COMPOSITIONS AND METHODS FOR TREATING SENSORINEURAL HEARING LOSS USING OTOFERLIN DUAL VECTOR SYSTEMS

SEQUENCE LISTING

The instant application contains a Sequence Listing which has been submitted electronically in XML file format and is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety. Said XML copy, created on Aug. 8, 2023, is named 51124-042005_Sequence_Listing_8_8_23.xml and is 121,836 bytes in size.

FIELD OF THE INVENTION

Described herein are compositions and methods for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss and auditory neuropathy, particularly forms of the disease that are associated with mutations in otoferlin (OTOF), by way of OTOF gene therapy. The disclosure provides dual vector systems that include a first nucleic acid vector that contains a polynucleotide encoding an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and a second nucleic acid vector that contains a polynucleotide encoding a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein. These vectors can be used to increase the expression of or provide wild-type OTOF to a subject, such as a human subject suffering from sensorineural hearing loss.

BACKGROUND

Sensorineural hearing loss is a type of hearing loss caused by defects in the cells of the inner ear or the neural pathways that project from the inner ear to the brain. Although sensorineural hearing loss is often acquired, and can be caused by noise, infections, head trauma, ototoxic drugs, or aging, there are also congenital forms of sensorineural hearing loss associated with autosomal recessive mutations. One such form of autosomal recessive sensorineural hearing loss is associated with mutation of the otoferlin (OTOF) gene, which is implicated in prelingual nonsyndromic hearing loss. In recent years, efforts to treat hearing loss have increasingly focused on gene therapy as a possible solution; however, OTOF is too large to allow for treatment using standard gene therapy approaches. There is a need for new therapeutics to treat OTOF-related sensorineural hearing loss.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating sensorineural hearing loss or auditory neuropathy in a subject, such as a human subject. The compositions and methods of the disclosure pertain to dual vector systems for the delivery of a polynucleotide encoding an otoferlin (OTOF) protein to a subject having or at risk of developing sensorineural hearing loss or auditory neuropathy (e.g., a subject with a mutation in OTOF). For example, using the compositions and methods described herein, a first nucleic acid vector and a second nucleic acid vector that each encode a portion of a functional OTOF protein may be delivered to a subject by way of viral gene therapy. The compositions and methods described herein may also be used to increase expression of a WT OTOF protein in a cochlear hair cell (e.g., an inner hair cell).

In a first aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a myosin 15 (Myo15) promoter, a vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) promoter, and a fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an otoferlin (OTOF) protein; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide partially overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and, when introduced into a mammalian cell, the two first and second nucleic acid vectors undergo homologous recombination to form a recombined nucleic acid that encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a myosin 15 (Myo15) promoter, a vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) promoter, and a fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an otoferlin (OTOF) protein; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide partially overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and, when introduced into a mammalian cell, the two first and second nucleic acid vectors undergo homologous recombination to form a recombined nucleic acid that encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myosin 7A (Myo7A) promoter, a Myosin 6 (Myo6) promoter, a POU Class 4 Homeobox 3 (POU4F3) promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide partially overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and, when introduced into a mammalian cell, the two first and second nucleic acid vectors undergo homologous recombination to form a recombined nucleic acid that encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myosin 7A (Myo7A) promoter, a Myosin 6 (Myo6) promoter, a POU Class 4 Homeobox 3 (POU4F3) promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide partially overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and, when introduced into a mammalian cell, the two first and second nucleic acid vectors undergo homologous recombination to form a recombined nucleic acid that encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second nucleic acid vectors are adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide partially overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and, when introduced into a mammalian cell, the two first and second nucleic acid vectors undergo homologous recombination to form a recombined nucleic acid that encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide partially overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and, when introduced into a mammalian cell, the two first and second nucleic acid vectors undergo homologous recombination to form a recombined nucleic acid that encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide partially overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and, when introduced into a mammalian cell, the two first and second nucleic acid vectors undergo homologous recombination to form a recombined nucleic acid that encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide partially overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and, when introduced into a mammalian cell, the two first and second nucleic acid vectors undergo homologous recombination to form a recombined nucleic acid that encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second coding polynucleotides that encode the OTOF protein (e.g., the human OTOF protein) do not contain introns.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein is a mammalian OTOF protein.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein is a murine OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the murine OTOF protein has at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% identity) to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8, or SEQ ID NO: 9. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein is a human OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the human OTOF protein has at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% identity) to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO: 4, or SEQ ID NO: 5. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV1. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV9. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV6. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is Anc80. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is Anc80L65. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is DJ/9. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is 7m8. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV2. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is PHP.B. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV8. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second nucleic acid vectors have the same serotype (e.g., both the first and second nucleic acid vector are AAV vectors having an AAV1 serotype or an AAV9 serotype). In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second nucleic acid vectors have different serotypes (e.g., the first nucleic acid vector is an AAV having an AAV1 serotype, and the second nucleic acid vector is an AAV having an AAV9 serotype).

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, each of the first and second coding polynucleotides encode about half of the OTOF protein sequence.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, wherein the first coding polynucleotide overlaps with the second coding polynucleotide by at least 1 kilobase (kb).

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the region of overlap between the first and second coding polynucleotides is centered at an OTOF exon boundary. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide encodes an N-terminal portion of the OTOF protein containing the OTOF N-terminus to 500 kb 3′ of the exon boundary at the center of the overlap region; and the second coding polynucleotide encodes a C-terminal portion of the OTOF protein containing 500 kb 5′ of the exon boundary at the center of the overlap region to the OTOF C-terminus.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the exon boundary at the center of the overlap region is not within a portion of the first coding polynucleotide or second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C2 domain.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the promoter is a Myo15 promoter.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the promoter is a long promoter (e.g., a promoter that is longer than 1 kb, e.g., 1.1 kb, 1.25 kb, 1.5 kb, 1.75 kb, 2 kb, 2.5 kb, 3 kb or longer). In some embodiments, the long promoter is a Myo15 promoter that is longer than 1 kb (e.g., a Myo15 promoter comprising or consisting of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 36).

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the exon boundary is selected such that the first coding polynucleotide encodes the entire C2C domain and the second coding polynucleotide encodes the entire C2D domain. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide contains exons 1-21 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and 500 kb 3′ of the exon 21/22 boundary; and the second coding polynucleotide contains 500 kb 5′ of the exon 21/22 boundary and exons 22-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first nucleic acid vector and the second nucleic acid vector do not contain OTOF untranslated regions (UTRs).

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the promoter is a short promoter (e.g., a promoter that is 1 kb or shorter, e.g., approximately 1 kb, 950 bp, 900 bp, 850 bp, 800 bp, 750 bp, 700 bp, 650 bp, 600 bp, 550 bp 500 bp, 450 bp, 400 bp, 350 bp, 300 bp or shorter). In some embodiments, the short promoter is a CAG promoter. In some embodiments, the short promoter is a CMV promoter. In some embodiments, the short promoter is a Myo15 promoter that is 1 kb or shorter.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the exon boundary is within a portion of the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide contains exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and 500 kb 3′ of the exon 24/25 boundary; and the second coding polynucleotide contains 500 kb 5′ of the exon 24/25 boundary and exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second nucleic acid vectors include OTOF UTRs (e.g., full-length 3′ and 5′ UTRs).

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the exon boundary is selected such that the first coding polynucleotide encodes the entire C2D domain and the second coding polynucleotide encodes the entire C2E domain. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide contains exons 1-28 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and 500 kb 3′ of the exon 28/29 boundary; and the second coding polynucleotide contains 500 kb 5′ of the exon 28/29 boundary and exons 29-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the second nucleic acid vector contains a full-length OTOF 3′ UTR.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a Myo15 promoter, a VGLUT3 promoter, and an FGF8 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein, and a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor signal sequence, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, and wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a Myo15 promoter, a VGLUT3 promoter, and an FGF8 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein, and a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor signal sequence, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, and wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a Myo15 promoter, a VGLUT3 promoter, and an FGF8 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein, a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide, and a recombinogenic region positioned 3′ of the splice donor signal sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second recombinogenic region, a splice acceptor signal sequence positioned 3′ of the second recombinogenic region, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, and wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a Myo15 promoter, a VGLUT3 promoter, and an FGF8 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein, a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide, and a recombinogenic region positioned 3′ of the splice donor signal sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second recombinogenic region, a splice acceptor signal sequence positioned 3′ of the second recombinogenic region, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, and wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein, and a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor signal sequence, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, and wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein, and a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor signal sequence, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, and wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein, and a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor signal sequence, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein, and a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor signal sequence, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein, and a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor signal sequence, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein, and a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor signal sequence, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein, a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide, and a recombinogenic region positioned 3′ of the splice donor signal sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second recombinogenic region, a splice acceptor signal sequence positioned 3′ of the second recombinogenic region, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, and wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein, a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide, and a recombinogenic region positioned 3′ of the splice donor signal sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second recombinogenic region, a splice acceptor signal sequence positioned 3′ of the second recombinogenic region, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, and wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein, a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide, and a recombinogenic region positioned 3′ of the splice donor signal sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second recombinogenic region, a splice acceptor signal sequence positioned 3′ of the second recombinogenic region, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter selected from the group consisting of a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, a Myo15 promoter, a Myo7A promoter, a Myo6 promoter, a POU4F3 promoter, an OTOF promoter, an FGF8 promoter, and a VGLUT3 promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein, a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide, and a recombinogenic region positioned 3′ of the splice donor signal sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second recombinogenic region, a splice acceptor signal sequence positioned 3′ of the second recombinogenic region, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a composition comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein, a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide, and a recombinogenic region positioned 3′ of the splice donor signal sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second recombinogenic region, a splice acceptor signal sequence positioned 3′ of the second recombinogenic region, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In another aspect, the invention provides a dual vector system comprising: a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter operably linked to a first coding polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein, a splice donor signal sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the first coding polynucleotide, and a recombinogenic region positioned 3′ of the splice donor signal sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a second recombinogenic region, a splice acceptor signal sequence positioned 3′ of the second recombinogenic region, a second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of a human OTOF protein positioned at the 3′ end of the splice acceptor signal sequence, and a poly(A) sequence positioned at the 3′ end of the second coding polynucleotide; wherein the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide do not overlap, wherein neither the first nor second nucleic acid vector encodes a full-length OTOF protein, and wherein the first and second nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors having a serotype selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, 7m8, PHP.B, PHP.eb, and PHP.S.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second coding polynucleotides that encode the OTOF protein (e.g., the human OTOF protein) do not contain introns.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein is a mammalian OTOF protein.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein is a murine OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the murine OTOF protein has at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% identity) to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6, SEQ ID NO: 7, SEQ ID NO: 8, or SEQ ID NO: 9. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the murine OTOF protein comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 6.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein is a human OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the human OTOF protein has at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% identity) to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO: 4, or SEQ ID NO: 5. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the human OTOF protein comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

In some embodiments, of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second recombinogenic regions are the same. In some embodiments, of any of the foregoing aspects, the recombinogenic region is an AP gene fragment or an F1 phage AK gene. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the recombinogenic region is an F1 phage AK gene. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the F1 phage AK gene comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the recombinogenic region is an AP gene fragment. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the AP gene fragment comprises or consists of the sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs 39-44.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first nucleic acid vector further includes a degradation signal sequence positioned 3′ of the recombinogenic region; and the second nucleic acid vector further includes a degradation signal sequence positioned between the recombinogenic region and the splice acceptor signal sequence. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the degradation signal sequence comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, each of the first and second coding polynucleotides encode about half of the OTOF protein sequence.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the division between the first and second coding polynucleotides is at an OTOF exon boundary.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF exon boundary is not within a portion of the first coding polynucleotide or second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C2 domain.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the exon boundary is selected such that the first coding polynucleotide encodes the entire C2D domain and the second coding polynucleotide encodes the entire C2E domain. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide encodes exons 1-26 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and the second coding polynucleotide encodes exons 27-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide encodes exons 1-28 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and the second coding polynucleotide encodes exons 29-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second nucleic acid vectors contain OTOF UTRs (e.g., full-length 3′ and 5′ UTRs).

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the promoter is a Myo15 promoter.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF exon boundary is not within a portion of the first coding polynucleotide or second coding polynucleotide that encodes a C2 domain.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the exon boundary is selected such that the first coding polynucleotide encodes the entire C2C domain and the second coding polynucleotide encodes the entire C2D domain. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide encodes exons 1-19 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and the second coding polynucleotide encodes exons 20-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide encodes exons 1-20 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and the second coding polynucleotide encodes exons 21-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first nucleic acid vector and the second nucleic acid vector do not contain OTOF UTRs.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the exon boundary is within a portion of the first coding polynucleotide and the second coding polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide encodes exons 1-25 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and the second coding polynucleotide encodes exons 26-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first coding polynucleotide encodes exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein and the second coding polynucleotide encodes exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the OTOF protein. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the second nucleic acid vector contains a full-length OTOF 3′ UTR.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the splice donor sequence comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the splice acceptor sequence comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21.

In some embodiments, the first and second nucleic acid vectors contain inverted terminal repeats (ITRs). In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the ITRs are AAV2 ITRs.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the poly(A) sequence is a bovine growth hormone (bGH) poly(A) signal sequence.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the second nucleic acid vector contains a Woodchuck Hepatitis Virus Posttranscriptional Regulatory Element (WPRE). In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the WPRE comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the WPRE comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 38.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the composition contains a pharmaceutically acceptable excipient.

In another aspect, the invention provides a kit containing a composition of the invention.

In another aspect, the invention provides a method of increasing OTOF expression in a subject in need thereof by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition of the invention.

In another aspect, the invention provides a method of treating a subject having or at risk of developing sensorineural hearing loss by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition of the invention.

In another aspect, the invention provides a method of treating a subject having or at risk of developing auditory neuropathy by administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of a composition of the invention.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the subject has a mutation in OTOF.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the subject has been identified as having a mutation in OTOF.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the method further includes the step of identifying the subject as having a mutation in OTOF prior to administering the composition or the pair of nucleic acid vectors.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the method further includes the step of evaluating the hearing of the subject prior to administering the composition or the pair of nucleic acid vectors.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the composition or the pair of nucleic acid vectors is administered locally to the ear. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the nucleic acid vectors are administered concurrently. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the nucleic acid vectors are administered sequentially.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the method increases OTOF expression in a cochlear hair cell. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the cochlear hair cell is an inner hair cell.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the subject is a mammal. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the subject is a human.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the method further includes the step of evaluating the hearing of the subject after administering the composition or the pair of nucleic acid vectors. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the method further includes the step of evaluating OTOF expression after administering the composition or the pair of nucleic acid vectors.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the composition or the pair of nucleic acid vectors increases OTOF expression in a cell (e.g., a cochlear hair cell), improves hearing (e.g., as assessed by standard tests, such as audiometry, auditory brainstem response (ABR), electrochocleography (ECOG), and otoacoustic emissions), prevents or reduces hearing loss, delays the development of hearing loss, slows the progression of hearing loss, improves speech discrimination, or improves hair cell function.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the composition or the pair of nucleic acid vectors is administered in an amount sufficient to increase OTOF expression in a cochlear hair cell, prevent or reduce hearing loss, delay the development of hearing loss, slow the progression of hearing loss, improve hearing (e.g., as assessed by standard tests, such as audiometry, ABR, ECOG, and otoacoustic emissions), improve speech discrimination, or improve hair cell function.

In another aspect, the invention provides a method of increasing OTOF expression in a cell by introducing a composition of the invention into the cell.

In another aspect, the invention provides a method of increasing OTOF expression in a cell by introducing a pair of nucleic acid vectors listed in Table 4 into the cell.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the cell is a cochlear hair cell. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the cell is an inner hair cell.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the cell is a mammalian cell. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the cell is a human cell.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein encoded by the pair of nucleic acid vectors has at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 100% identity) to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, SEQ ID NO: 2, SEQ ID NO:3, SEQ ID NO: 4, or SEQ ID NO: 5. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the OTOF protein encoded by the pair of nucleic acid vectors comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the nucleic acid vectors are AAV vectors. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is selected from the group consisting of AAV1, AAV2, AAV3, AAV4, AAV5, AAV6, AAV7, AAV8, AAV9, AAV10, AAV11, rh10, rh39, rh43, rh74, Anc80, Anc80L65, DJ/8, DJ/9, or 7m8. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV1. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV9. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV6. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is Anc80. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is Anc80L65. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is DJ/9. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is 7m8. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV2. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is PHP.B. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the serotype of the AAV vectors is AAV8. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second nucleic acid vectors have the same serotype (e.g., both the first and second nucleic acid vector are AAV vectors having an AAV1 serotype or an AAV9 serotype). In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first and second nucleic acid vectors have different serotypes (e.g., the first nucleic acid vector is an AAV having an AAV1 serotype, and the second nucleic acid vector is an AAV having an AAV9 serotype).

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the vectors contain AAV2 ITRs.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the second nucleic acid vector in the pair of nucleic acid vectors contains a WPRE. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the WPRE comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 23. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the WPRE comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 38.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the nucleic acid vectors are overlapping dual vectors.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the nucleic acid vectors are trans-splicing dual vectors.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the nucleic acid vectors are dual hybrid vectors.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the recombinogenic region in the dual hybrid vectors is an AP gene fragment or an F1 phage AK gene. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the F1 phage AK gene comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 19. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the AP gene fragment comprises or consists of the sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs 39-44. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the first nucleic acid vector in the pair of nucleic acid vectors further contains a degradation signal sequence positioned 3′ of the recombinogenic region; and the second nucleic acid vector in the pair of nucleic acid vectors further contains a degradation signal sequence positioned between the recombinogenic region and the splice acceptor sequence. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the degradation signal sequence comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 22.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the splice donor sequence in the first nucleic acid vector comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 20.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the splice acceptor sequence in the second nucleic acid vector comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 21.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the Myo15 promoter comprises or consists of a first region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 24 or a functional portion or derivative thereof including the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26 and/or SEQ ID NO: 27, operably linked to a second region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 25 or a functional portion or derivative thereof including the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 and/or SEQ ID NO: 32, optionally containing a linker including one to one hundred nucleotides (e.g., 1-5, 1-10, 1-15, 1-20, 1-25, 1-30, 1-35, 1-40, 1-45, 1-50, 1-60, 1-70, 1-80, 1-90, 10-20, 10-30, 10-40, 10-50, 10-60, 10-70, 10-80, 10-90, 10-100, 20-30, 20-40, 20-50, 20-60, 20-70, 20-80, 20-90, or 20-100 nucleotides) between the first region and the second region. In some embodiments, the first region comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24. In some embodiments, the second region comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the Myo15 promoter comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 36.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the Myo15 promoter comprises or consists of a first region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 25 or a functional portion or derivative thereof including the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 and/or SEQ ID NO: 32, operably linked to a second region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 24 or a functional portion or derivative thereof including the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26 and/or SEQ ID NO: 27, optionally containing a linker including one to one hundred nucleotides (e.g., 1-5, 1-10, 1-15, 1-20, 1-25, 1-30, 1-35, 1-40, 1-45, 1-50, 1-60, 1-70, 1-80, 1-90, 10-20, 10-30, 10-40, 10-50, 10-60, 10-70, 10-80, 10-90, 10-100, 20-30, 20-40, 20-50, 20-60, 20-70, 20-80, 20-90, or 20-100 nucleotides) between the first region and the second region. In some embodiments, the first region comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25. In some embodiments, the second region comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the Myo15 promoter comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 37.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the Myo15 promoter comprises or consists of a region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 24 or a functional portion or derivative thereof including the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26 and/or SEQ ID NO: 27. In some embodiments, the region comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the Myo15 promoter comprises or consists of a region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to SEQ ID NO: 25 or a functional portion or derivative thereof including the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 and/or SEQ ID NO: 32. In some embodiments, the region comprises or consists of the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 24 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 24 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 24 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26 and the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 24 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 28. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 24 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 29. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 24 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 30.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 25 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 25 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 25 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 and the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 25 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 33. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 25 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 34. In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 25 contains the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 35.

In some embodiments of any of the foregoing aspects, the Myo15 promoter induces transgene expression when operably linked to a transgene and introduced into a hair cell.

Definitions

As used herein, the term “about” refers to a value that is within 10% above or below the value being described.

As used herein, “administration” refers to providing or giving a subject a therapeutic agent (e.g., a composition containing a first nucleic acid vector containing a polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an otoferlin protein and a second nucleic acid vector containing a polynucleotide that encodes a C-terminal portion of an otoferlin protein), by any effective route. Exemplary routes of administration are described herein below.

As used herein, the term “cell type” refers to a group of cells sharing a phenotype that is statistically separable based on gene expression data. For instance, cells of a common cell type may share similar structural and/or functional characteristics, such as similar gene activation patterns and antigen presentation profiles. Cells of a common cell type may include those that are isolated from a common tissue (e.g., epithelial tissue, neural tissue, connective tissue, or muscle tissue) and/or those that are isolated from a common organ, tissue system, blood vessel, or other structure and/or region in an organism.

As used herein, the term “cochlear hair cell” refers to group of specialized cells in the inner ear that are involved in sensing sound. There are two types of cochlear hair cells: inner hair cells and outer hair cells. Damage to cochlear hair cells and genetic mutations that disrupt cochlear hair cell function are implicated in hearing loss and deafness.

As used herein, the terms “conservative mutation,” “conservative substitution,” and “conservative amino acid substitution” refer to a substitution of one or more amino acids for one or more different amino acids that exhibit similar physicochemical properties, such as polarity, electrostatic charge, and steric volume. These properties are summarized for each of the twenty naturally-occurring amino acids in table 1 below.

TABLE 1

Representative physicochemical properties of naturally-occurring

amino acids

Electrostatic

3
1
Side-
character at

Letter
Letter
chain
physiological
Steric

Amino Acid
Code
Code
Polarity
pH (7.4)
Volume^†

Alanine
Ala
A
nonpolar
neutral
small

Arginine
Arg
R
polar
cationic
large

Asparagine
Asn
N
polar
neutral
intermediate

Aspartic acid
Asp
D
polar
anionic
intermediate

Cysteine
Cys
C
nonpolar
neutral
intermediate

Glutamic acid
Glu
E
polar
anionic
intermediate

Glutamine
Gln
Q
polar
neutral
intermediate

Glycine
Gly
G
nonpolar
neutral
small

Histidine
His
H
polar
Both neutral
large

and cationic

forms in

equilibrium

at pH 7.4

Isoleucine
Ile
I
nonpolar
neutral
large

Leucine
Leu
L
nonpolar
neutral
large

Lysine
Lys
K
polar
cationic
large

Methionine
Met
M
nonpolar
neutral
large

Phenylalanine
Phe
F
nonpolar
neutral
large

Proline
Pro
P
non-polar
neutral
intermediate

Serine
Ser
S
polar
neutral
small

Threonine
Thr
T
polar
neutral
intermediate

Tryptophan
Trp
W
nonpolar
neutral
bulky

Tyrosine
Tyr
Y
polar
neutral
large

Valine
Val
V
nonpolar
neutral
intermediate

^†based on volume in A³: 50-100 is small, 100-150 is intermediate, 150-200 is large, and >200 is bulky

From this table it is appreciated that the conservative amino acid families include (i) G, A, V, L and I; (ii) D and E; (iii) C, S and T; (iv) H, K and R; (v) N and Q; and (vi) F, Y and W. A conservative mutation or substitution is therefore one that substitutes one amino acid for a member of the same amino acid family (e.g., a substitution of Ser for Thr or Lys for Arg).

As used herein, the term “degradation signal sequence” refers to a sequence (e.g., a nucleotide sequence that can be translated into an amino acid sequence) that mediates the degradation of a polypeptide in which it is contained. Degradation signal sequences can be included in the nucleic acid vectors of the invention to reduce or prevent the expression of portions of otoferlin proteins that have not undergone recombination and/or splicing. An exemplary degradation signal sequence for use in the invention is GCCTGCAAGAACTGGTTCAGCAGCCTGAGCCACTTCGTGATCCACCTG (SEQ ID NO: 22).

As used herein, the terms “effective amount,” “therapeutically effective amount,” and a “sufficient amount” of a composition, vector construct, or viral vector described herein refer to a quantity sufficient to, when administered to the subject in need thereof, including a mammal, for example a human, effect beneficial or desired results, including clinical results, and, as such, an “effective amount” or synonym thereto depends upon the context in which it is being applied. For example, in the context of treating sensorineural hearing loss, it is an amount of the composition, vector construct, or viral vector sufficient to achieve a treatment response as compared to the response obtained without administration of the composition, vector construct, or viral vector. The amount of a given composition described herein that will correspond to such an amount will vary depending upon various factors, such as the given agent, the pharmaceutical formulation, the route of administration, the type of disease or disorder, the identity of the subject (e.g. age, sex, weight) or host being treated, and the like, but can nevertheless be routinely determined by one skilled in the art. Also, as used herein, a “therapeutically effective amount” of a composition, vector construct, or viral vector of the present disclosure is an amount which results in a beneficial or desired result in a subject as compared to a control. Note that when a combination of active ingredients is administered, the effective amount of the combination may or may not include amounts of each ingredient that would have been effective if administered individually. As defined herein, a therapeutically effective amount of a composition, vector construct, viral vector or cell of the present disclosure may be readily determined by one of ordinary skill by routine methods known in the art. Dosage regime may be adjusted to provide the optimum therapeutic response.

As used herein, the term “endogenous” describes a molecule (e.g., a polypeptide, nucleic acid, or cofactor) that is found naturally in a particular organism (e.g., a human) or in a particular location within an organism (e.g., an organ, a tissue, or a cell, such as a human cell, e.g., a human cochlear hair cell).

As used herein, the term “express” refers to one or more of the following events: (1) production of an RNA template from a DNA sequence (e.g., by transcription); (2) processing of an RNA transcript (e.g., by splicing, editing, 5′ cap formation, and/or 3′ end processing); (3) translation of an RNA into a polypeptide or protein; and (4) post-translational modification of a polypeptide or protein.

As used herein, the term “exogenous” describes a molecule (e.g., a polypeptide, nucleic acid, or cofactor) that is not found naturally in a particular organism (e.g., a human) or in a particular location within an organism (e.g., an organ, a tissue, or a cell, such as a human cell, e.g., a human cochlear hair cell). Exogenous materials include those that are provided from an external source to an organism or to cultured matter extracted there from.

As used herein, the term “hair cell-specific expression” refers to production of an RNA transcript or polypeptide primarily within hair cells (e.g., cochlear hair cells) as compared to other cell types of the inner ear (e.g., spiral ganglion neurons, glia, or other inner ear cell types). Hair cell-specific expression of a transgene can be confirmed by comparing transgene expression (e.g., RNA or protein expression) between various cell types of the inner ear (e.g., hair cells vs. non-hair cells) using any standard technique (e.g., quantitative RT PCR, immunohistochemistry, Western Blot analysis, or measurement of the fluorescence of a reporter (e.g., GFP) operably linked to a promoter). A hair cell-specific promoter induces expression (e.g., RNA or protein expression) of a transgene to which it is operably linked that is at least 50% greater (e.g., 50%, 75%, 100%, 125%, 150%, 175%, 200% greater or more) in hair cells (e.g., cochlear hair cells) compared to at least 3 (e.g., 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, or more) of the following inner ear cell types: Border cells, inner phalangeal cells, inner pillar cells, outer pillar cells, first row Deiter cells, second row Deiter cells, third row Deiter cells, Hensen's cells, Claudius cells, inner sulcus cells, outer sulcus cells, spiral prominence cells, root cells, interdental cells, basal cells of the stria vascularis, intermediate cells of the stria vascularis, marginal cells of the stria vascularis, spiral ganglion neurons, Schwann cells.

As used herein, the terms “increasing” and “decreasing” refer to modulating resulting in, respectively, greater or lesser amounts, of function, expression, or activity of a metric relative to a reference. For example, subsequent to administration of a composition in a method described herein, the amount of a marker of a metric (e.g., OTOF expression) as described herein may be increased or decreased in a subject by at least 5%, 10%, 15%, 20%, 25%, 30%, 35%, 40%, 45%, 50%, 55%, 60%, 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, 90%, 95% or 98% or more relative to the amount of the marker prior to administration. Generally, the metric is measured subsequent to administration at a time that the administration has had the recited effect, e.g., at least one week, one month, 3 months, or 6 months, after a treatment regimen has begun.

As used herein, the term “intron” refers to a region within the coding region of a gene, the nucleotide sequence of which is not translated into the amino acid sequence of the corresponding protein. The term intron also refers to the corresponding region of the RNA transcribed from a gene. Introns are transcribed into pre-mRNA, but are removed during processing, and are not included in the mature mRNA.

As used herein, “locally” or “local administration” means administration at a particular site of the body intended for a local effect and not a systemic effect. Examples of local administration are epicutaneous, inhalational, intra-articular, intrathecal, intravaginal, intravitreal, intrauterine, intra-lesional administration, lymph node administration, intratumoral administration, administration to the inner ear, and administration to a mucous membrane of the subject, wherein the administration is intended to have a local and not a systemic effect.

As used herein, the term “operably linked” refers to a first molecule that can be joined to a second molecule, wherein the molecules are so arranged that the first molecule affects the function of the second molecule. The term “operably linked” includes the juxtaposition of two or more components (e.g., a promoter and another sequence element) such that both components function normally and allow for the possibility that at least one of the components can mediate a function that is exerted upon at least one of the other components. The two molecules may or may not be part of a single contiguous molecule and may or may not be adjacent. For example, a promoter is operably linked to a transcribable polynucleotide molecule if the promoter modulates transcription of the transcribable polynucleotide molecule of interest in a cell. In additional embodiments, two portions of a transcription regulatory element are operably linked to one another if they are joined such that the transcription-activating functionality of one portion is not adversely affected by the presence of the other portion. Two transcription regulatory elements may be operably linked to one another by way of a linker nucleic acid (e.g., an intervening non-coding nucleic acid) or may be operably linked to one another with no intervening nucleotides present.

As used herein, the terms “otoferlin” and “OTOF” refer to the gene associated with nonsyndromic recessive deafness DNFB9. The terms “otoferlin” and “OTOF” also refer to variants of wild-type OTOF protein and nucleic acids encoding the same, such as variant proteins having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 99.9% identity, or more) to the amino acid sequence of a wild-type OTOF protein (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1) or polynucleotides having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 86%, 87%, 88%, 89%, 90%, 91%, 92%, 93%, 94%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or 99.9% identity, or more) to the nucleic acid sequence of a wild-type OTOF gene, provided that the OTOF analog encoded retains the therapeutic function of wild-type OTOF. As used herein, OTOF may refer to the protein localized to inner hair cells or to the gene encoding this protein, depending upon the context, as will be appreciated by one of skill in the art.

As used herein, the term “plasmid” refers to a to an extrachromosomal circular double stranded DNA molecule into which additional DNA segments may be ligated. A plasmid is a type of vector, a nucleic acid molecule capable of transporting another nucleic acid to which it has been linked. Certain plasmids are capable of autonomous replication in a host cell into which they are introduced (e.g., bacterial plasmids having a bacterial origin of replication and episomal mammalian plasmids). Other vectors (e.g., non-episomal mammalian vectors) can be integrated into the genome of a host cell upon introduction into the host cell, and thereby are replicated along with the host genome. Certain plasmids are capable of directing the expression of genes to which they are operably linked.

As used herein, the terms “nucleic acid” and “polynucleotide,” used interchangeably herein, refer to a polymeric form of nucleosides in any length. Typically a polynucleotide is composed of nucleosides that are naturally found in DNA or RNA (e.g., adenosine, thymidine, guanosine, cytidine, uridine, deoxyadenosine, deoxythymidine, deoxyguanosine, and deoxycytidine) joined by phosphodiester bonds. However the term encompasses molecules containing nucleosides or nucleoside analogs containing chemically or biologically modified bases, modified backbones, etc., whether or not found in naturally occurring nucleic acids, and such molecules may be preferred for certain applications. Where this application refers to a polynucleotide it is understood that both DNA, RNA, and in each case both single- and double-stranded forms (and complements of each single-stranded molecule) are provided. “Polynucleotide sequence” as used herein can refer to the polynucleotide material itself and/or to the sequence information (i.e., the succession of letters used as abbreviations for bases) that biochemically characterizes a specific nucleic acid. A polynucleotide sequence presented herein is presented in a 5′ to 3′ direction unless otherwise indicated.

As used herein, the terms “complementarity” or “complementary” of nucleic acids means that a nucleotide sequence in one strand of nucleic acid, due to orientation of its nucleobase groups, forms hydrogen bonds with another sequence on an opposing nucleic acid strand. The complementary bases in DNA are typically A with T and C with G. In RNA, they are typically C with G and U with A. Complementarity can be perfect or substantial/sufficient. Perfect complementarity between two nucleic acids means that the two nucleic acids can form a duplex in which every base in the duplex is bonded to a complementary base by Watson-Crick pairing. “Substantial” or “sufficient” complementary means that a sequence in one strand is not completely and/or perfectly complementary to a sequence in an opposing strand, but that sufficient bonding occurs between bases on the two strands to form a stable hybrid complex in set of hybridization conditions (e.g., salt concentration and temperature). Such conditions can be predicted by using the sequences and standard mathematical calculations to predict the Tm (melting temperature) of hybridized strands, or by empirical determination of Tm by using routine methods. Tm includes the temperature at which a population of hybridization complexes formed between two nucleic acid strands are 50% denatured (i.e., a population of double-stranded nucleic acid molecules becomes half dissociated into single strands). At a temperature below the Tm, formation of a hybridization complex is favored, whereas at a temperature above the Tm, melting or separation of the strands in the hybridization complex is favored. Tm may be estimated for a nucleic acid having a known G+C content in an aqueous 1 M NaCl solution by using, e.g., Tm=81.5+0.41(% G+C), although other known Tm computations take into account nucleic acid structural characteristics.

As used herein, the term “promoter” refers to a recognition site on DNA that is bound by an RNA polymerase. The polymerase drives transcription of the transgene. Exemplary promoters suitable for use with the compositions and methods described herein include constitutive promoters (e.g., the CAG promoter and cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter), cochlear hair cell-specific promoters (e.g., the Myosin 15 (Myo15) promoter, the Myosin 7A (Myo7A) promoter, the Myosin 6 (Myo6) promoter, the POU Class 4 Homeobox 3 (POU4F3) promoter), and inner hair cell-specific promoters (e.g., the Fibroblast growth factor 8 (FGF8) promoter, the vesicular glutamate transporter 3 (VGLUT3) promoter, and the OTOF promoter).

“Percent (%) sequence identity” with respect to a reference polynucleotide or polypeptide sequence is defined as the percentage of nucleic acids or amino acids in a candidate sequence that are identical to the nucleic acids or amino acids in the reference polynucleotide or polypeptide sequence, after aligning the sequences and introducing gaps, if necessary, to achieve the maximum percent sequence identity. Alignment for purposes of determining percent nucleic acid or amino acid sequence identity can be achieved in various ways that are within the capabilities of one of skill in the art, for example, using publicly available computer software such as BLAST, BLAST-2, or Megalign software. Those skilled in the art can determine appropriate parameters for aligning sequences, including any algorithms needed to achieve maximal alignment over the full-length of the sequences being compared. For example, percent sequence identity values may be generated using the sequence comparison computer program BLAST. As an illustration, the percent sequence identity of a given nucleic acid or amino acid sequence, A, to, with, or against a given nucleic acid or amino acid sequence, B, (which can alternatively be phrased as a given nucleic acid or amino acid sequence, A that has a certain percent sequence identity to, with, or against a given nucleic acid or amino acid sequence, B) is calculated as follows:

100 multiplied by (the fraction X/Y)

where X is the number of nucleotides or amino acids scored as identical matches by a sequence alignment program (e.g., BLAST) in that program's alignment of A and B, and where Y is the total number of nucleic acids in B. It will be appreciated that where the length of nucleic acid or amino acid sequence A is not equal to the length of nucleic acid or amino acid sequence B, the percent sequence identity of A to B will not equal the percent sequence identity of B to A.

The term “derivative” as used herein refers to a nucleic acid, peptide, or protein or a variant or analog thereof comprising one or more mutations and/or chemical modifications as compared to a corresponding full-length wild-type nucleic acid, peptide, or protein. Non-limiting examples of chemical modifications involving nucleic acids include, for example, modifications to the base moiety, sugar moiety, phosphate moiety, phosphate-sugar backbone, or a combination thereof.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutical composition” refers to a mixture containing a therapeutic agent, optionally in combination with one or more pharmaceutically acceptable excipients, diluents, and/or carriers, to be administered to a subject, such as a mammal, e.g., a human, in order to prevent, treat or control a particular disease or condition affecting or that may affect the subject.

As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable” refers to those compounds, materials, compositions and/or dosage forms, which are suitable for contact with the tissues of a subject, such as a mammal (e.g., a human) without excessive toxicity, irritation, allergic response and other problem complications commensurate with a reasonable benefit/risk ratio. Preferably, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable” means approved by a regulatory agency of the Federal or a state government or listed in the U.S. Pharmacopeia or other generally recognized pharmacopeia for use in mammals, and more particularly in humans.

As used herein, the term “recombinogenic region” refers to a region of homology that mediates recombination between two different sequences.

As used herein, the term “regulatory sequence” includes promoters, enhancers and other expression control elements (e.g., polyadenylation signals) that control the transcription or translation of the polynucleotides that encode OTOF. Such regulatory sequences are described, for example, in Goeddel, Gene Expression Technology: Methods in Enzymology 185 (Academic Press, San Diego, C A, 1990); incorporated herein by reference.

As used herein, the term “sample” refers to a specimen (e.g., blood, blood component (e.g., serum or plasma), urine, saliva, amniotic fluid, cerebrospinal fluid, tissue (e.g., placental or dermal), pancreatic fluid, chorionic villus sample, and cells) isolated from a subject.

As used herein, the term “transfection” refers to any of a wide variety of techniques commonly used for the introduction of exogenous DNA into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic host cell, e.g., electroporation, lipofection, calcium-phosphate precipitation, DEAE-dextran transfection, Nucleofection, squeeze-poration, sonoporation, optical transfection, Magnetofection, impalefection and the like.

As used herein, the terms “subject” and “patient” refer to an animal (e.g., a mammal, such as a human), veterinary animals (e.g., cats, dogs, cows, horses, sheep, pigs, etc.) and experimental animal models of diseases (e.g., mice, rats). A subject to be treated according to the methods described herein may be one who has been diagnosed with hearing loss (e.g., hearing loss associated with a mutation in OTOF), or one at risk of developing these conditions. Diagnosis may be performed by any method or technique known in the art. One skilled in the art will understand that a subject to be treated according to the present disclosure may have been subjected to standard tests or may have been identified, without examination, as one at risk due to the presence of one or more risk factors associated with the disease or condition.

As used herein, the terms “transduction” and “transduce” refer to a method of introducing a vector construct or a part thereof into a cell. Wherein the vector construct is contained in a viral vector such as for example an AAV vector, transduction refers to viral infection of the cell and subsequent transfer and integration of the vector construct or part thereof into the cell genome.

As used herein, “treatment” and “treating” of a state, disorder or condition can include: (1) preventing, delaying, or reducing the incidence and/or likelihood of the appearance of at least one clinical or sub-clinical symptom of the state, disorder or condition developing in a subject that may be afflicted with or predisposed to the state, disorder or condition, but does not yet experience or display clinical or subclinical symptoms of the state, disorder or condition; or (2) inhibiting the state, disorder or condition, i.e., arresting, reducing or delaying the development of the disease or a relapse thereof or at least one clinical or sub-clinical symptom thereof; or (3) relieving the disease, i.e., causing regression of the state, disorder or condition or at least one of its clinical or sub-clinical symptoms. The benefit to a subject to be treated is either statistically significant or at least perceptible to the patient or to the physician.

As used herein, the term “vector” includes a nucleic acid vector, e.g., a DNA vector, such as a plasmid, a RNA vector, virus or other suitable replicon (e.g., viral vector). A variety of vectors have been developed for the delivery of polynucleotides encoding exogenous proteins into a prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell. Examples of such expression vectors are disclosed in, e.g., WO94/11026; incorporated herein by reference as it pertains to vectors suitable for the expression of a gene of interest. Expression vectors suitable for use with the compositions and methods described herein contain a polynucleotide sequence as well as, e.g., additional sequence elements used for the expression of proteins and/or the integration of these polynucleotide sequences into the genome of a mammalian cell. Certain vectors that can be used for the expression of OTOF as described herein include vectors that contain regulatory sequences, such as promoter and enhancer regions, which direct gene transcription. Other useful vectors for expression of OTOF contain polynucleotide sequences that enhance the rate of translation of these genes or improve the stability or nuclear export of the mRNA that results from gene transcription. These sequence elements include, e.g., 5′ and 3′ untranslated regions and a polyadenylation signal site in order to direct efficient transcription of the gene carried on the expression vector. The expression vectors suitable for use with the compositions and methods described herein may also contain a polynucleotide encoding a marker for selection of cells that contain such a vector. Examples of a suitable marker include genes that encode resistance to antibiotics, such as ampicillin, chloramphenicol, kanamycin, or nourseothricin.

As used herein, the term “wild-type” refers to a genotype with the highest frequency for a particular gene in a given organism.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

FIGS. 1A and 1B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in an overlapping dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, and a CAG promoter operably linked to exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 24/25 boundary (FIG. 1A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 24/25 boundary and exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 1B).

FIGS. 2A and 2B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in an overlapping dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, and a CAG promoter operably linked to exons 1-28 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 28/29 boundary (FIG. 2A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 28/29 boundary and exons 29-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, the full-length human OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 2B).

FIGS. 3A and 3B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in an overlapping dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, and a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-21 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 21/22 boundary (FIG. 3A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 21/22 boundary and exons 22-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 3B).

FIGS. 4A and 4B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in an overlapping dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, and a CAG promoter operably linked to exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 24/25 boundary (FIG. 4A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 24/25 boundary and exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 4B).

FIGS. 5A and 5B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in an overlapping dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a CMV enhancer, and a CMV promoter operably linked to exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 24/25 boundary (FIG. 5A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 24/25 boundary and exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 5B).

FIGS. 6A and 6B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in an overlapping dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, and a CAG promoter operably linked to exons 1-28 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 28/29 boundary (FIG. 6A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 28/29 boundary and exons 29-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, the full-length mouse OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 6B).

FIGS. 7A and 7B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in an overlapping dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, and a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-21 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 21/22 boundary (FIG. 7A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 21/22 boundary and exons 22-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 7B).

FIGS. 8A and 8B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a trans-splicing dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a CAG promoter operably linked to the full-length human OTOF 5′ UTR and exons 1-26 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a splice donor sequence (SD) (FIG. 8A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 27-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, the full-length human OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 8B).

FIGS. 9A and 9B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a trans-splicing dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-19 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a splice donor sequence (SD) (FIG. 9A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 20-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 9B).

FIGS. 10A and 10B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a trans-splicing dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-25 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a splice donor sequence (SD) (FIG. 10A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 26-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, the full-length human OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 10B).

FIGS. 11A and 11B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a trans-splicing dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a CAG promoter operably linked to the full-length mouse OTOF 5′ UTR and exons 1-28 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a splice donor sequence (SD) (FIG. 11A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 29-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, the full-length mouse OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 11B).

FIGS. 12A and 12B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a trans-splicing dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-20 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a splice donor sequence (SD) (FIG. 12A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 21-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 12B).

FIGS. 13A and 13B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a trans-splicing dual vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a splice donor sequence (SD) (FIG. 13A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, the full-length mouse OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 13B).

FIGS. 14A and 14B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a dual hybrid vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a CAG promoter operably linked to the full-length human OTOF 5′ UTR and exons 1-26 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, a splice donor sequence (SD), a recombinogenic region (AK), and a degradation signal sequence (CL1) (FIG. 14A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a recombinogenic region (AK), a degradation signal sequence (CL1), a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 27-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, the full-length human OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 14B).

FIGS. 15A and 15B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a dual hybrid vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-19 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, a splice donor sequence (SD), a recombinogenic region (AK), and a degradation signal sequence (CL1) (FIG. 15A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a recombinogenic region (AK), a degradation signal sequence (CL1), a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 20-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 15B).

FIGS. 16A and 16B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a dual hybrid vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-25 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, a splice donor sequence (SD), a recombinogenic region (AK), and a degradation signal sequence (CL1) (FIG. 16A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a recombinogenic region (AK), a degradation signal sequence (CL1), a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 26-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, the full-length human OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 16B).

FIGS. 17A and 17B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a dual hybrid vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a CAG promoter operably linked to the full-length mouse OTOF 5′ UTR and exons 1-28 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, a splice donor sequence (SD), a recombinogenic region (AK), and a degradation signal sequence (CL1) (FIG. 17A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a recombinogenic region (AK), a degradation signal sequence (CL1), a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 29-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, the full-length mouse OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 17B).

FIGS. 18A and 18B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a dual hybrid vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-20 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, a splice donor sequence (SD), a recombinogenic region (AK), and a degradation signal sequence (CL1) (FIG. 18A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a recombinogenic region (AK), a degradation signal sequence (CL1), a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 21-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 18B).

FIGS. 19A and 19B are maps of the 5′ and 3′ vectors in a dual hybrid vector system. The 5′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, a splice donor sequence (SD), a recombinogenic region (AK), and a degradation signal sequence (CL1) (FIG. 19A). The 3′ vector contains AAV2 ITRs, a recombinogenic region (AK), a degradation signal sequence (CL1), a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, the full-length mouse OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23) (FIG. 19B).

FIGS. 20A and 20B are images demonstrating that polynucleotides encoded by dual hybrid vectors (FIG. 20A) and overlapping vectors (FIG. 20B) undergo recombination in cell culture (top). Beneath each image is a schematic depicting the type of recombination that occurs in each dual vector system (bottom). Inner ear-derived House Ear Institute-Organ of Corti 1 (HEI-OC1) cells were transfected with plasmids containing either the 5′ half of OTOF alone, the 3′ half of OTOF alone, or both the 5′ and 3′ halves together. For the dual hybrid vector experiment, the 5′ vector contained a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-19 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, a splice donor sequence (SD), a recombinogenic region (AK), and a degradation signal sequence (CL1); and the 3′ vector contained a recombinogenic region (AK), a degradation signal sequence (CL1), a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 20-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23). For the overlapping dual vector experiment, the 5′ vector contained a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-21 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 21/22 boundary; and the 3′ vector contained the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 21/22 boundary and exons 22-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23). Full-length otoferlin was transfected as a positive control and untransfected cells were used a negative control. Genomic DNA was extracted from cells using a standard column from a gDNA isolation kit. PCR primers were designed to anneal outside of the region of splice sites or overlap and PCR was performed using standard molecular biology techniques. Amplicons were visualized using gel electrophoresis. The white box in the gel image indicates the lane in which 5′ and 3′ halves were transfected together and where a roughly 1 kb amplicon is seen, indicating recombination.

FIGS. 21A-21C are images demonstrating that polynucleotides encoded by dual hybrid vectors (FIG. 21A), trans-splicing vectors (FIG. 21B), and overlapping vectors (FIG. 21C) undergo recombination in cell culture and produce OTOF protein (top). Beneath each image is a schematic depicting the type of recombination that occurs in each dual vector system (bottom). Inner ear derived HEI-OC1 cells were transfected with plasmids containing either the 5′ half of otoferlin alone, the 3′ half of otoferlin alone, or both 5′ and 3′ halves together. For the dual hybrid vector experiment, the 5′ vector contained a CAG promoter operably linked to the full-length human OTOF 5′ UTR and exons 1-26 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, a splice donor sequence (SD), a recombinogenic region (AK), and a degradation signal sequence (CL1); and the 3′ vector contained a recombinogenic region (AK), a degradation signal sequence (CL1), a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 27-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the human OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 1, the full-length human OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23). For the trans-splicing dual vector experiment, the 5′ vector contained a Myo15 promoter (SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a splice donor sequence (SD); and the 3′ vector contained a splice acceptor sequence (SA), exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, the full-length mouse OTOF 3′ UTR, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23). For the overlapping dual vector experiment, the 5′ vector contained a CMV promoter operably linked to exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 24/25 boundary; and the 3′ vector contained the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 24/25 boundary and exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding the mouse OTOF protein of SEQ ID NO: 6, and a WPRE sequence (SEQ ID NO: 23). Cells were fixed in 4% PFA 48 hours post transfection and processed for immunohistochemistry. An antibody specific to OTOF protein labels some cells in the 5′ alone transfected cells, no cells in the 3′ alone transfected cells, and more cells than both previous conditions combined in the 5′+3′ transfected cells.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Described herein are compositions and methods for the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss or auditory neuropathy in a subject (such as a mammalian subject, for instance, a human) by administering a first nucleic acid vector containing a promoter and a polynucleotide encoding an N-terminal portion of an otoferlin (OTOF) protein (e.g., a wild-type (WT) OTOF protein) and a second nucleic acid vector containing a polynucleotide encoding a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and a polyadenylation (poly(A)) sequence. When introduced into a mammalian cell, such as a cochlear hair cell, the polynucleotides encoded by the two nucleic acid vectors can combine to form a nucleic acid molecule that encodes the full-length OTOF protein. The compositions and methods described herein can, therefore, be used to induce or increase expression of WT OTOF in cochlear hair cells of a subject who has an OTOF deficiency (e.g., low OTOF expression or an OTOF mutation that impairs OTOF expression or function).

Otoferlin

OTOF is a 230 kDa membrane protein that contains at least six C2 domains implicated in calcium, phospholipid, and protein binding. It is encoded by a gene that contains 48 exons, and the full-length protein is made up of 1,997 amino acids. OTOF is located at ribbon synapses in inner hair cells, where it is believed to function as a calcium sensor in synaptic vesicle fusion, triggering the fusion of neurotransmitter-containing vesicles with the plasma membrane. It has also been implicated in vesicle replenishment and clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and has been shown to interact with Myosin VI, Rab8b, SNARE proteins, calcium channel Cav1.3, Ergic2, and AP-2. The mechanism by which OTOF mediates exocytosis and the physiological significance of its interactions with its binding partners remain to be determined.

OTOF-Associated Hearing Loss

OTOF was first identified by a study investigating the genetics of a non-syndromic form of deafness, autosomal recessive deafness-9 (DFNB9). Mutations in OTOF have since been found to cause sensorineural hearing loss in patients throughout the world, with many patients carrying OTOF mutations having auditory neuropathy, a disorder in which the inner ear detects sound, but is unable to properly transmit sound from the ear to the brain. These patients have an abnormal auditory brainstem response (ABR) and impaired speech discrimination with initially normal otoacoustic emissions. Patients carrying homozygous or compound heterozygous mutations often develop hearing loss in early childhood, and the severity of hearing impairment has been found to vary with the location and type of mutation in OTOF.

The compositions and methods described herein can be used to treat sensorineural hearing loss or auditory neuropathy by administering a first nucleic acid vector containing a polynucleotide encoding an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and a second nucleic acid vector containing a polynucleotide encoding a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein. The full-length OTOF coding sequence is too large to include in the type of vector that is commonly used for gene therapy (e.g., an adeno-associated virus (AAV) vector, which is thought to have a packaging limit of 5 kb). The compositions and methods described herein overcome this problem by dividing the OTOF coding sequence between two different nucleic acid vectors that can recombine in a cell to reconstitute the full-length OTOF sequence. These compositions and methods can be used to treat subjects having one or more mutations in the OTOF gene, e.g., an OTOF mutation that reduces OTOF expression, reduces OTOF function, or is associated with hearing loss. When the first and second nucleic acid vectors are administered in a composition, the polynucleotides encoding the N-terminal and C-terminal portions of OTOF can combine within a cell (e.g., a human cell, e.g., a cochlear hair cell) to form a single nucleic acid molecule that contains the full-length OTOF coding sequence (e.g., through homologous recombination and/or splicing).

The nucleic acid vectors used in the compositions and methods described herein include nucleic acid sequences that encode wild-type OTOF, or a variant thereof, such as a nucleic acid sequences that, when combined, encode a protein having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to the amino acid sequence of wild-type human or mouse OTOF. The polynucleotides used in the nucleic acid vectors described herein encode an N-terminal portion and a C-terminal portion of an OTOF amino acid sequence in Table 2 below (e.g., two portions that, when combined, encode a full-length OTOF amino acid sequence listed in Table 2, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1).

According to the methods described herein, a subject can be administered a composition containing a first nucleic acid vector and a second nucleic acid vector that encode an N-terminal and C-terminal portion, respectively, of a nucleic acid sequence encoding the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, or a nucleic acid sequence encoding an amino acid sequence having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 1, or a nucleic acid sequence encoding an amino acid sequence that contains one or more conservative amino acid substitutions relative to SEQ ID NO: 1 (e.g., 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 or more conservative amino acid substitutions), provided that the OTOF analog encoded retains the therapeutic function of wild-type OTOF (e.g., the ability to regulate exocytosis at ribbon synapses).

TABLE 2

OTOF Sequences

SEQ ID

NO.
Sequence Name
Sequence

1
OTOF-201 protein
MALLIHLKTVSELRGRGDRIAKVTFRGQSFYSRVLENCEDVADFDE

(NP_919224.1),
TFRWPVASSIDRNEMLEIQVFNYSKVFSNKLIGTFRMVLQKVVEES

human otoferlin
HVEVTDTLIDDNNAIIKTSLCVEVRYQATDGTVGSWDDGDFLGDES

isoform a, 1997 aa
LQEEEKDSQETDGLLPGSRPSSRPPGEKSFRRAGRSVFSAMKLGK

NRSHKEEPQRPDEPAVLEMEDLDHLAIRLGDGLDPDSVSLASVTAL

TTNVSNKRSKPDIKMEPSAGRPMDYQVSITVIEARQLVGLNMDPVV

CVEVGDDKKYTSMKESTNCPYYNEYFVFDFHVSPDVMFDKIIKISVI

HSKNLLRSGTLVGSFKMDVGTVYSQPEHQFHHKWAILSDPDDISS

GLKGYVKCDVAVVGKGDNIKTPHKANETDEDDIEGNLLLPEGVPPE

RQWARFYVKIYRAEGLPRMNTSLMANVKKAFIGENKDLVDPYVQV

FFAGQKGKTSVQKSSYEPLWNEQVVFTDLFPPLCKRMKVQIRDSD

KVNDVAIGTHFIDLRKISNDGDKGFLPTLGPAWVNMYGSTRNYTLL

DEHQDLNEGLGEGVSFRARLLLGLAVEIVDTSNPELTSSTEVQVEQ

ATPISESCAGKMEEFFLFGAFLEASMIDRRNGDKPITFEVTIGNYGN

EVDGLSRPQRPRPRKEPGDEEEVDLIQNASDDEAGDAGDLASVSS

TPPMRPQVTDRNYFHLPYLERKPCIYIKSWWPDQRRRLYNANIMD

HIADKLEEGLNDIQEMIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSCGCCRFLSLAD

KDQGHSSRTRLDRERLKSCMRELENMGQQARMLRAQVKRHTVRD

KLRLCONFLQKLRFLADEPQHSIPDIFIWMMSNNKRVAYARVPSKD

LLFSIVEEETGKDCAKVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWTVQAKVELYLW

LGLSKQRKEFLCGLPCGFQEVKAAQGLGLHAFPPVSLVYTKKQAF

QLRAHMYQARSLFAADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTEVLNETLCPT

WDQMLVFDNLELYGEAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGKADFMGRTF

AKPLVKMADEAYCPPRFPPQLEYYQIYRGNATAGDLLAAFELLQIG

PAGKADLPPINGPVDVDRGPIMPVPMGIRPVLSKYRVEVLFWGLRD

LKRVNLAQVDRPRVDIECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNTLVKWFEV

DLPENELLHPPLNIRVVDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFIYRPPDRS

APSWNTTVRLLRRCRVLCNGGSSSHSTGEVVVTMEPEVPIKKLET

MVKLDATSEAVVKVDVAEEEKEKKKKKKGTAEEPEEEEPDESMLD

WWSKYFASIDTMKEQLRQQEPSGIDLEEKEEVDNTEGLKGSMKGK

EKARAAKEEKKKKTQSSGSGQGSEAPEKKKPKIDELKVYPKELESE

FDNFEDWLHTFNLLRGKTGDDEDGSTEEERIVGRFKGSLCVYKVPL

PEDVSREAGYDSTYGMFQGIPSNDPINVLVRVYVVRATDLHPADIN

GKADPYIAIRLGKTDIRDKENYISKQLNPVFGKSFDIEASFPMESMLT

VAVYDWDLVGTDDLIGETKIDLENRFYSKHRATCGIAQTYSTHGYNI

WRDPMKPSQILTRLCKDGKVDGPHFGPPGRVKVANRVFTGPSEIE

DENGQRKPTDEHVALLALRHWEDIPRAGCRLVPEHVETRPLLNPD

KPGIEQGRLELWVDMFPMDMPAPGTPLDISPRKPKKYELRVIIWNT

DEVVLEDDDFFTGEKSSDIFVRGWLKGQQEDKQDTDVHYHSLTGE

GNFNWRYLFPFDYLAAEEKIVISKKESMFSWDETEYKIPARLTLQIW

DADHFSADDFLGAIELDLNRFPRGAKTAKQCTMEMATGEVDVPLV

SIFKQKRVKGWWPLLARNENDEFELTGKVEAELHLLTAEEAEKNPV

GLARNEPDPLEKPNRPDTSFIWFLNPLKSARYFLWHTYRWLLLKLL

LLLLLLLLLALFLYSVPGYLVKKILGA

2
OTOF-202 protein
MIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSCGCCRFLSLADKDQGHSSRTRLDRE

(NP_004793.2),
RLKSCMRELENMGQQARMLRAQVKRHTVRDKLRLCQNFLQKLRF

human otoferlin
LADEPQHSIPDIFIWMMSNNKRVAYARVPSKDLLFSIVEEETGKDCA

isoform b, 1230 aa
KVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWTVQAKVELYLWLGLSKQRKEFLCGL

PCGFQEVKAAQGLGLHAFPPVSLVYTKKQAFQLRAHMYQARSLFA

ADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTEVLNETLCPTWDQMLVFDNLELYG

EAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGKADFMGRTFAKPLVKMADEAYCPP

RFPPQLEYYQIYRGNATAGDLLAAFELLQIGPAGKADLPPINGPVDV

DRGPIMPVPMGIRPVLSKYRVEVLFWGLRDLKRVNLAQVDRPRVDI

ECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNTLVKWFEVDLPENELLHPPLNIRV

VDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFIYRPPDRSAPSWNTTGEVVVTM

EPEVPIKKLETMVKLDATSEAVVKVDVAEEEKEKKKKKKGTAEEPE

EEEPDESMLDWWSKYFASIDTMKEQLRQQEPSGIDLEEKEEVDNT

EGLKGSMKGKEKARAAKEEKKKKTQSSGSGQGSEAPEKKKPKIDE

LKVYPKELESEFDNFEDWLHTFNLLRGKTGDDEDGSTEEERIVGRF

KGSLCVYKVPLPEDVSREAGYDSTYGMFQGIPSNDPINVLVRVYVV

RATDLHPADINGKADPYIAIRLGKTDIRDKENYISKQLNPVFGKSFDI

EASFPMESMLTVAVYDWDLVGTDDLIGETKIDLENRFYSKHRATCG

IAQTYSTHGYNIWRDPMKPSQILTRLCKDGKVDGPHFGPPGRVKVA

NRVFTGPSEIEDENGQRKPTDEHVALLALRHWEDIPRAGCRLVPEH

VETRPLLNPDKPGIEQGRLELWVDMFPMDMPAPGTPLDISPRKPKK

YELRVIIWNTDEVVLEDDDFFTGEKSSDIFVRGWLKGQQEDKQDTD

VHYHSLTGEGNFNWRYLFPFDYLAAEEKIVISKKESMFSWDETEYKI

PARLTLQIWDADHFSADDFLGAIELDLNRFPRGAKTAKQCTMEMAT

GEVDVPLVSIFKQKRVKGWWPLLARNENDEFELTGKVEAELHLLTA

EEAEKNPVGLARNEPDPLEKPNRPDTSFIWFLNPLKSARYFLWHTY

RWLLLKLLLLLLLLLLLALFLYSVPGYLVKKILGA

3
OTOF-203 protein
MIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSCGCCRFLSLADKDQGHSSRTRLDRE

(NP_919304.1),
RLKSCMRELENMGQQARMLRAQVKRHTVRDKLRLCQNFLQKLRF

human otoferlin
LADEPQHSIPDIFIWMMSNNKRVAYARVPSKDLLFSIVEEETGKDCA

isoform d, 1230 aa
KVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWTVQAKVELYLWLGLSKQRKEFLCGL

PCGFQEVKAAQGLGLHAFPPVSLVYTKKQAFQLRAHMYQARSLFA

ADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTEVLNETLCPTWDQMLVFDNLELYG

EAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGKADFMGRTFAKPLVKMADEAYCPP

RFPPQLEYYQIYRGNATAGDLLAAFELLQIGPAGKADLPPINGPVDV

DRGPIMPVPMGIRPVLSKYRVEVLFWGLRDLKRVNLAQVDRPRVDI

ECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNTLVKWFEVDLPENELLHPPLNIRV

VDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFIYRPPDRSAPSWNTTGEVVVTM

EPEVPIKKLETMVKLDATSEAVVKVDVAEEEKEKKKKKKGTAEEPE

EEEPDESMLDWWSKYFASIDTMKEQLRQQEPSGIDLEEKEEVDNT

EGLKGSMKGKEKARAAKEEKKKKTQSSGSGQGSEAPEKKKPKIDE

LKVYPKELESEFDNFEDWLHTFNLLRGKTGDDEDGSTEEERIVGRF

KGSLCVYKVPLPEDVSREAGYDSTYGMFQGIPSNDPINVLVRVYVV

RATDLHPADINGKADPYIAIRLGKTDIRDKENYISKQLNPVFGKSFDI

EASFPMESMLTVAVYDWDLVGTDDLIGETKIDLENRFYSKHRATCG

IAQTYSTHGYNIWRDPMKPSQILTRLCKDGKVDGPHFGPPGRVKVA

NRVFTGPSEIEDENGQRKPTDEHVALLALRHWEDIPRAGCRLVPEH

VETRPLLNPDKPGIEQGRLELWVDMFPMDMPAPGTPLDISPRKPKK

YELRVIIWNTDEVVLEDDDFFTGEKSSDIFVRGWLKGQQEDKQDTD

VHYHSLTGEGNFNWRYLFPFDYLAAEEKIVISKKESMFSWDETEYKI

PARLTLQIWDADHFSADDFLGAIELDLNRFPRGAKTAKQCTMEMAT

GEVDVPLVSIFKQKRVKGWWPLLARNENDEFELTGKVEAELHLLTA

EEAEKNPVGLARNEPDPLEKPNRPDTAFVWFLNPLKSIKYLICTRYK

WLIIKIVLALLGLLMLGLFLYSLPGYMVKKLLGA

4
OTOF-208 protein
MMTDTQDGPSESSQIMRSLTPLINREEAFGEAGEAGLWPSITHTPD

(NP_919303.1),
SQEEGLNDIQEMIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSCGCCRFLSLADKDQ

human otoferlin
GHSSRTRLDRERLKSCMRELENMGQQARMLRAQVKRHTVRDKLR

isoform c, 1307 aa
LCQNFLQKLRFLADEPQHSIPDIFIWMMSNNKRVAYARVPSKDLLFS

IVEEETGKDCAKVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWTVQAKVELYLWLGLS

KQRKEFLCGLPCGFQEVKAAQGLGLHAFPPVSLVYTKKQAFQLRA

HMYQARSLFAADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTEVLNETLCPTWDQ

MLVFDNLELYGEAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGKADFMGRTFAKPL

VKMADEAYCPPRFPPQLEYYQIYRGNATAGDLLAAFELLQIGPAGK

ADLPPINGPVDVDRGPIMPVPMGIRPVLSKYRVEVLFWGLRDLKRV

NLAQVDRPRVDIECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNTLVKWFEVDLPE

NELLHPPLNIRVVDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFIYRPPDRSAPS

WNTTVRLLRRCRVLCNGGSSSHSTGEVVVTMEPEVPIKKLETMVK

LDATSEAVVKVDVAEEEKEKKKKKKGTAEEPEEEEPDESMLDWWS

KYFASIDTMKEQLRQQEPSGIDLEEKEEVDNTEGLKGSMKGKEKAR

AAKEEKKKKTQSSGSGQGSEAPEKKKPKIDELKVYPKELESEFDNF

EDWLHTFNLLRGKTGDDEDGSTEEERIVGRFKGSLCVYKVPLPED

VSREAGYDSTYGMFQGIPSNDPINVLVRVYVVRATDLHPADINGKA

DPYIAIRLGKTDIRDKENYISKQLNPVFGKSFDIEASFPMESMLTVAV

YDWDLVGTDDLIGETKIDLENRFYSKHRATCGIAQTYSTHGYNIWR

DPMKPSQILTRLCKDGKVDGPHFGPPGRVKVANRVFTGPSEIEDE

NGQRKPTDEHVALLALRHWEDIPRAGCRLVPEHVETRPLLNPDKP

GIEQGRLELWVDMFPMDMPAPGTPLDISPRKPKKYELRVIIWNTDE

VVLEDDDFFTGEKSSDIFVRGWLKGQQEDKQDTDVHYHSLTGEGN

FNWRYLFPFDYLAAEEKIVISKKESMFSWDETEYKIPARLTLQIWDA

DHFSADDFLGAIELDLNRFPRGAKTAKQCTMEMATGEVDVPLVSIF

KQKRVKGWWPLLARNENDEFELTGKVEAELHLLTAEEAEKNPVGL

ARNEPDPLEKPNRPDTSFIWFLNPLKSARYFLWHTYRWLLLKLLLLL

LLLLLLALFLYSVPGYLVKKILGA

5
OTOF-205 protein
MALLIHLKTVSELRGRGDRIAKVTFRGQSFYSRVLENCEDVADFDE

(NP_001274418.1),
TFRWPVASSIDRNEMLEIQVFNYSKVFSNKLIGTFRMVLQKVVEES

human otoferlin
HVEVTDTLIDDNNAIIKTSLCVEVRYQATDGTVGSWDDGDFLGDES

isoform e, 1997 aa
LQEEEKDSQETDGLLPGSRPSSRPPGEKSFRRAGRSVFSAMKLGK

NRSHKEEPQRPDEPAVLEMEDLDHLAIRLGDGLDPDSVSLASVTAL

TTNVSNKRSKPDIKMEPSAGRPMDYQVSITVIEARQLVGLNMDPVV

CVEVGDDKKYTSMKESTNCPYYNEYFVFDFHVSPDVMFDKIIKISVI

HSKNLLRSGTLVGSFKMDVGTVYSQPEHQFHHKWAILSDPDDISS

GLKGYVKCDVAVVGKGDNIKTPHKANETDEDDIEGNLLLPEGVPPE

RQWARFYVKIYRAEGLPRMNTSLMANVKKAFIGENKDLVDPYVQV

FFAGQKGKTSVQKSSYEPLWNEQVVFTDLFPPLCKRMKVQIRDSD

KVNDVAIGTHFIDLRKISNDGDKGFLPTLGPAWVNMYGSTRNYTLL

DEHQDLNEGLGEGVSFRARLLLGLAVEIVDTSNPELTSSTEVQVEQ

ATPISESCAGKMEEFFLFGAFLEASMIDRRNGDKPITFEVTIGNYGN

EVDGLSRPQRPRPRKEPGDEEEVDLIQNASDDEAGDAGDLASVSS

TPPMRPQVTDRNYFHLPYLERKPCIYIKSWWPDQRRRLYNANIMD

HIADKLEEGLNDIQEMIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSCGCCRFLSLAD

KDQGHSSRTRLDRERLKSCMRELENMGQQARMLRAQVKRHTVRD

KLRLCQNFLQKLRFLADEPQHSIPDIFIWMMSNNKRVAYARVPSKD

LLFSIVEEETGKDCAKVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWTVQAKVELYLW

LGLSKQRKEFLCGLPCGFQEVKAAQGLGLHAFPPVSLVYTKKQAF

QLRAHMYQARSLFAADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTEVLNETLCPT

WDQMLVFDNLELYGEAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGKADFMGRTF

AKPLVKMADEAYCPPRFPPQLEYYQIYRGNATAGDLLAAFELLQIG

PAGKADLPPINGPVDVDRGPIMPVPMGIRPVLSKYRVEVLFWGLRD

LKRVNLAQVDRPRVDIECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNTLVKWFEV

DLPENELLHPPLNIRVVDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFIYRPPDRS

APSWNTTVRLLRRCRVLCNGGSSSHSTGEVVVTMEPEVPIKKLET

MVKLDATSEAVVKVDVAEEEKEKKKKKKGTAEEPEEEEPDESMLD

WWSKYFASIDTMKEQLRQQEPSGIDLEEKEEVDNTEGLKGSMKGK

EKARAAKEEKKKKTQSSGSGQGSEAPEKKKPKIDELKVYPKELESE

FDNFEDWLHTFNLLRGKTGDDEDGSTEEERIVGRFKGSLCVYKVPL

PEDVSREAGYDSTYGMFQGIPSNDPINVLVRVYVVRATDLHPADIN

GKADPYIAIRLGKTDIRDKENYISKQLNPVFGKSFDIEASFPMESMLT

VAVYDWDLVGTDDLIGETKIDLENRFYSKHRATCGIAQTYSTHGYNI

WRDPMKPSQILTRLCKDGKVDGPHFGPPGRVKVANRVFTGPSEIE

DENGQRKPTDEHVALLALRHWEDIPRAGCRLVPEHVETRPLLNPD

KPGIEQGRLELWVDMFPMDMPAPGTPLDISPRKPKKYELRVIIWNT

DEVVLEDDDFFTGEKSSDIFVRGWLKGQQEDKQDTDVHYHSLTGE

GNFNWRYLFPFDYLAAEEKIVISKKESMFSWDETEYKIPARLTLQIW

DADHFSADDFLGAIELDLNRFPRGAKTAKQCTMEMATGEVDVPLV

SIFKQKRVKGWWPLLARNENDEFELTGKVEAELHLLTAEEAEKNPV

GLARNEPDPLEKPNRPDTAFVWFLNPLKSIKYLICTRYKWLIIKIVLAL

LGLLMLGLFLYSLPGYMVKKLLGA

6
mOTOF-201_1
MALIVHLKTVSELRGKGDRIAKVTFRGQSFYSRVLENCEGVADFDE

protein
TFRWPVASSIDRNEVLEIQIFNYSKVFSNKLIGTFCMVLQKVVEENR

(NP_114081.2),
VEVTDTLMDDSNAIIKTSLSMEVRYQATDGTVGPWDDGDFLGDESL

mouse otoferlin
QEEKDSQETDGLLPGSRPSTRISGEKSFRRAGRSVFSAMKLGKTR

isoform 2, 1997 aa
SHKEEPQRQDEPAVLEMEDLDHLAIQLGDGLDPDSVSLASVTALTS

NVSNKRSKPDIKMEPSAGRPMDYQVSITVIEARQLVGLNMDPVVCV

EVGDDKKYTSMKESTNCPYYNEYFVFDFHVSPDVMFDKIIKISVIHS

KNLLRSGTLVGSFKMDVGTVYSQPEHQFHHKWAILSDPDDISAGLK

GYVKCDVAVVGKGDNIKTPHKANETDEDDIEGNLLLPEGVPPERQ

WARFYVKIYRAEGLPRMNTSLMANVKKAFIGENKDLVDPYVQVFFA

GQKGKTSVQKSSYEPLWNEQVVFTDLFPPLCKRMKVQIRDSDKVN

DVAIGTHFIDLRKISNDGDKGFLPTLGPAWVNMYGSTRNYTLLDEH

QDLNEGLGEGVSFRARLMLGLAVEILDTSNPELTSSTEVQVEQATP

VSESCTGRMEEFFLFGAFLEASMIDRKNGDKPITFEVTIGNYGNEV

DGMSRPLRPRPRKEPGDEEEVDLIQNSSDDEGDEAGDLASVSSTP

PMRPQITDRNYFHLPYLERKPCIYIKSWWPDQRRRLYNANIMDHIA

DKLEEGLNDVQEMIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSCGCHRFLSLSDKD

QGRSSRTRLDRERLKSCMRELESMGQQAKSLRAQVKRHTVRDKL

RSCQNFLQKLRFLADEPQHSIPDVFIWMMSNNKRIAYARVPSKDLL

FSIVEEELGKDCAKVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWTVQAKLELYLWLG

LSKQRKDFLCGLPCGFEEVKAAQGLGLHSFPPISLVYTKKQAFQLR

AHMYQARSLFAADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTEVLNETLCPTWD

QMLVFDNLELYGEAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGKADFMGRTFAKP

LVKMADEAYCPPRFPPQLEYYQIYRGSATAGDLLAAFELLQIGPSG

KADLPPINGPVDMDRGPIMPVPVGIRPVLSKYRVEVLFWGLRDLKR

VNLAQVDRPRVDIECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNTLVKWFEVDLP

ENELLHPPLNIRVVDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFIYRPPDRSAP

NWNTTVRLLRGCHRLRNGGPSSRPTGEVVVSMEPEEPVKKLETM

VKLDATSDAVVKVDVAEDEKERKKKKKKGPSEEPEEEEPDESMLD

WWSKYFASIDTMKEQLRQHETSGTDLEEKEEMESAEGLKGPMKS

KEKSRAAKEEKKKKNQSPGPGQGSEAPEKKKAKIDELKVYPKELES

EFDSFEDWLHTFNLLRGKTGDDEDGSTEEERIVGRFKGSLCVYKV

PLPEDVSREAGYDPTYGMFQGIPSNDPINVLVRIYVVRATDLHPADI

NGKADPYIAIKLGKTDIRDKENYISKQLNPVFGKSFDIEASFPMESML

TVAVYDWDLVGTDDLIGETKIDLENRFYSKHRATCGIAQTYSIHGYN

IWRDPMKPSQILTRLCKEGKVDGPHFGPHGRVRVANRVFTGPSEIE

DENGQRKPTDEHVALSALRHWEDIPRVGCRLVPEHVETRPLLNPD

KPGIEQGRLELWVDMFPMDMPAPGTPLDISPRKPKKYELRVIVWNT

DEVVLEDDDFFTGEKSSDIFVRGWLKGQQEDKQDTDVHYHSLTGE

GNFNWRYLFPFDYLAAEEKIVMSKKESMFSWDETEYKIPARLTLQI

WDADHFSADDFLGAIELDLNRFPRGAKTAKQCTMEMATGEVDVPL

VSIFKQKRVKGWWPLLARNENDEFELTGKVEAELHLLTAEEAEKNP

VGLARNEPDPLEKPNRPDTSFIWFLNPLKSARYFLWHTYRWLLLKF

LLLFLLLLLFALFLYSLPGYLAKKILGA

7
mOTOF-201_2
MALIVHLKTVSELRGKGDRIAKVTFRGQSFYSRVLENCEGVADFDE

protein
TFRWPVASSIDRNEVLEIQIFNYSKVFSNKLIGTFCMVLQKVVEENR

(NP_001273350.1),
VEVTDTLMDDSNAIIKTSLSMEVRYQATDGTVGPWDDGDFLGDESL

mouse otoferlin
QEEKDSQETDGLLPGSRPSTRISGEKSFRRAGRSVFSAMKLGKTR

isoform 3, 1977 aa
SHKEEPQRQDEPAVLEMEDLDHLAIQLGDGLDPDSVSLASVTALTS

NVSNKRSKPDIKMEPSAGRPMDYQVSITVIEARQLVGLNMDPVVCV

EVGDDKKYTSMKESTNCPYYNEYFVFDFHVSPDVMFDKIIKISVIHS

KNLLRSGTLVGSFKMDVGTVYSQPEHQFHHKWAILSDPDDISAGLK

GYVKCDVAVVGKGDNIKTPHKANETDEDDIEGNLLLPEGVPPERQ

WARFYVKIYRAEGLPRMNTSLMANVKKAFIGENKDLVDPYVQVFFA

GQKGKTSVQKSSYEPLWNEQVVFTDLFPPLCKRMKVQIRDSDKVN

DVAIGTHFIDLRKISNDGDKGFLPTLGPAWVNMYGSTRNYTLLDEH

QDLNEGLGEGVSFRARLMLGLAVEILDTSNPELTSSTEVQVEQATP

VSESCTGRMEEFFLFGAFLEASMIDRKNGDKPITFEVTIGNYGNEV

DGMSRPLRPRPRKEPGDEEEVDLIQNSSDDEGDEAGDLASVSSTP

PMRPQITDRNYFHLPYLERKPCIYIKSWWPDQRRRLYNANIMDHIA

DKLEEGLNDVQEMIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSCGCHRFLSLSDKD

QGRSSRTRLDRERLKSCMRELESMGQQAKSLRAQVKRHTVRDKL

RSCQNFLQKLRFLADEPQHSIPDVFIWMMSNNKRIAYARVPSKDLL

FSIVEEELGKDCAKVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWTVQAKLELYLWLG

LSKQRKDFLCGLPCGFEEVKAAQGLGLHSFPPISLVYTKKQAFQLR

AHMYQARSLFAADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTEVLNETLCPTWD

QMLVFDNLELYGEAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGKADFMGRTFAKP

LVKMADEAYCPPRFPPQLEYYQIYRGSATAGDLLAAFELLQIGPSG

KADLPPINGPVDMDRGPIMPVPVGIRPVLSKYRVEVLFWGLRDLKR

VNLAQVDRPRVDIECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNTLVKWFEVDLP

ENELLHPPLNIRVVDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFIYRPPDRSAP

NWNTTGEVVVSMEPEEPVKKLETMVKLDATSDAVVKVDVAEDEKE

RKKKKKKGPSEEPEEEEPDESMLDWWSKYFASIDTMKEQLRQHET

SGTDLEEKEEMESAEGLKGPMKSKEKSRAAKEEKKKKNQSPGPG

QGSEAPEKKKAKIDELKVYPKELESEFDSFEDWLHTFNLLRGKTGD

DEDGSTEEERIVGRFKGSLCVYKVPLPEDVSREAGYDPTYGMFQGI

PSNDPINVLVRIYVVRATDLHPADINGKADPYIAIKLGKTDIRDKENYI

SKQLNPVFGKSFDIEASFPMESMLTVAVYDWDLVGTDDLIGETKIDL

ENRFYSKHRATCGIAQTYSIHGYNIWRDPMKPSQILTRLCKEGKVD

GPHFGPHGRVRVANRVFTGPSEIEDENGQRKPTDEHVALSALRHW

EDIPRVGCRLVPEHVETRPLLNPDKPGIEQGRLELWVDMFPMDMP

APGTPLDISPRKPKKYELRVIVWNTDEVVLEDDDFFTGEKSSDIFVR

GWLKGQQEDKQDTDVHYHSLTGEGNFNWRYLFPFDYLAAEEKIV

MSKKESMFSWDETEYKIPARLTLQIWDADHFSADDFLGAIELDLNR

FPRGAKTAKQCTMEMATGEVDVPLVSIFKQKRVKGWWPLLARNEN

DEFELTGKVEAELHLLTAEEAEKNPVGLARNEPDPLEKPNRPDTSFI

WFLNPLKSARYFLWHTYRWLLLKFLLLFLLLLLFALFLYSLPGYLAKK

ILGA

8
mOTOF-202_1
MALIVHLKTVSELRGKGDRIAKVTFRGQSFYSRVLENCEGVADFDE

protein
TFRWPVASSIDRNEVLEIQIFNYSKVFSNKLIGTFCMVLQKVVEENR

(NP_001093865.1),
VEVTDTLMDDSNAIIKTSLSMEVRYQATDGTVGPWDDGDFLGDESL

mouse otoferlin
QEEKDSQETDGLLPGSRPSTRISGEKSFRSKGREKTKGGRDGEHK

isoform 1, 1992 aa
AGRSVFSAMKLGKTRSHKEEPQRQDEPAVLEMEDLDHLAIQLGDG

LDPDSVSLASVTALTSNVSNKRSKPDIKMEPSAGRPMDYQVSITVIE

ARQLVGLNMDPVVCVEVGDDKKYTSMKESTNCPYYNEYFVFDFHV

SPDVMFDKIIKISVIHSKNLLRSGTLVGSFKMDVGTVYSQPEHQFHH

KWAILSDPDDISAGLKGYVKCDVAVVGKGDNIKTPHKANETDEDDIE

GNLLLPEGVPPERQWARFYVKIYRAEGLPRMNTSLMANVKKAFIGE

NKDLVDPYVQVFFAGQKGKTSVQKSSYEPLWNEQVVFTDLFPPLC

KRMKVQIRDSDKVNDVAIGTHFIDLRKISNDGDKGFLPTLGPAWVN

MYGSTRNYTLLDEHQDLNEGLGEGVSFRARLMLGLAVEILDTSNPE

LTSSTEVQVEQATPVSESCTGRMEEFFLFGAFLEASMIDRKNGDKP

ITFEVTIGNYGNEVDGMSRPLRPRPRKEPGDEEEVDLIQNSSDDEG

DEAGDLASVSSTPPMRPQITDRNYFHLPYLERKPCIYIKSWWPDQR

RRLYNANIMDHIADKLEEGLNDVQEMIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSC

GCHRFLSLSDKDQGRSSRTRLDRERLKSCMRELESMGQQAKSLR

AQVKRHTVRDKLRSCQNFLQKLRFLADEPQHSIPDVFIWMMSNNK

RIAYARVPSKDLLFSIVEEELGKDCAKVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWT

VQAKLELYLWLGLSKQRKDFLCGLPCGFEEVKAAQGLGLHSFPPIS

LVYTKKQAFQLRAHMYQARSLFAADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTE

VLNETLCPTWDQMLVFDNLELYGEAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGK

ADFMGRTFAKPLVKMADEAYCPPRFPPQLEYYQIYRGSATAGDLLA

AFELLQIGPSGKADLPPINGPVDMDRGPIMPVPVGIRPVLSKYRVEV

LFWGLRDLKRVNLAQVDRPRVDIECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNT

LVKWFEVDLPENELLHPPLNIRVVDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFI

YRPPDRSAPNWNTTGEVVVSMEPEEPVKKLETMVKLDATSDAVVK

VDVAEDEKERKKKKKKGPSEEPEEEEPDESMLDWWSKYFASIDTM

KEQLRQHETSGTDLEEKEEMESAEGLKGPMKSKEKSRAAKEEKKK

KNQSPGPGQGSEAPEKKKAKIDELKVYPKELESEFDSFEDWLHTF

NLLRGKTGDDEDGSTEEERIVGRFKGSLCVYKVPLPEDVSREAGY

DPTYGMFQGIPSNDPINVLVRIYVVRATDLHPADINGKADPYIAIKLG

KTDIRDKENYISKQLNPVFGKSFDIEASFPMESMLTVAVYDWDLVG

TDDLIGETKIDLENRFYSKHRATCGIAQTYSIFIGYNIWRDPMKPSQIL

TRLCKEGKVDGPHFGPHGRVRVANRVFTGPSEIEDENGQRKPTDE

HVALSALRHWEDIPRVGCRLVPEHVETRPLLNPDKPGIEQGRLELW

VDMFPMDMPAPGTPLDISPRKPKKYELRVIVWNTDEVVLEDDDFFT

GEKSSDIFVRGWLKGQQEDKQDTDVHYHSLTGEGNFNWRYLFPF

DYLAAEEKIVMSKKESMFSWDETEYKIPARLTLQIWDADHFSADDF

LGAIELDLNRFPRGAKTAKQCTMEMATGEVDVPLVSIFKQKRVKGW

WPLLARNENDEFELTGKVEAELHLLTAEEAEKNPVGLARNEPDPLE

KPNRPDTAFVWFLNPLKSIKYLICTRYKWLIIKIVLALLGLLMLALFLY

SLPGYMVKKLLGA

9
mOTOF-202_2
MALIVHLKTVSELRGKGDRIAKVTFRGQSFYSRVLENCEGVADFDE

protein
TFRWPVASSIDRNEVLEIQIFNYSKVFSNKLIGTFCMVLQKVVEENR

(NP_001300696.1),
VEVTDTLMDDSNAIIKTSLSMEVRYQATDGTVGPWDDGDFLGDESL

mouse otoferlin
QEEKDSQETDGLLPGSRPSTRISGEKSFRRAGRSVFSAMKLGKTR

isoform 4, 1977 aa
SHKEEPQRQDEPAVLEMEDLDHLAIQLGDGLDPDSVSLASVTALTS

NVSNKRSKPDIKMEPSAGRPMDYQVSITVIEARQLVGLNMDPVVCV

EVGDDKKYTSMKESTNCPYYNEYFVFDFHVSPDVMFDKIIKISVIHS

KNLLRSGTLVGSFKMDVGTVYSQPEHQFHHKWAILSDPDDISAGLK

GYVKCDVAVVGKGDNIKTPHKANETDEDDIEGNLLLPEGVPPERQ

WARFYVKIYRAEGLPRMNTSLMANVKKAFIGENKDLVDPYVQVFFA

GQKGKTSVQKSSYEPLWNEQVVFTDLFPPLCKRMKVQIRDSDKVN

DVAIGTHFIDLRKISNDGDKGFLPTLGPAWVNMYGSTRNYTLLDEH

QDLNEGLGEGVSFRARLMLGLAVEILDTSNPELTSSTEVQVEQATP

VSESCTGRMEEFFLFGAFLEASMIDRKNGDKPITFEVTIGNYGNEV

DGMSRPLRPRPRKEPGDEEEVDLIQNSSDDEGDEAGDLASVSSTP

PMRPQITDRNYFHLPYLERKPCIYIKSWWPDQRRRLYNANIMDHIA

DKLEEGLNDVQEMIKTEKSYPERRLRGVLEELSCGCHRFLSLSDKD

QGRSSRTRLDRERLKSCMRELESMGQQAKSLRAQVKRHTVRDKL

RSCQNFLQKLRFLADEPQHSIPDVFIWMMSNNKRIAYARVPSKDLL

FSIVEEELGKDCAKVKTLFLKLPGKRGFGSAGWTVQAKLELYLWLG

LSKQRKDFLCGLPCGFEEVKAAQGLGLHSFPPISLVYTKKQAFQLR

AHMYQARSLFAADSSGLSDPFARVFFINQSQCTEVLNETLCPTWD

QMLVFDNLELYGEAHELRDDPPIIVIEIYDQDSMGKADFMGRTFAKP

LVKMADEAYCPPRFPPQLEYYQIYRGSATAGDLLAAFELLQIGPSG

KADLPPINGPVDMDRGPIMPVPVGIRPVLSKYRVEVLFWGLRDLKR

VNLAQVDRPRVDIECAGKGVQSSLIHNYKKNPNFNTLVKWFEVDLP

ENELLHPPLNIRVVDCRAFGRYTLVGSHAVSSLRRFIYRPPDRSAP

NWNTTGEVVVSMEPEEPVKKLETMVKLDATSDAVVKVDVAEDEKE

RKKKKKKGPSEEPEEEEPDESMLDWWSKYFASIDTMKEQLRQHET

SGTDLEEKEEMESAEGLKGPMKSKEKSRAAKEEKKKKNQSPGPG

QGSEAPEKKKAKIDELKVYPKELESEFDSFEDWLHTFNLLRGKTGD

DEDGSTEEERIVGRFKGSLCVYKVPLPEDVSREAGYDPTYGMFQGI

PSNDPINVLVRIYVVRATDLHPADINGKADPYIAIKLGKTDIRDKENYI

SKQLNPVFGKSFDIEASFPMESMLTVAVYDWDLVGTDDLIGETKIDL

ENRFYSKHRATCGIAQTYSIHGYNIWRDPMKPSQILTRLCKEGKVD

GPHFGPHGRVRVANRVFTGPSEIEDENGQRKPTDEHVALSALRHW

EDIPRVGCRLVPEHVETRPLLNPDKPGIEQGRLELWVDMFPMDMP

APGTPLDISPRKPKKYELRVIVWNTDEVVLEDDDFFTGEKSSDIFVR

GWLKGQQEDKQDTDVHYHSLTGEGNFNWRYLFPFDYLAAEEKIV

MSKKESMFSWDETEYKIPARLTLQIWDADHFSADDFLGAIELDLNR

FPRGAKTAKQCTMEMATGEVDVPLVSIFKQKRVKGWWPLLARNEN

DEFELTGKVEAELHLLTAEEAEKNPVGLARNEPDPLEKPNRPDTAF

VWFLNPLKSIKYLICTRYKWLIIKIVLALLGLLMLALFLYSLPGYMVKK

LLGA

10
OTOF-201 transcript
ATCGGAGGGGGGTCGGGAGGAGGAGGAGGAGGCAGCGGCAG

(NM_194248.1),
AGAAGAGAGAGGCGTGTGAGCCGTGCTCCACCGGCTAGCTCCT

human otoferlin
TCCCGCTGCTCCTGCCTGGCAGTGCCAGGCAGCCCACACCAGC

transcript variant 1,
ATGGCCTTGCTCATCCACCTCAAGACAGTCTCGGAGCTGCGGG

7156 bp, encodes
GCAGGGGCGACCGGATCGCCAAAGTGACTTTCCGAGGGCAATC

the protein of SEQ
CTTCTACTCTCGGGTCCTGGAGAACTGTGAGGATGTGGCTGACT

ID NO: 1
TTGATGAGACATTTCGGTGGCCGGTGGCCAGCAGCATCGACAG

AAATGAGATGCTGGAGATTCAGGTTTTCAACTACAGCAAAGTCTT

CAGCAACAAGCTCATCGGGACCTTCCGCATGGTGCTGCAGAAG

GTGGTAGAGGAGAGCCATGTGGAGGTGACTGACACGCTGATTG

ATGACAACAATGCTATCATCAAGACCAGCCTGTGCGTGGAGGTC

CGGTATCAGGCCACTGACGGCACAGTGGGCTCCTGGGACGATG

GGGACTTCCTGGGAGATGAGTCTCTTCAAGAGGAAGAGAAGGA

CAGCCAAGAGACGGATGGACTGCTCCCAGGCTCCCGGCCCAGC

TCCCGGCCCCCAGGAGAGAAGAGCTTCCGGAGAGCCGGGAGG

AGCGTGTTCTCCGCCATGAAGCTCGGCAAAAACCGGTCTCACAA

GGAGGAGCCCCAAAGACCAGATGAACCGGCGGTGCTGGAGAT

GGAAGACCTTGACCATCTGGCCATTCGGCTAGGAGATGGACTG

GATCCCGACTCGGTGTCTCTAGCCTCAGTCACAGCTCTCACCAC

TAATGTCTCCAACAAGCGATCTAAGCCAGACATTAAGATGGAGC

CAAGTGCTGGGCGGCCCATGGATTACCAGGTCAGCATCACGGT

GATCGAGGCCCGGCAGCTGGTGGGCTTGAACATGGACCCTGTG

GTGTGCGTGGAGGTGGGTGACGACAAGAAGTACACATCCATGA

AGGAGTCCACTAACTGCCCCTATTACAACGAGTACTTCGTCTTC

GACTTCCATGTCTCTCCGGATGTCATGTTTGACAAGATCATCAAG

ATTTCGGTGATTCACTCCAAGAACCTGCTGCGCAGTGGCACCCT

GGTGGGCTCCTTCAAAATGGACGTGGGAACCGTGTACTCGCAG

CCAGAGCACCAGTTCCATCACAAGTGGGCCATCCTGTCTGACCC

CGATGACATCTCCTCGGGGCTGAAGGGCTACGTGAAGTGTGAC

GTTGCCGTGGTGGGCAAAGGGGACAACATCAAGACGCCCCACA

AGGCCAATGAGACCGACGAAGATGACATTGAGGGGAACTTGCT

GCTCCCCGAGGGGGTGCCCCCCGAACGCCAGTGGGCCCGGTT

CTATGTGAAAATTTACCGAGCAGAGGGGCTGCCCCGTATGAACA

CAAGCCTCATGGCCAATGTAAAGAAGGCTTTCATCGGTGAAAAC

AAGGACCTCGTGGACCCCTACGTGCAAGTCTTCTTTGCTGGCCA

GAAGGGCAAGACTTCAGTGCAGAAGAGCAGCTATGAGCCCCTG

TGGAATGAGCAGGTCGTCTTTACAGACCTCTTCCCCCCACTCTG

CAAACGCATGAAGGTGCAGATCCGAGACTCGGACAAGGTCAAC

GACGTGGCCATCGGCACCCACTTCATTGACCTGCGCAAGATTTC

TAATGACGGAGACAAAGGCTTCCTGCCCACACTGGGCCCAGCC

TGGGTGAACATGTACGGCTCCACACGTAACTACACGCTGCTGGA

TGAGCATCAGGACCTGAACGAGGGCCTGGGGGAGGGTGTGTC

CTTCCGGGCCCGGCTCCTGCTGGGCCTGGCTGTGGAGATCGTA

GACACCTCCAACCCTGAGCTCACCAGCTCCACAGAGGTGCAGG

TGGAGCAGGCCACGCCCATCTCGGAGAGCTGTGCAGGTAAAAT

GGAAGAATTCTTTCTCTTTGGAGCCTTCCTGGAGGCCTCAATGA

TCGACCGGAGAAACGGAGACAAGCCCATCACCTTTGAGGTCAC

CATAGGCAACTATGGGAACGAAGTTGATGGCCTGTCCCGGCCC

CAGCGGCCTCGGCCCCGGAAGGAGCCGGGGGATGAGGAAGAA

GTAGACCTGATTCAGAACGCAAGTGATGACGAGGCCGGTGATG

CCGGGGACCTGGCCTCAGTCTCCTCCACTCCACCAATGCGGCC

CCAGGTCACCGACAGGAACTACTTCCATCTGCCCTACCTGGAGC

GAAAGCCCTGCATCTACATCAAGAGCTGGTGGCCGGACCAGCG

CCGCCGCCTCTACAATGCCAACATCATGGACCACATTGCCGACA

AGCTGGAAGAAGGCCTGAACGACATACAGGAGATGATCAAAAC

GGAGAAGTCCTACCCTGAGCGTCGCCTGCGGGGCGTCCTGGA

GGAGCTGAGCTGTGGCTGCTGCCGCTTCCTCTCCCTCGCTGAC

AAGGACCAGGGCCACTCATCCCGCACCAGGCTTGACCGGGAGC

GCCTCAAGTCCTGCATGAGGGAGCTGGAAAACATGGGGCAGCA

GGCCAGGATGCTGCGGGCCCAGGTGAAGCGGCACACGGTGCG

GGACAAGCTGAGGCTGTGCCAGAACTTCCTGCAGAAGCTGCGC

TTCCTGGCGGACGAGCCCCAGCACAGCATTCCCGACATCTTCAT

CTGGATGATGAGCAACAACAAGCGTGTCGCCTATGCCCGTGTG

CCCTCCAAGGACCTGCTCTTCTCCATCGTGGAGGAGGAGACTG

GCAAGGACTGCGCCAAGGTCAAGACGCTCTTCCTTAAGCTGCC

AGGGAAGCGGGGCTTCGGCTCGGCAGGCTGGACAGTGCAGGC

CAAGGTGGAGCTGTACCTGTGGCTGGGCCTCAGCAAACAGCGC

AAGGAGTTCCTGTGCGGCCTGCCCTGTGGCTTCCAGGAGGTCA

AGGCAGCCCAGGGCCTGGGCCTGCATGCCTTCCCACCCGTCAG

CCTGGTCTACACCAAGAAGCAGGCGTTCCAGCTCCGAGCGCAC

ATGTACCAGGCCCGCAGCCTCTTTGCCGCCGACAGCAGCGGAC

TCTCAGACCCCTTTGCCCGCGTCTTCTTCATCAATCAGAGTCAG

TGCACAGAGGTGCTGAATGAGACCCTGTGTCCCACCTGGGACC

AGATGCTGGTGTTCGACAACCTGGAGCTCTATGGTGAAGCTCAT

GAGCTGAGGGACGATCCGCCCATCATTGTCATTGAAATCTATGA

CCAGGATTCCATGGGCAAAGCTGACTTCATGGGCCGGACCTTC

GCCAAACCCCTGGTGAAGATGGCAGACGAGGCGTACTGCCCAC

CCCGCTTCCCACCTCAGCTCGAGTACTACCAGATCTACCGTGGC

AACGCCACAGCTGGAGACCTGCTGGCGGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGC

AGATTGGACCAGCAGGGAAGGCTGACCTGCCCCCCATCAATGG

CCCGGTGGACGTGGACCGAGGTCCCATCATGCCCGTGCCCATG

GGCATCCGGCCCGTGCTCAGCAAGTACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGT

TCTGGGGCCTACGGGACCTAAAGCGGGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGT

GGACCGGCCACGGGTGGACATCGAGTGTGCAGGGAAGGGGGT

GCAGTCGTCCCTGATCCACAATTATAAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCA

ACACCCTCGTCAAGTGGTTTGAAGTGGACCTCCCAGAGAACGA

GCTGCTGCACCCGCCCTTGAACATCCGTGTGGTGGACTGCCGG

GCCTTCGGTCGCTACACACTGGTGGGCTCCCATGCCGTCAGCT

CCCTGCGACGCTTCATCTACCGGCCCCCAGACCGCTCGGCCCC

CAGCTGGAACACCACGGTCAGGCTTCTCCGGCGCTGCCGTGTG

CTGTGCAATGGGGGCTCCTCCTCTCACTCCACAGGGGAGGTTG

TGGTGACTATGGAGCCAGAGGTACCCATCAAGAAACTGGAGAC

CATGGTGAAGCTGGACGCGACTTCTGAAGCTGTTGTCAAGGTG

GATGTGGCTGAGGAGGAGAAGGAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAGG

GCACTGCGGAGGAGCCAGAGGAGGAGGAGCCAGACGAGAGCA

TGCTGGACTGGTGGTCCAAGTACTTTGCCTCCATTGACACCATG

AAGGAGCAACTTCGACAACAAGAGCCCTCTGGAATTGACTTGGA

GGAGAAGGAGGAAGTGGACAATACCGAGGGCCTGAAGGGGTC

AATGAAGGGCAAGGAGAAGGCAAGGGCTGCCAAAGAGGAGAAG

AAGAAGAAAACTCAGAGCTCTGGCTCTGGCCAGGGGTCCGAGG

CCCCCGAGAAGAAGAAACCCAAGATTGATGAGCTTAAGGTATAC

CCCAAAGAGCTGGAGTCCGAGTTTGATAACTTTGAGGACTGGCT

GCACACTTTCAACTTGCTTCGGGGCAAGACCGGGGATGATGAG

GATGGCTCCACCGAGGAGGAGCGCATTGTGGGACGCTTCAAGG

GCTCCCTCTGCGTGTACAAAGTGCCACTCCCAGAGGACGTGTC

CCGGGAAGCCGGCTACGACTCCACCTACGGCATGTTCCAGGGC

ATCCCGAGCAATGACCCCATCAATGTGCTGGTCCGAGTCTATGT

GGTCCGGGCCACGGACCTGCACCCTGCTGACATCAACGGCAAA

GCTGACCCCTACATCGCCATCCGGCTAGGCAAGACTGACATCC

GCGACAAGGAGAACTACATCTCCAAGCAGCTCAACCCTGTCTTT

GGGAAGTCCTTTGACATCGAGGCCTCCTTCCCCATGGAATCCAT

GCTGACGGTGGCTGTGTATGACTGGGACCTGGTGGGCACTGAT

GACCTCATTGGGGAAACCAAGATCGACCTGGAGAACCGCTTCTA

CAGCAAGCACCGCGCCACCTGCGGCATCGCCCAGACCTACTCC

ACACATGGCTACAATATCTGGCGGGACCCCATGAAGCCCAGCC

AGATCCTGACCCGCCTCTGCAAAGACGGCAAAGTGGACGGCCC

CCACTTTGGGCCCCCTGGGAGAGTGAAGGTGGCCAACCGCGTC

TTCACTGGGCCCTCTGAGATTGAGGACGAGAACGGTCAGAGGA

AGCCCACAGACGAGCATGTGGCGCTGTTGGCCCTGAGGCACTG

GGAGGACATCCCCCGCGCAGGCTGCCGCCTGGTGCCAGAGCA

TGTGGAGACGAGGCCGCTGCTCAACCCCGACAAGCCGGGCATC

GAGCAGGGCCGCCTGGAGCTGTGGGTGGACATGTTCCCCATGG

ACATGCCAGCCCCTGGGACGCCTCTGGACATCTCACCTCGGAA

GCCCAAGAAGTACGAGCTGCGGGTCATCATCTGGAACACAGAT

GAGGTGGTCTTGGAGGACGACGACTTCTTCACAGGGGAGAAGT

CCAGTGACATCTTCGTGAGGGGGTGGCTGAAGGGCCAGCAGGA

GGACAAGCAGGACACAGACGTCCACTACCACTCCCTCACTGGC

GAGGGCAACTTCAACTGGCGCTACCTGTTCCCCTTCGACTACCT

GGCGGCGGAGGAGAAGATCGTCATCTCCAAGAAGGAGTCCATG

TTCTCCTGGGACGAGACCGAGTACAAGATCCCCGCGCGGCTCA

CCCTGCAGATCTGGGATGCGGACCACTTCTCCGCTGACGACTT

CCTGGGGGCCATCGAGCTGGACCTGAACCGGTTCCCGCGGGG

CGCAAAGACAGCCAAGCAGTGCACCATGGAGATGGCCACCGGG

GAGGTGGACGTGCCCCTCGTGTCCATCTTCAAGCAAAAGCGCG

TCAAAGGCTGGTGGCCCCTCCTGGCCCGCAATGAGAACGATGA

GTTTGAGCTCACGGGCAAGGTGGAGGCTGAGCTGCATTTACTG

ACAGCAGAGGAGGCAGAGAAGAACCCAGTGGGCCTGGCCCGC

AATGAACCTGACCCCCTAGAGAAACCCAACCGGCCCGACACGA

GCTTCATCTGGTTCCTGAACCCTCTCAAGTCGGCTCGCTACTTC

TTGTGGCACACGTATCGCTGGCTGCTCCTCAAACTGTTGCTGCT

CCTGCTGCTGCTCCTCCTCCTCGCCCTGTTCCTCTACTCTGTGC

CTGGCTACCTGGTCAAGAAAATCCTCGGGGCCTGAGCCCAGTG

GCCTCCTGGCCGGCCCGACACGGCCTTCGTCTGGTTCCTCAAC

CCTCTCAAGTCCATCAAGTACCTCATCTGCACCCGGTACAAGTG

GCTCATCATCAAGATCGTGCTGGCGCTGTTGGGGCTGCTCATGT

TGGGGCTCTTCCTCTACAGCCTCCCTGGCTACATGGTCAAAAAG

CTCCTTGGGGCATGAAGGCCGCCAGCTCCCGCCAGCCGCTCCC

CAGCCCTGCCGCATTTCCTTTCAGTGGCTTGGACTCTTTCCCAT

CTCCCCTGGGGAGCCTGAGGAGCCCAGCGTCCACTCTTCATGC

CTTGGGCCGAGCCTGCCTCCTGCTTGCGGGGGCCGCCTGTCCT

CACTGCCCCAGGCTGCGGCTTGCCCAGTCCCGCCCCTCTGACC

CCTGCCTGTGGGCTGGGGAGCCTTGGATGGGGTGGGGACCTG

GAATGGGTCTCTCTTGCCCCACCTGGCTGAGGCGCCACCCTTC

TTCAGGCCCAGGCTCCAGAGGAAGACTCCTGAAACCCTCCCCA

GGTCTTCCAAGTACAGGATTGAAGCTTTAGTGAAATTAACCAAG

GACCATGGGTCAGTGCCCAGGGCTTTAAAAAGAATGAACGAGC

AAAAGGTATCCCCGCCGTGACCCCTGCAGATAGCACCGGTCTTT

GATCCGCAGCAGGGGCCAGACCCTGCCCACAAGTCCCAGCGC

GGCTGCTTCTGCCACTGCTGGGCTCCACTTGGCTCCTCTCACTT

CCCAGGGGGTCGCCTGTCCTGCCTGTGGGTTTCCATGGCTTCC

CAGAGCTCCCTCTGCCCCAGCCAGCGCCTCCAGGCCCAGCTGA

GGAGCTGTGAGAAGCAGCAGAGGGGACTCCCCATCCCGGGCA

CACCCTGTCCTCCCACCCCTGCCCCCTTGCCCTTCCAGCCCTTT

CAGCTGCAGCTGGGAGCTGGCCCGTCAAGTGCTGCCCCTGCCT

GTGTCTGGGTTTCTGTTGGCTGTTTTTCTTTTCTTGAGTGGTGAT

TTTTCTCTAAATAAAAGAAGTCAAGCACTGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

A

11
OTOF-202 transcript
CCGTGAGTTCTGCCCAGGCCCTGTGAGCTCACCAGAGCCACAG

(NM_004802.3),
ACTCACAGCCCAGAGGTGGCTTCTTCCTTCAGGAACTGAAGAAC

human otoferlin
CCCCATGAACACCAACATCTCCAGGTTCTGAGAACAGAACCTGG

transcript variant 2,
GAAATTGATGACTTCCTCATGATGACCGATACTCAGGATGGCCC

4954 bp, encodes
TAGCGAGAGCTCCCAGATCATGAGGAAGAAGGCCTGAACGACA

the protein of SEQ
TACAGGAGATGATCAAAACGGAGAAGTCCTACCCTGAGCGTCG

ID NO: 2
CCTGCGGGGCGTCCTGGAGGAGCTGAGCTGTGGCTGCTGCCG

CTTCCTCTCCCTCGCTGACAAGGACCAGGGCCACTCATCCCGC

ACCAGGCTTGACCGGGAGCGCCTCAAGTCCTGCATGAGGGAGC

TGGAAAACATGGGGCAGCAGGCCAGGATGCTGCGGGCCCAGG

TGAAGCGGCACACGGTGCGGGACAAGCTGAGGCTGTGCCAGAA

CTTCCTGCAGAAGCTGCGCTTCCTGGCGGACGAGCCCCAGCAC

AGCATTCCCGACATCTTCATCTGGATGATGAGCAACAACAAGCG

TGTCGCCTATGCCCGTGTGCCCTCCAAGGACCTGCTCTTCTCCA

TCGTGGAGGAGGAGACTGGCAAGGACTGCGCCAAGGTCAAGAC

GCTCTTCCTTAAGCTGCCAGGGAAGCGGGGCTTCGGCTCGGCA

GGCTGGACAGTGCAGGCCAAGGTGGAGCTGTACCTGTGGCTGG

GCCTCAGCAAACAGCGCAAGGAGTTCCTGTGCGGCCTGCCCTG

TGGCTTCCAGGAGGTCAAGGCAGCCCAGGGCCTGGGCCTGCAT

GCCTTCCCACCCGTCAGCCTGGTCTACACCAAGAAGCAGGCGT

TCCAGCTCCGAGCGCACATGTACCAGGCCCGCAGCCTCTTTGC

CGCCGACAGCAGCGGACTCTCAGACCCCTTTGCCCGCGTCTTC

TTCATCAATCAGAGTCAGTGCACAGAGGTGCTGAATGAGACCCT

GTGTCCCACCTGGGACCAGATGCTGGTGTTCGACAACCTGGAG

CTCTATGGTGAAGCTCATGAGCTGAGGGACGATCCGCCCATCAT

TGTCATTGAAATCTATGACCAGGATTCCATGGGCAAAGCTGACT

TCATGGGCCGGACCTTCGCCAAACCCCTGGTGAAGATGGCAGA

CGAGGCGTACTGCCCACCCCGCTTCCCACCTCAGCTCGAGTAC

TACCAGATCTACCGTGGCAACGCCACAGCTGGAGACCTGCTGG

CGGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGCAGATTGGACCAGCAGGGAAGGCTGA

CCTGCCCCCCATCAATGGCCCGGTGGACGTGGACCGAGGTCCC

ATCATGCCCGTGCCCATGGGCATCCGGCCCGTGCTCAGCAAGT

ACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGTTCTGGGGCCTACGGGACCTAAAGCG

GGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGTGGACCGGCCACGGGTGGACATCGA

GTGTGCAGGGAAGGGGGTGCAGTCGTCCCTGATCCACAATTAT

AAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCAACACCCTCGTCAAGTGGTTTGAAGT

GGACCTCCCAGAGAACGAGCTGCTGCACCCGCCCTTGAACATC

CGTGTGGTGGACTGCCGGGCCTTCGGTCGCTACACACTGGTGG

GCTCCCATGCCGTCAGCTCCCTGCGACGCTTCATCTACCGGCC

CCCAGACCGCTCGGCCCCCAGCTGGAACACCACGGGGGAGGT

TGTGGTGACTATGGAGCCAGAGGTACCCATCAAGAAACTGGAG

ACCATGGTGAAGCTGGACGCGACTTCTGAAGCTGTTGTCAAGGT

GGATGTGGCTGAGGAGGAGAAGGAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAG

GGCACTGCGGAGGAGCCAGAGGAGGAGGAGCCAGACGAGAGC

ATGCTGGACTGGTGGTCCAAGTACTTTGCCTCCATTGACACCAT

GAAGGAGCAACTTCGACAACAAGAGCCCTCTGGAATTGACTTGG

AGGAGAAGGAGGAAGTGGACAATACCGAGGGCCTGAAGGGGT

CAATGAAGGGCAAGGAGAAGGCAAGGGCTGCCAAAGAGGAGAA

GAAGAAGAAAACTCAGAGCTCTGGCTCTGGCCAGGGGTCCGAG

GCCCCCGAGAAGAAGAAACCCAAGATTGATGAGCTTAAGGTATA

CCCCAAAGAGCTGGAGTCCGAGTTTGATAACTTTGAGGACTGGC

TGCACACTTTCAACTTGCTTCGGGGCAAGACCGGGGATGATGA

GGATGGCTCCACCGAGGAGGAGCGCATTGTGGGACGCTTCAAG

GGCTCCCTCTGCGTGTACAAAGTGCCACTCCCAGAGGACGTGT

CCCGGGAAGCCGGCTACGACTCCACCTACGGCATGTTCCAGGG

CATCCCGAGCAATGACCCCATCAATGTGCTGGTCCGAGTCTATG

TGGTCCGGGCCACGGACCTGCACCCTGCTGACATCAACGGCAA

AGCTGACCCCTACATCGCCATCCGGCTAGGCAAGACTGACATC

CGCGACAAGGAGAACTACATCTCCAAGCAGCTCAACCCTGTCTT

TGGGAAGTCCTTTGACATCGAGGCCTCCTTCCCCATGGAATCCA

TGCTGACGGTGGCTGTGTATGACTGGGACCTGGTGGGCACTGA

TGACCTCATTGGGGAAACCAAGATCGACCTGGAGAACCGCTTCT

ACAGCAAGCACCGCGCCACCTGCGGCATCGCCCAGACCTACTC

CACACATGGCTACAATATCTGGCGGGACCCCATGAAGCCCAGC

CAGATCCTGACCCGCCTCTGCAAAGACGGCAAAGTGGACGGCC

CCCACTTTGGGCCCCCTGGGAGAGTGAAGGTGGCCAACCGCGT

CTTCACTGGGCCCTCTGAGATTGAGGACGAGAACGGTCAGAGG

AAGCCCACAGACGAGCATGTGGCGCTGTTGGCCCTGAGGCACT

GGGAGGACATCCCCCGCGCAGGCTGCCGCCTGGTGCCAGAGC

ATGTGGAGACGAGGCCGCTGCTCAACCCCGACAAGCCGGGCAT

CGAGCAGGGCCGCCTGGAGCTGTGGGTGGACATGTTCCCCATG

GACATGCCAGCCCCTGGGACGCCTCTGGACATCTCACCTCGGA

AGCCCAAGAAGTACGAGCTGCGGGTCATCATCTGGAACACAGA

TGAGGTGGTCTTGGAGGACGACGACTTCTTCACAGGGGAGAAG

TCCAGTGACATCTTCGTGAGGGGGTGGCTGAAGGGCCAGCAGG

AGGACAAGCAGGACACAGACGTCCACTACCACTCCCTCACTGG

CGAGGGCAACTTCAACTGGCGCTACCTGTTCCCCTTCGACTACC

TGGCGGCGGAGGAGAAGATCGTCATCTCCAAGAAGGAGTCCAT

GTTCTCCTGGGACGAGACCGAGTACAAGATCCCCGCGCGGCTC

ACCCTGCAGATCTGGGATGCGGACCACTTCTCCGCTGACGACTT

CCTGGGGGCCATCGAGCTGGACCTGAACCGGTTCCCGCGGGG

CGCAAAGACAGCCAAGCAGTGCACCATGGAGATGGCCACCGGG

GAGGTGGACGTGCCCCTCGTGTCCATCTTCAAGCAAAAGCGCG

TCAAAGGCTGGTGGCCCCTCCTGGCCCGCAATGAGAACGATGA

GTTTGAGCTCACGGGCAAGGTGGAGGCTGAGCTGCATTTACTG

ACAGCAGAGGAGGCAGAGAAGAACCCAGTGGGCCTGGCCCGC

AATGAACCTGACCCCCTAGAGAAACCCAACCGGCCCGACACGA

GCTTCATCTGGTTCCTGAACCCTCTCAAGTCGGCTCGCTACTTC

TTGTGGCACACGTATCGCTGGCTGCTCCTCAAACTGTTGCTGCT

CCTGCTGCTGCTCCTCCTCCTCGCCCTGTTCCTCTACTCTGTGC

CTGGCTACCTGGTCAAGAAAATCCTCGGGGCCTGAGCCCAGTG

GCCTCCTGGCCGGCCCGACACGGCCTTCGTCTGGTTCCTCAAC

CCTCTCAAGTCCATCAAGTACCTCATCTGCACCCGGTACAAGTG

GCTCATCATCAAGATCGTGCTGGCGCTGTTGGGGCTGCTCATGT

TGGGGCTCTTCCTCTACAGCCTCCCTGGCTACATGGTCAAAAAG

CTCCTTGGGGCATGAAGGCCGCCAGCTCCCGCCAGCCGCTCCC

CAGCCCTGCCGCATTTCCTTTCAGTGGCTTGGACTCTTTCCCAT

CTCCCCTGGGGAGCCTGAGGAGCCCAGCGTCCACTCTTCATGC

CTTGGGCCGAGCCTGCCTCCTGCTTGCGGGGGCCGCCTGTCCT

CACTGCCCCAGGCTGCGGCTTGCCCAGTCCCGCCCCTCTGACC

CCTGCCTGTGGGCTGGGGAGCCTTGGATGGGGTGGGGACCTG

GAATGGGTCTCTCTTGCCCCACCTGGCTGAGGCGCCACCCTTC

TTCAGGCCCAGGCTCCAGAGGAAGACTCCTGAAACCCTCCCCA

GGTCTTCCAAGTACAGGATTGAAGCTTTAGTGAAATTAACCAAG

GACCATGGGTCAGTGCCCAGGGCTTTAAAAAGAATGAACGAGC

AAAAGGTATCCCCGCCGTGACCCCTGCAGATAGCACCGGTCTTT

GATCCGCAGCAGGGGCCAGACCCTGCCCACAAGTCCCAGCGC

GGCTGCTTCTGCCACTGCTGGGCTCCACTTGGCTCCTCTCACTT

CCCAGGGGGTCGCCTGTCCTGCCTGTGGGTTTCCATGGCTTCC

CAGAGCTCCCTCTGCCCCAGCCAGCGCCTCCAGGCCCAGCTGA

GGAGCTGTGAGAAGCAGCAGAGGGGACTCCCCATCCCGGGCA

CACCCTGTCCTCCCACCCCTGCCCCCTTGCCCTTCCAGCCCTTT

CAGCTGCAGCTGGGAGCTGGCCCGTCAAGTGCTGCCCCTGCCT

GTGTCTGGGTTTCTGTTGGCTGTTTTTCTTTTCTTGAGTGGTGAT

TTTTCTCTAAATAAAAGAAGTCAAGCACTGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

A

12
OTOF-203 transcript
CCGTGAGTTCTGCCCAGGCCCTGTGAGCTCACCAGAGCCACAG

(NM_194323.2),
ACTCACAGCCCAGAGGTGGCTTCTTCCTTCAGGAACTGAAGAAC

human otoferlin
CCCCATGAACACCAACATCTCCAGGTTCTGAGAACAGAACCTGG

transcript variant 4,
GAAATTGATGACTTCCTCATGATGACCGATACTCAGGATGGCCC

4756 bp, encodes
TAGCGAGAGCTCCCAGATCATGAGGAAGAAGGCCTGAACGACA

the protein of SEQ
TACAGGAGATGATCAAAACGGAGAAGTCCTACCCTGAGCGTCG

ID NO: 3
CCTGCGGGGCGTCCTGGAGGAGCTGAGCTGTGGCTGCTGCCG

CTTCCTCTCCCTCGCTGACAAGGACCAGGGCCACTCATCCCGC

ACCAGGCTTGACCGGGAGCGCCTCAAGTCCTGCATGAGGGAGC

TGGAAAACATGGGGCAGCAGGCCAGGATGCTGCGGGCCCAGG

TGAAGCGGCACACGGTGCGGGACAAGCTGAGGCTGTGCCAGAA

CTTCCTGCAGAAGCTGCGCTTCCTGGCGGACGAGCCCCAGCAC

AGCATTCCCGACATCTTCATCTGGATGATGAGCAACAACAAGCG

TGTCGCCTATGCCCGTGTGCCCTCCAAGGACCTGCTCTTCTCCA

TCGTGGAGGAGGAGACTGGCAAGGACTGCGCCAAGGTCAAGAC

GCTCTTCCTTAAGCTGCCAGGGAAGCGGGGCTTCGGCTCGGCA

GGCTGGACAGTGCAGGCCAAGGTGGAGCTGTACCTGTGGCTGG

GCCTCAGCAAACAGCGCAAGGAGTTCCTGTGCGGCCTGCCCTG

TGGCTTCCAGGAGGTCAAGGCAGCCCAGGGCCTGGGCCTGCAT

GCCTTCCCACCCGTCAGCCTGGTCTACACCAAGAAGCAGGCGT

TCCAGCTCCGAGCGCACATGTACCAGGCCCGCAGCCTCTTTGC

CGCCGACAGCAGCGGACTCTCAGACCCCTTTGCCCGCGTCTTC

TTCATCAATCAGAGTCAGTGCACAGAGGTGCTGAATGAGACCCT

GTGTCCCACCTGGGACCAGATGCTGGTGTTCGACAACCTGGAG

CTCTATGGTGAAGCTCATGAGCTGAGGGACGATCCGCCCATCAT

TGTCATTGAAATCTATGACCAGGATTCCATGGGCAAAGCTGACT

TCATGGGCCGGACCTTCGCCAAACCCCTGGTGAAGATGGCAGA

CGAGGCGTACTGCCCACCCCGCTTCCCACCTCAGCTCGAGTAC

TACCAGATCTACCGTGGCAACGCCACAGCTGGAGACCTGCTGG

CGGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGCAGATTGGACCAGCAGGGAAGGCTGA

CCTGCCCCCCATCAATGGCCCGGTGGACGTGGACCGAGGTCCC

ATCATGCCCGTGCCCATGGGCATCCGGCCCGTGCTCAGCAAGT

ACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGTTCTGGGGCCTACGGGACCTAAAGCG

GGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGTGGACCGGCCACGGGTGGACATCGA

GTGTGCAGGGAAGGGGGTGCAGTCGTCCCTGATCCACAATTAT

AAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCAACACCCTCGTCAAGTGGTTTGAAGT

GGACCTCCCAGAGAACGAGCTGCTGCACCCGCCCTTGAACATC

CGTGTGGTGGACTGCCGGGCCTTCGGTCGCTACACACTGGTGG

GCTCCCATGCCGTCAGCTCCCTGCGACGCTTCATCTACCGGCC

CCCAGACCGCTCGGCCCCCAGCTGGAACACCACGGGGGAGGT

TGTGGTGACTATGGAGCCAGAGGTACCCATCAAGAAACTGGAG

ACCATGGTGAAGCTGGACGCGACTTCTGAAGCTGTTGTCAAGGT

GGATGTGGCTGAGGAGGAGAAGGAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAG

GGCACTGCGGAGGAGCCAGAGGAGGAGGAGCCAGACGAGAGC

ATGCTGGACTGGTGGTCCAAGTACTTTGCCTCCATTGACACCAT

GAAGGAGCAACTTCGACAACAAGAGCCCTCTGGAATTGACTTGG

AGGAGAAGGAGGAAGTGGACAATACCGAGGGCCTGAAGGGGT

CAATGAAGGGCAAGGAGAAGGCAAGGGCTGCCAAAGAGGAGAA

GAAGAAGAAAACTCAGAGCTCTGGCTCTGGCCAGGGGTCCGAG

GCCCCCGAGAAGAAGAAACCCAAGATTGATGAGCTTAAGGTATA

CCCCAAAGAGCTGGAGTCCGAGTTTGATAACTTTGAGGACTGGC

TGCACACTTTCAACTTGCTTCGGGGCAAGACCGGGGATGATGA

GGATGGCTCCACCGAGGAGGAGCGCATTGTGGGACGCTTCAAG

GGCTCCCTCTGCGTGTACAAAGTGCCACTCCCAGAGGACGTGT

CCCGGGAAGCCGGCTACGACTCCACCTACGGCATGTTCCAGGG

CATCCCGAGCAATGACCCCATCAATGTGCTGGTCCGAGTCTATG

TGGTCCGGGCCACGGACCTGCACCCTGCTGACATCAACGGCAA

AGCTGACCCCTACATCGCCATCCGGCTAGGCAAGACTGACATC

CGCGACAAGGAGAACTACATCTCCAAGCAGCTCAACCCTGTCTT

TGGGAAGTCCTTTGACATCGAGGCCTCCTTCCCCATGGAATCCA

TGCTGACGGTGGCTGTGTATGACTGGGACCTGGTGGGCACTGA

TGACCTCATTGGGGAAACCAAGATCGACCTGGAGAACCGCTTCT

ACAGCAAGCACCGCGCCACCTGCGGCATCGCCCAGACCTACTC

CACACATGGCTACAATATCTGGCGGGACCCCATGAAGCCCAGC

CAGATCCTGACCCGCCTCTGCAAAGACGGCAAAGTGGACGGCC

CCCACTTTGGGCCCCCTGGGAGAGTGAAGGTGGCCAACCGCGT

CTTCACTGGGCCCTCTGAGATTGAGGACGAGAACGGTCAGAGG

AAGCCCACAGACGAGCATGTGGCGCTGTTGGCCCTGAGGCACT

GGGAGGACATCCCCCGCGCAGGCTGCCGCCTGGTGCCAGAGC

ATGTGGAGACGAGGCCGCTGCTCAACCCCGACAAGCCGGGCAT

CGAGCAGGGCCGCCTGGAGCTGTGGGTGGACATGTTCCCCATG

GACATGCCAGCCCCTGGGACGCCTCTGGACATCTCACCTCGGA

AGCCCAAGAAGTACGAGCTGCGGGTCATCATCTGGAACACAGA

TGAGGTGGTCTTGGAGGACGACGACTTCTTCACAGGGGAGAAG

TCCAGTGACATCTTCGTGAGGGGGTGGCTGAAGGGCCAGCAGG

AGGACAAGCAGGACACAGACGTCCACTACCACTCCCTCACTGG

CGAGGGCAACTTCAACTGGCGCTACCTGTTCCCCTTCGACTACC

TGGCGGCGGAGGAGAAGATCGTCATCTCCAAGAAGGAGTCCAT

GTTCTCCTGGGACGAGACCGAGTACAAGATCCCCGCGCGGCTC

ACCCTGCAGATCTGGGATGCGGACCACTTCTCCGCTGACGACTT

CCTGGGGGCCATCGAGCTGGACCTGAACCGGTTCCCGCGGGG

CGCAAAGACAGCCAAGCAGTGCACCATGGAGATGGCCACCGGG

GAGGTGGACGTGCCCCTCGTGTCCATCTTCAAGCAAAAGCGCG

TCAAAGGCTGGTGGCCCCTCCTGGCCCGCAATGAGAACGATGA

GTTTGAGCTCACGGGCAAGGTGGAGGCTGAGCTGCATTTACTG

ACAGCAGAGGAGGCAGAGAAGAACCCAGTGGGCCTGGCCCGC

AATGAACCTGACCCCCTAGAGAAACCCAACCGGCCCGACACGG

CCTTCGTCTGGTTCCTCAACCCTCTCAAGTCCATCAAGTACCTCA

TCTGCACCCGGTACAAGTGGCTCATCATCAAGATCGTGCTGGCG

CTGTTGGGGCTGCTCATGTTGGGGCTCTTCCTCTACAGCCTCCC

TGGCTACATGGTCAAAAAGCTCCTTGGGGCATGAAGGCCGCCA

GCTCCCGCCAGCCGCTCCCCAGCCCTGCCGCATTTCCTTTCAG

TGGCTTGGACTCTTTCCCATCTCCCCTGGGGAGCCTGAGGAGC

CCAGCGTCCACTCTTCATGCCTTGGGCCGAGCCTGCCTCCTGC

TTGCGGGGGCCGCCTGTCCTCACTGCCCCAGGCTGCGGCTTGC

CCAGTCCCGCCCCTCTGACCCCTGCCTGTGGGCTGGGGAGCCT

TGGATGGGGTGGGGACCTGGAATGGGTCTCTCTTGCCCCACCT

GGCTGAGGCGCCACCCTTCTTCAGGCCCAGGCTCCAGAGGAAG

ACTCCTGAAACCCTCCCCAGGTCTTCCAAGTACAGGATTGAAGC

TTTAGTGAAATTAACCAAGGACCATGGGTCAGTGCCCAGGGCTT

TAAAAAGAATGAACGAGCAAAAGGTATCCCCGCCGTGACCCCTG

CAGATAGCACCGGTCTTTGATCCGCAGCAGGGGCCAGACCCTG

CCCACAAGTCCCAGCGCGGCTGCTTCTGCCACTGCTGGGCTCC

ACTTGGCTCCTCTCACTTCCCAGGGGGTCGCCTGTCCTGCCTGT

GGGTTTCCATGGCTTCCCAGAGCTCCCTCTGCCCCAGCCAGCG

CCTCCAGGCCCAGCTGAGGAGCTGTGAGAAGCAGCAGAGGGG

ACTCCCCATCCCGGGCACACCCTGTCCTCCCACCCCTGCCCCC

TTGCCCTTCCAGCCCTTTCAGCTGCAGCTGGGAGCTGGCCCGT

CAAGTGCTGCCCCTGCCTGTGTCTGGGTTTCTGTTGGCTGTTTT

TCTTTTCTTGAGTGGTGATTTTTCTCTAAATAAAAGAAGTCAAGC

ACTGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

13
OTOF-208 transcript
CCGTGAGTTCTGCCCAGGCCCTGTGAGCTCACCAGAGCCACAG

(NM_194322.2),
ACTCACAGCCCAGAGGTGGCTTCTTCCTTCAGGAACTGAAGAAC

human otoferlin
CCCCATGAACACCAACATCTCCAGGTTCTGAGAACAGAACCTGG

transcript variant 3,
GAAATTGATGACTTCCTCATGATGACCGATACTCAGGATGGCCC

3924 bp, encodes
TAGCGAGAGCTCCCAGATCATGAGGTCCCTCACTCCCCTGATCA

the protein of SEQ
ACAGGGAGGAGGCATTTGGGGAGGCTGGGGAGGCGGGGCTGT

ID NO: 4
GGCCCAGCATCACCCACACTCCTGATTCACAGGAAGAAGGCCT

GAACGACATACAGGAGATGATCAAAACGGAGAAGTCCTACCCTG

AGCGTCGCCTGCGGGGCGTCCTGGAGGAGCTGAGCTGTGGCT

GCTGCCGCTTCCTCTCCCTCGCTGACAAGGACCAGGGCCACTC

ATCCCGCACCAGGCTTGACCGGGAGCGCCTCAAGTCCTGCATG

AGGGAGCTGGAAAACATGGGGCAGCAGGCCAGGATGCTGCGG

GCCCAGGTGAAGCGGCACACGGTGCGGGACAAGCTGAGGCTG

TGCCAGAACTTCCTGCAGAAGCTGCGCTTCCTGGCGGACGAGC

CCCAGCACAGCATTCCCGACATCTTCATCTGGATGATGAGCAAC

AACAAGCGTGTCGCCTATGCCCGTGTGCCCTCCAAGGACCTGC

TCTTCTCCATCGTGGAGGAGGAGACTGGCAAGGACTGCGCCAA

GGTCAAGACGCTCTTCCTTAAGCTGCCAGGGAAGCGGGGCTTC

GGCTCGGCAGGCTGGACAGTGCAGGCCAAGGTGGAGCTGTAC

CTGTGGCTGGGCCTCAGCAAACAGCGCAAGGAGTTCCTGTGCG

GCCTGCCCTGTGGCTTCCAGGAGGTCAAGGCAGCCCAGGGCCT

GGGCCTGCATGCCTTCCCACCCGTCAGCCTGGTCTACACCAAG

AAGCAGGCGTTCCAGCTCCGAGCGCACATGTACCAGGCCCGCA

GCCTCTTTGCCGCCGACAGCAGCGGACTCTCAGACCCCTTTGC

CCGCGTCTTCTTCATCAATCAGAGTCAGTGCACAGAGGTGCTGA

ATGAGACCCTGTGTCCCACCTGGGACCAGATGCTGGTGTTCGA

CAACCTGGAGCTCTATGGTGAAGCTCATGAGCTGAGGGACGAT

CCGCCCATCATTGTCATTGAAATCTATGACCAGGATTCCATGGG

CAAAGCTGACTTCATGGGCCGGACCTTCGCCAAACCCCTGGTG

AAGATGGCAGACGAGGCGTACTGCCCACCCCGCTTCCCACCTC

AGCTCGAGTACTACCAGATCTACCGTGGCAACGCCACAGCTGG

AGACCTGCTGGCGGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGCAGATTGGACCAGCA

GGGAAGGCTGACCTGCCCCCCATCAATGGCCCGGTGGACGTG

GACCGAGGTCCCATCATGCCCGTGCCCATGGGCATCCGGCCCG

TGCTCAGCAAGTACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGTTCTGGGGCCTACG

GGACCTAAAGCGGGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGTGGACCGGCCACG

GGTGGACATCGAGTGTGCAGGGAAGGGGGTGCAGTCGTCCCT

GATCCACAATTATAAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCAACACCCTCGTCAA

GTGGTTTGAAGTGGACCTCCCAGAGAACGAGCTGCTGCACCCG

CCCTTGAACATCCGTGTGGTGGACTGCCGGGCCTTCGGTCGCT

ACACACTGGTGGGCTCCCATGCCGTCAGCTCCCTGCGACGCTT

CATCTACCGGCCCCCAGACCGCTCGGCCCCCAGCTGGAACACC

ACGGTCAGGCTTCTCCGGCGCTGCCGTGTGCTGTGCAATGGGG

GCTCCTCCTCTCACTCCACAGGGGAGGTTGTGGTGACTATGGA

GCCAGAGGTACCCATCAAGAAACTGGAGACCATGGTGAAGCTG

GACGCGACTTCTGAAGCTGTTGTCAAGGTGGATGTGGCTGAGG

AGGAGAAGGAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAGGGCACTGCGGAGG

AGCCAGAGGAGGAGGAGCCAGACGAGAGCATGCTGGACTGGT

GGTCCAAGTACTTTGCCTCCATTGACACCATGAAGGAGCAACTT

CGACAACAAGAGCCCTCTGGAATTGACTTGGAGGAGAAGGAGG

AAGTGGACAATACCGAGGGCCTGAAGGGGTCAATGAAGGGCAA

GGAGAAGGCAAGGGCTGCCAAAGAGGAGAAGAAGAAGAAAACT

CAGAGCTCTGGCTCTGGCCAGGGGTCCGAGGCCCCCGAGAAG

AAGAAACCCAAGATTGATGAGCTTAAGGTATACCCCAAAGAGCT

GGAGTCCGAGTTTGATAACTTTGAGGACTGGCTGCACACTTTCA

ACTTGCTTCGGGGCAAGACCGGGGATGATGAGGATGGCTCCAC

CGAGGAGGAGCGCATTGTGGGACGCTTCAAGGGCTCCCTCTGC

GTGTACAAAGTGCCACTCCCAGAGGACGTGTCCCGGGAAGCCG

GCTACGACTCCACCTACGGCATGTTCCAGGGCATCCCGAGCAA

TGACCCCATCAATGTGCTGGTCCGAGTCTATGTGGTCCGGGCC

ACGGACCTGCACCCTGCTGACATCAACGGCAAAGCTGACCCCT

ACATCGCCATCCGGCTAGGCAAGACTGACATCCGCGACAAGGA

GAACTACATCTCCAAGCAGCTCAACCCTGTCTTTGGGAAGTCCT

TTGACATCGAGGCCTCCTTCCCCATGGAATCCATGCTGACGGTG

GCTGTGTATGACTGGGACCTGGTGGGCACTGATGACCTCATTG

GGGAAACCAAGATCGACCTGGAGAACCGCTTCTACAGCAAGCA

CCGCGCCACCTGCGGCATCGCCCAGACCTACTCCACACATGGC

TACAATATCTGGCGGGACCCCATGAAGCCCAGCCAGATCCTGA

CCCGCCTCTGCAAAGACGGCAAAGTGGACGGCCCCCACTTTGG

GCCCCCTGGGAGAGTGAAGGTGGCCAACCGCGTCTTCACTGGG

CCCTCTGAGATTGAGGACGAGAACGGTCAGAGGAAGCCCACAG

ACGAGCATGTGGCGCTGTTGGCCCTGAGGCACTGGGAGGACAT

CCCCCGCGCAGGCTGCCGCCTGGTGCCAGAGCATGTGGAGAC

GAGGCCGCTGCTCAACCCCGACAAGCCGGGCATCGAGCAGGG

CCGCCTGGAGCTGTGGGTGGACATGTTCCCCATGGACATGCCA

GCCCCTGGGACGCCTCTGGACATCTCACCTCGGAAGCCCAAGA

AGTACGAGCTGCGGGTCATCATCTGGAACACAGATGAGGTGGT

CTTGGAGGACGACGACTTCTTCACAGGGGAGAAGTCCAGTGAC

ATCTTCGTGAGGGGGTGGCTGAAGGGCCAGCAGGAGGACAAG

CAGGACACAGACGTCCACTACCACTCCCTCACTGGCGAGGGCA

ACTTCAACTGGCGCTACCTGTTCCCCTTCGACTACCTGGCGGCG

GAGGAGAAGATCGTCATCTCCAAGAAGGAGTCCATGTTCTCCTG

GGACGAGACCGAGTACAAGATCCCCGCGCGGCTCACCCTGCAG

ATCTGGGATGCGGACCACTTCTCCGCTGACGACTTCCTGGGGG

CCATCGAGCTGGACCTGAACCGGTTCCCGCGGGGCGCAAAGAC

AGCCAAGCAGTGCACCATGGAGATGGCCACCGGGGAGGTGGA

CGTGCCCCTCGTGTCCATCTTCAAGCAAAAGCGCGTCAAAGGCT

GGTGGCCCCTCCTGGCCCGCAATGAGAACGATGAGTTTGAGCT

CACGGGCAAGGTGGAGGCTGAGCTGCATTTACTGACAGCAGAG

GAGGCAGAGAAGAACCCAGTGGGCCTGGCCCGCAATGAACCTG

ACCCCCTAGAGAAACCCAACCGGCCCGACACGAGCTTCATCTG

GTTCCTGAACCCTCTCAAGTCGGCTCGCTACTTCTTGTGGCACA

CGTATCGCTGGCTGCTCCTCAAACTGTTGCTGCTCCTGCTGCTG

CTCCTCCTCCTCGCCCTGTTCCTCTACTCTGTGCCTGGCTACCT

GGTCAAGAAAATCCTCGGGGCCTGAGCCCAGTGGCCTCCTGGC

CGGCCCGACACGGCCTTCGTCTGGTTCCTCAACCCTCTCAAGTC

CATCAAGTACCTCATCTGCACCCGGTACAAGTGGCTCATCATCA

AGATCGTGCTGGCGCTGTTGGGGCTGCTCATGTTGGGGCTCTT

CCTCTACAGCCTCCCTGGCTACATGGTCAAAAAGCTCCTTGGGG

CATGAAGGCCGCCAGCTCCCGCCAGCCGCTCCCCAGCCCTGCC

GCATTTCCTTTCAGTGGCTTGGACTCTTTCCCATCTCCCCTGGG

GAGCCTGAGGAGCCCAGCGTCCACTCTTCATGCCTTGGGCCGA

GCCTGCCTCCTGCTTGCGGGGGCCGCCTGTCCTCACTGCCCCA

GGCTGCGGCTTGCCCAGTCCCGCCCCTCTGACCCCTGCCTGTG

GGCTGGGGAGCCTTGGATGGGGTGGGGACCTGGAATGGGTCT

CTCTTGCCCCACCTGGCTGAGGCGCCACCCTTCTTCAGGCCCA

GGCTCCAGAGGAAGACTCCTGAAACCCTCCCCAGGTCTTCCAA

GTACAGGATTGAAGCTTTAGTGAAATTAACCAAGGACCATGGGT

CAGTGCCCAGGGCTTTAAAAAGAATGAACGAGCAAAAGGTATCC

CCGCCGTGACCCCTGCAGATAGCACCGGTCTTTGATCCGCAGC

AGGGGCCAGACCCTGCCCACAAGTCCCAGCGCGGCTGCTTCTG

CCACTGCTGGGCTCCACTTGGCTCCTCTCACTTCCCAGGGGGT

CGCCTGTCCTGCCTGTGGGTTTCCATGGCTTCCCAGAGCTCCCT

CTGCCCCAGCCAGCGCCTCCAGGCCCAGCTGAGGAGCTGTGA

GAAGCAGCAGAGGGGACTCCCCATCCCGGGCACACCCTGTCCT

CCCACCCCTGCCCCCTTGCCCTTCCAGCCCTTTCAGCTGCAGCT

GGGAGCTGGCCCGTCAAGTGCTGCCCCTGCCTGTGTCTGGGTT

TCTGTTGGCTGTTTTTCTTTTCTTGAGTGGTGATTTTTCTCTAAAT

AAAAGAAGTCAAGCACTGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

14
OTOF-205 transcript
ATCGGAGGGGGGTCGGGAGGAGGAGGAGGAGGCAGCGGCAG

(NM_001287489.1),
AGAAGAGAGAGGCGTGTGAGCCGTGCTCCACCGGCTAGCTCCT

human otoferlin
TCCCGCTGCTCCTGCCTGGCAGTGCCAGGCAGCCCACACCAGC

transcript variant 5,
ATGGCCTTGCTCATCCACCTCAAGACAGTCTCGGAGCTGCGGG

6937 bp, encodes
GCAGGGGCGACCGGATCGCCAAAGTGACTTTCCGAGGGCAATC

the protein of SEQ
CTTCTACTCTCGGGTCCTGGAGAACTGTGAGGATGTGGCTGACT

ID NO: 5
TTGATGAGACATTTCGGTGGCCGGTGGCCAGCAGCATCGACAG

AAATGAGATGCTGGAGATTCAGGTTTTCAACTACAGCAAAGTCTT

CAGCAACAAGCTCATCGGGACCTTCCGCATGGTGCTGCAGAAG

GTGGTAGAGGAGAGCCATGTGGAGGTGACTGACACGCTGATTG

ATGACAACAATGCTATCATCAAGACCAGCCTGTGCGTGGAGGTC

CGGTATCAGGCCACTGACGGCACAGTGGGCTCCTGGGACGATG

GGGACTTCCTGGGAGATGAGTCTCTTCAAGAGGAAGAGAAGGA

CAGCCAAGAGACGGATGGACTGCTCCCAGGCTCCCGGCCCAGC

TCCCGGCCCCCAGGAGAGAAGAGCTTCCGGAGAGCCGGGAGG

AGCGTGTTCTCCGCCATGAAGCTCGGCAAAAACCGGTCTCACAA

GGAGGAGCCCCAAAGACCAGATGAACCGGCGGTGCTGGAGAT

GGAAGACCTTGACCATCTGGCCATTCGGCTAGGAGATGGACTG

GATCCCGACTCGGTGTCTCTAGCCTCAGTCACAGCTCTCACCAC

TAATGTCTCCAACAAGCGATCTAAGCCAGACATTAAGATGGAGC

CAAGTGCTGGGCGGCCCATGGATTACCAGGTCAGCATCACGGT

GATCGAGGCCCGGCAGCTGGTGGGCTTGAACATGGACCCTGTG

GTGTGCGTGGAGGTGGGTGACGACAAGAAGTACACATCCATGA

AGGAGTCCACTAACTGCCCCTATTACAACGAGTACTTCGTCTTC

GACTTCCATGTCTCTCCGGATGTCATGTTTGACAAGATCATCAAG

ATTTCGGTGATTCACTCCAAGAACCTGCTGCGCAGTGGCACCCT

GGTGGGCTCCTTCAAAATGGACGTGGGAACCGTGTACTCGCAG

CCAGAGCACCAGTTCCATCACAAGTGGGCCATCCTGTCTGACCC

CGATGACATCTCCTCGGGGCTGAAGGGCTACGTGAAGTGTGAC

GTTGCCGTGGTGGGCAAAGGGGACAACATCAAGACGCCCCACA

AGGCCAATGAGACCGACGAAGATGACATTGAGGGGAACTTGCT

GCTCCCCGAGGGGGTGCCCCCCGAACGCCAGTGGGCCCGGTT

CTATGTGAAAATTTACCGAGCAGAGGGGCTGCCCCGTATGAACA

CAAGCCTCATGGCCAATGTAAAGAAGGCTTTCATCGGTGAAAAC

AAGGACCTCGTGGACCCCTACGTGCAAGTCTTCTTTGCTGGCCA

GAAGGGCAAGACTTCAGTGCAGAAGAGCAGCTATGAGCCCCTG

TGGAATGAGCAGGTCGTCTTTACAGACCTCTTCCCCCCACTCTG

CAAACGCATGAAGGTGCAGATCCGAGACTCGGACAAGGTCAAC

GACGTGGCCATCGGCACCCACTTCATTGACCTGCGCAAGATTTC

TAATGACGGAGACAAAGGCTTCCTGCCCACACTGGGCCCAGCC

TGGGTGAACATGTACGGCTCCACACGTAACTACACGCTGCTGGA

TGAGCATCAGGACCTGAACGAGGGCCTGGGGGAGGGTGTGTC

CTTCCGGGCCCGGCTCCTGCTGGGCCTGGCTGTGGAGATCGTA

GACACCTCCAACCCTGAGCTCACCAGCTCCACAGAGGTGCAGG

TGGAGCAGGCCACGCCCATCTCGGAGAGCTGTGCAGGTAAAAT

GGAAGAATTCTTTCTCTTTGGAGCCTTCCTGGAGGCCTCAATGA

TCGACCGGAGAAACGGAGACAAGCCCATCACCTTTGAGGTCAC

CATAGGCAACTATGGGAACGAAGTTGATGGCCTGTCCCGGCCC

CAGCGGCCTCGGCCCCGGAAGGAGCCGGGGGATGAGGAAGAA

GTAGACCTGATTCAGAACGCAAGTGATGACGAGGCCGGTGATG

CCGGGGACCTGGCCTCAGTCTCCTCCACTCCACCAATGCGGCC

CCAGGTCACCGACAGGAACTACTTCCATCTGCCCTACCTGGAGC

GAAAGCCCTGCATCTACATCAAGAGCTGGTGGCCGGACCAGCG

CCGCCGCCTCTACAATGCCAACATCATGGACCACATTGCCGACA

AGCTGGAAGAAGGCCTGAACGACATACAGGAGATGATCAAAAC

GGAGAAGTCCTACCCTGAGCGTCGCCTGCGGGGCGTCCTGGA

GGAGCTGAGCTGTGGCTGCTGCCGCTTCCTCTCCCTCGCTGAC

AAGGACCAGGGCCACTCATCCCGCACCAGGCTTGACCGGGAGC

GCCTCAAGTCCTGCATGAGGGAGCTGGAAAACATGGGGCAGCA

GGCCAGGATGCTGCGGGCCCAGGTGAAGCGGCACACGGTGCG

GGACAAGCTGAGGCTGTGCCAGAACTTCCTGCAGAAGCTGCGC

TTCCTGGCGGACGAGCCCCAGCACAGCATTCCCGACATCTTCAT

CTGGATGATGAGCAACAACAAGCGTGTCGCCTATGCCCGTGTG

CCCTCCAAGGACCTGCTCTTCTCCATCGTGGAGGAGGAGACTG

GCAAGGACTGCGCCAAGGTCAAGACGCTCTTCCTTAAGCTGCC

AGGGAAGCGGGGCTTCGGCTCGGCAGGCTGGACAGTGCAGGC

CAAGGTGGAGCTGTACCTGTGGCTGGGCCTCAGCAAACAGCGC

AAGGAGTTCCTGTGCGGCCTGCCCTGTGGCTTCCAGGAGGTCA

AGGCAGCCCAGGGCCTGGGCCTGCATGCCTTCCCACCCGTCAG

CCTGGTCTACACCAAGAAGCAGGCGTTCCAGCTCCGAGCGCAC

ATGTACCAGGCCCGCAGCCTCTTTGCCGCCGACAGCAGCGGAC

TCTCAGACCCCTTTGCCCGCGTCTTCTTCATCAATCAGAGTCAG

TGCACAGAGGTGCTGAATGAGACCCTGTGTCCCACCTGGGACC

AGATGCTGGTGTTCGACAACCTGGAGCTCTATGGTGAAGCTCAT

GAGCTGAGGGACGATCCGCCCATCATTGTCATTGAAATCTATGA

CCAGGATTCCATGGGCAAAGCTGACTTCATGGGCCGGACCTTC

GCCAAACCCCTGGTGAAGATGGCAGACGAGGCGTACTGCCCAC

CCCGCTTCCCACCTCAGCTCGAGTACTACCAGATCTACCGTGGC

AACGCCACAGCTGGAGACCTGCTGGCGGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGC

AGATTGGACCAGCAGGGAAGGCTGACCTGCCCCCCATCAATGG

CCCGGTGGACGTGGACCGAGGTCCCATCATGCCCGTGCCCATG

GGCATCCGGCCCGTGCTCAGCAAGTACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGT

TCTGGGGCCTACGGGACCTAAAGCGGGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGT

GGACCGGCCACGGGTGGACATCGAGTGTGCAGGGAAGGGGGT

GCAGTCGTCCCTGATCCACAATTATAAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCA

ACACCCTCGTCAAGTGGTTTGAAGTGGACCTCCCAGAGAACGA

GCTGCTGCACCCGCCCTTGAACATCCGTGTGGTGGACTGCCGG

GCCTTCGGTCGCTACACACTGGTGGGCTCCCATGCCGTCAGCT

CCCTGCGACGCTTCATCTACCGGCCCCCAGACCGCTCGGCCCC

CAGCTGGAACACCACGGTCAGGCTTCTCCGGCGCTGCCGTGTG

CTGTGCAATGGGGGCTCCTCCTCTCACTCCACAGGGGAGGTTG

TGGTGACTATGGAGCCAGAGGTACCCATCAAGAAACTGGAGAC

CATGGTGAAGCTGGACGCGACTTCTGAAGCTGTTGTCAAGGTG

GATGTGGCTGAGGAGGAGAAGGAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAGAAGG

GCACTGCGGAGGAGCCAGAGGAGGAGGAGCCAGACGAGAGCA

TGCTGGACTGGTGGTCCAAGTACTTTGCCTCCATTGACACCATG

AAGGAGCAACTTCGACAACAAGAGCCCTCTGGAATTGACTTGGA

GGAGAAGGAGGAAGTGGACAATACCGAGGGCCTGAAGGGGTC

AATGAAGGGCAAGGAGAAGGCAAGGGCTGCCAAAGAGGAGAAG

AAGAAGAAAACTCAGAGCTCTGGCTCTGGCCAGGGGTCCGAGG

CCCCCGAGAAGAAGAAACCCAAGATTGATGAGCTTAAGGTATAC

CCCAAAGAGCTGGAGTCCGAGTTTGATAACTTTGAGGACTGGCT

GCACACTTTCAACTTGCTTCGGGGCAAGACCGGGGATGATGAG

GATGGCTCCACCGAGGAGGAGCGCATTGTGGGACGCTTCAAGG

GCTCCCTCTGCGTGTACAAAGTGCCACTCCCAGAGGACGTGTC

CCGGGAAGCCGGCTACGACTCCACCTACGGCATGTTCCAGGGC

ATCCCGAGCAATGACCCCATCAATGTGCTGGTCCGAGTCTATGT

GGTCCGGGCCACGGACCTGCACCCTGCTGACATCAACGGCAAA

GCTGACCCCTACATCGCCATCCGGCTAGGCAAGACTGACATCC

GCGACAAGGAGAACTACATCTCCAAGCAGCTCAACCCTGTCTTT

GGGAAGTCCTTTGACATCGAGGCCTCCTTCCCCATGGAATCCAT

GCTGACGGTGGCTGTGTATGACTGGGACCTGGTGGGCACTGAT

GACCTCATTGGGGAAACCAAGATCGACCTGGAGAACCGCTTCTA

CAGCAAGCACCGCGCCACCTGCGGCATCGCCCAGACCTACTCC

ACACATGGCTACAATATCTGGCGGGACCCCATGAAGCCCAGCC

AGATCCTGACCCGCCTCTGCAAAGACGGCAAAGTGGACGGCCC

CCACTTTGGGCCCCCTGGGAGAGTGAAGGTGGCCAACCGCGTC

TTCACTGGGCCCTCTGAGATTGAGGACGAGAACGGTCAGAGGA

AGCCCACAGACGAGCATGTGGCGCTGTTGGCCCTGAGGCACTG

GGAGGACATCCCCCGCGCAGGCTGCCGCCTGGTGCCAGAGCA

TGTGGAGACGAGGCCGCTGCTCAACCCCGACAAGCCGGGCATC

GAGCAGGGCCGCCTGGAGCTGTGGGTGGACATGTTCCCCATGG

ACATGCCAGCCCCTGGGACGCCTCTGGACATCTCACCTCGGAA

GCCCAAGAAGTACGAGCTGCGGGTCATCATCTGGAACACAGAT

GAGGTGGTCTTGGAGGACGACGACTTCTTCACAGGGGAGAAGT

CCAGTGACATCTTCGTGAGGGGGTGGCTGAAGGGCCAGCAGGA

GGACAAGCAGGACACAGACGTCCACTACCACTCCCTCACTGGC

GAGGGCAACTTCAACTGGCGCTACCTGTTCCCCTTCGACTACCT

GGCGGCGGAGGAGAAGATCGTCATCTCCAAGAAGGAGTCCATG

TTCTCCTGGGACGAGACCGAGTACAAGATCCCCGCGCGGCTCA

CCCTGCAGATCTGGGATGCGGACCACTTCTCCGCTGACGACTT

CCTGGGGGCCATCGAGCTGGACCTGAACCGGTTCCCGCGGGG

CGCAAAGACAGCCAAGCAGTGCACCATGGAGATGGCCACCGGG

GAGGTGGACGTGCCCCTCGTGTCCATCTTCAAGCAAAAGCGCG

TCAAAGGCTGGTGGCCCCTCCTGGCCCGCAATGAGAACGATGA

GTTTGAGCTCACGGGCAAGGTGGAGGCTGAGCTGCATTTACTG

ACAGCAGAGGAGGCAGAGAAGAACCCAGTGGGCCTGGCCCGC

AATGAACCTGACCCCCTAGAGAAACCCAACCGGCCCGACACGG

CCTTCGTCTGGTTCCTCAACCCTCTCAAGTCCATCAAGTACCTCA

TCTGCACCCGGTACAAGTGGCTCATCATCAAGATCGTGCTGGCG

CTGTTGGGGCTGCTCATGTTGGGGCTCTTCCTCTACAGCCTCCC

TGGCTACATGGTCAAAAAGCTCCTTGGGGCATGAAGGCCGCCA

GCTCCCGCCAGCCGCTCCCCAGCCCTGCCGCATTTCCTTTCAG

TGGCTTGGACTCTTTCCCATCTCCCCTGGGGAGCCTGAGGAGC

CCAGCGTCCACTCTTCATGCCTTGGGCCGAGCCTGCCTCCTGC

TTGCGGGGGCCGCCTGTCCTCACTGCCCCAGGCTGCGGCTTGC

CCAGTCCCGCCCCTCTGACCCCTGCCTGTGGGCTGGGGAGCCT

TGGATGGGGTGGGGACCTGGAATGGGTCTCTCTTGCCCCACCT

GGCTGAGGCGCCACCCTTCTTCAGGCCCAGGCTCCAGAGGAAG

ACTCCTGAAACCCTCCCCAGGTCTTCCAAGTACAGGATTGAAGC

TTTAGTGAAATTAACCAAGGACCATGGGTCAGTGCCCAGGGCTT

TAAAAAGAATGAACGAGCAAAAGGTATCCCCGCCGTGACCCCTG

CAGATAGCACCGGTCTTTGATCCGCAGCAGGGGCCAGACCCTG

CCCACAAGTCCCAGCGCGGCTGCTTCTGCCACTGCTGGGCTCC

ACTTGGCTCCTCTCACTTCCCAGGGGGTCGCCTGTCCTGCCTGT

GGGTTTCCATGGCTTCCCAGAGCTCCCTCTGCCCCAGCCAGCG

CCTCCAGGCCCAGCTGAGGAGCTGTGAGAAGCAGCAGAGGGG

ACTCCCCATCCCGGGCACACCCTGTCCTCCCACCCCTGCCCCC

TTGCCCTTCCAGCCCTTTCAGCTGCAGCTGGGAGCTGGCCCGT

CAAGTGCTGCCCCTGCCTGTGTCTGGGTTTCTGTTGGCTGTTTT

TCTTTTCTTGAGTGGTGATTTTTCTCTAAATAAAAGAAGTCAAGC

ACTGAAAAAAAAAAAAAAAA

15
mOTOF-201_1
TTGGTTGCCTTGGTCTCTGTGGGCAGCAGCAGGAGGAGGCGGC

transcript
AGCAGCCAGAGAAGAGGGAGGCGTGTGAGCCACACTCCACCAG

(NM_031875.2),
CGAGCTTCTTCCCGCTGCTCTGGAACTGCCCAGGCTCTCCCCA

mouse otoferlin
CCAGCATGGCCCTGATTGTTCACCTCAAGACTGTCTCAGAGCTC

transcript variant 2,
CGAGGCAAAGGTGACCGGATTGCCAAAGTCACTTTCCGAGGGC

7129 bp, encodes
AGTCTTTCTACTCCCGGGTCCTGGAGAACTGCGAGGGTGTGGC

the protein of SEQ
TGACTTTGATGAGACGTTCCGGTGGCCAGTGGCCAGCAGCATC

ID NO: 6
GACCGGAATGAAGTGTTGGAGATTCAGATTTTCAACTACAGCAA

AGTCTTCAGCAACAAGCTGATAGGGACCTTCTGCATGGTGCTGC

AGAAAGTGGTGGAGGAGAATCGGGTAGAGGTGACCGACACGCT

GATGGATGACAGCAATGCTATCATCAAGACCAGCCTGAGCATGG

AGGTCCGGTATCAGGCCACAGATGGCACTGTGGGCCCCTGGGA

TGATGGAGACTTCCTGGGAGATGAATCCCTCCAGGAGGAGAAG

GACAGCCAGGAGACAGATGGGCTGCTACCTGGTTCCCGACCCA

GCACCCGGATATCTGGCGAGAAGAGCTTTCGCAGAGCGGGAAG

GAGTGTGTTCTCGGCCATGAAACTCGGCAAAACTCGGTCCCACA

AAGAGGAGCCCCAAAGACAAGATGAGCCAGCAGTGCTGGAGAT

GGAGGACCTGGACCACCTAGCCATTCAGCTGGGGGATGGGCTG

GATCCTGACTCCGTGTCTCTAGCCTCGGTCACCGCTCTCACCAG

CAATGTCTCCAACAAACGGTCTAAGCCAGATATTAAGATGGAGC

CCAGTGCTGGAAGGCCCATGGATTACCAGGTCAGCATCACAGT

GATTGAGGCTCGGCAGCTGGTGGGCTTGAACATGGACCCTGTG

GTGTGTGTGGAGGTGGGTGATGACAAGAAATACACGTCAATGAA

GGAGTCCACAAACTGCCCTTACTACAACGAGTACTTTGTCTTCG

ACTTCCATGTCTCTCCTGATGTCATGTTTGACAAGATCATCAAGA

TCTCGGTTATCCATTCTAAGAACCTGCTTCGGAGCGGCACCCTG

GTGGGTTCCTTCAAAATGGATGTGGGGACTGTGTATTCCCAGCC

TGAACACCAGTTCCATCACAAATGGGCCATCCTGTCAGACCCCG

ATGACATCTCTGCTGGGTTGAAGGGTTATGTAAAGTGTGATGTC

GCTGTGGTGGGCAAGGGAGACAACATCAAGACACCCCACAAGG

CCAACGAGACGGATGAGGACGACATTGAAGGGAACTTGCTGCT

CCCCGAGGGCGTGCCCCCCGAACGGCAGTGGGCACGGTTCTA

TGTGAAAATTTACCGAGCAGAGGGACTGCCCCGGATGAACACAA

GCCTCATGGCCAACGTGAAGAAGGCGTTCATCGGTGAGAACAA

GGACCTCGTCGACCCCTATGTGCAAGTCTTCTTTGCTGGACAAA

AGGGCAAAACATCAGTGCAGAAGAGCAGCTATGAGCCGCTATG

GAATGAGCAGGTCGTCTTCACAGACTTGTTCCCCCCACTCTGCA

AACGCATGAAGGTGCAGATCCGGGACTCTGACAAGGTCAATGAT

GTGGCCATCGGCACCCACTTCATCGACCTGCGCAAGATTTCCAA

CGATGGAGACAAAGGCTTCCTGCCTACCCTCGGTCCAGCCTGG

GTGAACATGTACGGCTCCACGCGCAACTACACACTGCTGGACG

AGCACCAGGACTTGAATGAAGGCCTGGGGGAGGGTGTGTCCTT

CCGGGCCCGCCTCATGTTGGGACTAGCTGTGGAGATCCTGGAC

ACCTCCAACCCAGAGCTCACCAGCTCCACGGAGGTGCAGGTGG

AGCAGGCCACGCCTGTCTCGGAGAGCTGCACAGGGAGAATGGA

AGAATTTTTTCTATTTGGAGCCTTCTTGGAAGCCTCAATGATTGA

CCGGAAAAATGGGGACAAGCCAATTACCTTTGAGGTGACCATAG

GAAACTACGGCAATGAAGTCGATGGTATGTCCCGGCCCCTGAG

GCCTCGGCCCCGGAAAGAGCCTGGGGATGAAGAAGAGGTAGA

CCTGATTCAGAACTCCAGTGACGATGAAGGTGACGAAGCCGGG

GACCTGGCCTCGGTGTCCTCCACCCCACCTATGCGGCCCCAGA

TCACGGACAGGAACTATTTCCACCTGCCCTACCTGGAGCGCAAG

CCCTGCATCTATATCAAGAGCTGGTGGCCTGACCAGAGGCGGC

GCCTCTACAATGCCAACATCATGGATCACATTGCTGACAAGCTG

GAAGAAGGCCTGAATGATGTACAGGAGATGATCAAAACGGAGAA

GTCCTACCCGGAGCGCCGCCTGCGGGGTGTGCTAGAGGAACTC

AGCTGTGGCTGCCACCGCTTCCTCTCCCTCTCGGACAAGGACC

AGGGCCGCTCGTCCCGCACCAGGCTGGATCGAGAGCGTCTTAA

GTCCTGTATGAGGGAGTTGGAGAGCATGGGACAGCAGGCCAAG

AGCCTGAGGGCTCAGGTGAAGCGGCACACTGTTCGGGACAAGC

TGAGGTCATGCCAGAACTTTCTGCAGAAGCTACGCTTCCTGGCG

GATGAGCCCCAGCACAGCATTCCTGATGTGTTCATTTGGATGAT

GAGCAACAACAAACGTATCGCCTATGCCCGCGTGCCTTCCAAAG

ACCTGCTCTTCTCCATCGTGGAGGAGGAACTGGGCAAGGACTG

CGCCAAAGTCAAGACCCTCTTCCTGAAGCTGCCAGGGAAGAGG

GGCTTCGGCTCGGCAGGCTGGACAGTACAGGCCAAGCTGGAG

CTCTACCTGTGGCTGGGCCTCAGCAAGCAGCGAAAGGACTTCC

TGTGTGGTCTGCCCTGTGGCTTCGAGGAGGTCAAGGCAGCCCA

AGGCCTGGGCCTGCATTCCTTTCCGCCCATCAGCCTAGTCTACA

CCAAGAAGCAAGCCTTCCAGCTCCGAGCACACATGTATCAGGC

CCGAAGCCTCTTTGCTGCTGACAGCAGTGGGCTCTCTGATCCCT

TTGCCCGTGTCTTCTTCATCAACCAGAGCCAATGCACTGAGGTT

CTAAACGAGACACTGTGTCCCACCTGGGACCAGATGCTGGTATT

TGACAACCTGGAGCTGTACGGTGAAGCTCACGAGTTACGAGAT

GATCCCCCCATCATTGTCATTGAAATCTACGACCAGGACAGCAT

GGGCAAAGCCGACTTCATGGGCCGGACCTTCGCCAAGCCCCTG

GTGAAGATGGCAGATGAAGCATACTGCCCACCTCGCTTCCCGC

CGCAGCTTGAGTACTACCAGATCTACCGAGGCAGTGCCACTGC

CGGAGACCTACTGGCTGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGCAGATTGGGCCA

TCAGGGAAGGCTGACCTGCCACCCATCAATGGCCCAGTGGACA

TGGACAGAGGGCCCATCATGCCTGTGCCCGTGGGAATCCGGCC

AGTGCTCAGCAAGTACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGTTCTGGGGCCTG

AGGGACCTAAAGAGGGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGTGGACCGACCAC

GGGTGGACATCGAGTGTGCAGGAAAGGGGGTACAATCCTCCCT

GATTCACAATTATAAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCAACACGCTGGTCAA

GTGGTTTGAAGTGGACCTCCCGGAGAATGAGCTCCTGCACCCA

CCCTTGAACATCCGAGTGGTAGATTGCCGGGCCTTTGGACGATA

CACCCTGGTGGGTTCCCACGCAGTCAGCTCACTGAGGCGCTTC

ATCTACCGACCTCCAGACCGCTCAGCCCCCAACTGGAACACCA

CAGTCAGGCTGCTCCGGGGCTGCCACAGGCTGCGCAATGGGG

GCCCCTCTTCTCGCCCCACAGGGGAGGTTGTAGTAAGCATGGA

GCCTGAGGAGCCAGTTAAGAAGCTGGAGACCATGGTGAAACTG

GATGCGACTTCTGATGCTGTGGTCAAGGTGGATGTGGCTGAAG

ATGAGAAGGAAAGGAAGAAGAAGAAAAAGAAAGGCCCGTCAGA

GGAGCCAGAGGAGGAAGAGCCCGATGAGAGCATGCTGGATTG

GTGGTCCAAGTACTTCGCCTCCATCGACACAATGAAGGAGCAAC

TTCGACAACATGAGACCTCTGGAACTGACTTGGAAGAGAAGGAA

GAGATGGAAAGCGCTGAGGGCCTGAAGGGACCAATGAAGAGCA

AGGAGAAGTCCAGAGCTGCAAAGGAGGAGAAAAAGAAGAAAAA

CCAGAGCCCTGGCCCTGGCCAGGGATCGGAGGCTCCTGAGAA

GAAGAAAGCCAAGATCGATGAGCTTAAGGTGTACCCCAAGGAG

CTGGAATCGGAGTTTGACAGCTTTGAGGACTGGCTGCACACCTT

CAACCTGTTGAGGGGCAAGACGGGAGATGATGAGGATGGCTCC

ACAGAGGAGGAGCGCATAGTAGGCCGATTCAAGGGCTCCCTCT

GTGTGTACAAAGTGCCACTCCCAGAAGATGTATCTCGAGAAGCT

GGCTATGATCCCACCTATGGAATGTTCCAGGGCATCCCAAGCAA

TGACCCCATCAATGTGCTGGTCCGAATCTATGTGGTCCGGGCCA

CAGACCTGCACCCGGCCGACATCAATGGCAAAGCTGACCCCTA

TATTGCCATCAAGTTAGGCAAGACCGACATCCGAGACAAGGAGA

ACTACATCTCCAAGCAGCTCAACCCTGTGTTTGGGAAGTCCTTT

GACATTGAGGCCTCCTTCCCCATGGAGTCCATGTTGACAGTGGC

CGTGTACGACTGGGATCTGGTGGGCACTGATGACCTCATCGGA

GAAACCAAGATTGACCTGGAAAACCGCTTCTACAGCAAGCATCG

CGCCACCTGCGGCATCGCACAGACCTATTCCATACATGGCTACA

ATATCTGGAGGGACCCCATGAAGCCCAGCCAGATCCTGACACG

CCTCTGTAAAGAGGGCAAAGTGGACGGCCCCCACTTTGGTCCC

CATGGGAGAGTGAGGGTTGCCAACCGTGTCTTCACGGGGCCTT

CAGAAATAGAGGATGAGAATGGTCAGAGGAAGCCCACAGATGA

GCACGTGGCACTGTCTGCTCTGAGACACTGGGAGGACATCCCC

CGGGTGGGCTGCCGCCTTGTGCCGGAACACGTGGAGACCAGG

CCGCTGCTCAACCCTGACAAGCCAGGCATTGAGCAGGGCCGCC

TGGAGCTGTGGGTGGACATGTTCCCCATGGACATGCCAGCCCC

TGGGACACCTCTGGATATATCCCCCAGGAAACCCAAGAAGTACG

AGCTGCGGGTCATCGTGTGGAACACAGACGAGGTGGTCCTGGA

AGACGATGATTTCTTCACGGGAGAGAAGTCCAGTGACATTTTTG

TGAGGGGGTGGCTGAAGGGCCAGCAGGAGGACAAACAGGACA

CAGATGTCCACTATCACTCCCTCACGGGGGAGGGCAACTTCAAC

TGGAGATACCTCTTCCCCTTCGACTACCTAGCGGCCGAAGAGAA

GATCGTTATGTCCAAAAAGGAGTCTATGTTCTCCTGGGATGAGA

CGGAGTACAAGATCCCTGCGCGGCTCACCCTGCAGATCTGGGA

CGCTGACCACTTCTCGGCTGACGACTTCCTGGGGGCTATCGAG

CTGGACCTGAACCGGTTCCCGAGGGGCGCTAAGACAGCCAAGC

AGTGCACCATGGAGATGGCCACCGGGGAGGTGGACGTACCCCT

GGTTTCCATCTTTAAACAGAAACGTGTCAAAGGCTGGTGGCCCC

TCCTGGCCCGCAATGAGAATGATGAGTTTGAGCTCACAGGCAAA

GTGGAGGCGGAGCTACACCTACTCACGGCAGAGGAGGCAGAG

AAGAACCCTGTGGGCCTGGCTCGCAATGAACCTGATCCCCTAG

AAAAACCCAATCGGCCGGACACAAGCTTCATCTGGTTCTTGAAC

CCTCTCAAGTCTGCCCGCTACTTCCTGTGGCATACCTACCGCTG

GCTACTCCTCAAATTCCTGCTGCTCTTCCTCCTGCTGCTGCTCTT

CGCCCTGTTTCTCTACTCTCTGCCTGGCTACCTGGCCAAGAAGA

TCCTTGGGGCCTGAGCCCTGCAGTCGCCTAGGCCTGCCGGCCT

GACACGGCATTCGTCTGGTTCCTGAACCCACTCAAATCTATCAA

GTACCTCATCTGCACCCGGTACAAGTGGCTGATCATCAAGATCG

TGCTGGCGCTGCTGGGGCTGCTCATGCTGGCCCTCTTCCTTTAC

AGCCTCCCAGGCTACATGGTCAAGAAGCTCCTAGGGGCCTGAA

GTGTGCCCCACCCCAGCCCGCTCCAGCATCCCTCCAGGGGCTG

CTGCGTATTTTGCCTTCCCTCACCTGGACTCTCTCCCAACTCCCT

GAGGAGCCCTCCCACGCCTGCCAGCCTTGAGCAAGACACCTGC

TTGCTGGACTTCATCCCCACCCCACACCCAAACTGTTGCTTGCC

TGATCTTGTCCCAGGCCTGCCTGGGGTTTGGGGCACAGTTGGC

CTCCAAAACCAGATACCCTCTTGTCTAAAGTACCAGGTTCCTCTG

CCCAACCCCAAGAGTGGTAGTGGCCCAACCCTCCCTGTGCTTTC

CAAATCTTGTCTTAAGGCACCAGTGAAATTAACCAAGAAACGCG

GAGCAATGCCCAAGGCTCTGATGAGTAGGAACACGTGGAAAGC

ACCAGGAATGCCAGCAGAGGCGAGGCGGCACACCTCTCTGCAG

AGCATCCAGGCCGAGCGGCGGGCAGCGGCCAGCTGCTTCTGC

GCATGCTCTCCTCTTGGCTCTGCTTCTTTCTCACAGTCACAGTCA

CTTCACAGCTTAGCCTTGGGCTTCCCATCACTTCCAGGGGTGCC

TCTGCCTTGGCCAGTGTGTGTCAGCTAGTACACAAGCTCCAAGT

GTGAATCAGGTGTACTGGCCGTCCTGAAGACTGACTGCCCTGTC

CTTCCTGCCGACAGCCACACCCGAGTGTACACTTAAAGCGGTG

CCCTTCTGCCTCTGTGGGCCTGCTGGCTGCTGTTCCTTTCTTGA

GTGTGATTTTTTTTTTCTCTCCCTCAATAAAATAAATCAAACTCTG

AGAC

16
mOTOF-201_2
TTGGTTGCCTTGGTCTCTGTGGGCAGCAGCAGGAGGAGGCGGC

transcript
AGCAGCCAGAGAAGAGGGAGGCGTGTGAGCCACACTCCACCAG

(NM_001286421.1),
CGAGCTTCTTCCCGCTGCTCTGGAACTGCCCAGGCTCTCCCCA

mouse otoferlin
CCAGCATGGCCCTGATTGTTCACCTCAAGACTGTCTCAGAGCTC

transcript variant 3,
CGAGGCAAAGGTGACCGGATTGCCAAAGTCACTTTCCGAGGGC

7129 bp, encodes
AGTCTTTCTACTCCCGGGTCCTGGAGAACTGCGAGGGTGTGGC

the protein of SEQ
TGACTTTGATGAGACGTTCCGGTGGCCAGTGGCCAGCAGCATC

ID NO: 7
GACCGGAATGAAGTGTTGGAGATTCAGATTTTCAACTACAGCAA

AGTCTTCAGCAACAAGCTGATAGGGACCTTCTGCATGGTGCTGC

AGAAAGTGGTGGAGGAGAATCGGGTAGAGGTGACCGACACGCT

GATGGATGACAGCAATGCTATCATCAAGACCAGCCTGAGCATGG

AGGTCCGGTATCAGGCCACAGATGGCACTGTGGGCCCCTGGGA

TGATGGAGACTTCCTGGGAGATGAATCCCTCCAGGAGGAGAAG

GACAGCCAGGAGACAGATGGGCTGCTACCTGGTTCCCGACCCA

GCACCCGGATATCTGGCGAGAAGAGCTTTCGCAGAGCGGGAAG

GAGTGTGTTCTCGGCCATGAAACTCGGCAAAACTCGGTCCCACA

AAGAGGAGCCCCAAAGACAAGATGAGCCAGCAGTGCTGGAGAT

GGAGGACCTGGACCACCTAGCCATTCAGCTGGGGGATGGGCTG

GATCCTGACTCCGTGTCTCTAGCCTCGGTCACCGCTCTCACCAG

CAATGTCTCCAACAAACGGTCTAAGCCAGATATTAAGATGGAGC

CCAGTGCTGGAAGGCCCATGGATTACCAGGTCAGCATCACAGT

GATTGAGGCTCGGCAGCTGGTGGGCTTGAACATGGACCCTGTG

GTGTGTGTGGAGGTGGGTGATGACAAGAAATACACGTCAATGAA

GGAGTCCACAAACTGCCCTTACTACAACGAGTACTTTGTCTTCG

ACTTCCATGTCTCTCCTGATGTCATGTTTGACAAGATCATCAAGA

TCTCGGTTATCCATTCTAAGAACCTGCTTCGGAGCGGCACCCTG

GTGGGTTCCTTCAAAATGGATGTGGGGACTGTGTATTCCCAGCC

TGAACACCAGTTCCATCACAAATGGGCCATCCTGTCAGACCCCG

ATGACATCTCTGCTGGGTTGAAGGGTTATGTAAAGTGTGATGTC

GCTGTGGTGGGCAAGGGAGACAACATCAAGACACCCCACAAGG

CCAACGAGACGGATGAGGACGACATTGAAGGGAACTTGCTGCT

CCCCGAGGGCGTGCCCCCCGAACGGCAGTGGGCACGGTTCTA

TGTGAAAATTTACCGAGCAGAGGGACTGCCCCGGATGAACACAA

GCCTCATGGCCAACGTGAAGAAGGCGTTCATCGGTGAGAACAA

GGACCTCGTCGACCCCTATGTGCAAGTCTTCTTTGCTGGACAAA

AGGGCAAAACATCAGTGCAGAAGAGCAGCTATGAGCCGCTATG

GAATGAGCAGGTCGTCTTCACAGACTTGTTCCCCCCACTCTGCA

AACGCATGAAGGTGCAGATCCGGGACTCTGACAAGGTCAATGAT

GTGGCCATCGGCACCCACTTCATCGACCTGCGCAAGATTTCCAA

CGATGGAGACAAAGGCTTCCTGCCTACCCTCGGTCCAGCCTGG

GTGAACATGTACGGCTCCACGCGCAACTACACACTGCTGGACG

AGCACCAGGACTTGAATGAAGGCCTGGGGGAGGGTGTGTCCTT

CCGGGCCCGCCTCATGTTGGGACTAGCTGTGGAGATCCTGGAC

ACCTCCAACCCAGAGCTCACCAGCTCCACGGAGGTGCAGGTGG

AGCAGGCCACGCCTGTCTCGGAGAGCTGCACAGGGAGAATGGA

AGAATTTTTTCTATTTGGAGCCTTCTTGGAAGCCTCAATGATTGA

CCGGAAAAATGGGGACAAGCCAATTACCTTTGAGGTGACCATAG

GAAACTACGGCAATGAAGTCGATGGTATGTCCCGGCCCCTGAG

GCCTCGGCCCCGGAAAGAGCCTGGGGATGAAGAAGAGGTAGA

CCTGATTCAGAACTCCAGTGACGATGAAGGTGACGAAGCCGGG

GACCTGGCCTCGGTGTCCTCCACCCCACCTATGCGGCCCCAGA

TCACGGACAGGAACTATTTCCACCTGCCCTACCTGGAGCGCAAG

CCCTGCATCTATATCAAGAGCTGGTGGCCTGACCAGAGGCGGC

GCCTCTACAATGCCAACATCATGGATCACATTGCTGACAAGCTG

GAAGAAGGCCTGAATGATGTACAGGAGATGATCAAAACGGAGAA

GTCCTACCCGGAGCGCCGCCTGCGGGGTGTGCTAGAGGAACTC

AGCTGTGGCTGCCACCGCTTCCTCTCCCTCTCGGACAAGGACC

AGGGCCGCTCGTCCCGCACCAGGCTGGATCGAGAGCGTCTTAA

GTCCTGTATGAGGGAGTTGGAGAGCATGGGACAGCAGGCCAAG

AGCCTGAGGGCTCAGGTGAAGCGGCACACTGTTCGGGACAAGC

TGAGGTCATGCCAGAACTTTCTGCAGAAGCTACGCTTCCTGGCG

GATGAGCCCCAGCACAGCATTCCTGATGTGTTCATTTGGATGAT

GAGCAACAACAAACGTATCGCCTATGCCCGCGTGCCTTCCAAAG

ACCTGCTCTTCTCCATCGTGGAGGAGGAACTGGGCAAGGACTG

CGCCAAAGTCAAGACCCTCTTCCTGAAGCTGCCAGGGAAGAGG

GGCTTCGGCTCGGCAGGCTGGACAGTACAGGCCAAGCTGGAG

CTCTACCTGTGGCTGGGCCTCAGCAAGCAGCGAAAGGACTTCC

TGTGTGGTCTGCCCTGTGGCTTCGAGGAGGTCAAGGCAGCCCA

AGGCCTGGGCCTGCATTCCTTTCCGCCCATCAGCCTAGTCTACA

CCAAGAAGCAAGCCTTCCAGCTCCGAGCACACATGTATCAGGC

CCGAAGCCTCTTTGCTGCTGACAGCAGTGGGCTCTCTGATCCCT

TTGCCCGTGTCTTCTTCATCAACCAGAGCCAATGCACTGAGGTT

CTAAACGAGACACTGTGTCCCACCTGGGACCAGATGCTGGTATT

TGACAACCTGGAGCTGTACGGTGAAGCTCACGAGTTACGAGAT

GATCCCCCCATCATTGTCATTGAAATCTACGACCAGGACAGCAT

GGGCAAAGCCGACTTCATGGGCCGGACCTTCGCCAAGCCCCTG

GTGAAGATGGCAGATGAAGCATACTGCCCACCTCGCTTCCCGC

CGCAGCTTGAGTACTACCAGATCTACCGAGGCAGTGCCACTGC

CGGAGACCTACTGGCTGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGCAGATTGGGCCA

TCAGGGAAGGCTGACCTGCCACCCATCAATGGCCCAGTGGACA

TGGACAGAGGGCCCATCATGCCTGTGCCCGTGGGAATCCGGCC

AGTGCTCAGCAAGTACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGTTCTGGGGCCTG

AGGGACCTAAAGAGGGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGTGGACCGACCAC

GGGTGGACATCGAGTGTGCAGGAAAGGGGGTACAATCCTCCCT

GATTCACAATTATAAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCAACACGCTGGTCAA

GTGGTTTGAAGTGGACCTCCCGGAGAATGAGCTCCTGCACCCA

CCCTTGAACATCCGAGTGGTAGATTGCCGGGCCTTTGGACGATA

CACCCTGGTGGGTTCCCACGCAGTCAGCTCACTGAGGCGCTTC

ATCTACCGACCTCCAGACCGCTCAGCCCCCAACTGGAACACCA

CAGGGGAGGTTGTAGTAAGCATGGAGCCTGAGGAGCCAGTTAA

GAAGCTGGAGACCATGGTGAAACTGGATGCGACTTCTGATGCT

GTGGTCAAGGTGGATGTGGCTGAAGATGAGAAGGAAAGGAAGA

AGAAGAAAAAGAAAGGCCCGTCAGAGGAGCCAGAGGAGGAAGA

GCCCGATGAGAGCATGCTGGATTGGTGGTCCAAGTACTTCGCC

TCCATCGACACAATGAAGGAGCAACTTCGACAACATGAGACCTC

TGGAACTGACTTGGAAGAGAAGGAAGAGATGGAAAGCGCTGAG

GGCCTGAAGGGACCAATGAAGAGCAAGGAGAAGTCCAGAGCTG

CAAAGGAGGAGAAAAAGAAGAAAAACCAGAGCCCTGGCCCTGG

CCAGGGATCGGAGGCTCCTGAGAAGAAGAAAGCCAAGATCGAT

GAGCTTAAGGTGTACCCCAAGGAGCTGGAATCGGAGTTTGACA

GCTTTGAGGACTGGCTGCACACCTTCAACCTGTTGAGGGGCAA

GACGGGAGATGATGAGGATGGCTCCACAGAGGAGGAGCGCATA

GTAGGCCGATTCAAGGGCTCCCTCTGTGTGTACAAAGTGCCACT

CCCAGAAGATGTATCTCGAGAAGCTGGCTATGATCCCACCTATG

GAATGTTCCAGGGCATCCCAAGCAATGACCCCATCAATGTGCTG

GTCCGAATCTATGTGGTCCGGGCCACAGACCTGCACCCGGCCG

ACATCAATGGCAAAGCTGACCCCTATATTGCCATCAAGTTAGGC

AAGACCGACATCCGAGACAAGGAGAACTACATCTCCAAGCAGCT

CAACCCTGTGTTTGGGAAGTCCTTTGACATTGAGGCCTCCTTCC

CCATGGAGTCCATGTTGACAGTGGCCGTGTACGACTGGGATCT

GGTGGGCACTGATGACCTCATCGGAGAAACCAAGATTGACCTG

GAAAACCGCTTCTACAGCAAGCATCGCGCCACCTGCGGCATCG

CACAGACCTATTCCATACATGGCTACAATATCTGGAGGGACCCC

ATGAAGCCCAGCCAGATCCTGACACGCCTCTGTAAAGAGGGCA

AAGTGGACGGCCCCCACTTTGGTCCCCATGGGAGAGTGAGGGT

TGCCAACCGTGTCTTCACGGGGCCTTCAGAAATAGAGGATGAGA

ATGGTCAGAGGAAGCCCACAGATGAGCACGTGGCACTGTCTGC

TCTGAGACACTGGGAGGACATCCCCCGGGTGGGCTGCCGCCTT

GTGCCGGAACACGTGGAGACCAGGCCGCTGCTCAACCCTGACA

AGCCAGGCATTGAGCAGGGCCGCCTGGAGCTGTGGGTGGACAT

GTTCCCCATGGACATGCCAGCCCCTGGGACACCTCTGGATATAT

CCCCCAGGAAACCCAAGAAGTACGAGCTGCGGGTCATCGTGTG

GAACACAGACGAGGTGGTCCTGGAAGACGATGATTTCTTCACG

GGAGAGAAGTCCAGTGACATTTTTGTGAGGGGGTGGCTGAAGG

GCCAGCAGGAGGACAAACAGGACACAGATGTCCACTATCACTC

CCTCACGGGGGAGGGCAACTTCAACTGGAGATACCTCTTCCCC

TTCGACTACCTAGCGGCCGAAGAGAAGATCGTTATGTCCAAAAA

GGAGTCTATGTTCTCCTGGGATGAGACGGAGTACAAGATCCCTG

CGCGGCTCACCCTGCAGATCTGGGACGCTGACCACTTCTCGGC

TGACGACTTCCTGGGGGCTATCGAGCTGGACCTGAACCGGTTC

CCGAGGGGCGCTAAGACAGCCAAGCAGTGCACCATGGAGATGG

CCACCGGGGAGGTGGACGTACCCCTGGTTTCCATCTTTAAACAG

AAACGTGTCAAAGGCTGGTGGCCCCTCCTGGCCCGCAATGAGA

ATGATGAGTTTGAGCTCACAGGCAAAGTGGAGGCGGAGCTACA

CCTACTCACGGCAGAGGAGGCAGAGAAGAACCCTGTGGGCCTG

GCTCGCAATGAACCTGATCCCCTAGAAAAACCCAATCGGCCGGA

CACAAGCTTCATCTGGTTCTTGAACCCTCTCAAGTCTGCCCGCT

ACTTCCTGTGGCATACCTACCGCTGGCTACTCCTCAAATTCCTG

CTGCTCTTCCTCCTGCTGCTGCTCTTCGCCCTGTTTCTCTACTCT

CTGCCTGGCTACCTGGCCAAGAAGATCCTTGGGGCCTGAGCCC

TGCAGTCGCCTAGGCCTGCCGGCCTGACACGGCATTCGTCTGG

TTCCTGAACCCACTCAAATCTATCAAGTACCTCATCTGCACCCG

GTACAAGTGGCTGATCATCAAGATCGTGCTGGCGCTGCTGGGG

CTGCTCATGCTGGCCCTCTTCCTTTACAGCCTCCCAGGCTACAT

GGTCAAGAAGCTCCTAGGGGCCTGAAGTGTGCCCCACCCCAGC

CCGCTCCAGCATCCCTCCAGGGGCTGCTGCGTATTTTGCCTTCC

CTCACCTGGACTCTCTCCCAACTCCCTGAGGAGCCCTCCCACG

CCTGCCAGCCTTGAGCAAGACACCTGCTTGCTGGACTTCATCCC

CACCCCACACCCAAACTGTTGCTTGCCTGATCTTGTCCCAGGCC

TGCCTGGGGTTTGGGGCACAGTTGGCCTCCAAAACCAGATACC

CTCTTGTCTAAAGTACCAGGTTCCTCTGCCCAACCCCAAGAGTG

GTAGTGGCCCAACCCTCCCTGTGCTTTCCAAATCTTGTCTTAAG

GCACCAGTGAAATTAACCAAGAAACGCGGAGCAATGCCCAAGG

CTCTGATGAGTAGGAACACGTGGAAAGCACCAGGAATGCCAGC

AGAGGCGAGGCGGCACACCTCTCTGCAGAGCATCCAGGCCGA

GCGGCGGGCAGCGGCCAGCTGCTTCTGCGCATGCTCTCCTCTT

GGCTCTGCTTCTTTCTCACAGTCACAGTCACTTCACAGCTTAGC

CTTGGGCTTCCCATCACTTCCAGGGGTGCCTCTGCCTTGGCCA

GTGTGTGTCAGCTAGTACACAAGCTCCAAGTGTGAATCAGGTGT

ACTGGCCGTCCTGAAGACTGACTGCCCTGTCCTTCCTGCCGACA

GCCACACCCGAGTGTACACTTAAAGCGGTGCCCTTCTGCCTCTG

TGGGCCTGCTGGCTGCTGTTCCTTTCTTGAGTGTGATTTTTTTTT

TCTCTCCCTCAATAAAATAAATCAAACTCTGAGAC

17
mOTOF-202_1
TTGGTTGCCTTGGTCTCTGTGGGCAGCAGCAGGAGGAGGCGGC

transcript
AGCAGCCAGAGAAGAGGGAGGCGTGTGAGCCACACTCCACCAG

(NM_001100395.1),
CGAGCTTCTTCCCGCTGCTCTGGAACTGCCCAGGCTCTCCCCA

mouse otoferlin
CCAGCATGGCCCTGATTGTTCACCTCAAGACTGTCTCAGAGCTC

transcript variant 1,
CGAGGCAAAGGTGACCGGATTGCCAAAGTCACTTTCCGAGGGC

6881 bp, encodes
AGTCTTTCTACTCCCGGGTCCTGGAGAACTGCGAGGGTGTGGC

the protein of SEQ
TGACTTTGATGAGACGTTCCGGTGGCCAGTGGCCAGCAGCATC

ID NO: 8
GACCGGAATGAAGTGTTGGAGATTCAGATTTTCAACTACAGCAA

AGTCTTCAGCAACAAGCTGATAGGGACCTTCTGCATGGTGCTGC

AGAAAGTGGTGGAGGAGAATCGGGTAGAGGTGACCGACACGCT

GATGGATGACAGCAATGCTATCATCAAGACCAGCCTGAGCATGG

AGGTCCGGTATCAGGCCACAGATGGCACTGTGGGCCCCTGGGA

TGATGGAGACTTCCTGGGAGATGAATCCCTCCAGGAGGAGAAG

GACAGCCAGGAGACAGATGGGCTGCTACCTGGTTCCCGACCCA

GCACCCGGATATCTGGCGAGAAGAGCTTTCGCAGCAAAGGCAG

AGAGAAGACCAAGGGAGGCAGAGATGGCGAGCACAAAGCGGG

AAGGAGTGTGTTCTCGGCCATGAAACTCGGCAAAACTCGGTCCC

ACAAAGAGGAGCCCCAAAGACAAGATGAGCCAGCAGTGCTGGA

GATGGAGGACCTGGACCACCTAGCCATTCAGCTGGGGGATGGG

CTGGATCCTGACTCCGTGTCTCTAGCCTCGGTCACCGCTCTCAC

CAGCAATGTCTCCAACAAACGGTCTAAGCCAGATATTAAGATGG

AGCCCAGTGCTGGAAGGCCCATGGATTACCAGGTCAGCATCAC

AGTGATTGAGGCTCGGCAGCTGGTGGGCTTGAACATGGACCCT

GTGGTGTGTGTGGAGGTGGGTGATGACAAGAAATACACGTCAAT

GAAGGAGTCCACAAACTGCCCTTACTACAACGAGTACTTTGTCT

TCGACTTCCATGTCTCTCCTGATGTCATGTTTGACAAGATCATCA

AGATCTCGGTTATCCATTCTAAGAACCTGCTTCGGAGCGGCACC

CTGGTGGGTTCCTTCAAAATGGATGTGGGGACTGTGTATTCCCA

GCCTGAACACCAGTTCCATCACAAATGGGCCATCCTGTCAGACC

CCGATGACATCTCTGCTGGGTTGAAGGGTTATGTAAAGTGTGAT

GTCGCTGTGGTGGGCAAGGGAGACAACATCAAGACACCCCACA

AGGCCAACGAGACGGATGAGGACGACATTGAAGGGAACTTGCT

GCTCCCCGAGGGCGTGCCCCCCGAACGGCAGTGGGCACGGTT

CTATGTGAAAATTTACCGAGCAGAGGGACTGCCCCGGATGAACA

CAAGCCTCATGGCCAACGTGAAGAAGGCGTTCATCGGTGAGAA

CAAGGACCTCGTCGACCCCTATGTGCAAGTCTTCTTTGCTGGAC

AAAAGGGCAAAACATCAGTGCAGAAGAGCAGCTATGAGCCGCT

ATGGAATGAGCAGGTCGTCTTCACAGACTTGTTCCCCCCACTCT

GCAAACGCATGAAGGTGCAGATCCGGGACTCTGACAAGGTCAA

TGATGTGGCCATCGGCACCCACTTCATCGACCTGCGCAAGATTT

CCAACGATGGAGACAAAGGCTTCCTGCCTACCCTCGGTCCAGC

CTGGGTGAACATGTACGGCTCCACGCGCAACTACACACTGCTG

GACGAGCACCAGGACTTGAATGAAGGCCTGGGGGAGGGTGTGT

CCTTCCGGGCCCGCCTCATGTTGGGACTAGCTGTGGAGATCCT

GGACACCTCCAACCCAGAGCTCACCAGCTCCACGGAGGTGCAG

GTGGAGCAGGCCACGCCTGTCTCGGAGAGCTGCACAGGGAGA

ATGGAAGAATTTTTTCTATTTGGAGCCTTCTTGGAAGCCTCAATG

ATTGACCGGAAAAATGGGGACAAGCCAATTACCTTTGAGGTGAC

CATAGGAAACTACGGCAATGAAGTCGATGGTATGTCCCGGCCC

CTGAGGCCTCGGCCCCGGAAAGAGCCTGGGGATGAAGAAGAG

GTAGACCTGATTCAGAACTCCAGTGACGATGAAGGTGACGAAGC

CGGGGACCTGGCCTCGGTGTCCTCCACCCCACCTATGCGGCCC

CAGATCACGGACAGGAACTATTTCCACCTGCCCTACCTGGAGCG

CAAGCCCTGCATCTATATCAAGAGCTGGTGGCCTGACCAGAGG

CGGCGCCTCTACAATGCCAACATCATGGATCACATTGCTGACAA

GCTGGAAGAAGGCCTGAATGATGTACAGGAGATGATCAAAACG

GAGAAGTCCTACCCGGAGCGCCGCCTGCGGGGTGTGCTAGAG

GAACTCAGCTGTGGCTGCCACCGCTTCCTCTCCCTCTCGGACAA

GGACCAGGGCCGCTCGTCCCGCACCAGGCTGGATCGAGAGCG

TCTTAAGTCCTGTATGAGGGAGTTGGAGAGCATGGGACAGCAG

GCCAAGAGCCTGAGGGCTCAGGTGAAGCGGCACACTGTTCGGG

ACAAGCTGAGGTCATGCCAGAACTTTCTGCAGAAGCTACGCTTC

CTGGCGGATGAGCCCCAGCACAGCATTCCTGATGTGTTCATTTG

GATGATGAGCAACAACAAACGTATCGCCTATGCCCGCGTGCCTT

CCAAAGACCTGCTCTTCTCCATCGTGGAGGAGGAACTGGGCAA

GGACTGCGCCAAAGTCAAGACCCTCTTCCTGAAGCTGCCAGGG

AAGAGGGGCTTCGGCTCGGCAGGCTGGACAGTACAGGCCAAG

CTGGAGCTCTACCTGTGGCTGGGCCTCAGCAAGCAGCGAAAGG

ACTTCCTGTGTGGTCTGCCCTGTGGCTTCGAGGAGGTCAAGGC

AGCCCAAGGCCTGGGCCTGCATTCCTTTCCGCCCATCAGCCTA

GTCTACACCAAGAAGCAAGCCTTCCAGCTCCGAGCACACATGTA

TCAGGCCCGAAGCCTCTTTGCTGCTGACAGCAGTGGGCTCTCT

GATCCCTTTGCCCGTGTCTTCTTCATCAACCAGAGCCAATGCAC

TGAGGTTCTAAACGAGACACTGTGTCCCACCTGGGACCAGATGC

TGGTATTTGACAACCTGGAGCTGTACGGTGAAGCTCACGAGTTA

CGAGATGATCCCCCCATCATTGTCATTGAAATCTACGACCAGGA

CAGCATGGGCAAAGCCGACTTCATGGGCCGGACCTTCGCCAAG

CCCCTGGTGAAGATGGCAGATGAAGCATACTGCCCACCTCGCTT

CCCGCCGCAGCTTGAGTACTACCAGATCTACCGAGGCAGTGCC

ACTGCCGGAGACCTACTGGCTGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGCAGATTG

GGCCATCAGGGAAGGCTGACCTGCCACCCATCAATGGCCCAGT

GGACATGGACAGAGGGCCCATCATGCCTGTGCCCGTGGGAATC

CGGCCAGTGCTCAGCAAGTACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGTTCTGGG

GCCTGAGGGACCTAAAGAGGGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGTGGACC

GACCACGGGTGGACATCGAGTGTGCAGGAAAGGGGGTACAATC

CTCCCTGATTCACAATTATAAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCAACACGCT

GGTCAAGTGGTTTGAAGTGGACCTCCCGGAGAATGAGCTCCTG

CACCCACCCTTGAACATCCGAGTGGTAGATTGCCGGGCCTTTG

GACGATACACCCTGGTGGGTTCCCACGCAGTCAGCTCACTGAG

GCGCTTCATCTACCGACCTCCAGACCGCTCAGCCCCCAACTGG

AACACCACAGGGGAGGTTGTAGTAAGCATGGAGCCTGAGGAGC

CAGTTAAGAAGCTGGAGACCATGGTGAAACTGGATGCGACTTCT

GATGCTGTGGTCAAGGTGGATGTGGCTGAAGATGAGAAGGAAA

GGAAGAAGAAGAAAAAGAAAGGCCCGTCAGAGGAGCCAGAGGA

GGAAGAGCCCGATGAGAGCATGCTGGATTGGTGGTCCAAGTAC

TTCGCCTCCATCGACACAATGAAGGAGCAACTTCGACAACATGA

GACCTCTGGAACTGACTTGGAAGAGAAGGAAGAGATGGAAAGC

GCTGAGGGCCTGAAGGGACCAATGAAGAGCAAGGAGAAGTCCA

GAGCTGCAAAGGAGGAGAAAAAGAAGAAAAACCAGAGCCCTGG

CCCTGGCCAGGGATCGGAGGCTCCTGAGAAGAAGAAAGCCAAG

ATCGATGAGCTTAAGGTGTACCCCAAGGAGCTGGAATCGGAGTT

TGACAGCTTTGAGGACTGGCTGCACACCTTCAACCTGTTGAGGG

GCAAGACGGGAGATGATGAGGATGGCTCCACAGAGGAGGAGC

GCATAGTAGGCCGATTCAAGGGCTCCCTCTGTGTGTACAAAGTG

CCACTCCCAGAAGATGTATCTCGAGAAGCTGGCTATGATCCCAC

CTATGGAATGTTCCAGGGCATCCCAAGCAATGACCCCATCAATG

TGCTGGTCCGAATCTATGTGGTCCGGGCCACAGACCTGCACCC

GGCCGACATCAATGGCAAAGCTGACCCCTATATTGCCATCAAGT

TAGGCAAGACCGACATCCGAGACAAGGAGAACTACATCTCCAAG

CAGCTCAACCCTGTGTTTGGGAAGTCCTTTGACATTGAGGCCTC

CTTCCCCATGGAGTCCATGTTGACAGTGGCCGTGTACGACTGG

GATCTGGTGGGCACTGATGACCTCATCGGAGAAACCAAGATTGA

CCTGGAAAACCGCTTCTACAGCAAGCATCGCGCCACCTGCGGC

ATCGCACAGACCTATTCCATACATGGCTACAATATCTGGAGGGA

CCCCATGAAGCCCAGCCAGATCCTGACACGCCTCTGTAAAGAG

GGCAAAGTGGACGGCCCCCACTTTGGTCCCCATGGGAGAGTGA

GGGTTGCCAACCGTGTCTTCACGGGGCCTTCAGAAATAGAGGA

TGAGAATGGTCAGAGGAAGCCCACAGATGAGCACGTGGCACTG

TCTGCTCTGAGACACTGGGAGGACATCCCCCGGGTGGGCTGCC

GCCTTGTGCCGGAACACGTGGAGACCAGGCCGCTGCTCAACCC

TGACAAGCCAGGCATTGAGCAGGGCCGCCTGGAGCTGTGGGTG

GACATGTTCCCCATGGACATGCCAGCCCCTGGGACACCTCTGG

ATATATCCCCCAGGAAACCCAAGAAGTACGAGCTGCGGGTCATC

GTGTGGAACACAGACGAGGTGGTCCTGGAAGACGATGATTTCTT

CACGGGAGAGAAGTCCAGTGACATTTTTGTGAGGGGGTGGCTG

AAGGGCCAGCAGGAGGACAAACAGGACACAGATGTCCACTATC

ACTCCCTCACGGGGGAGGGCAACTTCAACTGGAGATACCTCTTC

CCCTTCGACTACCTAGCGGCCGAAGAGAAGATCGTTATGTCCAA

AAAGGAGTCTATGTTCTCCTGGGATGAGACGGAGTACAAGATCC

CTGCGCGGCTCACCCTGCAGATCTGGGACGCTGACCACTTCTC

GGCTGACGACTTCCTGGGGGCTATCGAGCTGGACCTGAACCGG

TTCCCGAGGGGCGCTAAGACAGCCAAGCAGTGCACCATGGAGA

TGGCCACCGGGGAGGTGGACGTACCCCTGGTTTCCATCTTTAAA

CAGAAACGTGTCAAAGGCTGGTGGCCCCTCCTGGCCCGCAATG

AGAATGATGAGTTTGAGCTCACAGGCAAAGTGGAGGCGGAGCT

ACACCTACTCACGGCAGAGGAGGCAGAGAAGAACCCTGTGGGC

CTGGCTCGCAATGAACCTGATCCCCTAGAAAAACCCAACCGGCC

TGACACGGCATTCGTCTGGTTCCTGAACCCACTCAAATCTATCA

AGTACCTCATCTGCACCCGGTACAAGTGGCTGATCATCAAGATC

GTGCTGGCGCTGCTGGGGCTGCTCATGCTGGCCCTCTTCCTTT

ACAGCCTCCCAGGCTACATGGTCAAGAAGCTCCTAGGGGCCTG

AAGTGTGCCCCACCCCAGCCCGCTCCAGCATCCCTCCAGGGGC

TGCTGCGTATTTTGCCTTCCCTCACCTGGACTCTCTCCCAACTC

CCTGAGGAGCCCTCCCACGCCTGCCAGCCTTGAGCAAGACACC

TGCTTGCTGGACTTCATCCCCACCCCACACCCAAACTGTTGCTT

GCCTGATCTTGTCCCAGGCCTGCCTGGGGTTTGGGGCACAGTT

GGCCTCCAAAACCAGATACCCTCTTGTCTAAAGTACCAGGTTCC

TCTGCCCAACCCCAAGAGTGGTAGTGGCCCAACCCTCCCTGTG

CTTTCCAAATCTTGTCTTAAGGCACCAGTGAAATTAACCAAGAAA

CGCGGAGCAATGCCCAAGGCTCTGATGAGTAGGAACACGTGGA

AAGCACCAGGAATGCCAGCAGAGGCGAGGCGGCACACCTCTCT

GCAGAGCATCCAGGCCGAGCGGCGGGCAGCGGCCAGCTGCTT

CTGCGCATGCTCTCCTCTTGGCTCTGCTTCTTTCTCACAGTCACA

GTCACTTCACAGCTTAGCCTTGGGCTTCCCATCACTTCCAGGGG

TGCCTCTGCCTTGGCCAGTGTGTGTCAGCTAGTACACAAGCT

CCAAGTGTGAATCAGGTGTACTGGCCGTCCTGAAGACTGACTGC

CCTGTCCTTCCTGCCGACAGCCACACCCGAGTGTACACTTAAAG

CGGTGCCCTTCTGCCTCTGTGGGCCTGCTGGCTGCTGTTCCTTT

CTTGAGTGTGATTTTTTTTTTCTCTCCCTCAATAAAATAAATCAAA

CTCTGAGAC

18
mOTOF-202_2
TTGGTTGCCTTGGTCTCTGTGGGCAGCAGCAGGAGGAGGCGGC

transcript
AGCAGCCAGAGAAGAGGGAGGCGTGTGAGCCACACTCCACCAG

(NM_001313767.1),
CGAGCTTCTTCCCGCTGCTCTGGAACTGCCCAGGCTCTCCCCA

mouse otoferlin
CCAGCATGGCCCTGATTGTTCACCTCAAGACTGTCTCAGAGCTC

transcript variant 4,
CGAGGCAAAGGTGACCGGATTGCCAAAGTCACTTTCCGAGGGC

6881 bp, encodes
AGTCTTTCTACTCCCGGGTCCTGGAGAACTGCGAGGGTGTGGC

the protein of SEQ
TGACTTTGATGAGACGTTCCGGTGGCCAGTGGCCAGCAGCATC

ID NO: 9
GACCGGAATGAAGTGTTGGAGATTCAGATTTTCAACTACAGCAA

AGTCTTCAGCAACAAGCTGATAGGGACCTTCTGCATGGTGCTGC

AGAAAGTGGTGGAGGAGAATCGGGTAGAGGTGACCGACACGCT

GATGGATGACAGCAATGCTATCATCAAGACCAGCCTGAGCATGG

AGGTCCGGTATCAGGCCACAGATGGCACTGTGGGCCCCTGGGA

TGATGGAGACTTCCTGGGAGATGAATCCCTCCAGGAGGAGAAG

GACAGCCAGGAGACAGATGGGCTGCTACCTGGTTCCCGACCCA

GCACCCGGATATCTGGCGAGAAGAGCTTTCGCAGAGCGGGAAG

GAGTGTGTTCTCGGCCATGAAACTCGGCAAAACTCGGTCCCACA

AAGAGGAGCCCCAAAGACAAGATGAGCCAGCAGTGCTGGAGAT

GGAGGACCTGGACCACCTAGCCATTCAGCTGGGGGATGGGCTG

GATCCTGACTCCGTGTCTCTAGCCTCGGTCACCGCTCTCACCAG

CAATGTCTCCAACAAACGGTCTAAGCCAGATATTAAGATGGAGC

CCAGTGCTGGAAGGCCCATGGATTACCAGGTCAGCATCACAGT

GATTGAGGCTCGGCAGCTGGTGGGCTTGAACATGGACCCTGTG

GTGTGTGTGGAGGTGGGTGATGACAAGAAATACACGTCAATGAA

GGAGTCCACAAACTGCCCTTACTACAACGAGTACTTTGTCTTCG

ACTTCCATGTCTCTCCTGATGTCATGTTTGACAAGATCATCAAGA

TCTCGGTTATCCATTCTAAGAACCTGCTTCGGAGCGGCACCCTG

GTGGGTTCCTTCAAAATGGATGTGGGGACTGTGTATTCCCAGCC

TGAACACCAGTTCCATCACAAATGGGCCATCCTGTCAGACCCCG

ATGACATCTCTGCTGGGTTGAAGGGTTATGTAAAGTGTGATGTC

GCTGTGGTGGGCAAGGGAGACAACATCAAGACACCCCACAAGG

CCAACGAGACGGATGAGGACGACATTGAAGGGAACTTGCTGCT

CCCCGAGGGCGTGCCCCCCGAACGGCAGTGGGCACGGTTCTA

TGTGAAAATTTACCGAGCAGAGGGACTGCCCCGGATGAACACAA

GCCTCATGGCCAACGTGAAGAAGGCGTTCATCGGTGAGAACAA

GGACCTCGTCGACCCCTATGTGCAAGTCTTCTTTGCTGGACAAA

AGGGCAAAACATCAGTGCAGAAGAGCAGCTATGAGCCGCTATG

GAATGAGCAGGTCGTCTTCACAGACTTGTTCCCCCCACTCTGCA

AACGCATGAAGGTGCAGATCCGGGACTCTGACAAGGTCAATGAT

GTGGCCATCGGCACCCACTTCATCGACCTGCGCAAGATTTCCAA

CGATGGAGACAAAGGCTTCCTGCCTACCCTCGGTCCAGCCTGG

GTGAACATGTACGGCTCCACGCGCAACTACACACTGCTGGACG

AGCACCAGGACTTGAATGAAGGCCTGGGGGAGGGTGTGTCCTT

CCGGGCCCGCCTCATGTTGGGACTAGCTGTGGAGATCCTGGAC

ACCTCCAACCCAGAGCTCACCAGCTCCACGGAGGTGCAGGTGG

AGCAGGCCACGCCTGTCTCGGAGAGCTGCACAGGGAGAATGGA

AGAATTTTTTCTATTTGGAGCCTTCTTGGAAGCCTCAATGATTGA

CCGGAAAAATGGGGACAAGCCAATTACCTTTGAGGTGACCATAG

GAAACTACGGCAATGAAGTCGATGGTATGTCCCGGCCCCTGAG

GCCTCGGCCCCGGAAAGAGCCTGGGGATGAAGAAGAGGTAGA

CCTGATTCAGAACTCCAGTGACGATGAAGGTGACGAAGCCGGG

GACCTGGCCTCGGTGTCCTCCACCCCACCTATGCGGCCCCAGA

TCACGGACAGGAACTATTTCCACCTGCCCTACCTGGAGCGCAAG

CCCTGCATCTATATCAAGAGCTGGTGGCCTGACCAGAGGCGGC

GCCTCTACAATGCCAACATCATGGATCACATTGCTGACAAGCTG

GAAGAAGGCCTGAATGATGTACAGGAGATGATCAAAACGGAGAA

GTCCTACCCGGAGCGCCGCCTGCGGGGTGTGCTAGAGGAACTC

AGCTGTGGCTGCCACCGCTTCCTCTCCCTCTCGGACAAGGACC

AGGGCCGCTCGTCCCGCACCAGGCTGGATCGAGAGCGTCTTAA

GTCCTGTATGAGGGAGTTGGAGAGCATGGGACAGCAGGCCAAG

AGCCTGAGGGCTCAGGTGAAGCGGCACACTGTTCGGGACAAGC

TGAGGTCATGCCAGAACTTTCTGCAGAAGCTACGCTTCCTGGCG

GATGAGCCCCAGCACAGCATTCCTGATGTGTTCATTTGGATGAT

GAGCAACAACAAACGTATCGCCTATGCCCGCGTGCCTTCCAAAG

ACCTGCTCTTCTCCATCGTGGAGGAGGAACTGGGCAAGGACTG

CGCCAAAGTCAAGACCCTCTTCCTGAAGCTGCCAGGGAAGAGG

GGCTTCGGCTCGGCAGGCTGGACAGTACAGGCCAAGCTGGAG

CTCTACCTGTGGCTGGGCCTCAGCAAGCAGCGAAAGGACTTCC

TGTGTGGTCTGCCCTGTGGCTTCGAGGAGGTCAAGGCAGCCCA

AGGCCTGGGCCTGCATTCCTTTCCGCCCATCAGCCTAGTCTACA

CCAAGAAGCAAGCCTTCCAGCTCCGAGCACACATGTATCAGGC

CCGAAGCCTCTTTGCTGCTGACAGCAGTGGGCTCTCTGATCCCT

TTGCCCGTGTCTTCTTCATCAACCAGAGCCAATGCACTGAGGTT

CTAAACGAGACACTGTGTCCCACCTGGGACCAGATGCTGGTATT

TGACAACCTGGAGCTGTACGGTGAAGCTCACGAGTTACGAGAT

GATCCCCCCATCATTGTCATTGAAATCTACGACCAGGACAGCAT

GGGCAAAGCCGACTTCATGGGCCGGACCTTCGCCAAGCCCCTG

GTGAAGATGGCAGATGAAGCATACTGCCCACCTCGCTTCCCGC

CGCAGCTTGAGTACTACCAGATCTACCGAGGCAGTGCCACTGC

CGGAGACCTACTGGCTGCCTTCGAGCTGCTGCAGATTGGGCCA

TCAGGGAAGGCTGACCTGCCACCCATCAATGGCCCAGTGGACA

TGGACAGAGGGCCCATCATGCCTGTGCCCGTGGGAATCCGGCC

AGTGCTCAGCAAGTACCGAGTGGAGGTGCTGTTCTGGGGCCTG

AGGGACCTAAAGAGGGTGAACCTGGCCCAGGTGGACCGACCAC

GGGTGGACATCGAGTGTGCAGGAAAGGGGGTACAATCCTCCCT

GATTCACAATTATAAGAAGAACCCCAACTTCAACACGCTGGTCAA

GTGGTTTGAAGTGGACCTCCCGGAGAATGAGCTCCTGCACCCA

CCCTTGAACATCCGAGTGGTAGATTGCCGGGCCTTTGGACGATA

CACCCTGGTGGGTTCCCACGCAGTCAGCTCACTGAGGCGCTTC

ATCTACCGACCTCCAGACCGCTCAGCCCCCAACTGGAACACCA

CAGGGGAGGTTGTAGTAAGCATGGAGCCTGAGGAGCCAGTTAA

GAAGCTGGAGACCATGGTGAAACTGGATGCGACTTCTGATGCT

GTGGTCAAGGTGGATGTGGCTGAAGATGAGAAGGAAAGGAAGA

AGAAGAAAAAGAAAGGCCCGTCAGAGGAGCCAGAGGAGGAAGA

GCCCGATGAGAGCATGCTGGATTGGTGGTCCAAGTACTTCGCC

TCCATCGACACAATGAAGGAGCAACTTCGACAACATGAGACCTC

TGGAACTGACTTGGAAGAGAAGGAAGAGATGGAAAGCGCTGAG

GGCCTGAAGGGACCAATGAAGAGCAAGGAGAAGTCCAGAGCTG

CAAAGGAGGAGAAAAAGAAGAAAAACCAGAGCCCTGGCCCTGG

CCAGGGATCGGAGGCTCCTGAGAAGAAGAAAGCCAAGATCGAT

GAGCTTAAGGTGTACCCCAAGGAGCTGGAATCGGAGTTTGACA

GCTTTGAGGACTGGCTGCACACCTTCAACCTGTTGAGGGGCAA

GACGGGAGATGATGAGGATGGCTCCACAGAGGAGGAGCGCATA

GTAGGCCGATTCAAGGGCTCCCTCTGTGTGTACAAAGTGCCACT

CCCAGAAGATGTATCTCGAGAAGCTGGCTATGATCCCACCTATG

GAATGTTCCAGGGCATCCCAAGCAATGACCCCATCAATGTGCTG

GTCCGAATCTATGTGGTCCGGGCCACAGACCTGCACCCGGCCG

ACATCAATGGCAAAGCTGACCCCTATATTGCCATCAAGTTAGGC

AAGACCGACATCCGAGACAAGGAGAACTACATCTCCAAGCAGCT

CAACCCTGTGTTTGGGAAGTCCTTTGACATTGAGGCCTCCTTCC

CCATGGAGTCCATGTTGACAGTGGCCGTGTACGACTGGGATCT

GGTGGGCACTGATGACCTCATCGGAGAAACCAAGATTGACCTG

GAAAACCGCTTCTACAGCAAGCATCGCGCCACCTGCGGCATCG

CACAGACCTATTCCATACATGGCTACAATATCTGGAGGGACCCC

ATGAAGCCCAGCCAGATCCTGACACGCCTCTGTAAAGAGGGCA

AAGTGGACGGCCCCCACTTTGGTCCCCATGGGAGAGTGAGGGT

TGCCAACCGTGTCTTCACGGGGCCTTCAGAAATAGAGGATGAGA

ATGGTCAGAGGAAGCCCACAGATGAGCACGTGGCACTGTCTGC

TCTGAGACACTGGGAGGACATCCCCCGGGTGGGCTGCCGCCTT

GTGCCGGAACACGTGGAGACCAGGCCGCTGCTCAACCCTGACA

AGCCAGGCATTGAGCAGGGCCGCCTGGAGCTGTGGGTGGACAT

GTTCCCCATGGACATGCCAGCCCCTGGGACACCTCTGGATATAT

CCCCCAGGAAACCCAAGAAGTACGAGCTGCGGGTCATCGTGTG

GAACACAGACGAGGTGGTCCTGGAAGACGATGATTTCTTCACG

GGAGAGAAGTCCAGTGACATTTTTGTGAGGGGGTGGCTGAAGG

GCCAGCAGGAGGACAAACAGGACACAGATGTCCACTATCACTC

CCTCACGGGGGAGGGCAACTTCAACTGGAGATACCTCTTCCCC

TTCGACTACCTAGCGGCCGAAGAGAAGATCGTTATGTCCAAAAA

GGAGTCTATGTTCTCCTGGGATGAGACGGAGTACAAGATCCCTG

CGCGGCTCACCCTGCAGATCTGGGACGCTGACCACTTCTCGGC

TGACGACTTCCTGGGGGCTATCGAGCTGGACCTGAACCGGTTC

CCGAGGGGCGCTAAGACAGCCAAGCAGTGCACCATGGAGATGG

CCACCGGGGAGGTGGACGTACCCCTGGTTTCCATCTTTAAACAG

AAACGTGTCAAAGGCTGGTGGCCCCTCCTGGCCCGCAATGAGA

ATGATGAGTTTGAGCTCACAGGCAAAGTGGAGGCGGAGCTACA

CCTACTCACGGCAGAGGAGGCAGAGAAGAACCCTGTGGGCCTG

GCTCGCAATGAACCTGATCCCCTAGAAAAACCCAACCGGCCTGA

CACGGCATTCGTCTGGTTCCTGAACCCACTCAAATCTATCAAGT

ACCTCATCTGCACCCGGTACAAGTGGCTGATCATCAAGATCGTG

CTGGCGCTGCTGGGGCTGCTCATGCTGGCCCTCTTCCTTTACA

GCCTCCCAGGCTACATGGTCAAGAAGCTCCTAGGGGCCTGAAG

TGTGCCCCACCCCAGCCCGCTCCAGCATCCCTCCAGGGGCTGC

TGCGTATTTTGCCTTCCCTCACCTGGACTCTCTCCCAACTCCCT

GAGGAGCCCTCCCACGCCTGCCAGCCTTGAGCAAGACACCTGC

TTGCTGGACTTCATCCCCACCCCACACCCAAACTGTTGCTTGCC

TGATCTTGTCCCAGGCCTGCCTGGGGTTTGGGGCACAGTTGGC

CTCCAAAACCAGATACCCTCTTGTCTAAAGTACCAGGTTCCTCTG

CCCAACCCCAAGAGTGGTAGTGGCCCAACCCTCCCTGTGCTTTC

CAAATCTTGTCTTAAGGCACCAGTGAAATTAACCAAGAAACGCG

GAGCAATGCCCAAGGCTCTGATGAGTAGGAACACGTGGAAAGC

ACCAGGAATGCCAGCAGAGGCGAGGCGGCACACCTCTCTGCAG

AGCATCCAGGCCGAGCGGCGGGCAGCGGCCAGCTGCTTCTGC

GCATGCTCTCCTCTTGGCTCTGCTTCTTTCTCACAGTCACAGTCA

CTTCACAGCTTAGCCTTGGGCTTCCCATCACTTCCAGGGGTGCC

TCTGCCTTGGCCAGTGTGTGTCAGCTAGTACACAAGCTCCAAGT

GTGAATCAGGTGTACTGGCCGTCCTGAAGACTGACTGCCCTGTC

CTTCCTGCCGACAGCCACACCCGAGTGTACACTTAAAGCGGTG

CCCTTCTGCCTCTGTGGGCCTGCTGGCTGCTGTTCCTTTCTTGA

GTGTGATTTTTTTTTTCTCTCCCTCAATAAAATAAATCAAACTCTG

AGAC

Expression of OTOF in Mammalian Cells

Mutations in OTOF have been linked to sensorineural hearing loss and auditory neuropathy. The compositions and methods described herein increase the expression of WT OTOF protein by administering a first nucleic acid vector that contains a polynucleotide encoding an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and a second nucleic acid vector that contains a polynucleotide encoding a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein. In order to utilize nucleic acid vectors for therapeutic application in the treatment of sensorineural hearing loss and auditory neuropathy, they can be directed to the interior of the cell, and, in particular, to specific cell types. A wide array of methods has been established for the delivery of proteins to mammalian cells and for the stable expression of genes encoding proteins in mammalian cells.

Polynucleotides Encoding OTOF

One platform that can be used to achieve therapeutically effective intracellular concentrations of OTOF in mammalian cells is via the stable expression of the gene encoding OTOF (e.g., by integration into the nuclear or mitochondrial genome of a mammalian cell, or by episomal concatemer formation in the nucleus of a mammalian cell). The gene is a polynucleotide that encodes the primary amino acid sequence of the corresponding protein. In order to introduce exogenous genes into a mammalian cell, genes can be incorporated into a vector. Vectors can be introduced into a cell by a variety of methods, including transformation, transfection, transduction, direct uptake, projectile bombardment; and by encapsulation of the vector in a liposome. Examples of suitable methods of transfecting or transforming cells include calcium phosphate precipitation, electroporation, microinjection, infection, lipofection and direct uptake. Such methods are described in more detail, for example, in Green, et al., Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual, Fourth Edition (Cold Spring Harbor University Press, New York 2014); and Ausubel, et al., Current Protocols in Molecular Biology (John Wiley & Sons, New York 2015), the disclosures of each of which are incorporated herein by reference.

OTOF can also be introduced into a mammalian cell by targeting vectors containing portions of a gene encoding an OTOF protein to cell membrane phospholipids. For example, vectors can be targeted to the phospholipids on the extracellular surface of the cell membrane by linking the vector molecule to a VSV-G protein, a viral protein with affinity for all cell membrane phospholipids. Such a construct can be produced using methods well known to those of skill in the field.

Recognition and binding of the polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein by mammalian RNA polymerase is important for gene expression. As such, one may include sequence elements within the polynucleotide that exhibit a high affinity for transcription factors that recruit RNA polymerase and promote the assembly of the transcription complex at the transcription initiation site. Such sequence elements include, e.g., a mammalian promoter, the sequence of which can be recognized and bound by specific transcription initiation factors and ultimately RNA polymerase.

Polynucleotides suitable for use in the compositions and methods described herein also include those that encode an OTOF protein downstream of a mammalian promoter (e.g., a polynucleotide that encodes an N-terminal portion of an OTOF protein downstream of a mammalian promoter). Promoters that are useful for the expression of an OTOF protein in mammalian cells include constitutive promoters, cochlear hair cell-specific promoters, and inner hair cell-specific promoters. Constitutive promoters include the CAG promoter, the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter, the EF1 a promoter, and the PGK promoter. Cochlear hair cell-specific promoters include the Myosin 15 (Myo15) promoter, the Myosin 7A (Myo7A) promoter, the Myosin 6 (Myo6) promoter, the POU4F3 promoter, the Atonal BHLH Transcription Factor 1 (ATOH1) promoter, the LIM Homeobox 3 (LHX3) promoter, the a9 acetylcholine receptor (α9AChR) promoter, and the α10 acetylcholine receptor (α10AChR) promoter. Inner hair cell-specific promoters include the FGF8 promoter, the VGLUT3 promoter, and the OTOF promoter. Alternatively, promoters derived from viral genomes can also be used for the stable expression of these agents in mammalian cells. Examples of functional viral promoters that can be used to promote mammalian expression of these agents include adenovirus late promoter, vaccinia virus 7.5K promoter, SV40 promoter, tk promoter of HSV, mouse mammary tumor virus (MMTV) promoter, LTR promoter of HIV, promoter of moloney virus, Epstein barr virus (EBV) promoter, and the Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) promoter.

In some embodiments, the Myo15 promoter for use in the compositions and methods described herein includes nucleic acid sequences from regions of the Myo15 locus that are capable of expressing a transgene specifically in hair cells, or variants thereof, such as a nucleic acid sequences that have at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to regions of the Myo15 locus that are capable of expressing a transgene specifically in hair cells. These regions include nucleic acid sequences immediately preceding the Myo15 translation start site and an upstream regulatory element that is located over 5 kb from the Myo15 translation start site. The Myo15 promoter for use in the compositions and methods described herein can optionally include a linker operably linking the regions of the Myo15 locus that are capable of expressing a transgene specifically in hair cells, or the regions of the Myo15 locus can be joined directly without an intervening linker.

In some embodiments, the Myo15 promoter for use in the compositions and methods described herein contains a first region (an upstream regulatory element) having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to a region containing the first non-coding exon of the Myo15 gene (nucleic acids from −6755 to −7209 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site, the sequence of which is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24) or a functional portion or derivative thereof joined (e.g., operably linked) to a second region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to the nucleic acid sequence immediately preceding the Myo15 translation start site (nucleic acids from −1 to −1157 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site, the sequence of which is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25) or a functional portion or derivative thereof. The functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 24 may have the sequence of nucleic acids from −7166 to −7091 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site (set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26) and/or the sequence of nucleic acids from −7077 to −6983 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site (set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27). The first region may contain the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26 fused to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 with no intervening nucleic acids, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28, or the first region may contain the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 fused to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26 with no intervening nucleic acids, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29. Alternatively, the first region may contain the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 26 and SEQ ID NO: 27 joined by the endogenous intervening nucleic acid sequence (e.g., the first region may have the sequence of nucleic acids from −7166 to −6983 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30) or a nucleic acid linker. In a Myo15 promoter in which the first region contains both SEQ ID NO: 26 and SEQ ID NO: 27, the two sequences can be included in any order (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 26 may be joined to (e.g., precede) SEQ ID NO: 27, or SEQ ID NO: 27 may be joined to (e.g., precede) SEQ ID NO: 26). The functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 25 may have the sequence of nucleic acids from −590 to −509 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site (set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31) and/or the sequence of nucleic acids from −266 to −161 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site (set forth in SEQ ID NO: 32). The second region may contain the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 fused to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32 with no intervening nucleic acids, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 33, or the second region may contain the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32 fused to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 with no intervening nucleic acids, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34. Alternatively, the second region may contain the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 31 and SEQ ID NO: 32 joined by the endogenous intervening nucleic acid sequence (e.g., the second region may have the sequence of nucleic acids from −590 to −161 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 35) or a nucleic acid linker. In a Myo15 promoter in which the second region contains both SEQ ID NO: 31 and SEQ ID NO: 32, the two sequences can be included in any order (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 31 may be joined to (e.g., precede) SEQ ID NO: 32, or SEQ ID NO: 32 may be joined to (e.g., precede) SEQ ID NO: 31).

The first region and the second region of the Myo15 promoter can be joined directly or can be joined by a nucleic acid linker. For example, the Myo15 promoter can contain the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24 or a functional portion or derivative thereof (e.g., any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 26-30, e.g., SEQ ID NOs 26 and 27) fused to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25 or a functional portion or derivative thereof (e.g., any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 31-35, e.g., SEQ ID NOs 31 and 32) with no intervening nucleic acids. For example, the nucleic acid sequence of the Myo15 promoter that results from direct fusion of SEQ ID NO: 24 to SEQ ID NO: 25 is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 36. Alternatively, a linker can be used to join the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24 or a functional portion or derivative thereof (e.g., any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 26-30, e.g., SEQ ID NOs 26 and 27) to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25 or a functional portion or derivative thereof (e.g., any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 31-35, e.g., SEQ ID NOs 31 and 32).

The length of a nucleic acid linker for use in a Myo15 promoter described herein can be about 5 kb or less (e.g., about 5 kb, 4.5, kb, 4, kb, 3.5 kb, 3 kb, 2.5 kb, 2 kb, 1.5 kb, 1 kb, 900 bp, 800 bp, 700 bp, 600 bp, 500 bp, 450 bp, 400 bp, 350 bp, 300 bp, 250 bp, 200 bp, 150 bp, 100 bp, 90 bp, 80 bp, 70 bp, 60 bp, 50 bp, 40 bp, 30 bp, 25 bp, 20 bp, 15, bp, 10 bp, 5 bp, 4 bp, 3 bp, 2 bp, or less). Nucleic acid linkers that can be used in the Myo15 promoter described herein do not disrupt the ability of the Myo15 promoter of the invention to induce transgene expression in hair cells.

In some embodiments, the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24 or a functional portion or derivative thereof (e.g., any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 26-30, e.g., SEQ ID NOs 26 and 27) is joined (e.g., operably linked) to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25 or a functional portion or derivative thereof (e.g., any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 31-35, e.g., SEQ ID NOs 31 and 32), and, in some embodiments, the order of the regions is reversed (e.g., the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25 or a functional portion or derivative thereof (e.g., any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 31-35, e.g., SEQ ID NOs 31 and 32) is joined (e.g., operably linked) to the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24 or a functional portion or derivative thereof (e.g., any one or more of SEQ ID NOs: 26-30, e.g., SEQ ID NOs 26 and 27)). For example, the nucleic acid sequence of the Myo15 promoter that results from direct fusion of SEQ ID NO: 25 to SEQ ID NO: 24 is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 37. Regardless of order, the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 24 or a functional portion or derivative thereof and the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 25 or a functional portion or derivative thereof can be joined by direct fusion or a nucleic acid linker, as described above.

In some embodiments, the Myo15 promoter for use in the compositions and methods described herein contains a region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to a region containing the first non-coding exon of the Myo15 gene (nucleic acids from −6755 to −7209 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site, the sequence of which is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 24) or a functional portion or derivative thereof. The functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 24 may have the sequence of nucleic acids from −7166 to −7091 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site (set forth in SEQ ID NO: 26) and/or the sequence of nucleic acids from −7077 to −6983 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site (set forth in SEQ ID NO: 27). The Myo15 promoter may contain the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26 fused to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 with no intervening nucleic acids, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 28, or the Myo15 promoter may contain the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 27 fused to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 26 with no intervening nucleic acids, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 29. Alternatively, the Myo15 promoter may contain the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 26 and SEQ ID NO: 27 joined by the endogenous intervening nucleic acid sequence (e.g., the first region may have the sequence of nucleic acids from −7166 to −6983 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 30) or a nucleic acid linker. In a Myo15 promoter that contains both SEQ ID NO: 26 and SEQ ID NO: 27, the two sequences can be included in any order (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 26 may be joined to (e.g., precede) SEQ ID NO: 27, or SEQ ID NO: 27 may be joined to (e.g., precede) SEQ ID NO: 26).

In some embodiments, the Myo15 promoter for use in the compositions and methods described herein contains a region having at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to the nucleic acid sequence immediately upstream of the Myo15 translation start site (nucleic acids from −1 to −1157 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site, the sequence of which is set forth in SEQ ID NO: 25) or a functional portion or derivative thereof. The functional portion of SEQ ID NO: 25 may have the sequence of nucleic acids from −590 to −509 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site (set forth in SEQ ID NO: 31) and/or the sequence of nucleic acids from −266 to −161 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site (set forth in SEQ ID NO: 32). The Myo15 promoter may contain the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 fused to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32 with no intervening nucleic acids, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 33, or the Myo15 promoter may contain the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 32 fused to the nucleic acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 31 with no intervening nucleic acids, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 34. Alternatively, the Myo15 promoter may contain the sequences of SEQ ID NO: 31 and SEQ ID NO: 32 joined by the endogenous intervening nucleic acid sequence (e.g., the second region may have the sequence of nucleic acids from −590 to −161 with respect to the Myo15 translation start site, as set forth in SEQ ID NO: 35) or a nucleic acid linker. In a Myo15 promoter that contains both SEQ ID NO: 31 and SEQ ID NO: 32, the two sequences can be included in any order (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 31 may be joined to (e.g., precede) SEQ ID NO: 32, or SEQ ID NO: 32 may be joined to (e.g., precede) SEQ ID NO: 31).

The foregoing Myo15 promoter sequences are summarized in Table 3, below.

TABLE 3

Exemplary nucleotide sequences for use

in the Myo15 promoter described herein

SEQ ID
Description of nucleic

NO.
acid sequence
Nucleic Acid Sequence

24
Region containing non-
CTGCAGCTCAGCCTACTACTTGCTTTCCAGGCTGTTCCTAGT

coding exon 1 of Myo15
TCCCATGTCAGCTGCTTGTGCTTTCCAGAGACAAAACAGGAA

(-6755 to -7209)
TAATAGATGTCATTAAATATACATTGGGCCCCAGGCGGTCAAT

GTGGCAGCCTGAGCCTCCTTTCCATCTCTGTGGAGGCAGAC

ATAGGACCCCCAACAAACAGCATGCAGGTTGGGAGCCAGCC

ACAGGACCCAGGTAAGGGGCCCTGGGTCCTTAAGCTTCTGC

CACTGGCTCCGGCATTGCAGAGAGAAGAGAAGGGGCGGCA

GAGCTGAACCTTAGCCTTGCCTTCCTGGGTACCCTTCTGAGC

CTCACTGTCTTCTGTGAGATGGGCAAAGTGCGGGTGTGACTC

CTTGGCAACGGTGTTACACCAGGGCAGGTAAAGTTGTAGTTA

TTTGTGGGGTACACCAGGACTGTTAAAGGTGTAACTAT

25
Region immediately
GGTCTCACCCAGCATTTTCACTTCTAATAAGTTCAAATGTGAT

preceding the
ACGGCACCTTTCTAAAAATTAGTTTTCAGGGAAATAGGGTTCA

translation start site of
AAACTGGTAGTGGTAGGGTCCATTCTCACGACCCCCAGGCCT

Myo15 (-1 to -1157)
GCTAACCCTGACCAAGCTACCTATTACTTACCCTCCTCTTTCT

CCTCCTCCTCTTTCTCCTTCTCCTGCTTCCCCTCTTCCTTCTC

CCTCCCTTCCTCTCCCTCCTCCCCCTCCTTGGCTGTGATCAG

ATCCAGAGCCTGAATGAGCCTCCTGACCCCACACCCCCACTA

GCATGGGCCTGCAAGTGCCCAGAAGTCCCTCCTGCCTCCTA

AACTGCCCAGCCGATCCATTAGCTCTTCCTTCTTCCCAGTGA

AAGAAGCAGGCACAGCCTGTCCCTCCCGTTCTACAGAAAGG

AAGCTACAGCACAGGGAGGGCCAAAGGCCTTCCTGGGACTA

GACAGTTGATCAACAGCAGGACTGGAGAGCTGGGCTCCATTT

TTGTTCCTTGGTGCCCTGCCCCTCCCCATGACCTGCAGAGAC

ATTCAGCCTGCCAGGCTTTATGAGGTGGGAGCTGGGCTCTC

CCTGATGTATTATTCAGCTCCCTGGAGTTGGCCAGCTCCTGT

TACACTGGCCACAGCCCTGGGCATCCGCTTCTCACTTCTAGT

TTCCCCTCCAAGGTAATGTGGTGGGTCATGATCATTCTATCCT

GGCTTCAGGGACCTGACTCCACTTTGGGGCCATTCGAGGGG

TCTAGGGTAGATGATGTCCCCCTGTGGGGATTAATGTCCTGC

TCTGTAAAACTGAGCTAGCTGAGATCCAGGAGGGCTTGGCCA

GAGACAGCAAGTTGTTGCCATGGTGACTTTAAAGCCAGGTTG

CTGCCCCAGCACAGGCCTCCCAGTCTACCCTCACTAGAAAAC

AACACCCAGGCACTTTCCACCACCTCTCAAAGGTGAAACCCA

AGGCTGGTCTAGAGAATGAATTATGGATCCTCGCTGTCCGTG

CCACCCAGCTAGTCCCAGCGGCTCAGACACTGAGGAGAGAC

TGTAGGTTCAGCTACAAGCAAAAAGACCTAGCTGGTCTCCAA

GCAGTGTCTCCAAGTCCCTGAACCTGTGACACCTGCCCCAG

GCATCATCAGGCACAGAGGGCCACC

26
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
CCCATGTCAGCTGCTTGTGCTTTCCAGAGACAAAACAGGAAT

24 (-7166 to -7091)
AATAGATGTCATTAAATATACATTGGGCCCCAGG

27
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
AGCCTGAGCCTCCTTTCCATCTCTGTGGAGGCAGACATAGGA

24 (-7077 to -6983)
CCCCCAACAAACAGCATGCAGGTTGGGAGCCAGCCACAGGA

CCCAGGTAAGGG

28
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
CCCATGTCAGCTGCTTGTGCTTTCCAGAGACAAAACAGGAAT

24 (SEQ ID NO: 26
AATAGATGTCATTAAATATACATTGGGCCCCAGGAGCCTGAG

fused to SEQ ID NO:
CCTCCTTTCCATCTCTGTGGAGGCAGACATAGGACCCCCAAC

27)
AAACAGCATGCAGGTTGGGAGCCAGCCACAGGACCCAGGTA

AGGG

29
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
AGCCTGAGCCTCCTTTCCATCTCTGTGGAGGCAGACATAGGA

24 (SEQ ID NO: 27
CCCCCAACAAACAGCATGCAGGTTGGGAGCCAGCCACAGGA

fused to SEQ ID NO:
CCCAGGTAAGGGCCCATGTCAGCTGCTTGTGCTTTCCAGAGA

26)
CAAAACAGGAATAATAGATGTCATTAAATATACATTGGGCCCC

AGG

30
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
CCCATGTCAGCTGCTTGTGCTTTCCAGAGACAAAACAGGAAT

24
AATAGATGTCATTAAATATACATTGGGCCCCAGGCGGTCAAT

(-7166 to -6983)
GTGGCAGCCTGAGCCTCCTTTCCATCTCTGTGGAGGCAGAC

ATAGGACCCCCAACAAACAGCATGCAGGTTGGGAGCCAGCC

ACAGGACCCAGGTAAGGG

31
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
TGAGGTGGGAGCTGGGCTCTCCCTGATGTATTATTCAGCTCC

25 (-590 to -509)
CTGGAGTTGGCCAGCTCCTGTTACACTGGCCACAGCCCTG

32
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
CACAGGCCTCCCAGTCTACCCTCACTAGAAAACAACACCCAG

25 (-266 to -161)
GCACTTTCCACCACCTCTCAAAGGTGAAACCCAAGGCTGGTC

TAGAGAATGAATTATGGATCCT

33
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
TGAGGTGGGAGCTGGGCTCTCCCTGATGTATTATTCAGCTCC

25
CTGGAGTTGGCCAGCTCCTGTTACACTGGCCACAGCCCTG

(SEQ ID NO: 31 fused
CACAGGCCTCCCAGTCTACCCTCACTAGAAAACAACACCCAG

to SEQ ID NO: 32)
GCACTTTCCACCACCTCTCAAAGGTGAAACCCAAGGCTGGTC

TAGAGAATGAATTATGGATCCT

34
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
CACAGGCCTCCCAGTCTACCCTCACTAGAAAACAACACCCAG

25
GCACTTTCCACCACCTCTCAAAGGTGAAACCCAAGGCTGGTC

(SEQ ID NO: 32 fused
TAGAGAATGAATTATGGATCCTTGAGGTGGGAGCTGGGCTCT

to SEQ ID NO: 31)
CCCTGATGTATTATTCAGCTCCCTGGAGTTGGCCAGCTCCTG

TTACACTGGCCACAGCCCTG

35
Portion of SEQ ID NO:
TGAGGTGGGAGCTGGGCTCTCCCTGATGTATTATTCAGCTCC

25
CTGGAGTTGGCCAGCTCCTGTTACACTGGCCACAGCCCTGG

(-590 to -161)
GCATCCGCTTCTCACTTCTAGTTTCCCCTCCAAGGTAATGTG

GTGGGTCATGATCATTCTATCCTGGCTTCAGGGACCTGACTC

CACTTTGGGGCCATTCGAGGGGTCTAGGGTAGATGATGTCC

CCCTGTGGGGATTAATGTCCTGCTCTGTAAAACTGAGCTAGC

TGAGATCCAGGAGGGCTTGGCCAGAGACAGCAAGTTGTTGC

CATGGTGACTTTAAAGCCAGGTTGCTGCCCCAGCACAGGCCT

CCCAGTCTACCCTCACTAGAAAACAACACCCAGGCACTTTCC

ACCACCTCTCAAAGGTGAAACCCAAGGCTGGTCTAGAGAATG

AATTATGGATCCT

36
SEQ ID NO: 24 fused
CTGCAGCTCAGCCTACTACTTGCTTTCCAGGCTGTTCCTAGT

to SEQ ID NO: 25
TCCCATGTCAGCTGCTTGTGCTTTCCAGAGACAAAACAGGAA

TAATAGATGTCATTAAATATACATTGGGCCCCAGGCGGTCAAT

GTGGCAGCCTGAGCCTCCTTTCCATCTCTGTGGAGGCAGAC

ATAGGACCCCCAACAAACAGCATGCAGGTTGGGAGCCAGCC

ACAGGACCCAGGTAAGGGGCCCTGGGTCCTTAAGCTTCTGC

CACTGGCTCCGGCATTGCAGAGAGAAGAGAAGGGGCGGCA

GAGCTGAACCTTAGCCTTGCCTTCCTGGGTACCCTTCTGAGC

CTCACTGTCTTCTGTGAGATGGGCAAAGTGCGGGTGTGACTC

CTTGGCAACGGTGTTACACCAGGGCAGGTAAAGTTGTAGTTA

TTTGTGGGGTACACCAGGACTGTTAAAGGTGTAACTATGGTC

TCACCCAGCATTTTCACTTCTAATAAGTTCAAATGTGATACGG

CACCTTTCTAAAAATTAGTTTTCAGGGAAATAGGGTTCAAAAC

TGGTAGTGGTAGGGTCCATTCTCACGACCCCCAGGCCTGCT

AACCCTGACCAAGCTACCTATTACTTACCCTCCTCTTTCTCCT

CCTCCTCTTTCTCCTTCTCCTGCTTCCCCTCTTCCTTCTCCCT

CCCTTCCTCTCCCTCCTCCCCCTCCTTGGCTGTGATCAGATC

CAGAGCCTGAATGAGCCTCCTGACCCCACACCCCCACTAGC

ATGGGCCTGCAAGTGCCCAGAAGTCCCTCCTGCCTCCTAAAC

TGCCCAGCCGATCCATTAGCTCTTCCTTCTTCCCAGTGAAAG

AAGCAGGCACAGCCTGTCCCTCCCGTTCTACAGAAAGGAAG

CTACAGCACAGGGAGGGCCAAAGGCCTTCCTGGGACTAGAC

AGTTGATCAACAGCAGGACTGGAGAGCTGGGCTCCATTTTTG

TTCCTTGGTGCCCTGCCCCTCCCCATGACCTGCAGAGACATT

CAGCCTGCCAGGCTTTATGAGGTGGGAGCTGGGCTCTCCCT

GATGTATTATTCAGCTCCCTGGAGTTGGCCAGCTCCTGTTAC

ACTGGCCACAGCCCTGGGCATCCGCTTCTCACTTCTAGTTTC

CCCTCCAAGGTAATGTGGTGGGTCATGATCATTCTATCCTGG

CTTCAGGGACCTGACTCCACTTTGGGGCCATTCGAGGGGTC

TAGGGTAGATGATGTCCCCCTGTGGGGATTAATGTCCTGCTC

TGTAAAACTGAGCTAGCTGAGATCCAGGAGGGCTTGGCCAG

AGACAGCAAGTTGTTGCCATGGTGACTTTAAAGCCAGGTTGC

TGCCCCAGCACAGGCCTCCCAGTCTACCCTCACTAGAAAACA

ACACCCAGGCACTTTCCACCACCTCTCAAAGGTGAAACCCAA

GGCTGGTCTAGAGAATGAATTATGGATCCTCGCTGTCCGTGC

CACCCAGCTAGTCCCAGCGGCTCAGACACTGAGGAGAGACT

GTAGGTTCAGCTACAAGCAAAAAGACCTAGCTGGTCTCCAAG

CAGTGTCTCCAAGTCCCTGAACCTGTGACACCTGCCCCAGG

CATCATCAGGCACAGAGGGCCACC

37
SEQ ID NO: 25 fused
GGTCTCACCCAGCATTTTCACTTCTAATAAGTTCAAATGTGAT

to SEQ ID NO: 24
ACGGCACCTTTCTAAAAATTAGTTTTCAGGGAAATAGGGTTCA

AAACTGGTAGTGGTAGGGTCCATTCTCACGACCCCCAGGCCT

GCTAACCCTGACCAAGCTACCTATTACTTACCCTCCTCTTTCT

CCTCCTCCTCTTTCTCCTTCTCCTGCTTCCCCTCTTCCTTCTC

CCTCCCTTCCTCTCCCTCCTCCCCCTCCTTGGCTGTGATCAG

ATCCAGAGCCTGAATGAGCCTCCTGACCCCACACCCCCACTA

GCATGGGCCTGCAAGTGCCCAGAAGTCCCTCCTGCCTCCTA

AACTGCCCAGCCGATCCATTAGCTCTTCCTTCTTCCCAGTGA

AAGAAGCAGGCACAGCCTGTCCCTCCCGTTCTACAGAAAGG

AAGCTACAGCACAGGGAGGGCCAAAGGCCTTCCTGGGACTA

GACAGTTGATCAACAGCAGGACTGGAGAGCTGGGCTCCATTT

TTGTTCCTTGGTGCCCTGCCCCTCCCCATGACCTGCAGAGAC

ATTCAGCCTGCCAGGCTTTATGAGGTGGGAGCTGGGCTCTC

CCTGATGTATTATTCAGCTCCCTGGAGTTGGCCAGCTCCTGT

TACACTGGCCACAGCCCTGGGCATCCGCTTCTCACTTCTAGT

TTCCCCTCCAAGGTAATGTGGTGGGTCATGATCATTCTATCCT

GGCTTCAGGGACCTGACTCCACTTTGGGGCCATTCGAGGGG

TCTAGGGTAGATGATGTCCCCCTGTGGGGATTAATGTCCTGC

TCTGTAAAACTGAGCTAGCTGAGATCCAGGAGGGCTTGGCCA

GAGACAGCAAGTTGTTGCCATGGTGACTTTAAAGCCAGGTTG

CTGCCCCAGCACAGGCCTCCCAGTCTACCCTCACTAGAAAAC

AACACCCAGGCACTTTCCACCACCTCTCAAAGGTGAAACCCA

AGGCTGGTCTAGAGAATGAATTATGGATCCTCGCTGTCCGTG

CCACCCAGCTAGTCCCAGCGGCTCAGACACTGAGGAGAGAC

TGTAGGTTCAGCTACAAGCAAAAAGACCTAGCTGGTCTCCAA

GCAGTGTCTCCAAGTCCCTGAACCTGTGACACCTGCCCCAG

GCATCATCAGGCACAGAGGGCCACCCTGCAGCTCAGCCTAC

TACTTGCTTTCCAGGCTGTTCCTAGTTCCCATGTCAGCTGCTT

GTGCTTTCCAGAGACAAAACAGGAATAATAGATGTCATTAAAT

ATACATTGGGCCCCAGGCGGTCAATGTGGCAGCCTGAGCCT

CCTTTCCATCTCTGTGGAGGCAGACATAGGACCCCCAACAAA

CAGCATGCAGGTTGGGAGCCAGCCACAGGACCCAGGTAAGG

GGCCCTGGGTCCTTAAGCTTCTGCCACTGGCTCCGGCATTG

CAGAGAGAAGAGAAGGGGCGGCAGAGCTGAACCTTAGCCTT

GCCTTCCTGGGTACCCTTCTGAGCCTCACTGTCTTCTGTGAG

ATGGGCAAAGTGCGGGTGTGACTCCTTGGCAACGGTGTTAC

ACCAGGGCAGGTAAAGTTGTAGTTATTTGTGGGGTACACCAG

GACTGTTAAAGGTGTAACTAT

Additional Myo15 promoters useful in conjunction with the compositions and methods described herein include nucleic acid molecules that have at least 85% sequence identity (e.g., 85%, 90%, 95%, 96%, 97%, 98%, 99%, or more, sequence identity) to the nucleic acid sequences set forth in Table 3, as well as functional portions or derivatives of the nucleic acid sequences set forth in Table 3. The Myo15 promoters listed in Table 3 are characterized in U.S. Provisional Application 62/663,679, which is incorporated herein by reference.

Once a polynucleotide encoding OTOF has been incorporated into the nuclear DNA of a mammalian cell or stabilized in an episomal monomer or concatemer, the transcription of this polynucleotide can be induced by methods known in the art. For example expression can be induced by exposing the mammalian cell to an external chemical reagent, such as an agent that modulates the binding of a transcription factor and/or RNA polymerase to the mammalian promoter and thus regulates gene expression. The chemical reagent can serve to facilitate the binding of RNA polymerase and/or transcription factors to the mammalian promoter, e.g., by removing a repressor protein that has bound the promoter. Alternatively, the chemical reagent can serve to enhance the affinity of the mammalian promoter for RNA polymerase and/or transcription factors such that the rate of transcription of the gene located downstream of the promoter is increased in the presence of the chemical reagent. Examples of chemical reagents that potentiate polynucleotide transcription by the above mechanisms include tetracycline and doxycycline. These reagents are commercially available (Life Technologies®, Carlsbad, CA) and can be administered to a mammalian cell in order to promote gene expression according to established protocols.

Other DNA sequence elements that may be included in the nucleic acid vectors for use in the compositions and methods described herein include enhancer sequences. Enhancers represent another class of regulatory elements that induce a conformational change in the polynucleotide containing the gene of interest such that the DNA adopts a three-dimensional orientation that is favorable for binding of transcription factors and RNA polymerase at the transcription initiation site. Thus, polynucleotides for use in the compositions and methods described herein include those that encode an OTOF protein and additionally include a mammalian enhancer sequence. Many enhancer sequences are now known from mammalian genes, and examples include enhancers from the genes that encode mammalian globin, elastase, albumin, α-fetoprotein, and insulin. Enhancers for use in the compositions and methods described herein also include those that are derived from the genetic material of a virus capable of infecting a eukaryotic cell. Examples include the SV40 enhancer on the late side of the replication origin (bp 100-270), the cytomegalovirus early promoter enhancer, the polyoma enhancer on the late side of the replication origin, and adenovirus enhancers. Additional enhancer sequences that induce activation of eukaryotic gene transcription are disclosed in Yaniv, et al., Nature 297:17 (1982). An enhancer may be spliced into a vector containing a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein, for example, at a position 5′ or 3′ to this gene. In a preferred orientation, the enhancer is positioned at the 5′ side of the promoter, which in turn is located 5′ relative to the polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein.

The nucleic acid vectors described herein may include a Woodchuck Posttranscriptional Regulatory Element (WPRE). The WPRE acts at the mRNA level, by promoting nuclear export of transcripts and/or by increasing the efficiency of polyadenylation of the nascent transcript, thus increasing the total amount of mRNA in the cell. The addition of the WPRE to a vector can result in a substantial improvement in the level of transgene expression from several different promoters, both in vitro and in vivo. The WPRE can be located in the second nucleic acid vector between the polynucleotide encoding a C-terminal portion of an OTOF protein and the poly(A) sequence. In the compositions and methods described herein, the WPRE can have the sequence:

(SEQ ID NO: 23)

GATCCAATCAACCTCTGGATTACAAAATTTGTGAAAGATTGACTGGTAT

TCTTAACTATGTTGCTCCTTTTACGCTATGTGGATACGCTGCTTTAATG

CCTTTGTATCATGCTATTGCTTCCCGTATGGCTTTCATTTTCTCCTCCT

TGTATAAATCCTGGTTGCTGTCTCTTTATGAGGAGTTGTGGCCCGTTGT

CAGGCAACGTGGCGTGGTGTGCACTGTGTTTGCTGACGCAACCCCCACT

GGTTGGGGCATTGCCACCACCTGTCAGCTCCTTTCCGGGACTTTCGCTT

TCCCCCTCCCTATTGCCACGGCGGAACTCATCGCCGCCTGCCTTGCCCG

CTGCTGGACAGGGGCTCGGCTGTTGGGCACTGACAATTCCGTGGTGTTG

TCGGGGAAATCATCGTCCTTTCCTTGGCTGCTCGCCTGTGTTGCCACCT

GGATTCTGCGCGGGACGTCCTTCTGCTACGTCCCTTCGGCCCTCAATCC

AGCGGACCTTCCTTCCCGCGGCCTGCTGCCGGCTCTGCGGCCTCTTCCG

CGTCTTCGA.

The WPRE can also have the sequence:

(SEQ ID NO: 38)

AATCAACCTCTGGATTACAAAATTTGTGAAAGATTGACTGGTATTCTTA

ACTATGTTGCTCCTTTTACGCTATGTGGATACGCTGCTTTAATGCCTTT

GTATCATGCTATTGCTTCCCGTATGGCTTTCATTTTCTCCTCCTTGTAT

AAATCCTGGTTAGTTCTTGCCACGGCGGAACTCATCGCCGCCTGCCTTG

CCCGCTGCTGGACAGGGGCTCGGCTGTTGGGCACTGACAATTCCGTGGT

GTTTATTTGTGAAATTTGTGATGCTATTGCTTTATTTGTAACCATCTAG

CTTTATTTGTGAAATTTGTGATGCTATTGCTTTATTTGTAACCATTATA

AGCTGCAATAAACAAGTTAACAACAACAATTGCATTCATTTTATGTTTC

AGGTTCAGGGGGAGATGTGGGAGGTTTTTTAAA

In some embodiments, the nucleic acid vectors for use in the compositions and methods described herein include a reporter sequence, which can be useful in verifying OTOF gene expression, for example, in specific cells and tissues (e.g., in cochlear hair cells). Reporter sequences that may be provided in a transgene include DNA sequences encoding β-lactamase, β-galactosidase (LacZ), alkaline phosphatase, thymidine kinase, green fluorescent protein (GFP), chloramphenicol acetyltransferase (CAT), luciferase, and others well known in the art. When associated with regulatory elements which drive their expression, the reporter sequences provide signals detectable by conventional means, including enzymatic, radiographic, colorimetric, fluorescence or other spectrographic assays, fluorescent activating cell sorting assays and immunological assays, including enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), radioimmunoassay (RIA), and immunohistochemistry. For example, where the marker sequence is the LacZ gene, the presence of the vector carrying the signal is detected by assays for β-galactosidase activity. Where the transgene is green fluorescent protein or luciferase, the vector carrying the signal may be measured visually by color or light production in a luminometer.

Overlapping Dual Vectors

One approach for expressing large proteins in mammalian cells involves the use of overlapping dual vectors. This approach is based on the use of two nucleic acid vectors, each of which contains a portion of a polynucleotide that encodes a protein of interest and has a defined region of sequence overlap with the other polynucleotide. Homologous recombination can occur at the region of overlap and lead to the formation of a single nucleic acid molecule that encodes the full-length protein of interest.

Overlapping dual vectors for use in the methods and compositions described herein contain at least one kilobase (kb) of overlapping sequence (e.g., 1 kb, 1.5 kb, 2 kb, 2.5 kb, 3 kb or more of overlapping sequence). The nucleic acid vectors are designed such that the overlapping region is centered at an OTOF exon boundary, with an equal amount of overlap on either side of the boundary. The boundaries are chosen based on the size of the promoter and the locations of the portions of the polynucleotide that encode OTOF C2 domains. Overlapping regions are centered on exon boundaries that occur outside of the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2C domain (e.g., after the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2C domain). Exon boundaries within the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain can be selected as the center of the overlapping region, or exon boundaries located after the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain and before the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2E domain can serve as the center of an overlapping region. The nucleic acid vectors for use in the methods and compositions described herein are also designed such that approximately half of the OTOF gene is contained within each vector (e.g., each vector contains a polynucleotide that encodes approximately half of the OTOF protein).

One exemplary overlapping dual vector system includes a first nucleic acid vector containing a CAG promoter operably linked to exons 1-28 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 28/29 boundary of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1, or mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6); and a second nucleic acid vector containing the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 28/29 boundary and exons 29-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1, or mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bovine growth hormone (bGH) poly(A) signal sequence). In this overlapping dual vector system, the overlapping sequence is centered at the exon 28/29 boundary, which is after the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain. Another exemplary overlapping dual vector system includes a first nucleic acid vector containing a CAG promoter operably linked to exons 1-24 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 24/25 boundary of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1, or mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6); and a second nucleic acid vector containing the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 24/25 boundary and exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1, or mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bGH poly(A) signal sequence). In this overlapping dual vector system, the overlapping sequence is centered at the exon 24/25 boundary, which is within the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain. The two exon boundaries described above can be used with any promoter that is a similar size to the CAG promoter (e.g., the CMV promoter), such as promoters that are 1 kb or shorter (e.g., approximately 1 kb, 950 bp, 900 bp, 850 bp, 800 bp, 750 bp, 700 bp, 650 bp, 600 bp, 550 bp 500 bp, 450 bp, 400 bp, 350 bp, 300 bp or shorter). For example, in either of the foregoing dual vector systems, the CMV promoter can be used in the place of the CAG promoter. A Myo15 promoter having a sequence that is 1 kb or shorter (e.g., a Myo15 promoter described hereinabove) can also be used in place of the CAG promoter. Alternatively, a different exon boundary can be chosen that is within or after the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain and before the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2E domain. The nucleic acid vectors containing promoters of this size can optionally contain OTOF UTRs. For example, in the foregoing overlapping dual vector system in which the overlapping region is centered at the exon 28/29 boundary of OTOF, the second nucleic acid vector can contain the full-length OTOF 3′ UTR (e.g., the 1035 bp human OTOF 3′ UTR in dual vector systems encoding human OTOF, or the 1001 bp mouse OTOF 3′ UTR in dual vector systems encoding mouse OTOF). In the foregoing overlapping dual vector system in which the overlapping region is centered at the exon 24/25 boundary of OTOF, neither the first nor the second nucleic acid vector contains an OTOF UTR.

In some embodiments, the first nucleic acid vector in the overlapping dual vector system contains a long promoter (e.g., a promoter that is longer than 1 kb, e.g., 1.1 kb, 1.25 kb, 1.5 kb, 1.75 kb, 2 kb, 2.5 kb, 3 kb or longer). In such overlapping dual vector systems, the overlapping region is centered at an exon boundary that is located after the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2C domain and before the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain. For example, an overlapping dual vector system for use in the methods and compositions described herein includes a first nucleic acid vector containing a Myo15 promoter that is longer than 1 kb (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-21 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 21/22 boundary of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1); and a second nucleic acid vector containing the 500 kb immediately 5′ of the exon 21/22 boundary and exons 22-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bGH poly(A) signal sequence). In this overlapping dual vector system, neither the first nor the second nucleic acid vector includes an OTOF UTR. A short promoter (e.g., a CMV promoter, CAG promoter, or a Myo15 promoter having a sequence that is 1 kb or shorter) can also be used in this dual vector system (e.g., a dual vector system in which the overlapping region is centered at the exon 21/22 boundary). If a short promoter is used, additional elements, such as a 5′ OTOF UTR, can be included in the first vector (e.g., the vector containing exons 1-21 and the 500 kb immediately 3′ of the exon 21/22 boundary of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein).

Trans-Splicing Dual Vectors

A second approach for expressing large proteins in mammalian cells involves the use of trans-splicing dual vectors. In this approach, two nucleic acid vectors are used that contain distinct nucleic acid sequences, and the polynucleotide encoding the N-terminal portion of the protein of interest and the polynucleotide encoding the C-terminal portion of the protein of interest do not overlap. Instead, the first nucleic acid vector includes a splice donor sequence 3′ of the polynucleotide encoding the N-terminal portion of the protein of interest, and the second nucleic acid vector includes a splice acceptor sequence 5′ of the polynucleotide encoding the C-terminal portion of the protein of interest. When the first and second nucleic acids are present in the same cell, their ITRs can concaternerize, forming a single nucleic acid structure in which the concatemerized ITRs are positioned between the splice donor and splice acceptor. Trans-splicing then occurs during transcription, producing a nucleic acid molecule in which the polynucleotides encoding the N-terminal and C-terminal portions of the protein of interest are contiguous, thereby forming the full-length coding sequence.

Trans-splicing dual vectors for use in the methods and compositions described herein are designed such that approximately half of the OTOF gene is contained within each vector (e.g., each vector contains a polynucleotide that encodes approximately half of the OTOF protein). The determination of how to split the polynucleotide sequence between the two nucleic acid vectors is made based on the size of the promoter and the locations of the portions of the polynucleotide that encode the OTOF C2 domains. When a short promoter is used in the trans-splicing dual vector system (e.g., a promoter that is 1 kb or shorter, e.g., approximately 1 kb, 950 bp, 900 bp, 850 bp, 800 bp, 750 bp, 700 bp, 650 bp, 600 bp, 550 bp 500 bp, 450 bp, 400 bp, 350 bp, 300 bp or shorter), such as a CAG promoter, a CMV promoter, or a Myo15 promoter having a sequence that is 1 kb or shorter (e.g., a Myo15 promoter described hereinabove), the OTOF polynucleotide sequence is divided between the two nucleic acid vectors at an exon boundary that occurs after the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain and before the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2E domain, for example, the exon 26/27 boundary. The nucleic acid vectors containing promoters of this size can optionally contain OTOF UTRs (e.g., both the 5′ and 3′ OTOF UTRs, e.g., full-length UTRs). When a long promoter is used in the trans-splicing dual vector system (e.g., a promoter that is longer than 1 kb, e.g., 1.1 kb, 1.25 kb, 1.5 kb, 1.75 kb, 2 kb, 2.5 kb, 3 kb or longer), such as a Myo15 promoter that is longer than 1 kb (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 36), the OTOF polynucleotide sequence will be divided between the two nucleic acid vectors at an exon boundary that occurs after the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2C domain, and either before the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain, such as the exon 19/20 boundary, or within the portion of the polynucleotide that encodes the C2D domain, such as the exon 25/26 boundary. A short promoter (e.g., a CMV promoter, CAG promoter, or a Myo15 promoter having a sequence that is 1 kb or shorter) can also be used in the dual vector systems designed for large promoters, in which case additional elements (e.g., OTOF UTR sequences) may be included in the first vector (e.g., the vector containing the portion of the polynucleotide the encodes the C2C domain).

One exemplary trans-splicing dual vector system that uses a short promoter includes a first nucleic acid vector containing a CAG promoter operably linked to exons 1-26 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1) and a splice donor sequence 3′ of the polynucleotide sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor sequence 5′ of exons 27-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bGH poly(A) signal sequence). An alternative trans-splicing dual vector system includes a first nucleic acid vector containing a CAG promoter operably linked to exons 1-28 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6) and a splice donor sequence 3′ of the polynucleotide sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor sequence 5′ of exons 29-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bGH poly(A) signal sequence). The CMV promoter or a Myo15 promoter having a sequence that is 1 kb or shorter (e.g., a Myo15 promoter described hereinabove) can be used in place of the CAG promoter either of the foregoing dual vector systems. These nucleic acid vectors can also contain full-length 5′ and 3′ OTOF UTRs in the first and second nucleic acid vectors, respectively (e.g., the first nucleic acid vector can contain the 5′ human OTOF UTR (127 bp) in dual vector systems encoding human OTOF, or the 5′ mouse UTR (134 bp) in dual vector systems encoding mouse OTOF; and the second nucleic acid vector can contain the 3′ human OTOF UTR (1035 bp) in dual vector systems encoding human OTOF, or the 3′ mouse OTOF UTR (1001 bp) in dual vector systems encoding mouse OTOF).

An exemplary trans-splicing dual vector system that uses a long promoter includes a first nucleic acid vector containing a Myo15 promoter that is longer than 1 kb (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-19 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1) and a splice donor sequence 3′ of the polynucleotide sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor sequence 5′ of exons 20-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bGH poly(A) signal sequence). Alternatively, the trans-splicing dual vector system can include a first nucleic acid vector containing a Myo15 promoter that is longer than 1 kb (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-20 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6) and a splice donor sequence 3′ of the polynucleotide sequence; and a second nucleic acid vector containing a splice acceptor sequence 5′ of exons 21-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bGH poly(A) signal sequence). Neither the first nor the second nucleic acid vector in either of the foregoing Myo15 promoter trans-splicing dual vector systems contains an OTOF UTR. A short promoter (e.g., a CMV promoter, CAG promoter, or a Myo15 promoter having a sequence that is 1 kb or shorter) can also be used in the foregoing dual vector systems designed for large promoters. If these dual vector systems contain a short promoter, they may also include a 5′ OTOF UTR in the first vector.

To accommodate an OTOF UTR, the OTOF coding sequence can be divided in a different position. For example, in a trans-splicing dual vector system in which the first nucleic acid vector contains a Myo15 promoter that is longer than 1 kb (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-25 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1) and a splice donor sequence 3′ of the polynucleotide sequence; and the second nucleic acid vector contains a splice acceptor sequence 5′ of exons 26-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., human OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 1) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bGH poly(A) signal sequence), the second nucleic acid can also contain a full-length OTOF 3′ UTR (e.g., the 1035 bp human OTOF 3′ UTR). For mouse OTOF, the trans-splicing dual vector system can contain a 3′ UTR if the first nucleic acid vector contains a Myo15 promoter that is longer than 1 kb (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 36) operably linked to exons 1-24 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6) and a splice donor sequence 3′ of the polynucleotide sequence; and the second nucleic acid vector contains a splice acceptor sequence 5′ of exons 25-48 of a polynucleotide encoding an OTOF protein (e.g., mouse OTOF, e.g., SEQ ID NO: 6) and a poly(A) sequence (e.g., a bGH poly(A) signal sequence). In this dual vector system, the second nucleic acid can also contain a full-length OTOF 3′ UTR (e.g., the 1001 bp mouse OTOF 3′ UTR). A short promoter (e.g., a CMV promoter, CAG promoter, or a Myo15 promoter having a sequence that is 1 kb or shorter) can also be used in the foregoing dual vector systems designed for large promoters. If these dual vector systems contain a short promoter, they may also include a 5′ OTOF UTR in the first vector.

Dual Hybrid Vectors

A third approach for expressing large proteins in mammalian cells involves the use of dual hybrid vectors. This approach combines elements of the overlapping dual vector strategy and the trans-splicing strategy in that it features both an overlapping region at which homologous recombination can occur and splice donor and splice acceptor sequences. In dual hybrid vector systems, the overlapping region is a recombinogenic region that is contained in both the first and second nucleic acid vectors, rather than a portion of the polynucleotide sequence encoding the protein of interest—the polynucleotide encoding the N-terminal portion of the protein of interest and the polynucleotide encoding the C-terminal portion of the protein of interest do not overlap in this approach. The recombinogenic region is 3′ of the splice donor sequence in the first nucleic acid vector and 5′ of the splice acceptor sequence in the second nucleic acid sequence. The first and second nucleic acid sequences can then join to form a single sequence based on one of two mechanisms: 1) recombination at the overlapping region, or 2) concatemerization of the ITRs. The remaining recombinogenic region(s) and/or the concatemerized ITRs can be removed by splicing, leading to the formation of a contiguous polynucleotide sequence that encodes the full-length protein of interest.

Recombinogenic regions that can be used in the compositions and methods described herein include the F1 phage AK gene having a sequence of: GGGATTTTGCCGATTTCGGCCTATTGGTTAA AAAATGAGCTGATTTAACAAAAATTTAACGCGAATTTTAACAAAAT (SEQ ID NO: 19) and alkaline phosphatase (AP) gene fragments as described in U.S. Pat. No. 8,236,557, which are incorporated herein by reference. In some embodiments, the AP gene fragment has the sequence of:

(SEQ ID NO: 39)

CCCCGGGTGCGCGGCGTCGGTGGTGCCGGCGGGGGGCGCCAGGTCGCAG

GCGGTGTAGGGCTCCAGGCAGGCGGCGAAGGCCATGACGTGCGCTATGA

AGGTCTGCTCCTGCACGCCGTGAACCAGGTGCGCCTGCGGGCCGCGCGC

GAACACCGCCACGTCCTCGCCTGCGTGGGTCTCTTCGTCCAGGGGCACT

GCTGACTGCTGCCGATACTCGGGGCTCCCGCTCTCGCTCTCGGTAACAT

CCGGCCGGGCGCCGTCCTTGAGCACATAGCCTGGACCGTTTCCGTATAG

GAGGACCGTGTAGGCCTTCCTGTCCCGGGCCTTGCCAGCGGCCAGCCCG

ATGAAGGAGCTCCCTCGCAGGGGGTAGCCTCCGAAGGAGAAGACGTGGG

AGTGGTCGGCAGTGACGAGGCTCAGCGTGTCCTCCTCGCTGGTGAGCTG

GCCCGCCCTCTCAATGGCGTCGTCGAACATGATCGTCTCAGTCAGTGCC

CGGTAAGCCCTGCTTTCATGATGACCATGGTCGATGCGACCACCCTCCA

CGAAGAGGAAGAAGCCGCGGGGGTGTCTGCTCAGCAGGCGCAGGGCAGC

CTCTGTCATCTCCATCAGGGAGGGGTCCAGTGTGGAGTCTCGGTGGATC

TCGTATTTCATGTCTCCAGGCTCAAAGAGACCCATGAGATGGGTCACAG

ACGGGTCCAGGGAAGCCTGCATGAGCTCAGTGCGGTTCCACACGTACCG

GGCACCCTGGCGTTCGCCGAGCCATTCCTGCACCAGATTCTTCCCGTCC

AGCCTGGTCCCACCTTGGCTGTAGTCATCTGGGTACTCAGGGTCTGGGG

TTCCCATGCGAAACATGTACTTTCGGCCTCCA.