Patent Application
20250083627
This application relates to the field of vehicle technologies and specifically to a vehicle power distribution integration architecture, a vehicle management system, and a vehicle.
The existing vehicle low-voltage power distribution mainly adopts a technology of independent low-voltage lithium-ion batteries, a fuse box product is equipped for implementing level 1 power distribution for low-voltage loads, and then a battery management system is used for battery management of the low-voltage lithium-ion batteries.
However, in existing power supply architectures, the low-voltage power distribution system and the battery management system are arranged independently, and the fuse box in the low-voltage power distribution system typically adopts a conventional relay or fuse solution, which has problems such as large size, complex wiring, and high maintenance cost.
In view of the foregoing problems, this application provides a vehicle power distribution integration architecture, a vehicle management system, and a vehicle, so as to solve the problems of large size, complex wiring, and high maintenance cost caused by independent arrangement of the low-voltage power distribution system and battery management system in existing vehicle power supply architectures.
A first aspect of embodiments of this application provides a vehicle power distribution integration architecture. The vehicle power distribution integration architecture includes a low-voltage battery, a battery management module, and a low-voltage power distribution module; where
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the low-voltage power distribution module is provided with the low-voltage load access terminal for connecting to a low-voltage load, the power output of the low-voltage battery is configured by the low-voltage power distribution module, the battery management module is configured to manage the low-voltage battery, and the battery management module and the low-voltage power distribution module share the same controller. The controller is integrated with a function of managing the low-voltage battery and a function of controlling power distribution of the low-voltage load, so that a battery management solution and a low-voltage power distribution control solution in the power electronics field are creatively integrated into one controller. Shared use of some components simplifies the control wiring and has characteristics such as low costs and simple structure.
In some embodiments, the vehicle power distribution integration architecture further includes:
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the low-voltage power source input terminal is configured for connecting to a low-voltage power source obtained through voltage conversion of a traction battery, and the low-voltage power distribution module allocates the low-voltage power source for the low-voltage load access terminal. For example, in the case of multiple low-voltage load access terminals, power can be allocated based on power demands of all low-voltage loads connected to the low-voltage load access terminals or based on operating states of the connected low-voltage loads, so as to dynamically adjust the output power of the low-voltage power source and protect the battery and the low-voltage loads.
In some embodiments, the battery management module includes a first switch module controlled by the controller; where
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the first switch module is controlled by the controller, and the controller controls the ON/OFF state of the first switch module to charge or discharge the low-voltage battery, so that the first switch module can also be used by the low-voltage power distribution module. This reduces the wiring harnesses between the low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module, thereby reducing safety hazards caused by short circuit of a wiring harness between different circuit boards.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module through the first switch module.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the first switch module is connected between the low-voltage battery and the low-voltage power distribution module, the low-voltage battery is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module through the first switch module, the first switch module is controlled by the controller, and the controller controls the ON/OFF states of the low-voltage battery and the low-voltage power distribution module by controlling the ON/OFF state of the first switch module. The first switch module controls the power distribution output of the low-voltage power distribution module, so that the first switch module can be shared by the low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module. This reduces the wiring harnesses between the low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module, thereby reducing safety hazards caused by short circuit of a wiring harness between different circuit boards.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution module further includes a second switch module controlled by the controller; where
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the second switch module is controlled by the controller, and can control the input state of the low-voltage power source input terminal, so as to control the power distribution output of the low-voltage power distribution module. For example, the low-voltage power source input terminal can be controlled to charge the low-voltage battery, or at least one of the low-voltage power source input terminal and the low-voltage battery can be controlled to supply power to the low-voltage load access terminal, so as to implement integrated control of the battery management module and the low-voltage power distribution module.
In some embodiments, the second switch module is connected between the low-voltage power source input terminal and the low-voltage load access terminal; and/or
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the second switch module is controlled by the controller, and can control the input state of the low-voltage power source input terminal, so as to control the power distribution output of the low-voltage power distribution module. For example, the low-voltage power source input terminal can be controlled to charge the low-voltage battery, or at least one of the low-voltage power source input terminal and the low-voltage battery can be controlled to supply power to the low-voltage load access terminal, so as to implement integrated control of the battery management module and the low-voltage power distribution module.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution module further includes a third switch module controlled by the controller; where
In some embodiments, the third switch module is connected between the second switch module and the first switch module.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the third switch module is controlled by the controller and connected between the second switch module and the first switch module. The controller can control the ON/OFF states of the first switch module, the second switch module, and the third switch module. The low-voltage power source input terminal can be controlled to charge the low-voltage battery, or at least one of the low-voltage power source input terminal and the low-voltage battery can be controlled to supply power to the low-voltage load access terminal, so that the direction of current between the low-voltage power source input terminal and the low-voltage battery can be controlled by the third switch module, implementing integrated control over the power output of the battery management module and the low-voltage power distribution module.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage load access terminal includes a first low-voltage load access terminal and a second low-voltage load access terminal; where
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the first low-voltage load access terminal and the second low-voltage load access terminal are connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the third switch module respectively. The controller can control the ON/OFF states of the first switch module, the second switch module, and the third switch module, so that the direction of current between the low-voltage power source input terminal and the low-voltage battery can be controlled by the third switch module, implementing integrated control over the power output of the battery management module and the low-voltage power distribution module.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution module further includes:
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, multiple first low-voltage load access terminals can be provided for connecting to multiple low-voltage loads, the fourth switch module is arranged between each of the first low-voltage load access terminals and the second switch module, and the fourth switch module controls the power-on state of a corresponding first low-voltage load access terminal. Multiple second low-voltage load access terminals are provided for connecting to multiple low-voltage loads, the fifth switch module is arranged between each of the second low-voltage load access terminals and the third switch module, and the fifth switch module controls the power-on state of a corresponding second low-voltage load access terminal.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module are integrated on one circuit board.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, since the battery management module and the low-voltage power distribution module share the same controller, the same controller is used for the battery management module and low-voltage power distribution. The controller and some of its peripheral driver components form the battery management module for managing a state of the low-voltage battery, and the controller and others of its peripheral driver components form the low-voltage power distribution module for controlling the power distribution of the low-voltage load connected to the low-voltage load access terminal. The low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module are integrated on the same circuit board, and the controller and its peripheral driver components that need to be controlled are integrated on the same circuit board. This helps simplify the wiring and reduce the failure probability of wiring harnesses.
In some embodiments, the vehicle power distribution integration architecture further includes a vehicle radiator plate; where the circuit board is provided on a first side of the vehicle radiator plate, the low-voltage battery is provided on a second side of the vehicle radiator plate, the second side of the vehicle radiator plate is opposite the first side of the vehicle radiator plate, and the vehicle radiator plate is configured to cool the circuit board and the low-voltage battery.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the low-voltage battery and the circuit board are arranged on two sides of the same vehicle radiator plate respectively. The low-voltage battery and the circuit board share one vehicle radiator plate, which can improve the cooling efficiency of the vehicle radiator plate and reduce the volume of the vehicle.
In some embodiments, the controller has at least two kernels.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the controller has at least two kernels, so multiple functions of the controller can be assigned to multiple kernels, improving the processing efficiency of the controller.
In some embodiments, at least one kernel of the controller is configured to process a sampling signal for obtaining sampling data, and at least one kernel of the controller is configured to generate control data based on the sampling data, and output a corresponding control signal based on the control data to control an operating state of the low-voltage battery and/or control distributed power of the low-voltage load.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the controller includes at least two kernels. One or some of the kernels can be configured to process the sampling signal for obtaining corresponding sampling data, and the other one or others of the kernels can be configured to process the sampling data, obtain control data based on a preset operation, generate a control signal based on the control data, output the control signal to a peripheral driver component, and control the operating state of the low-voltage battery by controlling the operating state of the driver component and/or control distributed power of the low-voltage load by controlling the operating state of the driver component.
In some embodiments, the vehicle power distribution integration architecture includes:
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the SBC power supply module is integrated in the battery management module. The SBC power supply module is configured to supply power to the controller, and a power source of the SBC power supply module may be the low-voltage battery.
In some embodiments, a power source input terminal of the SBC power supply module is connected to both the low-voltage battery and the low-voltage power source input terminal, and a power source output terminal of the SBC power supply module is connected to the controller.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the power source input terminal of the SBC power supply module can draw power from the low-voltage battery or the low-voltage power source input terminal, and the voltage input from the low-voltage battery or the low-voltage power source input terminal is converted into a power supply voltage of the controller, so that power is supplied to the controller. This avoids the problem that the controller requires an extra wiring harness for drawing power from an external power source.
In some embodiments, the vehicle power distribution integration architecture further includes:
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, multiple sampling nodes are provided on the low-voltage battery, the battery management module, and the low-voltage power distribution module, and voltages or currents of the sampling nodes are sampled to obtain sampling signals, and based on the received sampling signals, the controller determines whether the voltages or currents of the sampling nodes corresponding to the sampling signals satisfy the operating conditions of the current operating states, so as to control the operating state of the low-voltage battery and the operating state of the low-voltage power distribution module. In this way, the low-voltage battery and the low-voltage power distribution module can adjust their operating states in real time based on electrical parameters of the low-voltage battery, the battery management module, and the low-voltage power distribution module, reducing safety hazards caused by line faults.
In some embodiments, in a case that multiple low-voltage electric loads are connected to the low-voltage load access terminal, the controller controls multiple low-voltage load access terminals of the low-voltage power distribution module to be powered on in a time-sharing manner.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the multiple low-voltage load access terminals of the low-voltage power distribution module can be connected to the multiple low-voltage electric loads respectively. In a case that multiple low-voltage electric loads are connected, the controller controls multiple low-voltage load access terminals to be powered on in a time-sharing manner. This can increase the output current of the low-voltage power distribution module and avoid safety hazards caused by an excessively high output current due to simultaneous power-on of the multiple low-voltage load access terminals.
In some embodiments, the vehicle power distribution integration architecture further includes an AFE module connected to the low-voltage battery and the controller and configured to collect information of the low-voltage battery and exchange information with the controller; where the controller is connected to the AFE module through a non-multiplexed synchronous serial communication interface.
In the technical solution according to these embodiments of this application, the AFE module is connected to both the low-voltage battery and the controller. The AFE module can be used to collect the information of the low-voltage battery and exchange information with the controller. The controller is connected to the AFE module through a non-multiplexed synchronous serial communication interface, so that high-speed full-duplex communication can be established between the controller and the AFE module, and data pins of the controller execute data transmission of a specified type. For example, each communication module corresponds to one interactive function module, without being affected by other pins or modules.
A second aspect of embodiments of this application further provides a vehicle management system. The vehicle management system includes the vehicle power distribution integration architecture according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.
A third aspect of embodiments of this application further provides a vehicle. The vehicle includes the vehicle power distribution integration architecture according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.
The foregoing description is merely an overview of the technical solutions in this application. In order to better understand the technical means in this application, to achieve implementation according to content of the specification, and to make the foregoing and other objects, features, and advantages in this application more obvious and easy to understand, the following describes specific embodiments of this application.
In the technical solution according to some embodiments of this application, the vehicle power distribution integration architecture according to any one of the foregoing embodiments is integrated in a vehicle, so that the low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module can be integrated in one structural member, and the low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module use the same controller. This optimizes the electrical architecture of the vehicle management system, simplifies relevant components of the entire vehicle, and greatly reduces the cost of the entire vehicle.
Persons of ordinary skill in the art can clearly understand various other advantages and benefits by reading the detailed description of the preferred embodiments below. The accompanying drawings are merely intended to illustrate the purposes of the preferred embodiments, and should not be construed as a limitation on this application. In addition, in all the accompanying drawings, same parts are denoted by same reference signs. In the accompanying drawings:
The following describes in detail the embodiments of technical solutions of this application with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are merely intended for a clearer description of the technical solutions of this application and therefore are just used as examples which do not constitute any limitations on the protection scope of this application.
Unless otherwise defined, all technical and scientific terms used herein shall have the same meanings as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which this application belongs. The terms used herein are intended to merely describe the specific embodiments rather than to limit this application. The terms “include”, “comprise”, and “have” and any other variations thereof in the specification, claims and brief description of drawings of this application are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions.
In the description of some embodiments of this application, the terms “first”, “second” and the like are merely intended to distinguish between different objects, and shall not be understood as any indication or implication of relative importance or any implicit indication of the number, sequence or primary-secondary relationship of the technical features indicated. In the description of some embodiments of this application, “multiple” means at least two unless otherwise specifically stated.
In this specification, reference to “embodiment” means that specific features, structures or characteristics described with reference to the embodiment may be incorporated in at least one embodiment of this application. The word “second connecting port” appearing in various places in the specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, or an independent or alternative embodiment that is exclusive of other embodiments. It is explicitly or implicitly understood by persons skilled in the art that the embodiments described herein may be combined with other embodiments.
In the description of the embodiments of this application, the term “and/or” is only an associative relationship for describing associated objects, indicating that three relationships may be present. For example, A and/or B may indicate the following three cases: presence of only A, presence of both A and B, and presence of only B. In addition, a character “/” in this specification generally indicates an “or” relationship between contextually associated objects.
In the description of some embodiments of this application, the term “multiple frames” refers to more than two (including two).
In the description of some embodiments of this application, the orientations or positional relationships indicated by the technical terms “center”, “longitudinal”, “transverse”, “length”, “width”, “thickness”, “upper”, “lower”, “front”, “rear”, “left”, “right”, “vertical”, “horizontal”, “top”, “bottom”, “inside”, “outside”, “clockwise”, “counterclockwise”, “axial”, “radial”, “circumferential”, and the like are based on the orientations or positional relationships as shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are merely for ease and brevity of description of the embodiments of this application rather than indicating or implying that the means or components mentioned must have specific orientations or must be constructed or manipulated according to specific orientations, and therefore shall not be construed as any limitations on embodiments of this application.
In related technologies, vehicle low-voltage power distribution mainly adopts a technology of separate low-voltage lithium-ion batteries. For example, fuse boxes are configured based on the lithium-ion batteries to implement level 1 power distribution for low-voltage loads in the vehicle, and the fuse boxes generally use components such as relays and fuses as driver components and protection components. However, for existing entire-vehicle power supply, regional controllers are generally used to control respective functional modules of the entire vehicle. Therefore, each functional module needs an independent controller for processing data and controlling components in the functional module. Similarly, each functional module further needs an independent SBC module for supplying power to the controller and an independent AFE module for establishing communication between the control module and a host computer. The related control architecture not only requires a large number of wiring harnesses, but also has problems of large size and maintenance inconvenience.
To solve the foregoing technical problems, an embodiment of this application provides a vehicle power distribution integration architecture. The vehicle power distribution integration architecture includes a low-voltage battery 300, a battery management module 100, and a low-voltage power distribution module 200. The low-voltage battery 300 is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module 200, and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 is provided with a low-voltage load access terminal 210 for connecting to a low-voltage load. The battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 share one controller 120, where the controller 120 is integrated with a function of managing the low-voltage battery 300 and a function of controlling power distribution of the low-voltage load.
In this embodiment, the low-voltage power distribution module 200 is provided with the low-voltage load access terminal 210 for connecting to the low-voltage load, the low-voltage power distribution module 200 is connected to the low-voltage battery 300, the power output of the low-voltage battery 300 is configured by the low-voltage power distribution module 200, the battery management module 100 is configured to manage the low-voltage battery 300, and the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 share the same controller 120. In this case, the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 include the same controller 120. The controller 120 is integrated with the function of managing the low-voltage battery 300 and the function of controlling power distribution of the low-voltage load, so that control modules in a battery management solution and a low-voltage power distribution solution in the power electronics field are creatively integrated into one controller 120. In addition, shared use of some components simplifies the control wiring and therefore the circuit design, commissioning, and installation of the entire vehicle are simplified accordingly. Compared with a case that the battery management solution and low-voltage power distribution solution are arranged independently, this architecture has the characteristics such as low costs, simple structure, and lower failure rate.
In some specific application embodiments, in the vehicle low-voltage power distribution system, the controller 120 and some power components form the battery management module 100, and the controller 120 and other power components form the low-voltage power distribution module 200, thereby integrating the low-voltage power distribution systems of the entire vehicle. In this way, the vehicle low-voltage power distribution system can be controlled and managed by using one controller 120, optimizing energy management of the entire low-voltage power distribution system and improving the electric energy utilization efficiency and power supply stability of the low-voltage power distribution system of the entire vehicle.
In some specific application embodiments, because the controller 120 and some power components form the battery management module 100, and the controller 120 and other power components form the low-voltage power distribution module 200, a large fuse box is not required and the battery management module 100, the low-voltage power distribution module 200, and the low-voltage battery 300 can be further integrated into a low-voltage battery assembly. This not only reduces the volume of the vehicle low-voltage power distribution system, but also shortens the wiring distance between the low-voltage battery 300 and the battery management module 100 and the wiring distance between the low-voltage battery 300 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200, thereby reducing the probability of power supply failure and communication wiring failure in the vehicle low-voltage power distribution system.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 is configured for connecting to the low-voltage power source obtained through voltage conversion of the traction battery, and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 allocates the low-voltage power source for the low-voltage load access terminal 210. For example, in the case of multiple low-voltage load access terminals 210, power can be allocated based on power demands of all low-voltage loads connected to the low-voltage load access terminals 210 or based on operating states of the connected low-voltage loads, so as to dynamically adjust the output power of the low-voltage power source and protect the battery and the low-voltage loads.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, the first switch module 101 is controlled by the controller 120, and the controller 120 controls the ON/OFF state of the first switch module 101 to charge or discharge the low-voltage battery 300, so that the low-voltage power distribution module 200 can use the first switch module 101 as its power distribution management unit. In this way, no power distribution management component needs to be provided in the low-voltage power distribution module 200. In addition, wiring harnesses between the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the battery management module 100 are reduced, thereby reducing safety hazards caused by short circuit of a wiring harness between different circuit boards.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 300 is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module 200 through the first switch module 101.
In these embodiments, the first switch module 101 is connected between the low-voltage battery 300 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200, the low-voltage battery 300 is electrically connected to the low-voltage power distribution module 200 through the first switch module 101, the first switch module 101 is controlled by the controller 120, and the controller 120 controls the ON/OFF states of the low-voltage battery 300 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 by controlling the ON/OFF state of the first switch module 101. The first switch module 101 controls the power distribution output of the low-voltage power distribution module 200, so that the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the battery management module 100 can share the first switch module 101. This reduces the wiring harnesses between the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the battery management module 100, thereby reducing safety hazards caused by short circuit of a wiring harness between different circuit boards.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, the second switch module 202 is controlled by the controller 120, and can control an input state of the low-voltage load access terminal 210, so as to control the power distribution output of the low-voltage power distribution module 200. For example, the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 can be controlled to charge the low-voltage battery 300, or at least one of the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 and the low-voltage battery 300 can be controlled to supply power to the low-voltage load access terminal 210, so as to implement integrated control of the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200.
In some embodiments, the second switch module 202 is connected between the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 and the low-voltage load access terminal 210.
In some embodiments, the second switch module 202 is connected between the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 and the battery management module 100.
In these embodiments, the second switch module 202 is controlled by the controller 120, and can control the input state of the low-voltage power source input terminal 400, so as to control the power distribution output of the low-voltage power distribution module 200. For example, the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 can be controlled to charge the low-voltage battery 300, or at least one of the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 and the low-voltage battery 300 can be controlled to supply power to the low-voltage load access terminal 210, so as to implement integrated control of the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In some embodiments, the third switch module 203 is connected between the second switch module 202 and the first switch module 101.
In these embodiments, the third switch module 203 is controlled by the controller 120 and connected between the second switch module 202 and the first switch module 101. The controller 120 can control the ON/OFF states of the first switch module 101, the second switch module 202, and the third switch module 203. The low-voltage power source input terminal 400 can be controlled to charge the low-voltage battery 300, or at least one of the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 and the low-voltage battery 300 can be controlled to supply power to the low-voltage load access terminal 210, so that the direction of current between the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 and the low-voltage battery 300 can be controlled by the third switch module 203, implementing integrated control over the power output of the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, the first low-voltage load access terminal 211 and the second low-voltage load access terminal 212 are connected to the first terminal and the second terminal of the third switch module 203 respectively. The controller 120 can control the ON/OFF states of the first switch module 101, the second switch module 202, and the third switch module 203, so that the direction of current between the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 and the low-voltage battery 300 can be controlled by the third switch module 203, implementing integrated control over the power output of the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, the first low-voltage load access terminal 211 is connected to the first terminal of the third switch module 203 through the fourth switch module 204, and the second low-voltage load access terminal 212 is connected to the second terminal of the third switch module 203 through the fifth switch module 205. The fourth switch module 204 controls the power-on state of the corresponding first low-voltage load access terminal 211, and the fifth switch module 205 controls the power-on state of the corresponding second low-voltage load access terminal 212, thereby implementing independent control and management of each low-voltage load.
In some embodiments, the fourth switch module 204 and the fifth switch module 205 are both MOS components.
In some embodiments, the first low-voltage load access terminal 211 and the fourth switch module 204 are provided in plurality, and the first low-voltage load access terminals 211 and the fourth switch modules 204 are arranged on a one-to-one basis. The second low-voltage load access terminal 212 and the fifth switch module 205 are provided in plurality, and the second low-voltage load access terminals 212 and the fifth switch modules 205 are arranged on a one-to-one basis.
In these embodiments, multiple first low-voltage load access terminals 211 can be provided for connecting to multiple low-voltage loads, the fourth switch module 204 is arranged between each of the first low-voltage load access terminals 211 and the second switch module 202, and the fourth switch module 204 controls the power-on state of the corresponding first low-voltage load access terminal 211. Multiple second low-voltage load access terminals 212 are provided for connecting to multiple low-voltage loads, the fifth switch module 205 is arranged between each of the second low-voltage load access terminals 212 and the third switch module 203, and the fifth switch module 205 controls the power-on state of the corresponding second low-voltage load access terminal 212, thereby implementing independent control and management of each low-voltage load.
In an embodiment, as shown in
In an embodiment, as shown in
In a case that the first switch module 101 is in a second ON condition, the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 charges the low-voltage battery 300 through the first switch module 101.
In a case that the first switch module 101 is in an OFF condition, the low-voltage battery 300 is disconnected from the third switch module 203 and the fifth switch module 205.
In some embodiments, the first switch tube Q1 may be a MOS component.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In an embodiment, the first low-voltage load access terminal 211 can be connected to a high-power low-voltage load. Because the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 are integrated on one circuit board 123, when the controller 120 detects that the output power of the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 cannot reach the power required by the first low-voltage load access terminal 211, the first switch module 101 and the third switch module 203 can be controlled to be in the first ON condition, so that the low-voltage battery 300 performs power compensation on the high-power low-voltage load connected to the first low-voltage load access terminal 211, avoiding the problem of unstable power supply caused by excessive power of the low-voltage load connected.
In some embodiments, the third switch tube Q3 may be a MOS component.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In some embodiments, the second switch tube Q2 may be a MOS component.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In some embodiments, as shown in
In some embodiments, the switch components Q1p, . . . , Qnp, Q1s, . . . , and Qns are all MOS components.
In some embodiments, the first switch tube Q1, the second switch tube Q2, the third switch tube Q3, the switch component Q1s, . . . , and the switch component Qns are all MOS components, and the first switch tube Q1, the second switch tube Q2, the third switch tube Q3, the switch component Q1s, . . . , the switch component Qns, and the controller 120 are integrated on the same circuit board. This reduces the communication harnesses between an independent low-voltage power distribution system and an independent thermal management system, and an independent controller and related SBC power supply chip are not required, reducing the quantity of chips used and reducing the probability of power supply failure and communication wiring failure in the vehicle low-voltage power distribution system.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, since the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 share the same controller 120, the same controller 120 is used for the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200. The controller 120 and some of its peripheral driver components form the battery management module 100 for managing a state of the low-voltage battery, and the controller 120 and others of its peripheral driver components form the low-voltage power distribution module 200 for controlling the power distribution of the low-voltage load connected to the low-voltage load access terminal 210. The low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the battery management module 100 are integrated on the same circuit board 123, and the controller 120 and its peripheral driver components that need to be controlled are integrated on the same circuit board. This avoids the problem that a large number of wiring harnesses are required to connect circuit boards when the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 are arranged independently. A simplified wiring reduces the probability of wiring failure.
In some embodiments, external pins and peripheral driver components of the controller 120 can form the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the battery management module 100, and the external pins can also be expanded. For example, external expanded pins are welded and connected to an extended line of the circuit board 123 through multiple pads to implement function customization and shared use of the external expanded pins of the controller 120, thereby achieving the purpose of customizing functions of the vehicle.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, the low-voltage battery 300 and the circuit board 123 are arranged on two sides of the same vehicle radiator plate 310 respectively. The low-voltage battery 300 and the circuit board 123 share the same vehicle radiator plate 310, which can improve the cooling efficiency of the vehicle radiator plate 310 and reduce the volume of the vehicle.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In some embodiments, the vehicle radiator plate 310 may be a liquid cooling plate. The liquid cooling plate is arranged between the circuit board 123 and the low-voltage battery 300, so that after a vehicle is started, the heat generated by the low-voltage battery 300 and the circuit board 123 is absorbed by the liquid cooling plate. In this way, the space utilization efficiency inside the vehicle is improved and the size and volume of the vehicle management system are reduced.
In some embodiments, the controller 120 has at least two kernels.
In these embodiments, the controller 120 has at least two kernels, so multiple functions of the controller 120 can be assigned to multiple kernels, improving the processing efficiency of the controller 120.
In some embodiments, at least one kernel of the controller 120 is configured to process a sampling signal for obtaining sampling data, and at least one kernel of the controller 120 is configured to generate control data based on the sampling data, and output a corresponding control signal based on the control data to control an operating state of the low-voltage battery 300.
In these embodiments, the controller 120 includes at least two kernels. One or some of the kernels can be configured to process the sampling signal for obtaining corresponding sampling data, and the other one or others of the kernels can be configured to process the sampling data, obtain control data based on a preset operation, generate a control signal based on the control data, output the control signal to a peripheral driver component, and control the operating state of the low-voltage battery 300 by controlling the operating state of the driver component.
In some embodiments, at least one kernel of the controller 120 is configured to process a sampling signal for obtaining sampling data, and at least one kernel of the controller 120 is configured to generate control data based on the sampling data, and output a corresponding control signal based on the control data to control the distributed power of a low-voltage load.
In these embodiments, the controller 120 includes at least two kernels. One or some of the kernels can be configured to process the sampling signal for obtaining corresponding sampling data, and the other one or others of the kernels can be configured to process the sampling data, obtain control data based on a preset operation, generate a control signal based on the control data, output the control signal to a peripheral driver component, and control the distributed power of the low-voltage load by controlling the operating state of the driver component.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, the SBC power supply module 510 in the vehicle power distribution integration architecture may be integrated in the battery management module 100 or the low-voltage power distribution module 200, and the power source of the SBC power supply module 510 may be the low-voltage battery 300. The SBC power supply module 510 is shared by the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200, which can reduce the number of chips required by the vehicle power distribution integration architecture, reduce wiring harnesses in the vehicle power distribution integration architecture, and improve the stability of lines.
In some embodiments, a power source input terminal of the SBC power supply module 510 is connected to both the low-voltage battery 300 and the low-voltage power source input terminal 400, and a power source output terminal of the SBC power supply module 510 is connected to the controller 120.
In these embodiments, the power source input terminal of the SBC power supply module 510 can draw power from the low-voltage battery 300 or the low-voltage power source input terminal 400, and the voltage input from the low-voltage battery 300 or the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 is converted into a power supply voltage of the controller 120, so that power is supplied to the controller 120. This avoids the problem that the controller 120 requires an extra wiring harness for drawing power from an external power source.
In some embodiments, the power source input terminal of the SBC power supply module 510 may be connected to the low-voltage battery 300 and the low-voltage power source input terminal 400, one anti-backfill circuit is arranged between the power source input terminal of the SBC power supply module 510 and the low-voltage battery 300, and one anti-backfill circuit is arranged between the power source input terminal of the SBC power supply module 510 and the low-voltage power source input terminal 400. This can prevent current from back flowing when the low-voltage battery 300 and the low-voltage power source input terminal 400 output current, improving the safety of power supply circuits.
A system base chip (System Base Chip, SBC) supplies the operating voltage for the controller 120 and its peripheral components. The peripheral components of the controller cannot operate without power supply from the SBC. In these embodiments, the controller 120 and some power components form the battery management module 100, and the controller 120 and other power components form the low-voltage power distribution module 200. The controller 120 is integrated with the functions of managing the low-voltage battery 300 and controlling power distribution of the low-voltage load. Therefore, the SBC power supply module 510 outputs multiple voltages based on the input power source, and can supply power to the controller 120 and its peripheral power components. Only one SBC chip is required to supply power to the components of the low-voltage power distribution system of the entire vehicle. This not only reduces the number of SBC chips required, but also optimizes the power management solution of the low-voltage power distribution system to reduce the problems of unstable performance caused by inconsistent power supply voltages in the independent SBC solution, thereby improving the operation consistency between the power components and chips in the low-voltage power distribution system. For example, the SBC power supply module 510 can output an independent 3.3 V power source to the controller 120, an independent 3.3 V power source to an analog chip on the circuit board 123, and an independent 5 V power source to a communication chip on the circuit board 123. The SBC power supply module 510 has consistent power sources, improving the consistency of its output voltages.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, sampling nodes are provided on the low-voltage battery 300, the battery management module 100, and the low-voltage power distribution module 200, and voltages of the sampling nodes are sampled to obtain sampling signals. The controller 120 determines, based on the received sampling signals, whether the voltages of the sampling nodes corresponding to the sampling signals satisfy the operating conditions of the current operating states, and thereby controls the operating state of the low-voltage battery 300, so that the low-voltage battery 300 can adjust the operating state of the low-voltage battery 300 in real time based on electrical parameters of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the low-voltage battery 300, reducing safety hazards caused by line faults.
In some embodiments, the sampling module 520 is configured to perform current sampling on sampling nodes of the low-voltage battery 300, battery management module 100, and low-voltage power distribution module 200 and generate sampling signals. The controller 120 is further configured to control an operating state of the low-voltage battery 300 based on the sampling signals.
In these embodiments, multiple sampling nodes are provided on the low-voltage battery 300, the battery management module 100, and the low-voltage power distribution module 200, and currents of the sampling nodes are sampled to obtain sampling signals. The controller 120 determines, based on the received sampling signals, whether the currents of the sampling nodes corresponding to the sampling signals satisfy the operating conditions of the current operating states, and thereby controls the operating state of the low-voltage battery 300, so that the low-voltage battery 300 can adjust its operating state in real time based on electrical parameters of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the low-voltage battery 300, reducing safety hazards caused by line faults.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the battery management module 100 are integrated on the same circuit board 123, and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the battery management module 100 are connected. In this way, sampling needs to be performed only on a common node of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the battery management module 100 to sample their output currents. As a result, at least one current sampling chip can be saved.
In some embodiments, the sampling module 520 is configured to perform current sampling and voltage sampling on sampling nodes of the low-voltage battery 300, battery management module 100, and low-voltage power distribution module 200 and generate sampling signals. The controller 120 is further configured to control an operating state of the low-voltage battery 300 based on the sampling signals.
In these embodiments, multiple sampling nodes are provided on the low-voltage battery 300, the battery management module 100, and the low-voltage power distribution module 200, and voltages or currents of the sampling nodes are sampled to obtain sampling signals. The controller 120 determines, based on the received sampling signals, whether the voltages or currents of the sampling nodes corresponding to the sampling signals satisfy the operating conditions of the current operating states, and thereby controls the operating state of the low-voltage battery 300, so that the low-voltage battery 300 can adjust its operating state in real time based on electrical parameters of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the low-voltage battery 300, reducing safety hazards caused by line faults or failure of the low-voltage battery 300.
In some embodiments, the sampling module 520 can also sample temperatures of multiple sampling nodes provided on the low-voltage battery 300, the battery management module 100, and the low-voltage power distribution module 200 to obtain corresponding sampling signals. The controller 120 determines, based on the received sampling signals, whether the temperatures of the sampling nodes corresponding to the sampling signals satisfy the operating conditions of the current operating states, and thereby controls the operating state of the low-voltage battery 300, so that the low-voltage battery can adjust its operating state in real time based on electrical parameters of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the low-voltage battery 300, reducing safety hazards caused by line faults.
In some embodiments, the controller 120 includes at least two kernels. After the same controller 120 is shared by the battery management module 100 and the low-voltage power distribution module 200, data collected by the sampling module 520 can be directly output to the controller 120 for centralized processing. This does not require an upper-level processor to deliver packets through a CAN bus and eliminates external influences, reducing the problem of information loss caused by packet failure.
In some embodiments, the controller 120 is further configured to control the operating state of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 based on the sampling signals.
In these embodiments, multiple sampling nodes are provided on the low-voltage battery 300, the battery management module 100, and the low-voltage power distribution module 200, and voltages or currents of the sampling nodes are sampled to obtain sampling signals. The controller 120 determines, based on the received sampling signals, whether the voltages or currents of the sampling nodes corresponding to the sampling signals satisfy the operating conditions of the current operating states, and thereby controls the operating state of the low-voltage battery 300, so that the low-voltage battery 300 can adjust the operating state of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 in real time based on electrical parameters of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and the low-voltage battery 300, reducing safety hazards caused by line faults or failure of the low-voltage battery 300.
In some embodiments, in a case that multiple low-voltage electric loads are connected to the low-voltage load access terminal 210, the controller 120 controls multiple low-voltage load access terminals 210 of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 to be powered on in a time-sharing manner.
In these embodiments, the multiple low-voltage load access terminals of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 can be connected to the multiple low-voltage electric loads respectively. In a case that multiple low-voltage electric loads are connected, the controller 120 controls multiple low-voltage load access terminals to be powered on in a time-sharing manner. This can increase the output current of the low-voltage power distribution module 200 and avoid safety hazards caused by an excessively high output current due to simultaneous power-on of the multiple low-voltage load access terminals 210.
In some embodiments, as shown in
In these embodiments, the AFE module 530 is connected to both the low-voltage battery 300 and the controller 120, and the AFE module 530 can be configured to collect information of the low-voltage battery 300 and exchange information with the controller 120.
In some embodiments, the controller 120 is connected to the AFE module 530 through a non-multiplexed synchronous serial communication interface.
In these embodiments, the controller 120 is connected to the AFE module 530 through the non-multiplexed synchronous serial communication interface, so that high-speed full-duplex communication can be established between the controller 120 and the AFE module 530, and data pins of the controller 120 execute data transmission of a specified type. For example, each communication module corresponds to one interactive function module, without being affected by other pins or modules.
In some embodiments, an output voltage of the low-voltage battery 300 ranges from 12 V to 72 V.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 300 includes a 12-volt lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or another rechargeable battery.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 300 includes a 24-volt lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or another rechargeable battery.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 300 includes a 48-volt lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or another rechargeable battery.
In some embodiments, the low-voltage battery 300 includes a 72-volt lithium-ion battery or sodium-ion battery, or another rechargeable battery.
In these embodiments, the vehicle power distribution integration architecture according these embodiments of this application can be applied to oil-fueled vehicles and new energy vehicles, where the output voltage of the low-voltage battery in the vehicle does not exceed 72 V.
An embodiment of this application further provides a vehicle management system, and the vehicle management system includes the vehicle power distribution integration architecture according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.
The vehicle management system in this embodiment can be applied to low-voltage batteries provided in oil-fueled vehicles and new energy vehicles, which are not limited to the field of passenger vehicles or commercial vehicles.
An embodiment of this application further provides a vehicle, and the vehicle includes the vehicle power distribution integration architecture according to any one of the foregoing embodiments.
In this embodiment, the vehicle power distribution integration architecture according to any one of the foregoing embodiments is integrated in a vehicle. In this way, the low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module can be integrated in one structural member, and the low-voltage power distribution module and the battery management module share the same controller. This optimizes the electrical architecture of the vehicle management system, simplifies relevant components of the entire vehicle, and greatly reduces the cost of the entire vehicle.
Persons skilled in the art can clearly realize that, for ease and brevity of description, only division into the foregoing functional units or modules is used as an example for description. In actual application, the foregoing functions may be allocated, based on needs, to different functional units or modules for implementation. That is, an internal structure of the apparatus is divided into different functional units or modules to implement all or some of the functions described above. Functional units or modules in the embodiments of this application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. In addition, the specific names of functional units and modules are merely intended for distinguishing each other rather than limiting the protection scope of this application. The specific operation processes of the units or modules in the foregoing system can be learned with reference to the corresponding processes in the foregoing method embodiments, and will not be described herein again.
In the foregoing embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own emphasis. Content that is not described in detail or recorded in an embodiment can be learned with reference to relevant descriptions of other embodiments.
In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed device and method may be implemented in other manners. For example, the electronic device embodiments described above are merely examples. For example, division into modules or units is merely a logical function division, and another division manner may be used during actual implementation. For another example, multiple units or components may be combined, or may be integrated into another system, or some features may be ignored or not performed. In addition, the displayed or discussed mutual couplings or direct couplings or communications connections may be implemented by using some interfaces. The indirect couplings or communications connections between apparatuses or units may be implemented in electrical, mechanical, or other forms.
Units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate. A component displayed as a unit may be one or more physical units, and may be located in one place, or may be distributed in multiple places. Some or all of the units may be selected based on actual requirements to achieve the objectives of the solutions of the embodiments.
In addition, functional units in the embodiments of this application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each of the units may exist alone physically, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit. The integrated unit may be implemented in a form of hardware, or may be implemented in a form of a software function unit.
The foregoing embodiments are merely intended for describing the technical solutions of this application, but not for limiting this application. Although this application is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, persons of ordinary skill in the art should understand that they may still make modifications to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent replacements to some technical features thereof, without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application but falling within the protection scope of this application.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 202311162274.6 | Sep 2023 | CN | national |
This application is a continuation of International Application No. PCT/CN2024/091023, filed on Apr. 30, 2024, which claims priority to Chinese Patent Application No. 202311162274.6, filed on Sep. 8, 2023 and entitled “VEHICLE POWER DISTRIBUTION INTEGRATION ARCHITECTURE, VEHICLE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM, AND VEHICLE”, which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | PCT/CN2024/091023 | Apr 2024 | WO |
| Child | 18748098 | US |
