Patent Grant
9680936
The present invention relates to a structured means of describing data for use on railway control and safety systems.
In order to enable two computers to communicate, both computers must be able to communicate in a common interface language. A common example of such an interface language is the Hyper-Text Mark-up Language (HTML). This is commonly used on web browsers. All modern computers with a web-browser can interpret HTML, but they may not necessarily be able display the data on any particular device due to varying screen sizes and hardware performance limitations.
For this reason, the Extensible Markup Language (XML) has become more popular than HTML because it allows the data content to be separated from how the data is displayed on a browser. XML is “a meta-language”, meaning that until a data set is defined, the language itself only provides the rules for the creation of a specific mark-up language.
Another interface language is the Extensible Hyper-Text Mark-up Language (XHTML) which is used for interfacing data to web browsers on smartphones and tablets. The XHTML provides the rules for different devices (having different size and performance characteristics) to adapt webpages for those particular devices. For example, when a web browser on a mobile telephone receives the data it has to render the webpage differently to how it would be rendered on a desktop computer or tablet computer.
Computer systems also are used to operate railway networks. Those computers may be used to compute many aspects of the operation of the railway. For example, they may be required to track the current location of any particular locomotive or access timetables of where the locomotives should be and when they should be there (to determine whether a locomotive is operating on time). The computer systems operating the railway networks also require an interface language.
Each computer recipient of the data needs rules on how to interpret that data, so that the information is processed correctly. Multiple computers may need similar but slightly different data. For example, one computer may require time or location to be defined with two decimal points (e.g. 10.12), but another computer may require time and location to be defined with 5 decimals points (e.g. 10.12345). If data is transmitted in a format which a computer cannot interpret, the computer will not be able to process that data and the railway system will not operate.
Locomotives have many elements that are required by an operator of the railway system. Each of those elements have attributes. The attributes may be fixed or dynamic. Fixed attributes may include, for example, the date on which locomotive was manufactured (e.g. 1 Jan. 2000), whether it has driver cockpits at each end, and the power characteristics of the locomotive. Dynamic attributes may include, for example, the fuel level, oil temperature, speed, and location. Those attributes form the content of a message about the locomotive. However, the computer recipient may only be programmed to interpret a subset of the attributes in the message.
A universal means of interpreting the data for any particular computer railway control system is required.
The object of the invention is to transmit data for railway computer control systems in one format and have all recipient computing devices interpret that data correctly.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is a provided a train control operation system, the system comprising:
The subscription server and the data collection server can run as separate processes on a single server. The data collection server may represent a number of different servers each collecting different types of data relating to trains.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is a provided a mark-up language for a train control operation system, the system comprising:
The schema file may be a well formed XML document. The schema can be hosted on a server which is accessible by subscribers of the system. Preferably, the server is accessible via a web-based Uniform Resource Locator.
Various embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the following drawing, in which:
The server 24 may be located in a control centre operated in one state (e.g. New South Wales), for instance. The data relating to the position of the locomotives 12 and 14 can then be relayed to an adjacent operator 26, who may be in a different location or indeed state (e.g. Queensland), for instance. Both operators may need to exchange data about the location of their locomotives (which may cross each other's borders), so as to avoid collisions. There could be hundreds of computers connected in a network operating the railway control system.
Each of those computers may need to display different data about each of the locomotives. For example, screen 28 in
The train position data is transmitted in the form of a message 36 (see
The “Vehicle” message 36 shown above begins with the code “<Vehicle>” and ends with the code “</Vehicle>”, where the symbols “</>” designate the end of a line of code.
The items above represented in brackets “< >” are referred to as “tags.” Each line of code in the message is referred to as an “element.” The items between the arrows “<” and “>” are referred to as “attributes.”
The ID number “RLS4537” represents the identification number of a GPS receiver on locomotive 12. The time element “2014-04-12 19:50:23” represents the time when the locomotive was at −31.4564 latitude and 151.242 longitude.
The system utilises a schema which defines the possible elements in a message. The schema file is referred to as a Document Type Definition (“DTD”) file.
For example, the schema for the message 36 allows attributes to be input for the vehicle including <ID>, <Time>, <Type>, <Loc(ation)>. The system enables any attributes to be inserted in the elements provided in the schema. For example, the element <fuel level> could be added to the schema, as long as the “fuel level” element is defined in the DTD. An extensive list of sample attributes which could be included in a schema for a train control operation system is set out in Appendix 1.
An example section of data in a DTD file is as follows:
The first section of code written above defines the elements which are used in the DTD file. These elements include the locomotive attributes “Engine Class”, “Engine Number”, “Position on Train”, “Engine Type”, “Origin”, “Planned Destination”, “Gross Mass”, “Working Mode”, “Fuel (Liters)”, “Mobile Phone Number”, “Driver (name)”, “Second Person (second driver).”
The schema may have hierarchy of levels. For example, the element “Driver” is a sub-schema relating to the driver's name, the depot he is from, and the time he went on duty. The element “Engine” has a sub-element “Driver”.
The DTD file has to be a well formed XML document (i.e. the DTD file must comply with the standard XML formatting rules).
The DTD file is hosted on a subscription server 38. There are three primary methods in which the DTD file (describing the various schema) can be accessed by subscribers in the rail network control system from the subscription server 38. A first method is to host the DTD data on web-based Uniform Resource Locator (URL) such as www.4tel.com.au/rsml.dtd. A second method is to store the DTD locally on the receiving computer such as C://location/DTD/rsml.dtd. A third method is to embed the DTD in a message header format (i.e. within the message file itself).
The computers receiving data (shown as screens 28, 30, 32 and 34) need to access the DTD to identify new elements. The position collection server 24 generating the data also needs to access the DTD so that it can populate the attributes which are then distributed to the subscribers.
A new element may be added to the DTD file at any time (e.g. a “fuel level” element). The data in the message 36 is sent to each of the subscribers of the subscription server (e.g. shown on screens 28, 30, 32 and 34). If the application running on the subscriber's computer does not recognise the fuel level element, then it can access the DTD file to identify the attributes of that element and then process that element.
In prior art systems, if new data relating to the operation of rail network needs to be sent to subscribers of the system, the conventional method of distributing that data is to relay it individually to each end subscriber. The disadvantage of this linear form of communication is that each subscriber may receive different data, or data in a different format specified for their particular computer interface. This approach is not readily scalable if new subscribers wish to access the system.
By contrast, the present invention directs each end subscriber to a single location in which they can access the data on a single subscription server. This provides a universal and uniform source of understanding the data stream across the networks. The present invention has a one-to-many distribution architecture that presents, in effect, zero marginal cost to add a new marginal subscriber.
In compliance with the statute, the invention has been described in language more or less specific to structural or methodical features. It is to be understood that the invention is not limited to specific features shown or described since the means herein described comprises preferred forms of putting the invention into effect. The particular features, structures, or characteristics of the invention may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more combinations. The invention is, therefore, claimed in any of its forms or modifications within the proper scope of the appended claims (if any) appropriately interpreted by those skilled in the art.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2015100253 | Mar 2015 | AU | national |
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| Entry |
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20160260330 A1 | Sep 2016 | US |
