This disclosure relates to robotic surgical systems and, more particularly, to a control drive assembly for a single port robotic surgical system.
Robotic surgical systems include control drive assemblies supporting surgical instruments used in laparoscopic and/or robotic surgery. These surgical instruments generally have a proximally located actuating mechanism that is operably coupled to a control drive unit of the control drive assembly for actuating distal end effectors of the surgical instruments. The control drive unit includes any number of motors operably associated with the actuating mechanisms of the surgical instruments. A clinician remotely controls these motors to enable the surgical instruments to robotically perform a surgical task within a body cavity of a patient, and often in remote locations within the body cavity that are not easily accessed without robotic surgical systems.
According to an aspect of this disclosure, a robotic surgical system includes an instrument cart having a setup arm assembly, and a control drive assembly coupled to the setup arm assembly. The control drive assembly includes a chassis assembly, a first drive unit and a second drive unit mounted to the chassis assembly, and a leadscrew assembly mounted to the chassis assembly. Each drive unit of the first and second drive units is positioned to translate relative to the chassis assembly between a retracted position and an advanced position. The first drive unit is configured to couple to a first surgical instrument, the second drive unit is configured to couple to a second surgical instrument. The leadscrew assembly includes a first leadscrew operably associated with the first drive unit and a second leadscrew operably associated with the second drive unit, the first leadscrew being rotatable to cause the first drive unit to translate relative to the chassis assembly, the second leadscrew being rotatable to cause the second drive unit to translate relative to the chassis assembly.
In aspects, the chassis assembly may include a spinebox assembly that supports the leadscrew assembly therein. The first and second drive units may be movably mounted to the spinebox assembly. The first leadscrew may support a first slide plate assembly that engages with the first drive unit and the second leadscrew may support a second slide plate assembly that engages with the second drive unit. The first and second slide plate assemblies may be movable through the spinebox assembly to move the first and second drive units relative to the spinebox assembly. The first slide plate assembly may include drive pins extending therefrom. The drive pins may be positionable within the first drive unit to couple the first slide plate assembly to the first drive unit. The first slide plate may be threadedly coupled to the first leadscrew. The first slide plate may be positioned to translate along the first leadscrew as the first leadscrew is rotated relative to the first slide plate.
In aspects, the first drive unit may include a first motor assembly supporting a first plurality of motors configured to operate the first surgical instrument. The second drive unit may include a second motor assembly supporting a second plurality of motors configured to operate the second surgical instrument.
In aspects, the leadscrew assembly may further include a drive assembly supported on the chassis assembly. The drive assembly may include one or more leadscrew drivetrain motors that mount to the chassis assembly. The leadscrew drive train motors may be operatively coupled to one or more drive gears. The drive gears may be rotatable by the leadscrew drivetrain motors to rotate the first and/or second leadscrews.
In aspects, a manual release assembly may include one or more release knobs. The release knobs are operatively coupled to one or more drive gears to manually rotate the first and/or the second leadscrews.
In aspects, a robotic surgical system includes a setup arm assembly and a control drive assembly pivotably coupled to the setup arm assembly. The control drive assembly includes an endoscope, a surgical instrument, and a control drive unit. The control drive unit includes a chassis assembly, an endoscope drive unit mounted to the chassis assembly and removably supporting the endoscope, an instrument drive unit mounted to the chassis assembly and removably supporting the surgical instrument, a first leadscrew operably associated with the endoscope drive unit, and a second leadscrew operably associated with the instrument drive unit. The first leadscrew is rotatable to cause the endoscope drive unit to translate relative to the chassis assembly. The second leadscrew is rotatable to cause the instrument drive unit to translate relative to the endoscope drive unit.
In aspects, the surgical instrument may define an instrument centerline and the second leadscrew may define a leadscrew centerline. The instrument centerline and the leadscrew centerline may be offset.
In aspects, the control drive unit may include a support bar assembly, wherein movement of the support bar may cause the control drive unit to pivot relative to the setup arm assembly. The support bar assembly may include a first portion and a second portion that are selectively attachable to one another about the chassis assembly by a joint. The first portion of the support bar assembly may be arched distally to a port latch assembly. The port latch assembly may include a fixed clamp arm and a pivotable clamp arm. The pivotable clamp arm is positioned to pivot relative to the fixed clamp arm to secure a surgical portal assembly to the support bar assembly. The surgical portal assembly may define a first lumen therethrough configured to receive the endoscope and a second lumen therethrough configured to receive the surgical instrument therethrough. The surgical portal assembly may have a proximal housing that defines a first annular channel configured to receive the fixed clamp arm therein and a second annular channel configured to receive the pivotable clamp arm therein. The first and/or second lumens may include a lofted distal portion to enable greater shaft deflections of the endoscope or the surgical instrument at the distal end portion of the surgical portal assembly in comparison to a proximal portion of the surgical portal assembly.
In aspects, the setup arm assembly may include a control pad that is actuatable to cause the endoscope drive unit and/or the instrument drive unit to move relative to the chassis assembly. The setup arm assembly may include one or more brake assemblies configured to limit movement of the endoscope drive unit and the instrument drive unit relative to the chassis assembly.
In aspects, the instrument drive unit may include a first sterile adapter assembly secured thereto and the endoscope drive unit may include a second sterile adapter assembly secured thereto. Each of the first and second sterile adapter assemblies supports drive dogs therein. The endoscope drive unit and/or the instrument drive unit includes a drive dog alignment tool that pre-aligns the drive dogs of the respective first or second sterile adapter assemblies for facilitating attachment of the respective endoscope or surgical instrument to the respective first or second sterile adapter assemblies.
According to one aspect, this disclosure is directed to a control drive assembly for a robotic surgical system. The control drive assembly includes a chassis assembly, an endoscope drive unit, a first instrument drive unit, a second instrument drive unit, a third instrument drive unit, and a manual release assembly. The chassis assembly supports a leadscrew assembly, the leadscrew assembly including a plurality of leadscrews. The endoscope drive unit is coupled to an endoscope, the first instrument drive unit is coupled to a first surgical instrument, the second instrument drive unit is coupled to a second surgical instrument, and the third instrument drive unit is coupled to a third surgical instrument. The endoscope drive unit and each instrument drive unit are mounted to the chassis assembly, wherein each drive unit is movable relative to the other drive units to move the endoscope, the first surgical instrument, the second surgical instrument, or the third surgical instrument between extended and retracted positions relative to the chassis assembly in response to rotation of one or more leadscrews of the plurality of leadscrews. The manual release assembly includes one or more release knob operatively coupled to the leadscrew assembly. The one or more release knobs are rotatable to manually rotate one or more of the plurality of leadscrews.
Other aspects, features, and advantages will be apparent from the description, the drawings, and the claims that follow.
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate aspects of this disclosure and, together with a general description of this disclosure given above, and the detailed description given below, explain the principles of this disclosure, wherein:
Aspects of this disclosure are described in detail with reference to the drawings, in which like reference numerals designate identical or corresponding elements in each of the several views. As used herein, the term “distal” refers to that portion of structure closer to a patient, while the term “proximal” refers to that portion of structure, farther from the patient. As used herein, the term “clinician” refers to a doctor, nurse, or other care provider and may include support personnel and/or equipment operators.
In the following description, well-known functions or constructions are not described in detail to avoid obscuring the present disclosure in unnecessary detail.
Robotic surgical systems have been used in minimally invasive medical procedures. Such procedures may be referred to as what is commonly referred to as “Telesurgery.” These robotic surgical systems have one or more surgical instruments removably coupled thereto. Such surgical instruments include, for example, endoscopes, electrosurgical forceps, cutting instruments, staplers, graspers, electrocautery devices, or any other endoscopic or open surgical devices. Prior to or during use of the robotic surgical system, various surgical instruments can be selected and connected to the robotic surgical system for selectively operating end effectors of the connected surgical instruments.
With reference to
Robotic surgical system 10 includes a workstation 12 and an instrument cart 14. The instrument cart 14 supports a control drive assembly 100 on a setup arm assembly 16 that is selectively movable relative to instrument cart 14. Control drive assembly 100 includes one or more surgical instrument systems 50 mounted on a control drive unit 101 supported on setup arm assembly 15. Control drive unit 101 is movable relative to cart 14 and houses an instrument drive assembly 103 for manipulating the surgical instrument systems 50 and/or independent surgical instruments 60 thereof with the assistance of, for example one or more computing devices or controllers. Instrument drive assembly 103 can include an instrument drive unit 103a for operating surgical devices such as graspers coupled thereto and an endoscope drive unit 103b for operating surgical devices such as an endoscope coupled thereto. Surgical instrument system 50 can include any number and/or type of surgical instruments. The surgical instruments 60 can include, for example, graspers or forceps 26, which may be electrosurgical, an endoscope 28, and/or any other suitable instrument that can be driven by one or more associated tool drives, such as instrument drive unit 103a and endoscope drive unit 103b of instrument drive assembly 103. For example, besides graspers 26 and endoscope 28, the one or more surgical instruments 60 can include dexterous tools, such as grippers, needle drivers, staplers, dissectors, cutters, hooks, graspers, scissors, coagulators, irrigators, suction devices, which are used for performing a surgical procedure.
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The workstation 12 can further include computing devices and/or controllers such as a master processor circuit 22a in communication with the input device 22 for receiving the input signals and generating control signals for controlling the robotic surgical system 10, which can be transmitted to the instrument cart 14 via an interface cable 22b. In some cases, transmission can be wireless and interface cable 22b may not be present. The input device 22 can include right and left-hand controls (not shown) and/or foot pedals (not shown), which are moved/operated to produce input signals at the input device 22 and/or to control robotic surgical system 10. The instrument cart 14 can include a slave processor circuit 20a that receives and the control signals from the master processor circuit 22a and produces slave control signals operable to control the various surgical instrument systems 50 (and surgical instruments 60 thereof) during a surgical procedure. The workstation 12 can also include a user interface, such as a display (not shown) in communication with the master processor circuit 22a for displaying information (such as, body cavity images) for a region or site of interest (for example, a surgical site, a body cavity, or the like) and other information to a clinician. While both master and slave processor circuits are illustrated, in other aspects, a single processor circuit may be used to perform both master and slave functions.
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Drive assembly 110 of control drive unit 101 includes a plurality of independent drive subassemblies 1101, 1102, 1103, 1104, each of which is driven by a respective one of the drivers 110a and a respective one of the leadscrew drivetrain motors 110d. Drive assembly 110 further includes slide plate assemblies 112 that are movably mounted on leadscrews 109 (e.g., threadedly coupled thereto). Each slide plate assembly 112 is positioned to axially move along a respective one of the leadscrews 109, as indicated by arrows “C” shown in
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Endoscope drive unit 103b includes a shroud assembly 142 having an endoscope coupling assembly 144 supported on a distal end portion of shroud assembly 142. Shroud assembly 142 supports a motor assembly 146, a control board assembly 148, an endoscope isolation board assembly 150, a high-voltage domain connection 152, and video coax cables 154, and other components similar to instrument drive unit 103b such as a cooling board assembly.
Endoscope coupling assembly 144 of endoscope drive unit 103b includes an LED light ring reflector 144a, an LED light ring 144b in the form of a printed circuit board having LEDs 144d mounted thereto, an LED light ring diffuser 144c that diffuses light from the LEDs 144d, a sterile adapter latch 144e, tension springs 144f, an EDU housing 144g, and an endoscope sterile adapter assembly 144h. Endoscope coupling assembly 144 further includes a linear slide 144j, an endoscope connector board 144k, and a board gasket 144m. Endoscope connector board 144k couples to high-voltage domain connection 152 and video coax cables 154. Endoscope sterile adapter assembly 144h includes endoscope drive dogs 144n and a connector 144p (e.g., 17 pin) embedded in endoscope sterile adapter assembly 144h that couples with endoscope connector board 144h.
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The disclosed structure can include any suitable mechanical, electrical, and/or chemical components for operating the disclosed system or components thereof. For instance, such electrical components can include, for example, any suitable electrical and/or electromechanical, and/or electrochemical circuitry, which may include or be coupled to one or more printed circuit boards. As appreciated, the disclosed computing devices (and/or servers) can include, for example, a “controller,” “processor,” “digital processing device” and like terms, and which are used to indicate a microprocessor or central processing unit (CPU). The CPU is the electronic circuitry within a computer that carries out the instructions of a computer program by performing the basic arithmetic, logical, control and input/output (I/O) operations specified by the instructions, and by way of non-limiting examples, include server computers. In some aspects, the controller includes an operating system configured to perform executable instructions. The operating system is, for example, software, including programs and data, which manages hardware of the disclosed apparatus and provides services for execution of applications for use with the disclosed apparatus. Those of skill in the art will recognize that suitable server operating systems include, by way of non-limiting examples, FreeBSD, OpenBSD, NetBSD®, Linux, Apple® Mac OS X Server®, Oracle® Solaris®, Windows Server®, and Novell® NetWare®. In some aspects, the operating system is provided by cloud computing.
In some aspects, the term “controller” may be used to indicate a device that controls the transfer of data from a computer or computing device to a peripheral or separate device and vice versa, and/or a mechanical and/or electromechanical device (e.g., a lever, knob, etc.) that mechanically operates and/or actuates a peripheral or separate device.
In aspects, the controller includes a storage and/or memory device. The storage and/or memory device is one or more physical apparatus used to store data or programs on a temporary or permanent basis. In some aspects, the controller includes volatile memory and requires power to maintain stored information. In various aspects, the controller includes non-volatile memory and retains stored information when it is not powered. In some aspects, the non-volatile memory includes flash memory. In certain aspects, the non-volatile memory includes dynamic random-access memory (DRAM). In some aspects, the non-volatile memory includes ferroelectric random-access memory (FRAM). In various aspects, the non-volatile memory includes phase-change random access memory (PRAM). In certain aspects, the controller is a storage device including, by way of non-limiting examples, CD-ROMs, DVDs, flash memory devices, magnetic disk drives, magnetic tapes drives, optical disk drives, and cloud-computing-based storage. In various aspects, the storage and/or memory device is a combination of devices such as those disclosed herein.
In various aspects, the memory can be random access memory, read-only memory, magnetic disk memory, solid state memory, optical disc memory, and/or another type of memory. In various aspects, the memory can be separate from the controller and can communicate with the processor through communication buses of a circuit board and/or through communication cables such as serial ATA cables or other types of cables. The memory includes computer-readable instructions that are executable by the processor to operate the controller. In various aspects, the controller may include a wireless network interface to communicate with other computers or a server. In aspects, a storage device may be used for storing data. In various aspects, the processor may be, for example, without limitation, a digital signal processor, a microprocessor, an ASIC, a graphics processing unit (“GPU”), field-programmable gate array (“FPGA”), or a central processing unit (“CPU”).
The memory stores suitable instructions and/or applications, to be executed by the processor, for receiving the sensed data (e.g., sensed data from camera), accessing storage device of the controller, generating a raw image based on the sensed data, comparing the raw image to a calibration data set, identifying an object based on the raw image compared to the calibration data set, transmitting object data to a post-processing unit, and displaying the object data to a graphic user interface. Although illustrated as part of the disclosed structure, it is also contemplated that a controller may be remote from the disclosed structure (e.g., on a remote server), and accessible by the disclosed structure via a wired or wireless connection. In aspects where the controller is remote, it is contemplated that the controller may be accessible by, and connected to, multiple structures and/or components of the disclosed system.
The term “application” may include a computer program designed to perform functions, tasks, or activities for the benefit of a user. Application may refer to, for example, software running locally or remotely, as a standalone program or in a web browser, or other software which would be understood by one skilled in the art to be an application. An application may run on the disclosed controllers or on a user device, including for example, on a mobile device, an IoT device, or a server system.
In some aspects, the controller includes a display to send visual information to a user. In various aspects, the display is a cathode ray tube (CRT). In various aspects, the display is a liquid crystal display (LCD). In certain aspects, the display is a thin film transistor liquid crystal display (TFT-LCD). In aspects, the display is an organic light emitting diode (OLED) display. In certain aspects, on OLED display is a passive-matrix OLED (PMOLED) or active-matrix OLED (AMOLED) display. In aspects, the display is a plasma display. In certain aspects, the display is a video projector. In various aspects, the display is interactive (e.g., having a touch screen) that can detect user interactions/gestures/responses and the like. In some aspects, the display is a combination of devices such as those disclosed herein.
The controller may include or be coupled to a server and/or a network. As used herein, the term “server” includes “computer server,” “central server,” “main server,” and like terms to indicate a computer or device on a network that manages the disclosed apparatus, components thereof, and/or resources thereof. As used herein, the term “network” can include any network technology including, for instance, a cellular data network, a wired network, a fiber-optic network, a satellite network, and/or an IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n/ac wireless network, among others.
In various aspects, the controller can be coupled to a mesh network. As used herein, a “mesh network” is a network topology in which each node relays data for the network. All mesh nodes cooperate in the distribution of data in the network. It can be applied to both wired and wireless networks. Wireless mesh networks can be considered a type of “Wireless ad hoc” network. Thus, wireless mesh networks are closely related to Mobile ad hoc networks (MANETs). Although MANETs are not restricted to a specific mesh network topology, Wireless ad hoc networks or MANETs can take any form of network topology. Mesh networks can relay messages using either a flooding technique or a routing technique. With routing, the message is propagated along a path by hopping from node to node until it reaches its destination. To ensure that all its paths are available, the network must allow for continuous connections and must reconfigure itself around broken paths, using self-healing algorithms such as Shortest Path Bridging. Self-healing allows a routing-based network to operate when a node breaks down or when a connection becomes unreliable. As a result, the network is typically quite reliable, as there is often more than one path between a source and a destination in the network. This concept can also apply to wired networks and to software interaction. A mesh network whose nodes are all connected to each other is a fully connected network.
In some aspects, the controller may include one or more modules. As used herein, the term “module” and like terms are used to indicate a self-contained hardware component of the central server, which in turn includes software modules. In software, a module is a part of a program. Programs are composed of one or more independently developed modules that are not combined until the program is linked. A single module can contain one or several routines, or sections of programs that perform a particular task.
As used herein, the controller includes software modules for managing various aspects and functions of the disclosed system or components thereof.
The disclosed structure may also utilize one or more controllers to receive various information and transform the received information to generate an output. The controller may include any type of computing device, computational circuit, or any type of processor or processing circuit capable of executing a series of instructions that are stored in memory. The controller may include multiple processors and/or multicore central processing units (CPUs) and may include any type of processor, such as a microprocessor, digital signal processor, microcontroller, programmable logic device (PLD), field programmable gate array (FPGA), or the like. The controller may also include a memory to store data and/or instructions that, when executed by the one or more processors, cause the one or more processors to perform one or more methods and/or algorithms.
The phrases “in an aspect,” “in aspects,” “in various aspects,” “in some aspects,” “in other aspects” or the like may each refer to one or more of the same or different aspects in accordance with the present disclosure. A phrase in the form “A or B” means “(A), (B), or (A and B).” A phrase in the form “at least one of A, B, or C” means “(A); (B); (C); (A and B); (A and C); (B and C); or (A, B, and C).”
Various aspects disclosed herein may be combined in different combinations than the combinations specifically presented in the description and accompanying drawings. It should also be understood that, depending on the example, certain acts or events of any of the processes or methods described herein may be performed in a different sequence, may be added, merged, or left out altogether (e.g., all described acts or events may not be necessary to carry out the techniques).
Certain aspects of the present disclosure may include some, all, or none of the above advantages and/or one or more other advantages readily apparent to those skilled in the art from the drawings, descriptions, and claims included herein. Moreover, while specific advantages have been enumerated above, the various aspects of the present disclosure may include all, some, or none of the enumerated advantages and/or other advantages not specifically enumerated above.
The aspects disclosed herein are examples of the disclosure and may be embodied in various forms. For instance, although certain aspects herein are described as separate, each of the aspects herein may be combined with one or more of the other aspects herein. Specific structural and functional details disclosed herein are not to be interpreted as limiting, but as a basis for the claims and as a representative basis for teaching one skilled in the art to variously employ the present disclosure in virtually any appropriately detailed structure. Like reference numerals may refer to similar or identical elements throughout the description of the figures.
Any of the herein described methods, programs, algorithms, or codes may be converted to, or expressed in, a programming language or computer program. The terms “programming language” and “computer program,” as used herein, each include any language used to specify instructions to a computer, and include (but is not limited to) the following languages and their derivatives: Assembler, Basic, Batch files, BCPL, C, C+, C++, Delphi, Fortran, Java, JavaScript, machine code, operating system command languages, Pascal, Perl, PL1, scripting languages, Visual Basic, metalanguages which themselves specify programs, and all first, second, third, fourth, fifth, or further generation computer languages. Also included are database and other data schemas, and any other meta-languages. No distinction is made between languages which are interpreted, compiled, or use both compiled and interpreted approaches. No distinction is made between compiled and source versions of a program. Thus, reference to a program, where the programming language could exist in more than one state (such as source, compiled, object, or linked) is a reference to all such states. Reference to a program may encompass the actual instructions and/or the intent of those instructions.
Securement of any of the components of the disclosed devices may be effectuated using known securement techniques such welding, crimping, gluing, fastening, etc.
Persons skilled in the art will understand that the structures and methods specifically described herein and shown in the accompanying figures are non-limiting exemplary aspects, and that the description, disclosure, and figures should be construed merely as exemplary of aspects. It is to be understood, therefore, that this disclosure is not limited to the precise aspects described, and that various other changes and modifications may be effectuated by one skilled in the art without departing from the scope or spirit of the disclosure. Additionally, the elements and features shown or described in connection with certain aspects may be combined with the elements and features of certain other aspects without departing from the scope of this disclosure, and that such modifications and variations are also included within the scope of this disclosure. Accordingly, the subject matter of this disclosure is not limited by what has been particularly shown and described.
The present application is a U.S. National Stage Application filed under 35 U.S.C. § 371(a) of International Application Serial No. PCT/US2023/015027 filed on Mar. 10, 2023 which claims the benefit of and priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 63/269,158, filed on Mar. 10, 2022, and U.S. Provisional Patent Application Ser. No. 63/341,459, filed on May 13, 2022, the contents of which are being incorporated herein in their entirety.
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind |
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PCT/US2023/015027 | 3/10/2023 | WO |
Number | Date | Country | |
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63341459 | May 2022 | US | |
63269158 | Mar 2022 | US |