TECHNICAL FIELD
The present invention belongs to the technical field of vehicles, and relates to a vehicle moving across a water-air interface.
BACKGROUND
At present, the surface platform technology has been widely used in marine monitoring, environmental science research, marine resource exploration and other fields. Existing surface platforms mainly rely on wind or solar energy for power propulsion, have the characteristics of autonomous navigation and long-term cruising, and can carry out long-term and long-distance reconnaissance missions.
However, current surface platform technology still has a series of problems. First, its performance in harsh environmental conditions may be limited due to reliance on wind or solar energy, possibly affecting its reliability and sustainability in extreme environments. Second, the existing technology, when dealing with emergencies and urgent missions, lacks multiple navigation modes and flexible wind power module transformation mechanisms due to the single navigation form, resulting in relatively limited adaptability and the need for more flexible designs to meet diverse mission requirements.
In addition, the existing surface platforms lack sufficient emergency response mechanism when dealing with emergencies, urgent missions and severe meteorologic conditions, which poses certain risks. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a new surface platform technology to improve adaptability and flexibility in complex environments and multi-objective missions.
SUMMARY
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, the present invention provides a vehicle moving across a water-air interface.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a vehicle moving across a water-air interface, includes a cabin base, a transformable sail, a reefing mechanism and a reefing control mechanism; the reefing mechanism includes a sail fixing base, a first rotating shaft fixing plate, a second rotating shaft fixing plate, a first sliding block, a sliding block nut, an arc-shaped chute, a slide rail, a connecting plate, a second sliding block, a first connecting shaft and a second connecting shaft; the transformable sail is fixed on the sail fixing base; the second sliding block is connected with the slide rail; the first connecting shaft is mounted on the connecting plate in conjunction with a bearing, and is fixed on both sides of the connecting plate by the first rotating shaft fixing plate and the second rotating shaft fixing plate; both ends of the first connecting shaft are respectively fixedly connected with the first sliding block and the sail fixing base; the arc-shaped chute is connected with the first sliding block by the sliding block nut; the second connecting shaft is connected with the reefing control mechanism by a lever assembly; and the reefing control mechanism is mounted on the cabin base.
Preferably, the reefing control mechanism includes a reefing console and a first telescopic oil sac; the reefing console is mounted on the cabin base by an elastic telescopic rod member; and the first telescopic oil sac is mounted between the reefing console and the cabin base.
Preferably, the lever assembly includes a retractable lever and a fulcrum post; the fulcrum post is fixed at a bottom portion of the cabin base; a middle portion of the retractable lever is connected with a top portion of the fulcrum post; and both ends of the retractable lever are respectively connected with the reefing console and the second connecting shaft by key shafts.
Preferably, the transformable sail includes a right sailboard, a self-locking limit plate, a self-locking control shaft, a left sailboard, a sail transformation control shaft, transformation connecting rods and a transformable sail fixing portion; the transformable sail fixing portion is fixed on the sail fixing base, and the right sailboard and the left sailboard are connected with the transformable sail fixing portion by hinges; an upper end of the self-locking control shaft passes through the transformable sail fixing portion and is fixed on the self-locking limit plate; the self-locking limit plate is connected with an upper portion of the transformable sail fixing portion by an elastic telescopic rod member; an upper end of the sail transformation control shaft passes through the transformable sail fixing portion and is hinged with one end of the two transformation connecting rods respectively; the other ends of the two transformation connecting rods are respectively connected with the left sailboard and the right sailboard; and a lower end of the sail transformation control shaft is a magnet end.
Preferably, the vehicle further includes a sail transformation control mechanism, and the sail transformation control mechanism includes a sail transformation console, a second telescopic oil sac, a first positive electrode post, a second positive electrode post and a strong magnetic switch; the sail transformation console is mounted on the cabin base by an elastic telescopic rod member; the second telescopic oil sac is fixed on the sail transformation console; the first positive electrode post is fixed on a bottom surface of the sail transformation console, the second positive electrode post is fixed on the cabin base, and positions of the first positive electrode post and the second positive electrode post are coaxial; and the strong magnetic switch is mounted on a top surface of the sail transformation console for butting with the magnet end of the sail transformation control shaft.
Preferably, the elastic telescopic rod member includes a mounting post, a mounting shaft and a spring; the mounting shaft is slidably connected with the mounting post; and the spring is sleeved on the mounting post and fixed at both ends.
Preferably, the vehicle further includes an undulating propulsion mechanism, and the undulating propulsion mechanism includes an undulating fin, a plurality of undulating fin rays and undulating propulsion steering gears, and the undulating fin is fixed on the undulating fin rays; each undulating fin ray is connected with an undulating propulsion steering gear; and the undulating propulsion steering gear is fixed on the transformable sail fixing portion.
By means of mutual cooperation among the reefing mechanism, the reefing control mechanism, the transformable sail, the sail transformation control mechanism and the undulating propulsion mechanism, the vehicle moving across the water-air interface according to the present invention can freely switch between a surface navigation mode and an underwater navigation mode, and can more flexibly adapt to different mission requirements, including various application scenarios such as marine investigation and resource exploration.
BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structure of a vehicle moving across a water-air interface according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a reefing mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a reefing console according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a cabin base according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a self-locking control switch according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a transformable sail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a left sailboard according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a right sailboard according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a transformable sail fixing portion according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a self-locking control shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a self-locking limit plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram of a strong magnetic switch and a sail transformation console;
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a sail transformation control shaft according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of a transformation connecting rod according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a vertical position of a transformable sail according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a horizontal position of a transformable sail according to an embodiment of the present invention; and
FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a transformable sail in an unfurled state according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Reference numerals in the drawings: 1. hull; 2. deck; 3. transformable sail; 4. self-locking control switch; 5. reefing mechanism; 6. retractable lever; 7. reefing spring; 8. reefing console; 9. first telescopic oil sac; 10. reefing limit screw; 11. cabin base; 12. second telescopic oil sac; 13. first positive electrode post; 14. second positive electrode post; 15. sail transformation console; 16. sail transformation limit screw; 17. deformation spring; 18. rudder; 19. steering gear;
- 301. right sailboard; 302. self-locking limit plate; 303. self-locking control shaft; 304. self-locking limit spring; 305. self-locking limit screw; 306. left sailboard; 307. undulating propulsion steering gear; 308. undulating fin ray; 309. undulating fin; 310. sail transformation control shaft; 311. fixed block; 312. transformation connecting rod; 313. transformable sail fixing portion;
- 301-1. right limit block; 301-2. right mounting seat;
- 302-1. hollow shaft; 302-2. shaft fixing hole;
- 303-1. shaft engagement post; 303-2. shaft fixing end;
- 306-1. left limit block; 306-2. left mounting seat;
- 310-1. magnet end; 310-2. transformation connecting rod mounting groove; 310-3. rotary fixing hole;
- 313-1. through-shaft hole; 313-2. shaft mounting hole; 313-3. hollow shaft hole;
- 501. sail fixing base; 502. first rotating shaft fixing plate; 503. second rotating shaft fixing plate; 504. first sliding block; 505. sliding block nut; 506, arc-shaped chute; 507. slide rail; 508. connecting plate; 509. second sliding block; 510. first connecting shaft; 511. second connecting shaft;
- 4-1. shaft engagement groove; 4-2. square post; 4-3. switch fastening nut;
- 8-1. oil sac missing hole; 8-2. reefing console mounting shaft;
- 11-1. fulcrum post; 11-2. cabin base screw hole; 11-3. limit screw fixing end; 11-4. electrode mounting hole; 11-5. first hollow mounting post; 11-6. second hollow mounting post;
- 15-1. strong magnetic switch; 15-2. switch mounting hollow shaft; 15-3. strong magnetic switch wire; and 15-4. sail transformation console mounting shaft.
DESCRIPTION OF THE EMBODIMENTS
Embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail below, and examples of specific embodiments are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, where the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, are intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation to the present invention.
The present invention provides a vehicle moving across a water-air interface, with a structure as shown in FIG. 1, mainly including: a shell 1, a deck 2, a transformable sail 3, a self-locking control switch 4, a reefing mechanism 5, a retractable lever 6, reefing springs 7, a reefing console 8, a first telescopic oil sac 9, a reefing limit screw 10, a cabin base 11, a second telescopic oil sac 12, a first positive electrode post 13, a second positive electrode post 14, a sail transformation console 15, a sail transformation limit screw 16, a deformation spring 17, a rudder 18, a steering gear 19, and an undulating propulsion mechanism. The cabin base 11 is fixed to a bottom portion of the hull 1 through a cabin base screw hole 11-2. The steering gear 19 is mounted to the hull 1 by screws, and the rudder 18 is connected to a rotating shaft of the steering gear 19 by a coupling. The deck 2 is mounted on the hull. The reefing mechanism 5 is respectively connected with the transformable sail and a reefing control mechanism to realize a reefing action of the transformable sail from a vertical position to a horizontal position. The transformable sail 3 is also connected with a sail transformation control mechanism to achieve unfurling and transformation of the transformable sail and facilitate operation of the undulating propulsion mechanism.
As shown in FIG. 2, the reefing mechanism 5 includes a sail fixing base 501, a first rotating shaft fixing plate 502, a second rotating shaft fixing plate 503, a first sliding block 504, a sliding block nut 505, an arc-shaped chute 506, a slide rail 507, a connecting plate 508, a second sliding block 509, a first connecting shaft 510, and a second connecting shaft 511. The second sliding block 509 is mounted to the slide rail 507 to ensure slidability, and the connecting plate 508 is fixed to the second sliding block 509 by screws. The first connecting shaft 510 is mounted to the connecting plate 508 at a middle position in conjunction with a bearing to ensure rotatability, and is fixed on both sides of the connecting plate 508 by the first rotating shaft fixing plate 502 and the second rotating shaft fixing plate 503. The first sliding block 504 and the sail fixing base 501 are mounted to both ends of the first connecting shaft 510 and fastened to the first connecting shaft 510 by reserved screw fastening holes, so that the first sliding block 504 and the sail fixing base 501 are not rotatable along the first connecting shaft 510. The first sliding block 504 is provided with a guide shaft, the guide shaft passes through the arc-shaped chute 506 and is connected with the sliding block nut 505, and the sliding block nut 505 plays a limiting role, ensuring that the guide shaft of the first sliding block 504 is slidable in a notch of the arc-shaped chute 506. A radian of the arc-shaped chute 506 is 90 degrees, which allows the sail fixing base 501 to rotate from a vertical position to a horizontal position when the first sliding block 504 is driven by the guide shaft to slide from an upper end of the arc-shaped chute to a lower end of the arc-shaped chute. A portion of the second connecting shaft 511 passing through the deck 2 is sealed with an oil seal to ensure that water does not enter the cabin.
As shown in FIG. 1, the reefing control mechanism includes the reefing console 8, the first telescopic oil sac 9, and the retractable lever 6. The first telescopic oil sac 9 is fixed between the cabin base 11 and the reefing console 8, ensuring that the first oil sac 9 can expand up and down without deviating from this position. The first telescopic oil sac 9 is connected with a fuel oil tank, and performs an action of filling or draining oil under the control of a control system.
As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the reefing console 8 is provided with reefing console mounting shafts 8-2 at four corners thereof, and is provided with an oil sac missing hole 8-1 at a middle portion thereof. The reefing console mounting shafts 8-2 of the reefing console 8 are mounted into first hollow mounting posts 11-5 of the cabin base 11, ensuring that both can fully slide. The reefing springs 7 are mounted to the first hollow mounting posts 11-5 of the cabin base 11, and both ends of the reefing springs 7 are respectively welded and fixed with the cabin base 11 and the reefing console 8. The reefing console mounting shaft 8-2, the first hollow mounting post 11-5 and the reefing spring 7 together form an elastic telescopic rod member. Here, the reefing console mounting shafts 8-2 of the reefing console 8 are also hollow shafts, the reefing limit screw 10 passes through the reefing console mounting shaft 8-2 and is mounted to a limit screw fixing end 11-3 of the cabin base 11, and the reefing limit screw 10 ensures that movable displacement of the reefing console 8 does not exceed a specified value. A central fulcrum of the retractable lever 6 is mounted to an upper end of a fulcrum post 11-1 of the cabin base 11 by a key shaft, and the retractable lever 6 and the fulcrum post 11-1 form a lever assembly. Both ends of the retractable lever 6 are respectively mounted to the reefing console 8 and the second connecting shaft 511 by key shafts.
As shown in FIG. 5, an upper end face of the self-locking control switch 4 is provided with a shaft engagement groove 4-1, a middle portion thereof is a square post 4-2, and a lower end thereof is a switch fastening nut 4-3. The square post 4-2 passes through the hull 1 and is sealed with a sealing gasket, and a lower end thereof is fixed with the switch fastening nut 4-3 to ensure that the self-locking control switch 4 can move up and down.
As shown in FIGS. 6 to 14, the transformable sail 3 includes a right sailboard 301, a self-locking limit plate 302, a self-locking control shaft 303, a left sailboard 306, a sail transformation control shaft 310, transformation connecting rods 312, and a transformable sail fixing portion 313. The transformable sail fixing portion 313 is fixed to a platform of the sail fixing base 501 by screws, and the right sailboard 301 and the left sailboard 306 are connected with the transformable sail fixing portion 313 by hinges. A shaft fixing end 303-2 of the self-locking control shaft 303 is fixed in a shaft fixing hole 302-2 of the self-locking limit plate 302 through a through-shaft hole 313-1 of the transformable sail fixing portion 313. A hollow shaft 302-1 of the self-locking limit plate 302 is mounted into a hollow shaft hole 313-3 of the transformable sail fixing portion 313, and the hollow shaft 302-1 and the hollow shaft hole 313-3 should have good slidability. Both ends of a self-locking limit spring 304 are respectively welded to a bottom end of the hollow shaft hole 313-3 of the transformable sail fixing portion 313 and the self-locking limit plate 302, and four self-locking limit screws 305 pass through the hollow shafts 302-1 and are screwed into the hollow shaft holes 313-3. A lower end face of the self-locking control shaft 303 is provided with a shaft engagement post 303-1 for mating and butting with the shaft engagement groove 4-1 on the self-locking control switch 4.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 7, 8, 9 and 13, an upper end of the sail transformation control shaft 310 passes through a shaft mounting hole 313-2 of the transformable sail fixing portion 313. The two transformation connecting rods 312 are reversely mounted to a transformation connecting rod mounting groove 310-2 of the sail transformation control shaft 310, and are fixed in a rotary fixing hole 310-3 of the sail transformation control shaft 310 by shaft keys as rotation fulcrums of the two transformation connecting rods 312. A lower end of the sail transformation control shaft 310 is a magnet end 310-1.
Ball ends of the two transformation connecting rods 312 are provided with fixing blocks 311, and the two fixing blocks 311 are respectively fixed to a left mounting seat 306-2 on the left sailboard 306 and a right mounting seat 301-2 on the right sailboard 301 by screws.
As shown in FIG. 6, the undulating propulsion mechanism includes an undulating fin 309, an undulating fin ray 308, and an undulating propulsion steering gear 307. The undulating fin 309 is nailed to the undulating fin ray 308, the undulating fin ray 308 is mounted to the undulating propulsion steering gear 307, and the undulating propulsion steering gear 307 is fixed on the transformable sail fixing portion 313 by screws.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 12, the sail transformation control mechanism includes the sail transformation console 15, the second telescopic oil sac 12, the positive electrode post 13, and the negative electrode post 14. The second telescopic oil sac 12 is fixed on the sail transformation console 15, and the second telescopic oil sac 12 is also connected with the fuel oil tank, and performs the action of filling or draining oil under the control of the control system.
Four corners of a lower surface of the sail transformation console 15 are provided with a sail transformation console mounting shaft 15-4 respectively, an upper surface thereof is provided with a switch mounting hollow shaft 15-2, and a strong magnetic switch 15-1 is mounted on a top portion of the switch mounting hollow shaft 15-2. The sail transformation console 15, the sail transformation limit screw 16 and the deformation spring 17 are mounted to the cabin base 11 in the same manner as the reefing console. That is, the sail transformation console mounting shaft 15-4 of the sail transformation console 15 is mounted into a second hollow mounting post 11-6 of the cabin base 11, ensuring that both can fully slide; and the deformation spring 17 is mounted onto the second hollow mounting post 11-6 of the cabin base 11, and both ends of the deformation spring 17 are respectively welded and fixed with the cabin base 11 and the sail transformation console 15. The sail transformation console mounting shaft 15-4, the second hollow mounting post 11-6 and the deformation spring 17 together form an elastic telescopic rod member. Here, the sail transformation console mounting shaft 15-4 of the sail transformation console 15 is also a hollow shaft, the sail transformation limit screw 16 passes through the sail transformation console mounting shaft 15-4 and is mounted to a limit screw fixing end 11-3 of the cabin base 11, and the sail transformation limit screw 16 ensures that movable displacement of the sail transformation console 15 does not exceed a specified value. The first positive electrode post 13 is fixed to a bottom surface of the sail transformation console 15 by screws, and the hollow second positive electrode post 14 is fixed into an electrode mounting hole 11-4 by screws; and positions of the first positive electrode post 13 and the second positive electrode post 14 are coaxial. The strong magnetic switch 15-1 is screwed into the switch mounting hollow shaft 15-2, a positive electrode of a strong magnetic switch wire 15-3 thereof is connected to the first positive electrode post 13, the second positive electrode post 14 is connected to a positive electrode of a power supply by a wire, and a negative electrode of the strong magnetic switch wire 15-3 is connected to a negative electrode of the power supply. A portion of the switch mounting hollow shaft 15-2 passing through the hull 1 is sealed with a sealing ring to ensure that the switch mounting hollow shaft 15-2 can move up and down without allowing water to enter the cabin.
The operation process and principle of the vehicle moving across the water-air interface according to the present invention are as follows.
An attitude of the vehicle during normal navigation on the sea surface is as shown in FIG. 15; when the vehicle encounters strong wind and waves or an emergency and requires underwater navigation, the control system issues an instruction, the first telescopic oil sac 9 is filled with oil under the instruction of the control system and continuously expands, thus the reefing spring 7 is stretched; at this time, upward expansion of the first telescopic oil sac 9 drive the reefing console 8 to move upward with a force greater than a contraction force of the reefing spring 7, thus driving the reefing console 8 to move upward, and further driving the retractable lever 6 to rotate around the fulcrum. As the retractable lever 6 can expand and contract at both sides, the retractable lever 6 can automatically adjust length during rotation, thus driving the second sliding block 509 to move downward along the slide rail 507. As the connecting plate 508, the first rotating shaft fixing plate 502 and the second rotating shaft fixing plate 503 are fixedly connected with the second sliding block 509, the connecting plate 508, the first rotating shaft fixing plate 502 and the second rotating shaft fixing plate 503 also move downward, thus the first connecting shaft 510 drives the first sliding block 504 to move downward along a preset chute opening of the arc-shaped chute 506, thus driving the sail fixing base 501 to rotate by 90 degrees when moving downward, so that the transformable sail 3 changes from a vertical position as shown in FIG. 15 to a horizontal position as shown in FIG. 16.
At this time, the switch fastening nut 4-3 of the self-locking control switch 4 just comes into contact with the reefing console 8, and the shaft engagement groove 4-1 of the self-locking control switch 4 coincides with and is butted with the shaft engagement post 303-1 of the self-locking control shaft 303, without any displacement change during the above process. At this time, the first telescopic oil sac 9 continues to be filled with oil and continuously expands under the instruction of the control system, and since the transformable sail 3 has come into contact with the deck 2 after the transformable sail 3 changed from the vertical position as shown in FIG. 15 to the horizontal position as shown in FIG. 16, and the reefing spring 7 will not be stretched any more, the reefing console 8 will not move upward, the first telescopic oil sac 9 can continue to expand a part upward through the oil sac missing hole 8-1 of the reefing console 8 to come into contact with the switch fastening nut 4-3 of the self-locking control switch 4 and move upward, thus driving the self-locking control shaft 303 to move upward, and further driving the self-locking limit plate 302 to move upward, so that a right limit block 301-1 of the right sailboard 301 and a left limit block 306-1 of the left sailboard 306 are no longer stuck by the self-locking limit plate 302, and at this time, the first telescopic oil sac 9 stops filling oil under the instruction of the control system.
After the transformable sail 3 changes from the vertical position as shown in FIG. 15 to the horizontal position as shown in FIG. 16, the magnet end 310-1 of the sail transformation control shaft 310 touches the strong magnetic switch 15-1 of the sail transformation console 15, and causes the sail transformation console 15 to move downward by a small displacement, and the small displacement caused by the downward movement just causes the first positive electrode post 13 mounted on the sail transformation console 15 to enter the second positive electrode post 14, so that the strong magnetic switch 15-1 is powered up, so that the magnet end 310-1 of the sail transformation control shaft 310 and the strong magnetic switch 15-1 of the sail transformation console 15 are attracted together, thus the control system issues an instruction, the second telescopic oil sac 12 is filled with oil under the instruction of the control system and continues to expand, thus the deformation spring 17 is compressed; at this time, the downward gravity of the second telescopic oil sac 12 drives the sail transformation console 15 to move downward with a force greater than a restoring force of the deformation spring 17, thus driving the sail transformation console 15 to move downward, and further driving a transformation opening and closing mechanism composed of the two transformation connecting rods 312 to spread the right sailboard 301 and the left sailboard 306 to the level of the deck 2, exposing the undulating propulsion mechanism consisting of the undulating propulsion steering gear 307, the undulating fin ray 308 and the undulating fin 309, and realizing the transition from FIG. 16 to FIG. 17.
The above process occurs when the vehicle needs to dive underwater when encountering strong wind and waves or emergencies during normal navigation on the sea surface. After the undulating propulsion mechanism is exposed, the undulating propulsion steering gear 307 works under the instruction of the control system according to operating parameters of the undulating propulsion steering gears preset by the control system to generate an undulating propulsion force. The rudder 18 and the steering engine 19 provide steering force for the vehicle in various cases.
The operation of the vehicle moving across the air-water interface of the present invention from underwater movement to normal navigation on the sea surface is the reverse of the above process.
Patent Application
20250162699
