The present invention relates to a composite heat transfer member and a method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member. More specifically, the present invention relates to, for example, a composite heat transfer member which can efficiently transfer heat from a heating element and is particularly suitable as a heat conduction member, and a method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member.
Priority is claimed on Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-093718, filed May 17, 2019, the content of which is incorporated herein by reference.
As a heat spreader which transfers heat generated from an electronic component or an electronic device, a copper plate or a carbonaceous material in which graphene and graphite particles are laminated in one direction (hereinafter, referred to as carbonaceous material) is used.
Of these, the carbonaceous material has a higher thermal conductivity than the copper plate and has a small specific gravity, and is therefore useful as a heat spreader since it can be reduced in size and weight.
In general, the above-described carbonaceous material is brittle. Accordingly, there is concern that the carbonaceous material may be damaged by stress when it is brought into contact with a heat source such as an electronic component or an electronic device or attached to another member.
Therefore, for example, as shown in Patent Documents 1 and 2, a composite heat transfer member is used in which the above-described carbonaceous material is covered with a metal such as copper, nickel, or aluminum to increase the strength of the whole material.
In the above-described Patent Documents 1 and 2, in the formation of a metal layer on a surface of the carbonaceous material, a titanium layer is formed on the surface of the carbonaceous material, and a nickel layer or a copper layer is formed on the titanium layer. That is, the joining strength between the carbonaceous material and the metal layer is secured by interposing the titanium layer as an active metal.
However, since titanium has a relatively low thermal conductivity of 17 W/(m·K), the titanium layer interposed between the carbonaceous material and the metal layer provides heat resistance, and there is concern that heat may not be efficiently conducted in a thickness direction.
The present invention is contrived in view of the above-described circumstances, and an object thereof is to provide a composite heat transfer member in which a plate of a carbonaceous material formed of a composite containing graphene and graphite particles and a metal cast body are strongly adhered to each other to efficiently conduct heat, and a method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member.
In order to solve such a problem and achieve the object, a composite heat transfer member according to the present invention is provided having a plate and a metal cast body covering a surface of the plate, in which the plate is made of a carbonaceous material formed of a composite containing graphite particles and graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene.
According to the composite heat transfer member having the above configuration, since the surface of a plate formed of a carbonaceous material formed of a composite containing graphite particles and graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene is covered with a metal cast body, the cast body is in surface contact with the surface of the plate, and due to a difference in shrinkage between the cast body and the plate during the formation of the cast body, the cast body presses the surface of the plate.
Accordingly, the cast body is strongly adhered to the surface of the plate. Therefore, the heat resistance at a joining interface between the cast body and the plate is reduced, and the thermal conductivity of the composite heat transfer member can thus be improved.
Here, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, it is preferable that the carbonaceous material contain graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene, and flat graphite particles, and have a structure in which the flat graphite particles are laminated with the graphene aggregates as a binder so that basal surfaces of the graphite particles overlap with one another, and the basal surfaces of the flat graphite particles are oriented in one direction.
In this case, since the carbonaceous material has a structure in which the graphene aggregates and the graphite particles are laminated as described above, the thermal conductivity in a direction in which the basal surfaces of the graphite particles expand is increased, and heat can be efficiently transferred.
In addition, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, it is preferable that the plate be provided with a through-hole, and a part of the cast body fill the through-hole.
In this case, since a part of the cast body fills the through-hole, the plate and the cast body can be more firmly joined. In addition, heat can be more efficiently transferred in a thickness direction of the plate by the cast body filling the through-hole.
Furthermore, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, the plate may be accommodated in a metal tray, and the cast body may cover at least an exposed surface of the plate.
In this case, since the plate made of a carbonaceous material is accommodated in the tray, it is possible to prevent the relatively brittle plate from being damaged during handling. In addition, since the cast body covers at least the exposed surface of the plate, the cast body is strongly adhered to the surface of the plate, the heat resistance at a joining interface between the cast body and the plate is reduced, and the thermal conductivity of the composite heat transfer member can thus be improved.
In addition, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, it is preferable that the plate be provided with a through-hole, the tray be provided with an opening portion communicating with the through-hole of the plate, and a part of the cast body fill the opening portion and the through-hole.
In this case, since a part of the cast body fills the opening portion of the tray and the through-hole of the plate, the tray, the plate, and the cast body can be more firmly joined.
Furthermore, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, the tray and the cast body may be made of the same metal.
In this case, the tray and the cast body are integrated, and the plate made of a carbonaceous material can be reliably covered.
In addition, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, fins may be provided on the cast body.
In this case, by providing the fins on the cast body covering the surface of the plate, heat radiation characteristics can be improved.
Furthermore, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, the cast body may be made of pure magnesium, a magnesium alloy, pure aluminum, or an aluminum alloy.
In this case, since pure magnesium, a magnesium alloy, pure aluminum, or an aluminum alloy has a small specific gravity and an excellent heat conduction property, the composite heat transfer member can be reduced in weight and can be improved in heat conduction property.
In addition, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, the carbonaceous material constituting the plate may have a structure in which the graphite particles and the graphene aggregates are laminated in a direction orthogonal to a thickness direction of the plate.
In this case, the heat conduction property in the thickness direction of the plate is particularly excellent, and heat can be efficiently transferred from one surface of the plate to the other surface side.
Furthermore, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, the plate may have a first laminate formed of a carbonaceous material having a structure in which the graphite particles and the graphene aggregates are laminated in a first direction orthogonal to the thickness direction of the plate, and a second laminate formed of a carbonaceous material having a structure in which the graphite particles and the graphene aggregates are laminated in a second direction parallel to the thickness direction of the plate, and the first laminate and the second laminate may be in contact with each other in a third direction orthogonal to the first direction and the second direction.
In this case, since the direction in which the thermal conductivity is high differs between the first laminate and the second laminate, heat can be spread over the entire surface, and heat radiation characteristics can be further improved.
In addition, in the composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, a third laminate formed of a carbonaceous material having a structure in which the graphite particles and the graphene aggregates are laminated in the third direction may be provided, the cast body may cover a surface of the third laminate, and the third laminate may be in contact with the first laminate and erected from the first laminate in the second direction.
In this case, heat can be efficiently transferred from the first laminate to the second laminate via the third laminate.
A method of manufacturing a composite heat transfer member according to the present invention has a step of disposing, in a cavity of a casting mold, a plate made of a carbonaceous material formed of a composite containing graphite particles and graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene and a step of supplying a molten or semi-molten metal into the cavity to form a cast body of the metal, thereby covering the plate with the cast body.
According to the method of manufacturing a composite heat transfer member having the above configuration, the cast body is in surface contact with a surface of the plate, and due to a difference in shrinkage between the cast body and the plate during the formation of the cast body, the cast body presses the surface of the plate. Accordingly, the cast body is strongly adhered to the surface of the plate. Therefore, the heat resistance at a joining interface between the cast body and the plate is reduced, and the thermal conductivity of the composite heat transfer member can thus be improved.
Here, in the method of manufacturing a composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, it is preferable that the carbonaceous material contain graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene, and flat graphite particles, and have a structure in which the flat graphite particles are laminated with the graphene aggregates as a binder so that basal surfaces of the graphite particles overlap with one another, and the basal surfaces of the flat graphite particles are oriented in one direction.
In this case, since the carbonaceous material has a structure in which the graphene aggregates and the graphite particles are laminated as described above, the thermal conductivity in a direction in which the basal surfaces of the graphite particles expand is increased, and heat can be efficiently transferred.
In addition, in the method of manufacturing a composite heat transfer member according to the present invention, in the step of disposing the plate in the cavity, the plate may be disposed in the cavity in a state in which the plate is accommodated in a metal tray, and in the step of covering a surface of the plate with the cast body, an upper surface of the plate and an outer side surface of the tray may be covered with the cast body.
In this case, since the plate made of a carbonaceous material is accommodated in the tray, it is possible to prevent the relatively brittle plate from being damaged during manufacturing.
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a composite heat transfer member in which a plate of a carbonaceous material formed of a composite containing graphene and graphite particles and a metal cast body are strongly adhered to each other to efficiently conduct heat, and a method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member.
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are specifically described in order to better understand the gist of the present invention, and do not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified. In addition, in the drawings used in the following description, in order to make the characteristics of the present invention easy to understand, the main parts may be shown in an enlarged manner, and dimensional ratios and the like of the respective constituent elements are not necessarily identical to the actual ratios and the like.
A composite heat transfer member according to this embodiment is applied to copper water cooling jackets and cooling water piping for a heat-generating component such as a central processing unit (CPU) of a server, base substrates for a power module, aluminum heat sinks for an LED head lamp for a vehicle, heat sinks for a mobile phone base station, and the like.
First, a composite heat transfer member 1 according to a first embodiment of the present invention will be described.
As shown in
The carbonaceous material constituting the plate 10 is formed of a composite containing graphite particles and graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene. In this embodiment, as shown in
The flat graphite particles have a basal surface on which a carbon hexagonal net surface appears and an edge surface on which an end portion of the carbon hexagonal net surface appears. As the flat graphite particles, scaly graphite, scale-like graphite, earthy graphite, flaky graphite, kish graphite, pyrolytic graphite, highly-oriented pyrolytic graphite, and the like can be used.
Here, the average particle size of the graphite particles viewed from the basal surface is preferably within a range of 10 μm or greater and 1,000 μm or less, and more preferably within a range of 50 μm or greater and 800 μm or less. The heat conduction property is improved by adjusting the average particle size of the graphite particles within the above range.
Furthermore, the thickness of the graphite particles is preferably within a range of 1 μm or greater and 50 μm or less, and more preferably within a range of 1 μm or greater and 20 μm or less. The orientation of the graphite particles is appropriately adjusted by adjusting the thickness of the graphite particles within the above range.
In addition, by adjusting the thickness of the graphite particles within a range of 1/1,000 to ½ of the particle size viewed from the basal surface, an excellent heat conduction property is obtained and the orientation of the graphite particles is appropriately adjusted.
The graphene aggregates are a deposit of a single layer or multiple layers of graphene, and the number of multiple layers of graphene laminated is, for example, 100 layers or less, and preferably 50 layers or less. The graphene aggregates can be produced by, for example, dripping a graphene dispersion obtained by dispersing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene in a solvent containing a lower alcohol or water onto filter paper, and depositing the graphene while separating the solvent.
Here, the average particle size of the graphene aggregates is preferably within a range of 1 μm or greater and 1,000 μm or less. The heat conduction property is improved by adjusting the average particle size of the graphene aggregates within the above range.
Furthermore, the thickness of the graphene aggregates is preferably within a range of 0.05 μm or greater and less than 50 μm. The strength of the carbonaceous member is secured by adjusting the thickness of the graphene aggregates within the above range.
Here, in this embodiment, the plate 10 has graphite particles and graphene aggregates laminated in a direction orthogonal to a thickness direction of the plate (Z direction in
As described above, in a case where the edge surfaces of the graphite particles are directed to the main surface of the plate 10, relatively large irregularities are formed on the main surface of the plate 10.
In addition, as described above, since the basal surfaces of the laminated graphite particles are disposed so as to extend in the thickness direction of the plate 10, the heat conduction property in the thickness direction is excellent.
The cast body 20 is formed by cast-covering the surface of the plate 10 with a metal, as will be described later.
Here, the metal constituting the cast body 20 is not particularly limited, and is preferably pure magnesium, a magnesium alloy, pure aluminum, or an aluminum alloy having a small specific gravity and an excellent heat conduction property. In this embodiment, a magnesium alloy constitutes the cast body.
In the composite heat transfer member 1 according to this embodiment, as shown in
That is, the magnesium alloy constituting the cast body 20 shrinks when the temperature is reduced from the solidification temperature to room temperature. At this time, the carbonaceous material constituting the plate 10 hardly shrinks or slightly expands.
As described above, in a case where a difference occurs in shrinkage between the cast body 20 and the plate 10 due to a difference in the thermal expansion coefficient, the cast body 20 presses the surface of the plate 10. Accordingly, the plate 10 and the cast body 20 are strongly adhered to each other. In
Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member 1 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to
First, as shown in
Next, as shown in
Then, as shown in
By finishing to a predetermined size by machining or the like, the composite heat transfer member 1 according to this embodiment is manufactured.
According to the composite heat transfer member 1 of this embodiment configured as described above and the method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member 1, since the surface of the plate 10 made of a carbonaceous material formed of a composite containing graphite particles and graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene is covered with the metal cast body 20, the cast body 20 is in surface contact with the surface of the plate 10, and due to a difference in shrinkage between the cast body 20 and the plate 10 during the solidification of the metal constituting the cast body 20, the cast body 20 presses the surface of the plate.
Accordingly, the cast body 20 is strongly adhered to the surface of the plate 10. Therefore, the heat resistance at a joining interface between the cast body 20 and the plate 10 is reduced, and the thermal conductivity of the composite heat transfer member 1 can thus be improved.
In this embodiment, since the carbonaceous member constituting the plate 10 contains graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene, and flat graphite particles, and has a structure in which the flat graphite particles are laminated with the graphene aggregates as a binder so that the basal surfaces of the graphite particles overlap with one another, and the basal surfaces of the flat graphite particles are oriented in one direction, the thermal conductivity in a direction in which the basal surfaces of the graphite particles expand is increased, and heat can be efficiently transferred.
In addition, in this embodiment, in a case where the carbonaceous material constituting the plate 10 has a structure in which the graphite particles and the graphene aggregates are laminated in a direction orthogonal to the thickness direction of the plate 10, the heat conduction property in the thickness direction of the plate 10 is particularly excellent, and heat can be efficiently transferred from one surface of the plate 10 to the other surface side.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, in a case where the cast body 20 is made of pure magnesium, a magnesium alloy, pure aluminum, or an aluminum alloy, the composite heat transfer member 1 can be reduced in weight and can be improved in heat conduction property.
The composite heat transfer member 1 according to this embodiment may have a structure in which, as shown in
With such a configuration, the plate 10 and the cast body 20 can be more firmly joined. In addition, heat is efficiently transferred in the thickness direction of the plate 10 by the cast body 20 filling the through-hole 15.
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. The same members as those in the first embodiment will be denoted by the same reference signs, and detailed description thereof will be omitted.
As shown in
In this embodiment, as shown in
As shown in
The metal constituting the tray 30 is not particularly limited, and pure magnesium, a magnesium alloy, pure aluminum, or an aluminum alloy can be applied. In this embodiment, the tray 30 is made of a magnesium alloy containing aluminum and zinc and having a thermal conductivity of 51 to 100 W/(m·K).
Here, the cast body 20 is configured to cover at least the exposed surface of the plate 10.
In this embodiment, the cast body 20 is configured to cover the exposed surface of the plate 10 and the outer side surface of the tray 30. In addition, as shown in
Hereinafter, a method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member 101 according to this embodiment will be described with reference to
First, as shown in
Next, as shown in
Then, as shown in
By finishing to a predetermined size by machining or the like, the composite heat transfer member 101 according to this embodiment is manufactured.
According to the composite heat transfer member 101 of this embodiment configured as described above and the method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member 101, since the plate 10 of a carbonaceous material formed of a composite containing graphite particles and graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene is accommodated in the metal tray 30, and the exposed surface of the plate 10 and the side surface of the tray 30 are covered with the metal cast body 20, the cast body 20 is in surface contact with the surface of the plate 10, and due to a difference in shrinkage between the cast body 20 and the plate 10 during the solidification of the metal constituting the cast body 20, the cast body 20 presses the surface of the plate.
Accordingly, the cast body 20 is strongly adhered to the surface of the plate 10, the heat resistance at a joining interface between the cast body 20 and the plate 10 is reduced, and the thermal conductivity of the composite heat transfer member 101 can thus be improved.
In this embodiment, since the carbonaceous member constituting the plate 10 contains graphene aggregates formed by depositing a single layer or multiple layers of graphene, and flat graphite particles, and has a structure in which the flat graphite particles are laminated with the graphene aggregates as a binder so that the basal surfaces of the graphite particles overlap with one another, and the basal surfaces of the flat graphite particles are oriented in one direction, the thermal conductivity in a direction in which the basal surfaces of the graphite particles expand is increased, and heat can be efficiently transferred.
In addition, in this embodiment, since the plate 10 made of a carbonaceous material is accommodated in the metal tray 30, it is possible to prevent the relatively brittle plate 10 from being damaged during handling. Therefore, it is possible to stably manufacture the composite heat transfer member 101 according to this embodiment.
Furthermore, in this embodiment, since the projecting portion 26 of the cast body 20 is fitted into the recessed portion 36 of the tray 30, it is possible to prevent the cast body 20 from coining off the tray 30.
The composite heat transfer member according to this embodiment may have a structure in which, as shown in
With such a configuration, the plate 10, the tray 30, and the cast body 20 can be more firmly joined. In addition, heat is efficiently transferred in the thickness direction of the plate 10 by the cast body 20 filling the through-hole 15 and the opening portion 35.
As shown in
The embodiments of the present invention have been described as above, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and can be appropriately changed without departing from the technical ideas of the present invention.
Instead of the plate described in this embodiment, a plate having a region where graphite particles and graphene are laminated in different directions may be used. For example, a plate 210 shown in
In this plate 210, as shown in
In addition, as in a composite heat transfer member 301 shown in
As shown in
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a composite heat transfer member in which a plate of a carbonaceous material formed of a composite containing graphene and graphite particles and a metal cast body are strongly adhered to each other to efficiently conduct heat, and a method of manufacturing the composite heat transfer member.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2019-093718 | May 2019 | JP | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/JP2020/019477 | 5/15/2020 | WO | 00 |