Claims
- 1. A method of reducing the toxicity of an adjuvant to an animal comprising the steps of:
i) providing an adjuvant preparation comprising a CD40 ligand and at least one antigen wherein said CD40 ligand is crosslinked to said antigen; ii) administering an effective amount of the crosslinked adjuvant to said animal sufficient to provoke an immune response to said antigen by activation of a CD40 presenting cell.
- 2. A method according to claim 1, wherein said CD40 ligand is an antibody, or binding part thereof, which binds CD40.
- 3. A method according to claim 2, wherein said antibody is a monoclonal antibody.
- 4. A method according to claim 3, wherein said monoclonal antibody is humanised.
- 5. A method according to claim 1, wherein said CD40 ligand is CD40L.
- 6. A method according to claim 1, wherein said adjuvant activates a CD40 presenting B-lymphocyte to promote immunoglobulin secretion.
- 7. A method according to claim 1, wherein said adjuvant activates a CD40 presenting B-lymphocyte to promote immunoglobulin isotype switching.
- 8. A method according to claim 1, wherein said antigen is a T-cell dependent antigen.
- 9. A method according to claim 8, wherein said T-cell dependent antigen is a viral antigen.
- 10. A method according to claim 9, wherein said viral antigen is an HIV antigen.
- 11. A method according to claim 10, wherein said HIV antigen is a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence CTRPNNNTRKSIRIQRGPG (SEQ ID NO: 1).
- 12. A method according to claim 8, wherein said viral antigen is a herpes simplex virus antigen.
- 13. A method according to claim 12, wherein said herpes simplex virus antigen is a glycoprotein.
- 14. A method according to claim 13, wherein said glycoprotein is glycoprotein D.
- 15. A method according to claim 13, wherein said glycoprotein is glycoprotein B.
- 16. A method according to claim 15, wherein said glycoprotein comprises the amino acid sequence SSIEFARL (SEQ ID NO: 2).
- 17. A method according to claim 9, wherein said antigen is an influenza antigen.
- 18. A method according to claim 17, wherein said antigen is derived from influenza isolate A/Bangkok/10/83.
- 19. A method according to claim 18, wherein said antigen consists of influenza isolate A/Bangkok/10/83.
- 20. A method according to claim 1, wherein said antigen is a T cell independent antigen.
- 21. A method according to claim 20, wherein said T-cell independent antigen is a polysaccharide.
- 22. A method according to claim 21, wherein said polysaccharide are capsular polysaccharides of bacterial species selected from the group consisting of: Streptoccocus pneumoniae, Haemophilus influenzae and Neisseria meningitidis.
- 23. A method according to claim 22, wherein said capsular polysaccharides are derived from Streptoccocus pneumoniae and selected from the group consisting of: type 1, 3, 4, 8, 12, 13, 19 or 23.
- 24. An adjuvant comprising a CD40 ligand crosslinked to at least one viral antigen.
- 25. An adjuvant according to claim 24 wherein said viral antigen is an HIV antigen.
- 26. An adjuvant according to claim 25 wherein said viral antigen is a polypeptide comprising the amino acid sequence CTRPNNNTRKSIRIQRGPG (SEQ ID NO: 1).
- 27. An adjuvant according to claim 24 wherein said viral antigen is a herpes simplex virus antigen.
- 28. An adjuvant according to claim 27 wherein said herpes simplex virus antigen is glycoprotein D, accession number NP044668.
- 29. An adjuvant according to claim 27 wherein said herpes simplex virus antigen is glycoprotein B.
- 30. An adjuvant according to claim 29 wherein said glycoprotein B comprises the amino acid sequence SSIEFARL (SEQ ID NO: 2).
- 31. A vaccine composition comprising an adjuvant according to claim 24.
- 32. A vaccine composition comprising an adjuvant according to claim 25.
- 33. A vaccine composition comprising an adjuvant according to claim 26.
- 34. A vaccine composition comprising an adjuvant according to claim 27.
CROSS REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
[0001] This application is a continuation-in-part of co-pending U.S. patent application Ser. No. 09/938,477, filed Aug. 24, 2001, which in turn in a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 08/878,348, filed Jun. 18, 1997.
Continuations (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
08878348 |
Jun 1997 |
US |
Child |
09938477 |
Aug 2001 |
US |
Continuation in Parts (1)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
09938477 |
Aug 2001 |
US |
Child |
10056058 |
Jan 2002 |
US |