Claims
- 1. A process for the synthesis of a block copolymer, comprising the steps of:
- (a) polymerizing a first vinyl monomer in the presence of an alkyl halide and a catalyst comprising SnCl.sub.4 and tetraalkyl ammonium chloride to form a macromolecule containing at least one halogen group,
- (b) polymerizing a second vinyl monomer in the presence of a catalyst system comprising:
- (i) said macromolecule, containing at least one halogen atom,
- (ii) a transition metal compound, and
- (iii) a ligand, able to coordinate with said transition metal compound and initiate polymerization of said vinyl monomer,
- to thereby form a block copolymer.
- 2. The process of claim 1, wherein said first vinyl monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene and p-methylstyrene; and wherein said second vinyl monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, methoxyethylene and 1-methyl-1'-methoxyethylene and wherein said first and second vinyl monomers are different.
- 3. The process of claim 1, wherein said transition metal compound is a halide of Cu(I).
- 4. The process of claim 1, wherein said alkyl halide is selected from the group consisting of .alpha.,.alpha.'-dihalo-p-xylene, benzyl halide, 1-phenylethyl halide, .beta.-substituted .alpha.-haloacrylonitrile, halopropionitrile and haloacetonitrile.
- 5. The process of claim 1, wherein said ligand is 2,2'-bipyridine or p-alkyl substituted 2,2'-bipyridine.
- 6. The process of claim 1, wherein a molar ratio of said components (i)/(ii)/(iii) is between 1/0.01/0.02 and 1/4/12, and wherein the number average molecular weight of said block copolymer is between 1,000 and 500,000.
- 7. The process of claim 1, wherein the temperature of said polymerization is between 0.degree. C. and 150.degree. C.
- 8. A process for making a block or graft copolymer, comprising the steps of:
- (a) polymerizing a vinyl monomer in the presence of an initiating system, comprising:
- (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group,
- (ii) a transition metal compound, and
- (iii) a ligand, able to coordinate with said transition metal compound;
- to thereby form a macroinitiator of formula (II):
- (macromolecule)-(X).sub.n (II)
- wherein each X is a halogen atom and n is an integer of 1 to 100, and wherein the number average molecular weight of said macroinitiator is between 500 to 100,000,
- (b) homopolymerizing or copolymerizing at least one vinyl monomer in the presence of an initiating system, comprising:
- (iv) said macroinitiator,
- (v) a transition metal compound, and
- (vi) a ligand, able to coordinate with said transition metal compound, to thereby initiate polymerization of said vinyl monomer to form a block or graft copolymer.
- 9. The process of claim 1, wherein said first and second vinyl monomer is each independently selected from the group consisting of methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, n-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, isobornyl methacrylate, acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
- 10. A process for making a homopolymer or copolymer, comprising the steps of:
- (a) reacting a compound of formula (IV):
- Y.sub.1 -R.sub.3 -R.sub.3 '-(X.sub.3) (IV)
- with a functionalized polymer to form a macroinitiator,
- (b) polymerizing a vinyl monomer in the presence of an initiating system, comprising:
- (i) said macroinitiator,
- (ii) a transition metal compound, and
- (iii) a ligand, able to coordinate with said transition metal compound, and
- to thereby initiate polymerization of said vinyl monomer and form a homopolymer or copolymer,
- wherein X.sub.3 is a halogen, n is an integer of 1 to 100, Y.sub.1 is a functional group, R.sub.3 is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, aryl and aralkyl group, and R.sub.3 ' is a C.sub.1 -C.sub.20 -alkyl group.
- 11. The process of claim 10, wherein said compound of formula (IV) is 2-bromopropionyl bromide; wherein said functionalized polymer is phenolic terminated polysulfone; and wherein said vinyl monomer is selected from the group consisting of styrene, .alpha.-methylstyrene, p-methylstyrene, n-butyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, isobutyl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and isobornyl methacrylate.
- 12. A process for making a homopolymer or copolymer, comprising the steps of:
- a) homopolymerizing or copolymerizing at least one vinyl monomer containing at least one polar group, in the presence of an initiating system, comprising:
- (i) an initiator having a radically transferrable atom or group,
- (ii) a transition metal compound, and
- (iii) a ligand, able to coordinate with said transition metal compound, and to thereby initiate polymerization of said vinyl monomer and form a homopolymer or copolymer.
- 13. The process of claim 12, wherein said vinyl monomer containing a polar group is selected from the group consisting of acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile.
- 14. The process of claim 12, wherein said vinyl monomer containing a polar group comprises 5 to 100% by weight based on the total weight of said homopolymer or copolymer.
- 15. The process of claim 12, wherein said vinyl monomer containing a polar group comprises 10 to 100% by weight based on the total weight of said homopolymer or copolymer.
- 16. The process of claim 12, wherein said vinyl monomer containing a polar group comprises 20 to 100% by weight based on the total weight of said homopolymer or copolymer.
Parent Case Info
This application is a division of Ser. No. 09/206,980 filed Dec. 8, 1998, which is a division of Ser. No. 08/940,985 filed Sep. 30, 1997 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,945,491, which is a division of Ser. No. 08/677,828 filed Jul. 10, 1996 now U.S. Pat. No. 5,789,487.
US Referenced Citations (2)
Number |
Name |
Date |
Kind |
5789487 |
Matyjaszewski et al. |
Aug 1998 |
|
5945491 |
Matyjazewski et al. |
Aug 1999 |
|
Divisions (3)
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Number |
Date |
Country |
Parent |
206980 |
Dec 1998 |
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Parent |
940985 |
Sep 1997 |
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Parent |
677828 |
Jul 1996 |
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