1. Field of the Disclosure
The disclosure relates to a Faraday Cage surrounding semiconductor microchips, photovoltaic cells, and/or other micro and/or nano devices combined with the applicant's prior internal sipe inventions, including at least one compartment surrounded by at least one internal sipe, such as a slit. More specifically, a Faraday Cage coincides with an outer compartment, which forms one surface of a sipe surrounding an inner compartment including a personal computer microchip and/or a photovoltaic cell and/or a fuel cell and/or a battery.
The disclosure also relates to a semiconductor wafer, such as silicon, containing a multitude of microchips, such as with one or more core microprocessors. Instead of separating the microchips into separate dies in the conventional process, the entire semiconductor wafer is used essentially intact as a computer. More specifically, interconnects can be added to the printed circuit architecture of the wafer to connect the wafer microchips to other wafer microchips and/or other components on the wafer or external to it. Still more specifically, each microchip can be a complete system on a chip (SoC). Even more specifically, the semiconductor wafer can be used with other conventional interface devices for power and data, including wireless such as radio and/or optic, and/or wired such as fiber optic and/or electric, including for each SoC microchip on the wafer. In another specific embodiment, two or more semiconductor wafers can be stacked in vertical layers; for example, with a first wafer including microprocessors or cores; a second wafer including random access memory or RAM; and a third wafer including other components; each SoC microchip, in this example, can have one or more components on each of the three wafers.
The disclosure also relates to the semiconductor wafer including one or more of the applicant's prior internal sipe inventions, with an outer compartment having an internal sipe.
The disclosure also relates to the semiconductor wafer being surrounded by one or more Faraday Cages integrated into the internal sipe invention.
2. Brief Description of the Prior Art
Faraday Cage surrounding semiconductor microchips, photovoltaic cells, and/or other micro and/or nano devices, are described by the applicant in his U.S. application Ser. No. 10/802,049 filed Mar. 17, 2004, and published as Pub. No. US 2004/0215931 A1 on Oct. 28, 2004.
The applicant's prior internal footwear sipe inventions, including at least one compartment surrounded by at least one internal sipe, such as a slit, are described by the applicant in his U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/802,930, filed May 25, 2007 and published as Pub. No. US 2008/0086916 A1 on Apr. 17, 2008, as well as in several earlier U.S. applications filed by the applicant.
Existing semiconductor wafers, currently up to 300 mm in diameter, are always cut into a large number of separate dies, with one microchip formed into a package from each flaw-free die cut from the semiconductor wafer; some dies are inherently defective and are discarded. A typical semiconductor wafer is shown in the applicant's U.S. application Ser. No. 10/684,657 filed Oct. 15, 2003.
As described in Wikipedia, “wafer scale integration” (WSI) is a yet-unused system of building very-large integrated circuit networks that use an entire silicon wafer to produce a single “super-chip.” Through a combination of large size and reduced packaging, WSI could lead to dramatically reduced costs for some systems, notably massively parallel supercomputers.
Many companies including TI and ITT attempted to develop “wafer scale integration” (WSI) production systems in the 1970's and '80's, but all failed and no products were released. Further attempts at WSI appear to be largely abandoned for decades.
One critical problem that has not been overcome is that of inherent flaws in semiconductor wafers. It has been an ongoing goal to develop methods to handle faulty areas of the wafers through logic, as opposed to sawing them out of the wafer. Generally, this approach uses a grid pattern of sub-circuits and “rewires” around the damaged areas using appropriate logic.
The overwhelming difficulty of this approach is illustrated by the history of famous computer pioneer Gene Amdahl, who attempted to develop WSI as a method of making a supercomputer, starting Trilogy Systems in 1980 and garnering investments from Groupe Bull, Sperry Rand, and Digital Equipment Corporation, who (along with others) provided as estimated $230 million in financing. The design called for a 2.5″ square chip with 1200 pins on the bottom. After burning through about one third of the capital with nothing to show for it, Amdahl eventually declared the idea would only work with a 99.99% yield, which would not happen for 100 years. There were several subsequent efforts in the 1980's, but none successful.
Another well-known problem is the field of wafer-scale integration technology is the impact of thermal expansion on external connectivity. More specifically, when a WSI microelectronic complex is connected to a circuit board by thousands of, for example, connectors positioned between the microelectronic complex and the circuit board, these connectors can be damaged due to the different rates of thermal expansion experience by the surfaces of the microelectronic comples and circuit board.
Taking for example a finished silicon wafer, packaged in a material such as ceramic, the wafer typically expands at a rate of 3 ppm/C. In contrast, the material of the circuit board typically expands at a rate of 20-40 ppm/C. Thus, as the two materials heat up, the two surfaces will expand at different rates, potentially damaging many of the connectors distributed between the wafer and the circuit board. See Norman, et al., U.S. Pat. No. 7,279,787.
The present disclosure solves these longstanding problems with existing technology.
In the applicant's disclosure regarding Faraday Cages and siped compartments, two entirely different technologies (siped cushioning compartments and Faraday Cages) from two entirely different and unrelated fields of technology (“macro” athletic footwear and microelectronics), each with their own completely different art, have been integrated into a surprising new combination wherein the integrated structural components have simultaneous dual functions that are completely separate and unrelated.
Moreover, the integrated use of a sipe media both as a lubricant between the siped compartments and as a cooling media for a microchip (or other electronic component) to deal with the critical microprocessor heat dissipation problem is an additional surprising combination of two entirely separate technical functions that are completely different into a single new structural and material component with dual functions, again from entirely different and unrelated fields of art.
The applicant's semiconductor wafer computer disclosure solves the two longstanding problems that have heretofore made all such wafer-scale integration efforts fail.
First, the applicant's disclosure solves the longstanding inherent flaw intolerance problem discussed above by using microchips on the wafer that are personal computer systems on the chip (SoC), so that each wafer microchip can operate independently, including communicating with other wafer microchips, such as wirelessly in free space and/or waveguides by radio or optical device. In the applicant's approach, the wafer microchips that inherently are flawed during manufacture or fail in operation require no elaborate special handling like that described above. Generally, if they fail fatally, the remaining wafer microchips inherently ignore them since they do not communicate with other microchips; also, partial failure can be detected remotely and the microchip can be turned off, if necessary.
Second, the applicant's disclosure solves the longstanding unequal thermal expansion problem discussed above by reducing, even almost eliminating the need for pins, since both on wafer and off wafer communication by the independently functioning microchips (personal computer SoC's) on the wafer can be accomplished by radio or optics connections that do not require pins or require far fewer structural connections. In addition, the applicant's use of stacked semiconductor wafers, which can have very similar or identical materials and expansion rates, can obviate the need for conventional motherboards or reduce their role.
Moreover, since the personal computer microchips on the semiconductor wafer can operate independently, such as in conventional clusters of several or many or all of the personal computers on the wafer (or including personal computers off the wafer as well), the operations occurring on the wafer can be asynchronous. The applicant's disclosure thereby also solves the longstanding problem of synchronizing such wafer scale operations by obviating the need for synchronizing them, as would be necessary without the applicant's disclosure.
These and other features of the disclosure will become apparent from the detailed description that follows.
It is understood that the reference numbers identified in this application and in U.S. Patent Applications '665, '033, and '930 incorporated by reference herein, are used consistently throughout the application such that like reference numbers are used to describe the same or like elements.
New reference numerals used in the FIGS. 1-79 are further defined as follows:
The device or flexible insert with siped compartments or chambers 510 include embodiments like two or more of either compartments 161 or chambers 188 or bladders (or a any mix including two or more of a compartment, a chamber, and a bladder) that are separated at least in part or in several parts or mostly or fully by an internal sipe 505. The flexible insert 510 can be inserted during assembly of an article by a maker or manufacturer or is insertable by a user or wearer (into an article like a shoe, for example, as part of a removable midsole insert 145 described above), or integrated into the construction of a device as one or more components.
Siped compartments or chambers 510 include example embodiments such as
One practical example embodiment of the invention is any prior commercial embodiment of Nike Air™ gas bladder or compartment (like typical examples in FIGS. 12-16 of U.S. Pat. No. 6,846,534, which is hereby incorporated by reference) that is installed unattached, as is, located within the space enclosed partially or fully by a new, slightly larger outer compartment of one additional layer of the same or similar material, with the same or a simpler or the simplest geometric shape; that is, not necessarily following indentations or reverse curves, but rather incorporating straighter or the straightest lines, as seen in cross-section: for example, following the outermost side curvature seen in
The new additional, outer compartment thus thereby has created by its presence an internal sipe 505 between the two unconnected compartments. The new internal sipe 505 provides much greater flexibility to any footwear sole 22 or 28, since it allows an inner, otherwise relatively rigid Nike Air™ compartment structure to become an inner compartment 501 (instead of typically being fixed into the other materials such as EVA of the footwear sole) to move freely inside the new outer compartment 500, which becomes a new compartment that is fixed to the footwear sole, rather that the conventional Nike Air™ bladder. The flexibility improvement allows the shoe sole to deform under a body weight load like a wearer's bare foot sole, so that stability is improved also, especially lateral stability.
The result is that the conventional, inner Nike Air™ compartment—now contained by a new outer compartment—can move easily within the overall footwear sole, allowing the sole to bend or flex more easily in parallel with the wearer's bare foot sole to deform to flatten under a body weight load, including during locomotion or standing, so that footwear sole stability is improved also, especially lateral stability. The extent to which the inner Nike Air™ compartment is “free-floating” within the new outer compartment can be controlled or tuned, for example, by one or more attachments (permanent or adjustable) to the outer compartment or by the media in the internal sipe.
The internal sipe 505 includes at least two surfaces that can move relative to each other to provide a flexibility increase for a footwear sole so that the shape of the footwear sole can deform under a body weight load to better parallel to the shape of the barefoot sole of a wearer under a same body weight load. The relative motion between the two internal sipe 505 surfaces increases the capability of the footwear sole to bend during locomotion under a wearer's body weight load to better parallel the shape of said wearer's bare foot sole.
Also, the sliding motion between internal support surfaces within the shoe sole 28 allowed by internal sipe 505 in response to torsional or shear forces between a wearer's foot and the ground assists in controlling and absorbing the impact of those forces, whether sudden and excessive or chronically repetitive, thereby helping to protect the wearer's joints from acute or chronic injury, especially to the ankles, knees, hips, lower back, and spine.
A benefit of the siped compartments/chambers 510 is that, as a single unitary component, it can be used in any conventional manner in constructing the footwear sole 28, generally like that used with a conventional single layer compartment such as used in Nike Air™; i.e. the outer surface of 510 can, as a useful embodiment, adhere to the adjacent materials like plastic such as PU (polyurethane) or EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate) or other plastic or rubber of the footwear sole that contact the 510 component, just as would be the case with the outer surface of existing single compartment 161 or chamber 188 of commercial examples of Nike Air™. However, the internal sipe 505 formed by the use of an inner compartment/chamber 501 in the siped compartment/chamber 510 provides flexibility in a footwear sole 28 that is absent in the relatively rigid footwear sole 28 formed with a conventional, single layer compartment 161 or chamber 188 of the many Nike Air™ commercial examples.
The sipe surfaces can in one useful example embodiment be formed by the inner surface (or part or parts of it) of the outer compartment 500 and the outer surface (or part or parts of it) of the inner compartment 501. Such sipe surfaces can be substantially parallel and directly contact each other in one useful embodiment example, but the two surfaces are generally not attached to each other, so that the sipe surfaces can move relative to each other to facilitate a sliding motion between the two surfaces.
The sipe surfaces can be in other useful forms that allow portions of the surfaces to be proximate to each other in an unloaded condition, rather than contacting; such surfaces can make partial or full direct contact under a wearer's body weight load (which can vary from a fraction of a “g” to multiple “g” forces during locomotion) or remain somewhat separated; the amount of sipe surface area making direct contact can also vary with a wearer's body weight load. The sipes surfaces also may not be parallel or only partially parallel, such as the areas of direct surface contact or proximal surface contact.
To preclude the surfaces of the internal sipe 505 from directly contacting each other (whether loaded or unloaded), the sipe surfaces can include an internal sipe media 506 located between the surfaces to reduce friction by lubrication and increase relative motion and therefore flexibility. Useful example embodiments of the internal sipe media 506 include any useful material known in the art (or equivalent), such as a liquid like silicone as one example, a dry material like Teflon™ as another example, or a gas like that used in Nike Air™ as a further example. The media 506 can be located in all of the sipe 505 or only part or parts, as shown in
The media 506 can be used to decrease (or increase) sliding resistance between the inner surfaces of the sipe; for example, to lubricate with any suitable material known in the art. The internal sipe media 506 is an optional feature.
The attachments 503 can be simply passive (i.e. static) or actively controlled by electronic, mechanical, electromagnetic, or other useful means. The attachments 503 can, for example, be designed to break away as a failsafe feature to compensate for a predetermined extreme torsional load, for example, to reduce extreme stress on critical joints (in lieu of a wearer's cartilage, tendons, muscle, bone, or other body parts being damaged); the attachments 503 can then be reset or replaced (or, alternatively, return automatically upon relief of extreme stress to a normal position).
Example embodiments of the compartments and chambers 500/501 can include a media 504 such as a gas (like that used in Nike Air™ or ambient atmospheric air), a liquid or fluid, a gel, a foam (made of a plastic like PU or EVA, both of which are common in the footwear art, or equivalent, or of a rubber (natural or synthetic) or blown rubber or a rubber compound or equivalent or of another useful material or of a combination of two or more of the preceding foam plastic/rubber/etc.) or a useful combination of one or more gas, liquid, gel, foam, or other useful material.
As shown in
For example, as shown in
Other typical PC hardware components such as hard drive 61, floppy diskette drive 62, compact disk-read only memory (CD-ROM) 63, digital video disk (DVD) 64, Flash memory 65, random access memory (RAM) 66, video or other display 67, graphics card 68, and sound card 69, as well as digital signal processor or processors, together with the software and/or firmware stored on or for them, can be located on either side of internal firewall 50, but such devices as the display 67, graphics card 68 and sound card 69 and those devices that both read and write and have non-volatile memory (retain data without power and generally have to be written over to erase), such as hard drive 61, Flash memory 65, floppy diskette drive 62, read/write CD-ROM 63 or DVD 64 may be located on the PC user side of the internal firewall 50, where the master microprocessor is also located, as shown in
Alternately, any of these devices that are duplicative (or for other exceptional needs) like a second hard drive 61′, can be located on the network side of the internal firewall 50. RAM 66 or equivalent or successor memory, which typically is volatile (data is lost when power is interrupted), should generally be located on the network side of the internal firewall 50, but some can be located with the master microprocessor to facilitate its independent use.
However, read-only memory (ROM) devices including most current CD drives (CD-ROM's) 63′ or DVD's (DVD-ROM) drives 64′ can be safely located on the network side of the internal firewall 50, since the data on those drives cannot be altered by network users; preemptive control of use may remain with the PC user.
However, at least a portion of RAM can be kept on the Master 30 microprocessor side of the internal firewall 50, so that the PC user can retain the ability to use a core of user PC 1 processing capability entirely separate from any network processing. If this capability is not desired, then the master 30 microprocessor can be moved to the network side of the internal firewall 50 and replaced with a simpler controller on the PC 1 user side, like the master remote controller 31 discussed below and shown in
The master microprocessor 30 may also control the use of several or all other processors 60 owned or leased by the PC user, such as home entertainment digital signal processors 70, especially if the design standards of such microprocessors in the future conform to the requirements of network parallel processing as described above. In this general approach, the PC master processor uses the slave microprocessors or, if idle (or working on low priority, deferrable processing), makes them available to the network provider or others to use. Wireless connections 100, including optical wireless, are expected to be extensively used in home or business network systems, including use of a master remote controller 31 without (or with) microprocessing capability, with broad bandwidth connections such as fiber optic cable connecting directly to at least one component such as a PC 1, shown in a slave configuration, of the home or business personal network system; that connection links the home system to the network 2 such as the Internet 3, as shown in
A PC 1 user can remotely access his networked PC 1 by using another networked master microprocessor 30 on another PC 1 and using a password or other access control means for entry to his own PC 1 master microprocessor 30 and files, as is common now in Internet and other access. Alternately, a remote user can simply carry his own digitally stored files and his own master microprocessor or use another networked master microprocessor temporarily has his own.
In the simplest configuration, as shown in
As shown in
Existing PC components with mechanical components like hard drive 61, floppy or other removable diskette 62, CD-ROM 63, and DVD 64, which are mass storage devices with mechanical features that will likely not become an integral part of a PC “system of a chip” may still be capable of connection to a single PC microchip 90 and control by a single PC master unit 93.
In the simplest multi-processor case, as shown in
As noted above, any computer may be both a user and provider, alternatively—a dual mode operating capability. Consequently, any PC 1 within the network 2, connected to the Internet 3 and successors like the Grid (or MetaInternet), can be temporarily a master PC 30 at one time initiating a parallel or multitasking processing request to the network 2 for execution by at least one slave PC 40, as shown in
As shown in
In summary, as noted above relative to
Similarly,
All
Also, except for
As noted initially in
Finally,
The
Any of the embodiments shown in
The parallel processing network architecture shown in the preceding
Also, non-configurable hardware denying access from the network is the most immune to hacking from any outside source, including the Internet, and can therefore be used either for general protection or to protect an innermost kernel of the most confidential of personal files (such as passwords or financial data) and the most critical of operating system components, such as the system bios or access to file alternation.
At the same time, the
Any of the embodiments shown in
The additional communications linkages 141, 142, 143, and 144, as well as the original linkages 111, 112, 113, and 114 of
A major benefit of the embodiment shown in
Like FIG. 20B of the '049 application, the embodiment of
Another advantage of the embodiments shown in
Any of the embodiments shown in
Binary tree configurations of microprocessors shown in
It should be noted that the optical interconnect 99′ shown in
As shown in
Any of the embodiments shown in
Similarly, operating system files can also be authenticated and brought from the network side of the PC1 or microchip 90 into compartment O1 for decryption and security evaluation or other use, and then finally transferred into the most secure compartment O2. Again, similarly, a row of compartments can be used for separating hardware, such as a master microprocessor 30 or 93 being located in compartment M1 and a remote controller 31, for example, located in compartment M2.
Also, additional inner firewalls 5022, 5033, and 5044 can be located outside the primary firewall 50, but within the network portion of the PC1 or microchip 90, to separate user files in compartment U from operating system files in compartment O from hardware such a slave microprocessor in compartment S on the network side. In the example shown, an additional row is shown for hardware, including a hard drive in a compartment HD on the network side, a hard drive in compartment HD1 on the PC1 or microchip 90 user's side, and flash memory (such as system bios 88) in compartment F2. Each microprocessor 30, 40, 93, or 94 can have its own compartment in a manner like that shown in
Using this structure, as shown in
A secondary operating system O2 can be software located advantageously on flash or other microchip non-volatile memory such as magnetic (or less advantageously, a hard drive or other mechanical storage media) and can consist of additional features that are more optional, such as those not always used in every session, or features that require updating, changing, or improving, such features coming from trusted sources located on a network, such as the Internet or the Web; additional portions of or upgrades to the system BIOS and the operating system kernel can be located in O2, for example.
A third level operating system O3 located, for example, on a hard drive, can consist of additional software features that are used only occasionally and are more optional, and can be loaded as needed by a user into DRAM or magnetic memory microchip for execution, for example. Operating systems O2 and O3 can include, for example, the most recent upgrades from a known and trusted source, such as a commercial software vendor or open source software developer, that are downloaded from a network, including the Internet and the Web, or loaded from conventional memory media like CD or floppy diskette. All three levels of such operating systems O1, O2, and O3 together can constitute, for example, roughly the equivalent of a conventional PC operating system typical in the year 2000.
A fourth level operating system O4, for example, can consist of special use or single use operating system add-ons, especially software coming from untrusted or unauthenticated sources on a network, such as the Internet or the Web.
For example, the graphical interface of the operating system can be in 2D only at the O1 level, in 3D at the O2 level, rendering at the O3 level, and animation in the O4 level; additionally, a standard format can be maintained in the O1 and O2 levels, with user or vender customization at the O3 level.
As shown in
The kernel operating system files O1 and O2, as well as kernel application files A1 and A2 can be located in any personal computer PC1 or PC90, including at the level of an appliance including the simplest device, advantageously in ROM and in non-volatile read/write memory such as Flash (or magnetic such as MRAM, or ovonic memory) microchips, for example, as described in
An advantage of the file and firewall structures shown in
Thus,
The embodiments of
Additional security for copyright owners may be provided by using a digital signal processor (DSP), and/or analog and/or other components grouped within the inner firewall 50S to convert network user selected decrypted digital files into analog files before they are transmitted off the PC 90 microchip, so that only an analog signal exits the PC 90 microchip for viewing or listening by the PC 1 user. As such, direct digital copying by the PC 1 user of copyrighted digital files provided over the Internet is prevented.
Any of the embodiments shown in
Additionally, an inner firewall can divide any hardware component into a separate network side compartment and a separate firewall protected side compartment. For example, a hard drive 61 can have a controller 61′ that is divided into two compartments, HD and HD1, as above. As shown in FIG. 24 of the '049 Application, the user side HD1 compartment of the controller 61′ can have a read capability controller r and a write capability controller w, while the network side HD compartment can be limited to a read capability controller r only. The user side HD1 compartment controller can be, for example, used to control only the upper surface of the hard drive 61 platters, while the network side HD compartment controller can be used to control only the lower surface of the hard drive 61 platters, so that a single hard drive can effectively serve a dual role as both a network-accessible hard drive and a user-accessible hard drive, while maintaining a firewall 50 between them. Additionally, the network side HD controller can optionally have a write capability also, which can be preemptively turned on or off by the PC 1 or microchip 90 user. Other relative allocations between network and user of the HD 61 platters can be made and can be configurable by the user or system administrator or not configurable.
Similarly, CD drives 63 or DVD drives 64 (read only or read/write) can have a controller 63′ or 64′ like that of the HD controller 61′ above that is divided by a firewall 50, so that some laser beams are under network control and other laser beams are under user control, like the above hard drives. Floppy disk drives, “Zip” drives, and other removable disk or diskette drives can similarly be divided by a firewall 50 so that there is a physical user portion of the disk or diskette and a physical network portion of the disk or diskette, both either fixed or configurable by a user or system administrator or other authorized source. Memory microchips such as RAM or Flash or other can also be divided into network and user sides in a similar manner.
The use of volatile memory on the network side of the PC1 or microchip 90 is particularly useful in eliminating viruses and other security problems originating from the network side, such as malicious hackers on the Internet. When the network side of the firewall 50 of the PC1 or microchip 90 is returned to its user (preemptively or otherwise), volatile memory like random access memory (RAM) such as DRAM on the network side can first be erased. For example, volatile memory can be purged by momentarily interrupting power to the network side of the PC1 or microchip 90, thereby erasing all network data so that no network data is retained when the user regains control of the network side of the PC1 or microchip 90 for the user's use, except at the user's option; other conventional means may be employed. Of course, when the user is specifically using the network side, for example, for Web browsing, the operating system or the user can selectively save network side files or transfer them to the user side.
On the network side, non-volatile memory like Flash, MRAM, and ovonic memory with network data must be overwritten to obtain the same erasure-type protection, which can be a disadvantage if it takes much more time. Moreover, for relatively large storage media, such as CD-RW or DVD-RW with write-once capability, network data writing must be tracked to be effectively erased. Any new network file on non-volatile memory with only a write-once capability can be erased by overwriting all “0's” to “1's”, so that, for example, the network data written on a CD-RW or DVD-RW would be converted to all “1's” or “pits” (no unpitted writing surface within the network data sector, permanently overwriting the file); optionally, the operating system or the user can selectively save network side files or transfer them to the user side, or vice versa. There is a disadvantage to using Flash memory, since repeated overwriting will eventually degrade it.
As shown in
After the step shown in
Any of the embodiments shown in
The PC 90 microchip as previously described, or a personal computer PC 1 (or any microchip, including a special or general purpose microprocessor on a microchip, alone or including one or more other system components as previously described) may include one or more photovoltaic cells 201, as are well known in the art. The photovoltaic cells 201 may be located on the PC 90 microchip or located near the PC 90 microchip, such as adjoining it or adjacent to it, or located less near, such as in the PC 90 microchip user's home, office, or vehicle, either inside or outside, or may be located more remotely.
A light source for the photovoltaic cells 201 can be direct or indirect and can be sunlight or artificial light, including light from a laser, or a combination, and can be optionally focused by a lens 204. The light may be coherent with one or more discrete frequencies, such as from a laser, or incoherent with many frequencies. The artificial light may be generated by well known conventional means that are conventionally powered by electricity distributed by the existing electrical power grid, as is well known in the art.
A single photovoltaic cell or a number of cells 201 may power each component on the PC 90 microchip, such as the master microprocessor 93 or slave microprocessors 94, DRAM or MRAM, Flash memory, DSP, or laser 150, or any of the other components previously described. The photovoltaic cells 201 may be connected to one or more batteries. The photovoltaic cells 201 can be located remotely as a separate unit, such as on the PC 90 microchip user's roof at home, car, or office, so that the cells 201 provide general local power or power dedicated to the PC 90 microchip and/or associated components. The PC 90 microchip may be a network server, router, or switch, so that any network component can be powered by photovoltaic cells 201, including the Internet, an Intranet, or the World Wide Web.
The
As shown in
As shown in
As shown in
The PC 90 microchip may also be powered by one or more fuel cells 211 or one or more batteries (each with one or more cells) 221 or any combination of such batteries 221, fuel cells 211, or photovoltaic cells 201. As shown in
By providing power without an external wired connection 99, both fuel cells 211 and batteries 221 isolate the PC 90 microchip from a power grid that can transmit electromagnetic flux, but to do so a battery or batteries 221 can be configured to provide connection to the power grid only intermittently when charging is required.
Any of the embodiments shown in
As shown in the example of
The processes can be completely separate while at least sharing the common silicon wafer 500 base, and the processes can occur at different fabrication facilities, including those owned by different manufacturers. Alternatively, two or more separate processes may have common sub-processes that can be integrated, i.e., performed at the same time. Sections of the microchip 501 that are not undergoing a process can be protected from that process by a protective coating that is unaffected by that process and removed after that process. There can be one or more temporary protective coatings, which can remain on for more than one process.
The separate sections of the separate fabrication processes of the microchip 501 can be in any shape or pattern of the microchip. As shown in the
Embodiments of the invention include any fabrication process of a silicon wafer 500 and can include wafers made of other materials suitable for microelectronic devices, such as gallium arsenide. The fabrication processes in current widespread use are generally CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor), but can be bipolar or other. The separate processes (and separate sections 511, 521, and 531 shown in
Embodiments of the invention facilitate a “system on a chip” (SoC), such as the earlier described PC 90 microchip, by allowing most or all of the micro components of a PC to be located on a single microchip. Even the consolidation of only two microchips into a single microchip provides a significant increase in processing speed and reduced power consumption. The silicon die becomes the motherboard for all the micro components of the PC, leaving only the macro components like battery, power supply, and input/output (I/O) connections to be located on the printed circuit motherboard. The result is ultra-large-scale-integration.
The fabrication processes illustrated in
Although the maximum increase in speed and decrease in power consumption can be achieved by putting all micro or nano components on a single “system on a chip,” such as for a PC, even a minimal combination of just two different micro or nano components of a single microchip 501 can yield a very significant increase in speed and decrease in power consumption. To take a very simple example, a silicon wafer 500 can have 256 MB of DRAM manufactured onto a section 531 of the microchips 502 located on the wafer by one factory; when that DRAM process is completed, a second factory can add a general purpose CPU like a Pentium 4 to a second section 511 of the microchips 501 on the silicon wafer 500. Such an approach allows direct communication between microprocessor and DRAM on the microchip 501 for much greater speed and reduced power. Since 256 MB DRAM is an inexpensive commodity product currently, especially if purchased as wafers 500, there would be little or no increase in the production time of the microprocessor.
The separate process dies illustrated in the
The circuits of dies 5011, 5012, and 5013 are connected at their edges 5023 and 5022 by interconnect lines 580 that can be widened as shown in 581 of
The microchip 501 dies shown in
Any of the embodiments shown in
Heat sink 301 or other microchip cooling device can be augmented or replaced by a cooling media 506, which can for example circulate by convection alone within the sipe 505 as shown in
The microchips 1501 on the wafer 1500 can for example each be a complete personal computer (PC 90) system on a chip (SoC), including for example microprocessors, random access memory, radio and/or optical communication components, and other operational components necessary for each microchip 1501 to be capable of functioning as a fully independent PC 90 unit on the semiconductor wafer 1500. Each PC 90 microchip 1501 on the wafer 1500 is in effect a stand-alone unit capable of operating independent of any other PC 90 microchip 1501 on the wafer; this means that operations of PC 90 microchips 1501 occurring on the wafer 1500 can occur asynchronously, such as some or all of the PC 90 microchips 1501 on a wafer can operate together as a cluster of personal computers, as is conventional in the art, and can also include other personal computers in the cluster that are not on the wafer 1500. The semiconductor wafer 1500 can be used with other conventional interface devices for power and data communication, including wireless such as radio and/or optic (See
Alternatively, more than one semiconductor wafer 1500 can be stacked in vertical layers, for example, with wafer 1500 #1 including microprocessors or cores; wafer 1500 #2 including random access memory or RAM such as DRAM; and wafer 1500 #3 including other components, as shown in the
By reducing or eliminating the need to go “off microchip” or off wafer in this case to complete computation operations, the applicant's invention provides huge savings in terms of speed and energy efficiency.
As with the example embodiments shown in
The invention examples shown in
By way of background, FIG. 28A of the '033 and '930 Applications incorporated by reference herein above shows in cross-section an example of a tire 535, such as for a wheel 533 of a transportation vehicle, with a device 510; the internal sipe 505 and/or inner compartment/chamber/bladder 501 can be pressured or not (valve not shown). As shown in the example, inner compartment/chamber/bladder 501 can have one or more direct attachments 503 to the wheel and the structural elements shown can be made of any useful material as is conventional in the art, including plastic and/or plastic composite and/or carbon fiber. The outer compartment/chamber/bladder 500 can be abbreviated to cover only part of inner compartment/chamber/bladder 501, as shown in
Broadly, the flexible inserts or components 510, 511, and 513 can be usefully employed anywhere that cushioning already is being used, or could be with beneficial effect, such as protective padding or cases for equipment of any sort, including portable devices like PC laptops or video players and/or games, cell phones, personal digital assistants (PDA's), and personal digital music players like Apple Ipods™ and MP3 players, as examples, such as the mounting of delicate electronic (or other) components like hard-drives or for vibration dampening, such as in automobile structural and body components and connections.
The applicant's two earlier applications, U.S. application Ser. No. 11/190,087 published as Publication No. US 2005/0268487 A1 on Dec. 8, 2005 describing footwear and U.S. application Ser. No. 11/108,034 published as Publication No. US 2005/0217142 A1 on Oct. 6, 2005 describing orthotics, as well as U.S. Pat. No. 7,010,869, issued Mar. 14, 2006 (of which the '034 Application is a continuation), are hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety for completeness of disclosure. The applicant's earlier application Ser. No. 11/179,887 published as Publication No. US 2005/0241183 A1 on Nov. 3, 2005 describing footwear is hereby expressly incorporated by reference in its entirety for completeness of disclosure.
The applicant's other footwear U.S. Pat. Nos. 4,989,349; 5,317,819; 5,544,429; 5,909,948; 6,115,941; 6,115,945; 6,163,982; 6,308,439; 6,314,662; 6,295,744; 6,360,453; 6,487,795; 6,584,706; 6,591,519; 6,609,312; 6,629,376; 6,662,470; 6,675,498; 6,675,499; 6,708,424; 6,729,046; 6,748,674; 6,763,616; 6,789,331; 6,810,606; 6,877,254; 6,918,197; 7,010,869; 7,082,697; 7,093,379; 7,127,834; 7,168,185; 7,174,658; 7,234,249; 7,287,341; 7,334,350; and 7,334,356 are all hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety into this application for completeness of disclosure of the applicant's novel and useful combination of one or more of any of the features or components of any of the figures of this application with one or more of any of the features of any one or more of the preceding applicant's patents listed above in this paragraph.
The applicant's other footwear U.S. Applications with Publication Numbers US 20020000051; 20020007571; 20020007572; 20020014020; 20020014021; 20020023373; 20020073578; 20020116841; 20030046830; 20030070320; 20030079375; 20030131497; 20030208926; 20030217482; 20040134096; 20040250447; 20050016020; 20050086837; 20050217143; 20060032086; 20060248749; 20070240332; 20070271817; 20080000108; 20080005931; 20080022556; 20080083140; and 20080086916 are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety into this application for completeness of disclosure of the applicant's novel and useful combination of one or more of any of the features or components of any of the figures of this application with one or more of any of the features of any one or more of the preceding applicant's published U.S. Applications listed above in this paragraph.
The applicant's non-footwear patents on global network computers, U.S. Pat. Nos. 6,167,428; 6,732,141; 6,725,250; 7,024,449; 7,035,906, and 7,047,275 are all hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety into this application for completeness of disclosure of the applicant's novel and useful combination of one or more of any of the features or components of any of the figures of this application with one or more of any of the features of any one or more of the preceding applicant's patents listed above in this paragraph.
The applicant's non-footwear applications on global network computers are U.S. application Ser. Nos. 09/085,755; 09/884,041; 09/935,779; 10/663,911; 11/196,527; 11/329,423; and 11/338,887, as well as U.S. application Ser. No. 10/802,049 with U.S. Publication Number US 2004/0215931 published Oct. 28, 2004; U.S. application Ser. No. 10/684,657 with U.S. Publication Number US 2005/0180095 published Aug. 18, 2005; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/196,527 filed Aug. 4, 2005 with U.S. Publication Number US 2006/0095497 published May 4, 2006; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/329,423 filed Jan. 11, 2006 with U.S. Publication Number US 2006/0177226 published Aug. 10, 2006; U.S. application Ser. No. 11/338,887 filed Jan. 25, 2006 with U.S. Publication Number US 2006/0190565 published Aug. 24, 2006; all of these applications are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety into this application for completeness of disclosure of the applicant's novel and useful combination of one or more of any of the features or components of any of the figures of this application with one or more of any of the features of any one or more of the preceding applicant's applications, including published applications, listed above in this paragraph.
To avoid confusion, any numeral in the above listed non-footwear patents or applications relating to computers that is the same as a numeral in the above listed footwear patents or applications should have (or be presumed to have) a prefix numeral of “1” added to the numeral (the equivalent of adding “1000” to the numeral, so that all the numerals of both sets of applications and patents remain unique).
In the following claims, the term “chamber” means a compartment 161 or a chamber 188 or a bladder and the term “sipe” means a sipe 505 or a slit or a channel or a groove as described in the textual specification above and associated figures of this application.
The foregoing shoe designs meet the objectives of this invention as stated above. However, it will clearly be understood by those skilled in the art that the foregoing description has been made in terms of the preferred embodiments and various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention which is to be defined by the appended claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 13/931,080 filed Jun. 28, 2013; which is a continuation of Ser. No. 13/769,292, filed Feb. 16, 2013, now abandoned; which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/292,769, filed Nov. 25, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,125,796, which is a continuation-in-part of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/292,553, filed Nov. 20, 2008, now U.S. Pat. No. 8,164,170, which is a non-provisional of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/996,530, filed on Nov. 21, 2007, and U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/996,553, filed on Nov. 26, 2007. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/292,769, filed Nov. 25, 2008, is also a non-provisional of U.S. Provisional Application No. 60/996,553, filed on Nov. 26, 2007. The contents of all of the above-mentioned applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference.
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20150055280 A1 | Feb 2015 | US |
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60996530 | Nov 2007 | US | |
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