Patent Application
20130109356
The present invention relates generally to wireless telecommunication and more particularly to a system and method of maintaining communications policy settings in a wireless network.
Mobile telephonic devices (“cell-phones”) capable of wireless communications are increasingly commonplace. Cell-phones typically integrate a variety of functionality into a single device, but the ability to carry out voice telecommunications remains central to the devices' purpose. Nokia of Keilalandentie 2-4, Finland and Motorola Inc. of Schaumburg, Ill., U.S.A. are two examples of manufacturers of such cell-phones, and each offer a variety of products in this category.
A typical cell-phone contains a communications interface for establishing wireless communications with telephony networks (“wireless networks”). In addition, a typical cell-phone also has a microcomputer which controls most of the functionality of the cell-phone and aids in processing of information that the cell-phone is presented with.
As part of its functionality, a cell-phone is called upon to establish communications with the wireless networks by accessing different network base stations as the user of the cell-phone roams through different geographic regions served by these base stations. Accordingly, a cell-phone is able to establish communications with other communications devices through the wireless network, allowing the cell-phone to place calls to and to receive calls from these other devices.
As the volume of communications in wireless networks grows, so does the volume of unwanted and unsolicited communications. These communications usually originate from mass marketing sources, but can be from other entities as well. Unwanted calls, in addition to being inconvenient, can be costly as well. For example, long distance marketing calls, which due to the cost structure of Voice over IP have now become more feasible, are costly since, typically, cell-phone owners pay long distance charges for long distance calls received as well as placed.
There has been at least one attempt to devise a scheme for blocking unwanted calls. Specifically, an internet marketing brochure (http://www.hackcanada.comcanadian/phreaking/bcpsl.html) discloses a call blocking service allowing the called party to divert up to twelve telephone numbers of their choice to a special recording that tells callers that the party they have reached has chosen not to take their call at this time. Numbers on the list can be altered by the subscriber at any time. This attempt, however, has several limitations. First of all, each subscriber's blocking list must be manually updated by each subscriber individually. Moreover, only a small number of calling numbers can be blocked. Finally, the call is diverted to a voice mail, which verifies the existence of that phone number to the caller. Bypassing this scheme, therefore, is relatively straightforward: if the initial attempt at placing an unwanted call is frustrated, the unwanted caller simply has to repeat the call using a new originating number. Given the limited number of phone numbers that can be blocked, and the manual nature of updating these by each subscriber, after several attempts, the caller is likely to reach most of the subscribers using this service. Moreover, according to this scheme, the caller's initial efforts are not altogether fruitless since even the diverted calls serve to verify the existence of a subscriber's phone number because of the voice mail.
It is an object of the present invention to provide a novel system and method of maintaining communications policy settings in a wireless network that obviates or mitigates at least one of the above-identified disadvantages of the prior art.
According to an aspect of the invention, a method of maintaining a communication policy in a voice telephony network is provided. The network has a plurality of subscriber devices. The method comprises: maintaining, in a memory of the policy server, a communication policy comprising at least one identifier representing whether reception of a voice call having the at least one identifier is permissible at the subscriber devices; maintaining, in the memory, a trust policy comprising an indicator representing one of at least three levels of trust respective to each one of the subscriber devices; each of the levels of trust representing a different allowability of modifying the communication policy; receiving, at a network interface associated with the policy server, a request to modify the communication policy from the one of the subscriber devices; retrieving, at the policy server, the indicator respective to the one of the subscriber devices from the trust policy maintained in the memory; selecting, at the policy server, from a plurality of modification-procedures maintained in the memory, a modification-procedure for the communication policy according to the request and the indicator.
According to another aspect, a non-transitory computer-readable medium is provided storing a plurality of programming instructions; the programming instructions, when executed by a processor of a policy server, implementing the above method.
According to a further aspect, a policy server is provided, comprising: a network interface for communicating with a plurality of subscriber devices via a voice telephony network interconnecting the devices and the interface; at least one persistent storage device for maintaining a communication policy comprising at least one identifier representing whether reception of a voice call having the at least one identifier is permissible at the subscriber devices in the network; the at least one persistent storage device additionally for maintaining a trust policy comprising an indicator representing one of at least three levels of trust respective to each one of the subscriber devices; each one of the levels of trust representing a different allowability of modifying the communication policy; a processor interconnecting the interface and the at least one persistent storage device; the processor for receiving a request to modify the communication policy from the one of the subscriber devices via the interface; the processor operable to retrieve the indicator for the one of the subscriber devices from the trust policy; and, the processor operable to select from a plurality of modification-procedures, a modification-procedure for the communication policy according to the request and the indicator.
The invention will now be described by way of example only, and with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Referring now to
In system 30, base stations 34 are also connected to a network 42 through a connection 46. In this embodiment, network 42 is the public switched telephone network (“PSTN”) but, in other embodiments, other types of networks can be employed. Moreover, in this embodiment connection 46 is a fibre-optic wire connection, but in other embodiments connection 46 can be other types of connections such as copper wires or a satellite connection.
System 30 also includes a plurality of subscriber devices, which in this embodiment, each subscriber device is a cell-phone 50 such as those manufactured by Nokia of Keilalandentie 2-4, Finland and Motorola Inc. of Schaumburg, Ill/, U.S.A., but in other embodiments it could have a cell phone and other enhanced functions such as those manufactured by Research In Motion Limited of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, or by PalmOne, Inc. of Milpitas, Calif. USA. Cell-phones 50 are operable to connect to network 42 via a base station 34's link 38 each time cell-phone 50 is located within a range respective to that access station 34. For example, whenever cell-phone 501 is located within the range of base station 341, cell-phone 501 can connect to network 42 by linking with base station 341 through link 381, and whenever cell-phone 502 is located within the range of base station 342, cell-phone 502 can connect to network 42 by linking with station 342 through link 382. Cell-phones 50 can also communicate with each other directly, without the need for a base station, through a peer-to-peer link 54. In this embodiment, a peer-to-peer link consists of a peer-to-peer IEEE 801.11b/g connection employing voice over IP protocol, but in other embodiments other types of peer-to-peer connections such as infrared and cross-linked wired Ethernet connections could also be used. These and other types of peer-to-peer connections are within the scope of the invention.
System 30 also includes phones 58 connected to network 42 through connections 62. Phone 58 is operable to place and receive phone calls through network 42. In other embodiments, phones 58 could represent multiple phones being operated as a call center from which calls are being placed.
Each call originated by a device carries an originator identifier “(OID”), regardless of whether the call is placed through network 42, a base station 34, or through link 54 in a peer-to-peer mode. In this embodiment, an OID is the phone number assigned to each originator phone 58 or cell-phone 50. However, other types of identifiers such as the name under which a phone 58 is registered or a serial number assigned to a cell-phone by the manufacturer can also be used as OIDs, and such variations are within the scope of this invention.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Referring back to
Describing Table I in greater detail, Field 1 contains the unique OID associated with a phone or a cell-phone. In this embodiment, as mentioned above, the OID is the phone number associated with a phone or a cell-phone. It is impermissible for cell-phones 50 to receive calls from phones or cell-phones listed in this table. For example, in this case, it is impermissible for cell-phones 50 to accept calls placed by phone 582 (which has an OID of 416 000-0002), or by cell-phone 502 (which has an OID of 647 000-0002).
Referring to
The current performance of method 400 is initiated by a call placed by phone 581. Referring back to
Continuing with the example, at step 420 the common communication policy is accessed. In this example, step 420 is performed by accessing CP database 100 maintained on cell-phone 501 itself, as described above. Method 400 then advances from step 420 to step 430, at which point a determination is made as to whether the received communication is permissible. In this example, CP database 100 is examined to determine whether calls from phone 581 are permitted. To perform this step, CP database 100 is accessed to determine whether the phone number of phone 581, the originator phone, is present in CP database 100. In this case, the phone number 416 000-0001 is not present in CP database 100 meaning that accepting a phone call from phone 581 is permissible. Accordingly, step 450 is performed next, and the call is accepted in the usual manner. For example, cell-phone 501's ringer can be sounded if cell-phone 501 is on, or the call can be directed to a voice mail if cell-phone 501 is off. These and other known manners of accepting a call are within the scope of the invention.
To further illustrate method 400, it is assumed that method 400 is performed by system 30 a second time, but in this second performance, the phone call initiating the performance of method 400 originates from phone 582. Accordingly, at step 410 the phone number 416 000-0002, which is associated with phone 582, is transmitted to cell-phone 501 as part of the attempt to establish a connection with cell-phone 501. At step 410, CP database 100 is accessed in substantially the same manner as the first performance of method 400. However, during the second performance of step 430, accessing CP database 100 reveals that phone number 416 000-0002 is present in CP database 100. Accordingly, step 440 is performed next, rejecting the call placed by phone 582. Step 440 can be performed in a variety of known ways. For example, the connection can be dropped, a disconnected number message can be played, or the call can be directed to a voice mail informing the originator that calls placed by them cannot be accepted. These and other known manners of rejecting a call are all within the scope of the invention.
In another embodiment, method 400 can be performed when the call originates from the same network that the receiving cell-phone 501 is located on, which is in contrast to the first two example performances of method 400 where the call originated on a different network. To illustrate this embodiment, an example is used where the originator is another cell-phone, cell-phone 502 in
Although in the previous embodiments the voice call is received from a PSTN and a cellular phone network, in other embodiments, method 400 can also be performed using other types of connections such as peer-to-peer links; all these embodiments are within the scope of the invention. For example, method 400 can be performed when a voice communication is attempted between two cell-phones through a peer-to-peer link. To illustrate this embodiment, consider the example shown in
Referring now to
Referring back to
Describing Table II in greater detail, Field 1 contains the unique OID associated with a phone 58a or a cell-phone 50a. In this embodiment, as mentioned above, the OID is the phone number associated with a phone 58a or a cell-phone 50a. If a phone 58a or cell-phone 50a is identified in OP database 110a, the common policy represented by CP database 100a is ignored for that device. For example, although, according to common policy 100a, as shown in Table I, it is impermissible for cell-phones 50a to accept calls placed by phone 58a2 (which has an OID of 416 000-0002), the same OID is also listed in OP database 110a1, overriding CP database 100a and making the reception of calls from phone 58a2 permissible for cell-phone 50a1.
Referring to
Similar to the second example performance of method 400 using system 30, the current performance of method 600 is initiated by a call placed by phone 58a2. Accordingly, the performance of steps 610 and 620 result in the reception of phone 58a2's associated phone number and the accessing of CP database 100a. Continuing with the example, at step 630, the override policy is accessed. In this example, step 630 is performed by accessing OP database 110a1 maintained on cell-phone 50a1 itself. Method 600 then advances from step 630 to step 640, at which point a determination is made as to whether the received voice call is permissible. In this example, CP database 100a is examined to determine whether calls from 58a2 are permitted. To perform this step, database 100a is accessed to determine whether the phone number of phone 58a2, the originator phone, is present database 100a. In this case, the phone number 416 000-0002 is present in database 100a meaning that accepting a phone call from phone 58a2 is not permissible. Accordingly, step 650 is performed next.
At step 650, a determination is made whether to alter the permissibility of the call. In this example, OP database 110a is examined to determine whether the common policy for 58a2 should be ignored. To perform this step, database 110a is examined to determine whether the phone number of phone 58a2, the originator phone, is present database 110a. In this case, the phone number 416 000-0002 is present in CP database 110a, meaning that the common policy should be ignored, altering the permissibility determined at step 640 to make a phone call from phone 58a2 permissible. Accordingly, step 680 is performed next.
At step 680 the call is accepted in the usual manner. For example, cell-phone 50a1's ringer can be sounded if cell-phone 50a1 is on, or the call can be directed to a voice mail if cell-phone 50a1 is off. These and other known manners of accepting a call are within the scope of the invention.
In another embodiment, OP database 110a can represent an opt-in policy used for determining whether, for a given call, the common policy contained in CP database 100a should be followed. For example, according to common policy 100a, as shown in Table I, it is impermissible for cell-phones 50a to accept calls placed by phone 58a2 (which has an OID of 416 000-0002). The same OID is also listed in OP database 110a1, opting in to the policy contained in CP database 100a and making the reception of calls from phone 58a2 impermissible for cell-phone 50a1.
Referring back to
Method 600 then advances from step 630 to step 640, at which point a determination is made as to whether the received voice call is permissible. In this example, similar to the first performance of method 600, CP database 100a is examined to determine that calls from 58a2 are not permissible. Accordingly, step 650 is performed next.
At step 640, a determination is made whether to alter the permissibility of the call. In this example, OP database 110a is examined to determine whether the common policy for 58a2 should be followed. To perform this step, database 110a is searched to determine whether the phone number of phone 58a2, the originator phone, is present in database 110a; only if OP database 110a also contains the phone number of phone 58a2, will the common policy making a call from phone 58a2 impermissible be enforced. In this case, phone number 416 000-0002 is present in CP database 110a, meaning that the common policy should be followed, requiring no alterations to the permissibility determined at step 640. Accordingly, step 680 is performed next.
At step 680 the call is rejected. Specifically, the call placed by phone 58a2 is rejected. Step 680 can be performed in a variety of known ways. For example, the connection can be dropped, or the call can be directed to a voice mail informing the originator that calls placed by them cannot be accepted. These and other known manners of rejecting a call are all within the scope of the invention.
As with method 400, in other embodiments, method 600 can be performed when the call originates from the same network that the receiving cell-phone 50a1 is located on. Moreover, in yet other embodiments, method 600 can also be performed using other types of connections such as peer-to-peer links. All these embodiments are within the scope of the invention.
Referring to
The current performance of method 700 is initiated by a call placed by phone 581. Referring back to
Continuing with the example, at step 720 the phone number received at step 710 is marked. In this example, the number associated with phone 581, 416 000-0001 is marked. Method700 then advances from step 720 to step 730 where the common communication policy is accessed. In this example, step 730 is performed by accessing CP database 100 maintained on cell-phone 501.
Next, at step 740 the common policy is updated with the marked identifier. In this example, CP database 100 is first examined to determine whether the marked number of phone 581, the originator phone, is present in CP database 100. In this case, the phone number 416 000-0001 is not present in CP database 100 meaning that accepting a phone call from phone 581 is permissible. Accordingly, CP database 100 is updated by inserting the marked number 416 000-0001 such that calls from phone 581 are now impermissible according to CP database 100. It should apparent to those skilled in the art that the steps of accessing and updating should not be construed in the limiting sense, and that in other embodiments the two steps could be combined to form one step.
In another embodiment of the invention, as shown in
Referring back to
Next, at step 820 one or more identifiers are selected. In this example, the identifier CP database 100a is first examined to identify the numbers it contains, and following that, 416 000-0002, one of the phone numbers present in CP database 100a, is selected from the list of numbers first identified. Next, at step 830, the override policy is accessed. In this example, step 830 is performed by accessing OP database 110a maintained on cell-phone 50a1.
Next, at step 840, the override database is updated. In this case, OP database 110a is updated by inserting the selected number 416 000-0002. In one embodiment, the override policy is an opt-out policy. Accordingly, by updating the OP database in step 840 to include 416 000-0002 cell-phone 50a1 ignores the common policy, and makes calls from phone 58a2 permissible. In another embodiment, the override policy can be an opt-in policy. Accordingly, by updating the OP database in step 840 to include 416 000-0002 cell-phone 50a1 follows the common policy, and in accordance with the common policy, receiving calls from phone 58a2 become impermissible.
Referring now to
Referring now to
Beginning first at step 1010, a call is received. In this example, it will be assumed that a call is initiated from phone 58b1 which is directed to cell-phone 50b1. This step is represented in
Next, at step 1020, a request is received to mark the call is impermissible. In this example, the request is received from the user operating cell-phone 50b1. For example, the user operating cell-phone 50b1 can be presented with the information as displayed in
Method 1000 then advances from step 1020 to step 1030 where the common communication policy is accessed. In this example, step 1030 is performed by processor 90 of cell-phone 50b1 accessing CP database 100b stored in persistent storage 102 maintained on cell-phone 50b1.
Next, at step 1040, the local copy of the common policy is updated with the marked identifier. In this example, CP database 100b is first examined to determine whether the marked number of phone 58b1, the originator phone. Processor 90 of cell-phone 50b1 updates the local copy of CP database 100 by inserting the marked number 416 000-0001 such that calls from phone 58b1 are now impermissible according to the local copy of CP database 100b. Performance of step 1040 is represented in
Next, at step 1050, the central copy of the common policy is updated. This step is performed by cell-phone 50b1 which will send a copy of CP Database 100b′ to policy server 104b. Step 1050 is represented in
At this point, method 1000 ends. The updated CP Database 100b′ at server 104b can now be processed in any desired manner, such as causing CP Database 100b′ to be propagated to all cell-phones 50b in system 30b. Such a global update or synchronization can be effected in any desired manner, and is represented in
Referring now to
Referring now to
By having a method for examining suggested updates, system 30c is provided with, amongst other things, a mechanism against to reduce abuse of the communication policy abuse. For example, without such a mechanism, to unblock phone numbers at a network, a spam operator could acquire a cell-phone operated at that network. By deleting the blocked numbers from the copy of the communications policy associated with the acquired phone, communication from those numbers would, once again, become permissible throughout the entire network. By associating trust level indicators with cell-phones 50c, such abuse can be reduced. For example, depending on the level of trust placed on cell-phone 50c from which the update is received, an update from a cell-phone 50c can be treated as an alert to the administrator of server 104c, notifying the administrator that the update should be reviewed to determine whether it merits being distributed propagated to the rest of the network as a change to CP database 100c. Alternatively, the trust level indicator associated with a cell-phone 50c may cause an update request received from that phone to be treated as a ‘vote’ to update the request, but such a vote would not be determinative of whether an actual change to database 100c is effected in accordance with that vote. Accordingly, central CP database 100c can be updated, for example, when a predetermined number of votes is received from a predetermined number of cell-phones 50c.
Table V shows an example TP database 120c maintained on server 104c.
Describing Table V in greater detail, Field 1 contains the unique OID associated with a cell-phone. In this embodiment, as mentioned above, the OID is the phone number associated with a cell-phone 50c. Field 2 contains the trust level indicator associated with each phone listed in Field 1. In the present embodiment, the trust level indicator takes the form of a percentage, 100% referring to the highest trust and 0% referring to the lowest trust. In other embodiments other trust indicators such as a numerical ordering between 1 to 10 can also be used and the use of such indicators are within the scope of the invention.
As mentioned above, the trust indicators are utilized in generating a modification-procedure, in response to requests from cell-phones 50c, for updating CP database 100c. In this embodiment, it will be assumed that when an update request is received from a cell-phone 50c with a trust level indicator greater than about 80%, the modification procedure is to automatically update the contents of central copy of CP 100c, in accordance with the request. It will be further assumed that any updates received from a cell-phone 50c with a trust level indicator between about of 20% or above, and up to and including and about 80%, then the modification procedure is to generate an alert for subsequent examination. Finally, it will be assumed that any update request received from a cell-phone 50c with a trust level below about 20% will result in a modification procedure that counts classifies the received request as vote for changes specified in that request. Accordingly, referring back to Table V, in this example, any updates received from cell-phone 50c1 (which has an OID of 647 000-0001) will be automatically incorporated into the central copy of CP 100c maintained on server 104c. On the other hand, any updates received from cell-phone 50c2 (which has an OID of 647 000-0002) will result in an alert for the administrator of server 104c to review the requested changes. Finally, any updates received from cell-phone 50c3 (which has an OID of 647 000-0003) will be counted as a vote towards a possible future update.
Another embodiment of the invention includes a method to update a communication policy in accordance with a trust policy. The method in accordance with this embodiment can be based on method 1000 of
Referring back to
Referring now to
Next, at step 1852, the trust policy is accessed. In this example, step 1852 is performed by server 104c accessing TP database 120c. Method 1800 then advances from step 1852 to step 1853 where the trust level is retrieved. Specifically, in this example, TP database 100c is examined to determine the trust level associated with cell-phone 50c1. To perform this step, TP database 120c is searched to determine whether the phone number of cell-phone 50c1 (the phone requesting the change) is present in TP database 120c. In this case, as is shown in Table V, the phone number 647 000-0001 is present in TP database 120c. Moreover, according to TP database 120c, the trust level associated with cell-phone 50c1 is 90%. Accordingly, since the indicator is above 80%, the modification procedure generated is to automatically update the contents of central copy of CP 100c, in accordance with the request. Accordingly, the central copy of the common policy is updated. This step is performed by server 104b by replacing CP Database 100c with the received CP Database 100c′. At this point method 1800 ends. The updated CP Database 100c′ at server 104c can now be processed in any desired manner, such as propagating CP Database 100c′ to all cell-phones 50c in system 30c. Such a global update, as shown in
At this point it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that in other performances of method 1800 with system 30c, the modification-procedure generated at step 1854 will be selected in accordance with the trust level indicator of cell-phone 50c sending the request for update. For example, in this embodiment, if the trust level indicator associated with cell-phone 50c originating the update request is between about 20% and about 80%, then the modification procedure is the generation of an alert for subsequent examination of the request. Thus, in this case, the central copy of the common policy is not updated, but rather, as shown in
Alternatively, if the trust level indicator associated with the phone originating the update request is below about 20%, the modification-procedure generated at step 1854 is to count the received request as vote for changes specified in that request. The central copy of the common policy is not updated, but rather, the updated local copy is kept on server 104c to be tallied with other similar requests. The change may then be distributed to the rest of the phones on the network if sufficient votes are received in favour of the same changes.
It will now be apparent to those skilled in the art that in different embodiments, different threshold ranges can be used for determining the level of trust necessary for performing one of the above mentioned operations. Furthermore, it will also be apparent that the modification-procedures specified above are not the only possible operations for handling update requests and that in other embodiments, different procedures for dealing with change requests, such as automatically deleting the request, can also be used.
In other embodiments, server 104c can maintain a table associating a range of trust values with a link to a particular operation to be performed, such as a link to a subroutine or a module that is to perform that function. The implementation of the table of operations is not to be limited to any particular manner. The table can be implemented based on variety of data-structures including a database, a linked list, a tree, or as any other suitable data structure.
Referring now to
Referring back to
Next, at step 2320, the trust policy is updated. Specifically, the trust level indicator associated with cell-phone 50c that has originated the update request is updated according to the outcome of the determination made at step 2310. More particularly, in this embodiment, the trust policy is updated according to the following equation if the outcome of the determination is positive (i.e. the communication policy is subject to change):
On the other hand, if the outcome of the determination is negative (i.e. communication policy is not subject to change) the trust policy is updated according to the following equation:
(The variables in Equation II have the same meaning as the variables in Equation I.)
Thus, between Equation I and Equation II, it is possible for a trust level indication to have any value between zero and one-hundred-percent, and to be adjusted according to one of those Equations.
Continuing with the previous example, assume that n equals eight. Also recall that in the previous example, the outcome, as determined at step 2310 is positive. Thus, Equation I is applicable to the performance of step 2320. Assuming n equals eight, and recalling that the current Trust Level Indicator for cell-phone 50c was 90%, then, Aaccordingly, the trust level indicator associated with cell-phone 50c1 is updated according to Equation I, as shown in Equation III.
Accordingly, the value 91.25% will now be stored in association with phone 50c1 in TP Database 120c. At this point method 2300 ends.
It will now be apparent to those skilled in the art that in other performances of method 2300, the trust indicator associated with cell-phone 50c can result in modification procedure that either alerts the operator to the update request, or counts the update request as a vote. Under these circumstances, it is not possible to determine, immediately upon the receipt of the request by server 104c, whether the communication policy is subject to change. Accordingly, the performance of step 2310 can wait for a predetermined period of time before actually modifying the trust policy stored in TP Database 120c, in accordance with the modification procedure. For example, if the modification procedure is to generate an alert, step 2310 can also generate an alert to the operator of server 104c that method 2300 should pause pending the determination by the operator as to whether to update the communication policy in accordance with the alert. Once the operator has made this determination, then method 2300 can be resumed. If the operator decided to update the communication policy according to the request, then step 2320 can be performed as to increase the trust indicator associated with the requestor; but if the operator decided NOT to update the communication policy according the request, then step 2320 can be performed so as to decrease the trust indicator.
Similarly, if the modification procedure is to simply count the request as a vote, then method 2300 can be paused until a sufficient time period has passed in which to assess whether a threshold number of votes have been received. If sufficient votes are received then the communication policy can be updated accordingly, and likewise, method 2300 can be resumed to perform step 2320 and thereby decide to increase the trust indicator associated with the requestor. Conversely, if sufficient votes are NOT received to justify modification of the communication policy, then method 2300 can be resumed to perform step 2320 and thereby decrease the trust indicator associated with the requestor.
In still other embodiments of method 2300, trust policy can be updated using different operations. For example, server 104c can maintain two counters, one for the number of requests performed by a particular cell-phone 50c (request counter), and another for the number of such requests that successfully lead to (or can lead to) modification of central CP database 100 (success counter). In this embodiment, trust level indicator associated with a cell-phone 50c is the percentage ratio of the success counter to the request counter. Accordingly, during the performance of step 2320, the two counters would be updated by increasing the request counter by one, and either increasing the success counter by one, if the determination at step 2310 is positive, or leaving it unchanged, if the determination is negative. The trust level indicator associated with that phone would be updated accordingly.
It should now be understood that system 30, 30a, 30b and 30c can be effected in various different manners according to security considerations. For example, while not required, it can be desired to maintain TP database 120c in a separate server (i.e. other than server 104c) from CP database 100c, so that that TP database 120c is kept secure, while CP database 100c remains open and accessible to cell-phones 50c. Alternatively, server 104c can be implemented in a distributed manner, across a number of other servers and computing devices, and as such the term server need not be construed in a limiting sense.
While only specific combinations of the various features and components of the present invention have been discussed herein, it will be apparent to those of skill in the art that subsets of the disclosed features and components and/or alternative combinations of these features and components can be utilized, as desired. For example, although GSM and AMPS are wireless communication protocols that are contemplated, it should now be apparent that other wireless communication methods such as the Code Division Multiple Access (“CDMA”) for digital connections and the Total Access Communication System (“TACS”) for analog connections are all within the scope of the invention. Other protocols include General Packet Radio Service (“GPRS”) , and Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (“OFDM”), amongst others. In another variation, wired network of subscriber devices such as PSTN can also be used.
In a further variation, yet other communication methods such as Ethernet and Voice over Internet Protocol (VoIP) could also be used. Moreover, identifiers other than phone numbers and serial numbers can also be used. For example, when employing Ethernet communications, the Internet Protocol (IP) address assigned to each device can be used as an identifier. Alternatively Media Access Control (MAC) address of each device could also be used. In yet other variations, policies could be applied to a group of devices by using an identifier that represents that group of devices. For example, when using IP addresses as identifiers, only the first 24 bits of an IP address could be used to identify 256 devices at a time, applying policies to all of those devices at once through the use of a single identifier.
In another variation it is possible to maintain CP database 100 of system 30 at base stations 34 rather than at cell-phones 50. For example, a cell-phone 50 can be operable to access CP database 100 in system 30 by communicating with a base station 34.
In yet another variation, each cell-phone 50 could maintain a copy of CP database 100, and update its copy when in range of a base station 34. According to this variation, a cell-phone 50's copy of CP database 100 could be updated using different methodologies. For example, the transfer of CP database 100 could be made selectively, transferring the database only when a difference is found between CP database 100 maintained on the base station and the copy maintained on a cell-phone 50. It should now be apparent that a variety of different methods could be employed for determining a difference. For example, each field of CP database 100 can be compared to the equivalent field of the copy maintained on an individual cell-phone 50 to determine whether there are any differences. Alternatively, sizes of the database files or the date of modification of these files could be compared. Moreover, the comparison can be done either by the base station 34, cell-phone 50 or some other computer trusted with maintaining synchronized copies of CP database 100 between the base stations and the roaming devices. All these methods, and other methods for determining whether a CP database should be transferred to cell-phone 50 are within the scope of this invention.
In another variation, CP database 100 can be updated through a peer-to-peer connection between cell-phones 50. It should now be apparent that this peer-to-peer connection can take the form of a wired connection such as a Universal Serial Bus (“USB”) connection, a cross-linked peer-to-peer Ethernet connection, or a wireless connection such as a Bluetooth connection, an infrared (IR) connection, or a peer-to-peer IEEE 801.11b/g connection. In yet another variation, database 122 could be updated through a Local Area Connection (“LAN”) to which both cell-phone 50 and at least one base station 34 are connected.
In other variations, the policy can be stored in forms other than a database such as a lookup table. Moreover, the policy can be stored at a computer other than one at base station 34. For example, the policy can be stored on routers and other dedicated computing devices. Also, the policy could be stored on a computer or other electronic device which is operated by an entity other than the office that operates the mobile devices.
In yet another variation, information from other sources besides incoming phone calls can be used for updating CP policy database 100. For example, phone numbers of unwanted callers can be identified from public sources such as web sites, and entered into CP database 100 manually. Moreover, the selection of which numbers to enter into CP database 100 can be done by either users of cell-phones 50, operators of base stations 34, some other third party operator entrusted with maintains CP database 100, or some combination thereof Furthermore, any entries into CP database 100 made by the user of a cell-phone 50 may be subject to further verification prior to becoming available to all cell-phones 50.
Another variation of the invention could employ different types of subscriber devices in place of cell-phones. It should now be apparent that these subscriber devices can take the form of enhanced personal digital assistants such as those manufactured by Research In Motion Limited of Waterloo, Ontario, Canada, and PalmOne, Inc. of Milpitas, California USA. In yet another variation policies could be used for other communication types besides voice calls, such as text messaging.
While portions of the foregoing description may individually reference systems 30 and 30a, it should now be apparent that all or parts of each of these systems can be combined as appropriate or otherwise desired. Accordingly, those of skill in the art will recognize that when certain references are made to one of these systems, and/or its components, such teachings can also be applicable to other ones of those systems.
The above-described embodiments of the invention are intended to be examples of the present invention and alterations and modifications may be effected thereto, by those of skill in the art, without departing from the scope of the invention which is defined solely by the claims appended hereto.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 13406861 | Feb 2012 | US |
| Child | 13722628 | US | |
| Parent | 12622089 | Nov 2009 | US |
| Child | 13406861 | US | |
| Parent | 11260396 | Oct 2005 | US |
| Child | 12622089 | US |
