Embodiments of this disclosure relate generally to semiconductor devices and, more particularly, to a semiconductor device including body connected field-effect transistors (FETs).
The effective current in a field-effect transistor (FET) is an important parameter to measure for accurate performance benchmarking in partially depleted silicon-on-insulator (SOI) technology. When measuring this parameter of a FET, the FET must be switched from an off-state to an on-state. However, when switching the FET, the time for the body of the FET to reach a steady-state condition is more than the time it takes to switch on the FET, and hence during high-speed operation, the body charge remains nearly fixed at its starting value. When measuring devices, however, the time needed for accurate readings of standard instrumentation is large, compared to the characteristic time for the body to charge to steady state. Very specialized high-speed test equipment with specialized probe stations have been developed that include a fast sampling speed, but these devices are not consistently accurate and are extremely expensive for use in manufacturing.
A first aspect of the disclosure provides a semiconductor device comprising: a first field-effect transistor (FET); and a second FET of similar polarity to the first FET, wherein a body of the first FET is electrically coupled to a body of the second FET, and a source of the first FET is electrically coupled to a source of the second FET, such that a body voltage of the second FET controls a body voltage of the first FET.
A second aspect of the disclosure provides a semiconductor device comprising: a first field-effect transistor (FET); and a plurality of FETs connected in parallel, each of the plurality of FETs of similar polarity to the first FET, wherein a body of the first FET is electrically coupled to a body of each of the plurality of FETs, and a source of the first FET is electrically coupled to a source of each of the plurality of FETs, such that a body voltage of the plurality of FETs controls a body voltage of the first FET.
A third aspect of the disclosure provides a method of testing a field-effect transistor (FET), the method comprising: providing a first field-effect transistor (FET) and a second FET, wherein the first FET and the second FET include similar polarities, and wherein a body of the first FET is electrically coupled to a body of the second FET, and a source of the first FET is electrically coupled to a source of the second FET, such that a body voltage of the second FET controls a body voltage of the first FET; measuring a first drain current in a drain of the first FET; measuring a second drain current in the drain of the first FET; determining an effective current for the first FET based on an average of the first drain current and the second drain current.
These and other aspects, advantages and salient features of the invention will become apparent from the following detailed description, which, when taken in conjunction with the annexed drawings, where like parts are designated by like reference characters throughout the drawings, disclose embodiments of the invention.
The above and other aspects, features and advantages of the invention will be better understood by reading the following more particular description of the invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The drawings are not necessarily to scale. The drawings are merely schematic representations, not intended to portray specific parameters of the invention. The drawings are intended to depict only typical embodiments of the invention, and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope of the invention. In the drawings, like numbering represents like elements.
As seen in
In the embodiment shown in
Although the embodiment shown in
The number (N) of plurality of FETs 204A, 204B, . . . , 204N required to control the body voltage of first FET 202 will depend on certain parameters of first FET 202. For example, the effective impedance of the connected bodies 235 of the plurality of FETs 204A, 204B, . . . , 204N, which may be viewed as a voltage source, must be much greater than (e.g., at least approximately ten times more) the impedance of the body 230 of first FET 202.
Turning now to
Turning now to
As mentioned above with other embodiments, the number (N) of plurality of FETs 404A, 404B, . . . , 404N required to control the body voltage of first FET 402 will Depend on certain parameters of first FET 402. For example, the effective impedance of the connected bodies 435 of the plurality of FETs 404A, 404B, . . . , 404N, which may be viewed as a voltage source, must be much greater than (e.g., at least approximately ten times more) the impedance of the body 430 of first FET 402.
Turning now to
Operational amplifier 570 may electrically connect bodies of each of plurality of FETs 504A, 504B, . . . , 504N via connection 536 to body 530 of first FET 502. Operational amplifier 570 will reduce the effective impedance of the voltage source provided by the body voltage of bodies 535 of plurality of FETs 504A, 504B, . . . , 504N in order to reduce the number (N) of FETs 504A, 504B, . . . , 504N that are required to control the body voltage of first FET 502. It is understood that operational amplifier 570 is only an example of a device that may be used to reduce the effective impedance of the voltage source provided by the body voltage of bodies 535.
Turning not to
First, in step S1, semiconductor device 300 including first FET 302 and second FET 304 may be provided. As mentioned above, first FET 302 and second FET 304 may include similar polarities. That is, first FET 302 and second FET 304 may be n-type. Alternatively, first FET 302 and second FET 304 may be p-type. Body 335 of second FET 304 is electrically coupled to body 330 of first FET 302. Further, gate 315 and source 345 of second FET 304 may be electrically coupled to source 340 of first FET 302.
Next, in step S2, a first drain current in drain 320 of first FET 302 may be measured and, in step S3, a second drain current in drain 320 of first FET 302 may be measured.
In order to measure first drain current in drain 320, a first voltage is applied to drain 320 of first FET 302 and drain 325 of second FET 304. Further, a second voltage is applied to gate 310 of first FET 302. The second voltage may be approximately half of the first voltage. For example, the first voltage may be the power supply voltage (Vdd) and the second voltage may be half the power supply voltage (Vdd/2). In this condition, the body voltage of first FET 302 is controlled by the body voltage of second FET 304 to be in the off-condition. It is in this off-condition that an accurate measurement of the effective current for first FET 302 is obtained.
In order to measure second drain current in drain 320 of first FET 302, a third voltage is applied to drain 320 of first FET 302 and gate 310 of first FET 302. Further, a fourth voltage is applied to drain 325 of second FET 304. The fourth voltage may be approximately half of the third voltage. For example, the third voltage may be the power supply voltage (Vdd) and the fourth voltage may be half the power supply voltage (Vdd/2). In this condition, the body voltage of first FET 302 is still controlled by the body voltage of second FET 304 to be in the off-condition.
Next, in step S4, the effective current for first FET 302 may be determined. The effective current for first FET 302 is based on the first drain current and the second drain current. The effective current for first FET 302 is determined by calculating the average of the first drain current and the second drain current.
While various embodiments are described herein, it will be appreciated from the specification that various combinations of elements, variations or improvements therein may be made by those skilled in the art, and are within the scope of the invention. In addition, many modifications may be made to adapt a particular situation or material to the teachings of the invention without departing from essential scope thereof. Therefore, it is intended that the invention not be limited to the particular embodiment disclosed as the best mode contemplated for carrying out this invention, but that the invention will include all embodiments falling within the scope of the appended claims.
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20120169415 A1 | Jul 2012 | US |