Patent Grant
11545752
A large and growing population of users is enjoying entertainment through the consumption of digital media items, such as music, movies, images, electronic books, and so on. The users employ various electronic devices to consume such media items. Among these electronic devices (referred to herein as endpoint devices, user devices, clients, client devices, or user equipment) are electronic book readers, cellular telephones, Personal Digital Assistants (PDAs), portable media players, tablet computers, netbooks, laptops, and the like. These electronic devices wirelessly communicate with a communications infrastructure to enable the consumption of the digital media items. In order to communicate with other devices wirelessly, these electronic devices include one or more antennas.
The present inventions will be understood more fully from the detailed description given below and from the accompanying drawings of various embodiments of the present invention, which, however, should not be taken to limit the present invention to the specific embodiments, but are for explanation and understanding only.
Technologies directed to vertical coupling structures for antenna feeds of phased array antennas are described. Conventionally, wireless device that have phased array antennas require complex printed circuit boards (PCBs). The PCB includes many layers and are manufactured using at least five lamination cycles to accommodate routing lines for antenna feeds for all of the elements of the phased array antenna. In particular, a key driver for PCB complexity is the needs to have vias interconnecting different combinations of layers to connect antenna elements and RF distribution layers. In addition to requiring five or more lamination cycles, the PCB can include serval permutations of interconnects between layers as well. The complexity of the PCB designs can increase the costs of the PCB and the overall cost of the device containing a circuit board for the phased array antenna.
Aspects of the present disclosure overcome the deficiencies of conventional wireless device by providing vertical coupling structures that electromagnetically couple RF signals between layers. Aspects of the present disclosure can simplify the manufacturing process and reduce the cost of manufacturing as compared to conventional PCBs. Aspects of the present disclosure can provide a circuit board with one or more antenna layers that are not directly connected to the rest of the layers of the circuit board. The vertical coupling structures can electromagnetically couple a group of one or more layers to another group of one or more layers as described herein. One circuit board includes a first conductive layer with a first portion of a RF coupling structure, a second conductive layer with a second portion of the RF coupling structure, and a first insulation layer located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The RF coupling structure is configured to electromagnetically couple a first conductive trace on the first conductive layer and a second conductive trace on the second conductive layer at RF frequencies. There is no conducted connection, such as with vias, between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer. The circuit board also includes a third conductive layer with a first antenna element and a second insulation layer located between the third conductive layer and the first conductive layer, the second insulation layer including a first via through which the first antenna element is coupled to the first conductive trace. An antenna element is an antenna element that is coupled to a signal source, such as a radio or a microwave source. It should be noted that although described above as a single feed per element, in other embodiments, each feed can be a multi-point feed, such as dual-point feed, a quad-point feed, or the like.
Additional aspects of the present disclosure overcome the deficiencies of conventional wireless device by providing an RF shielding structure. The RF shielding structure can be an electromagnetically coupled shielded structure. At RF frequencies, two sections (also referred to herein as sub-stacks) (antenna section to RF and digital section) are electromagnetically connected. The RF circuits typically have fences of grounding vias to prevent parasitic coupling, i.e., shield one circuit from another. The electromagnetically coupled PCB sections cannot have grounding vias directly connecting the layers. Thus, the aspects of the present disclosure provide a RF shielding structure with a set of partial vias and pads that each act as a series capacitor for grounding. The series capacitor can be designed to look like a short circuit at RF frequencies. The RF shielding structure completes the grounding via connection, enabling RF shielding between electromagnetically coupled PCB layers at RF frequencies. One circuit board includes: a first layer including a first portion of a RF coupling structure; a second layer including a second portion of the RF coupling structure; a first insulation layer located between the first layer and the second layer; a third layer including a first antenna element; a second insulation layer located between the third layer and the first layer; and an RF shielding structure coupled to a ground connection on the second layer and located in the first insulation layer. The RF coupling structure is configured to electromagnetically couple a first conductive trace on the first layer and a second conductive trace on the second layer at RF frequencies. The RF shielding structure is configured to operate as a RF short circuit between the ground connection and a third conductive trace on the first layer at RF frequencies.
In a further embodiment, as illustrated in
In one example, a first antenna element in the third layer 108 is coupled to a first conductive trace in the first layer 102 through a first via in the second insulation layer. The first conductive trace is electromagnetically coupled to a second conductive trace in the second layer 104 via the RF coupling structure 101. That is, the first conductive trace is coupled to the first portion 112 of the RF coupling structure 101 that is electromagnetically coupled to the second portion 114 of the RF coupling structure 101, the second portion 114 being coupled to the second conductive trace in the second layer 104. The second conductive trace in the second layer 104 is coupled to a third conductive trace in the fourth layer 120 through one of the second set of vias 124 in the third insulation layer 122. The third conductive trace in the fourth layer 120 is coupled to a terminal of a RF component disposed on a surface of the PCB 100.
In another example, a second antenna element in the third layer 108 is coupled to a fourth conductive trace in the first layer 102 through a third via in the second insulation layer. The fourth conductive trace is electromagnetically coupled to a fifth conductive trace in the second layer 104 via a second RF coupling structure. That is, the fourth conductive trace is coupled to a first portion of the second RF coupling structure that is electromagnetically coupled to a second portion of the second RF coupling structure, the second portion being coupled to the fifth conductive trace in the second conductive layer 104. The fifth conductive trace in the second layer 104 is coupled to a sixth conductive trace in the fourth layer 120 through a fourth via in the third insulation layer 122. The fifth conductive trace in the fourth layer 120 is coupled to a terminal of a RF component disposed on a surface of the PCB 100.
In a further embodiment, the PCB 100 includes two sub-stacks. The first layer 102, the third layer 108, and the second insulation layer 110 are part of a first sub-stack that is laminated together in a first lamination cycle. The second layer 104, the fourth layer 120, and the third insulation layer 122 are part of a second sub-stack that is laminated together in a second lamination cycle. The first sub-stack and the second sub-stack are laminated together in a third lamination cycle after the first lamination cycle and after the second lamination cycle. In another embodiment, the first layer 102, the third layer 108, and the second insulation layer 110 are part of a first sub-stack. The second layer 104 is part of a second sub-stack. The second sub-stack can further includes one or more additional conductive layers, one or more additional insulation layers, and one or more sets of vias, each set of vias connecting at least two of the additional conductive layers through one or more of the additional insulation layers.
In a further embodiment, the first sub-stack includes five conductive layers, a first solder mask, and four insulation layers, the second sub-stack includes five conductive layers, a second solder mask, and four insulation layers, a first set of through-hole vi as that pass through the five conductive layers and the four insulation layers of the second sub-stack. Similarly, the first sub-stack can include a single set of through-hole vias that pass through the five conductive layers and the four insulation layers of the first sub-stack. In another embodiment, the second sub-stack can include one or more additional conductive layers and one or more additional insulation layers. A second set of through-hole vias pass through the second layer, the five conductive layers, the additional conductive layers, and the insulation layers. In further embodiments, a set of microvias that pass through two of the conductive layers are possible. Additional details of circuit boards with multiple sets of vias and microvias are described below with respect to
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
In one embodiment, the Nth conductive layer 208 includes multiple antenna elements of a phased array antenna. The Nth conductive layer 208 is located on a first side of the PCB 200. The one or more processors 228 and the one or more RF components 226 are located on a second side of the PCB 200. The first conductive layer 202 includes a first set of conductive traces and a first set of vias, each coupling one of the antenna elements to one of the first set of conductive traces through the second insulation layer 232. The second conductive layer 204 includes a second set of conductive traces. A set of one or more vertical coupling structures (e.g., 201) are located in the first insulation layer 206. Each of the vertical coupling structures includes i) a first portion 212 located in the first conductive layer 202 and is coupled to one of the first set of conductive traces and ii) a second portion 214 located in the second conductive layer 204 and is coupled to one of the second set of conductive traces. Each via of a second set of vias is couples one of the second set of conductive traces to at least one of the processors 228 or the RF components 226. The RF components 226 can be RF components of RF front-end (RFFE) circuitry of one or more radios coupled to the antenna elements of the phased array antenna. An antenna element is an antenna element that is coupled to a signal source, such as a radio or a microwave source. It should be noted that although described above as a single feed per element, in other embodiments, each feed can be a multi-point feed, such as dual-point feed, a quad-point feed, or the like.
In one embodiment, the PCB 200 includes antenna elements of multiple phased array antennas, such as a first phased array antenna and a second phased array antenna. The first phased array antenna can be configured to operate at a first frequency range (e.g., 30 GHz frequency band) and the second phased array antenna is configured to operate at a second frequency range (proportional to a wavelength corresponding to the second frequency range (e.g., 20 GHz frequency band). In one embodiment, the first frequency range is between approximately 27.5 GHz and approximately 31 GHz. In one embodiment, the second frequency range is between approximately 18.3 GHz and approximately 20.2 GHz. Alternatively, other frequency ranges can be used.
The first sub-stack 502 includes antenna elements 510 in a first antenna layer. In order to connect the antenna elements 510 to other circuits, such as RF components, processors, radios, or the like, a vertical coupling structure 508 is used between the first sub-stack 502 and the second sub-stack 504. The other circuits may include RF circuits, digital circuits, power circuits, controllers, or the like. A first portion of the vertical coupling structure 508 is part of a fifth layer of the first sub-stack 502 and a second portion of the vertical coupling structure 508 is part of a first layer of the second sub-stack 504. The vertical coupling structure 508 can include multiple sub-structures to form individual connections between individual elements of the antenna elements 510 to specific connection points of the other circuits. For example, the vertical coupling structure 508 includes a set of RF couplers, where each RF coupler connects to the individual antenna elements 510 through a via of a first set of vias 512 between the first conductive layer and the fifth antenna layer. The RF coupler connection between PCB layers are not directly connected (conductively connected), but are electromagnetically coupled at RF frequencies. The RF coupler can enable circular polarization as well. Alternatively, the individual antenna elements 510 can be connect to an individual RF coupler through any feed mechanism with or without the use of the first set of vias 512.
In order to connect the antenna elements to RF components or processor disposed on the circuit board, one or more vertical coupling structures are formed between the first sub-stack 502 and the second sub-stack 504. For example, each of the vertical coupling structure electromagnetically couple a RF signal between a conductive trace in the first sub-stack 502 and a second conductive trace in the second sub-stack 504. The conductive traces in the second sub-stack 504 can be coupled to the other circuits disposed on the second side of the PCB 500.
In one embodiment, the RF couplers of the vertical coupling structure 508 can be one or more quadrature hybrid couplers. A quadrature hybrid coupler can convert RF signals with a linear polarization to RF signals with a circular polarization. The quadrature hybrid coupler can be used to provide a circular polarization over a wide bandwidth. By building the quadrature hybrid coupler on two different layers, the same structure can be used to obtain wideband circular polarization as well as to electromagnetically connect the antenna layers (top layers) to circuits on the bottom layers of the PCB. This could enable simultaneous dual circularly polarized beams on an antenna or an array of antenna elements on the PCB. This PCB would be a reduced-cost PCB. Additional structures can couple to the antenna feeds, including parallel plate capacitors and other types of couplers, as described herein. Additional details of the quadrature hybrid coupler are described below with respect to
A quadrature hybrid coupler can convert RF signals with a linear polarization to RF signals with a circular polarization. The quadrature hybrid coupler can be used to provide a circular polarization over a wide bandwidth. By building the quadrature hybrid coupler on two different layers, the same structure can be used to obtain wideband circular polarization as well as to electromagnetically connect the antenna layers (top layers) to circuits on the bottom layers of the PCB. This could enable simultaneous dual circularly polarized beams on an antenna or an array of antenna elements on the PCB. This PCB would be a reduced-cost PCB. Additional structures can couple to the antenna feeds, including parallel plate capacitors and other types of couplers, as described herein.
Although
In another embodiment, a device includes a processor and a RF component disposed on a circuit board. The circuit board includes a first layer with a set of antenna elements of a phased array antenna. The set of antenna elements is located on a first side of the circuit board. The circuit board includes a second layer with a first set of conductive traces, a first set of vias, each coupling one of the set of antenna elements to one of the first set of conductive traces through a first insulation layer, and a third layer with a second set of conductive traces. A second insulation layer is located between the second layer and the third layer. The circuit board also includes a set of vertical coupling structures, each including i) a first portion located in the second layer and coupled to one of the first set of conductive traces and ii) a second portion located in the third layer and coupled to one of the second set of conductive traces. The circuit board also includes a second set of vias, each via coupling one of the second set of conductive traces to at least one of the processor or the RF component. In one embodiment, at least one of the vertical coupling structures is a quadrature hybrid coupler. Alternatively, other vertical coupling structures, such as those described herein, can be used. The vertical coupling structures can electromagnetically couple a first conductive trace on a first layer and a second conductive trace on a second layer at RF frequencies. This can be with no conduction connection. That is, the first insulation layer, through which the first conductive trace and the second conductive trace electromagnetically couple, does not include a via to conductively couple the first conductive trace and the second conductive trace.
In a further embodiment, the circuit board includes a fourth layer with a third set of conductive traces. A third insulation layer is located between the third layer and the fourth layer. Each of the second set of vias is coupled to one of the second set of conductive traces and one of the third set of conductive traces through the third insulation layer. In one embodiment, the first layer, the second layer, and the first insulation layer are laminated together as a first stack in a first lamination cycle. The third layer and the second insulation layer are laminated together in a second stack in a second lamination cycle. The first stack, the first insulation layer, and the second stack are laminated together in a third lamination cycle after the first lamination cycle and the second lamination cycle. In some embodiments, the first stack includes a first solder mask and the second stack includes a second solder mask. In one embodiment, the first set of vias includes a first through-hole via between a top layer of the first stack and a bottom layer of the first stack and the second set of vias includes a second through-hole via between a top layer of the second stack and a bottom layer of the second stack. In this embodiment, there is no via between the first solder mask and the second solder mask.
As described above, the vertical coupling structures can be used to reduce the complexity of the PCB, reduce the number of lamination cycles, and reduce the overall system cost of a phased array antenna system. The embodiments described herein have a simpler manufacturing process for a circuit board with antenna elements than a conventional circuit board. The antenna elements are not directly connected to the rest of the PCB layers. Vias connect a first group of layers (Layer 1 to Layer 5, as illustrated in
At RF frequencies, two sections of a PCB (antenna section and RF/digital section) can be electromagnetically connected using the vertical coupling structure. RF circuits typically have fences of grounding vias to prevent parasitic coupling between RF traces, i.e., shield one circuit from another. If multiple PCB sections are electromagnetically coupled, there cannot be grounding vias that directly connect the layers.
Aspects of the present disclosure provide an RF shielding structure to prevent parasitic coupling between two RF signals. The RF shielding structure can include a set of partial vias and pads that each act as a series capacitor for grounding. The series capacitor can be designed to look like a short circuit at RF frequencies. The RF shielding structure completes the grounding via connection, enabling RF shielding between electromagnetically coupled PCB layers at RF frequencies. An example RF shielding structure is described below with respect to
Although illustrated as partial vias and pads, the parallel plate capacitors can be designed in other shapes and sizes to create an RF short circuit at RF frequencies. It should also be noted that other numbers of parallel plate capacitors can be used to create enough RF shielding between the RF signals. Alternatively, other RF shielding structures can be used other than parallel plate capacitors.
In another embodiment, a circuit board includes: a first layer including a first portion of a RF coupling structure; a second layer including a second portion of the RF coupling structure; a first insulation layer located between the first layer and the second layer; a third layer including a first antenna element; a second insulation layer located between the third layer and the first layer; and an RF shielding structure coupled to a ground connection on the second layer and located in the first insulation layer. The RF coupling structure is configured to electromagnetically couple a first conductive trace on the first layer and a second conductive trace on the second layer at RF frequencies. The RF shielding structure is configured to operate as a RF short circuit between the ground connection and a third conductive trace on the first layer at RF frequencies.
In another embodiment, a wireless device includes a DSP and RF components disposed on a PCB having a stack of layers. The stack of layers includes a first sub-stack, an insulation layer (e.g., insulation layer 806), and a second sub-stack of layers. The first sub-stack includes i) a first conductive layer with a set of antenna elements located on a first side of the PCB; ii) a second conductive layer with a first set of conductive traces; iii) a second insulation layer located between the first conductive layer and the second conductive layer; and iv) a first set of vias in the second insulation layer, each of the first set of vias connects one of the set of antenna elements to one of the first set of conductive traces through the second insulation layer. The second sub-stack of layers includes a third conductive layer with a second set of conductive traces. The second conductive layer, the first insulation layer, and the third conductive layer form a set of RF couplers that electromagnetically couple the plurality of antenna elements to the RF components. One of the RF couplers electromagnetically couples the first RF signal 812 between the first layer 804 and the second layer 808. Another one of the RF couplers electromagnetically couples the second RF signal 814 between the first layer 804 and the second layer 808. The RF shielding structure 800 is a set of parallel plate capacitors in series with a first via of the first set of vias. As described above, each of the parallel plate capacitors including i) a partial via (e.g., 802) that extends from a grounding connection on the third conductive layer and ii) a pad (e.g., 810) located at a distal end of the partial via, the distal end being farther from the third conductive layer and the pad being parallel to the second conductive layer. The parallel plate capacitors operate as an RF short circuit between the first via and the grounding connection at RF frequencies. The parallel plate capacitors enable RF shielding between two of the first plurality of conductive traces. That is, the parallel plate capacitors enable RF shielding between a first RF signal and a second RF signal.
In another embodiment, a circuit board includes a first layer with a first portion of a RF coupling structure and a second layer with a second portion of the RF coupling structure. A first insulation layer is located between the first layer and the second layer. The RF coupling structure is configured to electromagnetically couple a first conductive trace on the first layer and a second conductive trace on the second layer at RF frequencies. The circuit board also includes a third layer having a first antenna element. A second insulation layer is located between the third layer and the first layer. The circuit board also includes an RF shielding structure coupled to a ground connection on the second layer and located in the first insulation layer. The RF shielding structure is configured to operate as a RF short circuit between the ground connection and a third conductive trace on the first layer at RF frequencies.
In a further embodiment, the second insulation layer includes a first via through which the first antenna element is coupled to the first conductive trace. An RF component that is disposed on the circuit board includes a ground terminal. The ground terminal is coupled to the ground connection through a second via. The RF shielding structure operates as a short circuit between the ground terminal of the antenna element and the ground terminal of the RF component even though two layers of the circuit board are not conductively coupled, rather electromagnetically couples. The RF shielding structure operates as an RF short circuit at RF frequencies through the insulation layer where the electromagnetically coupled RF signals are present. The RF shielding structure operates like a fence of ground vias that shield an RF signal from another RF signal.
In a further embodiment, the circuit board further includes a fourth layer with a fourth conductive trace. A third insulation layer is located between the second layer and the fourth layer. The second insulation layer includes a first via through which the first antenna element is coupled to the first conductive trace. The second insulation layer also includes a second via through which the ground connection is coupled to a ground terminal of RF component disposed on the circuit board. The third insulation layer includes a third via extending between the second conductive trace and the fourth conductive trace, the fourth conductive trace being coupled to a signal terminal of the RF component.
In another embodiment, the first layer, the third layer, and the second insulation layer are part of a first sub-stack that is laminated together in a first lamination cycle. The second layer, the fourth layer, and the third insulation layer are part of a second sub-stack that is laminated together in a second lamination cycle. The first sub-stack and the second sub-stack are laminated together in a third lamination cycle after the first lamination cycle and after the second lamination cycle. The insulation layer (e.g., 806) is located between the first sub-stack and the second sub-stack. In another embodiment, the second sub-stack includes one or more additional conductive layers and one or more additional insulation layers. A set of vias can be coupled between two of the conductive layers.
In another embodiment, the first layer includes a second antenna element and a first portion of a second RF coupling structure coupled to the second antenna element. The second layer includes a second portion of the second RF coupling structure. The second RF coupling structure is configured to electromagnetically couple the second antenna element and a fourth conductive trace on the second layer at RF frequencies. The RF shielding structure is located between the RF coupling structure and the second RF coupling structure.
In another embodiment, a fourth layer includes a second antenna element. A third insulation layer is located between the first layer and the fourth layer. The second insulation layer and third insulation layer include a second via through which the second antenna element is coupled to a fourth conductive trace of the first layer, the fourth conductive trace being coupled to a first portion of a second RF coupling structure. The RF shielding structure is located between the RF coupling structure and the second RF coupling structure.
In another embodiment, a device includes a processor and a RF component disposed on a side of a circuit board. The circuit board includes a first layer having a set of antenna elements of a phased array antenna. The set of antenna elements is located on a first side of the circuit board and the processor and the RF component are located on a second side of the circuit board. The circuit board further includes: a second layer having a first set of conductive traces; a first set of vias, each coupling one of the set of antenna elements to one of the first set of conductive traces through a first insulation layer; a third layer having a second set of conductive traces; a second insulation layer located between the second layer and the third layer; and a set of vertical coupling structures, each including i) a first portion located in the second layer and coupled to one of the first plurality of conductive traces and ii) a second portion located in the third layer and coupled to one of the second plurality of conductive traces. The circuit board also includes an RF shielding structure that is coupled to a first trace of the second set of conductive traces, the first trace being grounded to at least one of the processor or the RF component. The RF shielding structure is configured to operate as a RF short circuit between the first trace and a first trace of the first set of conductive traces.
In a further embodiment, the RF shielding structure includes a set of two or more parallel plate capacitors. Each of the parallel plate capacitors can include i) a partial via that extends from a grounding connection on the third layer and ii) a pad located at a distal end of the partial via, the distal end being farther from the third layer and the pad being parallel to the third layer. In another embodiment, a second set of vias can couple each of the second set of conductive traces to at least one of the processor or the RF component. Each of the second set of vias can be coupled to one of the second set of conductive traces and one of a third set of conductive traces in a fourth layer.
The electronic device 900 includes one or more processor(s) 930, such as one or more CPUs, microcontrollers, field programmable gate arrays, or other types of processors. The electronic device 900 also includes system memory 906, which may correspond to any combination of volatile and/or non-volatile storage mechanisms. The system memory 906 stores information that provides operating system component 908, various program modules 910, program data 912, and/or other components. In one embodiment, the system memory 906 stores instructions of methods to control operation of the electronic device 900. The electronic device 900 performs functions by using the processor(s) 930 to execute instructions provided by the system memory 906.
The electronic device 900 also includes a data storage device 914 that may be composed of one or more types of removable storage and/or one or more types of non-removable storage. The data storage device 914 includes a computer-readable storage medium 916 on which is stored one or more sets of instructions embodying any of the methodologies or functions described herein. Instructions for the program modules 910 may reside, completely or at least partially, within the computer-readable storage medium 916, system memory 906 and/or within the processor(s) 930 during execution thereof by the electronic device 900, the system memory 906, and the processor(s) 930 also constituting computer-readable media. The electronic device 900 may also include one or more input devices 918 (keyboard, mouse device, specialized selection keys, etc.) and one or more output devices 920 (displays, printers, audio output mechanisms, etc.).
The electronic device 900 further includes a modem 922 to allow the electronic device 900 to communicate via a wireless connections (e.g., such as provided by the wireless communication system) with other computing devices, such as remote computers, an item providing system, and so forth. The modem 922 can be connected to one or more RF modules 986. The RF modules 986 may be a wireless local area network (WLAN) module, a wide area network (WAN) module, wireless personal area network (WPAN) module, Global Positioning System (GPS) module, or the like. The antenna structures (antenna(s) 985, 987, 989) are coupled to the front-end circuitry 990, which is coupled to the modem 922. The front-end circuitry 990 may include radio front-end circuitry, antenna switching circuitry, impedance matching circuitry, or the like. The antennas 985, 987, 989 may be GPS antennas, Near-Field Communication (NFC) antennas, other WAN antennas, WLAN or PAN antennas, or the like. The modem 922 allows the electronic device 900 to handle both voice and non-voice communications (such as communications for text messages, multimedia messages, media downloads, web browsing, etc.) with a wireless communication system. The modem 922 may provide network connectivity using any type of mobile network technology including, for example, Cellular Digital Packet Data (CDPD), General Packet Radio Service (GPRS), EDGE, Universal Mobile Telecommunications System (UMTS), Single-Carrier Radio Transmission Technology (1×RTT), Evaluation Data Optimized (EVDO), High-Speed Down-Link Packet Access (HSDPA), Wi-Fi®, Long Term Evolution (LTE) and LTE Advanced (sometimes generally referred to as 4G), etc.
The modem 922 may generate signals and send these signals to antenna(s) 985, 987, 989 of a first type (e.g., 20 GHz), antenna(s) 985 of a second type (e.g., 30 GHz), and/or antenna(s) 987 of a third type (e.g., WAN, WLAN, PAN, or the like), via front-end circuitry 990, and RF module(s) 986 as descried herein. Antennas 985, 987, 989 may be configured to transmit in different frequency bands and/or using different wireless communication protocols. The antennas 985, 987, 989 may be directional, omnidirectional, or non-directional antennas. In addition to sending data, antennas 985, 987, 989 may also receive data, which is sent to appropriate RF modules connected to the antennas. One of the antennas 985, 987, 989 may be any combination of the antenna structures described herein.
In one embodiment, the electronic device 900 establishes a first connection using a first wireless communication protocol, and a second connection using a different wireless communication protocol. The first wireless connection and second wireless connection may be active concurrently, for example, if an electronic device is receiving a media item from another electronic device via the first connection) and transferring a file to another electronic device (e.g., via the second connection) at the same time. Alternatively, the two connections may be active concurrently during wireless communications with multiple devices. In one embodiment, the first wireless connection is associated with a first resonant mode of an antenna structure that operates at a first frequency band and the second wireless connection is associated with a second resonant mode of the antenna structure that operates at a second frequency band. In another embodiment, the first wireless connection is associated with a first antenna structure and the second wireless connection is associated with a second antenna.
Though a modem 922 is shown to control transmission and reception via antenna (985, 987, 989), the electronic device 900 may alternatively include multiple modems, each of which is configured to transmit/receive data via a different antenna and/or wireless transmission protocol.
In the above description, numerous details are set forth. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art having the benefit of this disclosure, that embodiments may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form, rather than in detail, in order to avoid obscuring the description.
Some portions of the detailed description are presented in terms of algorithms and symbolic representations of operations on data bits within a computer memory. These algorithmic descriptions and representations are the means used by those skilled in the data processing arts to convey the substance of their work most effectively to others skilled in the art. An algorithm is used herein, and generally, conceived to be a self-consistent sequence of steps leading to a desired result. The steps are those requiring physical manipulations of physical quantities. Usually, though not necessarily, these quantities take the form of electrical or magnetic signals capable of being stored, transferred, combined, compared, and otherwise manipulated. It has proven convenient at times, principally for reasons of common usage, to refer to these signals as bits, values, elements, symbols, characters, terms, numbers, or the like.
It should be borne in mind, however, that all of these and similar terms are to be associated with the appropriate physical quantities and are merely convenient labels applied to these quantities. Unless specifically stated otherwise as apparent from the above discussion, it is appreciated that throughout the description, discussions utilizing terms such as “inducing,” “parasitically inducing,” “radiating,” “detecting,” determining,” “generating,” “communicating,” “receiving,” “disabling,” or the like, refer to the actions and processes of a computer system, or similar electronic computing device, that manipulates and transforms data represented as physical (e.g., electronic) quantities within the computer system's registers and memories into other data similarly represented as physical quantities within the computer system memories or registers or other such information storage, transmission or display devices.
Embodiments also relate to an apparatus for performing the operations herein. This apparatus may be specially constructed for the required purposes, or it may comprise a general-purpose computer selectively activated or reconfigured by a computer program stored in the computer. Such a computer program may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as, but not limited to, any type of disk including floppy disks, optical disks, Read-Only Memories (ROMs), compact disc ROMs (CD-ROMs) and magnetic-optical disks, Random Access Memories (RAMs), EPROMs, EEPROMs, magnetic or optical cards, or any type of media suitable for storing electronic instructions.
The algorithms and displays presented herein are not inherently related to any particular computer or other apparatus. Various general-purpose systems may be used with programs in accordance with the teachings herein, or it may prove convenient to construct a more specialized apparatus to perform the required method steps. The required structure for a variety of these systems will appear from the description below. In addition, the present embodiments are not described with reference to any particular programming language. It will be appreciated that a variety of programming languages may be used to implement the teachings of the present embodiments as described herein. It should also be noted that the terms “when” or the phrase “in response to,” as used herein, should be understood to indicate that there may be intervening time, intervening events, or both before the identified operation is performed.
It is to be understood that the above description is intended to be illustrative, and not restrictive. Many other embodiments will be apparent to those of skill in the art upon reading and understanding the above description. The scope of the present embodiments should, therefore, be determined with reference to the appended claims, along with the full scope of equivalents to which such claims are entitled.
This application is a continuation application of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 16/845,689, filed Apr. 10, 2020, the entire content of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein.
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20140302888 | Syal et al. | Oct 2014 | A1 |
| 20150364829 | Tong | Dec 2015 | A1 |
| 20190326674 | Kang | Oct 2019 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16845689 | Apr 2020 | US |
| Child | 17369782 | US |
