Patent Grant
11654987
The present invention relates to vehicle corner modules (VCMs) for regulating motion of host vehicles, and particularly to VCMs comprising onboard mechanical and electrical sub-systems of the VCMs.
Onboard vehicle systems have been developed and improved over the course of more than a century, resulting in sophisticated designs that integrate and centralize the management of the various mechanical and electrical sub-systems. Available control systems are limited to managing individual functionalities and do not integrate or combine the management of multiple sub-systems.
Newly-conceived vehicle platforms designed for electric propulsion can include modular axle-less wheel assemblies (“vehicle corner modules, or VCMs) requiring independent suspension, drivetrain, braking and steering sub-systems installed at individual wheels. These designs require new mechanical and electronic solutions for executing, at each wheel, externally-generated operating instructions with regards to the local sub-systems. New control models are required for managing not only the regular operation of the integrated wheel systems but also servicing, testing and administration functions.
According to embodiments of the invention, a vehicle corner module (VCM) is disclosed for regulating motion of a host vehicle, wherein the vehicle comprises a vehicle-onboard vehicle-controller, and the VCM comprises: (a) a sub-frame mountable to a reference frame of the host vehicle; (b) a wheel-hub assembly comprising a wheel-hub; (c) a plurality of sub-systems mediating between the sub-frame and the wheel-hub assembly, the plurality of subsystems selected from the group of subsystems consisting of a drive subsystem, a steering subsystem, a suspension subsystem and a braking subsystem; and (d) an VCM-onboard VCM-controller, comprising one or more processors and a computer-readable medium storing program instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to carry out the following steps: (i) establish a communication link with a vehicle-controller, wherein the establishing includes electronically transferring information about the VCM from the VCM-controller to the vehicle-controller, and (ii) perform, in response to an installation of the VCM on a vehicle, a post-installation validation-process that includes validating the plurality of subsystems and communicating a result of the validating to the vehicle-controller.
In some embodiments, the establishing of the communication link with the vehicle-controller can be before the installation.
In some embodiments, post-installation operation of the vehicle can be contingent upon receiving a positive validation-process result.
In some embodiments, the computer-readable medium can additionally contain program instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to regulate, in response to incoming electrical signals received from outside the VCM, actuation of at least one sub-system of the plurality of sub-systems.
In some embodiments, the information about the VCM transferred from the VCM-controller to the vehicle-controller can include information about at least one of the plurality of subsystems.
In some embodiments, it can be that the communication link with the vehicle-controller is a two-way link, and/or that the establishing of the communication link additionally includes receiving information about the vehicle, and/or about another VCM installed on the vehicle.
In some embodiments, the computer-readable medium can additionally contain program instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to exchange information with an onboard controller of another VCM installed on the vehicle.
In some embodiments, the information about the VCM can include results of a self-diagnostic test carried out before the installation.
In some embodiments, the information about the VCM can include at least one of operating history and maintenance history of the VCM.
In some embodiments, the validating of the plurality of subsystems can include receiving information from one or more sensors onboard the VCM.
In some embodiments, the computer-readable medium can additionally contain program instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to the determine an operating profile for the VCM based on data received from the vehicle-controller.
In some embodiments, the selected plurality of sub-systems comprises at least three sub-systems. In some embodiments, the selected plurality of sub-systems comprises four sub-systems.
In some embodiments, a vehicle can comprise: (a) one or more pairs of opposing VCMs according to any one of the VCMs described above; (b) a vehicle-controller; and/or (c) a communications bus for electronic communication between the vehicle-controller and the respective VCM-controller of each of the VCMs.
In some embodiments, a vehicle can comprise: (a) one or more pairs of opposing VCMs according to any one of the VCMs described above; (b) a vehicle-controller; and (c) a communications bus for electronic communication between the respective VCM-controllers of at least one pair of the one or more pairs of opposing VCMs. In some such embodiments, the communications bus can be additionally for electronic communication between the respective VCM-controllers of at least one pair of the one or more pairs of opposing VCMs.
In some embodiments, an apparatus for use in offline testing of a VCM when the VCM is mechanically decoupled from any vehicle, the VCM being any one of the VCMs described above, can comprise: (a) a support element for at least partly supporting the weight of the sub-frame and for constraining movement of the sub-frame; (b) at least one diagnostic device for measuring operational data of at least one of the plurality of subsystems, and/or (c) a computing device configured to communicate with the VCM-controller and receive therefrom diagnostic information related to the offline testing, wherein the offline testing can include a functional test of at least one of the plurality of subsystems.
In some embodiments, a method of operating a vehicle according to any one the vehicle embodiments disclosed above can comprise: controlling, by a VCM-controller, actuation of one or more sub-systems of the plurality of subsystems of a VCM, in response to an incoming electrical input from outside the VCM.
A method is disclosed, according to embodiments, of replacing a first vehicle corner module (VCM) with a second VCM, wherein each of the first and second VCMs comprise a sub-frame mountable to a reference frame of a vehicle, a wheel-hub assembly, a VCM-onboard VCM-controller, and a plurality of subsystems mediating between the sub-frame and the wheel-hub assembly and selected from the group of subsystems consisting of a drive subsystem, a steering subsystem, a suspension subsystem and a braking subsystem. The method comprises the following steps: (a) establishing an electronic communication link between the respective VCM-controller of the second VCM and a vehicle-onboard vehicle-controller, wherein the establishing includes transferring information about the second VCM from the respective VCM-controller to the vehicle-controller; (b) in response to and contingent upon an installation of the second VCM on the vehicle, completing a post-installation validation that includes validating the respective plurality of subsystems of the second VCM and communicating a result of the validation to the vehicle-controller; and (c) using the communicated result of the validation to enable or disable post-installation operation of the vehicle.
In some embodiments, the method can additionally comprise the step of transmitting, to a permission system in an external computer, information about the replacing of the first VCM with the second VCM. In some such embodiments, the method can additionally comprise the step of receiving, from the permission model, a permission based on a service subscription, and/or the step of receiving, from the permission model, a permission based on a transaction.
In some embodiments, the information transmitted to the permission system can include at least two of: respective identifying information of the first and second VCMs; usage information of one or more of the respective plurality of subsystems of the first VCM; and maintenance information of one or more of the respective plurality of subsystems of the first VCM.
In some embodiments, a value can be assigned to the replacing based on at least one of: usage information of one or more of the respective plurality of subsystems of the first VCM; usage information of one or more of the respective plurality of subsystems of the second VCM; maintenance information of one or more of the respective plurality of subsystems of the first VCM; and maintenance information of one or more of the respective plurality of subsystems of the second VCM.
In some embodiments, the method can additionally comprise the step of determining an operating profile for the second VCM based on information received from the vehicle-controller.
In some embodiments, the electronic communication link between the respective VCM-controller of the second VCM and the vehicle-onboard vehicle-controller can be established before the installation.
In some embodiments, it can be that the electronic communication link with the vehicle-controller is a two-way link, and/or that the establishing of the electronic communication link additionally includes receiving information about the vehicle, and/or about another VCM installed on the vehicle.
In some embodiments, at least a portion of the information about the second VCM transferred from the respective VCM-controller to the vehicle-controller can include a response to a query.
In some embodiments, the information about the second VCM includes results of a self-diagnostic test carried out before the installation.
In some embodiments, the information about the second VCM can include at least one of operating history and maintenance history of the second VCM.
In some embodiments, the validating of the plurality of subsystems can include receiving information from one or more sensors onboard the second VCM.
According to embodiments of the invention, a vehicle-mountable vehicle corner module (VCM) for regulating motion of a host vehicle comprises: (a) a plurality of mechanical subsystems residing entirely on board the VCM to mediate between the sub-frame and the wheel-hub assembly, the subsystems selected from the group of subsystems consisting of a drive subsystem, a steering subsystem, a suspension subsystem and a braking subsystem; and (b) an VCM-onboard VCM-controller for actuating, in response to incoming electrical signals received from outside the VCM, the plurality of mechanical sub-systems, the VCM-controller comprising a communications module configured to establish a communication link with a vehicle-onboard vehicle-controller for exchanging information therebetween after the VCM is mounted to the host vehicle.
In some embodiments, the communications module can be additionally configured to establish a communication link with the vehicle-onboard vehicle-controller for exchanging information therebetween before the VCM is mounted to the host vehicle.
In some embodiments, the information can include results of validating the plurality of sub-systems by the VCM-controller.
In some embodiments, operation of the vehicle after the VCM is mounted thereto can be contingent upon receiving a positive validation-process result from the VCM-controller.
A method is disclosed, according to embodiments, for replacing a first vehicle corner module (VCM) of a host vehicle with a second VCM, each of the first and second VCMs comprising (i) plurality of mechanical subsystems residing entirely on board the VCM to mediate between the sub-frame and the wheel-hub assembly, the subsystems selected from the group of subsystems consisting of a drive subsystem, a steering subsystem, a suspension subsystem and a braking subsystem, and (ii) a VCM-onboard VCM-controller for actuating, in response to incoming electrical signals received from outside the VCM, the plurality of mechanical sub-systems, the method comprising: (a) establishing an electronic communication link between the respective VCM-controller of the second VCM and a vehicle-controller onboard the host vehicle; and (b) transferring information about the second VCM from the respective VCM-controller to the vehicle-controller.
In some embodiments, the communication link can be established before the VCM is mounted to the host vehicle.
In some embodiments, the transferred information can include results of validating the plurality of sub-systems by the VCM-controller.
In some embodiments, operation of the vehicle after the VCM is mounted thereto can be contingent upon receiving a positive validation-process result from the VCM-controller.
According to embodiments of the invention, apparatus is disclosed for use in offline testing of a vehicle control module (VCM) when the VCM is mechanically decoupled from any vehicle, the VCM comprising a sub-frame mountable to a reference frame of a vehicle, a wheel-hub assembly, a VCM-onboard VCM-controller, and plurality of subsystems residing onboard the VCM to mediate between the sub-frame and the wheel-hub assembly, the subsystems selected from the group of subsystems consisting of a drive subsystem, a steering subsystem, a suspension subsystem and a braking subsystem. The apparatus comprises: (a) a support element for at least partly supporting the weight of the sub-frame and for constraining movement of the sub-frame; (b) at least one diagnostic device for measuring operational data of at least one of the plurality of subsystems, and (c) a computing device configured to communicate with the VCM-controller and receive therefrom diagnostic information related to the offline testing, wherein the testing includes a functional test of at least one of the plurality of subsystems.
In some embodiments, the computing device can be additionally configured (i) to receive diagnostic information related to the testing from the at least one diagnostic device and/or (ii) combine diagnostic information received from the at least one diagnostic device with diagnostic information received from the VCM-controller.
In some embodiments, at least one parameter of the testing can be selected by the VCM-controller.
In some embodiments, the at least one diagnostic device can include a chassis dynamometer.
According to embodiments of the invention, a vehicle comprises: (a) a vehicle-onboard vehicle-controller; (b) one or more pairs of opposing vehicle corner modules (VCMs), each VCM comprising a sub-frame mounted to a reference frame of the vehicle, a wheel-hub assembly, a VCM-onboard VCM-controller, a plurality of subsystems mediating between the sub-frame and the wheel-hub assembly and selected from the group of subsystems consisting of a drive subsystem, a steering subsystem, a suspension subsystem and a braking subsystem; and (c) communications arrangements enabling peer-to-peer data communications between respective VCM-controllers of at least one pair of the one or more pairs of opposing VCMs, the respective VCM-controllers being configured to exchange information therebetween.
In some embodiments, the exchanged information can include at least one of operating history and an operating profile of a new or replaced VCM.
In some embodiments, the VCM-controllers can be configured to reduce, singly or in combination, a computing load on the vehicle controller.
In some embodiments, the VCM-controllers can be configured to provide an operational backup functionality, singly or in combination, for another VCM-controller.
In some embodiments, the VCM-controllers can be configured to provide an operational backup functionality, singly or in combination, for the vehicle controller.
In some embodiments, the communications arrangements can enable peer-to-peer data communications between respective VCM-controllers of all of the VCMs of the vehicle.
In some embodiments, the respective selected plurality of sub-systems in each VCM of a first pair of opposing VCMs can be not the same as the respective selected plurality of sub-systems in each VCM of a second pair of opposing VCMs.
In some embodiments, the respective selected plurality of sub-systems in each VCM of a given pair of opposing VCMs can comprise at least three sub-systems. In some embodiments, the respective selected plurality of sub-systems in each VCM of a given pair of opposing VCMs can comprise four sub-systems.
In some embodiments, the vehicle can comprise exactly four VCMs. In some embodiments, the vehicle can comprise exactly two VCMs.
The invention will now be described further, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which the dimensions of components and features shown in the figures are chosen for convenience and clarity of presentation and not necessarily to scale. In the drawings:
It will be appreciated that for simplicity and clarity of illustration, elements shown in the figures have not necessarily been drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements may be exaggerated relative to other elements for clarity. Further, where considered appropriate, reference numbers may be repeated among the figures to indicate corresponding or analogous elements.
The invention is herein described, by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying drawings. With specific reference now to the drawings in detail, it is stressed that the particulars shown are by way of example and for purposes of illustrative discussion of the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, and are presented in the cause of providing what is believed to be the most useful and readily understood description of the principles and conceptual aspects of the invention. In this regard, no attempt is made to show structural details of the invention in more detail than is necessary for a fundamental understanding of the invention, the description taken with the drawings making apparent to those skilled in the art how the several forms of the invention may be embodied in practice. Throughout the drawings, like-referenced characters are generally used to designate like elements.
Note: Throughout this disclosure, subscripted reference numbers (e.g., 101 or 10A) may be used to designate multiple separate appearances of elements of a single species, whether in a drawing or not; for example: 101 is a single appearance (out of a plurality of appearances) of element 10. The same elements can alternatively be referred to without subscript (e.g., 10 and not 101) when not referring to a specific one of the multiple separate appearances, i.e., to the species in general.
For convenience, in the context of the description herein, various terms are presented here. To the extent that definitions are provided, explicitly or implicitly, here or elsewhere in this application, such definitions are understood to be consistent with the usage of the defined terms by those of skill in the pertinent art(s). Furthermore, such definitions are to be construed in the broadest possible sense consistent with such usage.
Unless otherwise indicated, a “vehicle corner module” or “VCM” as used herein means an assembly for supporting a wheel of a vehicle and regulating the motion of a vehicle according to any of the embodiments disclosed herein. The VCM assembly includes components such as (and not exhaustively): steering systems, suspension systems, braking systems including hydraulic sub-systems, gearing assemblies, drive motors, driveshafts, wheel hub assemblies, controllers, communications arrangements, and electrical wiring. In some embodiments, a VCM can include a wheel and tire. A VCM can be mounted to a ‘reference frame’ of a vehicle, e.g., a chassis or similar vehicle frame or a platform, although the mounting need not necessarily be done ‘as a unit’. When a VCM is described as being installed in/on a vehicle, then the VCM is mounted to the reference frame. A VCM may include a ‘sub-frame’ to which some or all of the VCM components are mounted or otherwise attached such that the sub-frame mediates between the reference frame and the various VCM components. The term ‘sub-frame’ should be understood to mean any rigid frame or one or more structural elements in fixed combination. The ‘sub’ prefix is intended to distinguish the sub-frame from a main frame or reference frame of the vehicle. A VCM may or may not include one or more electric motors and/or the wheel itself (and tire).
When used in this specification and in the claims appended hereto, the word “vehicle” is to be understood as referring to a motorized vehicle having one or more wheels. Non-limiting examples of a vehicle, according to this definition, are a vehicle with motive power provided by an onboard engine, and an ‘electric vehicle’ powered, when in motion, by one or more electric motors and a battery or other energy storage device onboard. The battery need not be provided with the vehicle, or installed in the vehicle, unless and until the vehicle is in motion. The word ‘vehicle’ should also be understood as encompassing a “vehicle platform” comprising at least a chassis (or other ‘reference frame’ to which VCMs can be mounted) and one or more wheels. A ‘vehicle platform’ need not necessarily comprise, at the time of providing the vehicle platform, all of the accoutrements required for transport of passengers and/or cargo such as vehicle-body components or interior furnishings.
The terms “communications arrangements” or similar terms such as “communications schemes” as used herein mean any wired connection or wireless connection via which data communications can take place. Non-limiting and non-exhaustive examples of suitable technologies for providing communications arrangements include any short-range point-to-point communication system such as IrDA, RFID (Radio Frequency Identification), TransferJet, Wireless USB, DSRC (Dedicated Short Range Communications), or Near Field Communication; wireless networks (including sensor networks) such as: ZigBee, EnOcean; Wi-fi, Bluetooth, TransferJet, or Ultra-wideband; and wired communications bus technologies such as. CAN bus (Controller Area Network, Fieldbus, FireWire, HyperTransport and InfiniBand. “Establishing a communications link” as used herein means initiating and/or maintaining data communications between two or more processing units (e.g., controllers, computers, processors, etc.) in accordance with any of the communications protocols supported by the two or more communicating nodes.
As used throughout this disclosure and the claims appended hereto, the term “electrical signals” or similar terms such as “electrical inputs” means electrical and/or electronic, and includes any transmission of either direct or alternating electric current, of electronic information, or of any combination of electrical and electronic signals and information.
The term “controller” as used herein means a computing device configured for monitoring, controlling, regulating and/or actuating one or more components, systems or sub-systems. A controller should be understood to include any or all of (and not exhaustively): one or more processors, one or more computer-readable media, e.g., transient and/or non-transient storage media, communications arrangements, a power source and/or a connection to a power source, and firmware and/or software. When used herein in a hyphenated expression such as vehicle-controller or VCM-controller, the term means a controller for controlling the vehicle and/or components and/or sub-systems of the vehicle, or a controller for controlling the VCM and/or components and/or sub-systems of the VCM, respectively. Unless specifically noted otherwise, a controller is installed in or on the controlled element (vehicle, VCM, etc.) while a “control unit” is like a controller but is not installed in or on the controlled element. For example, a VCM-controller is located in or on the VCM, while a VCM control unit is not, and may be located elsewhere on the vehicle, e.g., on the chassis unit. Controllers (and control units) can be programmed in advance, e.g., by having program instructions stored in the computer-readable media for execution by one of more processors of the controller. Thus, a controller ‘configured’ to perform a function is equivalent herein to the controller being programmed, i.e., having access to stored program instructions for execution, to perform said function.
In the following detailed description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the invention. However, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other instances, well-known methods, procedures, and components have not been described in detail so as not to obscure the present invention.
A vehicle corner module (VCM) system is disclosed comprising a sub-frame for interfacing between the VCM and a vehicle platform, a wheel interface for coupling a wheel to the VCM, one or more VCM modules, which include mechanical assemblies and electrical units for operating a wheel when assembled on the vehicle and one or more electrical interfaces for exchanging signals and data between the VCM modules and the vehicle platform.
In some embodiments the VCM further comprises one or more sensors for measuring operational data of the one or more VCM modules and a VCM controller in electrical connection with the one or more electrical interfaces and the one or more electrical units of the VCM modules.
In some embodiments the VCM further comprises one or more of: a suspension module, a wheel driving module, a steering module, and a control module and the wheel driving module comprises one or more of: an electric motor unit, a transmission unit, and a braking unit.
In some embodiments one or more of the VCM modules are located between the wheel interface and the sub-frame.
In some embodiments the one or more of the electrical units comprise a VCM module controller and the VCM module controller comprises integrated circuits having hardware and software that control two or more VCM modules.
A vehicle is disclosed having one or more of the vehicle corner module described above.
In some embodiments the vehicle comprising a VCMs control unit (CSCU); and a platform-VCM bus for communication between the vehicle and one or more of electrical circuits located in the VCMs,
In some embodiments of the vehicle the VCMs are in direct electrical communication, such that data can be exchanged between the VCMs bypassing the CSCU.
A method of activating a vehicle corner module (VCM) is disclosed comprising mounting the VCM on a vehicle platform, setting a VCM operational profile, and activating the VCM to be operational with the VCM operational profile.
In some embodiments the method further comprises matching between operational profiles of the VCM and the vehicle platform and setting of a VCM operational profile is to a matching operational profile of the VCM.
In some embodiments the method further comprises matching between operational profiles of the VCM and the operational profiles of other VCMs coupled to the vehicle platform and setting the operational profile of one or more of the VCMs coupled to the vehicle platform in accordance to the matching between operational profiles of the one or more of the VCMs.
In some embodiments the method further comprises receiving an operational plan defined for the VCM and setting VCM operational profile according to the operational plan.
A method of servicing a vehicle having one or more vehicle corner modules (VCMs) is disclosed comprising receiving an indication that servicing of a system located m the VCM is required, halting the operation of the vehicle, de-coupling the VCM from the vehicle, mounting a substituting VCM to the vehicle and resuming the operation of the vehicle.
A vehicle corner module (VCM) is disclosed in accordance with embodiments of the present invention. A VCM may be adapted to connect a vehicle's wheel to a vehicle's platform, for providing to the wheel one or more from the following capabilities: rotational power, braking, steering, and suspension.
A VCM may operate driving systems of a vehicle by communicating operational data related to driving systems located at the VCM between the VCM and the vehicle platform. The VCM may include a sub-frame for connecting the VCM to the vehicle platform. A wheel interface for mounting a vehicle wheel to the VCM, mechanical and electrical driving systems for driving the vehicle platform, sensors for measuring operational data of the VCM and for reflecting that operational data to the VCM controller and optionally to the vehicle controller and transmit/receive unit to enable exchange of the data with the vehicle controller.
Control of the driving system of a VCM may be carried out by a control unit connected to one or more of the driving systems. The control unit can be associated with each of the systems. In some embodiments, control units of two or more of the VCM systems may be embodied in a common control unit, which may be associated with multiple driving systems. Thus, a single controller can be associated with multiple VCMs thereby integrating units as opposed to distributed units)
The VCM may comprise one or more modules from a list comprising a suspension module, a wheel driving module, a steering module and a control module. A driving module may comprise one or more units from an electric motor unit, transmission unit and braking unit. A steering unit may comprise local steering actuator or mechanical steering connectors adapted to receive steering control from outside of the VCM, and optionally steering transmission unit. A control module may be adapted to control all operational aspects of the VCM, such as wheel powering parameters (moment, speed, direction etc.), suspension dampening dynamics, braking operation, steering operation, and the like.
According to embodiments of the present invention a VCM may be adapted to interface with a vehicle mechanically and electrically and to interface with control signals of the vehicle. For example, the VCM may be adapted to be connected to the vehicle's platform and optionally to mechanically interface with steering controls provided by modules on the vehicle's platform. According to some embodiments the VCM may further be coupled mechanically with rotational power provided by modules on the vehicle's platform.
In some embodiments the VCM may be adapted to receive electrical power provided by electrical modules on the vehicle's platform and to translate the electrical power to rotational power provided to a wheel by, for example, an electrical motor comprised in the VCM. The provided electrical power may farther be utilized to produce steering control to the VCM, for example using an electrical steering module such as an electrical motor, with or without steering transmission, an electrical linear motor, and the like,
In some embodiments the VCM may be adapted to engage with a vehicle's control module disposed on the vehicle's platform, for exchanging data and control commands, for controlling the wheel “s rotation, braking, steering and/or suspension. In some embodiments a VCM may be configurable so as to match connecting to a given type of vehicle merely by data interaction between the vehicle controller and the VCM controller, at least with respect to control of momentary required driving power, braking profile, dampening profile and the like. According to some embodiments the plugging of a VCM to a vehicle, or its unplugging from the vehicle may be communicated to an external control unit.
A VCM module may be coupled to a vehicle's platform by mechanical means, electrical power means and control means. The coupling may be configured to operate by plug-in/plug-out means, in order to enable quick yet accurate installing/removing a VCM unit. Mounting of a VCM unit to a vehicle causes one or more of the results: coupling a wheel transmission to the vehicle platform; coupling a braking system to the vehicle's platform, coupling a suspension system to the vehicle's platform, coupling a steering system to the vehicle's platform; and coupling a wheel motor to the vehicle's platform.
According to embodiments of the invention mounting of a VCM onto a vehicle platform yields placing the vehicle and the VCM in a mechanical and electrical operational state, including required tunings and adaptations, such as adapting the dynamics of the just installed VCM (momentary driving moment, aligned steering, coordinated suspension, and the like) to the vehicle's other VCMs and vehicle platform. In some embodiments the VCM own performance parameters may be transmitted to the vehicle platform in order to enable bringing the installed VCM to full coordination with the vehicle other systems.
During installation of a VCM to a vehicle, the VCM may perform a, handshake process with a controller of the vehicle platform. In some embodiments, the handshake process includes data exchange with other VCMs of the vehicle. In some embodiments, the handshake may include communication with an external computing unit located away of the vehicle (e.g. external computer, connection to remote computing runt via cloud service, etc.).
Once installation is completed, a control system of the vehicle platform is in communication with the connected corner module and can communicate data and/or power to and from the corner modules to operate the corners by systems such as steer-by-wire, torque vectoring, brake-by-wire, yaw stability control systems (such as ESP systems),
Data exchanged between computing units on the vehicle platform and a VCM can include data representative of health monitoring and associated with preventative maintenance.
Data exchanged between computing units on the vehicle platform and a VCM can include VCM module identity number (ID) to uniquely identify the VCM, VCM model, VCM systems, and VCM capabilities/specifications. The exchanged data may further comprise vital sensor readings (errors, current lifetime status of components such as bearings, seals, oil levels, brake pads, air pressure, etc.).
An aspect of the invention relates to calibration of a VCM. Calibration can be performed after mounting the VCM on the vehicle platform. Calibration can be performed as a scheduled process. Calibration may further be performed in accordance to updated operational parameters of the vehicle and/or the VCM and/or VCMs. Calibration may include measuring, diagnosing and updating one or more of the following parameters of the VCM orientation of wheel mounted on the VCM (caber, caster, toe angle), braking performance in response to a given breaking input value, and vibrations of one or more of the assemblies of the VCM.
According to embodiments of the invention operation of a VCM may be performed adaptively based on VCM lifecycle, on data received from the VCM and based on operator's settings.
In some embodiments the actuators included in a VCM may be electrical and/or hydraulic actuators. One or more electrical motors powering the driving systems in the wheel may be located at a VCM. Power source can be located in the VCM or outside the VCM. When a hydraulic power source is located outside the VCM, the VCM may include hydraulic control/power actuators/transmission to operate the driving systems and/or the steering systems. When a hydraulic power source is located inside the VCM located inside the wheel, driving transmission may be smaller or not required at all.
In some embodiments, computing load associated with a vehicle having installed thereon at least one VCM may be separated between computing units of the vehicle platform and computing units included in the VCM unit (when the VCM is installed with computing unit(s)), as the case may be, so as to ensure that the aggregated computing capability is sufficient. A minimal computing duty for a computing unit in the VCM may be collecting and pre-processing sensor data from the various sensors in the VCM and providing the pre-processed data to computing unit of the vehicle platform and further receiving flow of control signals provided by the computing unit of the vehicle platform and distributing the signals to various actuators.
In some embodiments, following the connection (or assembly of) a VCM to the vehicle platform, a data connection may be established between the parties and autonomously the newly installed VCM may be recognized and may be placed in an operational state, without the need of a human involvement. Embodiments involving relatively high computing power at the VCM side enable high capability of upgrading the VCM operational features without overloading the vehicle platform computing unit. In some embodiments the operational profile of the vehicle nay be administered by the computing unit of the VCM. Further, high computing capabilities of the computing unit of the VCM enables production of VCMs without affecting production of the vehicle platform.
In some embodiments a VCM may be in active communication not only with the vehicle platform but also with at least one other VCM. Such state is referred to as inter-connected VCMs. VCM of a vehicle may be all of the same type, or may differ having same type at the front and having another type at the rear of the vehicle. In some other embodiments VCMs of one side may be of the same type and VCMs of the other side may be of a different type. For example, in a specific type of vehicle the front VCMs may be steerable and motorized while the rear VCMs may lack steering and motorizing capabilities. In another example, the VCMs may differ from each other by the sensors they are equipped with. In such embodiments VCMs that have more sensors may communicate relevant data to VCMs lacking these sensors.
In some embodiments the vehicle may be fully controlled through all aspects of the vehicle operation where all computing work is carried out by one or more of the computing units of the VCMs, with no computing unit on the vehicle platform, in some embodiments the vehicle may be controlled remotely, fully or partially, e.g. air autonomous vehicle.
A VCM—based vehicle may reduce routine or breakdown servicing time and costs by replacing traditional maintenance routine involving maintenance by the sub-module (brakes, steering, etc.) with replacement of the VCM in which one (or more) functions are misfunctioning with a fully functional VCM drat may be selected to fit the type of vehicle mechanically while all other aspects of its operation may be tuned to fit the vehicle using data exchange between the newly installed VCM and the entire vehicle and their VCMs. Tins process may take from a few seconds to up to few minutes, thereby keeping the in-garage down time of the vehicle to minimum, while the misfunctioning VCM may be maintained after the vehicle leaves the garage. The simplicity associated with the dismantling or assembling a VCM from/to a vehicle platform enables use of robotic equipment for carrying out the job, thereby expediting the process even more and reducing the man-labor hours. According to this embodiment maintenance may require less training and proficiency and even may be carried out by the operator of the vehicle at his/her own home garage. Further, a vehicle may be upgraded by upgrading its VCMs, without needing to change the vehicle platform. In addition, insurance of the vehicle may be changed from whole-vehicle model to VCM-based model of insurance.
In this type of embodiments, replacement of a VCM may involve the following steps: unfastening the VCM from the vehicle platform, disconnecting the electrical/communication connection(s) if any, positioning the replacement VCM and fastening it to the vehicle platform, re-connecting the electrical/communication connection(s) and allowing the newly installed VCM to autonomously complete its fitting-in process, carried by connecting to other VCMs and/or to the vehicle platform computing unit. This replacement process may be carried out by any one of a servicing professional, an untrained operator, or a robotic system.
VCMs that are stored on shelves waiting to be used in a vehicle may be tested for proper operational state periodically or by demand. The in-store VCM may be connected to a testing facility that many imitate full connection of the tested VCM to an operative vehicle and may inject test signals to the tested VCM and monitor the received signals, received wither from in-VCM sensors or external sensors being part of the testing facility. The test procedure may end with go/no-go of the tested VCM or may also add test brief that may be provided to the operator and also be saved in the computing unit of the tested VCM, thereby making the tuning of the VCM after it was installed on the vehicle faster and more accurate.
The testing procedure may be adapted to perform one or more of the following test protocols: testing a single system of the VCM, testing multiple systems of the VCM, testing two or more of foe VCM systems in an operational scenario involving combined operations of the systems (e.g. steering while changing speed), repetition of the test for a number of times and/or in a changing rate, and testing the VCM according to given driving profile.
Cost of usage of a VCM may serve for business transactions such as rental of vehicle, rental of corner modules, service plans, subscription services. Some examples of operational parameters are: distance traveled, hours used, accelerations (max, frequency)—data that can correlate with VCM wear rates. Operational data may be compared to operational planned values. Planned values may be part of a business plan defined for foe VCM and/or vehicle, e.g. during purchasing the VCM, renting the VCM, purchasing/subscribing to service plan for the VCM Financial data may relate to information used in insurance plan. Insurance plan can be of a corner module and/or vehicle. Insurance plan cost may be based on historical data of the VCM. According to some embodiments, operation of the VCM may be controlled according to financial data. In some embodiments, performance (operational profile) of the VCM is selected as a dependency of selected plan. In some embodiments, performance (operational profile) of the VCM is selected as a dependency of actual VCM data with respect to preceding plan. Operational profile may be set to be reduced/increased.
Some embodiments of a VCM, VCM uses, VCM as part of a vehicle and the like are described herein below with regard to the following drawings.
Reference is made now to
Reference is made to
According to some embodiments, one or more of the control units 204A are designed to have merged components and functionality. In some embodiments, merging control units is by sharing processing algorithms having shared operational parameters (e.g. rotational speed). In some embodiments, merged control units share power source. In some embodiments, merged control units receive input from a common set of sensors (e.g. sensors included in 204B). In some embodiments, merged control units are accommodated within a common mechanical compartment. In some embodiments, merging control units reduces the size of control units located within VCM 150.
According to some embodiments, one or more of control units 204A are positioned with VCM 150 by using potting technique, such as the control unit does not require external housing besides of being supported at the mechanical structure of system on VCM 150.
Reference is made to
Reference is made to
Reference is made now to
According to some embodiments the vehicle in
The configuration depicted in
Yet, in some embodiments a VCM-to-VCM bus (such as bus 223 of
Reference is made now to
Each of the SW modules may be in active communication with central SW module 248, winch is adapted to receive control, status and error data from each of the SW modules, to store it and optionally to process the received data according to program lines stored thereon in a non-volatile memory (not shown). Central SW module 248 may be in active communication with vehicle control unit (not shown), for example according to one or more of the control schemes described elsewhere herein. Central SW module 248 is adapted to receive control signals from an external control entity (not shown), such as Autonomous Control unit (not shown). In some embodiments each of the SW modules may be operated on a dedicated computing device (not shown) that may be disposed on, or in close proximity to the physical module it is adapted to control. This way, the respective HW/SW module is capable of full replacement ability simply by the removal of the associated module and replacing it with another such module. In other embodiments two or more of the SW modules may be embodied on a single HW platform, e.g. that is disposed on the vehicle platform. In some embodiments the HW modules of the physical modules may be identical to each other and may vary only by the SW package loaded to the HW module. This arrangement may save costs, may lower the number of on-the-shelf spare modules and may shorten the time needed for removal, installation and SW load-and-tune time.
Reference is made now to
Reference is made now to
Reference is made to
Reference is made to
Reference is made now to
Reference is made now to
Reference is made now to
VCM 454 may be adapted to be mounted in storage unit 452 via one or more mechanical mounts 452A and at least one electrical and control connector 452B. Any one of mounts 452A may be adapted to support the weight of VCM 454 within storage unit 452, In some embodiments, one or more of mounts 452A contain electrical circuit.
According to some embodiments, storage unit 452 may be provided with controller and control programs (not shown) adapted to perform health tests to the VCM 454 when stored within storage unit 452, as explained herein above. Storage unit 452 may further comprise local output unit 452C (e.g. display, wireless transmitter/receiver, etc.) that may provide VCM test results and enable control of test parameters. One or more mounts 452A may include or comprise one or more form the following sensors: vibration sensor, mechanical load sensor, mechanical moment sensor, and the like. Tests may be performed by activation one or more of the VCM systems according to the test scheme. The testing results may be recorded by the VCM sensors 454A and/or by sensors included in mounts 452A.
Storage unit 452 may be a container having a plurality of walls 450a, 450b, 450c, 450d. Storage unit 452 may be shaped to fit a VCM 454 or may be designed to be adjustable (e.g. by adjustable mounts 452A) to fit a plurality of VCM types. Storage unit 452 may be shaped and sized to accommodate a plurality of VCMs 454 as once. Storage unit 452 may be stationary or may be adapted to be mobile.
Reference is made now to
The VCM version is checked in step 506. If VCM validation fails, a notice is issued in step 506a. Failure notice may be provided to an operator and may be visual or by sound. Failure notice may be an output transmitted to another device. Failure notice may be provided by the VCM and/or by the vehicle platform, and/or a device connected to the VCM. In some embodiments, if the VCM version needs to be updated an update takes place at step 506b.
The VCM profile and the platform profile are matched in step 508 and if matching fails tins is reported in step 508a. In some embodiments, reporting 508a is followed by unplugging of VCM and terminating the plugging a VCM to a vehicle platform process. Reporting 508a may be to an operator and may be visual or by sound. Reporting 508a may be an output transmitted to another device. Reporting 508a may be provided by the VCM and/or by the vehicle platform, and/or a device connected to the VCM.
At step 510 the newly installed VCM is activated using a profile that matches the vehicle's profile. According to some embodiments, a profile is selected from profiles database stored at the VCM. In some embodiments, profiles database is stored at the vehicle platform. In some embodiments, profiles database is stored at a remote storage unit (device, computer, cloud). According to some embodiments, selected operational profile includes activating/deactivating of system related to steering and/or braking and/or driving of the VCM. According to some embodiments, profile includes operational parameters that fit the performance of the vehicle. In some embodiments, profile includes operational parameters that fit a driver profile. In some embodiments, profile includes predictive operational parameters according to planned operation of the vehicle (e.g. time, distances, speed, weather, road conditions).
The VCM historical data may optionally be loaded at step 512. In some embodiments, historical data may be operational data of the vehicle platform. In some embodiments, historical data may be operational data of the VCM. In some embodiments, historical data may be of planned operation of the vehicle. In some embodiments, loading historical data 512 is followed by analyzing 513 the historical data. In some embodiments, a warning is provided when analyzing 513 results in conflicting with expected operation of the VCM and/or the vehicle platform (e.g. time to maintenance is short to allow predictive operation).
After the VCM has been activated, its profile is matched with those of other VCMs of the vehicle at step 514. According to some embodiments, if a mismatch is found it is reported in step 514a (reporting method can be similar to those listed above).
At step 516 the profile of the new VCM is adjusted to those of the other VCMs of the vehicle,
At step 518 the profiles of the other VCMs are adjusted to that of the new VCM, thereby creating closed loop, until a required adjustment has been achieved. When adjustment of all VCMs has successfully finished the activation of the newly installed VCM becomes operational at step 520.
Reference is made now to
Reference is made now to
The following steps (712 to 716) are optional: in step 712 data from the other VCMs may be received and in step 714 the operational profile of the newly installed VCM may be set based on data from the other VCMs. If historical info of the new VCM is required it may be loaded in step 714a, in order to optimize the results achieved in step 714. Finally, in step 716 operational parameters of the VCMs are calibrated to match operation with the vehicle systems.
Reference is made now to
Updating 802 is followed by identifying (step 804) one or more of the systems of the one or more VCMs that may support the required updated operational parameters of the vehicle.
Updated parameters are now computed for the identified VCM systems (step 806). The computing may be done by computing units on the vehicle platform or at the VCM as the case may be. Following the computing step 806 operational parameters for actuating one or more of the systems in one or more VCMS are updated (step 808). After the update step 808, the VCM systems are actuated (step 810) and approval of successful actuation of systems of the VCM is provided to the vehicle platform and/or the other VCMs (step 812).
One or more of the steps of identifying 804, updating 808, actuating 810, and approving 812, may include data exchange between VCM and VCM systems control unit are described elsewhere above.
Reference is made now to
Target operational profile set is received from the vehicle operator (step 902). Target operational profile may be provided during one or more of the operations of the vehicle, a servicing procedure, and an initial activation.
Setting target profile (902) is followed by receiving (904) of current operational profile of the vehicle from the vehicle platform controller and/or from the one or more controlling units of the one or more VCMs.
Based on the above target VCM operational parameters and current operational profiles, target operational profile parameters may be calculated (step 906). Calculating 906 can be by computing units located at the vehicle platform, the VCM, and/or a remote computing unit,
The calculated operational parameters may be distributed (step 908) to one or more control units in one or more VCMs control runts may transmit updated actuation signals to the systems in the VCMs in accordance to the target parameters values,
Reference is made now to
Next, based on the previous steps it is determined whether the VCM is able to achieve the predicted performance (step 1006). At this step updated operational parameters may be calculated in order to achieve the predictive data (step 1006a) and optionally the predictive data is update accordingly (step 1006b).
Activation instructions that may be based on the calculated updated predictive data may now be sent to the one or more VCMs (step 1008) and be determined again, in closed loop, in step 1006. In case calculating 1006a results in a failure of providing updated operational parameters, failure is provided. One or more of the steps of determining 1006 and calculating 1006a can be by the computing units located at the one or more of vehicle platform, the VCM, and/or a remote computing unit.
Reference is made now to
A VCM may be identified as requiring replacement, for example in one of the following paths: a mismatch has been detected between the target operational parameters of the VCM, and the actual operational parameters, that exceeds a predetermined threshold (step 1102A), in case the expiration of the VCM has been detected (step 1102B) or in case a change in the planned service program has been detected (step 1102C).
If it was determined that the VCM need to be replaced a signal expressing “replacement is required” will be issued (step 1150) and the operation mode of the vehicle will be set to service mode (step 1106).
The misfunctioning VCM is removed from the vehicle platform (step 1108) and according to its actual state it may be discarded (step 1110A) or be serviced (step 1110B).
Regardless of the actual state of the removed VCM, a replacement VCM may be mounted to the vehicle platform and is activated (step 1112) and the replacement operation resumes (step 1114).
Reference is made now to
Reference is made now to
The operation of a VCM may be associated with systems and processes that contribute to the operational parameters and the selection of operational profile. The operation of a VCM may also be associated with systems and databases used for financial purpose and business transactions. Cost of usage may serve for business transactions such as rental of vehicle, rental of VCMs, service plans, subscription services. Some examples of operational parameters that can be communicated with other systems may be: distance traveled, hours operated, accelerations (max, frequency), all of these provide data that can correlate with VCM wear rates. Operational data may be compared to planned values. Planned values may be part of a business plan defined for the VCM and/or the vehicle, e.g. during purchasing the VCM, renting the VCM, purchasing/subscribing to service plan for the VCM (e.g., VCM-as a service), and purchasing usage plan. Financial data may relate to information used in insurance plan. Insurance plan can be of a VCM and/or a vehicle. Insurance plan cost may be based on historical data of the VCM. According to some embodiments, operation of the VCM may be controlled according to financial data and financial considerations. In some embodiments, performance (operational profile) of the VCM is selected as a dependency of selected plan. In some embodiments, performance (operational profile) of the VCM is selected as a dependency of actual VCM data with respect to a preceding plan. As shown in
Operational data of the VCM may be recorded (1312) to be used by other systems after outputting (1314) the recorded operation data of the VCM. Other systems, which may be financial system, may receive (1316) the operational data Received data, can be used for analyzing (1318) usage of data of the VCM, and calculating (1320) financial charges according to the analyzed data. Financial charges may be outputted (1322) to VCM holder. In some embodiments, analyzed data may be outputted for updating (1324) the operational plan of the VCM.
As shown in steps 1330 to 1336, the plan can be based on a business plan set for the VCM, The operational plan of the VCM may be set (1332), stored (1334) in a database, and outputted (1336) as required to another device (e.g. external computer, cloud, vehicle platform computing unit, and corner module computing unit).
We now refer to
The vehicle 100 illustrated in
As shown in the examples of
We now refer to
In some embodiments, the plurality of VCM sub-systems in any given VCM 150 includes all of the four sub-systems of paragraphs a.-d. In other embodiments, the plurality of VCM sub-systems in a given VCM 150 or in each VCM 150 of a given pair of opposing VCMs 150 can include a selected two sub-systems or a selected three sub-systems. In
Referring now to
The external computer 75 can be, for example, the testing computer 13 shown in
The storage medium 58 of the exemplary VCM controller 50 is shown in
In various embodiments, as illustrated in
Referring now to
Referring now to
According to the method illustrated in
In some embodiments, the method includes an additional step S14, as illustrated in the flowchart of
As further illustrated in the flowchart of
In some embodiments, both Steps S15a and S15b are included in the method; in an illustrative example, a leasing arrangement provides for servicing and/or replacing of the VCM at a predetermined tariff price or at a discounted price, e.g., based on a percentage discount.
In some embodiments, the method includes an additional step S16, as illustrated in the flowchart of
Referring now to
We now refer to
Additional Discussion of Inventive Concepts
Inventive Concept 1: A vehicle corner module (VCM) system, comprising: a sub-frame of interfacing between the VCM and a vehicle platform; a wheel interface for coupling a wheel to the VCM; one or more of VCM modules, which include mechanical assemblies and electrical units for operating a wheel when assembled on the vehicle; and one or more electrical interfaces for exchanging signals and data between the VCM modules and the vehicle platform.
Inventive Concept 2: A vehicle corner module (VCM) system according to Inventive Concept 1, comprising: one or more sensors for measuring operational data of the one or more VCM modules; a VCM controller in electrical connection with the one or more electrical interfaces and the one or more electrical units of the VCM modules.
Inventive Concept 3: A vehicle corner module (VCM) system according to either one of Inventive Concepts 1 or 2, wherein the VCM modules comprise one or more of: a suspension module, a wheel driving module, a steering module, and a control module, and the wheel driving module comprises one or more of: an electric motor unit, a transmission unit, and a braking unit.
Inventive Concept 4: A VCM system according to any one of Inventive Concepts 1 to 3, wherein one or more VCM modules are located between the wheel interface and the sub-frame.
Inventive Concept 5: A VCM system, according to any one of Inventive Concepts 1 to 4, wherein: the one or more electrical units comprise a VCM module controller; and the VCM module controller comprises integrated circuits having hardware and software that control two or more VCM modules.
Inventive Concept 6: A vehicle having one or more of the VCMs of Inventive Concepts 1 to 5.
Inventive Concept 7: A vehicle according to Inventive Concept 6, comprising a VCM control unit (CSCU); and a platform-VCM bus for communication between the vehicle and one or more of electrical circuits located in the VCMs.
Inventive Concept 8: A vehicle according to Inventive Concept 7, wherein the VCMs are in direct electrical communication, such that data can be exchanged between the VCMs bypassing the CSCU.
Inventive Concept 9: A method of activating a VCM, comprising: mounting the VCM on a vehicle platform; setting a VCM operational profile; and activating the VCM to be operational with the VCM operational profile.
Inventive Concept 10: A method according to Inventive Concept 9, comprising: matching between operational profiles of the VCM and the vehicle platform; and the setting of a VCM operational profile is to a matching operational profile of the VCM.
Inventive Concept 11: A method according to either one of Inventive Concept 9 or 10, comprising: matching between operational profiles of the VCM and the operational profiles of other VCMs coupled to the vehicle platform; and setting the operational profile of one or more of the VCMs coupled to the vehicle platform in accordance to the matching between operational profiles of the one or more of the VCMs.
Inventive Concept 12: A method according to any one of Inventive Concept 9 to 11, comprising: receiving an operational plan defined for the VCM; and setting a VCM operational profile according to the operational plan.
Inventive Concept 13. A method according to any one of Inventive Concept 9 to 12, comprising: recording operational data of the VCM; and outputting operational data to a computing system external to the VCM.
Inventive Concept 14. A method of servicing a vehicle having one or more vehicle corner modules (VCMs), comprising: receiving an indication that servicing of a system located in the VCM is required; halting the operation of the vehicle; de-coupling the VCM from the vehicle; mounting a substituting VCM to the vehicle; and resuming the operation of the vehicle.
The present invention has been described using detailed descriptions of embodiments thereof that are provided by way of example and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The described embodiments comprise different features, not all of which are required in all embodiments of the invention. Some embodiments of the present invention utilize only some of the features or possible combinations of the features. Variations of embodiments of the present invention that are described and embodiments of the present invention comprising different combinations of features noted in the described embodiments will occur to persons skilled in the art to which the invention pertains.
In the description and claims of the present disclosure, each of the verbs, “comprise”, “include” and “have”, and conjugates thereof, are used to indicate that the object or objects of the verb are not necessarily a complete listing of members, components, elements or parts of the subject or subjects of the verb. As used herein, the singular form “a”, “an” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term “a marking” or “at least one marking” may include a plurality of markings.
PCT/IB2020/062598 which was filed on Dec. 31, 2020, and which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. PCT/IB2020/062598 claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 62/956,358, filed on Jan. 2, 2020, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. application Ser. No. 17/335,983 which was filed on Jun. 1, 2021 is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. application Ser. No. 17/464,121 which was filed on Sep. 1, 2021 is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. U.S. application Ser. No. 17/666,321 which was filed on Feb. 7, 2022 is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
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| Number | Date | Country |
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| 107949514 | Apr 2018 | CN |
| 102010011307 | Sep 2011 | DE |
| 1850807 | Dec 2019 | SE |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20230032858 A1 | Feb 2023 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62956358 | Jan 2020 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
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| Child | 17964948 | US | |
| Parent | 17789216 | US | |
| Child | 17666321 | US | |
| Parent | 17464121 | Sep 2021 | US |
| Child | 17666321 | US | |
| Parent | 17335983 | Jun 2021 | US |
| Child | 17464121 | US | |
| Parent | PCT/IB2020/062598 | Dec 2020 | US |
| Child | 17666321 | US | |
| Parent | PCT/IB2020/062598 | Dec 2020 | US |
| Child | 17464121 | US | |
| Parent | PCT/IB2020/062598 | Dec 2020 | US |
| Child | 17335983 | US |
