Gas- or vapour-discharge lamps

HELECTRICITY H01Electric elements H01JELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS

H01J61/00Gas- or vapour-discharge lamps

H01J61/02Details H01J61/025Associated optical elements H01J61/04Electrodes Screens Shields H01J61/045Thermic screens or reflectors H01J61/06Main electrodes H01J61/067for low-pressure discharge lamps H01J61/0672characterised by the construction of the electrode H01J61/0675characterised by the material of the electrode H01J61/0677characterised by the electron emissive material H01J61/073for high-pressure discharge lamps H01J61/0732characterised by the construction of the electrode H01J61/0735characterised by the material of the electrode H01J61/0737characterised by the electron emissive material H01J61/09Hollow cathodes H01J61/10Shields, screens, or guides for influencing the discharge H01J61/103Shields, screens or guides arranged to extend the discharge path H01J61/106using magnetic means H01J61/12Selection of substances for gas fillings Specified operating pressure or temperature H01J61/125having an halogenide as principal component H01J61/14having one or more carbon compounds as the principal constituents H01J61/16having helium, argon, neon, krypton, or xenon as the principle constituent H01J61/18having a metallic vapour as the principal constituent H01J61/20mercury vapour H01J61/22vapour of an alkali metal H01J61/24Means for obtaining or maintaining the desired pressure within the vessel H01J61/26Means for absorbing or adsorbing gas H01J61/28Means for producing, introducing, or replenishing gas or vapour during operation of the lamp H01J61/30Vessels Containers H01J61/302characterised by the material of the vessel H01J61/305Flat vessels or containers H01J61/307with folded elongated discharge path H01J61/32Special longitudinal shape H01J61/322Circular lamps H01J61/325U-shaped lamps H01J61/327"Compact"-lamps H01J61/33Special shape of cross-section H01J61/34Double-wall vessels or containers H01J61/35provided with coatings on the walls thereof Selection of materials for the coatings H01J61/36Seals between parts of vessels Seals for leading-in conductors Leading-in conductors H01J61/361Seals between parts of vessel H01J61/363End-disc seals or plug seals H01J61/365Annular seals disposed between the ends of the vessel H01J61/366Seals for leading-in conductors H01J61/368Pinched seals or analogous seals H01J61/38Devices for influencing the colour or wavelength of the light H01J61/40by light filters by coloured coatings in or on the envelope H01J61/42by transforming the wavelength of the light by luminescence H01J61/44Devices characterised by the luminescent material H01J61/46Devices characterised by the binder or other non-luminescent constituent of the luminescent material H01J61/48Separate coatings of different luminous materials H01J61/50Auxiliary parts or solid material within the envelope for reducing risk of explosion upon breakage of the envelope H01J61/52Cooling arrangements Heating arrangements Means for circulating gas or vapour within the discharge space H01J61/523Heating or cooling particular parts of the lamp H01J61/526heating or cooling of electrodes H01J61/54Igniting arrangements H01J61/541using a bimetal switch H01J61/542and an auxiliary electrode inside the vessel H01J61/544and an auxiliary electrode outside the vessel H01J61/545using an auxiliary electrode inside the vessel H01J61/547using an auxiliary electrode outside the vessel H01J61/548using radioactive means to promote ionisation H01J61/56One or more circuit elements structurally associated with the lamp H01J61/58Lamps with both liquid anode and liquid cathode H01J61/60Lamps in which the discharge space is substantially filled with mercury before ignition H01J61/62Lamps with gaseous cathode H01J61/64Cathode glow lamps H01J61/66having one or more specially shaped cathodes H01J61/68Lamps in which the main discharge is between parts of a current-carrying guide H01J61/70Lamps with low-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure < 400 Torr H01J61/72having a main light-emitting filling of easily vaporisable metal vapour H01J61/74having a main light-emitting filling of difficult vaporisable metal vapour H01J61/76having a filling of permanent gas or gases only H01J61/78with cold cathode with cathode heated only by discharge H01J61/80Lamps suitable only for intermittent operation H01J61/82Lamps with high-pressure unconstricted discharge having a cold pressure > 400 Torr H01J61/822High-pressure mercury lamps H01J61/825High-pressure sodium lamps H01J61/827Metal halide arc lamps H01J61/84Lamps with discharge constricted by high pressure H01J61/86with discharge additionally constricted by close spacing of electrodes H01J61/88with discharge additionally constricted by envelope H01J61/90Lamps suitable only for intermittent operation H01J61/92Lamps with more than one main discharge path H01J61/94Paths producing light of different wavelenghts H01J61/95Lamps with control electrode for varying intensity or wavelength of the light H01J61/96Lamps with light-emitting discharge path and separately-heated incandescent body within a common envelope H01J61/98Lamps with closely spaced electrodes heated to incandescence by light-emitting discharge