Claims
- 1. An air temperature controlling arrangement for use in conjunction with an aerosol generation device for the delivery of drugs via aerosol, said air temperature controlling arrangement comprising:a heating element having a resistance of about 0.5 to 5 ohms, a mass of about 0.5 to 10 grams and a surface area of about 10 cm2 to 150 cm2; and a channel adapted to fluidly connect said heating element with the aerosol generation device.
- 2. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 1, wherein said heating element comprises a total heat capacity of about 0.2 to 4.35 J/°C.
- 3. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 1, wherein said heating element has a mass of about 2 to 4 grams.
- 4. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 1, further comprising:a portable source of power capable of supplying sufficient power to said heating element, over a period of less than or equal to one minute to enable said heating element to deliver about 150 to 350 joules of energy to the surrounding air in about 0.5 to 4.0 seconds.
- 5. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 4, wherein said portable power source comprises batteries capable of supplying a voltage within the range of about 1 to 20 Volts.
- 6. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 1, wherein said heating element is configured to deliver about 150 to 350 joules of energy to the surrounding air in about 0.5 to 4.0seconds.
- 7. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 6, wherein said heating element is configured to deliver about 250 joules of energy to the surrounding air in about 1 to 2 seconds.
- 8. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 1, wherein said heating element comprises nickel chromium wire and has a mass of about 3 to 7 grams.
- 9. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 8, wherein said heating element has a mass of about 5 grams.
- 10. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 1, wherein said heating element is capable of generating at least 20 joules of heat energy when connected with a portable power source over a period of less than or equal to one minute.
- 11. An air temperature controlling arrangement adapted for use in a portable aerosol generation device for the delivery of drugs via aerosol, said air temperature controlling arrangement comprising:a heating element comprises a total heat capacity of about 0.2 to 4.35 J/°C. and having a surface area of about 10 cm2 to 150 cm2; a channel adapted to fluidly connect said heating element with the aerosol generation device;and a portable source of power for supplying energy to said heating element.
- 12. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 11, wherein said portable source of power is capable of supplying sufficient power to said heating element, over a period of less than or equal to one minute, to enable said heating element to deliver about 150 to 350 joules of energy to the surrounding air in about 0.5 to 4.0 seconds.
- 13. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 11, wherein said heating element comprises nickel chromium wire and has a mass of about 3 to 7 grams.
- 14. The air temperature controlling arrangement of claim 11, wherein said heating element is capable of generating at least 20 joules of heat energy when connected with said portable power source over a period of less than or equal to one minute.
CROSS REFERENCES
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/690,242 filed Oct. 16, 2000, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 09/107,306 filed Jun. 30, 1998, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,131,570, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. application Ser. No. 08/752,946 filed Nov. 21, 1996, now U.S. Pat. No. 5,906,202, which applications and patents are incorporated herein by reference and to which applications we claim priority under 35 U.S.C.§120.
US Referenced Citations (8)
Non-Patent Literature Citations (7)
Entry |
Byron, Peter R., (1986) “Prediction of Drug Residence Times in Regions of the Human Respiratory Tract Following Aerosol Inhalation”, J. of Pharm. Sciences,vol. 75(5):433-438. |
Farr, Stephen J., et al., (1996) “AERx-Development of a Novel Liquid Aerosol Delivery System Concept to Clinic”, Respiratory Drug Delivery V,pp. 175-185. |
Ferron et al. (1988) “Inhalation of Salt Aerosal Particles—II. Growth and Deposition in the Human Respiratory Tract.”J. Aerosol Sci., vol. 19(5):611-631. |
Hickey, A.J., et al., (1990) “Effect of Hydrophobic Coating on the Behavior of a Hygroscopic Aerosol Powder in an Environment of Controlled Temperature and Relative Humidity”, J. of Pharm. Sciences, vol. 79(11):1009-1014. |
Morrow et al. (1966) “Deposition and retention models for internal dosimetry of the human respiratory tract. Task group on lung dynamics.” Health Phys., vol. 12(2):173-207. |
Phipps, Paul R., et al., (1990) “Droplets Produced by Medical Nebulizers: Some Factors Affecting Their Size and Solute Concentration” Chest, vol. 97:1327-1332. |
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Continuations (2)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09/690242 |
Oct 2000 |
US |
Child |
09/839248 |
|
US |
Parent |
09/107306 |
Jun 1998 |
US |
Child |
09/690242 |
|
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
08/752946 |
Nov 1996 |
US |
Child |
09/107306 |
|
US |