Claims
- 1. A method for the preparation of electrostatographic toner comprising the steps of:A) dissolving a polymer material in an organic solvent to form an organic phase; B) dispersing the organic phase in an aqueous phase comprising a flocculating agent and a particulate stabilizer to form a dispersion and homogenizing the resultant dispersion, wherein the particulate stabilizer is selected from the group consisting of highly cross-linked latex polymeric material, and SiO2 and wherein flocculating agent is a cationic compound that is an ammonium salt having the general form where X is H2PO4, OH, or Cl, each R1 is individually selected from the form (CH2)nY, where Y is either or —H, and R2 has the form (CH2)nZ, where Z is —NHOOC(CH2)pCH3, each n is individually selected from the integers ranging from 0 to 5, and each p is individually selected from an integer from 0 to 20; or said cationic flocculating agent is a product of condensation polymerization between one or more dicarboxylic acids and an aminoalcohol, diamine, or diol, wherein at least one group contained in an organic dicarboxylic acid chain carries a positive charge, thereby forming dispersed particles, and C) evaporating the organic solvent from the dispersed particles formed in step (B) and recovering resultant product.
- 2. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer material is selected from the group consisting of polyethylene, polypropylene, polyisobutylene, polyisopentylene, polytrifluorolefins, polyamides, acrylic resins, ethylene-methylacrylate copolymers, ethylene-ethyl acrylate copolymers, ethylene-ethyl methacrylate copolymers, polystyrene and copolymers of styrene with unsaturated monomers, polyesters, polyvinyl resins and ethylene-vinyl alcohol copolymers.
- 3. The method of claim 1 wherein a charge control agent is added in step (A).
- 4. The method of claim 1 wherein a pigment is added in step (A).
- 5. The method of claim 1 wherein a promoter is added in the dispersing step in (B).
- 6. The method of claim 1 wherein the solvent is selected from the group consisting of chloromethane, dichloromethane, ethyl acetate, n-propyl acetate, iso-propyl acetate, vinyl chloride, trichloromethane, carbon tetrachloride, ethylene chloride, trichloroethane, toluene, xylene, cyclohexanone and 2-nitropropane.
- 7. The method of claim 1 wherein the amount of particulate stabilizer is between 1 to 15 parts based by weight on 100 parts of total solids in the toner.
- 8. The method of claim 1 wherein the ratio of the aqueous phase to the organic phase, by volume, ranges from 1:1 to. 9:1.
- 9. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic phase contains lubricants.
- 10. The method of claim 1 wherein the organic phase contains waxes.
- 11. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer material is selected from the group consisting of polytetrafluoroethylene, polytrifluorochloroethylene, polyhexamethylene adipamide, polyhexamethylene sebacamide, polycaprolactam, polymethylmethacrylate, polymethylacrylate, polyethylmethacrylate and styrene-methylmethacrylate.
- 12. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer material is polyester.
- 13. The method of claim 1 wherein the polymer material is butyl acrylate-styrene copolymer.
CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATION
This is a continuation-in-part of a continuation-in-part application Ser. No. 09/385,527, filed Aug. 30,1999, now abandoned, entitled TONER PARTICLES OF CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGY by Matthew Ezenyilimba et al., which in turn is a continuation-in-part of application Ser. No. 09/265,750, filed Mar. 10, 1999, entitled TONER PARTICLES OF CONTROLLED MORPHOLOGY by Matthew Ezenyilimba and Michael Regan which is now U.S. Pat. No. 6,207,338, B1 that issued Mar. 27, 2001.
US Referenced Citations (9)
Foreign Referenced Citations (1)
Number |
Date |
Country |
1 420 839 |
Jan 1976 |
GB |
Continuation in Parts (2)
|
Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09/385527 |
Aug 1999 |
US |
Child |
09/944583 |
|
US |
Parent |
09/265750 |
Mar 1999 |
US |
Child |
09/385527 |
|
US |