Patent Grant
11867414
The present invention relates to a system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply that is equipped with a heat pump.
EP 2 653 805 A1 proposes a system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply which is equipped with a heat pump and is capable of simultaneously performing air conditioning operation and hot-water supply operation. The system includes an outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger, at least one indoor unit connected to the outdoor unit and including an indoor heat exchanger, at least one hot-water supply unit connected to the outdoor unit so as to be arranged in parallel to the indoor unit. The hot-water supply unit includes a refrigerant-water heat exchanger.
The above system disclosed in EP 2 653 805 A1 performs a cooling operation and a heating operation. During the cooling operation, the hot-water supply unit cools down water. During the heating operation, the hot-water supply unit heats up water. Accordingly, no new hot-water is supplied during the cooling operation.
On the other hand, it is necessary to store enough amount of hot water at a target temperature in a water tank so as to meet demands for domestic use of hot water in a kitchen, bath room and the like. New hot-water can be supplied, for example, during night time in that demand for a cooling operation is in general less often than day time. The hot-water supply unit can be configured to output a request for hot-water supply based on time and temperature of hot water stored in a water tank connected to the hot-water supply unit.
However, a request for hot-water supply can occur during a cooling operation performed at at least one indoor unit. Then the cooling operation will be turned off such that a heating operation can start upon the request for hot-water supply. This means that the cooling operation is interrupted against a user setting, which is already against the user's comfort. In addition, the longer the unexpected heating operation will continue, the more the user's comfort drops down. On the other hand, the heating operation should be performed long enough to satisfy the requirement for hot-water supply.
The object of the present invention is to solve the problem above, and is to provide a system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply which maintain users' comfort even when a hot-water supply operation is necessary.
The object above is achieved by a system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply and configured to selectively perform a cooling operation and heating operation described herein. Advantageous effects can be achieved as described below.
A first aspect of the present invention provides a system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply and configured to selectively perform a cooling operation and a heating operation, comprising: an outdoor unit having a compressor and an outdoor heat exchanger; a plurality of indoor units each of which is connected to the outdoor unit and includes an indoor heat exchanger; a hot-water supply unit connected to the outdoor unit so as to be arranged in parallel to the plurality of indoor units and including a refrigerant-water heat exchanger; and a controller configured to monitor an occurrence of a hot water request for hot-water supply from the hot-water supply unit during the cooling operation performed at at least one of the plurality of indoor units, and then to start the heating operation in accordance with the hot-water request; wherein the controller is further configured to monitor an occurrence of an indoor-unit request from any one of the plurality of indoor units; and the controller is further configured to resume said cooling operation where said request is an increase request for an increase of load of said cooling operation.
With the configuration above, the system stops said heating operation and resumes said cooling operation when an increase of load of said cooling operation is requested during said heating operation. The increase request indicates that a user of any one of the indoor units starts feeling uncomfortable. In other words, it is an indication that said heating operation should gradually stop. The duration period of said heating operation is limited in this way, and therefore the user's comfort can be ensured.
The increase request can be sent from one of the indoor units which were in said cooling operation. The increase request can be sent from other indoor units which were turned off during said cooling operation.
According to a preferred embodiment of the system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above, the controller is further configured to determine that the increase request has occurred where said request occurred during said heating operation is a cooling request for a cooling operation and is from an indoor unit whose status has changed from turned-off into turned-on.
With the configuration above, the controller resumes said cooling operation when a cooling operation is requested from an indoor unit. The indoor unit was not in operation when said cooling operation was interrupted by the increase request. Accordingly, the area corresponding to the indoor unit has not been cooled yet at all. Therefore, stopping said heating operation and resuming said cooling operation can ensure the user's comfort.
The resumed cooling operation is performed at more areas than before. In other words, the resumed cooling operation is performed at the indoor unit which sent said increase request and also at one or more indoor units which has performed said cooling operation before said heating operation starts.
According to another preferred embodiment of the system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above, the controller is further configured to determine that the increase request has occurred where said request occurred during said heating operation is a request for lowering a target temperature of an indoor unit which was in said cooling operation prior to the start of said heating operation.
With the configuration above, the controller resumes said cooling operation when a target temperature of an indoor unit is lowered in a corresponding area where said cooling operation was performed before said heating operation has started. The request for lowering the target temperature indicates that a user in the corresponding area starts feeling too warm. Resuming said cooling operation in accordance with said increase request can therefore ensure the user's comfort. In this case, said cooling operation is basically resumed in the area(s) where said cooling operation was originally performed before said heating operation has started.
According to another preferred embodiment of the system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above, the controller is further configured to determine that the increase request has occurred where said request occurred during said heating operation is a request for an increase of amount of wind from an indoor unit which was in said cooling operation prior to the start of said heating operation.
With the configuration above, the controller resumes said cooling operation when an increase of amount of wind is requested by an indoor unit which performed said cooling operation before said heating operation has started. The increase request for increasing amount of wind indicates that a user in the corresponding area starts feeling too warm. Resuming said cooling operation in accordance with said increase request can therefore ensure the user's comfort. In this case, said cooling operation is basically resumed in the area where said cooling operation was originally performed before said heating operation starts.
According to another preferred embodiment of the system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above, the controller is further configured to determine that the increase request has occurred where said request occurred during said heating operation indicates that a difference between a current room temperature and a target temperature in an area goes beyond a predetermined value, and said request occurred during said heating operation is from an indoor unit which was in said cooling operation prior to the start of said heating operation.
With the configuration above, the controller monitors one or more differences between a current room temperature and a target temperature in each area where said cooling operation was performed prior to the start of said heating operation. When one of the differences goes beyond a predetermined value, said cooling operation is resumed.
According to another preferred embodiment of any systems for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above, each of the plurality of indoor units further includes a sensor, the sensor being configured to detect a current room temperature in a corresponding area and to transmit the detected temperature to the controller.
Each indoor unit transmits a current room temperature and a target temperature to the controller. Thereby, the controller monitors the difference between the current room temperature and the target temperature at each area corresponding to each indoor unit.
According to another preferred embodiment of the system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above with the sensor to detect the current room temperature, the sensor of at least one of the plurality of indoor units is arranged on or outside of the housing of the corresponding indoor unit.
According to another preferred embodiment of the system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above with the sensor to detect the current room temperature, at least one of the plurality of indoor units has an infrared sensor as said sensor, the infrared sensor being configured to emit infrared light towards a predetermined position within a corresponding area to detect and transmit the temperature of the predetermined position.
The infrared sensor can be arranged at the lower position of the front panel of the indoor unit such that it can emit the infrared light onto a position on the floor within the corresponding area.
According to another preferred embodiment of the system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above, the controller is further configured to determine that the increase request has occurred where said request occurred during said heating operation indicates an increase of people in an area where said cooling operation was performed prior to the start of said heating operation.
Said cooling operation is resumed when the number of people in an area increases than before said heating operation starts.
Another preferred embodiment of the system for air-conditioning and hot-water supply mentioned above with to determine the increase of people further comprises at least one sensor corresponding to at least one of the plurality of indoor units, and configured to detect a number of people in the corresponding area and transmit the detection result to the controller.
A sensor adopting infrared light, visible light, ultrasonic waves, and the like can be used to detect number of people in an area where an indoor unit is installed. When the number of people in an area increases, said cooling operation is preferably resumed. The controller may resume said cooling operation when the increase of people goes beyond a predetermined value.
Among the preferred embodiments mentioned above, any one embodiment can be adopted in another embodiment.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
<Configuration of the System 10>
The system 10 is installed in a building such as an apartment, a hotel, an office building as well as a house for individuals. The system 10 is configured to selectively perform a heating operation accompanied by hot-water supply and a cooling operation. The system 10 performs the heating and cooling operations by using heat pump mechanism which circulates a refrigerant in the refrigerant circuit.
The system 10 includes an outdoor unit 110, at least one or more indoor units 120a, 120b, and a hot-water supply unit 130, which are connected to each other. Each of the indoor units 120a, 120b and the hot-water supply unit 130 are connected in parallel to the outdoor unit 110 which serves as a heat source unit. Although two indoor units 120a, 120b are shown in
The outdoor unit 110, the indoor units 120a, 120b, and the hot-water supply unit 130 are connected by a gas main pipe 101 and a liquid main pipe 102. The gas main pipe 101 and the liquid main pipe 102 serve as a refrigerant pipe through which the refrigerant flows so as to circulate in the refrigerant circuit.
Further, a water pipe 103 is connected to the hot-water supply unit 130 so as to receive fresh water from and supply warm/cold water to a water circuit 104. The water circuit 104 is outside of the system 10. The water circuit 104 supplies fresh water to the hot-water supply unit 130, and guides the warm/cold water from the hot-water supply unit 130 to areas where the water is used. The hot-water supply unit 130 is configured to heat or cool the supplied water, and store the heated or cooled water in a water tank 133.
<Outdoor Unit 110>
The outdoor unit 110 performs the heating operation or the cooling operation on the outdoor unit side to supply heating energy or cooling energy to the indoor units 120a, 120b and the hot-water supply unit 130. The outdoor unit 110 includes a compressor 111, a switching valve 112, an outdoor heating exchanger 113, an accumulator 114, and an outdoor fan 115.
During the heating operation, the outdoor unit 110 forms a refrigerant circuit for heating (hereinafter the heating circuit) in which the outdoor heating exchanger 113, the switching valve 112, the accumulator 114, the compressor 111, and the switching valve 112 are sequentially connected in this order from the liquid main pipe 102 side toward the gas main pipe 101.
During the cooling operation, the outdoor unit 110 forms a refrigerant circuit for cooling (hereinafter the cooling circuit) in which the switching valve 112, the accumulator 114, the compressor 111, the switching valve 112, and the outdoor heating exchanger 113 are sequentially connected in this order from the gas main pipe 101 side toward the liquid main pipe 102.
The compressor 111 is configured to suck and compress the refrigerant to a high-temperature and high-pressure state. The compressor 111 is not limited to a particular type of compressor. For example, the compressor 111 may be a reciprocating compressor, a rotary compressor, a scroll compressor, and a screw compressor. The compressor 111 is preferably of a type whose rotation speed can be variably controlled by, for example, an inverter.
The switching valve 112 is configured to switch the flow of refrigerant in accordance with a requested operation, i.e. heating or cooling operation. The switching valve 112 is configured to switch the refrigerant circuit between the heating circuit and the cooling circuit.
The outdoor heat exchanger 113 is configured to function as a condenser during the cooling operation, and function as an evaporator during the heating operation. The outdoor heat exchanger 113 exchanges heat with the air sent from the outdoor fan 115 so as to condense or evaporate the refrigerant flowing therein. The heat exchange amount of the outdoor heat exchanger 113 can be controlled by, for example, varying the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 115.
The accumulator 114 is disposed on the suction side of the compressor 111, and is configured to store excessive refrigerant. The accumulator 114 may be any container for storing excessive refrigerant.
The outdoor fan 115 is disposed near the outdoor heat exchanger 113 so as to send wind toward the outdoor heat exchanger 113. Preferably, the wind level of the outdoor fan 115 is variable by, for example, changing the rotation speed of the corresponding motor.
<Indoor Unit 120a, 120b>
Hereinafter, the common configuration and function among the indoor units 120a, 120b are explained. Therefore, the explanation about one indoor unit is applicable to another indoor unit, and vice versa.
The indoor unit 120a has a function of receiving heating energy or cooling energy from the outdoor unit 110 so as to perform the heating operation or the cooling operation on each indoor unit side. The indoor unit 120a includes an indoor heat exchanger 121a and an expansion valve 122a, which are connected in series to each other. Further, an indoor fan 123a is disposed near the indoor heat exchanger 121 so as to send out warm or cool air from the indoor unit 120a.
The indoor heat exchanger 121 is configured to function as a condenser during the heating operation, and to function as an evaporator during the cooling operation. The indoor heat exchanger 121 transfers heat from the refrigerant flowing therein to the air supplied by the indoor fan 123a so as to condense or evaporate the refrigerant.
The expansion valve 122 is configured to reduce the pressure of the refrigerant and to expand the refrigerant. It is preferable that the opening degree of the expansion valve 122 is variably controllable. Examples of such valves include precise flow control means such as an electronic expansion valve, and inexpensive refrigerant flow control means such as a capillary tube.
The indoor fan 123a is disposed near the indoor heat exchanger 121 so as to send out warm or cool wind from the indoor unit 120a and introduce air from outside into inside of a housing (not shown) of the indoor unit 120a. Preferably, the wind level of the indoor fan 123a is variable by, for example, changing the rotation speed of the corresponding motor.
<Hot-Water Supply Unit 130>
The hot-water supply unit 130 has a function of transferring heating energy or cooling energy from the outdoor unit 110 to water so as to perform the heating operation or the cooling operation thereon. The hot-water supply unit 130 includes an indoor-water heat exchanger 131, an expansion valve 132, and a hot water tank 133. It is to be noted that although only one hot-water supply unit 130 is shown in
The indoor-water heat exchanger 131 is arranged within the space defined by the water tank 133 such that the indoor-water heat exchanger 131 transfers heat from the refrigerant flowing therein to the water stored in the water tank 133. The water heated or cooled by the indoor-water heat exchanger 131 is supplied to the water circuit 104.
The expansion valve 132 in the hot-water supply unit 130 has the same function as the expansion valve 122a in the indoor unit 120a.
The water tank 133 stores water. Preferably, the water tank 133 stores hot water for domestic use in a kitchen, bathroom and the like. The water tank 133 thermally insulates the stored water therein from outside. The hot water in the water tank 133 is preferably kept at a target temperature set by a user, which will be explained later.
Preferably, a sensor (not shown) is arranged to detect status data of the water stored in the water tank 133. The status data of the stored water includes, for example, the temperature of the water and/or the amount of the water. The sensor can be arranged within the space of the water tank 133, on the outer surface of the water tank 133, and/or the outlet of the water tank 133.
As described above, in the system 10, the compressor 111, the switching valve 112, the indoor heating exchanger 121a, the expansion valve 122a, and the outdoor heat exchanger 113 are connected in series to each other. Likewise, the compressor 111, the switching valve 112, the indoor-water heat exchanger 131, the expansion valve 132, and the outdoor heat exchanger 113 are connected in series to each other. Further, the indoor heat exchanger 121a and the indoor-water heat exchanger 131 are connected in parallel with regard to the outdoor heat exchanger 113. Thus, the refrigeration circuit for circulating refrigerant is formed.
Although not illustrated in
<Heating and Cooling Operations>
During the cooling operation, the outdoor unit 110 and at least one of the indoor unit 120a perform the cooling operation. During the heating operation, the outdoor unit 110 and at least the hot-water supply unit 130 perform the heating operation. The controller 100, 200, 300 of the system 10, which will be explained later, controls relevant components of the system 10 to perform the operations below.
<Heating Operation>
The system 10 is controlled during the heating operation to realize the performance below. A low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 111. The refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature-high-pressure status in the compressor 111, is discharged therefrom, passes through the switching valve 112, and flows out of the outdoor unit 110 through the gas main pipe 101. Then the high-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor unit 110 flows into the indoor unit 120 and the hot-water supply unit 130. The refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor unit 120 flows into the indoor heat exchanger 121. The refrigerant that has flowed into the hot-water supply unit 130 flows into the indoor-water heat exchanger 131. The high-pressure gas refrigerant is condensed in the indoor heat exchanger 121, turns into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant, and flows out of the indoor heat exchanger 121. Likewise, the high-pressure gas refrigerant turns into high-pressure liquid refrigerant in the indoor-water heat exchanger 131 and flows out thereof.
The high-pressure liquid refrigerant from the indoor heat exchanger 121 is subjected to pressure reduction by the expansion valve 122, and turns into a low-pressure-2-phase gas liquid refrigerant which flows out of the indoor unit 120 through the liquid main pipe 102. Likewise, the high-pressure refrigerant from the indoor-water heat exchanger 131 turns into a low-pressure-2-phase gas liquid refrigerant or low-pressure liquid refrigerant which flows out of the hot-water supply unit 130 through the liquid main pipe 102. Then the low-pressure refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 113, exchanges heat with the air supplied from the outdoor fan 115, turns into a low-pressure gas refrigerant, and flows out of the outdoor heat exchanger 113. The refrigerant that has flowed out of the outdoor heat exchanger 113 passes through the switching valve 112 and the accumulator 114, and is sucked into the compressor 111 again.
<Cooling Operation>
The system 10 is controlled during the cooling operation to realize the performance below. The low-pressure gas refrigerant is sucked into the compressor 111. The refrigerant is compressed into a high-temperature-high-pressure status in the compressor 111, and is discharged therefrom. The high-temperature-high-pressure refrigerant flows into the outdoor heat exchanger 113 via the switching valve 112. The high-pressure-gas-refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor heat exchanger 113 exchanges heat with the air supplied from the outdoor fan 115, and turns into a high-pressure liquid refrigerant. The high-pressure liquid refrigerant flows out of the outdoor unit 110 through the liquid main pipe 102, and then flows towards at least one indoor unit 120a. The refrigerant that has flowed towards the indoor unit 120a is subjected to pressure reduction by the expansion valve 122a so as to turn into a low-pressure-2-phase gas liquid refrigerant or a low-pressure liquid refrigerant. The refrigerant then flows into the indoor heat exchanger 121.
The low-pressure refrigerant that has flowed into the indoor heat exchanger 121 is evaporated in the indoor heat exchanger 121 and turns into a low-pressure gas refrigerant, and flows out of the indoor heat exchanger 121. The low-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed out of the indoor heat exchanger 121 flows into the outdoor unit 110 through the gas main pipe 101. The low-pressure gas refrigerant that has flowed into the outdoor unit 110 passes through the switching valve 112 and the accumulator 114, and is sucked into the compressor 111 again. The same can be applied when the low-pressure refrigerant is supplied to the hot-water supply unit 130.
<Controller>
The outdoor controller 100, the indoor controllers 200 and hot-water supply controller 300 transmit information to each other by wireless or wired communication means. In the present embodiment, the outdoor controller 100 informs the current operation at a predetermined interval of time to the indoor controller 200 of each indoor unit 120a, 120b which is turned-on and the hot-water supply controller 300. An indoor controller 200 of a turned-on indoor unit 120a, 120b transmits its current status to the outdoor controller 100 at a predetermined interval of time. The hot-water supply controller 300 is configured to send a request for hot-water supply to the outdoor controller 100.
<Outdoor Controller 100>
The outdoor controller 100 is configured to control the pressure and the temperature of the refrigerant in the outdoor unit 110. The outdoor controller 100 is further configured to control the frequency of the compressor 111, the switching valve 112, and the rotation speed of the outdoor fan 115.
<Indoor Controller 200>
Each indoor unit 120a, 120b has an indoor controller 200. Hereinafter, the indoor unit controller 200 of the indoor unit 120a is explained as an example. The same explanation is applicable to the indoor controller 200 of any other indoor unit 120b in the system 10.
The indoor controller 200 is configured to control the degree of superheat of the indoor unit 120a during the cooling operation, and control the degree of subcooling of the indoor unit 120a during the heating operation. The indoor controller 200 is configured to control the rotation speed of the indoor fan 123a. The indoor controller 200 is configured to control the opening degree of the expansion valve 122a.
<Hot-Water Supply Controller 300>
The hot-water supply controller 300 is configured to control the degree of subcooling of the hot-water supply unit 130 during the heating operation. The hot-water supply controller 300 is configured to control the opening degree of the expansion valve 132. The hot-water supply controller is configured to control a valve, a pump, or the like. Although not shown in
The hot-water supply controller 300 is configured to send a request for hot-water supply (hereinafter hot-water request) to the outdoor controller 100. The hot-water supply controller sends the hot-water request in accordance with, for example, the temperature and/or the amount of the water stored in the water tank 133, and/or a time of a day.
Preferably, the hot-water supply controller 300 monitors the temperature of the hot water stored in the hot water tank 133. When it determines that the current water temperature is below a target temperature set by a user or below a threshold temperature calculated from the target temperature, the hot-water supply controller 300 sends the hot-water request. Thereby, the hot water stored in the hot-water tank 133 is constantly kept at the target temperature.
<Operation for Resuming a Cooling Operation After a Heating Operation>
In addition to the functions mentioned above, the controller 100, 200, 300 determines if the hot-water request has occurred during a cooling operation at at least one indoor unit 120a. If yes, the controller 100, 200, 300 starts the heating operation, and monitors an increase request from any one of all indoor units 120a, 120b in the system 10. The controller 100, 200, 300 stops the heating operation and resumes the cooling operation in accordance with the increase request occurred during the heating operation. The increase request is a request for increasing load of the cooling operation which was interrupted by the hot-water request. Thereby, the duration period of the heating operation is limited in this way, and the users' comfort can be ensured.
The functions of the outdoor controller 100 and the indoor controller 200 are further explained in detail below.
<Outdoor Controller 100>
The operation unit 101 controls the heating operation and cooling operation mentioned above.
The operation unit 101 is further configured to monitor the hot-water request from the hot-water supply controller 300. The operation unit 101 is configured to determine if the hot-water request has occurred during a cooling operation at at least one indoor unit 120a. If yes, the operation unit 101 is configured to start the heating operation.
The operation unit 101 is further configured to monitor during the heating operation an occurrence of the increase request from any one of all indoor units 120a, 120b. The operation unit 101 is further configured to determine the time point to stop the heating operation and to resume the cooling operation based on the increase request. The increase request will be explained in detail later.
Preferably, the operation unit 101 continues the cooling operation even after the hot-water request has occurred. The operation unit 101 is preferably configured to determine if a predetermined condition is satisfied while continuing the cooling operation after the hot-water request. If satisfied, the operation unit 101 stops performing the cooling operation and starts the heating operation. The conditions to stop the cooling operation will be explained later. Accordingly, the cooling operation at the indoor unit 120a is not immediately interrupted by the hot-water request. The area where the indoor unit 120a is turned on for the cooling operation is further cooled down even after the hot-water request. Therefore, users' comfort can be ensured in the area for a while even after the cooling operation stops.
Preferably, the operation unit 101 is further configured to transmit to one or more indoor units, which are turned on for the cooling operation, a fan-stop signal to stop the indoor fan arranged at each indoor unit. The operation unit 101 is preferably configured to instruct the fan unit 107 to transmit the fan-stop command to all indoor units which are turned on for the cooling operation. The fan-stop command is a command to stop an indoor fan arranged at an indoor unit. A command for controlling an indoor fan arranged at each indoor unit is created and transmitted by the fan unit 107 in accordance with the instruction of the operation unit 101. Preferably, the fan-stop command is transmitted before the heating operation starts. Thereby, no warm wind blows out of an indoor unit which was turned on for the cooling operation.
Preferably, the operation unit 101 is further configured to stop the compressor 111 and an indoor fan of each indoor unit in the cooling operation substantially at the same time. Accordingly, the operation unit 101 is preferably further configured to instruct the fan unit 107 and the compressor unit 105 to transmit the fan-stop command and a compressor-stop command, respectively, substantially at the same time. The compressor-stop command is a command to stop a motor for driving the compressor 111. A command for controlling the compressor 111 is created and outputted by the compressor unit 105 in accordance with the instruction of the operation unit 101.
Preferably, the operation unit 101 is further configured to maintain the indoor valves of all indoor units 120a, 120b in a predetermined open degree during the heating operation. The operation unit 101 is preferably configured to instruct the valve unit 108 to transmit a valve command to all indoor units 120a, 120b. The valve command is a command to maintain each expansion valve 122a, 122b of each indoor unit at a predetermined open degree. The valve command is created and transmitted by the valve unit 108 in accordance with the instruction of the operation unit 101.
A preferable example of the timing point for transmitting the fan-stop command, the compressor-stop command, and the valve command is shown in
The operation unit 101 is preferably further configured to increase the power of the cooling operation which is performed after the hot-water request has occurred and before the heating operation starts. The details to increase the power of the cooling operation will be explained later.
The receiver 102 is configured to receive a “Request signal” from each indoor unit 120a, 120b at a predetermined time interval. The receiver 102 is further configured to receive the measurement information such as the outside temperature detected by a sensor 310.
The “Request signal” includes an identification of an indoor unit and preferably current status of the indoor unit. An example of the current status is any one or combination of: ON/OFF, the operation for which the indoor unit is turned on, a target room temperature, a current room temperature, a wind level, and a “Request level”.
The “Request level” indicates a required change in the power of a cooling operation. The “Request level” is expressed by, for example, a numeral value that corresponds to a predetermined step width to increase/decrease the rotation frequency of the compressor 111. The operation unit 101 determines based on the “Request level” how much the rotation frequency of the compressor 111 should be increased or decreased.
The update unit 103 is configured to update data stored in the memory 104 in accordance with the received data.
The memory 104 stores a status table and a level table. The contents of each table will be explained later.
The compressor unit 105 creates a command to control the rotation frequency of the compressor 111 in accordance with the instruction from the operation unit 101, and outputs the created command to the driver of the motor of the compressor 111.
The Thermo-off unit 106 creates a command to change a “Thermo-off” temperature at an indoor unit, and transmits the command to one or more relevant indoor units in accordance with the instruction from the operation unit 101.
When a current room temperature in an area of a corresponding indoor unit has reached to its “Thermo-off” temperature, the indoor unit turns into a “Thermo-off” status. This means that the indoor unit stops performing the cooling operation by completely closing the corresponding expansion valve. A “Thermo-off” temperature of an indoor unit is lower than a target temperature of the indoor unit for a cooling operation. A “Thermo-off” temperature of an indoor unit is higher than a target temperature of the indoor unit for a heating operation. The difference between the “Thermo-off” and target temperatures is, for example, 1 to 3 degree. It is preferable that the difference between the “Thermo-off” and target temperature is larger for the cooling operation after the occurrence of the hot-water request than for a normal cooling operation. The detail will be explained later in “Increase of the power of the cooling operation.”
The fan unit 107 creates a command to change the rotation frequency of an indoor fan, and transmits the command to one or more relevant indoor units in accordance with the instruction from the operation unit 101.
The valve unit 108 creates a command to change an open degree of an expansion valve of an indoor unit, and transmits the command to one or more relevant indoor units in accordance with the instruction from the operation unit 101.
<Level Table in the Memory 104 of the Outdoor Controller 100>
The “Request level 0” indicates that a room temperature has reached to the Thermo-off temperature of a corresponding area. In other words, the “Request level 0” indicates that the indoor unit in the corresponding area has turned into the “Thermo-off” status. Such an indoor unit requests no change in the rotation frequency of the compressor 111. The “Request level 1, 2, and 3” indicate that the power of the current operation should be lowered. The “Request level 4, 5, and 6” indicate that the power of the current operation should be increased.
The operation unit 101 is preferably configured to choose one “Request level” which has the biggest absolute value to change the rotation frequency of the compressor 111.
<Status Table in the Memory 104>
The “Request level” is as explained above. The “area” corresponds to an area and identifies an indoor unit installed in the area. The operation status indicates if the indoor unit is turned on or off, and the operation for which the indoor unit is turned on. The target temperature indicates a temperature to which a room temperature of the area of the corresponding indoor unit should be reached. The wind level indicates the level of the rotation frequency of the indoor fan. The current temperature indicates a current temperature of the area of the indoor unit.
The “Request level 0” means that the indoor unit has turned into the “Thermo-off” status. In
<Increase Requests for Increasing Load of a Cooling Operation to be Resumed>
An increase of load of a cooling operation can be accompanied with an increase or no increase of load on the compressor 111. The former increase is achieved by, for example, resuming the cooling operation within larger areas than before, raising the frequency of the compressor 111, lowering each evaporation temperature of each indoor unit. The latter increase is achieved by, for example, increasing the amount of wind at each indoor unit in operation.
Preferably, the operation unit 101 is configured to determine that the increase request has occurred in the following cases.
As for the case 4 above, each of the indoor units 120a, 120b in the system 10 preferably has a sensor 320 that detects a current room temperature in a corresponding area and that transmits the detected temperature to the indoor controller 200.
The current room temperature can be detected by a sensor 320 arranged in each area where each indoor unit is installed. Such a sensor 320 constitutes a part of the corresponding indoor unit, but is not necessarily located on or inside the housing of the indoor unit. The sensor 320 can be arranged inside, outside or on the housing of the indoor unit.
For example, the sensor 320 can be arranged inside of a controller unit of the indoor unit with which a user operates the indoor unit. Another example is an infrared sensor which is mounted on the front panel of the housing of the indoor unit. The infrared sensor 320 emits infrared light towards a predetermined position within a corresponding area such as the floor to detect the temperature thereof. Another example of the sensor 320 is a sensor which is independently arranged outside of the housing of the corresponding indoor unit. Such a sensor 320 is arranged within the corresponding area and is equipped with communication means to transmit the detected temperature to the controller.
As for the case 5, the system 10 preferably further comprises at least one sensor (not shown) that is configured to detect a number of people in an area of an indoor unit. The sensor corresponds to at least one of the indoor units in the system 10, and transmits the detection result to the corresponding indoor controller. It is further preferable that the Request signal from any indoor unit includes a number of people in its corresponding area. It is further preferable that the status table in the memory 104 stores the number of people in each area.
<Predetermined Condition to Stop the Cooling Operation>
Preferably, the operation unit 101 is configured to continue the cooling operation after receiving the hot-water request. The operation unit 101 continues the cooling operation until receipt of a “Request signal” having the “Request level 0” from each of all indoor units in the cooling operation, and starts the heating operation. The “Request signal” having the “Request level 0” indicates that the indoor unit has turned into the “Thermo-off” status. The operation unit 101 stops the cooling operation after receiving the “Request signal” having “Request level 0” from all indoor units which are turned on for the cooling operation. Thereby, user's comfort for the cooling operation can be furthermore ensured.
The operation unit 101 is preferably configured to continue the cooling operation until a predetermined period of time P1 has passed since the hot-water request. After the time period P1 has passed since the hot-water request, the operation unit 101 is configured to stop the cooling operation.
The operation unit 101 preferably adopts any one of or combination of the above mentioned conditions to stop the cooling operation.
<Increase of the Power of the Cooling Operation>
The operation unit 101 is preferably configured to increase the power of the cooling operation before starting the heating operation. Preferable examples for increasing the power are explained below.
In this application, an “indoor unit which is turned on for the cooling operation” is either one of an indoor unit that has turned into the “Thermo-off” status and an indoor unit that is performing the cooling operation. An “indoor unit in the cooling operation” means the same as an “indoor unit which is turned on for the cooling operation.”
Even if all indoor units in the cooling operation have already turned into the “Thermo-off” status when the hot-water request occurred, the indoor units are preferably forced to perform the cooling operation. Thereby, the cooling operation is forced to be performed in the Thermo-off status area, and the power of the cooling operation increases. If one of the indoor units in the cooling operation is still performing the cooling operation while the others have turned into the “Thermo-off” status as the hot-water request occurred, the latter indoor units are forced to perform the cooling operation.
Even if only the indoor unit 120a is turned on for the cooling operation and the indoor unit 120b is turned off, not only the indoor unit 120a but also the indoor unit 120b are forced to perform the cooling operation. As mentioned above, if the indoor unit 120a is turned on and already has turned into the “Thermo-off” status, it is also forced to perform the cooling operation. Thereby, all indoor units in the system 10 are forced to perform the cooling operation, and the power of the cooling operation increases. The indoor unit 120b, which was previously turned off at the time of the hot-water request, is forced to perform a cooling operation in the corresponding area. Accordingly, the user comfort can be ensured in any area even after the cooling operation has already stopped and the heating operation has begun.
The operation unit 101 may perform any one or any combination of the above-mentioned examples to increase the power of the cooling operation.
<Indoor Controller 200>
The operation unit 201 controls the heating operation and cooling operation mentioned above.
The receiver 202 receives commands from the outdoor controller 100. The receiver 202 receives inputs from the input device (not shown) to control the indoor unit 120a. The receiver 202 receives a current room temperature detected by a sensor 320.
The update unit 203 updates a status table stored in the memory 204 based on the data received by the receiver 202.
The request unit 205 creates the “Request signal” based on the data stored in the status table. The request unit 205 transmits the “Request signal” to the outdoor controller 100 at the predetermined time interval. The “Request signal” includes, as explained above, an identification of an indoor unit and preferably current status of the indoor unit.
The fan unit 206 outputs a signal to a driver of the motor of the corresponding indoor fan 123a to stop the motor in accordance with the fan-stop command from the outdoor controller 100. The fan unit 206 outputs a signal to the driver of the motor of the corresponding indoor fan 123a to change the rotation frequency of the motor in accordance with an input from the input device.
The valve unit 207 controls the open degree of the expansion valve 122a in accordance with the instruction from the operation unit 201. Further, the valve unit 207 outputs a signal to the corresponding expansion valve 122a to change the open degree of the expansion valve 122a in accordance with the data received by the receiver 202. The received data is, for example, the command sent from the outdoor controller 200 to designate a specific open degree.
<Time Chart>
The compressor unit 105 of the outdoor controller 100 outputs the compressor-stop command to stop the compressor 111 at a time t1, which is preferably after a while from the time t0. Thereby, the compressor 111 stops working and the cooling operation ends. The compressor unit 105 further outputs a second command (hereinafter a compressor-start command) to drive the compressor 111 at a time t2 which is after a short time period Pw from the time t1.
The operation unit 101 of the outdoor controller 100 outputs a switch command to switch the switching valve 112 from the cooling operation position to the heating operation position. The switching valve 112 is switched after the time t1 when the compressor 111 stops for the cooling operation and before or at the latest the time t2 when the compressor 111 starts operation again. The switch command is preferably outputted substantially simultaneously at the time t2 when the compressor 111 starts operation again. Thereby, the refrigerant circuit is switched into the heating circuit at the end of the time period Pw.
The fan unit 107 of the outdoor controller 100 transmits the fan-stop command to stop an indoor fan. The fan-stop command is transmitted at the time t1 at the earliest and no later than the time t2 when the compressor 111 starts operation again. Preferably, the fan-stop command is transmitted substantially simultaneously at the time t1 when the compressor-stop command is outputted. The fan-stop command is transmitted to all indoor units performing the cooling operation. The fan unit 206 of each indoor unit outputs a signal to stop the corresponding indoor fan accordingly.
Thereby, no warm wind blows out during the heating operation in an area where an indoor unit is turned on for the cooling operation.
<Flow of Process>
<Main Process of the Outdoor Controller 100>
The outdoor controller 100 monitors if the hot-water supply controller requests for the hot-water supply (step S1). If yes, the process proceeds to step S2.
The outdoor controller 100 determines if the current operation is a cooling operation (step S2). If yes, the process proceeds to step S3. If no, the process proceeds to step S8 which will be explained later.
The outdoor controller 100 determines if all indoor units in the cooling operation have turned into the “Thermo-off” status (step S3). Thereby, it can be ensured that the heating operation starts only after a current room temperature of each area in the cooling operation has reached to a target temperature. If yes, the process proceeds to step S6 mentioned later. If no, the process proceeds to step S4.
The outdoor controller 100 performs an increase process at the step S4. The increase process increases the power of the cooling operation which is currently being performed. Thereby, each area in the cooling operation can be quickly cooled down before the heating operation starts.
The outdoor controller 100 repeats the increase process at the step S4 until all indoor units in the cooling operation turn into the “Thermo-off” status (step S3), or until the predetermined time period P1 passes from the occurrence of the hot-water request (step S5). The step S5 can ensure the minimum period of time P1 to keep the cooling operation in active even after the hot-water request. If yes at either one of the steps S3 and S5, the process proceeds to step S6.
The outdoor controller 100 outputs the compressor-stop command and stops the rotation of the compressor 111 (step S6). Thereby, the cooling operation ends. In addition, the outdoor controller 100 transmits the fan-stop command to stop an indoor fun to all indoor units which were turned on for the cooling operation (step S6). Thereby, during the subsequent heating operation, no warm wind blows out of the indoor units which were turned on for the cooling operation.
The outdoor controller 100 determines if a predetermined time period Pw has passed after the output of the compressor-stop command (step S7). After the time period Pw has passed, the process proceeds to step S8.
The outdoor controller 100 transmits the valve command to all indoor units to keep the corresponding expansion valves slightly open (step S8). Thereby, a small amount of the refrigerant flows through each indoor unit during the heating operation which will be subsequently performed. Accordingly, the entire amount of the refrigerant circulates in the refrigerant circuit during the heating operation without stagnation.
After the time period Pw has passed from the compressor-stop command, the outdoor controller 100 switches the switching valve 112 into the heating operation position, and starts driving the motor of the compressor 111 (step S9). Thereby, the heating operation starts. The hot-water supply is performed during the heating operation, and the water stored in the water tank 133 is heated up.
The outdoor controller 100 determines if an increase request is occurred during the heating operation. This determination is made by performing a Resume process which will be explained later in detail (step S10).
The outdoor controller 100 stops the rotation of the motor of the compressor 111 (step S11). Thereby, the heating operation and the hot-water supply end.
The outdoor controller 100 switches the switching valve 112 into the cooling operation position, and drives the motor of the compressor 111 to resume the cooling operation (step S12).
The outdoor controller 100 repeats the steps S1 to S12 mentioned above until the outdoor unit is turned off (step S13).
The flow of the process above is an example and is not limited thereto. For example, in another embodiment, the condition to stop the cooling operation may be either one of or the combination of the steps S3 and S5.
In another embodiment, the increase process at step S4 may be omitted.
As for the condition to quit the heating operation, as an alternative of a step S10, a difference between an outside temperature and a target temperature of any indoor unit may be used in the case a current room temperature cannot be precisely detected in the corresponding area.
<Increase Process of the Outdoor Controller 100>
The outdoor controller 100 transmits a command to lower each Thermo-off temperature at each indoor unit which is performing the cooling operation (step S41).
The outdoor controller 100 transmits a command to increase the rotation frequency of the indoor fan of each indoor unit which is performing the cooling operation (step S42). Thereby, the amount of wind from each indoor unit increases.
The outdoor controller 100 transmits a command to slightly close the expansion valve of each indoor unit which is performing the cooling operation (step S43). Thereby, an evaporation temperature of each indoor unit is lowered, which increases the power of the cooling operation.
The outdoor controller 100 determines if any increase of the cooling operation is requested by any one of the indoor units which are performing the cooling operation (step S44). The determination is made based on the “Request level” of each indoor unit stored in the status table in the memory 104. If yes, the process proceeds to the step S45. If no, the process proceeds to step S46.
The outdoor controller 100 increases the rotation frequency of the compressor 111 in accordance with the highest request level in the status table in the memory 104 (step S45).
The outdoor controller 100 increases the rotation frequency of the compressor 111 based on the predetermined step width of increase (step S46). Thereby, the power of the cooling operation increases even when none of indoor units in the cooling operation requests an increase of power of the cooling operation.
The order of the steps S41 to S46 is not limited to the one mentioned above. Any one or more steps among the steps S41 to S46 may be omitted.
<Resume Process of Outdoor Controller 100>
The outdoor controller 101 determines if the occurred request is the cooling request from any indoor unit which has been just turned on, during the current heating operation, for a cooling operation (step S101). If yes, the resume process ends, and the process returns to the main process of the outdoor controller 100. Thereby, the cooling operation is resumed in areas including the area of the indoor unit which sent the cooling request. If no, the process proceeds to step S102.
The outdoor controller 101 determines if the occurred request is a request for lowering a target temperature of an indoor unit, which had been turned on for the cooling operation before the current heating operation started (step S102). If yes, the resume process ends, and the process returns to the main process of the outdoor controller 100. Thereby, the cooling operation is resumed in areas where the cooling operation was previously performed prior to the hot-water request. If no, the process proceeds to step S103.
The outer door controller 101 determines if the occurred request is a request to increase an amount of wind of an indoor unit which had been turned on for the cooling operation before the current heating operation started (step S103). If yes, the resume process ends, and the process returns to the main process of the outdoor controller. Thereby, the cooling operation is resumed in areas where the cooling operation was previously performed prior to the hot-water request. If no, the process proceeds to step S104.
The outdoor controller 101 determines if the occurred request indicates that a difference between a current room temperature and a target temperature in an area goes beyond a predetermined value. The outdoor controller 101 further determines if the occurred request is transmitted from an indoor unit which had been turned on for the cooling operation before the current heating operation started. If yes, the resume process ends, and the process returns to the main process of the outdoor controller. Thereby, the cooling operation is resumed in areas where the cooling operation was previously performed prior to the hot-water request. If no, the process proceeds to step S105.
The outdoor controller 101 determines if the occurred request indicates an increase of people in an area where the cooling operation was performed prior to the start of the heating operation. If yes, the resume process ends, and the process returns to the main process of the outdoor controller. Thereby, the cooling operation is resumed in areas where the cooling operation was previously performed prior to the hot-water request. If no, the process returns to step S101.
The order of the steps S101 to S105 is not limited to the one mentioned above. Any one or more steps among the steps S101 to S105 may be omitted.
<Main Process of Indoor Controller 200>
The indoor controller 200 monitors the current operation transmitted from the outdoor controller 100 at a predetermined time interval (step S201). The process proceeds to step S202 upon the receipt of the current operation mode.
The indoor controller 200 determines if the current operation will change from a cooling operation into a heating operation (step S202). If yes, the process proceeds to step S203. If no, the process returns to step S201.
The indoor controller 200 increases the power of the cooling operation currently running in accordance with a command from the outdoor controller 100 (step S203). For example, the indoor controller 200 changes based on the command a rotation frequency of the corresponding indoor fan, the Thermo-off temperature, and/or the open degree of the corresponding expansion valve.
The indoor controller 200 receives the fan-stop command from the outdoor controller 100 to stop a corresponding indoor fan. The indoor controller 200 stops the corresponding indoor fan in accordance with the fan-stop command (step S204). Thereby, no warm window blows out of the indoor unit during the heating operation which will be subsequently performed.
The indoor controller 200 receives the valve command from the outdoor controller 100, and controls the open degree of the corresponding expansion valve in accordance with the valve command (step S205). Thereby, it can be ensured that the entire amount of the refrigerant can circulate within the refrigerant circuit during the heating operation.
The indoor controller 200 repeats the step 201 to 205 mentioned above until the indoor unit is turned off (step S206).
In the main process of the indoor controller 200 mentioned above, the step 203 may be omitted in the case the main process of the outdoor controller 100 does not perform the increase process.
While only selected embodiments have been chosen to illustrate the present invention, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art from this disclosure that various changes and modifications can be made herein without departing from the scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims. For example, unless specifically stated otherwise, the size, shape, location or orientation of the various components can be changed as needed and/or desired so long as the changes do not substantially affect their intended function. Unless specifically stated otherwise, components that are shown directly connected or contacting each other can have intermediate structures disposed between them so long as the changes do not substantially affect their intended function. The functions of one element can be performed by two, and vice versa unless specifically stated otherwise. The structures and functions of one embodiment can be adopted in another embodiment. It is not necessary for all advantages to be present in a particular embodiment at the same time. Thus, the foregoing descriptions of the embodiments according to the present invention are provided for illustration only.
<Modifications>
Followings are other preferred embodiments according to the system of the present invention.
<First Modification>
The system 10′ in
The outdoor unit 110′ has expansion valves 122a, 122b, 132 which are arranged for each of the indoor units 120a′, 120b′ and the hot-water supply unit 130′, respectively. The structure of each expansion valve 122a, 122b, 132 is the same as expansion valve in the system 10. The connections between each expansion valve 122a, 122b, 132 and other components in the system 10′ are the same as expansion valve in the system 10.
The outdoor unit 110′ has an outdoor controller 100′. The outdoor controller 100′ has the same function as the outdoor controller 100 in the system 10, and further has the function to control the opening degree of each of the expansion valves 122a, 122b, 132.
Each indoor unit 120a′, 120b′ has an indoor controller 200′. The indoor controller 200′ has the same function as the indoor controller 200 in the system 10 other than the function for controlling a corresponding expansion valve.
The hot-water supply unit 130 has a hot-water supply controller 300′. The hot-water supply controller 300′ has same function as the hot-water supply controller 300 in the system 10 other than the function for controlling a corresponding expansion valve.
<Second Modification>
The functions of the outdoor controller 100, 100′, each indoor controller 200, 200′, and the hot-water supply controller 300 may be distributed therebetween differently from the systems 10, 10′ mentioned above. For example, a part of controls performed by the indoor controller 200, 200′ may be alternatively performed by the corresponding outdoor controller 100, 100′, and vice versa. The control of any component in the systems 10, 10′ may be switched between the outdoor controller 100, 100′ and indoor controller 200, 200′ in accordance with a predetermined condition.
For example, the outdoor controller 100, 100′ may generate a command to control the expansion valves 122a, 122b, 132, and transmit the command directly to the expansion valves 122a, 122b, 132. Likewise, the outdoor controller 100, 100′ may generate a command to control the indoor fans 123a, 123b, and transmit the command directly to the indoor fans 123a, 123b. It is preferable to control the expansion valves 122a, 122b, 132 and the indoor fans 123a, 123b by the outdoor controller 100, 100′ after the hot-water request during the cooling operation and until the end of the subsequent heating operation.
It is further preferable that the expansion valves 122a, 122b, 132 and the indoor fans 123a, 123b are independently controlled by the corresponding indoor controller 200 or the hot-water supply controller 300 during a normal operation period. A normal operation period is other than the period “after the hot-water request during a cooling operation and until the end of the heating operation subsequently performed after the cooing operation.”
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 16190509 | Sep 2016 | EP | regional |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/JP2017/033330 | 9/14/2017 | WO |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2018/056179 | 3/29/2018 | WO | A |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190257531 A1 | Aug 2019 | US |
