Information
-
Patent Grant
-
6774322
-
Patent Number
6,774,322
-
Date Filed
Monday, December 16, 200221 years ago
-
Date Issued
Tuesday, August 10, 200420 years ago
-
Inventors
-
Original Assignees
-
Examiners
Agents
-
CPC
-
US Classifications
Field of Search
US
- 200 4
- 200 5 R
- 200 6 A
- 200 17 R
- 200 18
- 200 14
-
International Classifications
-
Abstract
A switch device in which two operators are aligned with another operator in between, and a switch device having a dial section (a middle operator) of a jog dial and operation buttons (outer operators) of two operation button switches placed closely to one anther with the dial section in between, and an operation plane of the operation button is formed on a slanted plane that becomes higher the further it is from the jog dial section.
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention relates to a switch device having three operators aligned in one direction, and a technology for improving its operability.
BACKGROUND ART
Conventionally, in a handy electronic apparatus such as a portable telephone and the like, a so-called jog dial is employed as a switch device for making selections, and the like, from a plurality of items (processes).
Also, there are switch devices, which have two push button switches aligned with the jog dial mentioned above in between, for confirming and executing the selection made from predetermined items through the jog dial mentioned above.
However, the jog dial and the two push button switches have the problem of poor operability.
That is, operation of the jog dial and operation of the two push button switches are usually carried out by using the same finger (for example, the thumb). However, no particular improvements are applied to the relationship (shape, relative position and the like) between the operators for the push button switches and the dial section (operator) of the jog dial. When operating the push button switch subsequent to an operation of the jog dial, the finger used to operate the jog dial must be moved away from the dial section, and it must be shifted to the operator of the push button switch. Thus, its operability is poor.
Also, when the three operators are closely arranged, there is a problem in that so-called simultaneous pushes, or accidents in which two adjacent operators are pushed simultaneously, happen frequently.
Therefore, the present invention makes it an issue to improve the operability of the operators in the above-mentioned switch device in which two operators are aligned with one operator in between, and also to prevent simultaneous pushes of a plurality of operators.
DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION
So, in order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a switch device according to the present invention is a switch device having a middle operator and two closely placed outer operators positioned to both sides of the middle operator, and is one in which an operation plane of each of the outer operators is formed with a slanted plane which becomes higher the further it is from the middle operator.
Thus, in the switch device according to the present invention, the outer operators adjacent to the middle operator can be operated just by putting a finger pad on the middle operator and then shifting the finger as if to roll it over the middle operator. Hence, it is possible to improve the operability, by one finger, of the switch device having three operators.
Also, in another switch device according to the present invention, the outer operators are rotatably provided on a rotation shaft which is substantially orthogonal to the alignment of the three operators, and substantially orthogonal to the direction in which operation planes are pressed, and further, the rotation shaft is placed on a side of the outer operator closer to the middle operator.
Thus, in another switch device according to the present invention, when the middle operator is operated, the outer operator can not be operated, and when the outer operator is operated, the middle operator can not be operated. Hence, it is possible to prevent so-called simultaneous pushes.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1
, along with
FIGS. 2
to
4
, shows the whole body of a folding portable telephone to which the switch device according to the present invention is applied, and the present drawing is a perspective view showing a condition where an upper case and a lower case are opened.
FIG. 2
is a perspective view showing a condition where the upper case and the lower case of the portable telephone in
FIG. 1
are folded.
FIG. 3
shows a condition where the upper case and the lower case of the portable telephone in
FIG. 1
are folded, and it is a perspective view from a direction different from that of FIG.
2
.
FIG. 4
is a front view showing a condition where the upper case and the lower case of the portable telephone in
FIG. 1
are opened.
FIG. 5
, along with
FIGS. 6
to
9
, shows a switch device according to the present invention, and the present drawing is a perspective view.
FIG. 6
is a front view of the switch device of FIG.
5
.
FIG. 7
is a bottom view showing the switch device of
FIG. 5
with a part thereof cut away.
FIG. 8
is an exploded perspective view of the switch device of FIG.
5
.
FIG. 9
is an exploded perspective view from a direction different from that of FIG.
8
.
FIG. 10
, along with
FIG. 11
, shows a condition where the switch device is operated with a finger, and the present drawing is a bottom view showing a middle operator being operated.
FIG. 11
is a bottom view showing the finger shifting from the middle operator to an outer operator.
FIG. 12
is a bottom view showing the outer operator being operated.
BEST EMBODIMENTS TO PRACTICE THE INVENTION
Details of a switch device according to the present invention are described below with reference to embodiments illustrated in the attached drawings.
By the way, each embodiment shown in drawing is a switch device, to which the switch device of the present invention is applied, of a mobile phone having a jog dial and two operators closely positioned to both sides of a dial section, which is an operator of the jog dial.
First, a portable telephone serving as a handy electronic apparatus employing a switch device according to the present invention is schematically described with reference to
FIGS. 1
to
4
.
A portable telephone
1
has a body case
2
made of synthetic resin, and various members are accommodated in or attached to the body case
2
.
In the body case
2
, a lower end of an upper case
3
and an upper end of a lower case
4
are linked to each other through a hinge
5
. Both of the cases
3
,
4
are freely rotatable between a closed condition where the respective fronts are engaged with each other and an opened condition where the fronts of both of the cases
3
,
4
are visible. By the way, in the opened condition for both of the cases
3
,
4
, an angle between the respective fronts of both of the cases
3
,
4
is set at about 160 degrees. Under such a condition, a part of the lower end of the upper case
3
and a part of the upper end of the lower case
4
meet each other, and the above-mentioned opened angle between both of the cases
3
,
4
is thereby regulated.
An antenna
6
is attached to the upper portion of the upper case
3
so that it can be freely pulled out and accommodated. Then, electric waves are transmitted to and received from a base station through the antenna
6
.
A speaker
7
serving as an electro-acoustic transducing means is placed on the front and upper portion of the upper case
3
. During a telephone conversation, audio from a conversation partner is outputted from this speaker
7
.
A microphone
8
serving as an acoustic-electric transducing means is placed on the front and lower portion of the lower case
4
. During a telephone conversation, audio from a user is collected by this microphone
8
.
A liquid crystal display (LCD)
9
serving as a display means is placed on a large proportion of an area on the front of the upper case
3
. It is designed so as to be able to indicate various information, such as signal strength, remaining amount of battery, telephone number of a conversation partner, contents registered in a telephone book (telephone number and name of the person on line and the like), transmission and reception history, other various registered contents, and the like.
Various operation keys
10
,
10
, . . . serving as input operating means are placed on a large proportion of an area on the front of the lower case
4
except an upper portion and a lower portion. A depression operation of these operation keys
10
,
10
, . . . enables inputting of various commands, characters and the like.
A switch device
11
serving as an input operating means different from the above-mentioned operation keys
10
,
10
, . . . is placed on a front and upper portion of the lower case
4
.
Push button switches
12
,
12
serving as further different input operating devices are placed at positions on the lower case
4
which are slightly separated to the right and left sides of the switch device
11
.
An opening
4
a
is formed on a bottom plane and lower portions of both side planes of the lower case
4
, and a protection member
13
made of elastomer is attached so as to cover the lower opening
4
a
from below and from both sides.
An interface connector (IF connector)
14
is placed within the lower opening
4
a
of the lower case
4
so as to protrude slightly downward from the lower opening
4
a.
An earphone jack
15
is placed at a position on the right side of the lower opening
4
a,
and the position is slightly above the lower end thereof.
In addition, the protection member
13
attached on the lower end of the lower case
4
is formed in such a size that covers the lower opening
4
a
of the lower case
4
as well as the IF connector
14
. Moreover, a connector cover section
13
a
for blockading the IF connector
14
and an earphone jack cover section
13
b
for blockading the earphone jack are integrated into a single unit.
As shown in detail in
FIGS. 5
to
9
, the switch device
11
is provided with a jog dial
20
, right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
and a rectangular frame
22
for unitizing the jog dial
20
and the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
. Operation buttons
24
,
24
serving as operators for the operation button switches
21
,
21
are positioned to the right and left directions of a dial section
23
which serves as an operator of the jog dial
20
. The dial section
23
corresponds to a middle operator, and the operation button switches
21
,
21
correspond to the outer operators.
The jog dial
20
includes the dial section
23
mentioned above having a cylindrical shape, and a base plate
25
shaped as a slightly thick plate, and having a concave section into which approximately one-third of the lower side of the dial section
23
laid in the center thereof is accommodated. Support bearing sections
26
,
26
for rotatably supporting both the right and left ends of the dial section
23
are fitted on the base plate
25
. Also, tongue pieces
27
,
27
protruding in the right and left directions are protuberantly formed to link with the frame body
22
of the switch device
11
. In addition, various contacts (not shown) are installed within the base plate
25
. Also, an encoder and the like are built into the support bearing sections
26
,
26
.
Then, execution of a rotational operation of the dial section
23
of the jog dial
20
enables scrolling of various indication items, such as a menu displayed on the liquid crystal display
9
, a transmission and reception history list, a telephone book list and the like, as well as displaying of an item selection cursor and the like.
Also, the jog dial
20
is made such that by way of a depression operation towards the inner direction of the lower case
4
, it is possible to confirm or execute an item displayed on the liquid crystal display
9
.
Moreover, it is also possible to select or execute predetermined items by operating the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
. For example, by operating the operation button switches
21
,
21
, it is possible to cancel (clear) an item which has been confirmed by the above-mentioned depression operation, or by the depression operation mentioned above, it is possible to go up the menu layer by one level during display of the menu, or to display a call-waiting menu if the user is on the phone.
By having small holes
27
a,
27
a
formed on the tongue pieces
27
,
27
of the base plate
25
externally engaged with small protrusions
22
a,
22
a
formed on the rear side of the frame body
22
, and by, for example, thermally welding tips of the small protrusions
22
a,
22
a,
the jog dial
20
is linked to the frame body
22
.
On the frame body
22
, as mentioned above, a jog dial placement hole
28
is formed in the center surrounded by respective frame pieces
22
u,
22
d,
22
r
and
22
l.
The frame pieces
22
r,
22
l
on the right and left sides of the jog dial placement hole
28
are formed on slightly wide flat portions
29
,
29
. Circular contact sections
30
,
30
are installed to the flat portions
29
,
29
at positions that are slightly biased towards the upper side than the center thereof.
Also, protuberant button rotation shafts
31
,
31
, . . . are protuberantly formed in the right and left ends of the upper and lower frame pieces
22
u,
22
d
of the frame body
22
(positions closer to the flat portions
29
,
29
), in upward and downward directions, respectively. Such button rotation shafts
31
,
31
, . . . are placed at positions, which in the upward and downward directions correspond to the positions of the support bearing sections
26
,
26
of the base plate
25
of the jog dial
20
.
By the way, in this embodiment, the jog dial
20
and the frame body
22
are designed as separate structures. However, the present invention is not limited as such, and they may be integrated into a single structure.
Also, the button rotation shaft
31
corresponds to the rotation shaft of the outer operator Further, the Direction of Alignment of the Three Operators is the right and left directions in this embodiment. And, the Depression Direction of the Operation Planes is a direction towards the inside of the lower case
4
in this embodiment. Ultimately, in this embodiment, the orientation of the rotation shaft (
31
) is the direction substantially orthogonal to both of them, namely, the upward and downward directions.
Supported pieces
32
,
32
, which are tongue-shaped and protrude externally, are formed at positions on the outer edges of the right and left frame pieces
22
r,
22
l
of the frame body
22
, and the positions are slightly closer to the lower portion than the center. Small holes
32
a,
32
a
are formed on the supported pieces
32
,
32
, respectively. In the supported pieces
32
,
32
, after the small holes
32
a,
32
a
are inserted into small protrusions (not shown) protuberantly formed on the rear side of the front half (reference numerals omitted) of the lower case
4
, the tips of the small protrusions are, for example, thermally welded, thereby attaching the switch device
11
inside the lower case
4
. And the dial section
23
of the jog dial
20
and the operation buttons
24
,
24
of the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
are projected through the surface of the lower case
4
.
The right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
of the switch device
11
are substantially identical in shape except for their symmetry. Therefore, only the left operation button switch
21
is described, and description of the right operation button switch
21
is omitted by giving the same reference numerals to the corresponding parts and sections.
The operation button switch
21
includes an operation button
24
in which the upper, lower and left sides are blockaded and the outer appearance is substantially semi-cylindrical, a depression piece
33
that is protuberantly formed on the rear edge of the operation button
24
towards the left direction and located in front of the flat portion
29
and supported pieces
34
,
34
that are protuberantly formed on the rear edge in upward and downward directions and further protrude from the rear sides at their tip edges.
The operation button
24
is formed in a size that covers the front plane, the upper and lower planes and the left side plane of the support bearing section
26
of the jog dial
20
from a side opposite to the dial section
23
. This front plane is an operation plane
35
to be pressed by a finger F, as described later.
On the rear plane of the depression piece
33
, a small convex section
36
is formed at a position corresponding to the contact section
30
. As described later, when the operation button switch
21
is operated, the small convex section
36
depresses the contact section
30
and turns the operation button switch
21
on.
On the supported pieces
34
,
34
, small holes
34
b,
34
b
are formed opposite to each other, and the small holes
34
b,
34
b
are engaged with the rotation shafts
31
,
31
of the frame body
22
, respectively. Thus, the operation button switch
21
is rotatably supported by the frame body
22
.
By the way, in this embodiment, the operation button switch
21
is rotatably supported by the frame body
22
. However, the present invention is not limited thereto. The operation button switch
21
may be rotatably supported by a member on the side of the jog dial
20
, for example, the base plate
25
or the support bearing section
26
.
In this way, in the rotatably supported operation button switch
21
, the operation plane
35
thereof is set to be slightly lower than the dial section
23
of the jog dial
20
. Thus, when the switch device
11
is touched with the finger F, it is possible to easily identify which of the operators (the dial
23
and the operation buttons
24
,
24
) is being touched. In addition, when the dial section
23
is depressed, the dial section
23
and the operation plane
35
of the operation button switch
21
are designed to be substantially equal in height.
Further, the operation plane
35
of the operation button
24
is formed on a slanted plane
35
a,
in which the right edge has an arc in the upward and downward directions, is formed with a curvature substantially equal to or less than the circumference of the dial section
23
, and whose extent of protrusion to the surface side increases along the left direction. Also, the left end is formed with a flat plane
35
b
of which the protrusion amount to the surface side is unchanging.
By the way, the terms slanted plane
35
a
and flat plane
35
b
express whether the ridgeline of the operation button
24
is slanted or flat when viewed from below. Actually, the slanted plane
35
a
of the operation plane
35
is formed in the shape of a trumpet such that it expands towards the surface side along the left direction.
Also, in this embodiment, the slanted plane
35
a
is defined as a slanted plane in which, from a point substantially in the middle along the right and left directions of the operation button
24
, the extent of protrusion gradually increases. However, the slanted plane is not limited to the above configuration, and may be configured to slant from the edge of the operation button
24
on the side of the jog dial
20
.
Then, the operation button switch
21
covers the support bearing section
26
of the jog dial
20
in the inner space of the operation button
24
, while it is rotatably supported on the frame body
22
, as mentioned above. Thus, the right edge of the operation plane
35
is located close to the left edge of the dial section
23
of the jog dial
20
. Also, the small convex section
36
of the depression piece
33
of the operation button switch
21
is in contact with or is close to the contact section
30
.
In this way, the switch device
11
in which the jog dial
20
and the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
are unitized is attached to the lower case
4
from an inner side thereof, and the dial section
23
and the right and left operation buttons
24
,
24
are arranged so as to protrude slightly from the surface of the lower case
4
. Moreover, the jog dial
20
is set to be slightly higher than the operation button switch
21
, as mentioned above.
Thus, when the switch device
11
is touched with the finger F, which of the three operators (the dial
23
and the operation button switches
21
,
21
) is being touched can be easily identified as mentioned above. Hence, this contributes to the improvement of their operability.
Then, when the jog dial
20
is operated, as shown in
FIG. 10
, it is done by rotating the dial section
23
as if to roll it upward and downward by using the pad of the finger F, and by a depression operation towards inside the lower case
4
.
Also, when the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
are operated, as shown in
FIGS. 11 and 12
, by shifting the finger F placed on the dial
23
as if to roll it in the right or left direction, and then depressing the operation planes
35
,
35
of the operation buttons
24
,
24
by using portions of the finger slightly closer to the side than the tab. Then, the depressed operation button switches
21
,
21
are rotated around the button rotation shafts
31
,
31
, and the outer portions (the depression pieces
33
,
33
) are operated by being depressed towards inside the lower case
4
. Thus the small convex sections
36
,
36
protuberantly formed on the rear planes of the depression pieces
33
,
33
depress the contact sections
30
of the frame body
22
, thereby turning on each of the operation button switches
21
,
21
, separately.
Specifically, when the finger F placed on the dial section
23
is shifted as if to roll in the right or left direction, although the pad of the finger F touches the dial section
23
, the portion of the finger F depressing the operation button
24
is shifted in the external direction while touching the slanted plane
35
a
of the operation plane
35
in a rolling manner. Then, when the flesh of the finger F is placed on the flat plane
35
b,
the force on the flat plane
35
b
towards the inside of the lower case
4
increases, thereby rotating the operation button switch
21
. Thus, as mentioned above, the small convex section
36
depresses the contact section
30
. Hence, such a flat plane
35
b
functions to make operation of the operation button switch
21
easier. If it is not present, unless the finger F is shifted to a considerable extent in the right or left direction on the slanted plane
35
a,
the force to rotate the operation button switch
21
is not generated, which results in poorer operability.
Further, when the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
are operated, the respective outer sides are depressed (the left end in the case of the left operation button switch
21
, and the right end in the case of the right operation button switch
21
). Thus, the dial section
23
is never simultaneously depressed. Hence, so-called simultaneous pushes of two push buttons are never performed.
That is, the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
can not be pushed towards the rear side (towards the inside of the lower case
4
) even if sides of the operation buttons
24
,
24
towards the dial sections
23
are depressed, since rotation fulcrums thereof (the button rotation shafts
31
,
31
) are present on the sides towards the dial section
23
. Thus, in operating the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
, the finger F depressing them is either already separated from the dial section
23
, or at least no force in the direction of depression is applied. Even if the finger F is touching the dial section
23
, this can not be depressed towards the rear plane (towards the inside of the lower case
4
). Thus, simultaneous pushes of two push buttons are prevented.
The same is also true when the dial section
23
is operated by depression towards the inside of the lower case
4
. Even if the finger F touches the right and left operation buttons
24
,
24
and even if the dial section
23
can be depressed towards the inside of the lower case
4
, the right and left operation button switches
21
,
21
are never depressed towards the inside of the lower case
4
because the button rotation shafts
31
,
31
obstruct such an operation, and thus prevent simultaneous pushes of two push buttons.
In such a switch device
11
, it is preferable that a dimension in the direction of alignment of the respective operators (the dial section
23
and the operation buttons
24
,
24
) be in a range between 15 mm and 25 mm. This is because the finger F which operates the operators
23
,
24
,
24
can be inferred to be a thumb given the arrangement structure of the switch device
11
on the portable telephone
1
according to the embodiment described above, and because the width of the thumb in humans is typically 20 mm to 25 mm for an adult male, and 15 mm and 20 mm for an adult female. Thus, operability can further be improved.
For example, if the dimension of the switch device
11
is set to be 20 mm, it is recommended that the dimension of the dial section
23
be set at 9 mm, the dimension of the respective operation button switches
21
,
21
at 5.2 mm, the intervals between the dial section
23
and the operation button switches
21
at 0.3 mm, and further that the slanted plane
35
a
of the operation button switch
21
be set at 4.3 mm and the flat plane
35
b
at 0.9 mm.
Also, the dimension in the right and left directions of the switch device
11
can be determined to some extent based on the width dimension of the finger F of humans as mentioned above, but it is preferable to take the width dimension of the portable telephone
1
into consideration as well.
As mentioned above, although the switch device
11
is designed such that the two operation button switches
21
,
21
are placed on both sides of the dial section
23
, because the three operators (the dial section
23
and the operation button switches
21
,
21
) are placed close to one another, operability can be improved while it is also possible to reduce the dimension of the switch device in the direction of alignment of the operators. Hence, by employing the switch device
11
, not only can the dimension in the right and left directions, with respect to terminal apparatuses such as portable telephones, be reduced, but moreover, it is possible to mount other switches, namely, the push button switches
12
,
12
in the embodiment described above and the like.
By the way, in the embodiment described above, the switch device according to the present invention is applied to a device in which the middle operator is a dial section of a jog dial. However, the present invention is not limited as such, and the middle operator may be a push button switch. In short, it is only required that the operation planes of the outer operators placed with the middle operator in between have a slanted plane which becomes higher towards the side farther from the middle operator.
Also, while a device in which the slanted plane of the operation plane of the outer operator is trumpet-shaped is described, the present invention is not limited as such, and the device may be such that it is flat in the upward and downward directions and becomes higher along the outer direction.
In addition, the actual shapes and structures of the respective members illustrated in the above-mentioned embodiments are only examples of reductions to practice in implementing the present invention, and the technical scope of the present invention should not be narrowly construed through them.
As is evident from the above-mentioned explanations, the switch device according to the present invention is a switch device having a middle operator and two outer operators placed closely to one another with the middle operator in between, and it is characterized in that the operation planes of the outer operators are formed on slanted planes which become higher towards the sides farther from the middle operator.
Thus, in the switch device according to the present invention, by simply placing the pad of the finger on the middle operator and then shifting the finger as if to roll it on the middle operator, the adjacent outer operators can be operated, and as a result, by one finger, operability of the switch device having the three operators can be improved.
Also, despite having the above-mentioned structure where the two operation buttons are placed with the middle operator in between, the three operators can be placed close to each other, operability thereof can be improved and moreover, by positioning the three operators close to one another, a dimension of the switch device in the direction of its alignment can be reduced, thus in an electronic apparatus employing such a switch device, not only is it possible to reduce the size thereof, but other switches, namely, the push button switches
12
,
12
in the embodiment mentioned above can also be installed, and further multi-functionality can be expected.
The operation planes of the outer operators have the outer ends thereof formed as flat planes continuous with the slanted planes. Thus, when the finger with which the middle operator is operated is shifted to the outer operator, the portion slightly closer to the side than the center of the finger tab is easily caught by the flat plane, and operability of the outer operators can be improved.
The length in the direction of alignment of the three operators is set to be 15 mm to 25 mm, considering the dimensions of the human thumb, operability can optimized.
In addition, another switch device according to the present invention is characterized in that the outer operator is made freely rotatable by being mounted on a rotation shaft which is in a direction substantially orthogonal to the direction of alignment of the three operators, and is also substantially orthogonal to the direction of depression of the operation planes, and in that the rotation shaft is placed on the side of the outer operator adjacent to the middle operator.
Thus, in this other switch device according to the present invention, when the middle operator is operated, the outer operator can not be operated, and when the outer operator is operated, the middle operator can not be operated. Hence, it is possible to prevent so-called simultaneous pushes.
Claims
- 1. A switch device having a rotatable and depressible middle operator and two outer operators placed adjacent to the middle operator with the middle operator between the two outer operators, and characterized by having an operation plane of the two outer operators formed on a slanted plane that becomes higher as a distance from the middle operator increases.
- 2. The switch device according to claim 1, wherein the operation plane of each of the two outer operators has an outer end formed on a flat plane continuous with the slanted plane.
- 3. The switch device according to claim 1, wherein the switch device has an overall length of between 15 mm and 25 mm in a direction of alignment of the middle operator and the two outer operators.
- 4. A switch device having a rotatable and depressible middle operator and two outer operators placed adjacent to the middle operator with the middle operator in between, the two outer operators each pivoting about rotation shafts, whereinaxes of each of the rotation shafts are substantially orthogonal to a direction of alignment of the middle operator and the two outer operators; the axes of each of the rotation shafts are substantially orthogonal to a depression direction of operation planes of the middle operator and the two outer operators; and each of the rotation shafts are located on a side of each of the respective two outer operators adjacent to middle operator.
Priority Claims (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
Kind |
2000-339124 |
Nov 2000 |
JP |
|
PCT Information
Filing Document |
Filing Date |
Country |
Kind |
PCT/JP01/09732 |
|
WO |
00 |
Publishing Document |
Publishing Date |
Country |
Kind |
WO02/39471 |
5/16/2002 |
WO |
A |
US Referenced Citations (6)