Aspartic endopeptidases (3.4.23)

Industry

CPC
C12Y304/23

This industry / category may be too specific. Please go to a parent level for more data

Parent Industries

CCHEMISTRY METALLURGY C12Biochemistry C12YENZYMES C12Y304/00Hydrolases acting on peptide bonds

Current Industry

C12Y304/23Aspartic endopeptidases (3.4.23)

Industries

Please log in for detailed analytics

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Information Patent Grant
Process of extracting oil from thin stillage
- Patent number 12,168,787
- Issue date Dec 17, 2024
- Novozymes A/S
- Nathaniel Edward Kreel
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Methods for regulating nitrogen metabolism during the production of...
- Patent number 11,946,089
- Issue date Apr 2, 2024
- Lallemand Hungary Liquidity Management LLC
- Aaron Argyros
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Solubilization of MSW with blend enzymes
- Patent number 11,884,955
- Issue date Jan 30, 2024
- RENESCIENCE A/S
- Hanne Risbjerg Soerensen
- C11 - ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES FATTY ACIDS...
Information Patent Grant
Solubilization of MSW with blend enzymes
- Patent number 11,873,522
- Issue date Jan 16, 2024
- RENESCIENCE A/S
- Hanne Risbjerg Soerensen
- C11 - ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES FATTY ACIDS...
Information Patent Grant
APKC inhibitors and methods of treating a neurodegenerative disease...
- Patent number 11,865,125
- Issue date Jan 9, 2024
- University of South Florida
- Robert Vito Farese
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Variants of chymosin with improved milk-clotting properties
- Patent number 11,827,913
- Issue date Nov 28, 2023
- CHR. Hansen A/S
- Johannes Maarten Van Den Brink
- A23 - FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
Information Patent Grant
Process of extracting oil from thin stillage
- Patent number 11,781,123
- Issue date Oct 10, 2023
- Novozymes A/S
- Michael John Akerman
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Antibodies against BACE1 and use thereof for neural disease immunot...
- Patent number 11,746,160
- Issue date Sep 5, 2023
- Genentech, Inc.
- Yichin Liu
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Grant
Treatment of gluten intolerance and related conditions
- Patent number 11,725,198
- Issue date Aug 15, 2023
- Codexis, Inc.
- David C. Schriemer
- A23 - FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
Information Patent Grant
Fast protein sequencing
- Patent number 11,726,096
- Issue date Aug 15, 2023
- REGENERON PHARMACEUTICALS, INC.
- Yuan Mao
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Compositions and methods for treating gluten intolerance and disord...
- Patent number 11,723,960
- Issue date Aug 15, 2023
- Codexis, Inc.
- David C. Schriemer
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Grant
Mirac proteins
- Patent number 11,718,844
- Issue date Aug 8, 2023
- BioAtla, Inc.
- Jay M. Short
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Grant
Compositions and methods for treating gluten intolerance and disord...
- Patent number 11,701,411
- Issue date Jul 18, 2023
- Codexis, Inc.
- David C. Schriemer
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Methods for producing collagen
- Patent number 11,702,447
- Issue date Jul 18, 2023
- AVICENNA NUTRACEUTICAL, INC.
- Ali Elnajjar
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Process of extracting oil from thin stillage
- Patent number 11,674,127
- Issue date Jun 13, 2023
- Novozymes A/S
- Joseph Jump
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Compositions comprising digestive enzymes
- Patent number 11,649,445
- Issue date May 16, 2023
- CLARA FOODS CO.
- Halle Redfearn
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Variants of chymosin with improved milk-clotting properties
- Patent number 11,629,343
- Issue date Apr 18, 2023
- CHR. Hansen A/S
- Johannes Maarten Van Den Brink
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Method of manufacturing membrane protein and utilization thereof
- Patent number 11,618,777
- Issue date Apr 4, 2023
- Shigeyuki Yokoyama
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Variants of chymosin with improved milk-clotting properties
- Patent number 11,555,182
- Issue date Jan 17, 2023
- CHR. Hansen A/S
- Christian Jaeckel
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Nepenthesin-1 derived resistance to fungal pathogens in major crop...
- Patent number 11,549,124
- Issue date Jan 10, 2023
- Aarhus Universitet
- Zelalem Eshetu Bekalu
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Methods for regulating nitrogen metabolism during the production of...
- Patent number 11,274,319
- Issue date Mar 15, 2022
- Lallemand Hungary Liquidity Management LLC
- Aaron Argyros
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Stabilization of chymosin by polymers
- Patent number 11,234,446
- Issue date Feb 1, 2022
- CHR. Hansen A/S
- Martin Lund
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Modified strains for the production of recombinant silk
- Patent number 11,214,785
- Issue date Jan 4, 2022
- Bolt Threads, Inc.
- Matthew Scott Gamboa
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Variants of chymosin with improved properties
- Patent number 11,174,473
- Issue date Nov 16, 2021
- CHR. Hansen A/S
- Christian Jaeckel
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Compositions comprising digestive enzymes
- Patent number 11,142,754
- Issue date Oct 12, 2021
- CLARA FOODS CO.
- Halle Redfearn
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Grant
Solubilization of MSW with blend enzymes
- Patent number 11,124,808
- Issue date Sep 21, 2021
- RENESCIENCE A/S
- Hanne Risbjerg Soerensen
- C11 - ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES FATTY ACIDS...
Information Patent Grant
Systems and compositions for diagnosing pathogenic fungal infection...
- Patent number 11,112,409
- Issue date Sep 7, 2021
- The Regents of the University of California
- Clarissa Nobile
- G01 - MEASURING TESTING
Information Patent Grant
Process of extracting oil from thin stillage
- Patent number 11,028,378
- Issue date Jun 8, 2021
- Novozymes A/S
- Joseph Jump
- Y02 - TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMA...
Information Patent Grant
Anti-transferrin receptor / anti-BACE1 multispecific antibodies and...
- Patent number 11,008,403
- Issue date May 18, 2021
- Genentech, Inc.
- Yichin Liu
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Grant
Multiple proteases deficient filamentous fungal cells and methods o...
- Patent number 10,988,791
- Issue date Apr 27, 2021
- Glykos Finland Oy
- Christopher Landowski
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

Information Patent Application
CANOLA MEAL EXTRACTS FOR MICROBIAL FERMENTATION
- Publication number 20240417677
- Publication date Dec 19, 2024
- University of Saskatchewan
- Bishnu Acharya
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
Animal Model With Rapid Onset Of Alzheimer's Amyloid Beta Plaque Pa...
- Publication number 20240408246
- Publication date Dec 12, 2024
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Brian Huang
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
METHOD OF PRODUCING COLLAGEN
- Publication number 20240383966
- Publication date Nov 21, 2024
- HOLISTA COLLTECH LIMITED
- M Rajendran V MARNICKAVASAGAR
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
FUNGAL ENZYME MIXTURES AND USES THEREOF
- Publication number 20240382569
- Publication date Nov 21, 2024
- BIO-CAT, INC.
- Sean Michael GARVEY
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
OVER EXPRESSION OF FOLDASES AND CHAPERONES IMPROVES PROTEIN PRODUCTION
- Publication number 20240376512
- Publication date Nov 14, 2024
- Steven Kim
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
METHODS FOR REGULATING NITROGEN METABOLISM DURING THE PRODUCTION OF...
- Publication number 20240360484
- Publication date Oct 31, 2024
- Lallemand Hungary Liquidity Management LLC
- Aaron Argyros
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
ASPARTIC PROTEASE FOR TREATMENT OF GLUTEN INTOLEREANCE, NUCLEIC ACI...
- Publication number 20240167012
- Publication date May 23, 2024
- National Chung Hsing University
- Meng Hsiao MENG
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Application
FUNGAL PROTEASE MIXTURES AND USES THEREOF
- Publication number 20240156922
- Publication date May 16, 2024
- BIO-CAT, INC.
- Sean Michael GARVEY
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
FAST PROTEIN SEQUENCING
- Publication number 20240151730
- Publication date May 9, 2024
- Regeneron Pharmaceuticals, Inc.
- Yuan Mao
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Application
SOLUBILIZATION OF MSW WITH BLEND ENZYMES
- Publication number 20240084336
- Publication date Mar 14, 2024
- Renescience A/S
- Hanne Risbjerg Soerensen
- C11 - ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES FATTY ACIDS...
Information Patent Application
VARIANTS OF CHYMOSIN WITH IMPROVED MILK-CLOTTING PROPERTIES
- Publication number 20240084281
- Publication date Mar 14, 2024
- Chr. Hansen A/S
- Johannes Maarten VAN DEN BRINK
- A23 - FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
Information Patent Application
aPKC INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF TREATING A NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE...
- Publication number 20240075047
- Publication date Mar 7, 2024
- University of South Florida
- Robert Vito FARESE
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
AGENT FOR ACTIVATING A NEURON
- Publication number 20240033332
- Publication date Feb 1, 2024
- Kyoto University
- Jun TAKAHASHI
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Application
FROZEN ENZYME PELLETS
- Publication number 20240032553
- Publication date Feb 1, 2024
- DSM IP Assets B. V.
- Claire Emile PRICE
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
METHOD FOR PRODUCING PROCESSED PLANT-BASED PROTEIN-CONTAINING LIQUI...
- Publication number 20240016187
- Publication date Jan 18, 2024
- Amano Enzyme Inc.
- Akiko Takahashi
- A23 - FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
Information Patent Application
ENCAPSULATED RNA REPLICONS AND METHODS OF USE
- Publication number 20230416308
- Publication date Dec 28, 2023
- Oncorus, Inc.
- Lorena LERNER
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Application
PROCESS OF EXTRACTING OIL FROM THIN STILLAGE
- Publication number 20230340432
- Publication date Oct 26, 2023
- NOVOZYMES A/S
- Nathaniel Edward Kreel
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES
- Publication number 20230332125
- Publication date Oct 19, 2023
- Clara Foods Co.
- Halle REDFEARN
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING FERMENTATION PRODUCTS
- Publication number 20230323315
- Publication date Oct 12, 2023
- NOVOZYMES A/S
- Zhengfang Kang
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
PROCESS OF EXTRACTING OIL FROM THIN STILLAGE
- Publication number 20230303986
- Publication date Sep 28, 2023
- NOVOZYMES A/S
- Michael John Akerman
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
GENE THERAPY FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS USING POLYNUCLEOTIDE S...
- Publication number 20230136245
- Publication date May 4, 2023
- Paros Bio, Inc.
- Kimberley S. Gannon
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Application
METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AMYLOIDOSIS
- Publication number 20230127775
- Publication date Apr 27, 2023
- ULTRAGENYX PHARMACEUTICAL INC.
- Emil D. KAKKIS
- B82 - NANO-TECHNOLOGY
Information Patent Application
LIQUID BANDAGE CONTAINING PEPTIDE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVE INGREDIE...
- Publication number 20230112511
- Publication date Apr 13, 2023
- Zhejiang Ocean University
- HONGYU LUO
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
NON-NATURALLY OCCURRING CAPSIDS FOR DELIVERY OF NUCLEIC ACIDS AND/O...
- Publication number 20220389062
- Publication date Dec 8, 2022
- THE BROAD INSTITUTE, INC.
- Feng Zhang
- A61 - MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE HYGIENE
Information Patent Application
MODIFIED TRICHODERMA FUNGAL STRAIN FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ENZYME...
- Publication number 20220259270
- Publication date Aug 18, 2022
- CENTRO NACIONAL DE PESQUISA EM ENERGIA E MATERIAIS
- Mario Tyago Murakami
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Application
MODIFIED STRAINS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RECOMBINANT SILK
- Publication number 20220251533
- Publication date Aug 11, 2022
- Bolt Threads, Inc.
- Matthew Scott Gamboa
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
aPKC INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF TREATING A NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE...
- Publication number 20220175804
- Publication date Jun 9, 2022
- University of South Florida
- Robert Vito FARESE
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...
Information Patent Application
VARIANTS OF CHYMOSIN WITH IMPROVED MILK-CLOTTING PROPERTIES
- Publication number 20220154162
- Publication date May 19, 2022
- Chr. Hansen A/S
- Johannes Maarten VAN DEN BRINK
- A23 - FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS THEIR TREATMENT, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
Information Patent Application
METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT, PREVENTION, AND TREATME...
- Publication number 20220065874
- Publication date Mar 3, 2022
- The Johns Hopkins University
- Esther Oh
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Application
COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES
- Publication number 20220064619
- Publication date Mar 3, 2022
- Clara Foods Co.
- Halle Redfearn
- C12 - BIOCHEMISTRY BEER SPIRITS WINE VINEGAR MICROBIOLOGY ENZYMOLOGY MUTATION...

Aspartic endopeptidases (3.4.23)

Industry

Parent Industries

Current Industry

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Process of extracting oil from thin stillage

Methods for regulating nitrogen metabolism during the production of...

Solubilization of MSW with blend enzymes

Solubilization of MSW with blend enzymes

APKC inhibitors and methods of treating a neurodegenerative disease...

Variants of chymosin with improved milk-clotting properties

Process of extracting oil from thin stillage

Antibodies against BACE1 and use thereof for neural disease immunot...

Treatment of gluten intolerance and related conditions

Fast protein sequencing

Compositions and methods for treating gluten intolerance and disord...

Mirac proteins

Compositions and methods for treating gluten intolerance and disord...

Methods for producing collagen

Process of extracting oil from thin stillage

Compositions comprising digestive enzymes

Variants of chymosin with improved milk-clotting properties

Method of manufacturing membrane protein and utilization thereof

Variants of chymosin with improved milk-clotting properties

Nepenthesin-1 derived resistance to fungal pathogens in major crop...

Methods for regulating nitrogen metabolism during the production of...

Stabilization of chymosin by polymers

Modified strains for the production of recombinant silk

Variants of chymosin with improved properties

Compositions comprising digestive enzymes

Solubilization of MSW with blend enzymes

Systems and compositions for diagnosing pathogenic fungal infection...

Process of extracting oil from thin stillage

Anti-transferrin receptor / anti-BACE1 multispecific antibodies and...

Multiple proteases deficient filamentous fungal cells and methods o...

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

CANOLA MEAL EXTRACTS FOR MICROBIAL FERMENTATION

Animal Model With Rapid Onset Of Alzheimer's Amyloid Beta Plaque Pa...

METHOD OF PRODUCING COLLAGEN

FUNGAL ENZYME MIXTURES AND USES THEREOF

OVER EXPRESSION OF FOLDASES AND CHAPERONES IMPROVES PROTEIN PRODUCTION

METHODS FOR REGULATING NITROGEN METABOLISM DURING THE PRODUCTION OF...

ASPARTIC PROTEASE FOR TREATMENT OF GLUTEN INTOLEREANCE, NUCLEIC ACI...

FUNGAL PROTEASE MIXTURES AND USES THEREOF

FAST PROTEIN SEQUENCING

SOLUBILIZATION OF MSW WITH BLEND ENZYMES

VARIANTS OF CHYMOSIN WITH IMPROVED MILK-CLOTTING PROPERTIES

aPKC INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF TREATING A NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE...

AGENT FOR ACTIVATING A NEURON

FROZEN ENZYME PELLETS

METHOD FOR PRODUCING PROCESSED PLANT-BASED PROTEIN-CONTAINING LIQUI...

ENCAPSULATED RNA REPLICONS AND METHODS OF USE

PROCESS OF EXTRACTING OIL FROM THIN STILLAGE

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES

PROCESSES FOR PRODUCING FERMENTATION PRODUCTS

PROCESS OF EXTRACTING OIL FROM THIN STILLAGE

GENE THERAPY FOR NEURODEGENERATIVE DISORDERS USING POLYNUCLEOTIDE S...

METHODS AND COMPOSITIONS FOR THE TREATMENT OF AMYLOIDOSIS

LIQUID BANDAGE CONTAINING PEPTIDE ANTI-INFLAMMATORY ACTIVE INGREDIE...

NON-NATURALLY OCCURRING CAPSIDS FOR DELIVERY OF NUCLEIC ACIDS AND/O...

MODIFIED TRICHODERMA FUNGAL STRAIN FOR THE PRODUCTION OF AN ENZYME...

MODIFIED STRAINS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF RECOMBINANT SILK

aPKC INHIBITORS AND METHODS OF TREATING A NEURODEGENERATIVE DISEASE...

VARIANTS OF CHYMOSIN WITH IMPROVED MILK-CLOTTING PROPERTIES

METHODS FOR THE IDENTIFICATION, ASSESSMENT, PREVENTION, AND TREATME...

COMPOSITIONS COMPRISING DIGESTIVE ENZYMES