The present invention relates to touch actuator system, device, and method for emulating user interaction with a touch screen of an electronic device that can be used for automated, programmed, or remote manipulation of the electronic device.
The continued growth and popularity of portable terminals for mobile communication, for example smartphones, hand-held electronic devices, touchpads, portable personal computers, as well as the increased commercialization of multimedia services accessed using portable terminals has seen a commensurate increase in the demand for various display devices and the input devices for inputting data therethrough. To meet such growing demands, and the demands for rendering the portable terminals more compact and lightweight, touch screens are increasingly used to operate concurrently both as an input device and a display device.
Generally touch screens may be classified into resistive touch screens and capacitive touch screens. The resistive touch screen generates an input signal by sensing a position on the touch screen at which a user applies a touching force or pressure causing contact between two resistive screen layers, for example with his own finger, finger nail, or by using a device, such as a touch pen, pencil, finger of a glove. The capacitive touch screen generates an input signal by sensing a position on the touch screen at which a user applies a touch causing a change in detected capacitance from a micro-current flowing through a user's body, i.e., the user's finger. The capacitive touch screen, when compared to the resistive touch screen, usually provides a smoother feeling of manipulation and action, for example the scrolling of graphical elements. Thus, the user may feel that a portable terminal using a capacitive touch screen is more elegant than a portable terminal using a resistive touch screen, and in the field of portable terminals, the capacitive touch screen is more commonly used. On the other hand, since the capacitive touch screen operates by a human's micro-current, it cannot be manipulated using a general tool such as a pen or a pencil, or even a conventional gloved finger.
Because of growing security demand in the mobile terminal and device marketplace, device operating systems and software are becoming more and more locked down for less customization and reduced potential threat of hacking and viruses. This makes remote management and manipulation of mobile devices very difficult for information technology departments of large and small organizations. Therefore, a strong need exists to provide for a device that can interact with touch screens.
According to one aspect of the present invention, an apparatus for emulating user interaction with a touch screen device is provided. The apparatus preferably includes an actuator array having rows and columns of actuator pads, the actuator pads being arranged to interact with a tactile surface of the touch screen of the touch screen device, each actuator pad being configured to generate a touch event on the tactile surface of the touch screen device, and an actuator array driver including driving units for each actuator pad, each driving unit configured to receive a control signal for generating the touch event by starting and stopping the touch event of the corresponding actuator pad. Moreover, the apparatus further preferably includes an actuator array controller connected to the actuator array driver, the actuator array controller configured to generate the control signal for the driver.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a method of controlling a touch screen device is provided. The method preferably includes the steps of attaching the touch screen device to an actuator array that is configured to generate touch events for a touch screen of the touch screen device, the actuator array covering the touch screen such that the actuator array can operate the touch screen, and receiving touch control signals from a remote device over the network at a control device, the control device operatively connected to the actuator array. Moreover, the method further includes the step of generating touch events for the touch screen by the actuator array, based on the received touch signals.
The summary of the invention is neither intended nor should be construed as being representative of the full extent and scope of the present invention, which additional aspects will become more readily apparent from the detailed description, particularly when taken together with the appended drawings.
Herein, identical reference numerals are used, where possible, to designate identical elements that are common to the figures. The images in the drawings are simplified for illustrative purposes, and are not necessarily depicted to scale.
In the embodiment shown in
For controlling the electronic device, touch actuator 120 is brought into contact with the electronic device 200 such that the upper surface of pads 111 of the actuator array 110 come into contact with tactile surface 211 of the touch screen 210. Given the example shown in
Each actuator pad 111 of actuator array 110 includes a driving unit 116 and pad 11 and driving unit 116 are designed so that a touch control signal S can be applied and removed to the respective pad 111 with a fast response rate, including a fast signal application time and a fast signal removal time. Typically, operation frequency for touch control signal S can be at about 100 kHz. The maximal frequency of the touch control signals S is preferably designed such that it is faster or the same as the scanning frequency of the touch screen 210 that is to be controlled, and therefore driving unit 116 and actuator pad 111 are designed depending on the technology used for the touch screen 210, including the scanning frequency. Touch actuator system 100 further includes a control unit 130 that is connected to touch actuator 120 via a connection 128 that generates signals to control touch actuator 120, for example touch control signals S, or other signals that can control the touch actuator 120. Control unit 130 itself can be connected to a data processing device 300, for example but not limited to a network connection such as an Ethernet port 134, wireless connection 132, universal serial bus connection (USB), serial data connection, or Bluetooth™ connection, high-definition multimedia interface (HDMI) connection. Data processing device 300 that can act as a supervisory control system of control unit 130.
An exemplary embodiment of data processing device 300 is shown in
The electric signal V that is applied to contact surface and tactile surface 211 varies depending on the touch screen 210 and device 200 used. For example, for the Apple Ipad® device, the ground signal of the device was used as the applied electric signal V. In other instances, a floating ground signal can be applied, or a certain voltage level. Each driver unit 116 is connected via signal lines 139 to a signal buffer 131 that can buffer the control signals S. The contact between the tactile surface 211 of touch screen 210 and conductive contact surface 115 of the pad is configured to apply a certain pressure onto screen 210 in order to prevent erroneous touch signals and to allow for emulated touch signals to be properly registered by device 200. Moreover, conductive contact surface 115 is configured to be flexible and bendable to account for geometric variations that occur in the tactile surface 211 of the touch screen 210, due to the variations in the manufacturing process or ambient and device temperature variations.
Buffer 131 is usually arranged to be a part of the touch actuator 120, and can be split into individual buffers for different rows and columns. Buffer 131 itself receives the control signals from a control unit 137 that can be a signal processor or a logic array implemented as a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), Complex Programmable Logic Device (CPLD), microprocessor, microcontroller, Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), that can convert coordinate information for a desired touch position on the touch screen 210 into a set of touch control signals S for generating the touch event. For example, control unit 137 can receive a master control signal MCS from an external device 133 in the form of a positional x-y coordinate for a desired touch position PP. The desired touch position can correspond to a place where an icon is presented on the graphical user interface that is displayed by touch screen 210 of the electronic device 200, for example an application icon. Next, the control unit 137 converts the MCS into a touch event, by generating a set of touch control signals S that are applied to a set of actuator pads 111 via corresponding driving units 116. The external device 133 can be another signal processor or logic array, and may be part of control unit 130, and can include a communication interface to communicate with data processing device 300.
Referring now to the example in
An algorithm that can be implemented in control unit 137 can convert the MCS into a touch event by generating a set of touch control signals S that are applied via signal lines 139 to actuator pads 111. For example, in a case where the MCS is a desired touch position PP, the control unit 137 can first store the MCS signal in a memory. Next, an activation area AA around the desired touch position PP is calculated, for example a circular area that has a defined radius R from the desired touch position PP, or a square area that corresponds to a certain grid size of the actuator array 110. Other sizes and shapes of the activation areas AA are also possible, centered or approximated around the touch position PP. Next, the set AS of actuator pads 111 is determined. In this step, actuator pads 111 that are located either partially or fully within the activation area AA are selected as being the actuator pads 111 that will generate the touch event. Next, the control unit 137 generates a set of touch control signals S for the set AS of actuator pads 111 that have been determined, and these touch control signals S are provided to buffer 131. These steps of the method to determine a set of touch control signals S based on the MCS can be done in real time within a defined sampling period, to be synchronous with changes of the MCS signal, or with asynchronously with a short latency time.
Alternatively, it is also possible that the MCS signal does not simply consist in a desired touch position PP, but in a series of desired touch positions that are associated with different time instances, for example, and entire touch movement or touch swipe on the tactile surface 211 of screen 210. In such instances, a data set having a plurality of desired touch positions PP associated with respective time instances is transferred from external device 133 to control unit 137, and is stored at control unit 137. Next, for each desired touch position PP, a corresponding set of touch control signals S is generated with a timing that is synchronized to the transferred time instances for the respective desired touch positions PP to generate consecutive touch events that emulate a touch movement or touch swipe on the touch screen 210.
In
In the embodiment shown, a camera 540 is arranged such that its optical axis intersects with the arrangement of electronic device 200 and actuator array 510, facing the touch screen 210. Camera 540 is equipped with a lens 542 that is configured such that the field of view allows to capture the entire screen content of the touch screen 510 by camera 540. Camera 540 can digitize the image data and send it via connection 548 to control device 530. For example, camera 540 can operate in video mode and constantly transfer a stream of images of the touch screen 210 to control device 530. Control device 530 itself can be connected with the Internet or another network 550 with network interface 534 or wireless interface 532. A maintenance server 600 is connected via the Internet or another network 550 to control device 530. The actuator array 510 makes it possible to simulate all human interaction with the device 200 with touch screen 210 remotely for complete remote manageability, and can also include the pressing of hard physical buttons of device 200 through miniature linear actuators. With this arrangement, a plurality of actuator systems 500 can be connected via the Internet to a remotely located maintenance server 600, and an operator or an automated process can remotely access a plurality of electronic devices 200, for example for remote maintenance purposes.
As described above, system 500 can be used for remote support of electronic devices 200 having touch screen 210. Whenever remotely managed support is required for a device 200, it is possible that different settings and configurations will have to be verified locally on device 200 via touch screen, that will require access to certain privileged, authenticated, or secured portions of the device 200, for example after a software or operating system update to device 200. Without being able to operate the touch screen 210 of device 200, it may be very difficult for the remote support system or operator to resolve certain issues, simply because one may not be able to rely on their management software of device 200 to perform maintenance on device 200 having a touch screen 210 for a successful update. By using system 500, it is possible to avoid this problem by directly interfacing and operating device 200 remotely through the same graphical user interface that is presented to the user by the remote support system.
Another method and system for using the touch actuator device 100, 500 can be in conjunction with home or other entertainment systems that are configured integrate electronic device 200 with touch screen 210, such as tablets and smartphones, for example with television sets, set-top boxes, computer systems, audio equipment to provide users with a reproduction of the graphical user interface of device 200 on the much larger television screen, to generate an interface of device 200 that is operable via the television set. For this purpose, the television itself can be equipped with a touch sensitive screen, or has another device that is able to capture a touch position on the television screen by the user, for example by stereo camera system. Conventionally, entertainment systems that allow the integration of a smartphone or tablet rely on software screen operation signals via Bluetooth, USB port, or other customary data part to emulate the touching of the touch screen 210 with touch points and swipes that are captured from the user that is operating the television. However, such operation of electronic device 200 by software requires special applications that are installed on device 200, and may even require partial reconstruction or a complete redesign of the operating system of device 200 for programming such interface. Such additional software in device 200 may require frequent updates, and also additional computer processing overhead for device 200. Instead, touch actuator device 100, 500 can be used and connected to the entertainment system, or an be an integral part of entertainment system, so that a user can insert their device 200, such a tablet or a smartphone, into actuation device 100, 500 for interconnection with entertainment system, and, thus, device 100, 500 is used instead of software screen operation signals, providing several advantages over the conventional art.
Moreover, the touch actuator device 100, 500 can also be used during manufacturing processes for touch screens 210 for testing different types of touch screens, such as capacitive and resistive touch screens. For example, during the manufacturing process of touch screen 210, it may necessary to test the reliability for each touch sensing point. The touch actuator device 100, 500 could be used to speed up this process to meet the needs for production quality by manufacturers, by providing a fast and reliable testing system. For example, touch actuator device 100, 500 could be part of a system that presses down the actuator array 110 onto a manufactured touch screen 210, and thereafter performs a variety of touch emulation tests, for example by testing all available touch sensing points, but also by generating a large number of more complex touch patterns and touch swipes, at different speeds. The results of this testing can be reviewed by an operator or a controlling device that can verify if the touch screen 210 under test complies with certain performance benchmarks based on a test specification, for example by use of transparent actuator array 510 and camera 540 to decide whether touch screen 210 is ready for sale on the market or integration into a device 200.
Moreover, the touch actuator device 100, 500 can also be used in automotive, marine, and other mobile electronic applications, to integrate device 200 having a touch screen 210 into the existing electronics systems. As an example, in many vehicles today, display screens are provided that are touch sensitive and can be actuated by a finger, pointing device, or stylus by a user or driver, to operate the integrated car electronics. Such display screens can be integrated into the dashboard, for example the middle console, or be part of a head up display having stereo cameras or other touch detecting system for display and interaction with user or driver. Automotive electronic system are configured to perform various functions such as but not limited to the providing mapping based on the global positioning system (GPS), play music from music files, play music videos, receive mobile data for music and video streaming, receive satellite data for radio and other purposes, receive and display traffic data, control various engine settings and drive control settings, show historic data on distance, gas consumption, temperature etc. However, many users already frequently use their smartphone or tablet computer for many of these functions, and often do not want to use the automotive electronic system to perform these functions. Also, some smartphones and tables are often configurable with an application to remotely control other electronic devices that may be part of the automotive electronic system. In addition, users or drivers are often more familiarized with using the interface presented by their smart phone or tablet as compared to the use of the automotive electronic system, have often a large quantity of content data stored on the smartphone or tablet, and usually provide for a mobile or cell phone data connection that is often lacking in cars, boats, vehicles, and other mobile equipment. Therefore, another aspect of the present invention is a method and corresponding system that allows to integrate the device 200, such as a smartphone or tablet, into the existing automotive, marine, or other mobile electronics, and to use the touch sensitive display 655 of the built-in automotive electronic system to operate the smartphone or tablet via a touch actuator device 100, 500. For this purpose, the touch actuator device 100, 500 could be integrated into the dashboard of the car, for example in a dedicated slot, tray, box or the glove compartment, so that device 200 could be rapidly interconnected via touch actuator device 100, 500 to the automotive electronics.
While the invention has been disclosed with reference to certain preferred embodiments, numerous modifications, alterations, and changes to the described embodiments are possible without departing from the sphere and scope of the invention, as defined in the appended claims and their equivalents thereof. Accordingly, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the described embodiments, but that it have the full scope defined by the language of the following claims.