Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof

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CPC
C10L1/188

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CCHEMISTRY METALLURGY C10Petroleum, gas C10LFUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR NATURAL GAS SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL FIRELIGHTERS C10L1/00Liquid carbonaceous fuels

Current Industry

C10L1/188Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof

Industries

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Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Information Patent Grant
Fuel composition with lubricity modifier
- Patent number 12,139,680
- Issue date Nov 12, 2024
- Kraton Corporation
- Lloyd A. Nelson
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Fuel additives and formulations for improving performance of gasoli...
- Patent number 12,104,133
- Issue date Oct 1, 2024
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- Stuart L. Bartley
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Wax inhibitors with improved flowability
- Patent number 11,981,876
- Issue date May 14, 2024
- Clariant International Ltd.
- Michael Feustel
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Grant
Dispersions of polymeric oil additives
- Patent number 11,976,248
- Issue date May 7, 2024
- Dorf Ketal Energy Services LLC
- Michael Feustel
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Low sulfur diesel blockage inhibitor, preparation method therefor a...
- Patent number 11,912,657
- Issue date Feb 27, 2024
- China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation
- Lanpeng Li
- C11 - ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES FATTY ACIDS...
Information Patent Grant
Use of nitrogen compounds quaternised with alkylene oxide and hydro...
- Patent number 11,912,950
- Issue date Feb 27, 2024
- BASF SE
- Markus Hansch
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Grant
Low molecular weight amide/ester containing quaternary ammonium salts
- Patent number 11,820,957
- Issue date Nov 21, 2023
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- David J. Moreton
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Low molecular weight imide containing quaternary ammonium salts
- Patent number 11,781,085
- Issue date Oct 10, 2023
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- David C. Arters
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Emulsifier and emulsions
- Patent number 11,667,861
- Issue date Jun 6, 2023
- SULNOX GROUP PLC
- James Redman
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Fuel composition with lubricity additives
- Patent number 11,629,305
- Issue date Apr 18, 2023
- SHELL USA, INC.
- Yajnanarayana Halmuthur Jois
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Silver corrosion inhibitor composition and method of use
- Patent number 11,542,452
- Issue date Jan 3, 2023
- BL Technologies, Inc.
- Roberto Gutierrez
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Fuel composition with lubricity additives
- Patent number 11,499,109
- Issue date Nov 15, 2022
- SHELL USA, INC.
- Yajnanarayana Halmuthur Jois
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Fuel composition of diesel fuel
- Patent number 11,485,921
- Issue date Nov 1, 2022
- Andrey Viacheslavovich Aristov
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Continuous fractionation of crude tall oil to refined tall diesel
- Patent number 11,447,717
- Issue date Sep 20, 2022
- Sunpine AB
- Valeri Naydenov
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Use of a wax anti-settling additive in automotive fuel compositions
- Patent number 11,359,155
- Issue date Jun 14, 2022
- SHELL USA, INC.
- Mark Lawrence Brewer
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Ultra-low molecular weight imide containing quaternary ammonium sal...
- Patent number 11,254,646
- Issue date Feb 22, 2022
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- David C. Arters
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Grant
Composition for reducing emissions, carbon deposits and fuel consum...
- Patent number 11,203,727
- Issue date Dec 21, 2021
- Arnost Korinek
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Lubricity and conductivity improver additive for ultra low sulfur d...
- Patent number 11,149,223
- Issue date Oct 19, 2021
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Krishnarao Lopinti
- C08 - ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-...
Information Patent Grant
Fuel additives
- Patent number 11,124,720
- Issue date Sep 21, 2021
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- Stuart L. Bartley
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Use of nitrogen compounds quaternised with alkylene oxide and hydro...
- Patent number 11,111,449
- Issue date Sep 7, 2021
- BASF SE
- Markus Hansch
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Grant
Fuel composition as lubricity improver and method thereof
- Patent number 10,975,322
- Issue date Apr 13, 2021
- Bharat Petroleum Corporation Limited
- Arundhathi Racha
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Fluid regulation apparatus and method
- Patent number 10,967,353
- Issue date Apr 6, 2021
- United EE, LLC
- Venu Dikshitulu Kottaru
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Grant
Use of a mixture of a complex ester with a monocarboxylic acid to r...
- Patent number 10,927,319
- Issue date Feb 23, 2021
- BASF SE
- Matthias Zorn
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Lubricity additive for fuel with a low sulphur content
- Patent number 10,889,774
- Issue date Jan 12, 2021
- Total Marketing Services
- Hakim Ben Sahel
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Use of a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid for improving or...
- Patent number 10,858,608
- Issue date Dec 8, 2020
- BASF SE
- Harald Boehnke
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Lubricant additive composition suitable for lubricating two-stroke...
- Patent number 10,822,571
- Issue date Nov 3, 2020
- Brent R. Dohner
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Low carbon bio-oil and its manufacturing method
- Patent number 10,760,022
- Issue date Sep 1, 2020
- CPC CORPORATION, TAIWAN
- Tzu-Hsien Hsieh
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Fuel additive
- Patent number 10,752,852
- Issue date Aug 25, 2020
- INNOTECH LTD.
- Dmitry Yurievich Doykhen
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Grant
Bio-nano emulsion fuel
- Patent number 10,738,253
- Issue date Aug 11, 2020
- Tarbiat Modares University
- Ehsanollah Ettefaghi
- B82 - NANO-TECHNOLOGY
Information Patent Grant
Oil-in-water emulsions
- Patent number 10,704,003
- Issue date Jul 7, 2020
- QUADRISE INTERNATIONAL LIMITED
- Simon Craige
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

Information Patent Application
LUBRICITY IMPROVER COMPOSITION FOR FUEL OIL AND USE THEREOF
- Publication number 20240368490
- Publication date Nov 7, 2024
- China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation
- Jianmin LIN
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
NEW COMPOSITIONS FOR REDUCING CRYSTALLIZATION OF PARAFFIN CRYSTALS...
- Publication number 20240240095
- Publication date Jul 18, 2024
- BASF SE
- Uwe Rebholz
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
COMPOSITIONS FOR MITIGATING LOW SPEED PRE-IGNITION EVENTS
- Publication number 20240150666
- Publication date May 9, 2024
- CHEVRON ORONITE COMPANY LLC
- Edward (Jiun-Le) SHIH
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
Fuel Additives and Formulations for Improving Performance of Gasoli...
- Publication number 20240141244
- Publication date May 2, 2024
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- Stuart L. Bartley
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
FUEL COMPOSITION WITH LUBRICITY MODIFIER
- Publication number 20240093111
- Publication date Mar 21, 2024
- Kraton Chemical, LLC
- Lloyd A. Nelson
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
FUEL COMPOSITION OF DIESEL FUEL
- Publication number 20230053569
- Publication date Feb 23, 2023
- Andrey Viacheslavovich Aristov
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
LOW SULFUR DIESEL BLOCKAGE INHIBITOR, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR A...
- Publication number 20230039122
- Publication date Feb 9, 2023
- China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation
- Lanpeng LI
- C11 - ANIMAL AND VEGETABLE OILS, FATS, FATTY SUBSTANCES AND WAXES FATTY ACIDS...
Information Patent Application
COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS AND USES RELATING THERETO
- Publication number 20220403268
- Publication date Dec 22, 2022
- Innospec Limited
- Alan Norman Ross
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
REDUCING FRICTION IN COMBUSTION ENGINES THROUGH FUEL ADDITIVES
- Publication number 20220333027
- Publication date Oct 20, 2022
- CHEVRON ORONITE COMPANY LLC
- Richard Eugene CHERPECK
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
Wax Inhibitors With Improved Flowability
- Publication number 20220315850
- Publication date Oct 6, 2022
- CLARIANT INTERNATIONAL LTD
- Michael FEUSTEL
- C09 - DYES PAINTS POLISHES NATURAL RESINS ADHESIVES MISCELLANEOUS COMPOSITION...
Information Patent Application
SILVER CORROSION INHIBITOR COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF USE
- Publication number 20220177797
- Publication date Jun 9, 2022
- BL Technologies, Inc.
- Roberto GUTIERREZ
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
FUEL COMPOSITION WITH LUBRICITY ADDITIVES
- Publication number 20220106534
- Publication date Apr 7, 2022
- Yajnanarayana Halmuthur JOIS
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
FUEL COMPOSITION WITH LUBRICITY ADDITIVES
- Publication number 20220064558
- Publication date Mar 3, 2022
- Yajnanarayana Halmuthur JOIS
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
CONTINUOUS FRACTIONATION OF CRUDE TALL OIL TO REFINED TALL DIESEL
- Publication number 20220017840
- Publication date Jan 20, 2022
- SUNPINE AB
- Valeri NAYDENOV
- B01 - PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
Information Patent Application
Fuel Composition of Diesel Fuel
- Publication number 20210395629
- Publication date Dec 23, 2021
- Andrey Viacheslavovich Aristov
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
USE OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS QUATERNISED WITH ALKYLENE OXIDE AND HYDRO...
- Publication number 20210363451
- Publication date Nov 25, 2021
- BASF SE
- Markus HANSCH
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Application
SILVER CORROSION INHIBITOR COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF USE
- Publication number 20210301214
- Publication date Sep 30, 2021
- BL Technologies, Inc.
- Roberto GUTIERREZ
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT AMIDE/ESTER CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS
- Publication number 20210214639
- Publication date Jul 15, 2021
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- David J. Moreton
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT IMIDE CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS
- Publication number 20210207051
- Publication date Jul 8, 2021
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- David C. Arters
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
LUBRICITY AND CONDUCTIVITY IMPROVER ADDITIVE FOR ULTRA LOW SULFUR D...
- Publication number 20210189270
- Publication date Jun 24, 2021
- Indian Oil Corporation Limited
- Krishnarao LOPINTI
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
ULTRA-LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT IMIDE CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SAL...
- Publication number 20200361891
- Publication date Nov 19, 2020
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- David C. Arters
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
USE OF A WAX ANTI-SETTLING ADDITIVE IN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL COMPOSITIONS
- Publication number 20200325410
- Publication date Oct 15, 2020
- Mark Lawrence BREWER
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
Dispersions Of Polymeric Oil Additives
- Publication number 20200283692
- Publication date Sep 10, 2020
- CLARIANT INTERNATIONAL LTD
- Michael FEUSTEL
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
USE OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS QUATERNISED WITH ALKYLENE OXIDE AND HYDRO...
- Publication number 20200255755
- Publication date Aug 13, 2020
- BASF SE
- Markus HANSCH
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Application
CO-PROCESSING HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION OIL AND CO-FEED TO PRODUCE...
- Publication number 20200095510
- Publication date Mar 26, 2020
- ExxonMobil Research and Engineering Company
- William J. Novak
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
LUBRICITY ADDITIVES FOR FUELS
- Publication number 20200040274
- Publication date Feb 6, 2020
- Shell Oil Company
- William Colucci
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR PREVENTING OR REDUCING LOW SPEED PRE-IGN...
- Publication number 20200017789
- Publication date Jan 16, 2020
- CHEVRON ORONITE COMPANY LLC
- Richard Eugene Cherpeck
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
FUEL ADDITIVES
- Publication number 20190382673
- Publication date Dec 19, 2019
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- Stuart L. Bartley
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...
Information Patent Application
USE OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS QUATERNISED WITH ALKYLENE OXIDE AND HYDRO...
- Publication number 20190367828
- Publication date Dec 5, 2019
- BASF SE
- Markus HANSCH
- C07 - ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
Information Patent Application
LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT AMIDE/ESTER CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS
- Publication number 20190345406
- Publication date Nov 14, 2019
- The Lubrizol Corporation
- David J. Moreton
- C10 - PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MON...

Carboxylic acids; metal salts thereof

Industry

Parent Industries

Current Industry

Patents Grantslast 30 patents

Fuel composition with lubricity modifier

Fuel additives and formulations for improving performance of gasoli...

Wax inhibitors with improved flowability

Dispersions of polymeric oil additives

Low sulfur diesel blockage inhibitor, preparation method therefor a...

Use of nitrogen compounds quaternised with alkylene oxide and hydro...

Low molecular weight amide/ester containing quaternary ammonium salts

Low molecular weight imide containing quaternary ammonium salts

Emulsifier and emulsions

Fuel composition with lubricity additives

Silver corrosion inhibitor composition and method of use

Fuel composition with lubricity additives

Fuel composition of diesel fuel

Continuous fractionation of crude tall oil to refined tall diesel

Use of a wax anti-settling additive in automotive fuel compositions

Ultra-low molecular weight imide containing quaternary ammonium sal...

Composition for reducing emissions, carbon deposits and fuel consum...

Lubricity and conductivity improver additive for ultra low sulfur d...

Fuel additives

Use of nitrogen compounds quaternised with alkylene oxide and hydro...

Fuel composition as lubricity improver and method thereof

Fluid regulation apparatus and method

Use of a mixture of a complex ester with a monocarboxylic acid to r...

Lubricity additive for fuel with a low sulphur content

Use of a hydrocarbyl-substituted dicarboxylic acid for improving or...

Lubricant additive composition suitable for lubricating two-stroke...

Low carbon bio-oil and its manufacturing method

Fuel additive

Bio-nano emulsion fuel

Oil-in-water emulsions

Patents Applicationslast 30 patents

LUBRICITY IMPROVER COMPOSITION FOR FUEL OIL AND USE THEREOF

NEW COMPOSITIONS FOR REDUCING CRYSTALLIZATION OF PARAFFIN CRYSTALS...

COMPOSITIONS FOR MITIGATING LOW SPEED PRE-IGNITION EVENTS

Fuel Additives and Formulations for Improving Performance of Gasoli...

FUEL COMPOSITION WITH LUBRICITY MODIFIER

FUEL COMPOSITION OF DIESEL FUEL

LOW SULFUR DIESEL BLOCKAGE INHIBITOR, PREPARATION METHOD THEREFOR A...

COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS AND USES RELATING THERETO

REDUCING FRICTION IN COMBUSTION ENGINES THROUGH FUEL ADDITIVES

Wax Inhibitors With Improved Flowability

SILVER CORROSION INHIBITOR COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF USE

FUEL COMPOSITION WITH LUBRICITY ADDITIVES

FUEL COMPOSITION WITH LUBRICITY ADDITIVES

CONTINUOUS FRACTIONATION OF CRUDE TALL OIL TO REFINED TALL DIESEL

Fuel Composition of Diesel Fuel

USE OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS QUATERNISED WITH ALKYLENE OXIDE AND HYDRO...

SILVER CORROSION INHIBITOR COMPOSITION AND METHOD OF USE

LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT AMIDE/ESTER CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS

LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT IMIDE CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS

LUBRICITY AND CONDUCTIVITY IMPROVER ADDITIVE FOR ULTRA LOW SULFUR D...

ULTRA-LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT IMIDE CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SAL...

USE OF A WAX ANTI-SETTLING ADDITIVE IN AUTOMOTIVE FUEL COMPOSITIONS

Dispersions Of Polymeric Oil Additives

USE OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS QUATERNISED WITH ALKYLENE OXIDE AND HYDRO...

CO-PROCESSING HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION OIL AND CO-FEED TO PRODUCE...

LUBRICITY ADDITIVES FOR FUELS

COMPOSITION AND METHOD FOR PREVENTING OR REDUCING LOW SPEED PRE-IGN...

FUEL ADDITIVES

USE OF NITROGEN COMPOUNDS QUATERNISED WITH ALKYLENE OXIDE AND HYDRO...

LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT AMIDE/ESTER CONTAINING QUATERNARY AMMONIUM SALTS