The present invention relates to an imprint apparatus, an imprint method, and a method for manufacturing an article capable of improving alignment accuracy.
In the manufacturing process of semiconductors, alignment is performed between patterns drawn on each of a mold and a substrate in an exposure apparatus. However, despite performing the alignment, a deviation amount between the patterns occurs. To compensate for this misalignment amount, there is a common method of detecting the deviation amount by an external overlay measurement device and applying the measured amount to the exposure apparatus as an overlay correction value.
Japanese Patent Laid Open No. H10-199784 describes a method of properly performing alignment of a mold and a substrate by determining a next overlay correction value based on overlay correction values obtained from a plurality of types of processes and past trends of measurement values of an external overlay measurement device.
However, in an imprint apparatus, die-by-die alignment, in which alignment of a mold and a substrate is performed in each shot region, is generally employed as a method of overlay. Typically, alignment of the mold and the substrate is performed based on the misalignment amount between the mold and the substrate, which is measured by a plurality of measurement units in the apparatus.
A measurement unit in an apparatus has a measurement error due to a mechanical factor or the like, and the amount and the way of change of the measurement error thereof are not constant, and may vary from one measurement unit to another. Furthermore, as a result of the measurement errors of all the measurement units being combined, it is possible to detect the measurement errors with an external overlay measurement device. However, it is difficult to quantify the measurement error of each individual measurement unit. If an appropriate correction value can be set for each measurement unit based on the tendency of measurement errors of the quantified measurement units, correction of a valid overlay correction error becomes possible.
One aspect of the present invention is an imprint apparatus configured to form a pattern on a substrate by using a mold and an imprint material, the imprint apparatus comprising at least one processor or circuit configured to function as:
Further features of the present invention will become apparent from the following description of embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Hereinafter, with reference to the accompanying drawings, favorable modes of the present invention will be described using embodiments. In each diagram, the same reference signs are applied to the same members or elements, and duplicate description will be omitted or simplified.
The imprint apparatus 1 includes a mold holding unit 12 that holds a mold 11, a substrate holding unit 14 that holds a substrate 13, measurement units 15, a shape correction unit 16, and a control unit 17. The imprint apparatus 1 also includes a resin supply unit that includes a dispenser configured to supply the resin onto the substrate, a bridge plate configured to hold the mold holding unit 12, and a base plate configured to hold the substrate holding unit 14.
The mold 11 has a rectangular exterior shape, and includes a pattern surface 11a on which a pattern (concave-convex pattern) to be transferred to the (resin on) the substrate 13 is formed. The mold 11 is configured by a material that ultraviolet light for curing the resin on the substrate can penetrate, such as quartz, for example. In addition, mold-side internal measurement marks 18a are formed on the pattern surface 11a of the mold 11.
The mold holding unit 12 is a holding mechanism that holds the mold 11. The mold holding unit 12 includes, for example, a mold chuck that vacuum-adsorbs or electrostatically adsorbs the mold 11, a mold stage on which the mold chuck is placed, and a driving system that moves the mold stage.
Such a driving system drives the mold stage (that is, the mold 11) in at least a Z-axis direction (the pressing direction when the mold 11 is pressed on the resin on the substrate). In addition, such a driving system may be provided with a function of driving the mold stage not only in the Z-axis direction, but also in an X-axis direction, a Y-axis direction, and a θ direction (rotation around the Z-axis).
The substrate 13 is a substrate onto which the pattern of the mold 11 is transferred and includes, for example, a single-crystal silicon substrate or Silicon on Insulator (SOI) substrate. The resin is supplied (applied) onto the substrate 13 from the resin supply unit. Furthermore, substrate-side internal measurement marks 18b are formed in each of a plurality of shot regions of the substrate 13.
Thus, a plurality of internal measurement marks 18a and 18b are respectively formed on the mold and substrate in the imprinting device for use in alignment by measuring a misalignment of the mold and substrate during imprinting. It should be noted that a plurality of external measurement marks 19a and 19b are respectively formed near the plurality of internal measurement marks 18a and 18b of the mold and the substrate.
It should be noted that the external measurement marks 19a and 19b are marks for detecting the misalignment amount between the pattern of the substrate after imprinting and the mold by an external overlay measurement device (hereinafter, an “external measurement device”.). Further note that an imprint system is configured by the imprint apparatus 1 and an external measurement device, which is different from the imprint apparatus and performs an overlay measurement operation by using the external measurement marks on the substrate.
The substrate holding unit 14 includes, for example, a substrate chuck that vacuum-adsorbs or electrostatically adsorbs the substrate 13, and a driving system. Such a driving system drives the substrate stage (that is, the substrate 13) at least in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction (directions orthogonal to the pressing direction of the mold 11). In addition, such a driving system may be provided with a function of driving the substrate stage not only in the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction, but also in the Z-axis direction and the θ (rotation around the Z-axis) direction.
A measurement unit 15 includes a scope that optically detects (observes) the mold-side internal measurement marks 18a provided on the mold 11, and the substrate-side internal measurement marks 18b provided on each of the plurality of shot regions of the substrate 13.
A measurement unit 15 measures the relative positions (misalignment) of the mold 11 and the substrate 13 based on the detection result of the scope. The present embodiment includes a plurality of measurement units 15 that measure the amount of misalignment between the mold and the substrate by detecting a plurality of internal measurement marks 18 that are disposed on the mold and the substrate 13.
It should be noted that a measurement unit 15 may include, for example, a scope that detects a signal reflecting a relative positional relationship such as an interference signal of two marks or moiré in order to detect the relative positional relationship between the mold-side internal measurement marks 18a and the substrate side internal measurement marks 18b.
The shape correction unit 16 corrects a difference in shape between the pattern of the mold 11 and the shot region of the substrate 13 for each shot region of the substrate 13. In the present embodiment, the shape correction unit 16 corrects the shape of the pattern surface 11a by deforming the mold 11 (the pattern surface 11a) by applying a force to the mold 11 in a direction parallel to the pattern surface 11a. The shape correction unit 16 may deform the pattern surface 11a by controlling the temperature of the mold 11 by applying heat to the mold 11.
In addition, instead of deforming the pattern surface 11a of the mold 11, thermal expansion of the substrate 13 may be performed locally by irradiating a predetermined position on the substrate 13 with light having a fixed intensity, and correcting the shape of the shot region (a pattern formed on the substrate 13). In this case, the imprint apparatus 1 is provided with a heat supply unit for supplying heat to the mold 11 or the substrate 13 as a shape correction unit.
The control unit 17 includes a CPU, a memory, and the like, and controls the entire imprint apparatus 1 (each unit of the imprint apparatus 1) by executing a computer program stored in the memory by the CPU acting as a computer. In the present embodiment, the control unit 17 controls an imprint process and processing related to the imprint process.
For example, when performing the imprint process, the control unit 17 performs alignment of the mold 11 and the substrate 13 based on the measurement results that were measured in a measurement unit 15 (misalignment).
In addition, when performing the imprint process, the control unit 17 calculates and controls the deformation amount of the pattern surface 11a of the mold 11 by the shape correction unit 16, and the heat supplied to the mold 11 or the substrate 13.
From time t1, an alignment of the mold 11 and substrate 13 begins, and at time t2, an apparent measurement value M of a measurement unit 15 always converges to near zero, but there is a possibility that the actual tracking position may be misaligned due to mechanical errors and the like. This is made the true measurement error E of the measurement unit. It should be noted that at time t2, because the resin that has been applied between the mold and the substrate is cured by ultraviolet irradiation, the true measurement error E remains as an alignment error in the pattern after the transfer.
The imprint apparatus 1 cannot know the true measurement error E. In addition, the true measurement error E may not be fixed and can change at any time. Although the quantification of the true measurement error E is difficult, in the present embodiment, a measurement error E1 as a value close to the true measurement error is quantified by the method described below. Thereby, by determining the correction value of a measurement unit by taking into account the change tendency of the correction value, the constantly changing true measurement error E of the measurement unit can be effectively corrected.
Here, the internal measurement marks 18a of the mold side and the internal measurement marks 18b of the substrate side are collectively referred to as the internal measurement marks 18. Similarly, external measurement marks 19a and 19b that are disposed on each of the mold and the substrate are collectively referred to as the external measurement marks 19. Because a measurement value 18d of a measurement unit (the misalignment amount of
A measurement value 19d of an external measurement device is a value obtained by measuring the overlay amount of the mold 11 and the substrate 13 by an external measurement device after the imprint process. In the present embodiment, as shown in
The internal measurement marks 18 and the external measurement marks 19 are preferably close to each other, and the closer the distance, the smaller the difference between the true measurement error E and the measurement error E1 of a measurement unit. Accordingly, in the present embodiment, the measurement error of each of the plurality of measurement units is acquired by using the external measurement marks that are closest to the internal measurement marks.
Although the distance between the internal measurement marks 18 and the external measurement marks 19 is preferably shorter, as the distance between both marks becomes shorter, it is possible to reduce the effect of distortion of the mold caused by variations in the imprinting operation when calculating the measurement error E1 of a measurement unit. The distance between both marks is preferably disposed in the extreme vicinity of a few hundred μm.
It should be noted that the variation of the imprinting operation refers to factors such as the pressing pressure and tilt of the mold 11 when it is pressed against the substrate 13, and it is known that the shape of the mold is distorted by these changes. Mechanical errors may result in a fixed amount of variation of the imprinting operation, and the resulting distortion of the mold.
In addition, because the overlay correction value that is input to the imprint apparatus 1 is not fixed, the measurement error E1 of a measurement unit changes according to the overlay correction value. Here, the overlay correction value is a translation, a magnification, or a rotation component or the like that is applied to the driving of the shape correction unit 16 and the substrate holding unit 14 based on the measurement value 19d of an external measurement device.
In the example of
As a result, as shown on the left side of
Thereby, in the present embodiment, the change in the measurement error due to the magnification correction amount S1 is obtained by multiplying the magnification correction amount S by the distance between the internal measurement marks 18 and the external measurement marks 19 in the shot region and the magnification correction amount S. Then, normalization is performed by removing the change amount S1 from the measurement error E1 in a state in which the magnification correction amount S has been applied.
That is, in the present embodiment, a measurement error is calculated for each of the plurality of measurement units based on the distance between the internal measurement marks and the external measurement marks, and the deformation amount of the mold by the shape correction unit.
Because the measurement error E1 after normalization becomes the same as in a state in which there is no magnification correction amount S, the measurement error E1 can always be evaluated on the same scale. It should be noted that, here, although magnification has been given by way of example, normalization is also performed similarly on a rotation component, a rhombus component, a trapezoidal component, and the like.
Further, in the present embodiment, by accumulating the normalized measurement error E1 of a measurement unit for a certain period of time and determining the correction value of a measurement unit 15 based on the tendency thereof, the measurement error E1 of the measurement unit, and thus the true measurement error E, is effectively corrected. That is, in the present embodiment, the alignment by the alignment unit is corrected based on a result of accumulating the measurement error for each measurement unit for a predetermined period of time (for example, a tendency of past changes).
In contrast,
In a case in which the tendency is drift, a value that has a high probability of being generated in a measurement unit 15 at the next imprint is considered to be a predicted value calculated from, for example, the most recent value of the accumulated past data or a curve of a past drift.
Thus, the correction value of a measurement unit 15 can be effectively determined by changing the prediction method of the measurement error that is generated in the measurement unit at the next imprint time according to the past tendency of the measurement error E1 of a normalized measurement unit.
It should be noted that, the manner in which past tendency is captured is not limited to variations and drift. A method of statistically predicting a value that has the highest probability of occurring as a measurement error in a measurement unit 15 at the time of a next imprint based on the accumulated data of past measurement errors E1 may be used.
Typically, the imprint apparatus 1 has a plurality of measurement units 15. Therefore, it is possible to achieve effective overlay error reduction for the entire apparatus by determining the appropriate correction value for each measurement unit based on the past tendency of the measurement error E1 in each measurement unit. In this case, as shown in
In addition, in a case in which the imprint apparatus 1 has a plurality of measurement units, it is possible to predict a measurement error E1 of a measurement unit and to determine the correction value of a measurement unit by comprehensively referring to the tendency of the measurement error E1 of the plurality of measurement units.
For example, as shown in
It is known that a measurement error E1 of a measurement unit varies depending on the position of the shot region on the substrate, and the position in the imprint view angle. As a cause of this, differences in the depth or distribution of patterns already formed on the substrate 13 depending on their position within the substrate 13 can be cited.
Thus, it is possible to increase the degree of freedom of correction by having a correction value for as many combinations of measurement units 15, and the shot position to be imprinted and the position of the internal measurement marks 18 at the imprint view angle.
In step S01, the imprint apparatus 1 presses the mold 11 onto the substrate 13 via a resin, and performs the imprint process. At this time, a measurement unit 15 measures the misalignment amount between the internal measurement marks 18a on the mold side and the internal measurement marks 18b on the substrate side, and the shape correction unit 16 performs alignment (overlay) while correcting a magnification of the mold.
At this time, step S01 functions as a measurement step for measuring the misalignment amount between the mold and the substrate by using a plurality of measurement units 15 to detect internal measurement marks disposed on the mold and the substrate.
Further, step S01 also functions as a shape correction step or an alignment step in which the mold and substrate are aligned by causing the mold to deform based on the misalignment amount measured by the plurality of measurement units.
Further, at this time, the control unit 17 functions as an alignment unit. Here, an alignment unit includes a shape correction unit. It should be noted that alignment includes not only magnification correction, but also alignment by movement of the substrate. Next, in step S02, the control unit 17 acquires the measurement value 18d (the misalignment amount) of a measurement unit at the time of completion of the overlay and stores the measurement value 18d in the memory of the control unit 17.
At step S03, the CPU of an external measurement device performs an overlay measurement operation by using the external measurement marks on the substrate that has undergone imprint processing, and acquires a measurement value 19d of the external measurement device. At step S04, the measurement value 19d of the external measurement device is input to the imprint apparatus 1 and stored by the memory in the control unit 17.
At step S05, the control unit 17 calculates the measurement error E1 of a measurement unit by taking the difference between the measurement value 18d of the measurement unit that has been stored in the memory and the measurement value 19d of the external measurement device.
At step S06, the control unit 17 obtains a change amount S1 of the measurement error by multiplying an overlay correction value, such as the magnification correction value that was applied during the imprint process of step S01, by the distance between the internal measurement marks 18 and the external measurement marks 19. That is, as explained in
Furthermore, at step S07, the control unit 17 adds the data of the normalized measurement error E1 to the accumulated data. Then, at step S08, the control unit 17 predicts for each measurement unit, a measurement error generated at the next imprint in accordance with the past tendency of the measurement error E1 accumulated for a predetermined period of time, calculates a correction value for each measurement unit, and applies the correction value to each of the measurement units 15.
Here, step S03 to step S07 function as a correction step. In the correction step, a measurement error of each of the plurality of measuring units is acquired based on the deviation amount of external measurement marks provided on the mold and substrate and the deformation amount of the mold due to the shape correction step, and the alignment by the alignment step is corrected based on the measurement errors for each of the plurality of measurement units.
Furthermore, at this time, the control unit 17 functions as a correction unit. If there is a next imprint, the process is returned to step S01; otherwise, the flow of
Through the above-described method, by quantifying and normalizing the measurement error E1 as a value close to the true measurement error E, it is possible to always capture the change tendency of the measurement error E1 on the same scale. Further, by determining the correction value of a measurement unit according to the past change tendency of the measurement error E1, it is possible to perform effective and accurate correction of the overlay correction error between the mold and the substrate.
It should be noted that, as shown in
Here, an external factor is, for example, an atmospheric pressure change, and in a case in which the correlation with atmospheric pressure is clear, it is possible to correct the change in the measurement error E1 of a measurement unit according to a forecast of the atmospheric pressure or the output of an atmospheric pressure meter. That is, it is possible to correct the measurement error E of the measurement unit in accordance with atmospheric pressure, and the alignment by the alignment unit may be corrected in accordance with an atmospheric pressure change.
Next, a method of manufacturing an article (a semiconductor IC element, a liquid crystal display element, MEMS, or the like) using the above-described mold will be explained. An article is manufactured by executing a processing process of processing the substrate (a step of manufacturing an article from the imprinted substrate) after a process of imprinting the substrate on which the imprint material is applied by using the above-described mold and a process of releasing the mold from the imprint material.
The post-processing process includes etching, resist peeling, dicing, bonding, packaging, and the like. According to the article manufacturing method using the present invention, since performing alignment of the mold and shot region with high precision is possible, the yield is improved and it is possible to manufacture an article of higher quality.
While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed exemplary embodiments. The scope of the following claims is to be accorded the broadest interpretation to encompass all such modifications and equivalent structures and functions.
In addition, as a part or the whole of the control according to the embodiments, a computer program realizing the function of the embodiments described above may be supplied to the imprint apparatus through a network or various storage media. Then, a computer (or a CPU, an MPU, or the like) of the imprint apparatus may be configured to read and execute the program. In such a case, the program and the storage medium storing the program configure the present invention.
This application claims the benefit of Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-113699, filed on Jul. 15, 2022, which is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2022-113699 | Jul 2022 | JP | national |