Continuous casting of metals

BPERFORMING OPERATIONS TRANSPORTING B22Casting metals B22DCASTING OF METALS CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES

B22D11/00Continuous casting of metals

B22D11/001of specific alloys B22D11/002Stainless steels B22D11/003Aluminium alloys B22D11/004Copper alloys B22D11/005of wire B22D11/006of tubes B22D11/007of composite ingots B22D11/008of clad ingots B22D11/009of work of special cross-section B22D11/01without moulds B22D11/015using magnetic field for conformation B22D11/04into open-ended moulds B22D11/0401Moulds provided with a feed head B22D11/0403Multiple moulds B22D11/0405Rotating moulds B22D11/0406Moulds with special profile B22D11/0408Moulds for casting thin slabs B22D11/041for vertical casting B22D11/043Curved moulds B22D11/045for horizontal casting B22D11/0455Bidirectional horizontal casting B22D11/047Means for joining tundish to mould B22D11/0475characterised by use of a break ring B22D11/049for direct chill casting B22D11/05into moulds having adjustable walls B22D11/051into moulds having oscillating walls B22D11/053Means for oscillating the moulds B22D11/0535in a horizontal plane B22D11/055Cooling the moulds B22D11/057Manufacturing or calibrating the moulds B22D11/059Mould materials or platings B22D11/06into moulds with travelling walls B22D11/0602formed by a casting wheel and belt B22D11/0605formed by two belts B22D11/0608formed by caterpillars B22D11/0611formed by a single casting wheel B22D11/0614the casting wheel being immersed in a molten metal bath, and drawing out upwardly the casting strip B22D11/0617the casting wheel having its axis vertical and a casting strip formed in a peripheral groove of the wheel B22D11/062the metal being cast on the inside surface of the casting wheel B22D11/0622formed by two casting wheels B22D11/0625the two casting wheels being immersed in a molten metal bath and drawing out upwardly the casting strip B22D11/0628formed by more than two casting wheels B22D11/0631formed by a travelling straight surface B22D11/0634formed by a casting wheel and a co-operating shoe B22D11/0637Accessories therefor B22D11/064for supplying molten metal B22D11/0642Nozzles B22D11/0645Sealing means for the nozzle between the travelling surfaces B22D11/0648Casting surfaces B22D11/0651Casting wheels B22D11/0654Casting belts B22D11/0657Caterpillars B22D11/066Side dams B22D11/0662having electromagnetic confining means B22D11/0665for treating the casting surfaces B22D11/0668for dressing, coating or lubricating B22D11/0671for heating or drying B22D11/0674for machining B22D11/0677for guiding, supporting or tensioning the casting belts B22D11/068for cooling the cast product during its passage through the mould surfaces B22D11/0682by cooling the casting wheel B22D11/0685by cooling the casting belts B22D11/0688by cooling the caterpillars B22D11/0691by cooling the side dams B22D11/0694for peeling-off or removing the cast product B22D11/0697for casting in a protected atmosphere B22D11/07Lubricating the moulds B22D11/08Accessories for starting the casting procedure B22D11/081Starter bars B22D11/083Starter bar head; Means for connecting or detaching starter bars and ingots B22D11/085Means for storing or introducing the starter bars in the moulds B22D11/086Means for connecting cast ingots of different sizes or compositions B22D11/088Means for sealing the starter bar head in the moulds B22D11/10Supplying or treating molten metal B22D11/103Distributing the molten metal B22D11/106Shielding the molten jet B22D11/108Feeding additives, powders, or the like B22D11/11Treating the molten metal B22D11/111by using protecting powders B22D11/112by accelerated cooling B22D11/113by vacuum treating B22D11/114by using agitating or vibrating means B22D11/115by using magnetic fields B22D11/116Refining the metal B22D11/117by treating with gases B22D11/118by circulating the metal under, over or around weirs B22D11/119by filtering B22D11/12Accessories for subsequent treating or working cast stock in situ B22D11/1206for plastic shaping of strands B22D11/1213for heating or insulating strands B22D11/122using magnetic fields B22D11/1226for straightening strands B22D11/1233for marking strands B22D11/124for cooling B22D11/1241by transporting the cast stock through a liquid medium bath or a fluidized bed B22D11/1243by using cooling grids or cooling plates B22D11/1245using specific cooling agents B22D11/1246Nozzles; Spray heads B22D11/1248Means for removing cooling agent from the surface of the cast stock B22D11/126for cutting B22D11/1265having auxiliary devices for deburring B22D11/128for removing B22D11/1281Vertical removing B22D11/1282Vertical casting and curving the cast stock to the horizontal B22D11/1284Horizontal removing B22D11/1285Segment changing devices for supporting or guiding frames B22D11/1287Rolls; Lubricating, cooling or heating rolls while in use B22D11/1288Walking bar members B22D11/14Plants for continuous casting B22D11/141for vertical casting B22D11/142for curved casting B22D11/143for horizontal casting B22D11/144with a rotating mould B22D11/145for upward casting B22D11/146for inclined casting B22D11/147Multi-strand plants B22D11/148Safety arrangements B22D11/16Controlling or regulating processes or operations B22D11/161for automatic starting the casting process B22D11/163for cutting cast stock B22D11/165for the supply of casting powder B22D11/166for mould oscillation B22D11/168for adjusting the mould size or mould taper B22D11/18for pouring B22D11/181responsive to molten metal level or slag level B22D11/182by measuring temperature B22D11/183by measuring molten metal weight B22D11/185by using optical means B22D11/186by using electric, magnetic, sonic or ultrasonic means B22D11/187by using X-rays or nuclear radiation B22D11/188responsive to thickness of solidified shell B22D11/20for removing cast stock B22D11/201responsive to molten metal level or slag level B22D11/202by measuring temperature B22D11/203by measuring molten metal weight B22D11/204by using optical means B22D11/205by using electric, magnetic, sonic or ultrasonic means B22D11/206by using X-rays or nuclear radiation B22D11/207responsive to thickness of solidified shell B22D11/208for aligning the guide rolls B22D11/22for cooling cast stock or mould B22D11/225for secondary cooling