converter 2318. The boost converter 2318 is configured to provide a boosted voltage above the voltage provided by the battery 2308. For example, in the illustrated example, the battery 2308 provides a voltage of 12V. The boost converter 2318 is configured to boost the voltage to 13V. The boost converter 2318 is configured to maintain a minimum voltage during operation of a surgical instrument, for example, the surgical instrument 10 (FIGS. 1-4). Operation of a motor can result in the power provided to the primary processor 2306 dropping below a minimum threshold and creating a brownout or reset condition in the primary processor 2306. The boost converter 2318 ensures that sufficient power is available to the primary processor 2306 and/or other circuit components, such as the motor controller 2343, during operation of the surgical instrument 10. In some examples, the boost converter 2318 is coupled directly one or more circuit components, such as, for example, an OLED display 2388.


The boost converter 2318 is coupled to one or more step-down converters to provide voltages below the boosted voltage level. A first voltage converter 2316 is coupled to the boost converter 2318 and provides a first stepped-down voltage to one or more circuit components. In the illustrated example, the first voltage converter 2316 provides a voltage of 5V. The first voltage converter 2316 is coupled to a rotary position encoder 2340. A FET switch 2317 is coupled between the first voltage converter 2316 and the rotary position encoder 2340. The FET switch 2317 is controlled by the processor 2306. The processor 2306 opens the FET switch 2317 to deactivate the position encoder 2340, for example, during power intensive operations. The first voltage converter 2316 is coupled to a second voltage converter 2314 configured to provide a second stepped-down voltage. The second stepped-down voltage comprises, for example, 3.3V. The second voltage converter 2314 is coupled to a processor 2306. In some examples, the boost converter 2318, the first voltage converter 2316, and the second voltage converter 2314 are coupled in a daisy chain configuration. The daisy chain configuration allows the use of smaller, more efficient converters for generating voltage levels below the boosted voltage level. The examples, however, are not limited to the particular voltage range(s) described in the context of this specification.



FIG. 25 illustrates one aspect of a segmented circuit 2400 configured to maximize power available for critical and/or power intense functions. The segmented circuit 2400 comprises a battery 2408. The battery 2408 is configured to provide a source voltage such as, for example, 12V. The source voltage is provided to a plurality of voltage converters 2409, 2418. An always-on voltage converter 2409 provides a constant voltage to one or more circuit components, for example, a motion sensor 2422 and a safety processor 2404. The always-on voltage converter 2409 is directly coupled to the battery 2408. The always-on converter 2409 provides a voltage of 3.3V, for example. The examples, however, are not limited to the particular voltage range(s) described in the context of this specification.


The segmented circuit 2400 comprises a boost converter 2418. The boost converter 2418 provides a boosted voltage above the source voltage provided by the battery 2408, such as, for example, 13V. The boost converter 2418 provides a boosted voltage directly to one or more circuit components, such as, for example, an OLED display 2488 and a motor controller 2443. By coupling the OLED display 2488 directly to the boost converter 2418, the segmented circuit 2400 eliminates the need for a power converter dedicated to the OLED display 2488. The boost converter 2418 provides a boosted voltage to the motor controller 2443 and the motor 2448 during one or more power intensive operations of the motor 2448, such as, for example, a cutting operation. The boost converter 2418 is coupled to a step-down converter 2416. The step-down converter 2416 is configured to provide a voltage below the boosted voltage to one or more circuit components, such as, for example, 5V. The step-down converter 2416 is coupled to, for example, a FET switch 2451 and a position encoder 2440. The FET switch 2451 is coupled to the primary processor 2406. The primary processor 2406 opens the FET switch 2451 when transitioning the segmented circuit 2400 to sleep mode and/or during power intensive functions requiring additional voltage delivered to the motor 2448. Opening the FET switch 2451 deactivates the position encoder 2440 and eliminates the power draw of the position encoder 2440. The examples, however, are not limited to the particular voltage range(s) described in the context of this specification.


The step-down converter 2416 is coupled to a linear converter 2414. The linear converter 2414 is configured to provide a voltage of, for example, 3.3V. The linear converter 2414 is coupled to the primary processor 2406. The linear converter 2414 provides an operating voltage to the primary processor 2406. The linear converter 2414 may be coupled to one or more additional circuit components. The examples, however, are not limited to the particular voltage range(s) described in the context of this specification.


The segmented circuit 2400 comprises a bailout switch 2456. The bailout switch 2456 is coupled to a bailout door on the surgical instrument 10. The bailout switch 2456 and the safety processor 2404 are coupled to an AND gate 2419. The AND gate 2419 provides an input to a FET switch 2413. When the bailout switch 2456 detects a bailout condition, the bailout switch 2456 provides a bailout shutdown signal to the AND gate 2419. When the safety processor 2404 detects an unsafe condition, such as, for example, due to a sensor mismatch, the safety processor 2404 provides a shutdown signal to the AND gate 2419. In some examples, both the bailout shutdown signal and the shutdown signal are high during normal operation and are low when a bailout condition or an unsafe condition is detected. When the output of the AND gate 2419 is low, the FET switch 2413 is opened and operation of the motor 2448 is prevented. In some examples, the safety processor 2404 utilizes the shutdown signal to transition the motor 2448 to an off state in sleep mode. A third input to the FET switch 2413 is provided by a current sensor 2412 coupled to the battery 2408. The current sensor 2412 monitors the current drawn by the circuit 2400 and opens the FET switch 2413 to shut-off power to the motor 2448 when an electrical current above a predetermined threshold is detected. The FET switch 2413 and the motor controller 2443 are coupled to a bank of FET switches 2445 configured to control operation of the motor 2448.


A motor current sensor 2446 is coupled in series with the motor 2448 to provide a motor current sensor reading to a current monitor 2447. The current monitor 2447 is coupled to the primary processor 2406. The current monitor 2447 provides a signal indicative of the current draw of the motor 2448. The primary processor 2406 may utilize the signal from the motor current 2447 to control operation of the motor, for example, to ensure the current draw of the motor 2448 is within an acceptable range, to compare the current draw of the motor 2448 to one or more other parameters of the circuit 2400 such as, for example, the position encoder 2440, and/or to determine one or more parameters of a treatment site. In some examples, the current monitor 2447 may be coupled to the safety processor 2404.


In some aspects, actuation of one or more handle controls, such as, for example, a firing trigger, causes the primary processor 2406 to decrease power to one or more components while the handle control is actuated. For example, in one example, a firing trigger controls a firing stroke of a cutting member. The cutting member is driven by the motor 2448. Actuation of the firing trigger results in forward operation of the motor 2448 and advancement of the cutting member. During firing, the primary processor 2406 opens the FET switch 2451 to remove power from the position encoder 2440. The deactivation of one or more circuit components allows higher power to be delivered to the motor 2448. When the firing trigger is released, full power is restored to the deactivated components, for example, by closing the FET switch 2451 and reactivating the position encoder 2440.


In some aspects, the safety processor 2404 controls operation of the segmented circuit 2400. For example, the safety processor 2404 may initiate a sequential power-up of the segmented circuit 2400, transition of the segmented circuit 2400 to and from sleep mode, and/or may override one or more control signals from the primary processor 2406. For example, in the illustrated example, the safety processor 2404 is coupled to the step-down converter 2416. The safety processor 2404 controls operation of the segmented circuit 2400 by activating or deactivating the step-down converter 2416 to provide power to the remainder of the segmented circuit 2400.



FIG. 26 illustrates one aspect of a power system 2500 comprising a plurality of daisy chained power converters 2514, 2516, 2518 configured to be sequentially energized. The plurality of daisy chained power converters 2514, 2516, 2518 may be sequentially activated by, for example, a safety processor during initial power-up and/or transition from sleep mode. The safety processor may be powered by an independent power converter (not shown). For example, in one example, when a battery voltage VBATT is coupled to the power system 2500 and/or an accelerometer detects movement in sleep mode, the safety processor initiates a sequential start-up of the daisy chained power converters 2514, 2516, 2518. The safety processor activates the 13V boost section 2518. The boost section 2518 is energized and performs a self-check. In some examples, the boost section 2518 comprises an integrated circuit 2520 configured to boost the source voltage and to perform a self check. A diode D prevents power-up of a 5V supply section 2516 until the boost section 2518 has completed a self-check and provided a signal to the diode D indicating that the boost section 2518 did not identify any errors. In some examples, this signal is provided by the safety processor. The examples, however, are not limited to the particular voltage range(s) described in the context of this specification.


The 5V supply section 2516 is sequentially powered-up after the boost section 2518. The 5V supply section 2516 performs a self-check during power-up to identify any errors in the 5V supply section 2516. The 5V supply section 2516 comprises an integrated circuit 2515 configured to provide a step-down voltage from the boost voltage and to perform an error check. When no errors are detected, the 5V supply section 2516 completes sequential power-up and provides an activation signal to the 3.3V supply section 2514. In some examples, the safety processor provides an activation signal to the 3.3V supply section 2514. The 3.3V supply section comprises an integrated circuit 2513 configured to provide a step-down voltage from the 5V supply section 2516 and perform a self-error check during power-up. When no errors are detected during the self-check, the 3.3V supply section 2514 provides power to the primary processor. The primary processor is configured to sequentially energize each of the remaining circuit segments. By sequentially energizing the power system 2500 and/or the remainder of a segmented circuit, the power system 2500 reduces error risks, allows for stabilization of voltage levels before loads are applied, and prevents large current draws from all hardware being turned on simultaneously in an uncontrolled manner. The examples, however, are not limited to the particular voltage range(s) described in the context of this specification.


In one aspect, the power system 2500 comprises an over voltage identification and mitigation circuit. The over voltage identification and mitigation circuit is configured to detect a monopolar return current in the surgical instrument and interrupt power from the power segment when the monopolar return current is detected. The over voltage identification and mitigation circuit is configured to identify ground floatation of the power system. The over voltage identification and mitigation circuit comprises a metal oxide varistor. The over voltage identification and mitigation circuit comprises at least one transient voltage suppression diode.



FIG. 27 illustrates one aspect of a segmented circuit 2600 comprising an isolated control section 2602. The isolated control section 2602 isolates control hardware of the segmented circuit 2600 from a power section (not shown) of the segmented circuit 2600. The control section 2602 comprises, for example, a primary processor 2606, a safety processor (not shown), and/or additional control hardware, for example, a FET Switch 2617. The power section comprises, for example, a motor, a motor driver, and/or a plurality of motor MOSFETS. The isolated control section 2602 comprises a charging circuit 2603 and a rechargeable battery 2608 coupled to a 5V power converter 2616. The charging circuit 2603 and the rechargeable battery 2608 isolate the primary processor 2606 from the power section. In some examples, the rechargeable battery 2608 is coupled to a safety processor and any additional support hardware. Isolating the control section 2602 from the power section allows the control section 2602, for example, the primary processor 2606, to remain active even when main power is removed, provides a filter, through the rechargeable battery 2608, to keep noise out of the control section 2602, isolates the control section 2602 from heavy swings in the battery voltage to ensure proper operation even during heavy motor loads, and/or allows for real-time operating system (RTOS) to be used by the segmented circuit 2600. In some examples, the rechargeable battery 2608 provides a stepped-down voltage to the primary processor, such as, for example, 3.3V. The examples, however, are not limited to the particular voltage range(s) described in the context of this specification.



FIGS. 28A and 28B illustrate another aspect of a control circuit 3000 configured to control the powered surgical instrument 10, illustrated in FIGS. 1-18A. As shown in FIGS. 18A, 28B, the handle assembly 14 may include a motor 3014 which can be controlled by a motor driver 3015 and can be employed by the firing system of the surgical instrument 10. In various forms, the motor 3014 may be a DC brushed driving motor having a maximum rotation of, approximately, 25,000 RPM, for example. In other arrangements, the motor 3014 may include a brushless motor, a cordless motor, a synchronous motor, a stepper motor, or any other suitable electric motor. In certain circumstances, the motor driver 3015 may comprise an H-Bridge FETs 3019, as illustrated in FIG. 28B, for example. The motor 3014 can be powered by a power assembly 3006, which can be releasably mounted to the handle assembly 14. The power assembly 3006 is configured to supply control power to the surgical instrument 10. The power assembly 3006 may comprise a battery which may include a number of battery cells connected in series that can be used as the power source to power the surgical instrument 10. In such configuration, the power assembly 3006 may be referred to as a battery pack. In certain circumstances, the battery cells of the power assembly 3006 may be replaceable and/or rechargeable. In at least one example, the battery cells can be Lithium-Ion batteries which can be separably couplable to the power assembly 3006.


Examples of drive systems and closure systems that are suitable for use with the surgical instrument 10 are disclosed in U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 61/782,866, entitled CONTROL SYSTEM OF A SURGICAL INSTRUMENT, and filed Mar. 14, 2013, the entire disclosure of which is incorporated by reference herein in its entirety. For example, the electric motor 3014 can include a rotatable shaft (not shown) that may operably interface with a gear reducer assembly that can be mounted in meshing engagement with a set, or rack, of drive teeth on a longitudinally-movable drive member. In use, a voltage polarity provided by the battery can operate the electric motor 3014 to drive the longitudinally-movable drive member to effectuate the end effector 300. For example, the motor 3014 can be configured to drive the longitudinally-movable drive member to advance a firing mechanism to fire staples into tissue captured by the end effector 300 from a staple cartridge assembled with the end effector 300 and/or advance a cutting member to cut tissue captured by the end effector 300, for example.


As illustrated in FIGS. 28A and 28B and as described below in greater detail, the power assembly 3006 may include a power management controller 3016 which can be configured to modulate the power output of the power assembly 3006 to deliver a first power output to power the motor 3014 to advance the cutting member while the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 is coupled to the handle assembly 14 and to deliver a second power output to power the motor 3014 to advance the cutting member while the interchangeable shaft assembly 200 is coupled to the handle assembly 14, for example. Such modulation can be beneficial in avoiding transmission of excessive power to the motor 3014 beyond the requirements of an interchangeable shaft assembly that is coupled to the handle assembly 14.


The shaft assembly 200 may include the shaft PCBA 3031 which includes the shaft assembly controller 3022 which can communicate with the power management controller 3016 through an interface (e.g., interface 3024 of FIG. 29) while the shaft assembly 200 and the power assembly 3006 are coupled to the handle assembly 14. For example, the interface may comprise a first interface portion 3025 which may include one or more electric connectors for coupling engagement with corresponding shaft assembly electric connectors and a second interface portion 3027 which may include one or more electric connectors for coupling engagement with corresponding power assembly electric connectors to permit electrical communication between the shaft assembly controller 3022 and the power management controller 3016 while the shaft assembly 200 and the power assembly 3006 are coupled to the handle assembly 14. One or more communication signals can be transmitted through the interface to communicate one or more of the power requirements of the attached interchangeable shaft assembly 200 to the power management controller 3016. In response, the power management controller 3016 may modulate the power output of the battery of the power assembly 3006, as described below in greater detail, in accordance with the power requirements of the attached shaft assembly 200. In certain circumstances, one or more of the electric connectors may comprise switches which can be activated after mechanical coupling engagement of the handle assembly 14 to the shaft assembly 200 and/or to the power assembly 3006 to allow electrical communication between the shaft assembly controller 3022 and the power management controller 3016.


In certain circumstances, the interface can facilitate transmission of the one or more communication signals between the power management controller 3016 and the shaft assembly controller 3022 by routing such communication signals through a main controller 3017 residing in the handle assembly 14, for example. In other circumstances, the interface can facilitate a direct line of communication between the power management controller 3016 and the shaft assembly controller 3022 through the handle assembly 14 while the shaft assembly 200 and the power assembly 3006 are coupled to the handle assembly 14.


In one instance, the main microcontroller 3017 may be any single core or multicore processor such as those known under the trade name ARM Cortex by Texas Instruments. In one instance, the surgical instrument 10 (FIGS. 1-4) may comprise a power management controller 3016 such as, for example, a safety microcontroller platform comprising two microcontroller-based families such as TMS570 and RM4x known under the trade name Hercules ARM Cortex R4, also by Texas Instruments. Nevertheless, other suitable substitutes for microcontrollers and safety processor may be employed, without limitation. In one instance, the safety processor 2004 (FIG. 21A) may be configured specifically for IEC 61508 and ISO 26262 safety critical applications, among others, to provide advanced integrated safety features while delivering scalable performance, connectivity, and memory options.


In certain instances, the microcontroller 3017 may be an LM 4F230H5QR, available from Texas Instruments, for example. In at least one example, the Texas Instruments LM4F230H5QR is an ARM Cortex-M4F Processor Core comprising on-chip memory of 256 KB single-cycle flash memory, or other non-volatile memory, up to 40 MHz, a prefetch buffer to improve performance above 40 MHz, a 32 KB single-cycle serial random access memory (SRAM), internal read-only memory (ROM) loaded with StellarisWare® software, 2 KB electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), one or more pulse width modulation (PWM) modules, one or more quadrature encoder inputs (QEI) analog, one or more 12-bit Analog-to-Digital Converters (ADC) with 12 analog input channels, among other features that are readily available for the product datasheet. The present disclosure should not be limited in this context.


The power assembly 3006 may include a power management circuit which may comprise the power management controller 3016, a power modulator 3038, and a current sense circuit 3036. The power management circuit can be configured to modulate power output of the battery based on the power requirements of the shaft assembly 200 while the shaft assembly 200 and the power assembly 3006 are coupled to the handle assembly 14. For example, the power management controller 3016 can be programmed to control the power modulator 3038 of the power output of the power assembly 3006 and the current sense circuit 3036 can be employed to monitor power output of the power assembly 3006 to provide feedback to the power management controller 3016 about the power output of the battery so that the power management controller 3016 may adjust the power output of the power assembly 3006 to maintain a desired output.


It is noteworthy that the power management controller 3016 and/or the shaft assembly controller 3022 each may comprise one or more processors and/or memory units which may store a number of software modules. Although certain modules and/or blocks of the surgical instrument 10 may be described by way of example, it can be appreciated that a greater or lesser number of modules and/or blocks may be used. Further, although various instances may be described in terms of modules and/or blocks to facilitate description, such modules and/or blocks may be implemented by one or more hardware components, e.g., processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Programmable Logic Devices (PLDs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), circuits, registers and/or software components, e.g., programs, subroutines, logic and/or combinations of hardware and software components.


In certain instances, the surgical instrument 10 may comprise an output device 3042 which may include one or more devices for providing a sensory feedback to a user. Such devices may comprise, for example, visual feedback devices (e.g., an LCD display screen, LED indicators), audio feedback devices (e.g., a speaker, a buzzer) or tactile feedback devices (e.g., haptic actuators). In certain circumstances, the output device 3042 may comprise a display 3043 which may be included in the handle assembly 14. The shaft assembly controller 3022 and/or the power management controller 3016 can provide feedback to a user of the surgical instrument 10 through the output device 3042. The interface (e.g. interface 3024 of FIG. 29) can be configured to connect the shaft assembly controller 3022 and/or the power management controller 3016 to the output device 3042. The reader will appreciate that the output device 3042 can instead be integrated with the power assembly 3006. In such circumstances, communication between the output device 3042 and the shaft assembly controller 3022 may be accomplished through the interface while the shaft assembly 200 is coupled to the handle assembly 14.



FIG. 29 is a block diagram the surgical instrument of FIG. 1 illustrating interfaces (collectively 3024) between the handle assembly 14 and the power assembly 3006 and between the handle assembly 14 and the interchangeable shaft assembly 200. As shown in FIG. 29, the power assembly 3006 may include a power management circuit 3034 which may comprise the power management controller 3016, a power modulator 3038, a current sense circuit 3036 and a power assembly connector 3032. The power management circuit 3034 can be configured to modulate power output of the battery 3007 based on the power requirements of the shaft assembly 200 while the shaft assembly 200 and the power assembly 3006 are coupled to the handle assembly 14. For example, the power management controller 3016 can be programmed to control the power modulator 3038 of the power output of the power assembly 3006 and the current sense circuit 3036 can be employed to monitor power output of the power assembly 3006 to provide feedback to the power management controller 3016 about the power output of the battery 3007 so that the power management controller 3016 may adjust the power output of the power assembly 3006 to maintain a desired output. The power assembly connector 3032 is configured to connect to the power assembly connector 3030 of the handle assembly 14 at the interface 3027 to connect the power assembly 3006 to the handle assembly 14.


The shaft assembly 200 includes the shaft assembly controller 3022 and a shaft assembly connector 3028. The shaft assembly connector 3028 is configured to connect to the shaft assembly connector 3026 of the handle assembly 14 at the interface 3025 to connect the shaft assembly 200 to the handle assembly 14. As shown in FIG. 29, the handle assembly 14 may include the main microcontroller 3017 and the output device 3042 which comprises the display 3043.


As described hereinabove, various components may cooperate to assist in the control of a motor of a powered surgical instrument. For example, for the powered surgical instrument 10, the motor current sensor 2046 measures the current being delivered to the motor 2048 and delivers an input signal representative of the measured current to the main processor 2006, which in turn applies pulse width modulation signals to the motor controller 2043, which in turn provides control signals to the gate terminals of the FETS 2044 to control the amount of current delivered to the motor 2048 over time from the battery 2008, as well as the direction of rotation of the motor 2048. One motor current sensor 2046 may be utilized to measure the current being delivered to the motor 2048 when the motor is rotating in a first direction and another motor current sensor 2046 may be utilized to measure the current being delivered to the motor 2048 when the motor is rotating in a second direction. Collectively, such components may be considered to form a portion of a control circuit/system or a motor control circuit/system. In various embodiments, in order to measure the current being delivered to the motor 2048, the motor current sensor 2046 is positioned to measure the current flowing in the H-bridge circuit (the H-bridge circuit includes the FETS 2044 and allows a voltage to be applied across the motor 2048 in either direction to allow the motor 2048 to rotate in a first direction and a second direction) between the motor 2048 and a FET 2044 which is upstream to the motor 2048. The measured current can be utilized to control the motor 2048, and by extension, to control a force applied to the firing drive system 80 of the powered surgical instrument 10.


In practice, it is relatively difficult to position a motor current sensor 2046 to measure the current flowing in the H-bridge circuit between the motor 2048 and a FET 2044 which is upstream to the motor 2048. Therefore, according to various embodiments, it is desired to utilize a current other than the current measured in the H-bridge circuit to control the motor 2048. For example, in lieu of utilizing the current measured in the H-bridge circuit as described hereinabove, a current measured at another point in the surgical instrument 10 can be utilized to control the motor 2048.



FIG. 30 illustrates a simplified representation of various embodiments of a surgical stapler 3100. According to various embodiments, the surgical stapler 3100 includes a drive system, an electric motor 3102, a battery 3104 and a control system. The drive system, which is not shown in FIG. 30 for purposes of simplicity, may be similar or identical to the firing drive system 80. The electric motor 3102 is mechanically coupled to the drive system, and may be similar or identical to the motor 2048. The battery 3104 is electrically couplable to the electric motor 3102, and may be similar or identical to the battery 2008. The control system is electrically connected to the electric motor 3102, and includes an H-bridge circuit, a first current mirror circuit 3106 and a second current mirror circuit 3108. The H-bridge circuit includes a first switching device 3110, a second switching device 3112, a third switching device 3114 and a fourth switching device 3116. The first, second, third and fourth switching devices 3110-3116 may be any suitable type of switching devices, and may be similar or identical to the FETS 2044. The H-bridge circuit also defines a high side and a low side relative to the electric motor 3102. The high side includes first and second legs, with the first switching device 3110 being part of the first leg and the second switching device 3112 being part of the second leg. The low side includes third and fourth legs, with the third switching device 3114 being part of the third leg and the fourth switching device 3116 being part of the fourth leg. The high side of the H-bridge circuit is considered the upstream side of the H-bridge circuit and the low side of the H-bridge circuit is considered the downstream side of the H-bridge circuit. The electric motor 3102 is electrically couplable to the battery 3104 via the H-bridge circuit.


In operation, when the first and fourth switching devices 3110, 3116 are “closed” and the second and third switching devices 3112, 3114 are “open”, the electric motor 3102 is able to draw current from the battery 3104 and rotate in a first direction (e.g., a direction which causes a component of the drive system to advance distally). For this condition, the path of the current is from the positive terminal of the battery 3104, through the first switching device 3110, through the electric motor 3102, through the fourth switching device 3116, through the first current mirror circuit 3106 and back to the negative terminal of the battery 3104. Similarly, when the second and third switching devices 3112, 3114 are “closed” and the first and fourth switching devices 3110, 3116 are “open”, the electric motor 3102 is able to draw current from the battery 3104 and rotate in a second direction (e.g., a direction which causes a component of the drive system to retract proximally). For this condition, the path of the current is from the positive terminal of the battery 3104, through the second switching device 3112, through the electric motor 3102, through the third switching device 3114, through the second current mirror circuit 3108 and back to the negative terminal of the battery 3104.


The first current mirror circuit 3106 is electrically connected to a leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the fourth leg) and includes nodes A and B. The node A is considered as being electrically connected in series with the H-bridge circuit and the node B is considered as being electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit and in series with the battery 3104. As known in the art, a current mirror circuit is a circuit designed to copy a current through one active device by controlling the current in another active device of the circuit, keeping the output current constant regardless of loading. When the first and fourth switching devices 3110, 3116 are “closed” and the second and third switching devices 3112, 3114 are “open”, based on a current at the node A, the first current mirror circuit 3106 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node B which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. The current at the node B of the first current mirror circuit 3106 may be sensed/measured by a current sensor 3118. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3118 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the H-Bridge circuit at node A). The output signal from the current sensor 3118 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the first direction. The current sensor 3118 may be considered as part of the control system. According to other embodiments, the first current mirror circuit 3106 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node B which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (e.g., resistors) may be included in a “leg” of the first current mirror circuit 3106.


The second current mirror circuit 3108 is electrically connected to a second leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the third leg) and includes nodes C and D. The node C is considered as being electrically connected in series with the H-bridge circuit and the node D is considered as being electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit and in series with the battery 3104. When the second and third switching devices 3112, 3114 are “closed” and the first and fourth switching devices 3110, 3116 are “open”, based on a current at the node C, the second current mirror circuit 3108 operates to maintain a current at the node D which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. The current at the node D of the second current mirror circuit 3108 may be sensed/measured by a current sensor 3120. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3120 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the H-Bridge circuit at node C). The output signal from the current sensor 3120 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the second direction. The current sensor 3120 may be considered as part of the control system. According to other embodiments, the second current mirror circuit 3108 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node D which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (e.g., resistors) may be included in a “leg” of the first current mirror circuit 3108.


The first and second current mirror circuit 3106, 3108 may be the same or different, and may embodied as any suitable type of current mirror circuits. For example, as described in more detail hereinbelow, according to various embodiments, the first current mirror circuit 3106 may be embodied as a three-transistor Wilson current mirror, a four-transistor Wilson current mirror, etc. and the second current mirror circuit 3108 may be embodied as a three-transistor Wilson current mirror, a four-transistor Wilson current mirror, etc. For purposes of simplicity, each current mirror circuit described hereafter will be described in the context of being a Wilson current mirror. However, it will be appreciated that the first and second current mirror circuits 3106, 3108, and any current mirror circuits described hereinafter may be embodied as any suitable type of current mirror circuit.


Although the surgical stapler 3100 is shown in FIG. 30 as having two current mirror circuits 3106, 3108, each on the downstream side of the H-bridge circuit, it will be appreciated that according to other embodiments, the surgical stapler 3100 may include a single current mirror circuit electrically connected to either the third leg or the fourth leg of the H-bridge circuit as described hereinabove.



FIG. 31 illustrates a more detailed representation of the surgical stapler 3100 according to various embodiments. As shown in FIG. 31, the first and second current mirror circuits 3106, 3108 are embodied as three-transistor Wilson current mirrors. The first three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106 is electrically connected to a first leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the fourth leg) and includes nodes A and B. The second three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108 is electrically connected to a second leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the third leg) and includes nodes C and D. For the first three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106, based on a current at the node A, the first three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106 operates to maintain a current at the node B which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. The current at the node B of the first three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106 may be sensed/measured by the current sensor 3118. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3118 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the H-Bridge circuit at node A). The output signal from the current sensor 3118 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the first direction. According to other embodiments, the first three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node B which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (not shown) may be included in a “leg” of the first three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106.


For the second three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108, based on a current at the node C, the second three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108 operates to maintain a current at the node D which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. The current at the node D of the second three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108 may be sensed/measured by the current sensor 3120. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3120 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the H-Bridge circuit at node C). The output signal from the current sensor 3120 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the second direction. According to other embodiments, the second three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node D which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (not shown) may be included in a “leg” of the second three-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108.


Although the surgical stapler 3100 is shown in FIG. 31 as having two three-transistor Wilson current mirrors, each on the downstream side of the H-bridge circuit, it will be appreciated that according to other embodiments, the surgical stapler 3100 may include a single three-transistor Wilson current mirror electrically connected to either the third leg or the fourth leg of the H-bridge circuit as described hereinabove.



FIG. 32 illustrates a more detailed representation of the surgical stapler 3100 according to various embodiments. As shown in FIG. 31, the first and second current mirror circuits 3106, 3108 are embodied as four-transistor Wilson current mirrors. The first four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106 is electrically connected to a first leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the fourth leg) and includes nodes A and B. The second four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108 is electrically connected to a second leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the third leg) and includes nodes C and D. For the first four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106, based on a current at the node A, the first four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106 operates to maintain a current at the node B which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. The current at the node B of the first four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106 may be sensed/measured by the current sensor 3118. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3118 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the H-Bridge circuit at node A). The output signal from the current sensor 3118 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the first direction. According to other embodiments, the first four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node B which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (not shown) may be included in a “leg” of the first four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3106.


For the second four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108, based on a current at the node C, the second four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108 operates to maintain a current at the node D which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. The current at the node D of the second four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108 may be sensed/measured by the current sensor 3120. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3120 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the H-Bridge circuit at node C). The output signal from the current sensor 3120 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the second direction. According to other embodiments, the second four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node D which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (not shown) may be included in a “leg” of the second four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3108.


Although the surgical stapler 3100 is shown in FIG. 32 as having two four-transistor Wilson current mirrors, each on the downstream side of the H-bridge circuit, it will be appreciated that according to other embodiments, the surgical stapler 3100 may include a single four-transistor Wilson current mirror electrically connected to either the third leg or the fourth leg of the H-bridge circuit as described hereinabove.


For embodiments of the surgical stapler 3100 which includes two current mirror circuits (each on the downstream side of the H-bridge circuit), the two current mirror circuits can be the same or different. Thus, although FIG. 31 shows both current mirror circuits as being three-transistor Wilson current mirrors and FIG. 32 shows both current mirror circuits as being four-transistor Wilson current mirrors, it will be appreciated that according to other embodiments, the two current mirror circuits may be different. For example, one of the current mirror circuits may be a three-transistor Wilson current mirror and the other of the current mirror circuits may be a four-transistor Wilson current mirror.



FIG. 33 illustrates a simplified version of various embodiments of a surgical stapler 3300. The surgical stapler 3300 is similar to the surgical stapler 3100 but is different. According to various embodiments, the surgical stapler 3300 includes a drive system, the electric motor 3102, the battery 3104 and a control system. The drive system, which is not shown in FIG. 33 for purposes of simplicity, may be similar or identical to the firing drive system 80. The control system is electrically connected to the electric motor 3102, and includes a mirror bridge circuit. The mirror bridge circuit includes an H-bridge circuit which includes the first switching device 3110, the second switching device 3112, the third switching device 3114, the fourth switching device 3116, a first current mirror circuit 3306 and a second current mirror circuit 3308. The H-bridge circuit also defines a high side and a low side relative to the electric motor 3102. The high side includes first and second legs, with the first switching device 3110 being part of the first leg and the second switching device 3112 being part of the second leg. The low side includes third and fourth legs, with the third switching device 3114 being part of the third leg and the fourth switching device 3116 being part of the fourth leg. The high side of the H-bridge circuit is considered the upstream side of the H-bridge circuit and the low side of the H-bridge circuit is considered the downstream side of the H-bridge circuit. The electric motor 3102 is electrically couplable to the battery 3104 via the H-bridge circuit.


The first current mirror circuit 3306 is electrically connected to a leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the fourth leg) between the electric motor 3102 and the fourth switching device 3116, and is also electrically connected to a battery 3322. The battery 3322 may be representative of the battery 3104 or may be in addition to the battery 3104. The first current mirror circuit 3406 includes nodes A and B. The node A is considered as being electrically connected in series with the electric motor 3102 and the fourth switching device 3116 and the node B is considered as being external to the H-bridge circuit. When the first and fourth switching devices 3110, 3116 are “closed” and the second and third switching devices 3112, 3114 are “open”, current flows from the positive terminal of the battery 3104, through the first switching device 3110, through the electric motor 3102, through a leg of the first current mirror circuit 3406, through the fourth switching device 3116 and back to the negative terminal of the battery 3104. Based on the current at the node A, the first current mirror circuit 3306 operates to maintain a current at the node B which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. The current at the node B of the first current mirror circuit 3306 may be sensed/measured by the current sensor 3118. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3118 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the electric motor 3102 at node A). The output signal from the current sensor 3118 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the first direction. According to other embodiments, the first current mirror circuit 3306 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node B which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (e.g., resistors) may be included in a “leg” of the first current mirror circuit 3306.


The second current mirror circuit 3308 is electrically connected to a leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the third leg) between the electric motor 3102 and the third switching device 3114, and is also electrically connected to a battery 3324. The second current mirror circuit 3308 includes nodes C and D. The node C is considered as being electrically connected in series with the electric motor 3102 and the third switching device 3114 and the node D is considered as being external to the H-bridge circuit. When the second and third switching devices 3112, 3114 are “closed” and the first and fourth switching devices 3110, 3116 are “open”, current flows from the positive terminal of the battery 3104, through the second switching device 3112, through the electric motor 3102, through a leg of the second current mirror circuit 3308, through the third switching device 3114 and back to the negative terminal of the battery 3104. Based on the current at the node C, the second current mirror circuit 3308 operates to maintain a current at the node D which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. The current at the node D of the second current mirror circuit 3308 may be sensed/measured by the current sensor 3120. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3120 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the electric motor 3102 at node C). The output signal from the current sensor 3120 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the second direction. According to other embodiments, the second current mirror circuit 3308 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node D which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (e.g., resistors) may be included in a “leg” of the second current mirror circuit 3308.


The first and second current mirror circuits 3306, 3308 of the mirror bridge circuit may be the same or different, and may embodied as any suitable type of current mirror circuits. For example, as described in more detail hereinbelow with respect to FIG. 34, according to various embodiments, the first and second current mirror circuits 3306, 3308 may be embodied as four-transistor Wilson current mirrors. However, it will be appreciated that the first and second current mirror circuits 3306, 3308 of the mirror bridge circuit may be embodied as any suitable type of current mirror circuit. Also, although the mirror bridge circuit is shown in FIG. 33 as having two current mirror circuits 3306, 3308, each on the downstream side of the H-bridge circuit, it will be appreciated that according to other embodiments, the surgical stapler 3300 may include a single current mirror circuit electrically connected to either the third leg or the fourth leg of the H-bridge circuit as described hereinabove.



FIG. 34 illustrates a more detailed representation of the surgical stapler 3300 according to various embodiments. As shown in FIG. 34, the first and second current mirror circuits 3306, 3308 are embodied as four-transistor Wilson current mirrors. The first four-transistor current mirror 3306 is electrically connected to a leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the fourth leg) between the electric motor 302 and the fourth switching device 3116, and is also electrically connected to the battery 3322. The first current mirror includes nodes A and B. The node A is considered as being electrically connected in series with the electric motor 3102 and the fourth switching device 3116 and the node B is considered as being external to the H-bridge circuit. When the first and fourth switching devices 3110, 3116 are “closed” and the second and third switching devices 3112, 3114 are “open”, current flows from the positive terminal of the battery 3102, through the first switching device 3110, through the electric motor 3102, through a leg of the first four-transistor current mirror 3306, through the fourth switching device 3116 and back to the negative terminal of the battery 3104. Based on the current at the node A, the first four-transistor current mirror 3306 operates to maintain a current at the node B which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. The current at the node B of the first four-transistor current mirror 3306 may be sensed/measured by the current sensor 3118. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3118 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the electric motor 3102 at node A). The output signal from the current sensor 3118 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the first direction. According to other embodiments, the first four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3306 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node B which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node A. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (not shown) may be included in a “leg” of the first four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3306.


The second four-transistor current mirror 3308 is electrically connected to a leg of the low side of the H-bridge circuit (e.g., the third leg) between the electric motor 3102 and the third switching device 3114, and is also electrically connected to the battery 3324. The second four-transistor current mirror 3308 includes nodes C and D. The node C is considered as being electrically connected in series with the electric motor 3102 and the third switching device 3114 and the node D is considered as being external to the H-bridge circuit. When the second and third switching devices 3112, 3114 are “closed” and the first and fourth switching devices 3110, 3116 are “open”, current flows from the positive terminal of the battery 3104, through the second switching device 3112, through the electric motor 3102, through a leg of the second four-transistor current mirror 3308, through the third switching device 3114 and back to the negative terminal of the battery 3104. Based on the current at the node C, the second four-transistor current mirror 3308 operates to maintain a current at the node D which is equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. The current at the node D of the second four-transistor current mirror 3308 may be sensed/measured by the current sensor 3120. Responsive to the sensed current, the current sensor 3120 may output a signal which is indicative of the magnitude of the sensed current (and also indicative of the current downstream of the electric motor 3102 at node C). The output signal from the current sensor 3120 may be input to the main processor 2006 to control the electric motor 3102, and by extension, to control a force applied to the drive system of the surgical stapler 3100 when the electric motor 3102 is operating in the second direction. According to other embodiments, the second four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3308 may be configured to operate to maintain a current at the node D which correlates to but is not necessarily equivalent in magnitude to the current at the node C. For such embodiments, one or more resistive elements (not shown) may be included in a “leg” of the second four-transistor Wilson current mirror 3308.


EXAMPLES
Example 1

A surgical stapler is provided. The surgical stapler comprises a drive system, an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive system, a battery electrically couplable to the electric motor, and a control system electrically connected to the electric motor. The control system comprises an H-bridge circuit and a current mirror circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit. The H-bridge circuit comprises a plurality of switching devices. The control system is configured to control a force applied to the drive system based on a current measured at a node of the current mirror circuit, wherein the node is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit.


Example 2

The surgical stapler of Example 1, wherein the H-bridge circuit comprises a high side and a low side, and the current mirror circuit is electrically connected to the low side of the H-bridge circuit.


Example 3

The surgical stapler of Example 2, wherein the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises first and second legs, and the current mirror circuit is electrically connected to one of the first and second legs of the H-bridge circuit.


Example 4

The surgical stapler of Examples 1, 2 or 3, wherein the current mirror circuit comprises a three-transistor Wilson current mirror.


Example 5

The surgical stapler of Examples 1, 2, 3 or 4, wherein the control system further comprises a current sensor configured to measure the current.


Example 6

The surgical stapler of Examples 1, 2, 3, 4 or 5, wherein the control system further comprises a second current mirror circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit, and the control system is further configured to control a second force applied to the drive system based on a second current measured at a node of the second current mirror circuit. The node of the second current mirror is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit.


Example 7

The surgical stapler of Example 6, wherein the H-bridge circuit comprises a high side and a low side, and the current mirror circuit and the second current mirror circuit are each electrically connected to the low side of the H-bridge circuit.


Example 8

The surgical stapler of Examples 6 or 7, wherein the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises first and second legs, the current mirror circuit is electrically connected to first leg of the H-bridge circuit, and the second current mirror circuit is electrically connected to the second leg of the H-bridge circuit.


Example 9

The surgical stapler of Examples 6, 7 or 8, wherein the control system further comprises a second current sensor, wherein the second current sensor is configured to measure the second current.


Example 10

A surgical stapler is provided. The surgical stapler comprises a drive system, an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive system, a battery electrically couplable to the electric motor, and a control system electrically connected to the electrical motor. The control system comprises an H-bridge circuit, a first current mirror circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit, and a second current mirror circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit. The H-bridge circuit comprises a plurality of switching devices. The control system is configured to, one, control a first force applied to the drive system based on a first current measured at a node of the first current mirror circuit, wherein the node is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit, and, two, control a second force applied to the drive system based on a second current measured at a node of the second current mirror circuit, wherein the node of the second mirror circuit is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit.


Example 11

The surgical stapler of Example 10, wherein the H-bridge circuit comprises a high side and a low side, and the first and second current mirror circuits are electrically coupled to the low side of the H-bridge circuit.


Example 12

The surgical stapler of Example 11, wherein the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises first and second legs, the first current mirror is electrically connected to the first leg of the H-bridge circuit, and the second current mirror is electrically connected to the second leg of the H-bridge circuit.


Example 13

The surgical stapler of Examples 10, 11 or 12, wherein at least one of the first and second current mirror circuits is a three-transistor Wilson current mirror.


Example 14

The surgical stapler of Examples 10, 11, 12 or 13, wherein the control system further comprises a first current sensor configured measure the first current and a second current sensor configured to measure the second current.


Example 15

A surgical stapler is provided. The surgical stapler comprises a drive system, an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive system, a battery electrically couplable to the electric motor, and a control system electrically connected to the electric motor. The control system comprises a mirror bridge circuit. The mirror bridge circuit comprises an H-bridge circuit. The H-bridge circuit comprises a plurality of switching devices and a current mirror circuit electrically connected in series with the electric motor. The control system is configured to control a force applied to the drive system based on a current measured at a node of the current mirror circuit. The node is external to the H-bridge circuit.


Example 16

The surgical stapler of Example 15, wherein the H-bridge circuit comprises a high side and a low side, and the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises the current mirror circuit.


Example 17

The surgical stapler of Example 16, wherein the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises first and second legs, and one of the first and second legs of the H-bridge circuit comprises the current mirror circuit.


Example 18

The surgical stapler of Examples 16 or 17, wherein the low side of the H-bridge circuit further comprises a second current mirror circuit, and the control system is further configured to control a second force applied to the drive system based on a second current measured at a node of the second current mirror circuit. The node of the second current mirror circuit is external to the H-bridge circuit.


Example 19

The surgical stapler of Example 18, wherein at least one of the first and second current mirror circuits is a four-transistor Wilson current mirror.


Example 20

The surgical stapler of Examples 18 or 19, wherein the control system further comprises a first current sensor configured to measure the current and a second current sensor configured to measure the second current.


Example 21

A surgical stapler is provided. The surgical stapler comprises a drive system, an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive system, a battery electrically couplable to the electric motor, and a control system electrically connected to the electric motor. The control system comprises an H-bridge circuit and an electrical circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit. The H-bridge circuit comprises a plurality of switching devices. The control system is configured to control the electric motor based on a current measured in the electrical circuit.


The entire disclosures of:


U.S. Pat. No. 5,403,312, entitled ELECTROSURGICAL HEMOSTATIC DEVICE, which issued on Apr. 4, 1995;


U.S. Pat. No. 7,000,818, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT HAVING SEPARATE DISTINCT CLOSING AND FIRING SYSTEMS, which issued on Feb. 21, 2006;


U.S. Pat. No. 7,422,139, entitled MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENING INSTRUMENT WITH TACTILE POSITION FEEDBACK, which issued on Sep. 9, 2008;


U.S. Pat. No. 7,464,849, entitled ELECTRO-MECHANICAL SURGICAL INSTRUMENT WITH CLOSURE SYSTEM AND ANVIL ALIGNMENT COMPONENTS, which issued on Dec. 16, 2008;


U.S. Pat. No. 7,670,334, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HAVING AN ARTICULATING END EFFECTOR, which issued on Mar. 2, 2010;


U.S. Pat. No. 7,753,245, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS, which issued on Jul. 13, 2010;


U.S. Pat. No. 8,393,514, entitled SELECTIVELY ORIENTABLE IMPLANTABLE FASTENER CARTRIDGE, which issued on Mar. 12, 2013;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/343,803, entitled SURGICAL INSTRUMENT HAVING RECORDING CAPABILITIES; now U.S. Pat. No. 7,845,537;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/031,573, entitled SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENING INSTRUMENT HAVING RF ELECTRODES, filed Feb. 14, 2008;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/031,873, entitled END EFFECTORS FOR A SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING INSTRUMENT, filed Feb. 15, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 7,980,443;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/235,782, entitled MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING INSTRUMENT, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,210,411;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/249,117, entitled POWERED SURGICAL CUTTING AND STAPLING APPARATUS WITH MANUALLY RETRACTABLE FIRING SYSTEM, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,608,045;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/647,100, entitled MOTOR-DRIVEN SURGICAL CUTTING INSTRUMENT WITH ELECTRIC ACTUATOR DIRECTIONAL CONTROL ASSEMBLY, filed Dec. 24, 2009; now U.S. Pat. No. 8,220,688;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/893,461, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE, filed Sep. 29, 2012, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,733,613;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/036,647, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT, filed Feb. 28, 2011, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,561,870;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/118,241, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENTS WITH ROTATABLE STAPLE DEPLOYMENT ARRANGEMENTS, now U.S. Pat. No. 9,072,535;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/524,049, entitled ARTICULATABLE SURGICAL INSTRUMENT COMPRISING A FIRING DRIVE, filed on Jun. 15, 2012; now U.S. Pat. No. 9,101,358;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/800,025, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263551;


U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/800,067, entitled STAPLE CARTRIDGE TISSUE THICKNESS SENSOR SYSTEM, filed on Mar. 13, 2013, now U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2014/0263552;


U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2007/0175955, entitled SURGICAL CUTTING AND FASTENING INSTRUMENT WITH CLOSURE TRIGGER LOCKING MECHANISM, filed Jan. 31, 2006; and


U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2010/0264194, entitled SURGICAL STAPLING INSTRUMENT WITH AN ARTICULATABLE END EFFECTOR, filed Apr. 22, 2010, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,308,040, are hereby incorporated by reference herein.


Although the various embodiments of the devices have been described herein in connection with certain disclosed embodiments, many modifications and variations to those embodiments may be implemented. Also, where materials are disclosed for certain components, other materials may be used. Furthermore, according to various embodiments, a single component may be replaced by multiple components, and multiple components may be replaced by a single component, to perform a given function or functions. The foregoing description and following claims are intended to cover all such modification and variations.


The devices disclosed herein can be designed to be disposed of after a single use, or they can be designed to be used multiple times. In either case, however, the device can be reconditioned for reuse after at least one use. Reconditioning can include any combination of the steps of disassembly of the device, followed by cleaning or replacement of particular pieces, and subsequent reassembly. In particular, the device can be disassembled, and any number of the particular pieces or parts of the device can be selectively replaced or removed in any combination. Upon cleaning and/or replacement of particular parts, the device can be reassembled for subsequent use either at a reconditioning facility, or by a surgical team immediately prior to a surgical procedure. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that reconditioning of a device can utilize a variety of techniques for disassembly, cleaning/replacement, and reassembly. Use of such techniques, and the resulting reconditioned device, are all within the scope of the present application.


By way of example only, aspects described herein may be processed before surgery. First, a new or used instrument may be obtained and when necessary cleaned. The instrument may then be sterilized. In one sterilization technique, the instrument is placed in a closed and sealed container, such as a plastic or TYVEK (commercially available from E. I. du Pont de Nemours and Company) bag. The container and instrument may then be placed in a field of radiation that can penetrate the container, such as gamma radiation, x-rays, or high-energy electrons. The radiation may kill bacteria on the instrument and in the container. The sterilized instrument may then be stored in the sterile container. The sealed container may keep the instrument sterile until it is opened in a medical facility. A device also may be sterilized using any other technique known in the art, including but not limited to beta or gamma radiation, ethylene oxide, plasma peroxide, or steam.


While this invention has been described as having exemplary designs, the present invention may be further modified within the spirit and scope of the disclosure. This application is therefore intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention using its general principles.


Any patent, publication, or other disclosure material, in whole or in part, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein is incorporated herein only to the extent that the incorporated materials does not conflict with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth in this disclosure. As such, and to the extent necessary, the disclosure as explicitly set forth herein supersedes any conflicting material incorporated herein by reference. Any material, or portion thereof, that is said to be incorporated by reference herein, but which conflicts with existing definitions, statements, or other disclosure material set forth herein will only be incorporated to the extent that no conflict arises between that incorporated material and the existing disclosure material.

Claims
  • 1. A surgical stapler, comprising: a drive system;an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive system;a battery electrically couplable to the electric motor; anda control system electrically connected to the electric motor, the control system comprising: an H-bridge circuit comprising a plurality of switching devices; anda current mirror circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit, wherein the control system is configured to control a force applied to the drive system based on a current measured at a node of the current mirror circuit, and wherein the node is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit.
  • 2. The surgical stapler of claim 1, wherein: the H-bridge circuit comprises a high side and a low side; andthe current mirror circuit is electrically connected to the low side of the H-bridge circuit.
  • 3. The surgical stapler of claim 2, wherein: the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises first and second legs; andthe current mirror circuit is electrically connected to one of the first and second legs of the H-bridge circuit.
  • 4. The surgical stapler of claim 1, wherein the current mirror circuit comprises a three-transistor Wilson current mirror.
  • 5. The surgical stapler of claim 1, wherein the control system further comprises a current sensor configured to measure the current.
  • 6. The surgical stapler of claim 1, wherein: the control system further comprises a second current mirror circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit; andthe control system is further configured to control a second force applied to the drive system based on a second current measured at a node of the second current mirror circuit, wherein the node of the second current mirror circuit is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit.
  • 7. The surgical stapler of claim 6, wherein: the H-bridge circuit comprises a high side and a low side; andthe current mirror circuit and the second current mirror circuit are each electrically connected to the low side of the H-bridge circuit.
  • 8. The surgical stapler of claim 7, wherein: the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises first and second legs;the current mirror circuit is electrically connected to the first leg of the H-bridge circuit; andthe second current mirror circuit is electrically connected to the second leg of the H-bridge circuit.
  • 9. The surgical stapler of claim 6, wherein the control system further comprises a second current sensor, wherein the second current sensor is configured to measure the second current.
  • 10. A surgical stapler, comprising: a drive system;an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive system;a battery electrically couplable to the electric motor; anda control system electrically connected to the electrical motor, the control system comprising: an H-bridge circuit comprising a plurality of switching devices;a first current mirror circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit; anda second current mirror circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit, wherein the control system is configured to: control a first force applied to the drive system based on a first current measured at a node of the first current mirror circuit, wherein the node is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit; andcontrol a second force applied to the drive system based on a second current measured at a node of the second current mirror circuit, wherein the node of the second current mirror circuit is electrically connected in parallel with the H-bridge circuit.
  • 11. The surgical stapler of claim 10, wherein: the H-bridge circuit comprises a high side and a low side; andthe first and second current mirror circuits are electrically coupled to the low side of the H-bridge circuit.
  • 12. The surgical stapler of claim 11, wherein: the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises first and second legs;the first current mirror circuit is electrically connected to the first leg of the H-bridge circuit; andthe second current mirror circuit is electrically connected to the second leg of the H-bridge circuit.
  • 13. The surgical stapler of claim 10, wherein at least one of the first and second current mirror circuits is a three-transistor Wilson current mirror.
  • 14. The surgical stapler of claim 10, wherein the control system further comprises: a first current sensor configured to measure the first current; anda second current sensor configured to measure the second current.
  • 15. A surgical stapler, comprising: a drive system;an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive system;a battery electrically couplable to the electric motor; anda control system electrically connected to the electric motor, the control system comprising: a mirror bridge circuit, comprising: an H-bridge circuit, the H-bridge circuit comprising: a plurality of switching devices; anda current mirror circuit electrically connected in series with the electric motor, wherein the control system is configured to control a force applied to the drive system based on a current measured at a node of the current mirror circuit, and wherein the node is external to the H-bridge circuit.
  • 16. The surgical stapler of claim 15, wherein: the H-bridge circuit comprises a high side and a low side; andthe low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises the current mirror circuit.
  • 17. The surgical stapler of claim 16, wherein: the low side of the H-bridge circuit comprises first and second legs; andone of the first and second legs of the H-bridge circuit comprises the current mirror circuit.
  • 18. The surgical stapler of claim 16, wherein: the low side of the H-bridge circuit further comprises a second current mirror circuit; andthe control system is further configured to control a second force applied to the drive system based on a second current measured at a node of the second current mirror circuit, wherein the node of the second current mirror circuit is external to the H-bridge circuit.
  • 19. The surgical stapler of claim 18, wherein at least one of the current mirror circuit and the second current mirror circuit is a four-transistor Wilson current mirror.
  • 20. The surgical stapler of claim 18, wherein the control system further comprises: a first current sensor configured to measure the current; anda second current sensor configured to measure the second current.
  • 21. A surgical stapler, comprising: a drive system;an electric motor mechanically coupled to the drive system;a battery electrically couplable to the electric motor; anda control system electrically connected to the electric motor, the control system comprising: an H-bridge circuit comprising a plurality of switching devices; andan electrical circuit electrically connected to the H-bridge circuit, wherein the control system is configured to control the electric motor based on a current measured in the electrical circuit.
US Referenced Citations (3882)
Number Name Date Kind
66052 Smith Jun 1867 A
662587 Blake Nov 1900 A
670748 Weddeler Mar 1901 A
951393 Hahn Mar 1910 A
1306107 Elliott Jun 1919 A
1314601 McCaskey Sep 1919 A
1677337 Grove Jul 1928 A
1794907 Kelly Mar 1931 A
2132295 Hawkins Oct 1933 A
2037727 La Chapelle Apr 1936 A
2161632 Nattenheimer Jun 1939 A
2211117 Hess Aug 1940 A
2214870 West Sep 1940 A
2318379 Davis et al. May 1943 A
2329440 La Place Sep 1943 A
2441096 Happe May 1948 A
2448741 Scott et al. Sep 1948 A
2450527 Smith et al. Oct 1948 A
2526902 Rublee Oct 1950 A
2527256 Jackson Oct 1950 A
2578636 Fish Dec 1951 A
2674149 Benson Apr 1954 A
2711461 Happe Jun 1955 A
2804848 O'Farrell et al. Sep 1957 A
2808482 Zanichkowsky et al. Oct 1957 A
2853074 Olson Sep 1958 A
2887004 Stewart May 1959 A
2959974 Emrick Nov 1960 A
3032769 Palmer May 1962 A
3075062 Iaccarino Jan 1963 A
3078465 Bobrov Feb 1963 A
3079606 Bobrov et al. Mar 1963 A
3166072 Sullivan, Jr. Jan 1965 A
3196869 Scholl Jul 1965 A
3204731 Bent et al. Sep 1965 A
3266494 Brownrigg et al. Aug 1966 A
3269630 Fleischer Aug 1966 A
3275211 Hirsch et al. Sep 1966 A
3317103 Cullen et al. May 1967 A
3317105 Astafjev et al. May 1967 A
3357296 Lefever Dec 1967 A
3490675 Green et al. Jan 1970 A
3494533 Green et al. Feb 1970 A
3499591 Green Mar 1970 A
3503396 Pierie et al. Mar 1970 A
3551987 Wilkinson Jan 1971 A
3568675 Harvey Mar 1971 A
3572159 Tschanz Mar 1971 A
3583393 Takahashi Jun 1971 A
3598943 Barrett Aug 1971 A
3608549 Merrill Sep 1971 A
3640317 Panfili Feb 1972 A
3643851 Green et al. Feb 1972 A
3661666 Foster et al. May 1972 A
3662939 Bryan May 1972 A
3695646 Mommsen Oct 1972 A
3709221 Riely Jan 1973 A
3717294 Green Feb 1973 A
3734207 Fishbein May 1973 A
3740994 DeCarlo, Jr. Jun 1973 A
3744495 Johnson Jul 1973 A
3746002 Haller Jul 1973 A
3751902 Kingsbury et al. Aug 1973 A
3799151 Fukaumi et al. Mar 1974 A
3819100 Noiles et al. Jun 1974 A
3821919 Knohl Jul 1974 A
3841474 Maier Oct 1974 A
3851196 Hinds Nov 1974 A
3885491 Curtis May 1975 A
3892228 Mitsui Jul 1975 A
3894174 Cartun Jul 1975 A
3940844 Colby et al. Mar 1976 A
3950686 Randall Apr 1976 A
3955581 Spasiano et al. May 1976 A
RE28932 Noiles et al. Aug 1976 E
3981051 Brumlik Sep 1976 A
4054108 Gill Oct 1977 A
4060089 Noiles Nov 1977 A
4106446 Yamada et al. Aug 1978 A
4111206 Vishnevsky et al. Sep 1978 A
4129059 Van Eck Dec 1978 A
4169990 Lerdman Oct 1979 A
4180285 Reneau Dec 1979 A
4198734 Brumlik Apr 1980 A
4198982 Fortner et al. Apr 1980 A
4207898 Becht Jun 1980 A
4213562 Garrett et al. Jul 1980 A
4226242 Jarvik Oct 1980 A
4244372 Kapitanov et al. Jan 1981 A
4250436 Weissman Feb 1981 A
4261244 Becht et al. Apr 1981 A
4272002 Moshofsky Jun 1981 A
4272662 Simpson Jun 1981 A
4274304 Curtiss Jun 1981 A
4275813 Noiles Jun 1981 A
4289133 Rothfuss Sep 1981 A
4296654 Mercer Oct 1981 A
4304236 Conta et al. Dec 1981 A
4305539 Korolkov et al. Dec 1981 A
4312685 Riedl Jan 1982 A
4317451 Cerwin et al. Mar 1982 A
4321002 Froehlich Mar 1982 A
4328839 Lyons et al. May 1982 A
4331277 Green May 1982 A
4340331 Savino Jul 1982 A
4347450 Colligan Aug 1982 A
4349028 Green Sep 1982 A
4353371 Cosman Oct 1982 A
4373147 Carlson, Jr. Feb 1983 A
4379457 Gravener et al. Apr 1983 A
4380312 Landrus Apr 1983 A
4382326 Rabuse May 1983 A
4383634 Green May 1983 A
4393728 Larson et al. Jul 1983 A
4396139 Hall et al. Aug 1983 A
4397311 Kanshin et al. Aug 1983 A
4402445 Green Sep 1983 A
4408692 Siegel et al. Oct 1983 A
4409057 Molenda et al. Oct 1983 A
4415112 Green Nov 1983 A
4416276 Newton et al. Nov 1983 A
4428376 Mericle Jan 1984 A
4429695 Green Feb 1984 A
4434796 Karapetian et al. Mar 1984 A
4438659 Desplats Mar 1984 A
4442964 Becht Apr 1984 A
4448194 DiGiovanni et al. May 1984 A
4451743 Suzuki et al. May 1984 A
4454887 Krüger Jun 1984 A
4467805 Fukuda Aug 1984 A
4470414 Imagawa et al. Sep 1984 A
4473077 Noiles et al. Sep 1984 A
4475679 Fleury, Jr. Oct 1984 A
4485816 Krumme Dec 1984 A
4485817 Swiggett Dec 1984 A
4486928 Tucker et al. Dec 1984 A
4488523 Shichman Dec 1984 A
4489875 Crawford et al. Dec 1984 A
4499895 Takayama Feb 1985 A
4500024 DiGiovanni et al. Feb 1985 A
4505272 Utyamyshev et al. Mar 1985 A
4505273 Braun et al. Mar 1985 A
4505414 Filipi Mar 1985 A
4506671 Green Mar 1985 A
4512038 Alexander et al. Apr 1985 A
4520817 Green Jun 1985 A
4522327 Korthoff et al. Jun 1985 A
4526174 Froehlich Jul 1985 A
4527724 Chow et al. Jul 1985 A
4530453 Green Jul 1985 A
4531522 Bedi et al. Jul 1985 A
4532927 Miksza, Jr. Aug 1985 A
4548202 Duncan Oct 1985 A
4565109 Tsay Jan 1986 A
4565189 Mabuctii Jan 1986 A
4566620 Green et al. Jan 1986 A
4569469 Mongeon et al. Feb 1986 A
4571213 Ishimoto Feb 1986 A
4573468 Conta et al. Mar 1986 A
4573469 Golden et al. Mar 1986 A
4573622 Green et al. Mar 1986 A
4576167 Noiles et al. Mar 1986 A
4580712 Green Apr 1986 A
4585153 Failla et al. Apr 1986 A
4589416 Green May 1986 A
4591085 Di Giovanni May 1986 A
4597753 Turley Jul 1986 A
4600037 Hatten Jul 1986 A
4604786 Howie, Jr. Aug 1986 A
4605001 Rothfuss et al. Aug 1986 A
4605004 Di Giovanni et al. Aug 1986 A
4606343 Conta et al. Aug 1986 A
4607638 Crainich Aug 1986 A
4608981 Rothfuss et al. Sep 1986 A
4610250 Green Sep 1986 A
4610383 Rothfuss et al. Sep 1986 A
4619262 Taylor Oct 1986 A
4619391 Sharkany et al. Oct 1986 A
4628459 Shinohara et al. Dec 1986 A
4629107 Fedotov et al. Dec 1986 A
4632290 Green et al. Dec 1986 A
4633874 Chow et al. Jan 1987 A
4634419 Kreizman et al. Jan 1987 A
4641076 Linden Feb 1987 A
4643731 Eckenhoff Feb 1987 A
4646722 Silverstein et al. Mar 1987 A
4655222 Florez et al. Apr 1987 A
4662555 Thornton May 1987 A
4663874 Sano et al. May 1987 A
4664305 Blake, III et al. May 1987 A
4665916 Green May 1987 A
4667674 Korthoff et al. May 1987 A
4669647 Storace Jun 1987 A
4671445 Barker et al. Jun 1987 A
4676245 Fukuda Jun 1987 A
4684051 Akopov et al. Aug 1987 A
4691703 Auth et al. Sep 1987 A
4693248 Failla Sep 1987 A
4700703 Resnick et al. Oct 1987 A
4708141 Inoue et al. Nov 1987 A
4709120 Pearson Nov 1987 A
4715520 Roehr, Jr. et al. Dec 1987 A
4719917 Barrows et al. Jan 1988 A
4727308 Huljak et al. Feb 1988 A
4728020 Green et al. Mar 1988 A
4728876 Mongeon et al. Mar 1988 A
4729260 Dudden Mar 1988 A
4730726 Holzwarth Mar 1988 A
4743214 Tai-Cheng May 1988 A
4747820 Hornlein et al. May 1988 A
4750902 Wuchinich et al. Jun 1988 A
4752024 Green et al. Jun 1988 A
4754909 Barker et al. Jul 1988 A
4767044 Green Aug 1988 A
4773420 Green Sep 1988 A
4777780 Holzwarth Oct 1988 A
4787387 Burbank, III et al. Nov 1988 A
4790225 Moody et al. Dec 1988 A
4805617 Bedi et al. Feb 1989 A
4805823 Rothfuss Feb 1989 A
4809695 Gwathmey et al. Mar 1989 A
4815460 Porat et al. Mar 1989 A
4817847 Redtenbacher et al. Apr 1989 A
4819853 Green Apr 1989 A
4821939 Green Apr 1989 A
4827911 Broadwin et al. May 1989 A
4830855 Stewart May 1989 A
4834720 Blinkhorn May 1989 A
4844068 Arata et al. Jul 1989 A
4848637 Pruitt Jul 1989 A
4856078 Konopka Aug 1989 A
4865030 Polyak Sep 1989 A
4868530 Ahs Sep 1989 A
4869414 Green et al. Sep 1989 A
4869415 Fox Sep 1989 A
4873977 Avant et al. Oct 1989 A
4875486 Rapoport et al. Oct 1989 A
4830015 Nierman Nov 1989 A
4890613 Golden et al. Jan 1990 A
4892244 Fox et al. Jan 1990 A
4893622 Green et al. Jan 1990 A
4896678 Ogawa Jan 1990 A
4900303 Lemelson Feb 1990 A
4903697 Resnick et al. Feb 1990 A
4915100 Green Apr 1990 A
4930503 Pruitt Jun 1990 A
4930674 Barak Jun 1990 A
4931047 Broadwin et al. Jun 1990 A
4932960 Green et al. Jun 1990 A
4933843 Scheller et al. Jun 1990 A
4938408 Bedi et al. Jul 1990 A
4941623 Pruitt Jul 1990 A
4943182 Hoblingre Jul 1990 A
4944443 Oddsen et al. Jul 1990 A
4951860 Peters et al. Aug 1990 A
4955959 Tompkins et al. Sep 1990 A
4965709 Ngo Oct 1990 A
4973274 Hirukawa Nov 1990 A
4978049 Green Dec 1990 A
4978333 Broadwin et al. Dec 1990 A
4986808 Broadwin et al. Jan 1991 A
4988334 Hornlein et al. Jan 1991 A
4996975 Nakamura Mar 1991 A
5002543 Bradshaw et al. Mar 1991 A
5002553 Shiber Mar 1991 A
5005754 Van Overloop Apr 1991 A
5009661 Michelson Apr 1991 A
5014899 Presty et al. May 1991 A
5015227 Broadwin et al. May 1991 A
5018515 Gilman May 1991 A
5018657 Pedlick et al. May 1991 A
5024671 Tu et al. Jun 1991 A
5027834 Pruitt Jul 1991 A
5031814 Tompkins et al. Jul 1991 A
5035040 Kerrigan et al. Jul 1991 A
5038109 Goble et al. Aug 1991 A
5040715 Green et al. Aug 1991 A
5042707 Taheri Aug 1991 A
5061269 Muller Oct 1991 A
5062563 Green et al. Nov 1991 A
5065929 Schulze et al. Nov 1991 A
5071052 Rodak et al. Dec 1991 A
5071430 de Salis et al. Dec 1991 A
5074454 Peters Dec 1991 A
5079006 Urquhart Jan 1992 A
5080556 Carreno Jan 1992 A
5083695 Foslien et al. Jan 1992 A
5084057 Green et al. Jan 1992 A
5088979 Filipi et al. Feb 1992 A
5088997 Delahuerga et al. Feb 1992 A
5094247 Hernandez et al. Mar 1992 A
5100420 Green et al. Mar 1992 A
5104025 Main et al. Apr 1992 A
5104397 Vasconcelos et al. Apr 1992 A
5106008 Tompkins et al. Apr 1992 A
5108368 Hammerslag et al. Apr 1992 A
5111987 Moeinzadeh et al. May 1992 A
5116349 Aranyi May 1992 A
5122156 Granger et al. Jun 1992 A
5124990 Williamson Jun 1992 A
5129570 Schulze et al. Jul 1992 A
5137198 Nobis et al. Aug 1992 A
5139513 Segato Aug 1992 A
5141144 Foslien et al. Aug 1992 A
5142932 Moya et al. Sep 1992 A
5155941 Takahashi et al. Oct 1992 A
5156315 Green et al. Oct 1992 A
5156609 Nakao et al. Oct 1992 A
5156614 Green et al. Oct 1992 A
5158567 Green Oct 1992 A
D330699 Gill Nov 1992 S
5163598 Peters et al. Nov 1992 A
5171247 Hughett et al. Dec 1992 A
5171249 Stefanchik et al. Dec 1992 A
5171253 Klieman et al. Dec 1992 A
5188111 Yates et al. Feb 1993 A
5190517 Zieve et al. Mar 1993 A
5190544 Chapman et al. Mar 1993 A
5190560 Woods et al. Mar 1993 A
5192288 Thompson et al. Mar 1993 A
5195968 Lundquist et al. Mar 1993 A
5197648 Gingold Mar 1993 A
5197649 Bessler et al. Mar 1993 A
5197966 Sommerkamp Mar 1993 A
5200280 Karasa Apr 1993 A
5205459 Brinkerhoff et al. Apr 1993 A
5207697 Carusillo et al. May 1993 A
5209747 Knoepfler May 1993 A
5211649 Kohler et al. May 1993 A
5211655 Hasson May 1993 A
5217457 Delahuerga et al. Jun 1993 A
5217478 Rexroth Jun 1993 A
5219111 Bilotti et al. Jun 1993 A
5221036 Takase Jun 1993 A
5221281 Klicek Jun 1993 A
5222963 Brinkerhoff et al. Jun 1993 A
5222975 Crainich Jun 1993 A
5222976 Yoon Jun 1993 A
5223675 Taft Jun 1993 A
5234447 Kaster et al. Aug 1993 A
5236440 Hlavacek Aug 1993 A
5239981 Anapliotis Aug 1993 A
5240163 Stein et al. Aug 1993 A
5242457 Akopov et al. Sep 1993 A
5244462 Delahuerga et al. Sep 1993 A
5246156 Rothfuss et al. Sep 1993 A
5246443 Mai Sep 1993 A
5253793 Green et al. Oct 1993 A
5258009 Conners Nov 1993 A
5258012 Luscombe et al. Nov 1993 A
5259366 Reydel et al. Nov 1993 A
5259835 Clark et al. Nov 1993 A
5260637 Pizzi Nov 1993 A
5263629 Trumbull et al. Nov 1993 A
5263973 Cook Nov 1993 A
5264218 Rogozinski Nov 1993 A
5268622 Philipp Dec 1993 A
5271543 Grant et al. Dec 1993 A
5271544 Fox et al. Dec 1993 A
RE34519 Fox et al. Jan 1994 E
5275323 Schulze et al. Jan 1994 A
5275608 Forman et al. Jan 1994 A
5279416 Malec et al. Jan 1994 A
5281216 Klicek Jan 1994 A
5282806 Haber et al. Feb 1994 A
5282829 Hermes Feb 1994 A
5284128 Hart Feb 1994 A
5285381 Iskarous et al. Feb 1994 A
5285945 Brinkerhoff et al. Feb 1994 A
5289963 McGarry et al. Mar 1994 A
5290271 Jernberg Mar 1994 A
5292053 Bilotti et al. Mar 1994 A
5297714 Kramer Mar 1994 A
5304204 Bregen Apr 1994 A
5307976 Olson et al. May 1994 A
5309387 Mori et al. May 1994 A
5309927 Welch May 1994 A
5312023 Green et al. May 1994 A
5312024 Grant et al. May 1994 A
5312329 Beaty et al. May 1994 A
5314424 Nicholas May 1994 A
5314445 Heidmueller et al. May 1994 A
5314466 Stern et al. May 1994 A
5318221 Green et al. Jun 1994 A
5330487 Thornton et al. Jul 1994 A
5330502 Hassler et al. Jul 1994 A
5332142 Robinson et al. Jul 1994 A
5333422 Warren et al. Aug 1994 A
5333772 Rothfuss et al. Aug 1994 A
5333773 Main et al. Aug 1994 A
5334183 Wuchinich Aug 1994 A
5336232 Green et al. Aug 1994 A
5339799 Kami et al. Aug 1994 A
5341724 Vatel Aug 1994 A
5341810 Dardel Aug 1994 A
5342381 Tidemand Aug 1994 A
5342395 Jarrett et al. Aug 1994 A
5342396 Cook Aug 1994 A
5343391 Mushabac Aug 1994 A
5344060 Gravener et al. Sep 1994 A
5344454 Clarke et al. Sep 1994 A
5346504 Ortiz et al. Sep 1994 A
5348259 Blanco et al. Sep 1994 A
5350388 Epstein Sep 1994 A
5350391 Iacovelli Sep 1994 A
5350400 Esposito et al. Sep 1994 A
5352229 Goble et al. Oct 1994 A
5352235 Koros et al. Oct 1994 A
5352238 Green et al. Oct 1994 A
5354303 Spaeth et al. Oct 1994 A
5356006 Alpern et al. Oct 1994 A
5358506 Green et al. Oct 1994 A
5358510 Luscombe et al. Oct 1994 A
5359231 Flowers et al. Oct 1994 A
D352780 Glaeser et al. Nov 1994 S
5360305 Kerrigan Nov 1994 A
5360428 Hutchinson, Jr. Nov 1994 A
5364001 Bryan Nov 1994 A
5364003 Williamson, IV Nov 1994 A
5366133 Geiste Nov 1994 A
5366134 Green et al. Nov 1994 A
5366479 McGarry et al. Nov 1994 A
5368015 Wilk Nov 1994 A
5368592 Stern et al. Nov 1994 A
5370645 Klicek et al. Dec 1994 A
5372124 Takayama et al. Dec 1994 A
5372596 Klicek et al. Dec 1994 A
5372602 Burke Dec 1994 A
5374277 Hassler Dec 1994 A
5376095 Ortiz Dec 1994 A
5379933 Green et al. Jan 1995 A
5381649 Webb Jan 1995 A
5381782 DeLaRama et al. Jan 1995 A
5382247 Cimino et al. Jan 1995 A
5383880 Hooven Jan 1995 A
5383881 Green et al. Jan 1995 A
5383888 Zvenyatsky et al. Jan 1995 A
5383895 Holmes et al. Jan 1995 A
5389098 Tsuruta et al. Feb 1995 A
5389104 Hahnen et al. Feb 1995 A
5391180 Tovey et al. Feb 1995 A
5392979 Green et al. Feb 1995 A
5395030 Kuramoto et al. Mar 1995 A
5395033 Byrne et al. Mar 1995 A
5395034 Allen et al. Mar 1995 A
5395312 Desai Mar 1995 A
5395384 Duthoit Mar 1995 A
5397046 Savage et al. Mar 1995 A
5397324 Carroll et al. Mar 1995 A
5403312 Yates et al. Apr 1995 A
5405072 Zlock et al. Apr 1995 A
5405073 Porter Apr 1995 A
5405344 Williamson et al. Apr 1995 A
5405360 Tovey Apr 1995 A
5407293 Crainich Apr 1995 A
5408409 Glassman Apr 1995 A
5409498 Braddock et al. Apr 1995 A
5411481 Allen et al. May 1995 A
5411508 Bessler et al. May 1995 A
5413107 Oakley et al. May 1995 A
5413267 Solyntjes et al. May 1995 A
5413268 Green et al. May 1995 A
5413272 Green et al. May 1995 A
5413573 Koivukangas May 1995 A
5415334 Williamson, IV et al. May 1995 A
5415335 Knodell, Jr. May 1995 A
5417203 Tovey et al. May 1995 A
5417361 Williamson, IV May 1995 A
5421829 Olichney et al. Jun 1995 A
5422567 Matsunaga Jun 1995 A
5423471 Mastri et al. Jun 1995 A
5423809 Klicek Jun 1995 A
5425745 Green et al. Jun 1995 A
5431322 Green et al. Jul 1995 A
5431654 Nic Jul 1995 A
5431668 Burbank, III et al. Jul 1995 A
5433721 Hooven et al. Jul 1995 A
5437681 Meade et al. Aug 1995 A
5438302 Goble Aug 1995 A
5439155 Viola Aug 1995 A
5439156 Grant et al. Aug 1995 A
5439479 Shichman et al. Aug 1995 A
5441191 Linden Aug 1995 A
5441193 Gravener Aug 1995 A
5441483 Avitall Aug 1995 A
5441494 Ortiz Aug 1995 A
5444113 Sinclair et al. Aug 1995 A
5445155 Sieben Aug 1995 A
5445304 Plyley et al. Aug 1995 A
5445644 Pietrafitta et al. Aug 1995 A
5447265 Vidal et al. Sep 1995 A
5447417 Kuhl et al. Sep 1995 A
5447513 Davison et al. Sep 1995 A
5449355 Rhum et al. Sep 1995 A
5449365 Green et al. Sep 1995 A
5449370 Vaitekunas Sep 1995 A
5452836 Huitema et al. Sep 1995 A
5452837 Wiliamson, IV et al. Sep 1995 A
5454378 Palmer et al. Oct 1995 A
5454827 Aust et al. Oct 1995 A
5456401 Green et al. Oct 1995 A
5458579 Chodorow et al. Oct 1995 A
5462215 Viola et al. Oct 1995 A
5464013 Lemelson Nov 1995 A
5464144 Guy et al. Nov 1995 A
5464300 Crainich Nov 1995 A
5465894 Clark et al. Nov 1995 A
5465895 Knodel et al. Nov 1995 A
5465896 Allen et al. Nov 1995 A
5466020 Page et al. Nov 1995 A
5467911 Tsuruta et al. Nov 1995 A
5468253 Bezwada et al. Nov 1995 A
5470006 Rodak Nov 1995 A
5470007 Plyley et al. Nov 1995 A
5470009 Rodak Nov 1995 A
5470010 Rothfuss et al. Nov 1995 A
5472132 Savage et al. Dec 1995 A
5472442 Klicek Dec 1995 A
5473204 Temple Dec 1995 A
5474057 Makower et al. Dec 1995 A
5474223 Viola et al. Dec 1995 A
5474566 Alesi et al. Dec 1995 A
5476206 Green et al. Dec 1995 A
5476479 Green et al. Dec 1995 A
5478003 Green et al. Dec 1995 A
5478354 Tovey et al. Dec 1995 A
5480089 Blewett Jan 1996 A
5480409 Riza Jan 1996 A
5482197 Green et al. Jan 1996 A
5484095 Green et al. Jan 1996 A
5484398 Stoddard Jan 1996 A
5484451 Akopov et al. Jan 1996 A
5485947 Olson et al. Jan 1996 A
5485952 Fontayne Jan 1996 A
5487499 Sorrentino et al. Jan 1996 A
5487500 Knodel et al. Jan 1996 A
5489058 Plyley et al. Feb 1996 A
5489256 Adair Feb 1996 A
5496312 Klicek Mar 1996 A
5496317 Goble et al. Mar 1996 A
5497933 DeFonzo et al. Mar 1996 A
5501654 Failla et al. Mar 1996 A
5503320 Webster et al. Apr 1996 A
5503635 Sauer et al. Apr 1996 A
5503638 Cooper et al. Apr 1996 A
5505363 Green et al. Apr 1996 A
5507426 Young et al. Apr 1996 A
5509596 Green et al. Apr 1996 A
5509916 Taylor Apr 1996 A
5511564 Wilk Apr 1996 A
5514129 Smith May 1996 A
5514157 Nicholas et al. May 1996 A
5518163 Hooven May 1996 A
5518164 Hooven May 1996 A
5520678 Heckele et al. May 1996 A
5520700 Beyar et al. May 1996 A
5522817 Sander et al. Jun 1996 A
5522831 Sleister et al. Jun 1996 A
5527320 Carruthers et al. Jun 1996 A
5529235 Boiarski et al. Jun 1996 A
D372086 Grasso et al. Jul 1996 S
5531305 Roberts et al. Jul 1996 A
5531744 Nardella et al. Jul 1996 A
5533521 Granger Jul 1996 A
5533581 Barth et al. Jul 1996 A
5533661 Main et al. Jul 1996 A
5535934 Boiarski et al. Jul 1996 A
5535935 Vidal et al. Jul 1996 A
5535937 Boiarski et al. Jul 1996 A
5540375 Bolanos et al. Jul 1996 A
5541376 Ladtkow et al. Jul 1996 A
5542594 McKean et al. Aug 1996 A
5542949 Yoon Aug 1996 A
5543119 Sutter et al. Aug 1996 A
5547117 Hamblin et al. Aug 1996 A
5549583 Sanford et al. Aug 1996 A
5549621 Bessler et al. Aug 1996 A
5549627 Kieturakis Aug 1996 A
5549628 Cooper et al. Aug 1996 A
5549637 Crainich Aug 1996 A
5551622 Yoon Sep 1996 A
5553675 Pitzen et al. Sep 1996 A
5553765 Knodel et al. Sep 1996 A
5554148 Aebischer et al. Sep 1996 A
5554169 Green et al. Sep 1996 A
5556416 Clark et al. Sep 1996 A
5558665 Kieturakis Sep 1996 A
5558671 Yates Sep 1996 A
5560530 Bolanos et al. Oct 1996 A
5560532 DeFonzo et al. Oct 1996 A
5561881 Klinger et al. Oct 1996 A
5562239 Boiarski et al. Oct 1996 A
5562241 Knodel et al. Oct 1996 A
5562682 Oberlin et al. Oct 1996 A
5562690 Green et al. Oct 1996 A
5562701 Huitema et al. Oct 1996 A
5562702 Huitema et al. Oct 1996 A
5563481 Krause Oct 1996 A
5564615 Bishop et al. Oct 1996 A
5569161 Ebling et al. Oct 1996 A
5569270 Weng Oct 1996 A
5569284 Young et al. Oct 1996 A
5571090 Sherts Nov 1996 A
5571100 Goble et al. Nov 1996 A
5571116 Bolanos et al. Nov 1996 A
5571285 Chow et al. Nov 1996 A
5571488 Beerstecher et al. Nov 1996 A
5573543 Akopov et al. Nov 1996 A
5574431 McKeown et al. Nov 1996 A
5575054 Klinzing et al. Nov 1996 A
5575789 Bell et al. Nov 1996 A
5575799 Bolanos et al. Nov 1996 A
5575803 Cooper et al. Nov 1996 A
5575805 Li Nov 1996 A
5577654 Bishop Nov 1996 A
5579978 Green et al. Dec 1996 A
5580067 Hamblin et al. Dec 1996 A
5582611 Tsuruta et al. Dec 1996 A
5582617 Klieman et al. Dec 1996 A
5584425 Savage et al. Dec 1996 A
5586711 Plyley et al. Dec 1996 A
5588579 Schnut et al. Dec 1996 A
5588580 Paul et al. Dec 1996 A
5588581 Conlon et al. Dec 1996 A
5591170 Spievack et al. Jan 1997 A
5591187 Dekel Jan 1997 A
5597107 Knodel et al. Jan 1997 A
5599151 Daum et al. Feb 1997 A
5599279 Slotman et al. Feb 1997 A
5599344 Paterson Feb 1997 A
5599350 Schulze et al. Feb 1997 A
5599852 Scopelianos et al. Feb 1997 A
5601224 Bishop et al. Feb 1997 A
5601573 Fogelberg et al. Feb 1997 A
5603443 Clark et al. Feb 1997 A
5605272 Witt et al. Feb 1997 A
5605273 Hamblin et al. Feb 1997 A
5607094 Clark et al. Mar 1997 A
5607095 Smith et al. Mar 1997 A
5607433 Polla et al. Mar 1997 A
5607450 Zvenyatsky et al. Mar 1997 A
5609285 Grant et al. Mar 1997 A
5609601 Kolesa et al. Mar 1997 A
5611709 McAnulty Mar 1997 A
5613966 Makower et al. Mar 1997 A
5615820 Viola Apr 1997 A
5618294 Aust et al. Apr 1997 A
5618303 Marlow et al. Apr 1997 A
5618307 Donlon et al. Apr 1997 A
5619992 Guthrie et al. Apr 1997 A
5620289 Curry Apr 1997 A
5620452 Yoon Apr 1997 A
5624398 Smith et al. Apr 1997 A
5624452 Yates Apr 1997 A
5626587 Bishop et al. May 1997 A
5626595 Sklar et al. May 1997 A
5628446 Geiste et al. May 1997 A
5628743 Cimino May 1997 A
5628745 Bek May 1997 A
5630539 Plyley et al. May 1997 A
5630540 Blewett May 1997 A
5630541 Williamson, IV et al. May 1997 A
5630782 Adair May 1997 A
5632432 Schulze et al. May 1997 A
5632433 Grant et al. May 1997 A
5634584 Okorocha et al. Jun 1997 A
5636779 Palmer Jun 1997 A
5636780 Green et al. Jun 1997 A
5639008 Gallagher et al. Jun 1997 A
5643291 Pier et al. Jul 1997 A
5645209 Green et al. Jul 1997 A
5647526 Green et al. Jul 1997 A
5647869 Goble et al. Jul 1997 A
5649937 Bito et al. Jul 1997 A
5649956 Jensen et al. Jul 1997 A
5651491 Heaton et al. Jul 1997 A
5653373 Green et al. Aug 1997 A
5653374 Young et al. Aug 1997 A
5653677 Okada et al. Aug 1997 A
5653721 Knodel et al. Aug 1997 A
5655698 Yoon Aug 1997 A
5657429 Wang et al. Aug 1997 A
5657921 Young et al. Aug 1997 A
5658238 Suzuki et al. Aug 1997 A
5658281 Heard Aug 1997 A
5658300 Bito et al. Aug 1997 A
5658307 Exconde Aug 1997 A
5662258 Knodel et al. Sep 1997 A
5662260 Yoon Sep 1997 A
5662662 Bishop et al. Sep 1997 A
5662667 Knodel et al. Sep 1997 A
5665085 Nardella Sep 1997 A
5667517 Hooven Sep 1997 A
5667526 Levin Sep 1997 A
5667527 Cook Sep 1997 A
5669544 Schulze et al. Sep 1997 A
5669904 Platt, Jr. et al. Sep 1997 A
5669907 Platt, Jr. et al. Sep 1997 A
5669918 Balazs et al. Sep 1997 A
5630932 Schulze et al. Oct 1997 A
5673840 Schulze et al. Oct 1997 A
5673841 Schulze et al. Oct 1997 A
5673842 Bittner et al. Oct 1997 A
5674286 D'Alessio et al. Oct 1997 A
5678748 Plyley et al. Oct 1997 A
5680981 Mililli et al. Oct 1997 A
5680983 Plyley et al. Oct 1997 A
5683349 Makower et al. Nov 1997 A
5686090 Schilder et al. Nov 1997 A
5688270 Yates et al. Nov 1997 A
5690269 Bolanos et al. Nov 1997 A
5692668 Schulze et al. Dec 1997 A
5693020 Rauh Dec 1997 A
5693042 Boiarski et al. Dec 1997 A
5693051 Schulze et al. Dec 1997 A
5695494 Becker Dec 1997 A
5695502 Pier et al. Dec 1997 A
5695504 Gifford, III et al. Dec 1997 A
5695524 Kelley et al. Dec 1997 A
5697542 Knodel et al. Dec 1997 A
5697543 Burdorff Dec 1997 A
5697909 Eggers et al. Dec 1997 A
5697943 Sauer et al. Dec 1997 A
5700270 Peyser et al. Dec 1997 A
5702387 Arts et al. Dec 1997 A
5702408 Wales et al. Dec 1997 A
5702409 Rayburn et al. Dec 1997 A
5704087 Strub Jan 1998 A
5704534 Huitema et al. Jan 1998 A
5706997 Green et al. Jan 1998 A
5706998 Plyley et al. Jan 1998 A
5707392 Kortenbach Jan 1998 A
5709334 Sorrentino et al. Jan 1998 A
5709680 Yates et al. Jan 1998 A
5709706 Kienzle et al. Jan 1998 A
5711472 Bryan Jan 1998 A
5712460 Carr et al. Jan 1998 A
5713128 Schrenk et al. Feb 1998 A
5713505 Hultema Feb 1998 A
5713895 Lontine et al. Feb 1998 A
5713896 Nardella Feb 1998 A
5713920 Bezwada et al. Feb 1998 A
5715987 Kelley et al. Feb 1998 A
5715988 Palmer Feb 1998 A
5716366 Yates Feb 1998 A
5718359 Palmer et al. Feb 1998 A
5718360 Green et al. Feb 1998 A
5718548 Costellessa Feb 1998 A
5718714 Livneh Feb 1998 A
5720744 Eggleston et al. Feb 1998 A
D393067 Geary et al. Mar 1998 S
5725536 Oberlin et al. Mar 1998 A
5725554 Simon et al. Mar 1998 A
5728110 Vidal et al. Mar 1998 A
5728121 Bimbo et al. Mar 1998 A
5730758 Allgeyer Mar 1998 A
5732821 Stone et al. Mar 1998 A
5732871 Clark et al. Mar 1998 A
5732872 Bolduc et al. Mar 1998 A
5733308 Daugherty et al. Mar 1998 A
5735445 Vidal et al. Apr 1998 A
5735848 Yates et al. Apr 1998 A
5735874 Measamer et al. Apr 1998 A
5738474 Blewett Apr 1998 A
5738648 Lands et al. Apr 1998 A
5743456 Jones et al. Apr 1998 A
5747953 Philipp May 1998 A
5749889 Bacich et al. May 1998 A
5749893 Vidal et al. May 1998 A
5752644 Bolanos et al. May 1998 A
5752965 Francis et al. May 1998 A
5755717 Yates et al. May 1998 A
5758814 Gallagher et al. Jun 1998 A
5762255 Chrisman et al. Jun 1998 A
5762256 Mastri et al. Jun 1998 A
5766188 Igaki Jun 1998 A
5766205 Zvenyatsky et al. Jun 1998 A
5769748 Eyerly et al. Jun 1998 A
5769892 Kingwell Jun 1998 A
5772379 Evensen Jun 1998 A
5772578 Heimberger et al. Jun 1998 A
5772659 Becker et al. Jun 1998 A
5776130 Buysse et al. Jul 1998 A
5778939 Hok-Yin Jul 1998 A
5779130 Alesi et al. Jul 1998 A
5779131 Knodel et al. Jul 1998 A
5779132 Knodel et al. Jul 1998 A
5782396 Mastri Jul 1998 A
5782397 Koukline Jul 1998 A
5782749 Riza Jul 1998 A
5782859 Nicholas et al. Jul 1998 A
5784934 Izumisawa Jul 1998 A
5785232 Vidal et al. Jul 1998 A
5785647 Tompkins et al. Jul 1998 A
5787897 Kieturakis Aug 1998 A
5792135 Madhani et al. Aug 1998 A
5792165 Klieman et al. Aug 1998 A
5794834 Hamblin et al. Aug 1998 A
5796188 Bays Aug 1998 A
5797536 Smith et al. Aug 1998 A
5797537 Oberlin et al. Aug 1998 A
5797538 Heaton et al. Aug 1998 A
5797906 Rhum et al. Aug 1998 A
5797959 Castro et al. Aug 1998 A
5799857 Robertson et al. Sep 1998 A
5800379 Edwards Sep 1998 A
5800423 Jensen Sep 1998 A
5806676 Wasgien Sep 1998 A
5807376 Viola et al. Sep 1998 A
5807378 Jensen et al. Sep 1998 A
5807393 Williamson, IV et al. Sep 1998 A
5809441 McKee Sep 1998 A
5810721 Mueller et al. Sep 1998 A
5810811 Yates et al. Sep 1998 A
5810846 Virnich et al. Sep 1998 A
5810855 Rayburn et al. Sep 1998 A
5813813 Daum et al. Sep 1998 A
5814055 Knodel et al. Sep 1998 A
5814057 Oi et al. Sep 1998 A
5816471 Plyley et al. Oct 1998 A
5817084 Jensen Oct 1998 A
5817091 Nardella et al. Oct 1998 A
5817093 Williamson, IV et al. Oct 1998 A
5817109 McGarry et al. Oct 1998 A
5817119 Klieman et al. Oct 1998 A
5820009 Melling et al. Oct 1998 A
5823066 Huitema et al. Oct 1998 A
5824333 Scopelianos et al. Oct 1998 A
5826776 Schulze et al. Oct 1998 A
5827271 Buysse et al. Oct 1998 A
5827298 Hart et al. Oct 1998 A
5829662 Allen et al. Nov 1998 A
5833690 Yates et al. Nov 1998 A
5833695 Yoon Nov 1998 A
5833696 Whitfield et al. Nov 1998 A
5836503 Ehrenfels et al. Nov 1998 A
5836960 Kolesa et al. Nov 1998 A
5839639 Sauer et al. Nov 1998 A
5843021 Edwards et al. Dec 1998 A
5843096 Igaki et al. Dec 1998 A
5843097 Mayenberger et al. Dec 1998 A
5843122 Riza Dec 1998 A
5843132 Ilvento Dec 1998 A
5843169 Taheri Dec 1998 A
5846254 Schulze et al. Dec 1998 A
5849011 Jones et al. Dec 1998 A
5849023 Mericle Dec 1998 A
5855311 Hamblin et al. Jan 1999 A
5855583 Wang et al. Jan 1999 A
5860581 Robertson et al. Jan 1999 A
5860975 Goble et al. Jan 1999 A
5865361 Milliman et al. Feb 1999 A
5868760 McGuckin, Jr. Feb 1999 A
5871135 Williamson IV et al. Feb 1999 A
5873885 Weidenbenner Feb 1999 A
5876401 Schulze et al. Mar 1999 A
5878193 Wang et al. Mar 1999 A
5878607 Nunes et al. Mar 1999 A
5878937 Green et al. Mar 1999 A
5878938 Bittner et al. Mar 1999 A
5891160 Williamson, IV et al. Apr 1999 A
5893506 Powell Apr 1999 A
5893835 Witt et al. Apr 1999 A
5893878 Pierce Apr 1999 A
5894979 Powell Apr 1999 A
5897552 Edwards et al. Apr 1999 A
5897562 Bolanos et al. Apr 1999 A
5899914 Zirps et al. May 1999 A
5901895 Heaton et al. May 1999 A
5902312 Frater et al. May 1999 A
5903117 Gregory May 1999 A
5904647 Ouchi May 1999 A
5904693 Dicesare et al. May 1999 A
5904702 Ek et al. May 1999 A
5906625 Bito et al. May 1999 A
5908402 Blythe Jun 1999 A
5908427 McKean et al. Jun 1999 A
5911353 Bolanos et al. Jun 1999 A
5915616 Viola et al. Jun 1999 A
5916225 Kugel Jun 1999 A
5918791 Sorrentino et al. Jul 1999 A
5919198 Graves, Jr. et al. Jul 1999 A
5921956 Grinberg et al. Jul 1999 A
5928256 Riza Jul 1999 A
5931847 Bittner et al. Aug 1999 A
5931853 McEwen et al. Aug 1999 A
5937951 Izuchukwu et al. Aug 1999 A
5938667 Peyser et al. Aug 1999 A
5941442 Geiste et al. Aug 1999 A
5941890 Voegele et al. Aug 1999 A
5944172 Hannula Aug 1999 A
5944715 Goble et al. Aug 1999 A
5947984 Whipple Sep 1999 A
5948030 Miller et al. Sep 1999 A
5951516 Bunyan Sep 1999 A
5951552 Long et al. Sep 1999 A
5951574 Stefanchik et al. Sep 1999 A
5951581 Saadat et al. Sep 1999 A
5954259 Viola et al. Sep 1999 A
5964394 Robertson Oct 1999 A
5964774 McKean et al. Oct 1999 A
5971916 Koren Oct 1999 A
5973221 Collyer et al. Oct 1999 A
5977746 Hershberger et al. Nov 1999 A
5984949 Levin Nov 1999 A
5988479 Palmer Nov 1999 A
5997528 Bisch et al. Dec 1999 A
5997552 Person et al. Dec 1999 A
6001108 Wang et al. Dec 1999 A
6003517 Sheffield et al. Dec 1999 A
6004319 Goble et al. Dec 1999 A
6004335 Vaitekunas et al. Dec 1999 A
6010054 Johnson et al. Jan 2000 A
6010513 Törmälä et al. Jan 2000 A
6012494 Balazs Jan 2000 A
6013076 Goble et al. Jan 2000 A
6015406 Goble et al. Jan 2000 A
6015417 Reynolds, Jr. Jan 2000 A
6017322 Snoke et al. Jan 2000 A
6017354 Culp Jan 2000 A
6017356 Frederick et al. Jan 2000 A
6018227 Kumar et al. Jan 2000 A
6022352 Vandewalle Feb 2000 A
6024741 Williamson, IV et al. Feb 2000 A
6024748 Manzo et al. Feb 2000 A
6024764 Schroeppel Feb 2000 A
6027501 Goble et al. Feb 2000 A
6032849 Mastri et al. Mar 2000 A
6033378 Lundquist et al. Mar 2000 A
6033399 Gines Mar 2000 A
6033427 Lee Mar 2000 A
6037724 Buss et al. Mar 2000 A
6037927 Rosenberg Mar 2000 A
6039733 Buysse et al. Mar 2000 A
6039734 Goble Mar 2000 A
6042601 Smith Mar 2000 A
6045560 McKean et al. Apr 2000 A
6047861 Vidal et al. Apr 2000 A
6049145 Austin et al. Apr 2000 A
6050472 Shibata Apr 2000 A
6050990 Tankovich et al. Apr 2000 A
6050996 Schmaltz et al. Apr 2000 A
6053390 Green et al. Apr 2000 A
6053922 Krause et al. Apr 2000 A
RE36720 Green et al. May 2000 E
6056735 Okada et al. May 2000 A
6056746 Goble et al. May 2000 A
6062360 Shields May 2000 A
6063095 Wang et al. May 2000 A
6063097 Oi et al. May 2000 A
6063098 Houser et al. May 2000 A
6065679 Levie et al. May 2000 A
6065919 Peck May 2000 A
6066132 Chen et al. May 2000 A
6068627 Orszulak et al. May 2000 A
6071233 Ishikawa et al. Jun 2000 A
6074386 Goble et al. Jun 2000 A
6074401 Gardiner et al. Jun 2000 A
6077286 Cuschieri et al. Jun 2000 A
6079606 Milliman et al. Jun 2000 A
6080181 Jensen et al. Jun 2000 A
6033234 Nicholas et al. Jul 2000 A
6033242 Cook Jul 2000 A
6036544 Hibner et al. Jul 2000 A
6036600 Kortenbach Jul 2000 A
6082577 Coates et al. Jul 2000 A
6083191 Rose Jul 2000 A
6090106 Goble et al. Jul 2000 A
6093186 Goble Jul 2000 A
6099537 Sugai et al. Aug 2000 A
6099551 Gabbay Aug 2000 A
6102271 Longo et al. Aug 2000 A
6104304 Clark et al. Aug 2000 A
6106511 Jensen Aug 2000 A
6109500 Alli et al. Aug 2000 A
6117148 Ravo et al. Sep 2000 A
6117158 Measamer et al. Sep 2000 A
6119913 Adams et al. Sep 2000 A
6120433 Mizuno et al. Sep 2000 A
6120462 Hibner et al. Sep 2000 A
6123241 Walter et al. Sep 2000 A
H1904 Yates et al. Oct 2000 H
6126058 Adams et al. Oct 2000 A
6126359 Dittrich et al. Oct 2000 A
6126670 Walker et al. Oct 2000 A
6131789 Schulze et al. Oct 2000 A
6131790 Piraka Oct 2000 A
6132368 Cooper Oct 2000 A
6139546 Koenig et al. Oct 2000 A
6149660 Laufer et al. Nov 2000 A
6152935 Kammerer et al. Nov 2000 A
6155473 Tompkins et al. Dec 2000 A
6156056 Kearns et al. Dec 2000 A
6159146 El Gazayerli Dec 2000 A
6159200 Verdura et al. Dec 2000 A
6159224 Yoon Dec 2000 A
6162208 Hipps Dec 2000 A
6162537 Martin et al. Dec 2000 A
6165175 Wampler et al. Dec 2000 A
6165184 Verdura et al. Dec 2000 A
6165188 Saadat et al. Dec 2000 A
6168605 Measamer et al. Jan 2001 B1
6171305 Sherman Jan 2001 B1
6171316 Kovac et al. Jan 2001 B1
6171330 Benchetrit Jan 2001 B1
6174308 Goble et al. Jan 2001 B1
6174309 Wrublewski et al. Jan 2001 B1
6175290 Forsythe et al. Jan 2001 B1
6179195 Adams et al. Jan 2001 B1
6179776 Adams et al. Jan 2001 B1
6181105 Cutolo et al. Jan 2001 B1
6182673 Kindermann et al. Feb 2001 B1
6187003 Buysse et al. Feb 2001 B1
6190386 Rydell Feb 2001 B1
6193129 Bittner et al. Feb 2001 B1
6197042 Ginn et al. Mar 2001 B1
6200330 Benderev et al. Mar 2001 B1
6202914 Geiste et al. Mar 2001 B1
6206897 Jamiolkowski et al. Mar 2001 B1
6206904 Ouchi Mar 2001 B1
6210403 Klicek Apr 2001 B1
6213999 Platt, Jr. et al. Apr 2001 B1
6214028 Yoon et al. Apr 2001 B1
6220368 Ark et al. Apr 2001 B1
6223100 Green Apr 2001 B1
6223835 Habedank et al. May 2001 B1
6224617 Saadat et al. May 2001 B1
6228081 Goble May 2001 B1
6228083 Lands et al. May 2001 B1
6228084 Kirwan, Jr. May 2001 B1
6231565 Tovey et al. May 2001 B1
6234178 Goble et al. May 2001 B1
6241139 Milliman et al. Jun 2001 B1
6241140 Adams et al. Jun 2001 B1
6241723 Heim et al. Jun 2001 B1
6245084 Mark et al. Jun 2001 B1
6248116 Chevillon et al. Jun 2001 B1
6248117 Blatter Jun 2001 B1
6249076 Madden et al. Jun 2001 B1
6249105 Andrews et al. Jun 2001 B1
6250532 Green et al. Jun 2001 B1
6258107 Balázs et al. Jul 2001 B1
6261286 Goble et al. Jul 2001 B1
6264037 Whitman Jul 2001 B1
6264086 McGuckin, Jr. Jul 2001 B1
6270508 Klieman et al. Aug 2001 B1
6273876 Klima et al. Aug 2001 B1
6273897 Dalessandro et al. Aug 2001 B1
6277114 Bullivant et al. Aug 2001 B1
6293942 Goble et al. Sep 2001 B1
6296640 Wampler et al. Oct 2001 B1
6302311 Adams et al. Oct 2001 B1
6305891 Burlingame Oct 2001 B1
6306134 Goble et al. Oct 2001 B1
6306149 Meade Oct 2001 B1
6309403 Minor et al. Oct 2001 B1
6315184 Whitman Nov 2001 B1
6320123 Reimers Nov 2001 B1
6322494 Bullivant et al. Nov 2001 B1
6324339 Hudson et al. Nov 2001 B1
6325799 Goble Dec 2001 B1
6325810 Hamilton et al. Dec 2001 B1
6330965 Milliman et al. Dec 2001 B1
6331181 Tierney et al. Dec 2001 B1
6331761 Kumar et al. Dec 2001 B1
6333029 Vyakarnam et al. Dec 2001 B1
6334860 Dom Jan 2002 B1
6334861 Chandler et al. Jan 2002 B1
6336926 Goble Jan 2002 B1
6338737 Toledano Jan 2002 B1
6343731 Adams et al. Feb 2002 B1
6346077 Taylor et al. Feb 2002 B1
6352503 Matsui et al. Mar 2002 B1
6352532 Kramer et al. Mar 2002 B1
6355699 Vyakarnam et al. Mar 2002 B1
6356072 Chass Mar 2002 B1
6358224 Tims et al. Mar 2002 B1
6364877 Goble et al. Apr 2002 B1
6364888 Niemeyer et al. Apr 2002 B1
6370981 Watarai Apr 2002 B2
6373152 Wang et al. Apr 2002 B1
6383201 Dong May 2002 B1
6387113 Hawkins et al. May 2002 B1
6387114 Adams May 2002 B2
6391038 Vargas et al. May 2002 B2
6392854 O'Gorman May 2002 B1
6398781 Goble et al. Jun 2002 B1
6398797 Bombard et al. Jun 2002 B2
6402766 Bowman et al. Jun 2002 B2
6406440 Stefanchik Jun 2002 B1
6406472 Jensen Jun 2002 B1
6409724 Penny et al. Jun 2002 B1
H2037 Yates et al. Jul 2002 H
6413274 Pedros Jul 2002 B1
6416486 Wampler Jul 2002 B1
6416509 Goble et al. Jul 2002 B1
6419695 Gabbay Jul 2002 B1
6423079 Blake, III Jul 2002 B1
RE37814 Allgeyer Aug 2002 E
6428070 Takanashi et al. Aug 2002 B1
6429611 Li Aug 2002 B1
6430298 Kettl et al. Aug 2002 B1
6432065 Burdorff et al. Aug 2002 B1
6436097 Nardella Aug 2002 B1
6436107 Wang et al. Aug 2002 B1
6436110 Bowman et al. Aug 2002 B2
6436122 Frank et al. Aug 2002 B1
6439439 Rickard et al. Aug 2002 B1
6439446 Perry et al. Aug 2002 B1
6440146 Nicholas et al. Aug 2002 B2
6441577 Blumenkranz et al. Aug 2002 B2
6443973 Whitman Sep 2002 B1
6447518 Krause et al. Sep 2002 B1
6447864 Johnson et al. Sep 2002 B2
6450391 Kayan et al. Sep 2002 B1
6450989 Dubrul et al. Sep 2002 B2
6454781 Witt et al. Sep 2002 B1
6468275 Wampler et al. Oct 2002 B1
6471106 Reining Oct 2002 B1
6471659 Eggers et al. Oct 2002 B2
6478210 Adams et al. Nov 2002 B2
6482200 Shippert Nov 2002 B2
6485490 Wampler et al. Nov 2002 B2
6485667 Tan Nov 2002 B1
6488196 Fenton, Jr. Dec 2002 B1
6488197 Whitman Dec 2002 B1
6491201 Whitman Dec 2002 B1
6491690 Goble et al. Dec 2002 B1
6491701 Tierney et al. Dec 2002 B2
6492785 Kasten et al. Dec 2002 B1
6494896 D'Alessio et al. Dec 2002 B1
6498480 Manara Dec 2002 B1
6500176 Truckai et al. Dec 2002 B1
6500194 Benderev et al. Dec 2002 B2
6503257 Grant et al. Jan 2003 B2
6503259 Huxel et al. Jan 2003 B2
6505768 Whitman Jan 2003 B2
6510854 Goble Jan 2003 B2
6511468 Cragg et al. Jan 2003 B1
6512360 Goto et al. Jan 2003 B1
6517528 Pantages et al. Feb 2003 B1
6517535 Edwards Feb 2003 B2
6517565 Whitman et al. Feb 2003 B1
6517566 Hovland et al. Feb 2003 B1
6522101 Malackowski Feb 2003 B2
6527782 Hogg et al. Mar 2003 B2
6527785 Sancoff et al. Mar 2003 B2
6533157 Whitman Mar 2003 B1
6533784 Truckai et al. Mar 2003 B2
6535764 Imran et al. Mar 2003 B2
6543456 Freeman Apr 2003 B1
6545384 Pelrine et al. Apr 2003 B1
6547786 Goble Apr 2003 B1
6550546 Thurler et al. Apr 2003 B2
6551333 Kuhns et al. Apr 2003 B2
6554861 Knox et al. Apr 2003 B2
6555770 Kawase Apr 2003 B2
6558378 Sherman et al. May 2003 B2
6558379 Batchelor et al. May 2003 B1
6565560 Goble et al. May 2003 B1
6566619 Gillman et al. May 2003 B2
6569085 Kortenbach et al. May 2003 B2
6569171 DeGuillebon et al. May 2003 B2
6578751 Haltwick Jun 2003 B2
6582427 Goble et al. Jun 2003 B1
6582441 He et al. Jun 2003 B1
6583533 Pelrine et al. Jun 2003 B2
6585144 Adams et al. Jul 2003 B2
6585664 Burdorff Jul 2003 B2
6587750 Gerbi et al. Jul 2003 B2
6588643 Bolduc et al. Jul 2003 B2
6588931 Betzner et al. Jul 2003 B2
6589164 Flaherty Jul 2003 B1
6592538 Hotchkiss et al. Jul 2003 B1
6592597 Grant et al. Jul 2003 B2
6596296 Nelson et al. Jul 2003 B1
6596304 Bayon et al. Jul 2003 B1
6596432 Kawakami et al. Jul 2003 B2
D478665 Isaacs et al. Aug 2003 S
D478986 Johnston et al. Aug 2003 S
6601749 Sullivan et al. Aug 2003 B2
6602252 Mollenauer Aug 2003 B2
6602262 Griego et al. Aug 2003 B2
6605078 Adams Aug 2003 B2
6605669 Awokola et al. Aug 2003 B2
6607475 Doyle et al. Aug 2003 B2
6611793 Burnside et al. Aug 2003 B1
6613069 Boyd et al. Sep 2003 B2
6616686 Coleman et al. Sep 2003 B2
6619529 Green et al. Sep 2003 B2
6620166 Wenstrom, Jr. et al. Sep 2003 B1
6626834 Dunne et al. Sep 2003 B2
6629630 Adams Oct 2003 B2
6629974 Penny et al. Oct 2003 B2
6629988 Weadock Oct 2003 B2
6635838 Kornelson Oct 2003 B1
6636412 Smith Oct 2003 B2
6638108 Tachi Oct 2003 B2
6638285 Gabbay Oct 2003 B2
6638297 Huitema Oct 2003 B1
RE38335 Aust et al. Nov 2003 E
6641528 Torii Nov 2003 B2
6644532 Green et al. Nov 2003 B2
6645201 Utley et al. Nov 2003 B1
6646307 Yu et al. Nov 2003 B1
6648816 Irion et al. Nov 2003 B2
6652595 Nicolo Nov 2003 B1
D484243 Ryan et al. Dec 2003 S
D484595 Ryan et al. Dec 2003 S
D484596 Ryan et al. Dec 2003 S
6656177 Truckai et al. Dec 2003 B2
6656193 Grant et al. Dec 2003 B2
6663623 Oyama et al. Dec 2003 B1
6663641 Kovac et al. Dec 2003 B1
6666854 Lange Dec 2003 B1
6666875 Sakurai et al. Dec 2003 B1
6667825 Lu et al. Dec 2003 B2
6669073 Milliman et al. Dec 2003 B2
6671185 Duval Dec 2003 B2
D484977 Ryan et al. Jan 2004 S
6676660 Wampler et al. Jan 2004 B2
6679269 Swanson Jan 2004 B2
6679410 Würsch et al. Jan 2004 B2
6681978 Geiste et al. Jan 2004 B2
6681979 Whitman Jan 2004 B2
6682527 Strul Jan 2004 B2
6682528 Frazier et al. Jan 2004 B2
6685727 Fisher et al. Feb 2004 B2
6689153 Skiba Feb 2004 B1
6692507 Pugsley et al. Feb 2004 B2
6695198 Adams et al. Feb 2004 B2
6695199 Whitman Feb 2004 B2
6695774 Hale et al. Feb 2004 B2
6697048 Rosenberg et al. Feb 2004 B2
6698643 Whitman Mar 2004 B2
6699235 Wallace et al. Mar 2004 B2
6704210 Myers Mar 2004 B1
6705503 Pedicini et al. Mar 2004 B1
6709445 Boebel et al. Mar 2004 B2
6712773 Viola Mar 2004 B1
6716223 Leopold et al. Apr 2004 B2
6716232 Vidal et al. Apr 2004 B1
6716233 Whitman Apr 2004 B1
6722552 Fenton, Jr. Apr 2004 B2
6723087 O'Neill et al. Apr 2004 B2
6723091 Goble et al. Apr 2004 B2
6726697 Nicholas et al. Apr 2004 B2
6726706 Dominguez Apr 2004 B2
6729119 Schnipke et al. May 2004 B2
6736825 Blatter et al. May 2004 B2
6736854 Vadurro et al. May 2004 B2
6740030 Martone et al. May 2004 B2
6747121 Gogolewski Jun 2004 B2
6749560 Konstorum et al. Jun 2004 B1
6752768 Burdorff et al. Jun 2004 B2
6752816 Culp et al. Jun 2004 B2
6755195 Lemke et al. Jun 2004 B1
6755338 Hahnen et al. Jun 2004 B2
6758846 Goble et al. Jul 2004 B2
6761685 Adams et al. Jul 2004 B2
6762339 Klun et al. Jul 2004 B1
6764445 Ramans et al. Jul 2004 B2
6767352 Field et al. Jul 2004 B2
6767356 Kanner et al. Jul 2004 B2
6769590 Vresh et al. Aug 2004 B2
6769594 Orban, III Aug 2004 B2
6770027 Banik et al. Aug 2004 B2
6770070 Balbierz Aug 2004 B1
6770072 Truckai et al. Aug 2004 B1
6773409 Truckai et al. Aug 2004 B2
6773438 Knodel et al. Aug 2004 B1
6775575 Bommannan et al. Aug 2004 B2
6777838 Miekka et al. Aug 2004 B2
6780151 Grabover et al. Aug 2004 B2
6780180 Goble et al. Aug 2004 B1
6783524 Anderson et al. Aug 2004 B2
6786382 Hoffman Sep 2004 B1
6786864 Matsuura et al. Sep 2004 B2
6786896 Madani et al. Sep 2004 B1
6788018 Blumenkranz Sep 2004 B1
6790173 Saadat et al. Sep 2004 B2
6793652 Whitman et al. Sep 2004 B1
6793661 Hamilton et al. Sep 2004 B2
6793663 Kneifel et al. Sep 2004 B2
6793669 Nakamura et al. Sep 2004 B2
6802843 Truckai et al. Oct 2004 B2
6805273 Bilotti et al. Oct 2004 B2
6806808 Watters et al. Oct 2004 B1
6808525 Latterell et al. Oct 2004 B2
6814741 Bowman et al. Nov 2004 B2
6817508 Racenet et al. Nov 2004 B1
6817509 Geiste et al. Nov 2004 B2
6817974 Cooper et al. Nov 2004 B2
6818018 Sawhney Nov 2004 B1
6820791 Adams Nov 2004 B2
6821273 Mollenauer Nov 2004 B2
6821282 Perry et al. Nov 2004 B2
6821284 Sturtz et al. Nov 2004 B2
6827246 Sullivan et al. Dec 2004 B2
6827712 Tovey et al. Dec 2004 B2
6827725 Batchelor et al. Dec 2004 B2
6828902 Casden Dec 2004 B2
6830174 Hillstead et al. Dec 2004 B2
6831629 Nishino et al. Dec 2004 B2
6832998 Goble Dec 2004 B2
6834001 Myono Dec 2004 B2
6835173 Couvillon, Jr. Dec 2004 B2
6835199 McGuckin, Jr. et al. Dec 2004 B2
6835336 Watt Dec 2004 B2
6837846 Jaffe et al. Jan 2005 B2
6837883 Moll et al. Jan 2005 B2
6838493 Williams et al. Jan 2005 B2
6840423 Adams et al. Jan 2005 B2
6843403 Whitman Jan 2005 B2
6843789 Goble Jan 2005 B2
6843793 Brock et al. Jan 2005 B2
6846307 Whitman et al. Jan 2005 B2
6846308 Whitman et al. Jan 2005 B2
6846309 Whitman et al. Jan 2005 B2
6849071 Whitman et al. Feb 2005 B2
6850817 Green Feb 2005 B1
6853879 Sunaoshi Feb 2005 B2
6858005 Ohline et al. Feb 2005 B2
RE38708 Bolanos et al. Mar 2005 E
6861142 Wilkie et al. Mar 2005 B1
6863694 Boyce et al. Mar 2005 B1
6866173 Adams et al. Mar 2005 B2
6866671 Tierney et al. Mar 2005 B2
6867248 Martin et al. Mar 2005 B1
6869430 Balbierz et al. Mar 2005 B2
6869435 Blake, III Mar 2005 B2
6872214 Sonnenschein et al. Mar 2005 B2
6874669 Adams et al. Apr 2005 B2
6877647 Green et al. Apr 2005 B2
6878106 Herrmann Apr 2005 B1
6839116 Jinno May 2005 B2
6893435 Goble May 2005 B2
6899538 Matoba May 2005 B2
6905057 Swayze et al. Jun 2005 B2
6905497 Truckai et al. Jun 2005 B2
6905498 Hoover Jun 2005 B2
6908472 Wiener et al. Jun 2005 B2
6911033 de Guillebon et al. Jun 2005 B2
6911916 Wang et al. Jun 2005 B1
6913579 Truckai et al. Jul 2005 B2
6913608 Liddicoat et al. Jul 2005 B2
6913613 Schwarz et al. Jul 2005 B2
6921397 Corcoran et al. Jul 2005 B2
6921412 Black et al. Jul 2005 B1
6923093 Ullah Aug 2005 B2
6923803 Goble Aug 2005 B2
6926716 Baker et al. Aug 2005 B2
6929641 Goble et al. Aug 2005 B2
6929644 Truckai et al. Aug 2005 B2
6931830 Liao Aug 2005 B2
6932218 Kosann et al. Aug 2005 B2
6932810 Ryan Aug 2005 B2
6936042 Wallace et al. Aug 2005 B2
6936948 Bell et al. Aug 2005 B2
6939358 Palacios et al. Sep 2005 B2
6942662 Goble et al. Sep 2005 B2
6945444 Gresham et al. Sep 2005 B2
6945981 Donofrio et al. Sep 2005 B2
6953138 Dworak et al. Oct 2005 B1
6953139 Milliman et al. Oct 2005 B2
6958035 Friedman et al. Oct 2005 B2
6959851 Heinrich Nov 2005 B2
6959852 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2005 B2
6960107 Schaub et al. Nov 2005 B1
6960163 Ewers et al. Nov 2005 B2
6960220 Marino et al. Nov 2005 B2
6962587 Johnson et al. Nov 2005 B2
6963792 Green Nov 2005 B1
6964363 Wales et al. Nov 2005 B2
6966907 Goble Nov 2005 B2
6966909 Marshall et al. Nov 2005 B2
6971988 Orban, III Dec 2005 B2
6972199 Lebouitz et al. Dec 2005 B2
6974462 Sater Dec 2005 B2
6978921 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2005 B2
6978922 Bilotti et al. Dec 2005 B2
6981628 Wales Jan 2006 B2
6981941 Whitman et al. Jan 2006 B2
6981978 Gannoe Jan 2006 B2
6984203 Tartaglia et al. Jan 2006 B2
6984231 Goble et al. Jan 2006 B2
6986451 Mastri et al. Jan 2006 B1
6988649 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2006 B2
6988650 Schwemberger et al. Jan 2006 B2
6990796 Schnipke et al. Jan 2006 B2
6993413 Sunaoshi Jan 2006 B2
6994708 Manzo Feb 2006 B2
6995729 Govari et al. Feb 2006 B2
6997931 Sauer et al. Feb 2006 B2
6997935 Anderson Feb 2006 B2
6998736 Lee et al. Feb 2006 B2
6998816 Wieck et al. Feb 2006 B2
7000818 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2006 B2
7000819 Swayze et al. Feb 2006 B2
7001380 Goble Feb 2006 B2
7001408 Knodel et al. Feb 2006 B2
7008435 Cummins Mar 2006 B2
7009039 Yayon et al. Mar 2006 B2
7011657 Truckai et al. Mar 2006 B2
7018357 Emmons Mar 2006 B2
7018390 Turovskiy et al. Mar 2006 B2
7021669 Lindermeir et al. Apr 2006 B1
7025743 Mann et al. Apr 2006 B2
7029435 Nakao Apr 2006 B2
7029439 Roberts et al. Apr 2006 B2
7032798 Whitman et al. Apr 2006 B2
7032799 Viola et al. Apr 2006 B2
7033356 Latterell et al. Apr 2006 B2
7036680 Flannery May 2006 B1
7037344 Kagan et al. May 2006 B2
7041102 Truckai et al. May 2006 B2
7041868 Greene et al. May 2006 B2
7043852 Hayashida et al. May 2006 B2
7044350 Kameyama et al. May 2006 B2
7044352 Shelton, IV et al. May 2006 B2
7044353 Mastri et al. May 2006 B2
7048687 Reuss et al. May 2006 B1
7048745 Tierney et al. May 2006 B2
7052494 Goble et al. May 2006 B2
7052499 Steger et al. May 2006 B2
7055730 Ehrenfels et al. Jun 2006 B2
7055731 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2006 B2
7056284 Martone et al. Jun 2006 B2
7056330 Gayton Jun 2006 B2
7059331 Adams et al. Jun 2006 B2
7059508 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2006 B2
7063671 Couvillon, Jr. Jun 2006 B2
7063712 Vargas et al. Jun 2006 B2
7066879 Fowler et al. Jun 2006 B2
7066944 Laufer et al. Jun 2006 B2
7067038 Trokhan et al. Jun 2006 B2
7030769 Vresh et al. Jul 2006 B2
7070083 Jankowski Jul 2006 B2
7070559 Adams et al. Jul 2006 B2
7070597 Truckai et al. Jul 2006 B2
7071287 Rhine et al. Jul 2006 B2
7075770 Smith Jul 2006 B1
7077856 Whitman Jul 2006 B2
7081114 Rashidi Jul 2006 B2
7083073 Yoshie et al. Aug 2006 B2
7083075 Swayze et al. Aug 2006 B2
7083571 Wang et al. Aug 2006 B2
7083615 Peterson et al. Aug 2006 B2
7083619 Truckai et al. Aug 2006 B2
7083620 Jahns et al. Aug 2006 B2
7087054 Truckai et al. Aug 2006 B2
7087071 Nicholas et al. Aug 2006 B2
7090637 Danitz et al. Aug 2006 B2
7090673 Dycus et al. Aug 2006 B2
7090683 Brock et al. Aug 2006 B2
7090684 McGuckin, Jr. et al. Aug 2006 B2
7094202 Nobis et al. Aug 2006 B2
7094247 Monassevitch et al. Aug 2006 B2
7097089 Marczyk Aug 2006 B2
7097644 Long Aug 2006 B2
7097650 Weller et al. Aug 2006 B2
7098794 Lindsay et al. Aug 2006 B2
7100949 Williams et al. Sep 2006 B2
7101394 Hamm et al. Sep 2006 B2
7104741 Krohn Sep 2006 B2
7108695 Witt et al. Sep 2006 B2
7108701 Evens et al. Sep 2006 B2
7108709 Cummins Sep 2006 B2
7111769 Wales et al. Sep 2006 B2
7112214 Peterson et al. Sep 2006 B2
RE39358 Goble Oct 2006 E
7114642 Whitman Oct 2006 B2
7118582 Wang et al. Oct 2006 B1
7121446 Arad et al. Oct 2006 B2
7122028 Looper et al. Oct 2006 B2
7125409 Truckai et al. Oct 2006 B2
7126303 Farritor et al. Oct 2006 B2
7126879 Snyder Oct 2006 B2
7128253 Mastri et al. Oct 2006 B2
7128254 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2006 B2
7128748 Mooradian et al. Oct 2006 B2
7131445 Amoah Nov 2006 B2
7133601 Phillips et al. Nov 2006 B2
7134587 Schwemberger et al. Nov 2006 B2
7137980 Buysse et al. Nov 2006 B2
7137981 Long Nov 2006 B2
7139016 Squilla et al. Nov 2006 B2
7140527 Ehrenfels et al. Nov 2006 B2
7140528 Shelton, IV Nov 2006 B2
7143923 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2006 B2
7143924 Scirica et al. Dec 2006 B2
7143925 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2006 B2
7143926 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2006 B2
7147138 Shelton, IV Dec 2006 B2
7147139 Schwemberger et al. Dec 2006 B2
7147140 Wukusick et al. Dec 2006 B2
7147637 Goble Dec 2006 B2
7147650 Lee Dec 2006 B2
7150748 Ebbutt et al. Dec 2006 B2
7153300 Goble Dec 2006 B2
7155316 Sutherland et al. Dec 2006 B2
7156863 Sonnenschein et al. Jan 2007 B2
7159750 Racenet et al. Jan 2007 B2
7160296 Pearson et al. Jan 2007 B2
7160299 Baily Jan 2007 B2
7161036 Oikawa et al. Jan 2007 B2
7166133 Evans et al. Jan 2007 B2
7168604 Milliman et al. Jan 2007 B2
7171279 Buckingham et al. Jan 2007 B2
7172104 Scirica et al. Feb 2007 B2
7172593 Trieu et al. Feb 2007 B2
7179223 Motoki et al. Feb 2007 B2
7179267 Nolan et al. Feb 2007 B2
7182239 Myers Feb 2007 B1
7182763 Nardella Feb 2007 B2
7183737 Kitagawa Feb 2007 B2
7188758 Viola et al. Mar 2007 B2
7189207 Viola Mar 2007 B2
7195627 Amoah et al. Mar 2007 B2
7199537 Okamura et al. Apr 2007 B2
7202653 Pai Apr 2007 B2
7204835 Latterell et al. Apr 2007 B2
7207233 Wadge Apr 2007 B2
7207471 Heinrich et al. Apr 2007 B2
7207472 Wukusick et al. Apr 2007 B2
7207556 Saitoh et al. Apr 2007 B2
7208005 Frecker et al. Apr 2007 B2
7210609 Leiboff et al. May 2007 B2
7211081 Goble May 2007 B2
7211084 Goble et al. May 2007 B2
7211092 Hughett May 2007 B2
7211979 Khatib et al. May 2007 B2
7213736 Wales et al. May 2007 B2
7214224 Goble May 2007 B2
7215517 Takamatsu May 2007 B2
7217285 Vargas et al. May 2007 B2
7220260 Fleming et al. May 2007 B2
7220272 Weadock May 2007 B2
7225963 Scirica Jun 2007 B2
7225964 Mastri et al. Jun 2007 B2
7234624 Gresham et al. Jun 2007 B2
7235089 McGuckin, Jr. Jun 2007 B1
7235302 Jing et al. Jun 2007 B2
7237708 Guy et al. Jul 2007 B1
7238195 Viola Jul 2007 B2
7238901 Kim et al. Jul 2007 B2
7241288 Braun Jul 2007 B2
7246734 Shelton, IV Jul 2007 B2
7247161 Johnston et al. Jul 2007 B2
7249267 Chapius Jul 2007 B2
7252660 Kunz Aug 2007 B2
7255696 Goble et al. Aug 2007 B2
7256695 Hamel et al. Aug 2007 B2
7258262 Mastri et al. Aug 2007 B2
7258546 Beier et al. Aug 2007 B2
7260431 Libbus et al. Aug 2007 B2
7265374 Lee et al. Sep 2007 B2
7267679 McGuckin, Jr. et al. Sep 2007 B2
7273483 Wiener et al. Sep 2007 B2
7278562 Mastri et al. Oct 2007 B2
7278563 Green Oct 2007 B1
7278949 Bader Oct 2007 B2
7278994 Goble Oct 2007 B2
7282048 Goble et al. Oct 2007 B2
7286850 Frielink et al. Oct 2007 B2
7287682 Ezzat et al. Oct 2007 B1
7293685 Ehrenfels et al. Nov 2007 B2
7295893 Sunaoshi Nov 2007 B2
7295907 Lu et al. Nov 2007 B2
7296722 Ivanko Nov 2007 B2
7296724 Green et al. Nov 2007 B2
7297149 Vitali et al. Nov 2007 B2
7300373 Jinno et al. Nov 2007 B2
7300450 Vleugels et al. Nov 2007 B2
7303106 Milliman et al. Dec 2007 B2
7303107 Milliman et al. Dec 2007 B2
7303108 Shelton, IV Dec 2007 B2
7303502 Thompson Dec 2007 B2
7303556 Metzger Dec 2007 B2
7306597 Manzo Dec 2007 B2
7308998 Mastri et al. Dec 2007 B2
7322859 Evans Jan 2008 B2
7322975 Goble et al. Jan 2008 B2
7322994 Nicholas et al. Jan 2008 B2
7324572 Chang Jan 2008 B2
7326203 Papineau et al. Feb 2008 B2
7326213 Benderev et al. Feb 2008 B2
7328828 Ortiz et al. Feb 2008 B2
7328829 Arad et al. Feb 2008 B2
7330004 DeJonge et al. Feb 2008 B2
7331340 Barney Feb 2008 B2
7334717 Rethy et al. Feb 2008 B2
7334718 McAlister et al. Feb 2008 B2
7335199 Goble et al. Feb 2008 B2
7336048 Lohr Feb 2008 B2
7336184 Smith et al. Feb 2008 B2
7338513 Lee et al. Mar 2008 B2
7341591 Grinberg Mar 2008 B2
7343920 Toby et al. Mar 2008 B2
7344532 Goble et al. Mar 2008 B2
7344533 Pearson et al. Mar 2008 B2
7346344 Fontaine Mar 2008 B2
7348763 Reinhart et al. Mar 2008 B1
RE40237 Bilotti et al. Apr 2008 E
7351258 Ricotta et al. Apr 2008 B2
7354447 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2008 B2
7354502 Polat et al. Apr 2008 B2
7357287 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2008 B2
7357806 Rivera et al. Apr 2008 B2
7361195 Schwartz et al. Apr 2008 B2
7364060 Milliman Apr 2008 B2
7364061 Swayze et al. Apr 2008 B2
7377918 Amoah May 2008 B2
7377928 Zubik et al. May 2008 B2
7336365 Nixon Jun 2008 B2
7380695 Doll et al. Jun 2008 B2
7380696 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2008 B2
7384417 Cucin Jun 2008 B2
7386730 Uchikubo Jun 2008 B2
7388217 Buschbeck et al. Jun 2008 B2
7388484 Hsu Jun 2008 B2
7391173 Schena Jun 2008 B2
7396356 Mollenauer Jul 2008 B2
7397364 Govari Jul 2008 B2
7398907 Racenet et al. Jul 2008 B2
7398908 Holsten et al. Jul 2008 B2
7400752 Zacharias Jul 2008 B2
7401721 Holsten et al. Jul 2008 B2
7404508 Smith et al. Jul 2008 B2
7404509 Ortiz et al. Jul 2008 B2
7404822 Viart et al. Jul 2008 B2
7407074 Ortiz et al. Aug 2008 B2
7407075 Holsten et al. Aug 2008 B2
7407076 Racenet et al. Aug 2008 B2
7407077 Ortiz et al. Aug 2008 B2
7407078 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2008 B2
7410086 Ortiz et al. Aug 2008 B2
7413563 Corcoran et al. Aug 2008 B2
7416101 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2008 B2
7418078 Blanz et al. Aug 2008 B2
RE40514 Mastri et al. Sep 2008 E
7419080 Smith et al. Sep 2008 B2
7419081 Ehrenfels et al. Sep 2008 B2
7419495 Menn et al. Sep 2008 B2
7422136 Marczyk Sep 2008 B1
7422138 Bilotti et al. Sep 2008 B2
7422139 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2008 B2
7424965 Racenet et al. Sep 2008 B2
7427607 Suzuki Sep 2008 B2
7431188 Marczyk Oct 2008 B1
7431189 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2008 B2
7431694 Stefanchik et al. Oct 2008 B2
7431730 Viola Oct 2008 B2
7434715 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2008 B2
7434717 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2008 B2
7438209 Hess et al. Oct 2008 B1
7438718 Milliman et al. Oct 2008 B2
7439354 Lenges et al. Oct 2008 B2
7441684 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2008 B2
7441685 Boudreaux Oct 2008 B1
7442201 Pugsley et al. Oct 2008 B2
7443547 Moreno et al. Oct 2008 B2
7448525 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2008 B2
7451904 Shelton, IV Nov 2008 B2
7455208 Wales et al. Nov 2008 B2
7455676 Holsten et al. Nov 2008 B2
7455682 Viola Nov 2008 B2
7461767 Viola et al. Dec 2008 B2
7462187 Johnston et al. Dec 2008 B2
7464846 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2008 B2
7464847 Viola et al. Dec 2008 B2
7464849 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2008 B2
7467740 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2008 B2
7467849 Silverbrook et al. Dec 2008 B2
7472814 Mastri et al. Jan 2009 B2
7472815 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2009 B2
7472816 Holsten et al. Jan 2009 B2
7473253 Dycus et al. Jan 2009 B2
7473263 Johnston et al. Jan 2009 B2
7476237 Taniguchi et al. Jan 2009 B2
7479608 Smith Jan 2009 B2
7481347 Roy Jan 2009 B2
7481348 Marczyk Jan 2009 B2
7481349 Holsten et al. Jan 2009 B2
7481824 Boudreaux et al. Jan 2009 B2
7485133 Cannon et al. Feb 2009 B2
7485142 Milo Feb 2009 B2
7487899 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2009 B2
7490749 Schall et al. Feb 2009 B2
7494039 Racenet et al. Feb 2009 B2
7494499 Nagase et al. Feb 2009 B2
7494501 Ahlberg et al. Feb 2009 B2
7500979 Hueil et al. Mar 2009 B2
7501198 Barlev et al. Mar 2009 B2
7503474 Hillstead et al. Mar 2009 B2
7506790 Shelton, IV Mar 2009 B2
7506791 Omaits et al. Mar 2009 B2
7507202 Schoellhorn Mar 2009 B2
7510107 Timm et al. Mar 2009 B2
7510566 Jacobs et al. Mar 2009 B2
7513408 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2009 B2
7517356 Heinrich Apr 2009 B2
7524320 Tierney et al. Apr 2009 B2
7530984 Sonnenschein et al. May 2009 B2
7530985 Takemoto et al. May 2009 B2
7533906 Luettgen et al. May 2009 B2
7534259 Lashinski et al. May 2009 B2
7540867 Jinno et al. Jun 2009 B2
7542807 Bertolero et al. Jun 2009 B2
7546939 Adams et al. Jun 2009 B2
7546940 Milliman et al. Jun 2009 B2
7547312 Bauman et al. Jun 2009 B2
7549563 Mather et al. Jun 2009 B2
7549564 Boudreaux Jun 2009 B2
7549998 Braun Jun 2009 B2
7552854 Wixey et al. Jun 2009 B2
7553173 Kowalick Jun 2009 B2
7556185 Viola Jul 2009 B2
7556186 Milliman Jul 2009 B2
7556647 Drews et al. Jul 2009 B2
7559449 Viola Jul 2009 B2
7559450 Wales et al. Jul 2009 B2
7559452 Wales et al. Jul 2009 B2
7559937 de la Torre et al. Jul 2009 B2
7562910 Kertesz et al. Jul 2009 B2
7563862 Sieg et al. Jul 2009 B2
7565993 Milliman et al. Jul 2009 B2
7566300 Devierre et al. Jul 2009 B2
7567045 Fristedt Jul 2009 B2
7568603 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2009 B2
7568604 Ehrenfels et al. Aug 2009 B2
7568619 Todd et al. Aug 2009 B2
7575144 Ortiz et al. Aug 2009 B2
7583063 Dooley Sep 2009 B2
7588174 Holsten et al. Sep 2009 B2
7588175 Timm et al. Sep 2009 B2
7588176 Timm et al. Sep 2009 B2
7588177 Racenet Sep 2009 B2
7591783 Boulais et al. Sep 2009 B2
7591818 Bertolero et al. Sep 2009 B2
7597229 Boudreaux et al. Oct 2009 B2
7597230 Racenet et al. Oct 2009 B2
7597693 Garrison Oct 2009 B2
7600663 Green Oct 2009 B2
7604150 Boudreaux Oct 2009 B2
7604151 Hess et al. Oct 2009 B2
7607557 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2009 B2
7611038 Racenet et al. Nov 2009 B2
7611474 Hibner et al. Nov 2009 B2
7615003 Stefanchik et al. Nov 2009 B2
7615067 Lee et al. Nov 2009 B2
7617961 Viola Nov 2009 B2
7624902 Marczyk et al. Dec 2009 B2
7624903 Green et al. Dec 2009 B2
7625370 Hart et al. Dec 2009 B2
7631793 Rethy et al. Dec 2009 B2
7631794 Rethy et al. Dec 2009 B2
7635074 Olson et al. Dec 2009 B2
7637409 Marczyk Dec 2009 B2
7637410 Marczyk Dec 2009 B2
7638958 Philipp et al. Dec 2009 B2
7641091 Olson et al. Jan 2010 B2
7641092 Kruszynski et al. Jan 2010 B2
7641093 Doll et al. Jan 2010 B2
7641095 Viola Jan 2010 B2
7644783 Roberts et al. Jan 2010 B2
7644848 Swayze et al. Jan 2010 B2
7645230 Mikkaichi et al. Jan 2010 B2
7648519 Lee et al. Jan 2010 B2
7650185 Maile et al. Jan 2010 B2
7651017 Ortiz et al. Jan 2010 B2
7651498 Shifrin et al. Jan 2010 B2
7654431 Hueil et al. Feb 2010 B2
7655288 Bauman et al. Feb 2010 B2
7656131 Embrey et al. Feb 2010 B2
7658311 Boudreaux Feb 2010 B2
7658312 Vidal et al. Feb 2010 B2
7659219 Biran et al. Feb 2010 B2
7662161 Briganti et al. Feb 2010 B2
7665646 Prommersberger Feb 2010 B2
7665647 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2010 B2
7669746 Shelton, IV Mar 2010 B2
7669747 Weisenburgh, II et al. Mar 2010 B2
7670334 Hueil et al. Mar 2010 B2
7673760 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2010 B2
7673781 Swayze et al. Mar 2010 B2
7673782 Hess et al. Mar 2010 B2
7673783 Morgan et al. Mar 2010 B2
7674253 Fisher et al. Mar 2010 B2
7674255 Braun Mar 2010 B2
7674263 Ryan Mar 2010 B2
7674270 Layer Mar 2010 B2
7682307 Danitz et al. Mar 2010 B2
7682367 Shah et al. Mar 2010 B2
7686201 Csiky Mar 2010 B2
7686804 Johnson et al. Mar 2010 B2
7686826 Lee et al. Mar 2010 B2
7688028 Phillips et al. Mar 2010 B2
7691098 Wallace et al. Apr 2010 B2
7691103 Fernandez et al. Apr 2010 B2
7691106 Schenberger et al. Apr 2010 B2
7694865 Scirica Apr 2010 B2
7695485 Whitman et al. Apr 2010 B2
7699204 Viola Apr 2010 B2
7699835 Lee et al. Apr 2010 B2
7699844 Utley et al. Apr 2010 B2
7699846 Ryan Apr 2010 B2
7699856 Van Wyk et al. Apr 2010 B2
7699859 Bombard et al. Apr 2010 B2
7699860 Huitema et al. Apr 2010 B2
7703653 Shah et al. Apr 2010 B2
7708180 Murray et al. May 2010 B2
7708181 Cole et al. May 2010 B2
7708758 Lee et al. May 2010 B2
7712182 Zeiler et al. May 2010 B2
7713190 Brock May 2010 B2
7714239 Smith May 2010 B2
7717312 Beetel May 2010 B2
7717313 Criscuolo et al. May 2010 B2
7717846 Zirps et al. May 2010 B2
7718180 Karp May 2010 B2
7718556 Matsuda et al. May 2010 B2
7721930 McKenna et al. May 2010 B2
7721931 Shelton, IV et al. May 2010 B2
7721933 Ehrenfels et al. May 2010 B2
7721934 Shelton, IV et al. May 2010 B2
7721936 Shalton, IV et al. May 2010 B2
7722527 Bouchier et al. May 2010 B2
7722607 Dumbauld et al. May 2010 B2
7722610 Viola et al. May 2010 B2
7726537 Olson et al. Jun 2010 B2
7726538 Holsten et al. Jun 2010 B2
7726539 Holsten et al. Jun 2010 B2
7727954 McKay Jun 2010 B2
7729742 Govari Jun 2010 B2
7731072 Timm et al. Jun 2010 B2
7731073 Wixey et al. Jun 2010 B2
7731724 Huitema et al. Jun 2010 B2
7735703 Morgan et al. Jun 2010 B2
7736374 Vaughan et al. Jun 2010 B2
7738971 Swayze et al. Jun 2010 B2
7740159 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2010 B2
7742036 Grant et al. Jun 2010 B2
7743960 Whitman et al. Jun 2010 B2
7744624 Bettuchi Jun 2010 B2
7744627 Orban, III et al. Jun 2010 B2
7744628 Viola Jun 2010 B2
7748567 Haramiishi et al. Jul 2010 B2
7749204 Dhanaraj et al. Jul 2010 B2
7751870 Whitman Jul 2010 B2
7753245 Boudreaux et al. Jul 2010 B2
7753246 Scirica Jul 2010 B2
7753904 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2010 B2
7758612 Shipp Jul 2010 B2
7766207 Mather et al. Aug 2010 B2
7766209 Baxter, III et al. Aug 2010 B2
7766210 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2010 B2
7766821 Brunnen et al. Aug 2010 B2
7766894 Weitzner et al. Aug 2010 B2
7770773 Whitman et al. Aug 2010 B2
7770774 Mastri et al. Aug 2010 B2
7770775 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2010 B2
7770776 Chen et al. Aug 2010 B2
7771396 Stefanchik et al. Aug 2010 B2
7772720 McGee et al. Aug 2010 B2
7776037 Odom Aug 2010 B2
7776060 Mooradian et al. Aug 2010 B2
7776065 Griffiths et al. Aug 2010 B2
7778004 Nerheim et al. Aug 2010 B2
7780054 Wales Aug 2010 B2
7780055 Scirica et al. Aug 2010 B2
7780663 Yates et al. Aug 2010 B2
7780685 Hunt et al. Aug 2010 B2
7784662 Wales et al. Aug 2010 B2
7784663 Shelton, IV Aug 2010 B2
7787256 Chan et al. Aug 2010 B2
7789875 Brock et al. Sep 2010 B2
7789883 Takashino et al. Sep 2010 B2
7789889 Zubik et al. Sep 2010 B2
7793812 Moore et al. Sep 2010 B2
7794475 Hess et al. Sep 2010 B2
7798386 Schall et al. Sep 2010 B2
7799039 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2010 B2
7799044 Johnston et al. Sep 2010 B2
7799965 Patel et al. Sep 2010 B2
7803151 Whitman Sep 2010 B2
7806891 Nowlin et al. Oct 2010 B2
7810690 Bilotti et al. Oct 2010 B2
7810691 Boyden et al. Oct 2010 B2
7810692 Hall et al. Oct 2010 B2
7810693 Broehl et al. Oct 2010 B2
7815092 Whitman et al. Oct 2010 B2
7815565 Stefanchik et al. Oct 2010 B2
7819296 Hueil et al. Oct 2010 B2
7819297 Doll et al. Oct 2010 B2
7819298 Hall et al. Oct 2010 B2
7819299 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2010 B2
7819884 Lee et al. Oct 2010 B2
7819886 Whitfield et al. Oct 2010 B2
7823592 Bettuchi et al. Nov 2010 B2
7823760 Zemlok et al. Nov 2010 B2
7824401 Manzo et al. Nov 2010 B2
7824426 Racenet et al. Nov 2010 B2
7828189 Holsten et al. Nov 2010 B2
7828794 Sartor Nov 2010 B2
7828808 Hinman et al. Nov 2010 B2
7831292 Quaid et al. Nov 2010 B2
7832408 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2010 B2
7832611 Boyden et al. Nov 2010 B2
7832612 Baxter, III et al. Nov 2010 B2
7833234 Bailly et al. Nov 2010 B2
7836400 May et al. Nov 2010 B2
7837079 Holsten et al. Nov 2010 B2
7837080 Schwemberger Nov 2010 B2
7837081 Holsten et al. Nov 2010 B2
7837694 Tethrake et al. Nov 2010 B2
7838789 Stoffers et al. Nov 2010 B2
7841503 Sonnenschein et al. Nov 2010 B2
7842025 Coleman et al. Nov 2010 B2
7842028 Lee Nov 2010 B2
7845533 Marczyk et al. Dec 2010 B2
7845534 Viola et al. Dec 2010 B2
7845535 Scircia Dec 2010 B2
7845536 Viola et al. Dec 2010 B2
7845537 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2010 B2
7846149 Jankowski Dec 2010 B2
7850642 Moll et al. Dec 2010 B2
7850982 Stopek et al. Dec 2010 B2
7854736 Ryan Dec 2010 B2
7857135 Swayze et al. Dec 2010 B2
7857183 Shelton, IV Dec 2010 B2
7857186 Baxter, III et al. Dec 2010 B2
7857813 Schmitz et al. Dec 2010 B2
7861906 Doll et al. Jan 2011 B2
7862579 Ortiz et al. Jan 2011 B2
7866525 Scirica Jan 2011 B2
7866527 Hall et al. Jan 2011 B2
7866528 Olson et al. Jan 2011 B2
7870989 Viola et al. Jan 2011 B2
7871418 Thompson et al. Jan 2011 B2
7879070 Ortiz et al. Feb 2011 B2
7883465 Donofrio et al. Feb 2011 B2
7886951 Hessler Feb 2011 B2
7886952 Scirica et al. Feb 2011 B2
7887530 Zemlok et al. Feb 2011 B2
7887535 Lands et al. Feb 2011 B2
7891531 Ward Feb 2011 B1
7891532 Mastri et al. Feb 2011 B2
7892245 Liddicoat et al. Feb 2011 B2
7893586 West et al. Feb 2011 B2
7896214 Farascioni Mar 2011 B2
7896215 Adams et al. Mar 2011 B2
7896877 Hall et al. Mar 2011 B2
7896895 Boudreaux et al. Mar 2011 B2
7900805 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2011 B2
7905380 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2011 B2
7905381 Baxter, III et al. Mar 2011 B2
7905889 Catanese, III et al. Mar 2011 B2
7905902 Huitema et al. Mar 2011 B2
7909191 Baker et al. Mar 2011 B2
7909220 Viola Mar 2011 B2
7909221 Viola et al. Mar 2011 B2
7913891 Doll et al. Mar 2011 B2
7913893 Mastri et al. Mar 2011 B2
7914543 Roth et al. Mar 2011 B2
7914551 Ortiz et al. Mar 2011 B2
7918230 Whitman et al. Apr 2011 B2
7918376 Knodel et al. Apr 2011 B1
7918377 Measamer et al. Apr 2011 B2
7918848 Lau et al. Apr 2011 B2
7918867 Dana et al. Apr 2011 B2
7922061 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2011 B2
7922063 Zemlok et al. Apr 2011 B2
7922743 Heinrich et al. Apr 2011 B2
7923144 Kohn et al. Apr 2011 B2
7926691 Viola et al. Apr 2011 B2
7927328 Orszulak et al. Apr 2011 B2
7928281 Augustine Apr 2011 B2
7930065 Larkin et al. Apr 2011 B2
7931660 Aranyi et al. Apr 2011 B2
7931695 Ringeisen Apr 2011 B2
7934630 Shelton, IV et al. May 2011 B2
7934631 Balbierz et al. May 2011 B2
7935773 Hadba et al. May 2011 B2
7938307 Bettuchi May 2011 B2
7941865 Semen, Jr. et al. May 2011 B2
7942303 Shah May 2011 B2
7942890 D'Agostino et al. May 2011 B2
7944175 Mori et al. May 2011 B2
7945792 Cherpantier May 2011 B2
7950560 Zemlok et al. May 2011 B2
7950561 Aranyi May 2011 B2
7951071 Whitman et al. May 2011 B2
7951166 Orban et al. May 2011 B2
7954682 Giordano et al. Jun 2011 B2
7954684 Boudreaux Jun 2011 B2
7954686 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2011 B2
7954687 Zernlok et al. Jun 2011 B2
7955257 Frasier et al. Jun 2011 B2
7955322 Devengenzo et al. Jun 2011 B2
7955380 Chu et al. Jun 2011 B2
7959050 Smith et al. Jun 2011 B2
7959051 Smith et al. Jun 2011 B2
7959052 Sonnensehein et al. Jun 2011 B2
7963432 Knodel et al. Jun 2011 B2
7963433 Whitman et al. Jun 2011 B2
7963963 Francischelli et al. Jun 2011 B2
7963964 Santilli et al. Jun 2011 B2
7964206 Suokas et al. Jun 2011 B2
7966799 Morgan et al. Jun 2011 B2
7967178 Scirica et al. Jun 2011 B2
7967179 Olson et al. Jun 2011 B2
7967180 Scirica Jun 2011 B2
7967181 Viola et al. Jun 2011 B2
7967839 Flock et al. Jun 2011 B2
7972298 Wallace et al. Jul 2011 B2
7980443 Scheib et al. Jul 2011 B2
7987405 Turner et al. Jul 2011 B2
7988026 Knodel et al. Aug 2011 B2
7988027 Olson et al. Aug 2011 B2
7988028 Farascioni et al. Aug 2011 B2
7992757 Wheeler et al. Aug 2011 B2
7993360 Hacker et al. Aug 2011 B2
7994670 Ji Aug 2011 B2
7997468 Farascioni Aug 2011 B2
7997469 Olson et al. Aug 2011 B2
8002696 Suzuki Aug 2011 B2
8002784 Jinno et al. Aug 2011 B2
8002785 Weiss et al. Aug 2011 B2
8002795 Beetel Aug 2011 B2
8006365 Levin et al. Aug 2011 B2
8006885 Marczyk Aug 2011 B2
8006889 Adams et al. Aug 2011 B2
8007511 Brock et al. Aug 2011 B2
8011550 Aranyi et al. Sep 2011 B2
8011551 Marczyk et al. Sep 2011 B2
8011553 Mastri et al. Sep 2011 B2
8011555 Tarinelli et al. Sep 2011 B2
8012170 Whitman et al. Sep 2011 B2
8016176 Kasvikis et al. Sep 2011 B2
8016177 Bettuchi et al. Sep 2011 B2
8016178 Olson et al. Sep 2011 B2
8016855 Whitman et al. Sep 2011 B2
8016858 Whitman Sep 2011 B2
8016881 Furst Sep 2011 B2
8020742 Marczyk Sep 2011 B2
8020743 Shelton, IV Sep 2011 B2
8021375 Aldrich et al. Sep 2011 B2
8025199 Whitman et al. Sep 2011 B2
8028883 Stopek Oct 2011 B2
8028884 Sniffin et al. Oct 2011 B2
8028885 Smith et al. Oct 2011 B2
8034077 Smith et al. Oct 2011 B2
8034363 Li et al. Oct 2011 B2
8037591 Spivey et al. Oct 2011 B2
8038045 Bettuchi et al. Oct 2011 B2
8038046 Smith et al. Oct 2011 B2
8038686 Huitema et al. Oct 2011 B2
8043207 Adams Oct 2011 B2
8043328 Hahnen et al. Oct 2011 B2
8044536 Nguyen et al. Oct 2011 B2
8047236 Perry Nov 2011 B2
8048503 Farnsworth et al. Nov 2011 B2
8056787 Boudreaux et al. Nov 2011 B2
8056788 Mastri et al. Nov 2011 B2
8057508 Shelton, IV Nov 2011 B2
8058771 Giordano et al. Nov 2011 B2
8060250 Reiland et al. Nov 2011 B2
8061576 Cappola Nov 2011 B2
8062330 Prommersberger et al. Nov 2011 B2
8063619 Zhu et al. Nov 2011 B2
8066167 Measamer et al. Nov 2011 B2
8066168 Vidal et al. Nov 2011 B2
D650074 Hunt et al. Dec 2011 S
8070033 Milliman et al. Dec 2011 B2
8070035 Holsten et al. Dec 2011 B2
8070743 Kagan et al. Dec 2011 B2
8075571 Vitali et al. Dec 2011 B2
8079950 Stern et al. Dec 2011 B2
8080004 Downey et al. Dec 2011 B2
8083118 Milliman et al. Dec 2011 B2
8083119 Prommersberger Dec 2011 B2
8083120 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2011 B2
8084001 Burns et al. Dec 2011 B2
8085013 Wei et al. Dec 2011 B2
8087563 Milliman et al. Jan 2012 B2
8089509 Chatenever et al. Jan 2012 B2
8091756 Viola Jan 2012 B2
8092443 Bischoff Jan 2012 B2
8092932 Phillips et al. Jan 2012 B2
8096458 Hessler Jan 2012 B2
8097017 Viola Jan 2012 B2
8100310 Zemlok Jan 2012 B2
8100872 Patel Jan 2012 B2
8102278 Deck et al. Jan 2012 B2
8105350 Lee et al. Jan 2012 B2
8107925 Natsuno et al. Jan 2012 B2
8108072 Zhao et al. Jan 2012 B2
8109426 Milliman et al. Feb 2012 B2
8110208 Hen Feb 2012 B1
8113405 Milliman Feb 2012 B2
8113410 Hall et al. Feb 2012 B2
8114100 Smith et al. Feb 2012 B2
8122128 Burke Feb 2012 B2
8123103 Milliman Feb 2012 B2
8123766 Bauman et al. Feb 2012 B2
8123767 Bauman et al. Feb 2012 B2
8125168 Johnson et al. Feb 2012 B2
8127975 Olson et al. Mar 2012 B2
8127976 Scirica et al. Mar 2012 B2
8128624 Couture et al. Mar 2012 B2
8128643 Aranyi et al. Mar 2012 B2
8128645 Sonnenschein et al. Mar 2012 B2
8132703 Milliman et al. Mar 2012 B2
8132706 Marczyk et al. Mar 2012 B2
8134306 Drader et al. Mar 2012 B2
8136712 Zingman Mar 2012 B2
8136713 Hathaway et al. Mar 2012 B2
8137339 Jinno et al. Mar 2012 B2
8140417 Shibata Mar 2012 B2
8141762 Bedi et al. Mar 2012 B2
8141763 Milliman Mar 2012 B2
8142425 Eggers Mar 2012 B2
8146790 Milliman Apr 2012 B2
8147485 Wham et al. Apr 2012 B2
8152041 Kostrzewski Apr 2012 B2
8154239 Katsuki et al. Apr 2012 B2
8157145 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2012 B2
8157148 Scirica Apr 2012 B2
8157151 Ingmanson et al. Apr 2012 B2
8157152 Holsten et al. Apr 2012 B2
8157153 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2012 B2
8157793 Omori et al. Apr 2012 B2
8161977 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2012 B2
8162138 Bettenhausen et al. Apr 2012 B2
8162197 Mastri et al. Apr 2012 B2
8136555 Shelton, IV et al. May 2012 B1
8136560 Hess et al. May 2012 B2
8167185 Shelton, IV et al. May 2012 B2
8167895 D'Agostino et al. May 2012 B2
8167898 Schaller et al. May 2012 B1
8170241 Roe et al. May 2012 B2
8172120 Boyden et al. May 2012 B2
8172122 Kasvikis et al. May 2012 B2
8172124 Shelton, IV et al. May 2012 B2
8177797 Shimoji et al. May 2012 B2
8179705 Chapuis May 2012 B2
8180458 Kane et al. May 2012 B2
8181840 Milliman May 2012 B2
8191752 Scirica Jun 2012 B2
8192460 Orban, III et al. Jun 2012 B2
8196795 Moore et al. Jun 2012 B2
8196796 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2012 B2
8197501 Shadeck et al. Jun 2012 B2
8197502 Smith et al. Jun 2012 B2
8201720 Hessler Jun 2012 B2
8201721 Zemlok et al. Jun 2012 B2
8205779 Ma Jun 2012 B2
8205780 Sorrentino et al. Jun 2012 B2
8205781 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2012 B2
8210411 Yates et al. Jul 2012 B2
8210414 Bettuchi et al. Jul 2012 B2
8210415 Ward Jul 2012 B2
8210416 Milliman et al. Jul 2012 B2
8211125 Spivey Jul 2012 B2
8214019 Govari et al. Jul 2012 B2
8215531 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2012 B2
8215532 Marczyk Jul 2012 B2
8215533 Viola et al. Jul 2012 B2
8220468 Cooper et al. Jul 2012 B2
8220683 Laurent et al. Jul 2012 B2
8220690 Hess et al. Jul 2012 B2
8221424 Cha Jul 2012 B2
8225799 Bettuchi Jul 2012 B2
8226715 Hwang et al. Jul 2012 B2
8227946 Kim Jul 2012 B2
8228048 Spencer Jul 2012 B2
8231040 Zemlok et al. Jul 2012 B2
8231041 Marczyk et al. Jul 2012 B2
8231042 Hessler et al. Jul 2012 B2
8231043 Tarinelli et al. Jul 2012 B2
8236010 Ortiz et al. Aug 2012 B2
8241271 Millman et al. Aug 2012 B2
8241308 Kortenbach et al. Aug 2012 B2
8241322 Whitman et al. Aug 2012 B2
8245594 Rogers et al. Aug 2012 B2
8245898 Smith et al. Aug 2012 B2
8245899 Swensgard et al. Aug 2012 B2
8245900 Scirica Aug 2012 B2
8245901 Stopek Aug 2012 B2
8246637 Viola et al. Aug 2012 B2
8256654 Bettuchi et al. Sep 2012 B2
8256655 Sniffin et al. Sep 2012 B2
8256656 Milliman et al. Sep 2012 B2
8257251 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2012 B2
8257356 Bleich et al. Sep 2012 B2
8257391 Orban, III et al. Sep 2012 B2
8262655 Ghabrial et al. Sep 2012 B2
8267300 Boudreaux Sep 2012 B2
8267924 Zemlok et al. Sep 2012 B2
8267946 Whitfield et al. Sep 2012 B2
8267951 Whayne et al. Sep 2012 B2
8269121 Smith Sep 2012 B2
8272553 Mastri et al. Sep 2012 B2
8272554 Whitman et al. Sep 2012 B2
8273404 Dave et al. Sep 2012 B2
8232654 Ferrari et al. Oct 2012 B2
8236845 Perry et al. Oct 2012 B2
8276801 Zemlok et al. Oct 2012 B2
8276802 Kostrzewski Oct 2012 B2
8277473 Sunaoshi et al. Oct 2012 B2
8281973 Wenchell et al. Oct 2012 B2
8281974 Hessler et al. Oct 2012 B2
8287561 Nunez et al. Oct 2012 B2
8292147 Viola Oct 2012 B2
8292150 Bryant Oct 2012 B2
8292151 Viola Oct 2012 B2
8292152 Milliman et al. Oct 2012 B2
8292155 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2012 B2
8292157 Smith et al. Oct 2012 B2
8292888 Whitman Oct 2012 B2
8298161 Vargas Oct 2012 B2
8298677 Wiesner et al. Oct 2012 B2
8302323 Fortier et al. Nov 2012 B2
8308040 Huang et al. Nov 2012 B2
8308042 Aranyi Nov 2012 B2
8308046 Prommersberger Nov 2012 B2
8308659 Scheibe et al. Nov 2012 B2
8313496 Sauer et al. Nov 2012 B2
8313509 Kostrzewski Nov 2012 B2
8317070 Hueil et al. Nov 2012 B2
8317071 Knodel Nov 2012 B1
8317074 Ortiz et al. Nov 2012 B2
8317790 Bell et al. Nov 2012 B2
8319002 Daniels et al. Nov 2012 B2
8322455 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2012 B2
8322589 Boudreaux Dec 2012 B2
8322590 Patel et al. Dec 2012 B2
8323789 Rozhin et al. Dec 2012 B2
8328061 Kasvikis Dec 2012 B2
8328062 Viola Dec 2012 B2
8328063 Milliman et al. Dec 2012 B2
8328064 Racenet et al. Dec 2012 B2
8328802 Deville et al. Dec 2012 B2
8328823 Aranyi et al. Dec 2012 B2
8333313 Boudreaux et al. Dec 2012 B2
8333764 Francischelli et al. Dec 2012 B2
8336753 Olson et al. Dec 2012 B2
8336754 Cappola et al. Dec 2012 B2
8342377 Milliman et al. Jan 2013 B2
8342378 Marczyk et al. Jan 2013 B2
8342379 Whitman et al. Jan 2013 B2
8348123 Scirica et al. Jan 2013 B2
8348125 Viola et al. Jan 2013 B2
8348126 Olson et al. Jan 2013 B2
8348127 Marczyk Jan 2013 B2
8348129 Bed et al. Jan 2013 B2
8348130 Shah et al. Jan 2013 B2
8348131 Omaits et al. Jan 2013 B2
8348972 Soltz et al. Jan 2013 B2
8353437 Boudreaux Jan 2013 B2
8353438 Baxter, III et al. Jan 2013 B2
8353439 Baxter, III et al. Jan 2013 B2
8356740 Knodel Jan 2013 B1
8357144 Whitman et al. Jan 2013 B2
8360296 Zingman Jan 2013 B2
8360297 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2013 B2
8360298 Farascioni et al. Jan 2013 B2
8360299 Zemlok et al. Jan 2013 B2
8361501 DiTizio et al. Jan 2013 B2
8365973 White et al. Feb 2013 B1
8365975 Manoux et al. Feb 2013 B1
8365976 Hess et al. Feb 2013 B2
8366559 Papenfuss et al. Feb 2013 B2
8371491 Huitema et al. Feb 2013 B2
8371492 Aranyi et al. Feb 2013 B2
8371493 Aranyi et al. Feb 2013 B2
8372094 Bettuchi et al. Feb 2013 B2
8376865 Forster et al. Feb 2013 B2
8377044 Coe et al. Feb 2013 B2
8388633 Rousseau et al. Mar 2013 B2
8389588 Ringelsen Mar 2013 B2
8393513 Jankowski Mar 2013 B2
8393514 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2013 B2
8393516 Kostrzewski Mar 2013 B2
8397971 Yates et al. Mar 2013 B2
8398633 Mueller Mar 2013 B2
8398673 Hinchliffe et al. Mar 2013 B2
8403138 Weisshaupt et al. Mar 2013 B2
8403198 Sorrentino et al. Mar 2013 B2
8403832 Cunningham et al. Mar 2013 B2
8403945 Whitfield et al. Mar 2013 B2
8408439 Huang et al. Apr 2013 B2
8408442 Racenet et al. Apr 2013 B2
8409079 Oakamoto et al. Apr 2013 B2
8409174 Omori Apr 2013 B2
8409222 Whitfield et al. Apr 2013 B2
8409223 Sorrentino et al. Apr 2013 B2
8413870 Pastorelli et al. Apr 2013 B2
8413871 Racenet et al. Apr 2013 B2
8413872 Patel Apr 2013 B2
8414577 Boudreaux et al. Apr 2013 B2
8418909 Kostrzewski Apr 2013 B2
8424737 Scirica Apr 2013 B2
8424739 Racenet et al. Apr 2013 B2
8424740 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2013 B2
8424741 McGuckin, Jr. et al. Apr 2013 B2
8425600 Maxwell Apr 2013 B2
8430292 Patel et al. Apr 2013 B2
8430892 Bindra et al. Apr 2013 B2
8430898 Wiener et al. Apr 2013 B2
8435257 Smith et al. May 2013 B2
8439246 Knodel et al. May 2013 B1
8444036 Shelton, IV May 2013 B2
8444549 Viola et al. May 2013 B2
8453904 Eskaros et al. Jun 2013 B2
8453906 Huang et al. Jun 2013 B2
8453907 Laurent et al. Jun 2013 B2
8453908 Bedi et al. Jun 2013 B2
8453912 Mastri et al. Jun 2013 B2
8453914 Laurent et al. Jun 2013 B2
8454628 Smith et al. Jun 2013 B2
8457757 Cauller et al. Jun 2013 B2
8459520 Giordano et al. Jun 2013 B2
8459525 Yates et al. Jun 2013 B2
8464922 Marczyk Jun 2013 B2
8464923 Shelton, IV Jun 2013 B2
8464924 Gresham et al. Jun 2013 B2
8464925 Hull et al. Jun 2013 B2
8465502 Zergiebel Jun 2013 B2
8469973 Meade et al. Jun 2013 B2
8474677 Woodard, Jr. et al. Jul 2013 B2
8475453 Marczyk et al. Jul 2013 B2
8475474 Bombard et al. Jul 2013 B2
8479969 Shelton, IV Jul 2013 B2
8480703 Nicholas et al. Jul 2013 B2
8485412 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2013 B2
8485413 Scheib et al. Jul 2013 B2
8490853 Criscuolo et al. Jul 2013 B2
8491581 Deville et al. Jul 2013 B2
8496156 Sniffin et al. Jul 2013 B2
8496683 Prommersberger et al. Jul 2013 B2
8499992 Whitman et al. Aug 2013 B2
8499993 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2013 B2
8500762 Sholev et al. Aug 2013 B2
8506557 Zemlok et al. Aug 2013 B2
8506580 Zergiebel et al. Aug 2013 B2
8506581 Wingardner, III et al. Aug 2013 B2
8511308 Hecox et al. Aug 2013 B2
8512359 Whitman et al. Aug 2013 B2
8517239 Scheib et al. Aug 2013 B2
8517241 Nicholas et al. Aug 2013 B2
8517243 Giordano et al. Aug 2013 B2
8517244 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2013 B2
8521273 Kliman Aug 2013 B2
8523043 Ullrich et al. Sep 2013 B2
8523881 Cabiri et al. Sep 2013 B2
8523900 Jinno et al. Sep 2013 B2
8529588 Ahlberg et al. Sep 2013 B2
8529600 Woodard, Jr. et al. Sep 2013 B2
8529819 Ostapoff et al. Sep 2013 B2
8534528 Shelton, IV Sep 2013 B2
8535304 Sklar et al. Sep 2013 B2
8540128 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2013 B2
8540129 Baxter, III et al. Sep 2013 B2
8540130 Moore et al. Sep 2013 B2
8540131 Swayze Sep 2013 B2
8540133 Bedi et al. Sep 2013 B2
8540733 Whitman et al. Sep 2013 B2
8540735 Mitelberg et al. Sep 2013 B2
8551076 Duval et al. Oct 2013 B2
8556151 Viola Oct 2013 B2
8556918 Bauman et al. Oct 2013 B2
8561870 Baxter, III et al. Oct 2013 B2
8561873 Ingmanson et al. Oct 2013 B2
8567656 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2013 B2
8573461 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2013 B2
8573465 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2013 B2
8574199 von Bülow et al. Nov 2013 B2
8574263 Mueller Nov 2013 B2
8575880 Grantz Nov 2013 B2
8579176 Smith et al. Nov 2013 B2
8579178 Holsten et al. Nov 2013 B2
8579897 Vakharia et al. Nov 2013 B2
8579937 Gresham Nov 2013 B2
8584919 Hueil et al. Nov 2013 B2
8585721 Kirsch Nov 2013 B2
8590762 Hess et al. Nov 2013 B2
8602287 Yates et al. Dec 2013 B2
8602288 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2013 B2
8603135 Mueller Dec 2013 B2
8608044 Hueil et al. Dec 2013 B2
8608045 Smith Dec 2013 B2
8608046 Laurent et al. Dec 2013 B2
8608745 Guzman et al. Dec 2013 B2
8613383 Beckman et al. Dec 2013 B2
8616431 Timm et al. Dec 2013 B2
8622274 Yates et al. Jan 2014 B2
8622275 Baxter, III et al. Jan 2014 B2
8628518 Blumenkranz et al. Jan 2014 B2
8628545 Cabrera et al. Jan 2014 B2
8631987 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 B2
8632462 Yoo et al. Jan 2014 B2
8632525 Kerr et al. Jan 2014 B2
8632535 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 B2
8632563 Nagase et al. Jan 2014 B2
8636187 Hueil et al. Jan 2014 B2
8636736 Yates et al. Jan 2014 B2
8636766 Milliman et al. Jan 2014 B2
8640788 Dachs, II et al. Feb 2014 B2
8647258 Aranyi et al. Feb 2014 B2
8652120 Giordano et al. Feb 2014 B2
8652151 Lehman et al. Feb 2014 B2
8657174 Yates et al. Feb 2014 B2
8657176 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2014 B2
8657177 Scirica et al. Feb 2014 B2
8657178 Hueil et al. Feb 2014 B2
8657482 Malackowski et al. Feb 2014 B2
8657803 McPherson et al. Feb 2014 B2
8662370 Takei Mar 2014 B2
8663192 Hester et al. Mar 2014 B2
8668129 Olson Mar 2014 B2
8668130 Hess et al. Mar 2014 B2
8672206 Aranyi et al. Mar 2014 B2
8672207 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2014 B2
8672208 Hess et al. Mar 2014 B2
8673210 Deshays Mar 2014 B2
8678263 Viola Mar 2014 B2
8679093 Farra Mar 2014 B2
8679098 Hart Mar 2014 B2
8679137 Bauman et al. Mar 2014 B2
8679454 Guire et al. Mar 2014 B2
8684250 Bettuchi et al. Apr 2014 B2
8684253 Giordano et al. Apr 2014 B2
8685020 Weizman et al. Apr 2014 B2
8695866 Leimbach et al. Apr 2014 B2
8696665 Hunt et al. Apr 2014 B2
8701958 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2014 B2
8701959 Shah Apr 2014 B2
8708211 Zemlok et al. Apr 2014 B2
8708213 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2014 B2
8715256 Greener May 2014 B2
8720766 Hess et al. May 2014 B2
8721630 Ortiz et al. May 2014 B2
8721666 Schroeder et al. May 2014 B2
8727197 Hess et al. May 2014 B2
8727200 Roy May 2014 B2
8728119 Cummins May 2014 B2
8733613 Huitema et al. May 2014 B2
8733614 Ross et al. May 2014 B2
8734478 Widenhouse et al. May 2014 B2
8739033 Rosenberg May 2014 B2
8740034 Morgan et al. Jun 2014 B2
8740037 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2014 B2
8740038 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2014 B2
8740987 Geremakis et al. Jun 2014 B2
8746529 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2014 B2
8746530 Giordano et al. Jun 2014 B2
8746533 Whitman et al. Jun 2014 B2
8746535 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2014 B2
8747238 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2014 B2
8752264 Ackley et al. Jun 2014 B2
8752699 Morgan et al. Jun 2014 B2
8752747 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2014 B2
8752749 Moore et al. Jun 2014 B2
8757465 Woodard, Jr. et al. Jun 2014 B2
8758235 Jaworek Jun 2014 B2
8758391 Swayze et al. Jun 2014 B2
8758438 Boyce et al. Jun 2014 B2
8763875 Morgan et al. Jul 2014 B2
8763877 Schall et al. Jul 2014 B2
8763879 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2014 B2
8771169 Whitman et al. Jul 2014 B2
8777004 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2014 B2
8783541 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2014 B2
8783542 Riestenberg et al. Jul 2014 B2
8783543 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2014 B2
8784404 Doyle et al. Jul 2014 B2
8784415 Malackowski et al. Jul 2014 B2
8789737 Hodgkinson et al. Jul 2014 B2
8789739 Swensgard Jul 2014 B2
8789740 Baxter, III et al. Jul 2014 B2
8789741 Baxter, III et al. Jul 2014 B2
8790684 Dave et al. Jul 2014 B2
8794496 Scirica Aug 2014 B2
8794497 Zingman Aug 2014 B2
8795276 Dietz et al. Aug 2014 B2
8800838 Shelton, IV Aug 2014 B2
8800839 Beetel Aug 2014 B2
8800841 Ellerhorst et al. Aug 2014 B2
8801734 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2014 B2
8801735 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2014 B2
8801752 Fortier et al. Aug 2014 B2
8806973 Ross et al. Aug 2014 B2
8807414 Ross et al. Aug 2014 B2
8808294 Fox et al. Aug 2014 B2
8808308 Boukhny et al. Aug 2014 B2
8808311 Heinrich et al. Aug 2014 B2
8813866 Suzuki Aug 2014 B2
8814024 Woodard, Jr. et al. Aug 2014 B2
8814025 Miller et al. Aug 2014 B2
8820603 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 B2
8820605 Shelton, IV Sep 2014 B2
8820606 Hodgkinson Sep 2014 B2
8820607 Marczyk Sep 2014 B2
8822934 Sayeh et al. Sep 2014 B2
8827133 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 B2
8827903 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 B2
8833632 Swensgard Sep 2014 B2
8840003 Morgan et al. Sep 2014 B2
8840603 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 B2
8844789 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 B2
8851354 Swensgard et al. Oct 2014 B2
8852199 Deslauriers et al. Oct 2014 B2
8857693 Schuckmann et al. Oct 2014 B2
8857694 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2014 B2
8858571 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2014 B2
8858590 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2014 B2
8864007 Widenhouse et al. Oct 2014 B2
8864009 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2014 B2
8870050 Hodgkinson Oct 2014 B2
8875971 Hall et al. Nov 2014 B2
8875972 Weisenburgh, II et al. Nov 2014 B2
8876857 Burbank Nov 2014 B2
8888688 Julian et al. Nov 2014 B2
8893946 Boudreaux et al. Nov 2014 B2
8893949 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2014 B2
8894647 Beardsley et al. Nov 2014 B2
8894654 Anderson Nov 2014 B2
8899463 Schall et al. Dec 2014 B2
8899464 Hueil et al. Dec 2014 B2
8899465 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2014 B2
8899466 Baxter, III et al. Dec 2014 B2
8905977 Shelton et al. Dec 2014 B2
8911426 Coppeta et al. Dec 2014 B2
8911471 Spivey et al. Dec 2014 B2
8920438 Aranyi et al. Dec 2014 B2
8925782 Shelton, IV Jan 2015 B2
8925783 Zemlok et al. Jan 2015 B2
8925788 Hess et al. Jan 2015 B2
8926598 Mollere et al. Jan 2015 B2
8931682 Timm et al. Jan 2015 B2
8936614 Allen, IV Jan 2015 B2
8939343 Milliman et al. Jan 2015 B2
8939344 Olson et al. Jan 2015 B2
8955732 Zemlok et al. Feb 2015 B2
8956342 Russo et al. Feb 2015 B1
8960520 McCuen Feb 2015 B2
8960521 Kostrzewski Feb 2015 B2
8961504 Hoarau et al. Feb 2015 B2
8967443 McCuen Mar 2015 B2
8967446 Beardsley et al. Mar 2015 B2
8968276 Zemlok et al. Mar 2015 B2
8968312 Marczyk et al. Mar 2015 B2
8968337 Whitfield et al. Mar 2015 B2
8968340 Chowaniec et al. Mar 2015 B2
8970507 Holbein et al. Mar 2015 B2
8973803 Hall et al. Mar 2015 B2
8973804 Hess et al. Mar 2015 B2
8978954 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2015 B2
8978955 Aronhalt et al. Mar 2015 B2
8978956 Schall et al. Mar 2015 B2
8979890 Boudreaux Mar 2015 B2
8982195 Claus et al. Mar 2015 B2
8991676 Hess et al. Mar 2015 B2
8991677 Moore et al. Mar 2015 B2
8992422 Spivey et al. Mar 2015 B2
8992565 Brisson et al. Mar 2015 B2
8996165 Wang et al. Mar 2015 B2
8998058 Moore et al. Apr 2015 B2
9005230 Yates et al. Apr 2015 B2
9011471 Timm et al. Apr 2015 B2
9016539 Kostrzewski et al. Apr 2015 B2
9016540 Whitman et al. Apr 2015 B2
9016542 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2015 B2
9017331 Fox Apr 2015 B2
9017371 Whitman et al. Apr 2015 B2
9023014 Chowaniec et al. May 2015 B2
9027817 Milliman et al. May 2015 B2
9028494 Shelton, IV et al. May 2015 B2
9028495 Mueller et al. May 2015 B2
9028519 Yates et al. May 2015 B2
9033203 Woodard, Jr. et al. May 2015 B2
9033204 Shelton, IV et al. May 2015 B2
9038831 Schaller et al. May 2015 B2
9039690 Kersten et al. May 2015 B2
9039694 Ross May 2015 B2
9039720 Madan May 2015 B2
9043027 Durant et al. May 2015 B2
9044227 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 B2
9044228 Woodard, Jr. et al. Jun 2015 B2
9044230 Morgan et al. Jun 2015 B2
9050083 Yates et al. Jun 2015 B2
9050084 Schmid et al. Jun 2015 B2
9050100 Yates et al. Jun 2015 B2
9055941 Schmid et al. Jun 2015 B2
9055944 Hodgkinson et al. Jun 2015 B2
9055961 Manzo et al. Jun 2015 B2
9060770 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 B2
9072515 Hall et al. Jul 2015 B2
9072535 Shelton, IV Jul 2015 B2
9072536 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2015 B2
9078653 Leimbach et al. Jul 2015 B2
9084601 Moore et al. Jul 2015 B2
9084602 Glieman Jul 2015 B2
9086875 Harrat et al. Jul 2015 B2
9089330 Widenhouse et al. Jul 2015 B2
9095339 Moore et al. Aug 2015 B2
9095362 Dachs, II et al. Aug 2015 B2
9096033 Holop et al. Aug 2015 B2
9099863 Smith et al. Aug 2015 B2
9101358 Kerr et al. Aug 2015 B2
9101385 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2015 B2
9107663 Swensgard Aug 2015 B2
9113862 Morgan et al. Aug 2015 B2
9113864 Morgan et al. Aug 2015 B2
9113865 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2015 B2
9113873 Marczyk et al. Aug 2015 B2
9113874 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2015 B2
9113880 Zemlok et al. Aug 2015 B2
9113883 Aronhalt et al. Aug 2015 B2
9113884 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2015 B2
9119657 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2015 B2
9123286 Park Sep 2015 B2
9125654 Aronhalt et al. Sep 2015 B2
9125662 Shelton, IV Sep 2015 B2
9126317 Lawton et al. Sep 2015 B2
9131940 Huitema et al. Sep 2015 B2
9131957 Sharbnik et al. Sep 2015 B2
9138225 Huang et al. Sep 2015 B2
9149274 Spivey et al. Oct 2015 B2
9149324 Huang et al. Oct 2015 B2
9149325 Worrell et al. Oct 2015 B2
9161753 Prior Oct 2015 B2
9161803 Yates et al. Oct 2015 B2
9168038 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2015 B2
9168054 Turner et al. Oct 2015 B2
9168144 Rivin et al. Oct 2015 B2
9179911 Morgan et al. Nov 2015 B2
9179912 Yates et al. Nov 2015 B2
9186143 Timm et al. Nov 2015 B2
9186148 Felder et al. Nov 2015 B2
9192380 Racenet et al. Nov 2015 B2
9192384 Bettuchi Nov 2015 B2
9193045 Saur et al. Nov 2015 B2
9198661 Swensgard Dec 2015 B2
9198662 Barton et al. Dec 2015 B2
9204877 Whitman et al. Dec 2015 B2
9204878 Hall et al. Dec 2015 B2
9204879 Shelton, IV Dec 2015 B2
9204880 Baxter, III et al. Dec 2015 B2
9211120 Scheib et al. Dec 2015 B2
9211121 Hall et al. Dec 2015 B2
9211122 Hagerty et al. Dec 2015 B2
9216019 Schmid et al. Dec 2015 B2
9216020 Zhang et al. Dec 2015 B2
9220500 Swayze et al. Dec 2015 B2
9220501 Baxter, III et al. Dec 2015 B2
9226750 Weir et al. Jan 2016 B2
9226751 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2016 B2
9226767 Stulen et al. Jan 2016 B2
9232941 Mandakolathur Vasudevan et al. Jan 2016 B2
9232945 Zingman Jan 2016 B2
9232979 Parihar et al. Jan 2016 B2
9237891 Shelton, IV Jan 2016 B2
9241714 Timm et al. Jan 2016 B2
9259274 Prisco Feb 2016 B2
9265585 Wingardner et al. Feb 2016 B2
9271799 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2016 B2
9272406 Aronhalt et al. Mar 2016 B2
9277919 Timmer et al. Mar 2016 B2
9277922 Carter et al. Mar 2016 B2
9282962 Schmid et al. Mar 2016 B2
9282966 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2016 B2
9282974 Shelton, IV Mar 2016 B2
9283045 Rhee et al. Mar 2016 B2
9283054 Morgan et al. Mar 2016 B2
9289206 Hess et al. Mar 2016 B2
9289207 Shelton, IV Mar 2016 B2
9289210 Baxter, III et al. Mar 2016 B2
9289212 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2016 B2
9289225 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2016 B2
9289256 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2016 B2
9293757 Chellew Mar 2016 B2
9295464 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2016 B2
9301752 Mandakolathur Vasudevan et al. Apr 2016 B2
9301753 Aldridge et al. Apr 2016 B2
9301755 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2016 B2
9301759 Spivey et al. Apr 2016 B2
9307965 Ming et al. Apr 2016 B2
9307986 Hall et al. Apr 2016 B2
9307988 Shelton, IV Apr 2016 B2
9308011 Chao et al. Apr 2016 B2
9314246 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2016 B2
9320518 Henderson et al. Apr 2016 B2
9320520 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2016 B2
9320521 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2016 B2
9320523 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2016 B2
9326767 Koch, Jr. et al. May 2016 B2
9326768 Shelton, IV May 2016 B2
9326769 Shelton, IV et al. May 2016 B2
9326770 Shelton, IV et al. May 2016 B2
9326771 Baxter, III et al. May 2016 B2
9332890 Ozawa May 2016 B2
9332974 Henderson et al. May 2016 B2
9332984 Weaner et al. May 2016 B2
9332987 Leimbach et al. May 2016 B2
9345477 Anim et al. May 2016 B2
9345480 Hessler et al. May 2016 B2
9345481 Hall et al. May 2016 B2
9351726 Leimbach et al. May 2016 B2
9351727 Leimbach et al. May 2016 B2
9351730 Schmid et al. May 2016 B2
9358003 Hall et al. Jun 2016 B2
9358005 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 B2
9364220 Williams Jun 2016 B2
9364230 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 B2
9364233 Alexander, III et al. Jun 2016 B2
9364279 Houser et al. Jun 2016 B2
9370358 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 B2
9370364 Smith et al. Jun 2016 B2
9375206 Vidal et al. Jun 2016 B2
9386983 Swensgard et al. Jul 2016 B2
9386984 Aronhalt et al. Jul 2016 B2
9386988 Baxter, III et al. Jul 2016 B2
9393015 Laurent et al. Jul 2016 B2
9398911 Auld Jul 2016 B2
9402626 Ortiz et al. Aug 2016 B2
9408604 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 B2
9408606 Shelton, IV Aug 2016 B2
9414838 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 B2
9414849 Nagashimada Aug 2016 B2
9433419 Gonzalez et al. Sep 2016 B2
9445813 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 B2
9451958 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 B2
9463040 Jeong et al. Oct 2016 B2
9468438 Baber et al. Oct 2016 B2
9468447 Aman et al. Oct 2016 B2
9480476 Aldridge et al. Nov 2016 B2
9526564 Rusin Dec 2016 B2
9554794 Baber et al. Jan 2017 B2
9572577 Lloyd et al. Feb 2017 B2
9597104 Nicholas et al. Mar 2017 B2
9597143 Madan et al. Mar 2017 B2
9629623 Lytle, IV et al. Apr 2017 B2
9629629 Leimbach et al. Apr 2017 B2
9649110 Parihar et al. May 2017 B2
9687230 Leimbach et al. Jun 2017 B2
9690362 Leimbach et al. Jun 2017 B2
9693777 Schellin et al. Jul 2017 B2
9700309 Jaworek et al. Jul 2017 B2
9724094 Baber et al. Aug 2017 B2
9733663 Leimbach et al. Aug 2017 B2
9737301 Baber et al. Aug 2017 B2
9743927 Whitman Aug 2017 B2
9743929 Leimbach et al. Aug 2017 B2
9750499 Leimbach et al. Sep 2017 B2
9757124 Schellin et al. Sep 2017 B2
9757128 Baber et al. Sep 2017 B2
9770245 Swayze et al. Sep 2017 B2
9775608 Aronhalt et al. Oct 2017 B2
9775610 Nicholas et al. Oct 2017 B2
9782169 Swayze et al. Oct 2017 B2
9788836 Overmyer et al. Oct 2017 B2
9795384 Weaner et al. Oct 2017 B2
9801626 Parihar et al. Oct 2017 B2
9804618 Leimbach et al. Oct 2017 B2
9808244 Leimbach et al. Nov 2017 B2
9808246 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2017 B2
9814460 Kimsey et al. Nov 2017 B2
9820738 Lytle, IV et al. Nov 2017 B2
9826976 Parihar et al. Nov 2017 B2
9826977 Leimbach et al. Nov 2017 B2
9833241 Huitema et al. Dec 2017 B2
9839422 Schellin et al. Dec 2017 B2
9839423 Vendely et al. Dec 2017 B2
9844368 Boudreaux et al. Dec 2017 B2
9844369 Huitema et al. Dec 2017 B2
9844374 Lytle, IV et al. Dec 2017 B2
9844375 Overmyer et al. Dec 2017 B2
9872683 Hopkins et al. Jan 2018 B2
9877721 Schellin et al. Jan 2018 B2
9883860 Leimbach et al. Feb 2018 B2
9884456 Schellin et al. Feb 2018 B2
9888919 Leimbach et al. Feb 2018 B2
20010044637 Jacobs et al. Nov 2001 A1
20020014510 Richter et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020022836 Goble et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020026126 Burdorff et al. Feb 2002 A1
20020029032 Arkin Mar 2002 A1
20020029036 Goble et al. Mar 2002 A1
20020049472 Coleman et al. Apr 2002 A1
20020095175 Brock et al. Jul 2002 A1
20020103494 Pacey Aug 2002 A1
20020117534 Green et al. Aug 2002 A1
20020127265 Bowman et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020128552 Nowlin et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020134811 Napier et al. Sep 2002 A1
20020135474 Sylliassen Sep 2002 A1
20020143340 Kaneko Oct 2002 A1
20020157481 Kogiso et al. Oct 2002 A1
20020165541 Whitman Nov 2002 A1
20020188170 Santamore et al. Dec 2002 A1
20020193808 Belef et al. Dec 2002 A1
20030023316 Brown et al. Jan 2003 A1
20030066858 Holgersson Apr 2003 A1
20030078647 Vallana et al. Apr 2003 A1
20030084983 Rangachari et al. May 2003 A1
20030093103 Malackowski et al. May 2003 A1
20030096158 Takano et al. May 2003 A1
20030105478 Whitman et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030114851 Truckai et al. Jun 2003 A1
20030130677 Whitman et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030139741 Goble et al. Jul 2003 A1
20030153908 Goble et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030153968 Geis et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030163085 Tanner et al. Aug 2003 A1
20030181900 Long Sep 2003 A1
20030195387 Kortenbach et al. Oct 2003 A1
20030202901 Stetzel Oct 2003 A1
20030205029 Chapolini et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030216732 Truckai et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030220660 Kortenbach et al. Nov 2003 A1
20030236505 Bonadio et al. Dec 2003 A1
20040002726 Nunez et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040006335 Garrison Jan 2004 A1
20040006340 Latterell et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040006372 Racenet et al. Jan 2004 A1
20040006861 Haytayan Jan 2004 A1
20040030333 Goble Feb 2004 A1
20040032345 Kazuya et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040034357 Beane et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040034369 Sauer et al. Feb 2004 A1
20040044364 DeVries et al. Mar 2004 A1
20040068161 Couvilion, Jr. Apr 2004 A1
20040068224 Couvillon, Jr. et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040068307 Goble Apr 2004 A1
20040070369 Sakakibara Apr 2004 A1
20040073222 Koseki Apr 2004 A1
20040078037 Batchelor et al. Apr 2004 A1
20040093024 Lousararian et al. May 2004 A1
20040094597 Whitman et al. May 2004 A1
20040097987 Pugsley et al. May 2004 A1
20040098040 Taniguchi et al. May 2004 A1
20040101822 Wiesner et al. May 2004 A1
20040102783 Sutterlin, III et al. May 2004 A1
20040108357 Milliman et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040110439 Chaikof et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040111081 Whitman et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040115022 Albertson et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040116952 Sakurai et al. Jun 2004 A1
20040133095 Dunki-Jacobs et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040143297 Ramsey Jul 2004 A1
20040147909 Johnston et al. Jul 2004 A1
20040164123 Racenet et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040167572 Roth et al. Aug 2004 A1
20040173659 Green et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040181219 Goble et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040186470 Goble et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040193189 Kortenbach et al. Sep 2004 A1
20040199181 Knodel et al. Oct 2004 A1
20040222268 Bilotti et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040225186 Home, Jr. et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040230214 Donofrio et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040232201 Wenchell et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040236352 Wang et al. Nov 2004 A1
20040243147 Lipow Dec 2004 A1
20040243151 Demmy et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040243163 Casiano et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040243176 Hahnen et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040247415 Mangone, Jr. Dec 2004 A1
20040254455 Iddan Dec 2004 A1
20040254566 Plicchi et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040254590 Hoffman et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040254608 Huitema et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040260315 Dell et al. Dec 2004 A1
20040267297 Malackowski Dec 2004 A1
20040267310 Racenet et al. Dec 2004 A1
20050010158 Brugger et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050010213 Stad et al. Jan 2005 A1
20050032511 Malone et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050033352 Zeph et al. Feb 2005 A1
20050033357 Braun Feb 2005 A1
20050054946 Krzyzanowski Mar 2005 A1
20050058890 Brazell et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050059997 Bauman et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050070929 Dalessandro et al. Mar 2005 A1
20050075561 Golden Apr 2005 A1
20050080454 Drews et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050085693 Belson et al. Apr 2005 A1
20050090817 Phan Apr 2005 A1
20050096683 Ellins et al. May 2005 A1
20050103819 Racenet et al. May 2005 A1
20050107814 Johnston et al. May 2005 A1
20050107824 Hillstead et al. May 2005 A1
20050113820 Goble et al. May 2005 A1
20050116673 Carl et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050119525 Takemoto Jun 2005 A1
20050119669 Demmy Jun 2005 A1
20050124855 Jaffe et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125009 Perry et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050125897 Wyslucha et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050131173 McDaniel et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050131211 Bayley et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050131390 Heinrich et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050131436 Johnston et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050131437 Johnston et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050131457 Douglas et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050137454 Saadat et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050137455 Ewers et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050143759 Kelly Jun 2005 A1
20050143769 White et al. Jun 2005 A1
20050145675 Hartwick et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050150928 Kameyama et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050154258 Tartaglia et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050154406 Bombard et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050159184 Kerner et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050165419 Sauer et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050165435 Johnston et al. Jul 2005 A1
20050169974 Tenerz et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050171522 Christopherson Aug 2005 A1
20050177181 Kagan et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050182298 Ikeda et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050187545 Hooven et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050187572 Johnston et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050187576 Whitman et al. Aug 2005 A1
20050189397 Jankowski Sep 2005 A1
20050192609 Whitman et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050192628 Viola Sep 2005 A1
20050203550 Laufer et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050216055 Scirica et al. Sep 2005 A1
20050228224 Okada et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050240178 Morley et al. Oct 2005 A1
20050240222 Shipp Oct 2005 A1
20050245965 Orban, III et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050251128 Amoah Nov 2005 A1
20050256452 DeMarchi et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050256522 Francischelli et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050261676 Hall et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050261677 Hall et al. Nov 2005 A1
20050263563 Racenet et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050267455 Eggers et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050267530 Cummins Dec 2005 A1
20050272973 Kawano et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050274768 Cummins et al. Dec 2005 A1
20050283188 Loshakove et al. Dec 2005 A1
20060004407 Hiles et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060008787 Hayman et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060011699 Olson et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060015009 Jaffe et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060020247 Kagan et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060020258 Strauss et al. Jan 2006 A1
20060020336 Liddicoat Jan 2006 A1
20060025811 Shelton, IV Feb 2006 A1
20060025812 Shelton, IV Feb 2006 A1
20060041188 Dirusso et al. Feb 2006 A1
20060047275 Goble Mar 2006 A1
20060047303 Ortiz et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060047307 Ortiz et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060049229 Milliman et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060052825 Ransick et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060060630 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2006 A1
20060064086 Odom Mar 2006 A1
20060079115 Aranyi et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060079735 Martone et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060085031 Bettuchi Apr 2006 A1
20060085033 Criscuolo et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060086032 Valencic et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060087746 Lipow Apr 2006 A1
20060089535 Raz et al. Apr 2006 A1
20060100643 Laufer et al. May 2006 A1
20060100649 Hart May 2006 A1
20060108393 Heinrich et al. May 2006 A1
20060111711 Goble May 2006 A1
20060111723 Chapolini et al. May 2006 A1
20060116634 Shachar Jun 2006 A1
20060122636 Bailly et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060142772 Ralph et al. Jun 2006 A1
20060149163 Hibner et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060161185 Saadat et al. Jul 2006 A1
20060167471 Phillips Jul 2006 A1
20060173470 Oray et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060178556 Hasser et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060180634 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2006 A1
20060185682 Marczyk Aug 2006 A1
20060200123 Ryan Sep 2006 A1
20060201989 Ojeda Sep 2006 A1
20060206100 Eskridge et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060212069 Shelton, IV Sep 2006 A1
20060217729 Eskridge et al. Sep 2006 A1
20060226196 Hueil et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060235368 Oz Oct 2006 A1
20060235469 Viola Oct 2006 A1
20060241655 Viola Oct 2006 A1
20060241692 McGuckin, Jr. et al. Oct 2006 A1
20060244460 Weaver Nov 2006 A1
20060252990 Kubach Nov 2006 A1
20060252993 Freed et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060253069 Li et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060258904 Stefanchik et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060258910 Stefanchik et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060259073 Miyamoto et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060264831 Skwarek et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060264927 Ryan Nov 2006 A1
20060264929 Goble et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060271042 Latterell et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060271102 Bosshard et al. Nov 2006 A1
20060278680 Viola et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060278681 Viola et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060282064 Shimizu et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060284730 Schmid et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060287576 Tsuji et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060289602 Wales et al. Dec 2006 A1
20060291981 Viola et al. Dec 2006 A1
20070010702 Wang et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070010838 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2007 A1
20070023476 Whitman et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070023477 Whitman et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070026039 Drumheller et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070026040 Crawley et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070027468 Wales et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070027472 Hiles et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070027551 Farnsworth et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070027553 Biran et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070034668 Holsten et al. Feb 2007 A1
20070049951 Menn Mar 2007 A1
20070049966 Bonadio et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070051375 Milliman Mar 2007 A1
20070055219 Whitman et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070066981 Meagher Mar 2007 A1
20070070574 Nerheim et al. Mar 2007 A1
20070073341 Smith Mar 2007 A1
20070078328 Ozaki et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070078484 Talarico et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070083193 Werneth et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070084897 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070090788 Hansford et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070093869 Bloom et al. Apr 2007 A1
20070102472 Shelton, IV May 2007 A1
20070106113 Ravo May 2007 A1
20070106317 Shelton, IV May 2007 A1
20070118175 Butler et al. May 2007 A1
20070129605 Schaaf Jun 2007 A1
20070135686 Pruitt, Jr. et al. Jun 2007 A1
20070135803 Belson Jun 2007 A1
20070155010 Farnsworth et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070158358 Mason, II et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070170225 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070173687 Shima et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070173806 Orszulak et al. Jul 2007 A1
20070173813 Odom Jul 2007 A1
20070175950 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070175951 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070175955 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070179528 Soltz et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070181632 Milliman Aug 2007 A1
20070185545 Duke Aug 2007 A1
20070190110 Pameijer et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070191868 Theroux et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070194079 Hueil et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070194082 Morgan et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070198039 Jones et al. Aug 2007 A1
20070203510 Bettuchi Aug 2007 A1
20070213750 Weadock Sep 2007 A1
20070219571 Balbierz et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070225562 Spivey et al. Sep 2007 A1
20070233163 Bombard et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070239028 Houser et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070243227 Gertner Oct 2007 A1
20070244471 Malackowski Oct 2007 A1
20070246505 Pace-Floridia et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070249999 Sklar et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070250113 Hegeman et al. Oct 2007 A1
20070260278 Wheeler et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070270784 Smith et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070270884 Smith et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070275035 Herman et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070276409 Ortiz et al. Nov 2007 A1
20070279011 Jones et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070286892 Herzberg et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070287993 Hinman et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070288044 Jinno et al. Dec 2007 A1
20070299427 Yeung et al. Dec 2007 A1
20080003196 Jonn et al. Jan 2008 A1
20080015598 Prommersberger Jan 2008 A1
20080029570 Shelton et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080029573 Shelton et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080029574 Shelton et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080029575 Shelton et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080030170 Dacquay et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080035701 Racenet et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080041916 Milliman et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080041917 Racenet et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080051833 Gramuglia et al. Feb 2008 A1
20080065153 Allard et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080071328 Haubrich et al. Mar 2008 A1
20080078802 Hess et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082114 McKenna et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082125 Murray et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080082126 Murray et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080083808 Scirica Apr 2008 A1
20080083813 Zemlok et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080085296 Powell et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080086078 Powell et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080091072 Omori et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080097563 Petrie et al. Apr 2008 A1
20080108443 Jinno et al. May 2008 A1
20080114250 Urbano et al. May 2008 A1
20080114315 Voegele et al. May 2008 A1
20080114385 Byrum et al. May 2008 A1
20080128469 Dalessandro et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080129253 Shiue et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080140115 Stopek Jun 2008 A1
20080140159 Bornhoft et al. Jun 2008 A1
20080154299 Linvneh Jun 2008 A1
20080169328 Shelton Jul 2008 A1
20080169332 Shelton et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080169333 Shelton et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080172087 Fuchs et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080172088 Smith et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080183193 Omori et al. Jul 2008 A1
20080185419 Smith et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080190989 Crews et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080197167 Viola et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080200762 Stokes et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080200835 Monson et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080200933 Bakos et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080200949 Hiles et al. Aug 2008 A1
20080228029 Mikkaichi et al. Sep 2008 A1
20080241667 Kohn et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080245841 Smith et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080249536 Stahler et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080249608 Dave Oct 2008 A1
20080251568 Zemlok et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080251569 Smith et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080255413 Zemlok et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080255607 Zemlok Oct 2008 A1
20080262654 Omori et al. Oct 2008 A1
20080281171 Fennell et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080281254 Humayun et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080283570 Boyden et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080287944 Pearson et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080287988 Smith et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080290134 Bettuchi et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080294179 Balbierz et al. Nov 2008 A1
20080296346 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080297287 Shachar et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080308602 Timm et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080308603 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080308608 Prommersberger Dec 2008 A1
20080314960 Marczyk et al. Dec 2008 A1
20080315829 Jones et al. Dec 2008 A1
20090001121 Hess et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090001130 Hess et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090004455 Gravagna et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090005809 Hess et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090012534 Madhani et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090015195 Loth-Krausser Jan 2009 A1
20090018553 McLean et al. Jan 2009 A1
20090020958 Soul Jan 2009 A1
20090047329 Stucky et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090048589 Takashno et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090048612 Farritor et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090054908 Zand et al. Feb 2009 A1
20090069842 Lee et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090076506 Baker Mar 2009 A1
20090078736 Van Lue Mar 2009 A1
20090082789 Milliman et al. Mar 2009 A1
20090088659 Graham et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090088774 Swarup et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090090763 Zemlok et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090092651 Shah et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090093728 Hyde et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090099579 Nentwick et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090099876 Whitman Apr 2009 A1
20090108048 Zemlok et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090112229 Omori et al. Apr 2009 A1
20090114701 Zemlok et al. May 2009 A1
20090119011 Kondo et al. May 2009 A1
20090137952 Ramamurthy et al. May 2009 A1
20090143805 Palmer et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090143855 Weber et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090149871 Kagan et al. Jun 2009 A9
20090157067 Kane et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090157087 Wei et al. Jun 2009 A1
20090171147 Lee et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090177226 Reinprecht et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090179757 Cohn et al. Jul 2009 A1
20090188964 Orlov Jul 2009 A1
20090198272 Kerver et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090204108 Steffen Aug 2009 A1
20090204109 Grove et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206125 Huitema et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206126 Huitema et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206131 Weisenburgh, II et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206133 Morgan et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206137 Hall et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206139 Hall et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206141 Huitema et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090206142 Huitema et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090213685 Mak et al. Aug 2009 A1
20090234273 Intoccia et al. Sep 2009 A1
20090242610 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090247368 Chiang Oct 2009 A1
20090247901 Zimmer Oct 2009 A1
20090248007 Falkenstein et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090248038 Blumenkranz et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090253959 Yoshie et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090255974 Viola Oct 2009 A1
20090255975 Zemlok et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090255976 Marczyk et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090255977 Zemlok Oct 2009 A1
20090255978 Viola et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090262078 Pizzi Oct 2009 A1
20090270895 Churchill et al. Oct 2009 A1
20090277949 Viola et al. Nov 2009 A1
20090290016 Suda Nov 2009 A1
20090292283 Odom Nov 2009 A1
20090306639 Nevo et al. Dec 2009 A1
20090308907 Nalagatla et al. Dec 2009 A1
20100010511 Harris et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100012704 Racenet et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100016852 Manzo et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100016888 Calabrese Jan 2010 A1
20100023024 Zeiner et al. Jan 2010 A1
20100030233 Whitman et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100036370 Mirel et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100041945 Isbell, Jr. Feb 2010 A1
20100049084 Nock et al. Feb 2010 A1
20100057087 Cha Mar 2010 A1
20100057107 Sorrentino et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100069942 Shelton, IV Mar 2010 A1
20100072254 Aranyi et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100076483 Imuta Mar 2010 A1
20100076489 Stopek et al. Mar 2010 A1
20100081883 Murray et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100087840 Ebersole et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100094289 Taylor et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100096431 Smith et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100100124 Calabrese et al. Apr 2010 A1
20100108740 Pastorelli et al. May 2010 A1
20100108741 Hessler et al. May 2010 A1
20100122339 Boccacci May 2010 A1
20100125287 Cole May 2010 A1
20100133317 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100145146 Melder Jun 2010 A1
20100147921 Olson Jun 2010 A1
20100147922 Olson Jun 2010 A1
20100147923 D'Agostino et al. Jun 2010 A1
20100163598 Belzer Jul 2010 A1
20100179022 Shirokoshi Jul 2010 A1
20100179540 Marczyk et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100180711 Kilibarda et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100186219 Smith Jul 2010 A1
20100191292 DeMeo et al. Jul 2010 A1
20100193566 Schieb et al. Aug 2010 A1
20100200637 Beetel Aug 2010 A1
20100204717 Knodel Aug 2010 A1
20100222901 Swayze et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100230465 Smith et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100243707 Olson et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100243708 Aranyi et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100249497 Peine et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100249519 Park et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100249759 Hinman et al. Sep 2010 A1
20100258611 Smith et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100263030 Viola et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100267662 Fielder et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100274160 Yacht et al. Oct 2010 A1
20100276471 Whitman Nov 2010 A1
20100292540 Hess et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100294827 Boyden et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100298636 Casto et al. Nov 2010 A1
20100312261 Suzuki et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100320252 Viola et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100331856 Carlson et al. Dec 2010 A1
20100331880 Stopek Dec 2010 A1
20110003528 Lam Jan 2011 A1
20110006101 Hall et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110009890 Palmer et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110011916 Levine Jan 2011 A1
20110016960 Debrailly Jan 2011 A1
20110017799 Whitman et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110021871 Berkelaar Jan 2011 A1
20110022032 Zemlok et al. Jan 2011 A1
20110024477 Hall et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110024478 Shelton, IV Feb 2011 A1
20110025311 Chauvin et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110034910 Ross et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110034918 Reschke Feb 2011 A1
20110036887 Zemlok et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110036890 Ma Feb 2011 A1
20110036891 Zemlok et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110045047 Bennett et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110046666 Sorrentino et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110046667 Culligan et al. Feb 2011 A1
20110060356 Reschke et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110060363 Hess et al. Mar 2011 A1
20110082538 Dahlgren et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110084112 Kostrzewski Apr 2011 A1
20110087276 Bedi et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110087279 Shah et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110088921 Forgues et al. Apr 2011 A1
20110095068 Patel Apr 2011 A1
20110101065 Milliman May 2011 A1
20110101069 Bombard et al. May 2011 A1
20110112517 Peine et al. May 2011 A1
20110114697 Baxter, III et al. May 2011 A1
20110118778 Burbank May 2011 A1
20110121049 Malinouskas et al. May 2011 A1
20110125138 Malinouskas et al. May 2011 A1
20110125176 Yates et al. May 2011 A1
20110144640 Heinrich et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110147433 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2011 A1
20110155786 Shelton, IV Jun 2011 A1
20110163146 Ortiz et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110167619 Smith et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110174099 Ross et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110174861 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110178536 Kostrzewski Jul 2011 A1
20110184459 Malkowski et al. Jul 2011 A1
20110192882 Hess et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110199225 Touchberry et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110208093 Gross et al. Aug 2011 A1
20110210156 Smith et al. Sep 2011 A1
20110218550 Ma Sep 2011 A1
20110241597 Zhu et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110253765 Nicholas Oct 2011 A1
20110257650 Deville et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110264119 Bayon et al. Oct 2011 A1
20110275901 Shelton, IV Nov 2011 A1
20110276083 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110278343 Knodel et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110279268 Konishi et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110282446 Schulte et al. Nov 2011 A1
20110290856 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110293690 Griffin et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110295295 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110307023 Tweden et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110313894 Dye et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110315413 Fisher et al. Dec 2011 A1
20110319882 Kennedy Dec 2011 A1
20120004636 Lo Jan 2012 A1
20120007550 Juergens Jan 2012 A1
20120016239 Barthe et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120016413 Timm et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120018326 Racenet et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022523 Smith et al. Jan 2012 A1
20120022630 Wübbeling Jan 2012 A1
20120029272 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120033360 Hsu Feb 2012 A1
20120045303 Macdonald Feb 2012 A1
20120046692 Smith et al. Feb 2012 A1
20120062171 Smith et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120064483 Lint et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120074200 Schmid et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120078071 Bohm et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120078244 Worrell et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120078278 Bales, Jr. et al. Mar 2012 A1
20120080336 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120080340 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120080344 Shelton, IV Apr 2012 A1
20120080475 Smith et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120080478 Morgan et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120080498 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120089131 Zemlok et al. Apr 2012 A1
20120110810 Houser et al. May 2012 A1
20120116265 Houser et al. May 2012 A1
20120116367 Houser et al. May 2012 A1
20120116388 Houser et al. May 2012 A1
20120116391 Houser et al. May 2012 A1
20120116395 Madan et al. May 2012 A1
20120123203 Riva May 2012 A1
20120125792 Cassivi May 2012 A1
20120138658 Ulrich et al. Jun 2012 A1
20120171539 Rejman et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120175398 Sandborn et al. Jul 2012 A1
20120187179 Gleiman Jul 2012 A1
20120209289 Duque et al. Aug 2012 A1
20120223121 Viola et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120228355 Cornbrowski et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120234895 O'Connor et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120234897 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120234899 Scheib et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120241492 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120241493 Baxter, III et al. Sep 2012 A1
20120248167 Flanagan et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120248169 Widenhouse et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120251861 Liang et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120253329 Zemlok et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120265176 Braun Oct 2012 A1
20120271285 Sholev et al. Oct 2012 A1
20120273550 Scirica Nov 2012 A1
20120277780 Smith et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120283707 Giordano et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120286021 Kostrzewski et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120289979 Eskaros et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120292367 Morgan et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120296333 Twomey Nov 2012 A1
20120298722 Hess et al. Nov 2012 A1
20120310255 Brisson et al. Dec 2012 A1
20120310256 Brisson Dec 2012 A1
20120325892 Kostrzewski Dec 2012 A1
20130012983 Kleyman Jan 2013 A1
20130018361 Bryant Jan 2013 A1
20130020375 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130020376 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130023861 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130026208 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130026210 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130026973 Luke et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130030608 Taylor et al. Jan 2013 A1
20130032626 Smith et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130037596 Bear et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130046290 Palmer et al. Feb 2013 A1
20130060278 Bozung et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130062391 Boudreaux et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130068816 Mandakolathur Vasudevan et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130075446 Wang et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130079814 Hess et al. Mar 2013 A1
20130087597 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130087599 Krumanaker et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130087602 Olson et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130090534 Burns et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130098970 Racenet et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130103023 Monson et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130103024 Monson et al. Apr 2013 A1
20130105548 Hodgkinson et al. May 2013 A1
20130116668 Shelton, IV et al. May 2013 A1
20130116669 Shelton, IV et al. May 2013 A1
20130119108 Altman et al. May 2013 A1
20130123822 Wellman et al. May 2013 A1
20130126379 Medhal et al. May 2013 A1
20130131476 Siu et al. May 2013 A1
20130131651 Strobl et al. May 2013 A1
20130146641 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130146642 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130150832 Belson et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130153633 Casasanta, Jr. et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130153634 Carter et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130153635 Hodgkinson Jun 2013 A1
20130153636 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130153638 Carter et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130153641 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2013 A1
20130168431 Zemlok et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130172929 Hess et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130175317 Yates et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130175322 Yates et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130181033 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130181034 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130186933 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130186934 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130190733 Giordano et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130190757 Yates et al. Jul 2013 A1
20130193189 Swensgard et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130197556 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130214025 Zemlok et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130214030 Aronhalt et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130221059 Racenet et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130221063 Aronhalt et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130221064 Aronhalt et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130221065 Aronhalt et al. Aug 2013 A1
20130233905 Sorrentino et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130233906 Hess et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130233908 Knodel et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130238021 Gross et al. Sep 2013 A1
20130248578 Arteaga Gonzalez Sep 2013 A1
20130256371 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256373 Schmid et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256374 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256375 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256377 Schmid et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256378 Schmid et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256379 Schmid et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256380 Schmid et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256382 Swayze et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130256383 Aronhalt et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130261648 Laurent et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130267945 Behnke et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130270322 Scheib et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130277412 Gresham et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130282052 Aranyi et al. Oct 2013 A1
20130310873 Stopek et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130313304 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130313306 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2013 A1
20130317486 Nicholas Nov 2013 A1
20130319706 Nicholas et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130324981 Smith et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130324982 Smith et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130327809 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130327810 Swayze et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130334283 Swayze et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130334284 Swayze et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130334285 Swayze et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130334286 Swayze et al. Dec 2013 A1
20130334287 Shelton, IV Dec 2013 A1
20130334288 Shelton, IV Dec 2013 A1
20130341374 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2013 A1
20140001231 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140001234 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140001237 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140001238 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140001239 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140001240 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140005640 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140005678 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140005681 Gee et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140005693 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140005694 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140005702 Timm et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140005703 Stulen et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140005718 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140008414 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140012237 Pribanic et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140012238 Chen et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140012289 Snow et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140014705 Baxter, III Jan 2014 A1
20140015782 Kim et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140018832 Shelton, IV Jan 2014 A1
20140025046 Williams et al. Jan 2014 A1
20140042205 Baxter, III et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140048580 Merchant et al. Feb 2014 A1
20140061279 Laurent et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140061280 Ingmanson et al. Mar 2014 A1
20140081176 Hassan Mar 2014 A1
20140100558 Schmitz et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140103093 Koch, Jr. et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140107640 Yates et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140110453 Wingardner Apr 2014 A1
20140110455 Ingmanson et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140114327 Boudreaux et al. Apr 2014 A1
20140128850 Kerr et al. May 2014 A1
20140138423 Whitfield et al. May 2014 A1
20140151431 Hodgkinson et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140151433 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140158747 Measamer et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140166722 Hess et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140166724 Schellin et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140166725 Schellin et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140166726 Schellin et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140171966 Giordano et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140175150 Shelton et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140175152 Hess et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140175154 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2014 A1
20140191014 Shelton, IV Jul 2014 A1
20140191015 Shelton, IV Jul 2014 A1
20140203061 Hodgkinson Jul 2014 A1
20140205637 Widenhouse et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140207125 Applegate et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140207166 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2014 A1
20140224857 Schmid Aug 2014 A1
20140230595 Butt et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140232316 Philipp Aug 2014 A1
20140236184 Leimbach et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140239036 Zerkle et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140239038 Leimbach et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140243865 Swayze et al. Aug 2014 A1
20140246475 Hall et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140249557 Koch, Jr. et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140252066 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140252068 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140259591 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140263541 Leimbach et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140263552 Hall et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140263554 Leimbach et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140263558 Hausen et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140263562 Patel et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140263572 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140276730 Boudreaux et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140276749 Johnson Sep 2014 A1
20140284371 Morgan et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140284373 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140288460 Ouyang et al. Sep 2014 A1
20140291378 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140291379 Schellin et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140291383 Spivey et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140296873 Morgan et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140296874 Morgan et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140299648 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140303645 Morgan et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140303646 Morgan et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140305990 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140305991 Parihar et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140309665 Parihar et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140309666 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2014 A1
20140330161 Swayze et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140339286 Motooka et al. Nov 2014 A1
20140352463 Parihar Dec 2014 A1
20140353358 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140367447 Woodard, Jr. et al. Dec 2014 A1
20140378950 Chiu Dec 2014 A1
20150008248 Giordano et al. Jan 2015 A1
20150034696 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150038986 Swensgard et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150041518 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053737 Leimbach et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053738 Morgan et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053739 Morgan et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053740 Shelton, IV Feb 2015 A1
20150053741 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053742 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053743 Yates et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053744 Swayze et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053745 Yates et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053746 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150053748 Yates et al. Feb 2015 A1
20150060518 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150060519 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150060520 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150060521 Weisenburgh, II et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150076207 Boudreaux et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150076208 Shelton, IV Mar 2015 A1
20150076209 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150076210 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150076212 Shelton, IV Mar 2015 A1
20150080868 Kerr Mar 2015 A1
20150083780 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150083781 Giordano et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150083782 Scheib et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150083783 Shelton, IV et al. Mar 2015 A1
20150090759 Spivey et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150090760 Giordano et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150090761 Giordano et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150090762 Giordano et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150090763 Murray et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150108199 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2015 A1
20150122869 Aronhalt et al. May 2015 A1
20150136830 Baxter, III et al. May 2015 A1
20150136831 Baxter, III et al. May 2015 A1
20150136832 Baxter, III et al. May 2015 A1
20150136833 Shelton, IV et al. May 2015 A1
20150136835 Shelton, IV et al. May 2015 A1
20150150620 Miyamoto et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150157354 Bales, Jr. et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173744 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173745 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173746 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173747 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173749 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173750 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173751 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173755 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173756 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173760 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173761 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173762 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150173789 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2015 A1
20150182220 Yates et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150182222 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150196295 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150196296 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150196299 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150196347 Yates et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150196348 Yates et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201932 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201935 Weisenburgh, II et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201936 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201937 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201938 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201939 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201940 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150201941 Swayze et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150209031 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150209038 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150209039 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150209041 Milliman et al. Jul 2015 A1
20150223809 Scheib et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150223816 Morgan et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150230783 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150230784 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150231409 Racenet et al. Aug 2015 A1
20150265276 Huitema et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150265357 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2015 A1
20150272557 Overmyer et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150272569 Leimbach et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150272571 Leimbach et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150272572 Overmyer et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150272574 Leimbach et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150272575 Leimbach et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150272578 Leimbach Oct 2015 A1
20150272580 Leimbach et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150272582 Leimbach et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150280384 Leimbach Oct 2015 A1
20150282809 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150282810 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150289873 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150289874 Leimbach et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297210 Widenhouse et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297218 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297219 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297221 Kerr et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297222 Huitema et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297223 Huitema et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297224 Hall et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297225 Huitema et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297226 Hall et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297228 Huitema et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297229 Schellin et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297231 Huitema et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297232 Huitema et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297233 Huitema et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297234 Schellin et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297235 Harris et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150297236 Harris et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150305744 Moore et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150305745 Baxter, III et al. Oct 2015 A1
20150313591 Baxter, III et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150313594 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150327853 Aronhalt et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150327864 Hodgkinson et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150335328 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150335329 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2015 A1
20150342606 Schmid et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150342607 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150351763 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150359536 Cropper et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150374367 Hall et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150374368 Swayze et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150374369 Yates et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150374374 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150374375 Shelton, IV et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150374376 Shelton, IV Dec 2015 A1
20150374377 Shelton, IV Dec 2015 A1
20150374378 Giordano et al. Dec 2015 A1
20150374379 Shelton, IV Dec 2015 A1
20160000430 Ming et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000431 Giordano et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000432 Huang et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000437 Giordano et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000438 Swayze et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000439 Weisenburgh, II et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000440 Weisenburgh, II et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000441 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000442 Shelton, IV Jan 2016 A1
20160000452 Yates et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000453 Yates et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160000513 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160007992 Yates et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160008023 Yates et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160015390 Timm et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160015391 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2016 A1
20160051257 Shelton, IV et al. Feb 2016 A1
20160058443 Yates et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160066911 Baber et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160066912 Baber et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160066913 Swayze et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160066915 Baber et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160066916 Overmyer Mar 2016 A1
20160069449 Kanai et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160074038 Leimbach et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160074040 Widenhouse et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160089137 Hess et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160089141 Harris et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160089142 Harris et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160089143 Harris et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160089146 Harris et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160089147 Harris et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160089148 Harris et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160089149 Harris et al. Mar 2016 A1
20160100837 Huang et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160106424 Yates Apr 2016 A1
20160106426 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160106427 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160106431 Shelton, IV et al. Apr 2016 A1
20160113653 Zingman Apr 2016 A1
20160120544 Shelton, IV et al. May 2016 A1
20160120545 Shelton, IV et al. May 2016 A1
20160120547 Schmid et al. May 2016 A1
20160128694 Baxter, III et al. May 2016 A1
20160135812 Shelton, IV et al. May 2016 A1
20160166256 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174969 Kerr et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174970 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174971 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174972 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174973 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174974 Schmid et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174975 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174976 Morgan et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174983 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174984 Smith et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160174985 Baxter, III et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160183939 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160183943 Shelton, IV Jun 2016 A1
20160183944 Swensgard et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160183945 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160183947 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160183948 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160183950 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160184039 Shelton, IV et al. Jun 2016 A1
20160192916 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160192917 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160192918 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160192929 Schmid et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160192933 Shelton, IV Jul 2016 A1
20160192936 Leimbach et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160192996 Spivey et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160192997 Spivey et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160199059 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160199061 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160199063 Mandakolathur Vasudevan et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160199064 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160199088 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160199089 Hess et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160199956 Shelton, IV et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160206309 Hess et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160206310 Shelton, IV Jul 2016 A1
20160206314 Scheib et al. Jul 2016 A1
20160220246 Timm et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160220247 Timm et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160220248 Timm et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160220249 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160220254 Baxter, III et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160220266 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160220268 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160235403 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160235404 Shelton, IV Aug 2016 A1
20160235405 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160235406 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160235408 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160235409 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160235494 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160238108 Kanai et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242768 Moore et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242769 Moore et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242770 Moore et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242775 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242776 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242777 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242780 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242781 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242782 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160242783 Shelton, IV et al. Aug 2016 A1
20160249908 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249909 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249910 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249911 Timm et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249915 Beckman et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249916 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249917 Beckman et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249918 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249919 Savage et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249922 Morgan et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249927 Beckman et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249930 Hall et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160249945 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256071 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256153 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256154 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256155 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256156 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256160 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256161 Overmyer Sep 2016 A1
20160256162 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256163 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256185 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256186 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256187 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160256229 Morgan et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160262745 Morgan et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160262746 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160262760 Shelton, IV et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160270780 Hall et al. Sep 2016 A1
20160287249 Alexander, III et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160287250 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160287251 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160287253 Shelton, IV et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160287254 Baxter, III et al. Oct 2016 A1
20160331375 Shelton, IV et al. Nov 2016 A1
20160367245 Wise et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160367246 Baxter, III et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160367247 Weaner et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160367248 Baxter, III et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160367254 Baxter, III et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160367255 Wise et al. Dec 2016 A1
20160367256 Hensel et al. Dec 2016 A1
20170014129 Shelton, IV et al. Jan 2017 A1
20170079641 Overmyer et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170079642 Overmyer et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170079643 Yates et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170079644 Overmyer et al. Mar 2017 A1
20170079647 Yates et al. Mar 2017 A1
Foreign Referenced Citations (1293)
Number Date Country
2008207624 Mar 2009 AU
2010214687 Sep 2010 AU
2012200178 Jul 2013 AU
2458946 Mar 2003 CA
2477181 Apr 2004 CA
2512960 Jan 2006 CA
2514274 Jan 2006 CA
2639177 Feb 2009 CA
2576347 Aug 2015 CA
86100996 Sep 1986 CN
1163558 Oct 1997 CN
2488482 May 2002 CN
1424891 Jun 2003 CN
1523725 Aug 2004 CN
1545154 Nov 2004 CN
1634601 Jul 2005 CN
1636525 Jul 2005 CN
1636526 Jul 2005 CN
2716900 Aug 2005 CN
2738962 Nov 2005 CN
1726874 Feb 2006 CN
1726878 Feb 2006 CN
1868411 Nov 2006 CN
1915180 Feb 2007 CN
2868212 Feb 2007 CN
1960679 May 2007 CN
101011286 Aug 2007 CN
101073509 Nov 2007 CN
200991269 Dec 2007 CN
101095621 Jan 2008 CN
101111196 Jan 2008 CN
201001747 Jan 2008 CN
101137402 Mar 2008 CN
101143105 Mar 2008 CN
201029899 Mar 2008 CN
101224122 Jul 2008 CN
101224124 Jul 2008 CN
101254126 Sep 2008 CN
101507620 Aug 2009 CN
101507622 Aug 2009 CN
101507623 Aug 2009 CN
101507625 Aug 2009 CN
101507628 Aug 2009 CN
101534724 Sep 2009 CN
101541251 Sep 2009 CN
101626731 Jan 2010 CN
101669833 Mar 2010 CN
101675898 Mar 2010 CN
101683280 Mar 2010 CN
101801284 Aug 2010 CN
101828940 Sep 2010 CN
101868203 Oct 2010 CN
101873834 Oct 2010 CN
101912285 Dec 2010 CN
101028205 Jan 2011 CN
101933824 Jan 2011 CN
101934098 May 2011 CN
102038531 May 2011 CN
102038532 May 2011 CN
101534722 Jun 2011 CN
101361666 Aug 2011 CN
201949071 Aug 2011 CN
101224119 Sep 2011 CN
101336835 Sep 2011 CN
102188270 Sep 2011 CN
101779977 Dec 2011 CN
101534723 Jan 2012 CN
101310680 Apr 2012 CN
101912284 Jul 2012 CN
202397539 Aug 2012 CN
202426586 Sep 2012 CN
101317782 Oct 2012 CN
101507639 Nov 2012 CN
102835977 Dec 2012 CN
101507633 Feb 2013 CN
101023879 Mar 2013 CN
101507624 Mar 2013 CN
101327137 Jun 2013 CN
101401736 Jun 2013 CN
101332110 Jul 2013 CN
101683281 Jan 2014 CN
103648408 Mar 2014 CN
203564285 Apr 2014 CN
203564287 Apr 2014 CN
203597997 May 2014 CN
103908313 Jul 2014 CN
203736251 Jul 2014 CN
102973300 Oct 2014 CN
102793571 Dec 2014 CN
104337556 Feb 2015 CN
102166129 Mar 2015 CN
102113902 Apr 2015 CN
102247177 Feb 2016 CN
103750872 May 2016 CN
273689 May 1914 DE
1775926 Jan 1972 DE
3036217 Apr 1982 DE
3212828 Nov 1982 DE
3210466 Sep 1983 DE
3709067 Sep 1988 DE
4228909 Mar 1994 DE
9412228 Sep 1994 DE
19509116 Sep 1996 DE
19534043 Mar 1997 DE
19707373 Feb 1998 DE
19851291 Jan 2000 DE
19924311 Nov 2000 DE
69328576 Jan 2001 DE
20016423 Feb 2001 DE
10052679 May 2001 DE
20112837 Oct 2001 DE
20121753 Apr 2003 DE
10314827 Apr 2004 DE
10314072 Oct 2004 DE
202004012389 Nov 2004 DE
202007003114 Jun 2007 DE
102010013150 Sep 2011 DE
0000756 Feb 1979 EP
0122046 Oct 1984 EP
0070230 Oct 1985 EP
0156774 Oct 1985 EP
0072754 Apr 1986 EP
0033548 May 1986 EP
0077262 Aug 1986 EP
0189807 Aug 1986 EP
0212278 Mar 1987 EP
0129442 Nov 1987 EP
0255631 Feb 1988 EP
0276104 Jul 1988 EP
0379721 Aug 1990 EP
0178940 Jan 1991 EP
0178941 Jan 1991 EP
0169044 Jun 1991 EP
0248844 Jan 1993 EP
0539762 May 1993 EP
0545029 Jun 1993 EP
0548998 Jun 1993 EP
0277959 Oct 1993 EP
0591946 Oct 1993 EP
0233940 Nov 1993 EP
0261230 Nov 1993 EP
0639349 Feb 1994 EP
0324636 Mar 1994 EP
0593920 Apr 1994 EP
0594148 Apr 1994 EP
0427949 Jun 1994 EP
0523174 Jun 1994 EP
0600182 Jun 1994 EP
0310431 Nov 1994 EP
0375302 Nov 1994 EP
0376562 Nov 1994 EP
0623311 Nov 1994 EP
0630612 Dec 1994 EP
0630614 Dec 1994 EP
0634144 Jan 1995 EP
0646356 Apr 1995 EP
0646357 Apr 1995 EP
0505036 May 1995 EP
0653189 May 1995 EP
0669104 Aug 1995 EP
0387980 Oct 1995 EP
0511470 Oct 1995 EP
0674876 Oct 1995 EP
0679367 Nov 1995 EP
0392547 Dec 1995 EP
0685204 Dec 1995 EP
0686374 Dec 1995 EP
0364216 Jan 1996 EP
0699418 Mar 1996 EP
0702937 Mar 1996 EP
0488768 Apr 1996 EP
0705571 Apr 1996 EP
0528478 May 1996 EP
0711611 May 1996 EP
0484677 Jun 1996 EP
0541987 Jul 1996 EP
0667119 Jul 1996 EP
0737446 Oct 1996 EP
0748614 Dec 1996 EP
0708618 Mar 1997 EP
0770355 May 1997 EP
0503662 Jun 1997 EP
0447121 Jul 1997 EP
0621009 Jul 1997 EP
0625077 Jul 1997 EP
0633749 Aug 1997 EP
0710090 Aug 1997 EP
0578425 Sep 1997 EP
0623312 Sep 1997 EP
0621006 Oct 1997 EP
0625335 Nov 1997 EP
0552423 Jan 1998 EP
0592244 Jan 1998 EP
0648476 Jan 1998 EP
0649290 Mar 1998 EP
0598618 Sep 1998 EP
0676173 Sep 1998 EP
0678007 Sep 1998 EP
0869104 Oct 1998 EP
0603472 Nov 1998 EP
0605351 Nov 1998 EP
0878169 Nov 1998 EP
0879742 Nov 1998 EP
0695144 Dec 1998 EP
0722296 Dec 1998 EP
0760230 Feb 1999 EP
0623316 Mar 1999 EP
0650701 Mar 1999 EP
0537572 Jun 1999 EP
0923907 Jun 1999 EP
0640317 Sep 1999 EP
0843906 Mar 2000 EP
0552050 May 2000 EP
0833592 May 2000 EP
0832605 Jun 2000 EP
0830094 Sep 2000 EP
1034747 Sep 2000 EP
1034748 Sep 2000 EP
0694290 Nov 2000 EP
1053719 Nov 2000 EP
1053720 Nov 2000 EP
1055399 Nov 2000 EP
1055400 Nov 2000 EP
7050278 Nov 2000 EP
1053177 Dec 2000 EP
1080694 Mar 2001 EP
1090592 Apr 2001 EP
1095627 May 2001 EP
0806914 Sep 2001 EP
0768840 Dec 2001 EP
0903152 Jan 2002 EP
0717959 Feb 2002 EP
0872213 May 2002 EP
0862386 Jun 2002 EP
0949886 Sep 2002 EP
1238634 Sep 2002 EP
0858295 Dec 2002 EP
0656188 Jan 2003 EP
0717960 Feb 2003 EP
1284120 Feb 2003 EP
1287788 Mar 2003 EP
0717966 Apr 2003 EP
0869742 May 2003 EP
0829235 Jun 2003 EP
0887046 Jul 2003 EP
1323384 Jul 2003 EP
0852480 Aug 2003 EP
0891154 Sep 2003 EP
0813843 Oct 2003 EP
0873089 Oct 2003 EP
0856326 Nov 2003 EP
1374788 Jan 2004 EP
0741996 Feb 2004 EP
0814712 Feb 2004 EP
1402837 Mar 2004 EP
0705570 Apr 2004 EP
0959784 Apr 2004 EP
1407719 Apr 2004 EP
1411626 Apr 2004 EP
1086713 May 2004 EP
0996378 Jun 2004 EP
1426012 Jun 2004 EP
0833593 Jul 2004 EP
1442694 Aug 2004 EP
0888749 Sep 2004 EP
0959786 Sep 2004 EP
1453432 Sep 2004 EP
1459695 Sep 2004 EP
1254636 Oct 2004 EP
1473819 Nov 2004 EP
1477119 Nov 2004 EP
1479345 Nov 2004 EP
1479347 Nov 2004 EP
1479348 Nov 2004 EP
0754437 Dec 2004 EP
1025807 Dec 2004 EP
1001710 Jan 2005 EP
1496805 Jan 2005 EP
1256318 Feb 2005 EP
1520521 Apr 2005 EP
1520522 Apr 2005 EP
1520523 Apr 2005 EP
1520525 Apr 2005 EP
1522264 Apr 2005 EP
1523942 Apr 2005 EP
1550408 Jul 2005 EP
1557129 Jul 2005 EP
1064883 Aug 2005 EP
1067876 Aug 2005 EP
0870473 Sep 2005 EP
1157666 Sep 2005 EP
0880338 Oct 2005 EP
1158917 Nov 2005 EP
1344498 Nov 2005 EP
0906764 Dec 2005 EP
1330989 Dec 2005 EP
0771176 Jan 2006 EP
1621138 Feb 2006 EP
1621139 Feb 2006 EP
1621141 Feb 2006 EP
1621143 Feb 2006 EP
1621145 Feb 2006 EP
1621151 Feb 2006 EP
1034746 Mar 2006 EP
1201196 Mar 2006 EP
1632191 Mar 2006 EP
1647231 Apr 2006 EP
1065981 May 2006 EP
1082944 May 2006 EP
1230899 May 2006 EP
1652481 May 2006 EP
1382303 Jun 2006 EP
1253866 Jul 2006 EP
1676539 Jul 2006 EP
1032318 Aug 2006 EP
1045672 Aug 2006 EP
1617768 Aug 2006 EP
1693015 Aug 2006 EP
1400214 Sep 2006 EP
1702567 Sep 2006 EP
1129665 Nov 2006 EP
1400206 Nov 2006 EP
1721568 Nov 2006 EP
1256317 Dec 2006 EP
1285633 Dec 2006 EP
1723473 Dec 2006 EP
1723475 Dec 2006 EP
1736105 Dec 2006 EP
1011494 Jan 2007 EP
1479346 Jan 2007 EP
1484024 Jan 2007 EP
1749485 Feb 2007 EP
1754445 Feb 2007 EP
1759812 Mar 2007 EP
1767157 Mar 2007 EP
1767163 Mar 2007 EP
1563792 Apr 2007 EP
1769756 Apr 2007 EP
1769758 Apr 2007 EP
1581128 May 2007 EP
1780825 May 2007 EP
1785097 May 2007 EP
1790293 May 2007 EP
1790294 May 2007 EP
1563793 Jun 2007 EP
1791473 Jun 2007 EP
1800610 Jun 2007 EP
1300117 Aug 2007 EP
1813199 Aug 2007 EP
1813200 Aug 2007 EP
1813201 Aug 2007 EP
1813202 Aug 2007 EP
1813203 Aug 2007 EP
1813207 Aug 2007 EP
1813209 Aug 2007 EP
1815950 Aug 2007 EP
1330991 Sep 2007 EP
1806103 Sep 2007 EP
1837041 Sep 2007 EP
0922435 Oct 2007 EP
1487359 Oct 2007 EP
1599146 Oct 2007 EP
1839596 Oct 2007 EP
2110083 Oct 2007 EP
1679096 Nov 2007 EP
1857057 Nov 2007 EP
1402821 Dec 2007 EP
1872727 Jan 2008 EP
1550410 Feb 2008 EP
1671593 Feb 2008 EP
1897502 Mar 2008 EP
1611856 Apr 2008 EP
1903417 Apr 2008 EP
1917929 May 2008 EP
1330201 Jun 2008 EP
1702568 Jul 2008 EP
1943955 Jul 2008 EP
1943957 Jul 2008 EP
1943959 Jul 2008 EP
1943962 Jul 2008 EP
1943964 Jul 2008 EP
1943976 Jul 2008 EP
1593337 Aug 2008 EP
1970014 Sep 2008 EP
1974678 Oct 2008 EP
1980213 Oct 2008 EP
1980214 Oct 2008 EP
1759645 Nov 2008 EP
1987780 Nov 2008 EP
1990014 Nov 2008 EP
1992296 Nov 2008 EP
1552795 Dec 2008 EP
1693008 Dec 2008 EP
1759640 Dec 2008 EP
1997439 Dec 2008 EP
2000101 Dec 2008 EP
2000102 Dec 2008 EP
2005894 Dec 2008 EP
2005897 Dec 2008 EP
2005901 Dec 2008 EP
2008595 Dec 2008 EP
2025293 Feb 2009 EP
1736104 Mar 2009 EP
1749486 Mar 2009 EP
1782743 Mar 2009 EP
2039302 Mar 2009 EP
2039308 Mar 2009 EP
2039316 Mar 2009 EP
1721576 Apr 2009 EP
1733686 Apr 2009 EP
2044890 Apr 2009 EP
2055243 May 2009 EP
1550409 Jun 2009 EP
1550413 Jun 2009 EP
1719461 Jun 2009 EP
1834594 Jun 2009 EP
1709911 Jul 2009 EP
2077093 Jul 2009 EP
1745748 Aug 2009 EP
2090231 Aug 2009 EP
2090237 Aug 2009 EP
2090241 Aug 2009 EP
2090244 Aug 2009 EP
2090245 Aug 2009 EP
2090254 Aug 2009 EP
2090256 Aug 2009 EP
2093170 Sep 2009 EP
2095777 Sep 2009 EP
2100562 Sep 2009 EP
2110082 Oct 2009 EP
2110084 Oct 2009 EP
2111803 Oct 2009 EP
1762190 Nov 2009 EP
1813208 Nov 2009 EP
1908426 Nov 2009 EP
2116195 Nov 2009 EP
2116197 Nov 2009 EP
1607050 Dec 2009 EP
1815804 Dec 2009 EP
1875870 Dec 2009 EP
1878395 Jan 2010 EP
2151204 Feb 2010 EP
1813211 Mar 2010 EP
2165654 Mar 2010 EP
2165656 Mar 2010 EP
2165660 Mar 2010 EP
2165663 Mar 2010 EP
2165664 Mar 2010 EP
1566150 Apr 2010 EP
1813206 Apr 2010 EP
2184014 May 2010 EP
1769754 Jun 2010 EP
1854416 Jun 2010 EP
1911408 Jun 2010 EP
2198787 Jun 2010 EP
2214610 Aug 2010 EP
2218409 Aug 2010 EP
1647286 Sep 2010 EP
1825821 Sep 2010 EP
1535565 Oct 2010 EP
1702570 Oct 2010 EP
1785098 Oct 2010 EP
2005896 Oct 2010 EP
2030578 Nov 2010 EP
2036505 Nov 2010 EP
2245993 Nov 2010 EP
2245994 Nov 2010 EP
2253280 Nov 2010 EP
1627605 Dec 2010 EP
2027811 Dec 2010 EP
2130498 Dec 2010 EP
2258282 Dec 2010 EP
2263568 Dec 2010 EP
1994890 Jan 2011 EP
2005900 Jan 2011 EP
2277667 Jan 2011 EP
2283780 Feb 2011 EP
2286738 Feb 2011 EP
1494595 Mar 2011 EP
1690502 Mar 2011 EP
1884201 Mar 2011 EP
2292153 Mar 2011 EP
1769755 Apr 2011 EP
2090240 Apr 2011 EP
2305135 Apr 2011 EP
2308388 Apr 2011 EP
2314254 Apr 2011 EP
2316345 May 2011 EP
2316366 May 2011 EP
2319443 May 2011 EP
2324776 May 2011 EP
1813205 Jun 2011 EP
2042107 Jun 2011 EP
2090243 Jun 2011 EP
2329773 Jun 2011 EP
2090239 Jul 2011 EP
2340771 Jul 2011 EP
2353545 Aug 2011 EP
2361562 Aug 2011 EP
2377472 Oct 2011 EP
1836986 Nov 2011 EP
1903414 Nov 2011 EP
2153781 Nov 2011 EP
2387943 Nov 2011 EP
2389928 Nov 2011 EP
1847225 Dec 2011 EP
2397079 Dec 2011 EP
2399538 Dec 2011 EP
1785102 Jan 2012 EP
1316290 Feb 2012 EP
2415416 Feb 2012 EP
2090253 Mar 2012 EP
2430986 Mar 2012 EP
1347638 May 2012 EP
1943956 May 2012 EP
2446834 May 2012 EP
2455007 May 2012 EP
2457519 May 2012 EP
2462878 Jun 2012 EP
2462880 Jun 2012 EP
1813204 Jul 2012 EP
2189121 Jul 2012 EP
2248475 Jul 2012 EP
2478845 Jul 2012 EP
2005895 Aug 2012 EP
2090248 Aug 2012 EP
2481359 Aug 2012 EP
2484304 Aug 2012 EP
2486860 Aug 2012 EP
2486862 Aug 2012 EP
2486868 Aug 2012 EP
1908412 Sep 2012 EP
1935351 Sep 2012 EP
2497431 Sep 2012 EP
1550412 Oct 2012 EP
1616549 Oct 2012 EP
2030579 Oct 2012 EP
2090252 Oct 2012 EP
2517637 Oct 2012 EP
2517638 Oct 2012 EP
2517642 Oct 2012 EP
2517645 Oct 2012 EP
2517649 Oct 2012 EP
2517651 Oct 2012 EP
2526877 Nov 2012 EP
2526883 Nov 2012 EP
1884206 Mar 2013 EP
2286735 Mar 2013 EP
2090238 Apr 2013 EP
2586380 May 2013 EP
2586383 May 2013 EP
2606812 Jun 2013 EP
2606834 Jun 2013 EP
1982657 Jul 2013 EP
2614782 Jul 2013 EP
2617369 Jul 2013 EP
2090234 Sep 2013 EP
2633830 Sep 2013 EP
2644124 Oct 2013 EP
2644209 Oct 2013 EP
2649948 Oct 2013 EP
2649949 Oct 2013 EP
1997438 Nov 2013 EP
2684529 Jan 2014 EP
2687164 Jan 2014 EP
2700367 Feb 2014 EP
2713902 Apr 2014 EP
1772105 May 2014 EP
2743042 Jun 2014 EP
2759267 Jul 2014 EP
2764826 Aug 2014 EP
2764827 Aug 2014 EP
2767243 Aug 2014 EP
2772206 Sep 2014 EP
2772209 Sep 2014 EP
2777520 Sep 2014 EP
2777528 Sep 2014 EP
2777537 Sep 2014 EP
2777538 Sep 2014 EP
2786714 Oct 2014 EP
2792313 Oct 2014 EP
2803324 Nov 2014 EP
2815704 Dec 2014 EP
2446835 Jan 2015 EP
2845545 Mar 2015 EP
1943960 Apr 2015 EP
2090255 Apr 2015 EP
2923647 Sep 2015 EP
2923653 Sep 2015 EP
2923660 Sep 2015 EP
2944270 Nov 2015 EP
1774914 Dec 2015 EP
2090235 Apr 2016 EP
2823773 Apr 2016 EP
2131750 May 2016 EP
2298220 Jun 2016 EP
2510891 Jun 2016 EP
1915957 Aug 2016 EP
2296559 Aug 2016 EP
2777533 Oct 2016 EP
2364651 Nov 2016 EP
2116192 Mar 2017 EP
2311386 Jun 2017 EP
2839787 Jun 2017 EP
2745782 Oct 2017 EP
2396594 Feb 2013 ES
459743 Nov 1913 FR
999646 Feb 1952 FR
1112936 Mar 1956 FR
2452275 Apr 1983 FR
2593905 Nov 1987 FR
2689749 Jul 1994 FR
2765794 Jan 1999 FR
2815842 Oct 2000 FR
939929 Oct 1963 GB
1210522 Oct 1970 GB
1217159 Dec 1970 GB
1339394 Dec 1973 GB
2024012 Jan 1980 GB
2109241 Jun 1983 GB
2272159 May 1994 GB
2282424 May 1995 GB
2286435 Aug 1995 GB
2336214 Oct 1999 GB
2425903 Nov 2006 GB
2423199 May 2009 GB
2509523 Jul 2014 GB
930100110 Nov 1993 GR
S 47-11908 May 1972 JP
S 50-33988 Apr 1975 JP
S 56-112235 Sep 1981 JP
S 58500053 Jan 1983 JP
S 58-501360 Aug 1983 JP
S 59-174920 Mar 1984 JP
S 60-100955 Jun 1985 JP
S 60-212152 Oct 1985 JP
S 61-98249 May 1986 JP
S 61502036 Sep 1986 JP
S 62-170011 Oct 1987 JP
S 63-59764 Mar 1988 JP
S 63-147449 Jun 1988 JP
S 63-203149 Aug 1988 JP
H 02-279149 Nov 1990 JP
H 03-12126 Jan 1991 JP
H 03-18354 Jan 1991 JP
H 03-78514 Aug 1991 JP
H 03-85009 Aug 1991 JP
H 04-215747 Aug 1992 JP
H 04-131860 Dec 1992 JP
H 05-84252 Apr 1993 JP
H 05-123325 May 1993 JP
H 05-212039 Aug 1993 JP
H 05226945 Sep 1993 JP
H 06-7357 Jan 1994 JP
H 06-30945 Feb 1994 JP
H 06-54857 Mar 1994 JP
H 06-63054 Mar 1994 JP
H 06-26812 Apr 1994 JP
H 06-121798 May 1994 JP
H 06-125913 May 1994 JP
H 06-197901 Jul 1994 JP
H 06-237937 Aug 1994 JP
H 06-327684 Nov 1994 JP
H 07-9622 Feb 1995 JP
H 07-31623 Feb 1995 JP
H 07-47070 Feb 1995 JP
H 07-51273 Feb 1995 JP
H 07-124166 May 1995 JP
H 07-163573 Jun 1995 JP
H 07-163574 Jun 1995 JP
H 07-171163 Jul 1995 JP
H 07-255735 Oct 1995 JP
H 07-285089 Oct 1995 JP
H 07-299074 Nov 1995 JP
H 08-33641 Feb 1996 JP
H 08-33642 Feb 1996 JP
H 08-164141 Jun 1996 JP
H 08-173437 Jul 1996 JP
H 08-182684 Jul 1996 JP
H 08-215201 Aug 1996 JP
H 08-507708 Aug 1996 JP
H 08-229050 Sep 1996 JP
H 08-289895 Nov 1996 JP
H 08-336540 Dec 1996 JP
H 08-336544 Dec 1996 JP
H 09-501081 Feb 1997 JP
H 09-501577 Feb 1997 JP
H 09-164144 Jun 1997 JP
H 10-113352 May 1998 JP
H 10-118090 May 1998 JP
H 10-296660 Nov 1998 JP
H 10-512465 Dec 1998 JP
H 10-512469 Dec 1998 JP
2000-014632 Jan 2000 JP
2000-033071 Feb 2000 JP
2000-112002 Apr 2000 JP
2000-166932 Jun 2000 JP
2000-171730 Jun 2000 JP
3056672 Jun 2000 JP
2000-287987 Oct 2000 JP
2000-325303 Nov 2000 JP
2001-037763 Feb 2001 JP
2001-046384 Feb 2001 JP
2001-087272 Apr 2001 JP
2001-514541 Sep 2001 JP
2001-276091 Oct 2001 JP
2001-286477 Oct 2001 JP
2001-517473 Oct 2001 JP
2002-051974 Feb 2002 JP
2002-085415 Mar 2002 JP
2002-143078 May 2002 JP
2002-204801 Jul 2002 JP
2002-528161 Sep 2002 JP
2002-314298 Oct 2002 JP
2002-369820 Dec 2002 JP
2002-542186 Dec 2002 JP
2003-000603 Jan 2003 JP
2003-500153 Jan 2003 JP
2003-504104 Feb 2003 JP
2003-135473 May 2003 JP
2003-148903 May 2003 JP
2003-164066 Jun 2003 JP
2003-521301 Jul 2003 JP
2003-521304 Jul 2003 JP
2003-523251 Aug 2003 JP
2003-523254 Aug 2003 JP
2003-524431 Aug 2003 JP
3442423 Sep 2003 JP
2003-300416 Oct 2003 JP
2004-147701 May 2004 JP
2004-162035 Jun 2004 JP
2004-229976 Aug 2004 JP
2004-524076 Aug 2004 JP
2004-531280 Oct 2004 JP
2004-532084 Oct 2004 JP
2004-532676 Oct 2004 JP
2004-329624 Nov 2004 JP
2004-535217 Nov 2004 JP
2004-337617 Dec 2004 JP
2004-344662 Dec 2004 JP
2004-344663 Dec 2004 JP
2005-013573 Jan 2005 JP
2005-028147 Feb 2005 JP
2005-028148 Feb 2005 JP
2005-028149 Feb 2005 JP
2005-505309 Feb 2005 JP
2005-505322 Feb 2005 JP
2005-505334 Feb 2005 JP
2005-080702 Mar 2005 JP
2005-103280 Apr 2005 JP
2005-103281 Apr 2005 JP
2005-103293 Apr 2005 JP
2005-511131 Apr 2005 JP
2005-511137 Apr 2005 JP
2005-131163 May 2005 JP
2005-131164 May 2005 JP
2005-131173 May 2005 JP
2005-131211 May 2005 JP
2005-131212 May 2005 JP
2005-137423 Jun 2005 JP
2005-137919 Jun 2005 JP
2005-144183 Jun 2005 JP
2005-152416 Jun 2005 JP
2005-516714 Jun 2005 JP
2005-187954 Jul 2005 JP
2005-521109 Jul 2005 JP
2005-523105 Aug 2005 JP
2005-524474 Aug 2005 JP
4461008 Aug 2005 JP
2005-296412 Oct 2005 JP
2005-529675 Oct 2005 JP
2005-529677 Nov 2005 JP
2005-328882 Dec 2005 JP
2005-335432 Dec 2005 JP
2005-342267 Dec 2005 JP
2006-034975 Feb 2006 JP
2006-034977 Feb 2006 JP
2006-034978 Feb 2006 JP
2006-034980 Feb 2006 JP
2006-043451 Feb 2006 JP
2006-506106 Feb 2006 JP
2006-510879 Mar 2006 JP
3791856 Jun 2006 JP
2006-187649 Jul 2006 JP
2006-218228 Aug 2006 JP
2006-218297 Aug 2006 JP
2006-223872 Aug 2006 JP
2006-281405 Oct 2006 JP
2006-289064 Oct 2006 JP
2006-334412 Dec 2006 JP
2006-334417 Dec 2006 JP
2006-346445 Dec 2006 JP
2007-000634 Jan 2007 JP
2007-050253 Mar 2007 JP
2007-061628 Mar 2007 JP
2007-083051 Apr 2007 JP
2007-098130 Apr 2007 JP
2007-105481 Apr 2007 JP
3906843 Apr 2007 JP
2007-117725 May 2007 JP
2007-130471 May 2007 JP
2007-130479 May 2007 JP
2007-222615 Jun 2007 JP
3934161 Jun 2007 JP
2007-203047 Aug 2007 JP
2007-203049 Aug 2007 JP
2007-203051 Aug 2007 JP
2007-203055 Aug 2007 JP
2007-203057 Aug 2007 JP
2007-524435 Aug 2007 JP
2007-229448 Sep 2007 JP
2007-526026 Sep 2007 JP
2007-252916 Oct 2007 JP
4001860 Oct 2007 JP
2007-307373 Nov 2007 JP
2007-325922 Dec 2007 JP
2008-068073 Mar 2008 JP
2008-510515 Apr 2008 JP
2008-516669 May 2008 JP
2008-528203 Jul 2008 JP
2008-206967 Sep 2008 JP
2008-212637 Sep 2008 JP
2008-212638 Sep 2008 JP
2008-212640 Sep 2008 JP
2008-220956 Sep 2008 JP
2008-237881 Oct 2008 JP
2008-259860 Oct 2008 JP
2008-264535 Nov 2008 JP
2008-283459 Nov 2008 JP
2008-307393 Dec 2008 JP
2009-000531 Jan 2009 JP
2009-006137 Jan 2009 JP
2009-502351 Jan 2009 JP
2009-502352 Jan 2009 JP
2009-022742 Feb 2009 JP
2009-506799 Feb 2009 JP
2009-507526 Feb 2009 JP
2009-072595 Apr 2009 JP
2009-072599 Apr 2009 JP
2009-090113 Apr 2009 JP
2009-106752 May 2009 JP
2009-189821 Aug 2009 JP
2009-189823 Aug 2009 JP
2009-189836 Aug 2009 JP
2009-189837 Aug 2009 JP
2009-189838 Aug 2009 JP
2009-189846 Aug 2009 JP
2009-189847 Aug 2009 JP
2009-201998 Sep 2009 JP
2009-536082 Oct 2009 JP
2009-261944 Nov 2009 JP
2009-268908 Nov 2009 JP
2009-538684 Nov 2009 JP
2009-539420 Nov 2009 JP
2009-291604 Dec 2009 JP
2010-504808 Feb 2010 JP
2010-504809 Feb 2010 JP
2010-504813 Feb 2010 JP
2010-504846 Feb 2010 JP
2010-505524 Feb 2010 JP
2010-069307 Apr 2010 JP
2010-069310 Apr 2010 JP
2010-075694 Apr 2010 JP
2010-075695 Apr 2010 JP
2010-088876 Apr 2010 JP
2010-094514 Apr 2010 JP
2010-098844 Apr 2010 JP
2010-520025 Jun 2010 JP
2010-142636 Jul 2010 JP
2010-148879 Jul 2010 JP
2010-214166 Sep 2010 JP
4549018 Sep 2010 JP
2010-240411 Oct 2010 JP
2010-240429 Oct 2010 JP
2010-246948 Nov 2010 JP
2010-279690 Dec 2010 JP
2010-540041 Dec 2010 JP
2010-540192 Dec 2010 JP
2011-005260 Jan 2011 JP
2011-504391 Feb 2011 JP
2011-509786 Mar 2011 JP
2011-072797 Apr 2011 JP
2011-078763 Apr 2011 JP
2011-115594 Jun 2011 JP
2011-520564 Jul 2011 JP
2011-524199 Sep 2011 JP
4733373 Sep 2011 JP
2011-251156 Dec 2011 JP
2012-040398 Mar 2012 JP
2012-507356 Mar 2012 JP
2012-517289 Aug 2012 JP
5140421 Feb 2013 JP
5162595 Mar 2013 JP
2013-517891 May 2013 JP
2013-526342 Jun 2013 JP
2013-128791 Jul 2013 JP
5333899 Nov 2013 JP
20100110134 Oct 2010 KR
20110003229 Jan 2011 KR
1814161 May 1993 RU
2008830 Mar 1994 RU
2052979 Jan 1996 RU
2066128 Sep 1996 RU
2098025 Dec 1997 RU
1377052 Feb 1998 RU
2141279 Nov 1999 RU
2144791 Jan 2000 RU
2181566 Apr 2002 RU
2187249 Aug 2002 RU
2189091 Sep 2002 RU
32984 Oct 2003 RU
2225170 Mar 2004 RU
42750 Dec 2004 RU
61114 Feb 2007 RU
2007-103563 Aug 2008 RU
189517 Jan 1967 SU
328636 Sep 1972 SU
511939 Apr 1976 SU
674747 Jul 1979 SU
886900 Dec 1981 SU
1009439 Apr 1983 SU
1022703 Jun 1983 SU
1271497 Nov 1986 SU
1333319 Aug 1987 SU
1377053 Feb 1988 SU
1443874 Dec 1988 SU
1509051 Sep 1989 SU
1561964 May 1990 SU
1708312 Jan 1992 SU
1722476 Mar 1992 SU
1752361 Aug 1992 SU
WO 8202824 Sep 1982 WO
WO 8602254 Apr 1986 WO
WO 9115157 Oct 1991 WO
WO 9220295 Nov 1992 WO
WO 9221300 Dec 1992 WO
WO 9308755 May 1993 WO
WO 9313718 Jul 1993 WO
WO 9314690 Aug 1993 WO
WO 9315648 Aug 1993 WO
WO 9315850 Aug 1993 WO
WO 9319681 Oct 1993 WO
WO 9400060 Jan 1994 WO
WO 9411057 May 1994 WO
WO 9412108 Jun 1994 WO
WO 9414129 Jun 1994 WO
WO 9417737 Aug 1994 WO
WO 9418893 Sep 1994 WO
WO 9420030 Sep 1994 WO
WO 9422378 Oct 1994 WO
WO 9423659 Oct 1994 WO
WO 9424943 Nov 1994 WO
WO 9424947 Nov 1994 WO
WO 9502369 Jan 1995 WO
WO 9503743 Feb 1995 WO
WO 9506817 Mar 1995 WO
WO 9509576 Apr 1995 WO
WO 9509577 Apr 1995 WO
WO 9514436 Jun 1995 WO
WO 9517855 Jul 1995 WO
WO 9518383 Jul 1995 WO
WO 9518572 Jul 1995 WO
WO 9519739 Jul 1995 WO
WO 9520360 Aug 1995 WO
WO 9523557 Sep 1995 WO
WO 9524865 Sep 1995 WO
WO 9525471 Sep 1995 WO
WO 9526562 Oct 1995 WO
WO 9529639 Nov 1995 WO
WO 9604858 Feb 1996 WO
WO 9618344 Jun 1996 WO
WO 9619151 Jun 1996 WO
WO 9619152 Jun 1996 WO
WO 9620652 Jul 1996 WO
WO 9621119 Jul 1996 WO
WO 9622055 Jul 1996 WO
WO 9623448 Aug 1996 WO
WO 9624301 Aug 1996 WO
WO 9627337 Sep 1996 WO
WO 9631155 Oct 1996 WO
WO 9635464 Nov 1996 WO
WO 9639085 Dec 1996 WO
WO 9639086 Dec 1996 WO
WO 9639087 Dec 1996 WO
WO 9639088 Dec 1996 WO
WO 9639089 Dec 1996 WO
WO 9700646 Jan 1997 WO
WO 9700647 Jan 1997 WO
WO 9701989 Jan 1997 WO
WO 9706582 Feb 1997 WO
WO 9710763 Mar 1997 WO
WO 9710764 Mar 1997 WO
WO 9711648 Apr 1997 WO
WO 9711649 Apr 1997 WO
WO 9715237 May 1997 WO
WO 9724073 Jul 1997 WO
WO 9724993 Jul 1997 WO
WO 9730644 Aug 1997 WO
WO 9730659 Aug 1997 WO
WO 9734533 Sep 1997 WO
WO 9737598 Oct 1997 WO
WO 9739688 Oct 1997 WO
WO 9741767 Nov 1997 WO
WO 9801080 Jan 1998 WO
WO 9817180 Apr 1998 WO
WO 9822154 May 1998 WO
WO 9827880 Jul 1998 WO
WO 9830153 Jul 1998 WO
WO 9847436 Oct 1998 WO
WO 9858589 Dec 1998 WO
WO 9902090 Jan 1999 WO
WO 9903407 Jan 1999 WO
WO 9903408 Jan 1999 WO
WO 9903409 Jan 1999 WO
WO 9912483 Mar 1999 WO
WO 9912487 Mar 1999 WO
WO 9912488 Mar 1999 WO
WO 9915086 Apr 1999 WO
WO 9915091 Apr 1999 WO
WO 9923933 May 1999 WO
WO 9923959 May 1999 WO
WO 9925261 May 1999 WO
WO 9929244 Jun 1999 WO
WO 9934744 Jul 1999 WO
WO 9945849 Sep 1999 WO
WO 9948430 Sep 1999 WO
WO 9951158 Oct 1999 WO
WO 0024322 May 2000 WO
WO 0024330 May 2000 WO
WO 0033755 Jun 2000 WO
WO 0041638 Jul 2000 WO
WO 0048506 Aug 2000 WO
WO 0053112 Sep 2000 WO
WO 0054653 Sep 2000 WO
WO 00057796 Oct 2000 WO
WO 0064365 Nov 2000 WO
WO 0072762 Dec 2000 WO
WO 0072765 Dec 2000 WO
WO 0078222 Dec 2000 WO
WO 0103587 Jan 2001 WO
WO 0105702 Jan 2001 WO
WO 01010482 Feb 2001 WO
WO 0135845 May 2001 WO
WO 0154594 Aug 2001 WO
WO 0158371 Aug 2001 WO
WO 0162158 Aug 2001 WO
WO 0162161 Aug 2001 WO
WO 0162162 Aug 2001 WO
WO 0162163 Aug 2001 WO
WO 0162164 Aug 2001 WO
WO 0162169 Aug 2001 WO
WO 0178605 Oct 2001 WO
WO 0180757 Nov 2001 WO
WO 0191646 Dec 2001 WO
WO 0200121 Jan 2002 WO
WO 0207608 Jan 2002 WO
WO 0207618 Jan 2002 WO
WO 0217799 Mar 2002 WO
WO 0219920 Mar 2002 WO
WO 0219932 Mar 2002 WO
WO 0226143 Apr 2002 WO
WO 0230297 Apr 2002 WO
WO 0232322 Apr 2002 WO
WO 0236028 May 2002 WO
WO 0243571 Jun 2002 WO
WO 02058568 Aug 2002 WO
WO 02060328 Aug 2002 WO
WO 02065933 Aug 2002 WO
WO 02067785 Sep 2002 WO
WO 02080781 Oct 2002 WO
WO 02085218 Oct 2002 WO
WO 02087586 Nov 2002 WO
WO 02098302 Dec 2002 WO
WO 03000138 Jan 2003 WO
WO 03001329 Jan 2003 WO
WO 03001986 Jan 2003 WO
WO 03013363 Feb 2003 WO
WO 03013372 Feb 2003 WO
WO 03015604 Feb 2003 WO
WO 03020106 Mar 2003 WO
WO 03020139 Mar 2003 WO
WO 03024339 Mar 2003 WO
WO 2003079909 Mar 2003 WO
WO 03030743 Apr 2003 WO
WO 03037193 May 2003 WO
WO 2003047436 Jun 2003 WO
WO 03055402 Jul 2003 WO
WO 03057048 Jul 2003 WO
WO 03057058 Jul 2003 WO
WO 2003063694 Aug 2003 WO
WO 03077769 Sep 2003 WO
WO 03079911 Oct 2003 WO
WO 03082126 Oct 2003 WO
WO 03086206 Oct 2003 WO
WO 03088845 Oct 2003 WO
WO 03090630 Nov 2003 WO
WO 03094743 Nov 2003 WO
WO 03094745 Nov 2003 WO
WO 2003094746 Nov 2003 WO
WO 2003094747 Nov 2003 WO
WO 03101313 Dec 2003 WO
WO 03105698 Dec 2003 WO
WO 03105702 Dec 2003 WO
WO 2004004578 Jan 2004 WO
WO 2004006980 Jan 2004 WO
WO 2004011037 Feb 2004 WO
WO 2004014238 Feb 2004 WO
WO 2004019769 Mar 2004 WO
WO 2004019803 Mar 2004 WO
WO 2004021868 Mar 2004 WO
WO 2004028585 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004030554 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004032754 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004032760 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004032762 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004032763 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004032783 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004034875 Apr 2004 WO
WO 2004047626 Jun 2004 WO
WO 2004047653 Jun 2004 WO
WO 2004049956 Jun 2004 WO
WO 2004050971 Jun 2004 WO
WO 2004052426 Jun 2004 WO
WO 2004056276 Jul 2004 WO
WO 2004056277 Jul 2004 WO
WO 2004062516 Jul 2004 WO
WO 2004064600 Aug 2004 WO
WO 2004078050 Sep 2004 WO
WO 2004078051 Sep 2004 WO
WO 2004078236 Sep 2004 WO
WO 2004086987 Oct 2004 WO
WO 2004096015 Nov 2004 WO
WO 2004096057 Nov 2004 WO
WO 2004103157 Dec 2004 WO
WO 2004105593 Dec 2004 WO
WO 2004105621 Dec 2004 WO
WO 2004112618 Dec 2004 WO
WO 2004112652 Dec 2004 WO
WO 2005027983 Mar 2005 WO
WO 2005037329 Apr 2005 WO
WO 2005042041 May 2005 WO
WO 2005044078 May 2005 WO
WO 2005048809 Jun 2005 WO
WO 2005055846 Jun 2005 WO
WO 2005072634 Aug 2005 WO
WO 2005078892 Aug 2005 WO
WO 2005079675 Sep 2005 WO
WO 2005087128 Sep 2005 WO
WO 2005096954 Oct 2005 WO
WO 2005110243 Nov 2005 WO
WO 2005112806 Dec 2005 WO
WO 2005112808 Dec 2005 WO
WO 2005115251 Dec 2005 WO
WO 2005115253 Dec 2005 WO
WO 2005117735 Dec 2005 WO
WO 2005122936 Dec 2005 WO
WO 2005023486 Mar 2006 WO
WO 2006023578 Mar 2006 WO
WO 2006026520 Mar 2006 WO
WO 2006027014 Mar 2006 WO
WO 2006028314 Mar 2006 WO
WO 2006044490 Apr 2006 WO
WO 2006044581 Apr 2006 WO
WO 2006044810 Apr 2006 WO
WO 2006049852 May 2006 WO
WO 2006050360 May 2006 WO
WO 2006051252 May 2006 WO
WO 2006057702 Jun 2006 WO
WO 2006059067 Jun 2006 WO
WO 2006073581 Jul 2006 WO
WO 2006083748 Aug 2006 WO
WO 2006085389 Aug 2006 WO
WO 2006092563 Sep 2006 WO
WO 2006092565 Sep 2006 WO
WO 2006115958 Nov 2006 WO
WO 2006125940 Nov 2006 WO
WO 2006132992 Dec 2006 WO
WO 2007002180 Jan 2007 WO
WO 2007014355 Feb 2007 WO
WO 2007016290 Feb 2007 WO
WO 2007018898 Feb 2007 WO
WO 2007034161 Mar 2007 WO
WO 2007051000 May 2007 WO
WO 2007059233 May 2007 WO
WO 2007074430 Jul 2007 WO
WO 2007089603 Aug 2007 WO
WO 2007098220 Aug 2007 WO
WO 2007121579 Nov 2007 WO
WO 2007129121 Nov 2007 WO
WO 2007131110 Nov 2007 WO
WO 2007137304 Nov 2007 WO
WO 2007139734 Dec 2007 WO
WO 2007142625 Dec 2007 WO
WO 2007145825 Dec 2007 WO
WO 2007146987 Dec 2007 WO
WO 2007147439 Dec 2007 WO
WO 2008020964 Feb 2008 WO
WO 2008021687 Feb 2008 WO
WO 2008021969 Feb 2008 WO
WO 2008027972 Mar 2008 WO
WO 2008039237 Apr 2008 WO
WO 2008039249 Apr 2008 WO
WO 2008039270 Apr 2008 WO
WO 2008045383 Apr 2008 WO
WO 2008057281 May 2008 WO
WO 2008070763 Jun 2008 WO
WO 2008080148 Jul 2008 WO
WO 2008089404 Jul 2008 WO
WO 2008101080 Aug 2008 WO
WO 2008101228 Aug 2008 WO
WO 2008103797 Aug 2008 WO
WO 2008109123 Sep 2008 WO
WO 2008109125 Sep 2008 WO
WO 2008112912 Sep 2008 WO
WO 2008118728 Oct 2008 WO
WO 2008118928 Oct 2008 WO
WO 2008124748 Oct 2008 WO
WO 2008131357 Oct 2008 WO
WO 2009005969 Jan 2009 WO
WO 2009022614 Feb 2009 WO
WO 2009023851 Feb 2009 WO
WO 2009033057 Mar 2009 WO
WO 2009039506 Mar 2009 WO
WO 2009046394 Apr 2009 WO
WO 2009066105 May 2009 WO
WO 2009067649 May 2009 WO
WO 2009091497 Jul 2009 WO
WO 2009120944 Oct 2009 WO
WO 2009137761 Nov 2009 WO
WO 2009143092 Nov 2009 WO
WO 2009143331 Nov 2009 WO
WO 2009150650 Dec 2009 WO
WO 2009152307 Dec 2009 WO
WO 2010028332 Mar 2010 WO
WO 2010030434 Mar 2010 WO
WO 2010045425 Apr 2010 WO
WO 2010050771 May 2010 WO
WO 2010054404 May 2010 WO
WO 2010056714 May 2010 WO
WO 2010063795 Jun 2010 WO
WO 2010090940 Aug 2010 WO
WO 2010093333 Aug 2010 WO
WO 2010098871 Sep 2010 WO
WO 2011008672 Jan 2011 WO
WO 2011013103 Feb 2011 WO
WO 2011044343 Apr 2011 WO
WO 2011060311 May 2011 WO
WO 2011084969 Jul 2011 WO
WO 2011127137 Oct 2011 WO
WO 2012006306 Jan 2012 WO
WO 2012009431 Jan 2012 WO
WO 2012021671 Feb 2012 WO
WO 2012040438 Mar 2012 WO
WO 2012044551 Apr 2012 WO
WO 2012044554 Apr 2012 WO
WO 2012044597 Apr 2012 WO
WO 2012044606 Apr 2012 WO
WO 2012044820 Apr 2012 WO
WO 2012044844 Apr 2012 WO
WO 2012044853 Apr 2012 WO
WO 2012044854 Apr 2012 WO
WO 2012058213 May 2012 WO
WO 2012068156 May 2012 WO
WO 2012109760 Aug 2012 WO
WO 2012127462 Sep 2012 WO
WO 2012135705 Oct 2012 WO
WO 2012143913 Oct 2012 WO
WO 2012148667 Nov 2012 WO
WO 2012148668 Nov 2012 WO
WO 2012148703 Nov 2012 WO
WO 2012160163 Nov 2012 WO
WO 2012166503 Dec 2012 WO
WO 2013009252 Jan 2013 WO
WO 2013009699 Jan 2013 WO
WO 2013023114 Feb 2013 WO
WO 2013036409 Mar 2013 WO
WO 2013043707 Mar 2013 WO
WO 2013043717 Mar 2013 WO
WO 2013043721 Mar 2013 WO
WO 2013062978 May 2013 WO
WO 2013116869 Aug 2013 WO
WO 2013148762 Oct 2013 WO
WO 2013167427 Nov 2013 WO
WO 2013188130 Dec 2013 WO
WO 2014004199 Jan 2014 WO
WO 2014004294 Jan 2014 WO
WO 2014008289 Jan 2014 WO
WO 2014134034 Sep 2014 WO
WO 2014172213 Oct 2014 WO
WO 2015032797 Mar 2015 WO
WO 2015148136 Oct 2015 WO
WO 2015148141 Oct 2015 WO
WO 2015153642 Oct 2015 WO
Non-Patent Literature Citations (48)
Entry
US 5,635,474, 11/1997, Seeber (withdrawn)
Disclosed Anonymously, “Motor-Driven Surgical Stapler Improvements,” Research Disclosure Database No. 526041, Published: Feb. 2008.
C.C. Thompson et al., “Peroral Endoscopic Reduction of Dilated Gastrojejunal Anastomosis After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass: A Possible New Option for Patients with Weight Regain,” Surg Endosc (2006) vol. 20, pp. 1744-1748.
B.R. Coolman, DVM, MS et al., “Comparison of Skin Staples With Sutures for Anastomosis of the Small Intestine in Dogs,” Abstract; http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/doi/abs/10.1053/jvet.2000.7539?cookieSet=1&journalCode=vsu which redirects to http://www3.interscience.wiley.com/journal/119040681/abstract?CRETRY=1&SRETRY=0; [online] accessed: Sep. 22, 2008 (2 pages).
The Sodem Aseptic Battery Transfer Kit, Sodem Systems, (2000). 3 pages.
“Biomedical Coatings,” Fort Wayne Metals, Research Products Corporation, obtained online at www.fwmetals.com on Jun. 21, 2010 (1 page).
Van Meer et al., “A Disposable Plastic Compact Wrist for Smart Minimally invasive Surgical Tools,” LAAS/CNRS (Aug. 2005).
Breedveld et al., “A New, Easily Miniaturized Sterrable Endoscope,” IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Magazine (Nov./Dec. 2005).
D. Tuite, Ed., “Get the Lowdown on Ultracapacitors,” Nov. 15, 2007; [online] URL: http://electronicdesign.com/Articles/Print.cfm?ArticleID=17465, accessed Jan. 15, 2008 (5 pages).
Datasheet for Panasonic TK Relays Ultra Low Profile 2 A Polarized Relay, Copyright Matsushita Electric Works, Ltd. (Known of at least as early as Aug. 17, 2010), 5 pages.
ASTM procedure D2240-00. “Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness,” (Published Aug. 2000).
ASTM procedure D2240-05, “Standard Test Method for Rubber Property-Durometer Hardness,” (Published Apr. 2010).
Covidien Brochure, “Endo GIA™ Reloads with Tri-Staple™ Technology,” (2010), 1 page.
Covidien Brochure, “Endo GIA™ Reloads with Tri-Staple™ Technology and Endo GIA™ Ultra Universal Staplers,” (2010), 2 pages.
Covidien Brochure, “Endo GIA™ Black Reload with Tri-Staple™ Technology,” (2012), 2 pages.
Covidien Brochure, “Endo GIA™ Curved Tip Reload with Tri-Staple™ Technology,” (2012), 2 pages.
Covidien Brochure. “Endo GIA™ Reloads with Tri-Staple™ Technology,” (2010), 2 pages.
Covidien Brochure, “Endo GIA™ Ultra Universal Stapler,” (2010), 2 pages.
Miyata et al., “Biomolecule-Sensitive Hydrogels,” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 54 (2002) pp. 79-96.
Jeong et al., “Thermosensitive Sol-Gel Reversible Hydrogels,” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 54 (2002) pp. 37-51.
Byrne et al., “Molecular Imprinting Within Hydrogels,” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 54 (2002) pp. 149-161.
Qiu et al., “Environment-Sensitive Hydrogels for Drug Delivery,” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 53 (2001) pp. 321-339.
Hoffman, “Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications,” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 43 (2002) pp. 3-12.
Hoffman, “Hydrogels for Biomedical Applications,” Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews, 54 (2002) pp. 3-12.
Peppas, “Physiologically Responsive Hydrogels,” Journal of Bioactive and Compatible Polymers, vol. 6 (Jul. 1991) pp. 241-246.
Ebara, “Carbohydrate-Derived Hydrogels and Microgels,” Engineered Carbohydrate-Based Materials for Biomedical Applications: Polymers, Surfaes, Dendrimers, Nanoparticles, and Hydrogels, Edited by Ravin Narain, 2011, pp. 337-345.
Peppas, Editor “Hydrogels in Medicine and Pharmacy,” vol. I, Fundamentals, CRC Press, 1986.
Matsuda, “Thermodynamics of Formation of Porous Polymeric Membrane from Solutions,” Polymer Journal, vol. 23, No. 5, pp. 435-444 (1991).
Young, “Microcellular foams via phase separation,” Journal of Vacuum Science & Technology A 4(3), (May/Jun. 1986).
Chen et al., “Elastomeric Biomaterials for Tissue Engineering,” Progress in Polymer Science 38 (2013), pp. 584-671.
Pitt et al., “Attachment of Hyaluronan to Metallic Surfaces,” J. Biomed. Mater. Res. 68A: pp. 95-106, 2004.
Scheilhammer et al., “Poly-Lactic-Acid for Coating of Endovascular Stents: Preliminary Results in Canine Experimental Av-Fistulae,” Mat.-wiss. u. Werkstofftech., 32, pp. 193-199 (2001).
Solorio et al., “Gelatin Microspheres Crosslinked with Genipin for Local Delivery of Growth Factors,” J. Tissue Eng. Regen. Med (2010), 4(7): pp. 514-523.
http://ninpgan.net/publications/51-100/89.pdf; 2004, Ning Pan, On Uniqueness of Fibrous Materials, Design & Nature II. Eds: Colins, M. and Brebbia, C. WIT Press, Boston, 493-504.
Covidien iDrive™ Ultra in Service Reference Card, “iDrive™ Ultra Powered Stapling Device,” (4 pages).
Covidien iDrive™ Ultra Powered Stapling System ibrochure, “The Power of iDrive™ Ultra Powered Stapling System and Tri-Staple™ Technology,” (23 pages).
Seils et al., Covidien Summary: Clinical Study “UCONN Biodynamics: Final Report on Results,” (2 pages).
Covidien “iDrive™ Ultra Powered Stapling System, A Guide for Surgeons,” (6 pages).
Covidien “iDrive™ Ultra Powered Stapling System, Cleaning and Sterilization Guide,” (2 pages).
Covidien brochure “iDrive™ Ultra Powered Stapling System,” (6 pages).
“Indian Standard: Automotive Vehicles—Brakes and Braking Systems (IS 11852-1:2001)”, Mar. 1, 2001.
Fast, Versatile Blackfin Processors Handle Advanced RFID Reader Applications; Analog Dialogue: vol. 40—Sep. 2006; http://www.analog.com/library/analogDialogue/archives/40-09/rfid.pdf; Wayback Machine to Feb. 15, 2012.
Serial Communication Protocol; Michael Lemmon Feb. 1, 2009; http://www3.nd.edu/˜lemmon/courses/ee224/web-manual/web-manual/lab12/node2.html; Wayback Machine to Apr. 29, 2012.
Allegro MicroSystems, LLC, Automotive Full Bridge MOSFET Driver, A3941-DS, Rev. 5, 21 pages, http://www.allegromicro.com/˜/media/Files/Datasheets/A3941-Datasheet.ashx?la=en.
Patrick J. Sweeney: “RFID for Dummies”. Mar. 11, 2010, pp. 365-365, XP055150775, ISBN: 978-1-11-805447-5, Retrieved from the Internet: URL: books.google.de/books?isbn=1118054474[retrieved on Nov. 4, 2014]—book not attached.
Data Sheet of LM4F23OH5QR. 2007.
Cuper et al., “The Use of Near-Infrared Light for Safe and Effective Visualization of Subsurface Blood Vessels to Facilitate Blood Withdrawal in Children,” Medical Engineering & Physics, vol. 35, No. 4, pp. 433-440 (2013).
Anonymous, Analog Devices Wiki, Chapter 11: The Current Mirror, Aug. 20, 2017, 22 pages. https://wiki.analog.com/university/courses/electronics/text/chapter-11?rev=1503222341.
Related Publications (1)
Number Date Country
20170079650 A1 Mar 2017 US