This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2022-203724, filed Dec. 20, 2022, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Embodiments described herein relate generally to a semiconductor memory device.
In a three-dimensional nonvolatile semiconductor memory device with a stacked structure in which a plurality of memory cells are vertically stacked, when the number of stacked memory cells increases, it becomes difficult to precisely form contacts connected to lines extending from the memory cells.
In general, according to one embodiment, a semiconductor memory device includes: a stacked body including a first stacked portion including a plurality of first conductive layers stacked to be apart from each other in a first direction and having a first end portion stepwise processed along a second direction crossing the first direction, and a second stacked portion provided on an upper layer side of the first stacked portion, including a plurality of second conductive layers stacked to be apart from each other in the first direction, and having a second end portion arranged beside the first end portion in the second direction and stepwise processed along the second direction; a plurality of pillar structures each including a semiconductor layer extending along the first direction in the stacked body; a first interlayer insulating layer covering the first end portion; a second interlayer insulating layer provided on an upper layer side of the first interlayer insulating layer and covering the second end portion; a first stopper insulating layer provided at least between the first interlayer insulating layer and the second interlayer insulating layer and above the first end portion, including a first portion extending flat along a plane perpendicular to the first direction above the first end portion throughout the first end portion in the second direction, and formed of a material with a main component which is different from that of a material of the first interlayer insulating layer and that of a material of the second interlayer insulating layer; a second stopper insulating layer including at least a first portion provided on an upper layer side of the second interlayer insulating layer and above the second end portion, and formed of a material with a main component which is different from that of the material of the first interlayer insulating layer and that of the material of the second interlayer insulating layer; a plurality of first contacts penetrating the second interlayer insulating layer, the first portion of the first stopper insulating layer and the first interlayer insulating layer, and connected to different first conductive layers, respectively, of the plurality of first conductive layers; and a plurality of second contacts penetrating the first portion of the second stopper insulating layer and the second interlayer insulating layer, and connected to different second conductive layers, respectively, of the plurality of second conductive layers.
Hereinafter, embodiments will be explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in
The memory region 100 includes a three-dimensional NAND nonvolatile memory cell array. Specifically, a NAND string is structured with a plurality of memory cells and a plurality of select transistors arranged in a direction vertical to the semiconductor substrate (direction Z).
The stairs region 200 is provided to be adjacent to the memory region 100. As described later, a plurality of contacts are provided in the stairs region 200 to supply signals to the memory region 100.
As shown in
The stacked body 20 includes a stacked portion 20a, and a stacked portion 20b provided on the upper layer side of the stacked portion 20a.
The stacked portion 20a includes a plurality of conductive layers 21a stacked to be apart from each other in the direction Z. Specifically, the stacked portion 20a has a structure in which conductive layers 21a and insulating layers 22a are stacked alternately in the direction Z.
The stacked portion 20b includes a plurality of conductive layers 21b stacked to be apart from each other in the direction Z. Specifically, the stacked portion 20b has a structure in which conductive layers 21b and insulating layers 22b are stacked alternately in the direction Z.
Note that, hereinafter, the conductive layers 21a and the conductive layers 21b may be referred to as conductive layers 21, and the insulating layers 22a and the insulating layers 22b may be referred to as insulating layers 22.
Each conductive layer 21 functions as a word line or a select gate line for a NAND string, and each insulating layer 22 has a function to insulate adjacent conductive layers 21. The conductive layer 21 is formed of a metal material such as tungsten, and the insulating layer 22 is formed of an insulative material such as silicon oxide. One or more conductive layers 21a including the lowermost conductive layer 21a function as a lower select gate line, and one or more conductive layers 21b including the uppermost conductive layer 21b function as an upper select gate line. Furthermore, a plurality of conductive layers 21 provided between one or more conductive layers 21a including the lowermost conductive layer 21a and one or more conductive layers 21b including the uppermost conductive layer 21b function as word lines.
The stacked portion 20a has an end portion 20E1 stepwise processed along the direction X, and the stacked portion 20b has an end portion 20E2 arranged beside the end portion 20E1 in the direction X and stepwise processed along the direction X. The end portions 20E1 and 20E2 are each defined by a plurality of steps. Each step is defined by a rising portion which is substantially parallel to the direction Z and a terrace portion (terrace surface) extending substantially parallel to an XY plane (plane perpendicular to the direction Z) from the upper end of the rising portion. The end portion 20E1 is defined by a plurality of rising portions of the stacked portion 20a and a plurality of terrace portions of the stacked portion 20a (excluding the uppermost terrace portion of the stacked portion 20a). The end portion 20E2 is defined by a plurality of rising portions of the stacked portion 20b and a plurality of terrace portions of the stacked portion 20b (excluding the uppermost terrace portion of the stacked portion 20b).
Note that, in
Each of the pillar structures 30 extends in the stacked body 20 along the direction Z and includes a semiconductor layer extending along the direction Z. Each pillar structure 30 includes a pillar portion 30a extending in the stacked portion 20a along the direction Z and a pillar portion 30b extending in the stacked portion 20b along the direction Z.
Each pillar structure 30 is surrounded by a plurality of conductive layers 21 and a plurality of insulating layers 22, and a NAND string is formed with the pillar structure 30 and the conductive layers 21 surrounding the pillar structure 30. Specifically, a memory cell is formed with the conductive layer 21 functioning as a word line and a portion of the pillar structure 30 surrounded by the conductive layer 21 functioning as the word line. Furthermore, a select transistor is formed with the conductive layer 21 functioning as the select gate line and a portion of the pillar structure 30 surrounded by the conductive layer 21 functioning as the select gate line.
A pillar structure 30 includes a semiconductor layer 31, tunnel insulating layer 32, charge storage layer 33, block insulating layer 34, and core insulating layer 35. Both pillar portions 30a and 30b have the structure shown in
Each of the partition structures 40 extends in the directions X and Z in the stacked body 20, and the stacked body 20 is partitioned into a plurality of portions in the direction Y by the partition structures 40. Each portion of the stacked body 20 partitioned by the partition structures 40 forms one block which is a data erase unit, for example. A level of the upper surface of each of the partition structures 40 in the height direction is substantially the same as a level of the lower surface of each stopper insulating layer 62 in the height direction, which will be described later.
The interlayer insulating layer 51 covers an end portion 20E1 of the stacked portion 20a. Further, the interlayer insulating layer 52 is provided on the upper layer side of the interlayer insulating layer 51 and covers an end portion 20E2 of the stacked portion 20b. The interlayer insulating layers 51 and 52 are formed of silicon oxide containing silicon and oxygen.
The stopper insulating layer 61 includes stopper portions 61a, 61b, and 61c provided continuously, and is not provided between the stacked portion 20a and the stacked portion 20b. The stopper insulating layer 61 is formed of a material with a main component which is different from that of a material of the interlayer insulating layer 51 and that of a material of the interlayer insulating layer 52. Specifically, the stopper insulating layer 61 is formed of silicon nitride containing silicon and nitrogen.
The stopper portion 61a is provided between the interlayer insulating layer 51 and the interlayer insulating layer 52 and above the end portion 20E1 of the stacked portion 20a (specifically, vertically above the entirety of the end portion 20E1 in the direction X except a portion at which the contact 81a penetrates), and the entirety of the stopper portion 61a extends flat along the X-Y plane (plane perpendicular to the direction Z). That is, the stopper portion 61a crosses a plurality of steps of the end portion 20E1, and the entirety of the stopper portion 61a is provided flat along the upper surface of the flattened interlayer insulating layer 51 without a step.
The stopper portion 61b is provided, between the end portion 20E1 and the end portion 20E2 arranged beside each other in the X direction, from the stopper portion 61a continuously so as to be opposed to the uppermost surface of the stacked portion 20a in the direction Z. As seen from the direction Z, a boundary between the stopper portion 61a and the stopper portion 61b corresponds to the position of the uppermost rising portion of the end portion 20E1.
The stopper portion 61c is provided between the interlayer insulating layer 51 and the interlayer insulating layer 52 and is provided continuously from the stopper portion 61a. As seen from the direction Z, the stopper portion 61c is provided outside the end portion 20E1, and a boundary between the stopper portion 61a and the stopper portion 61c corresponds to the position of the lowermost rising portion of the end portion 20E1.
In the present embodiment, the entirety of the stopper insulating layer 61 has a flat shape along the X-Y plane without a step. Further, as seen from the direction Z, the stopper insulating layer 61 is provided between partition structures 40 adjacent to each other so as to be apart from the partition structures 40 adjacent to each other.
The stopper insulating layer 62 includes stopper portions 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, 62e, and 62f continuously provided. The stopper portions 62a, 62b, 62c, 62d, and 62f are provided in the stairs region 200, and the stopper portion 62e is provided in the memory region 100. The stopper insulating layer 62 is formed of a material with a main component which is different from that of a material of the interlayer insulating layer 51 and that of a material of the interlayer insulating layer 52. Specifically, the stopper insulating layer 62 is formed of the same material of the stopper insulating layer 61, that is, silicon nitride containing silicon and nitrogen.
The stopper portion 62a is provided on the upper layer side of the interlayer insulating layer 52 and above the end portion 20E2 of the stacked portion 20b (specifically, vertically above the entirety of the end portion 20E2 except a portion at which the contact 82a penetrates). The entirety of the stopper portion 62a has a flat shape without a step, and crosses a plurality of steps of the end portion 20E2.
The stopper portion 62b is provided continuously from the stopper portion 62a so as to be opposed to the uppermost surface of the stacked portion 20b in the direction Z.
The stopper portion 62c is provided on the upper layer side of the interlayer insulating layer 52 and above the end portion 20E1 of the stacked portion 20a (specifically, vertically above the entirety of the end portion 20E1 except a portion at which the contact 81a penetrates).
The stopper portion 62d is provided on the upper layer side of the interlayer insulating layer 52 and between the stopper portion 62a and the stopper portion 62c.
The stopper portion 62e is provided continuously from the stopper portion 62b so as to be opposed to the uppermost surface of the stacked portion 20b in the direction Z.
The stopper portion 62f is provided continuously from the stopper portion 62c on the upper layer side of the interlayer insulating layer 52, and is provided outside the end portion 20E1 as seen from the direction Z.
As seen from the direction Z, the boundary between the stopper portion 62a and the stopper portion 62b corresponds to a position of the uppermost rising portion of the end portion 20E2 of the stacked portion 20b. As seen from the direction Z, the boundary between the stopper portion 62a and the stopper portion 62d corresponds to a position of the lowermost rising portion of the end portion 20E2. As seen from the direction Z, the boundary between the stopper portion 62c and the stopper portion 62d corresponds to a position of the uppermost rising portion of the end portion 20E1 of the stacked portion 20a. As seen from the direction Z, the boundary between the stopper portion 62c and the stopper portion 62f corresponds to a position of the lowermost rising portion of the end portion 20E1. As seen from the direction Z, the boundary between the stopper portion 62b and the stopper portion 62e corresponds to the boundary between the memory region 100 and the stairs region 200.
In the present embodiment, the entirety of the stopper insulating layer 62 has a flat shape along the X-Y plane without a step. Further, as seen from the direction Z, the entirety of the pattern of the stopper insulating layer 61 is located inside the pattern of the stopper insulating layer 62.
The insulating layer 71 includes a portion provided on the interlayer insulating layer 51, portion provided on the uppermost terrace portion of the stacked portion 20a, and portion provided on the end portion 20E2 of the stacked portion 20b, and is formed of silicon oxide. The stopper insulating layer 61 is provided on the insulating layer 71. Thus, the stopper insulating layer 61 is provided between the interlayer insulating layer 52 and the insulating layer 71.
The insulating layer 72 includes a portion provided on the interlayer insulating layer 52 and a portion provided on the uppermost surface of the stacked portion 20b. The stopper insulating layer 62 is provided on the insulating layer 72, and the insulating layer 73 is provided on the stopper insulating layer 62. Thus, the stopper insulating layer 62 is provided between the insulating layers 72 and 73. The insulating layer 74 is provided on the insulating layer 73. The insulating layers 72, 73, and 74 are formed of silicon oxide.
Contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b are connected to corresponding conductive layers 21 of the stacked body 20, and control signals are supplied to corresponding conductive layers 21 from the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b.
A plurality of contacts 81a are connected to a plurality of conductive layers 21a of the stacked portion 20a, respectively, except the uppermost conductive layer 21a. Specifically, the plurality of contacts 81a penetrate the insulating layer 74, insulating layer 73, stopper portion 62c of the stopper insulating layer 62, insulating layer 72, interlayer insulating layer 52, stopper portion 61a of the stopper insulating layer 61, insulating layer 71, interlayer insulating layer 51, and different insulating layers 22a of a plurality of insulating layers 22a, and are connected to different conductive layers 21a of the plurality of conductive layers 21a.
A contact 81b is connected to the uppermost conductive layer 21a of a plurality of conductive layers 21a of the stacked portion 20a. Specifically, the contact 81b penetrates the insulating layer 74, insulating layer 73, stopper portion 62d of the stopper insulating layer 62, insulating layer 72, interlayer insulating layer 52, stopper portion 61b of the stopper insulating layer 61, insulating layer 71, and uppermost insulating layer 22a of the stacked portion 20a, and connected to the uppermost conductive layer 21a of the stacked portion 20a. That is, the contact 81b, different from the contact 81a, does not penetrate the interlayer insulating layer 51.
A plurality of contacts 82a are connected to a plurality of conductive layers 21b of the stacked portion 20b, respectively, except the uppermost conductive layer 21b. Specifically, the plurality of contacts 82a penetrate the insulating layer 74, insulating layer 73, stopper portion 62a of the stopper insulating layer 62, insulating layer 72, interlayer insulating layer 52, insulating layer 71 and different insulating layers 22b of a plurality of insulating layers 22b and are connected to different conductive layers 21b of the plurality of conductive layers 21b. Thus, the plurality the contacts 82a do not penetrate the stopper insulating layer 61.
A contact 82b is connected to the uppermost conductive layer 21b of a plurality of conductive layers 21b of the stacked portion 20b. Specifically, the contact 82b penetrates the insulating layer 74, insulating layer 73, stopper portion 62b of the stopper insulating layer 62, insulating layer 72 and the uppermost insulating layer 22b of the stacked portion 20b and is connected to the uppermost conductive layer 21b of the stacked portion 20b. That is, the contact 82b, different from the contact 82a, does not penetrate the interlayer insulating layer 52.
Levels of the upper ends of the aforementioned contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b in the height direction are substantially identical with one another. That is, levels of the upper ends of the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b in the height direction are substantially the same as a level of the upper surface of the insulating layer 74.
A plurality of contacts 83 are connected to semiconductor layers 31 in a plurality of pillar structures 30, respectively, and signals are transmitted/received between the pillar structure 30 and the bit line (which is not shown) (between the NAND string and the bit line) through the contact 83.
The plurality of contacts 83 penetrate the insulating layer 73, stopper portion 62e of the stopper insulating layer 62 and insulating layer 72 and are connected to the semiconductor layers 31 of different pillar structures 30 of a plurality of pillar structures 30, respectively. In the present embodiment, the contacts 83 do not penetrate the insulating layer 74. Thus, levels of the upper ends of the contacts 83 in the height direction are lower than levels of the upper ends of the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b in the height direction.
Now, a manufacturing method of the semiconductor memory device of the present embodiment will be explained with reference to cross-sectional views of
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Then, a silicon nitride layer as a stopper insulating layer 62 is formed on the structure where the insulating layer 72 and the partition structure 40 are formed. Furthermore, a silicon oxide layer as an insulating layer 73 is formed on the stopper insulating layer 62. Then, a plurality of contact holes are formed in the insulating layer 72, stopper insulating layer 62, and insulating layer 73, and the contact holes are filled with a conductive material to form contacts 83. Specifically, the insulating layer 73 is etched using the stopper insulating layer 62 as a stopper, and then the stopper insulating layer 62 is etched using a different etching gas. Furthermore, a layer on the lower layer side of the stopper insulating layer 62 is etched to reach the contact holes to corresponding pillar structure 30, and then, the contacts 83 are formed in the contact holes.
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Through the above processes, contact holes H10a including holes H11a, H12a, and H13a, and contact holes H10b including holes H12b, and H13b are obtained.
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As above, in the present embodiment, the stopper insulating layer 61 including the stopper portion 61a is provided. Thus, contacts can be properly formed as described below.
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In the present embodiment, with the stopper insulating layer 61 used as an etching stopper, the interlayer insulating layer 52 is etched, and then, the interlayer insulating layer 51 is etched, thereby forming the contact holes H10a. Thus, when performing the etching of the interlayer insulating layer 51 to form the contact holes H10a, by performing etching of the interlayer insulating layer 52 to form the contact holes H10b, such exceeding progress of etching in the part in which the contact holes H10b are formed can be suppressed. Thus, in the present embodiment, the contact holes H10a and H10b can be properly formed, and the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b can be properly formed.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the stacked body 20 includes stacked portions 20a and 20b. When forming a stacked body 20 including stacked portions 20a and 20b, before forming a stacked portion 20b, a flattened interlayer insulating layer 51 covering the end portion 20E1 of the stacked portion 20a is formed. In the present embodiment, the stopper insulating layer 61 is formed on the flattened interlayer insulating layer 51, and thus, the flattened stopper insulating layer 61 can be formed without complicated processes.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the stopper insulating layer 62 is provided in addition to the stopper insulating layer 61, and thus, as shown in
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the stopper portion 62e of the stopper insulating layer 62 is provided to be opposed to the uppermost surface of the stacked portion 20b in the memory region 100 in the direction Z, and thus, when performing etching with respect to the layer on the upper layer side of the pillar structures 30 in the process of
Note that, in the present embodiment, lithography process is performed twice to form the contact holes H10a. That is, the resist pattern R12 with the openings O12a is formed in the process of
As can be understood from the above, even if an alignment shift occurs, the aforementioned advantage of the embodiment can be achieved.
Note that, the above-described manufacturing method is an example, and it can be modified by inserting another process between the aforementioned processes, omitting part of the processes, unifying some processes together, and changing the order of the processes. In such a modification, for example, the stopper portion 61a of the stopper insulating layer 61 may be partially penetrated by a support pillar portion (which is not shown) or the like supporting the structure with a plurality of spaces in the replacement process.
Now, a second embodiment will be described. Note that, the basic elements are similar to those of the first embodiment, and the description of the elements explained in the first embodiment will be omitted.
In the present embodiment, a stopper insulating layer 61 includes, in addition to stopper portions 61a, 61b, and 61c, a stopper portion 61d provided along an end portion 20E2 of a stacked portion 20b. The stopper portions 61a, 61b, 61c, and 61d are provided continuously. Thus, in the present embodiment, a plurality of contacts 82a penetrate the stopper portion 61d in addition to the structure of the first embodiment.
Furthermore, the semiconductor memory device of the present embodiment further includes a stopper insulating layer 63 provided along an end portion 20E1 of a stacked portion 20a and an insulating layer 75 provided between the end portion 20E1 and the stopper insulating layer 63. Thus, in the present embodiment, a plurality of contacts 81a penetrate the stopper insulating layer 63 and the insulating layer 75 in addition to the structure of the first embodiment.
The stopper insulating layer 63 is formed of a material with a main component which is different from that of the material of the interlayer insulating layer 51 and that of the material of the interlayer insulating layer 52. Specifically, the stopper insulating layer 63 is formed of the same material used for the stopper insulating layers 61 and 62, that is, silicon nitride containing silicon and nitrogen. The insulating layer 75 is formed of silicon oxide.
Now, a manufacturing method of the semiconductor memory device of the present embodiment will be explained with reference to cross-sectional views of
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As above, the contact holes H20a including holes H21a, H22a, and H23a and the contact holes H20b including holes H22b and H23b are obtained.
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As can be understood from the above, the basic structure of the present embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment, and thus, the advantage similar to that of the first embodiment can be achieved.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, in addition to the structure of the first embodiment, the stopper portion 61d of the stopper insulating layer 61 and the stopper insulating layer 63 are provided. Thus, in the present embodiment, the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b can be further precisely formed.
Now, a third embodiment will be explained. Note that, the basic elements are similar to those of the first embodiment, and thus, the description of the elements explained in the first embodiment will be omitted.
In the present embodiment, a stopper insulating layer 62 is not provided above an end portion 20E1 of a stacked portion 20a through a stopper insulating layer 61. That is, the stopper insulating layer 62 is not provided vertically above the stopper insulating layer 61. Thus, in the present embodiment, contacts 82a and 82b penetrate the stopper insulating layer 62 while contacts 81a and 81b do not penetrate the stopper insulating layer 62.
The stopper insulating layer 62 includes stopper portions 62a, 62b, 62e, and 62g. The stopper portions 62a, 62b, and 62e are similar to the stopper portions 62a, 62b, and 62e of the first embodiment. The stopper portion 62g is, as seen from the direction Z, provided outside an end portion 20E2 of the stacked portion 20b.
Now, a manufacturing method of the semiconductor memory device of the present embodiment will be explained with reference to cross-sectional views of
Initially, processes similar to those shown in
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Thus, contact holes H30a including holes H31a and H32a and contact holes H30b including holes H31b and H32b are obtained.
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As can be understood from the above, the basic structure of the present embodiment is similar to that of the first embodiment, and thus, the advantage similar to that of the first embodiment can be achieved.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the stopper insulating layer 62 is not provided vertically above the stopper insulating layer 61, and the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b penetrates only one of the stopper insulating layers 61 and 62. Thus, a lithography process to form the contact holes H30a and H30b may be performed once in
Now, a fourth embodiment will be explained. Note that, the basic elements are similar to those of the first and third embodiments, and thus, the description of the elements explained in the first and third embodiments will be omitted.
In the aforementioned first, second, and third embodiments, the level of the upper end of the contact 83 in the height direction is lower than the level of the upper ends of the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b in the height direction; however, in the present embodiment, the level of the upper end of the contact 83 in the height direction is substantially the same as the level of the upper ends of the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b in the height direction.
Now, a manufacturing method of the semiconductor memory device of the present embodiment will be explained with reference to cross-sectional views of
Initially, processes similar to those of
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As above, the contact holes H40a including holes H41a and H42a, the contact holes H40b including holes H41b and H42b, and the contact holes H40c are obtained.
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As can be understood from the above, the basic structure of the present embodiment is similar to those of the first and third embodiments, and thus, the advantage similar to those of the first and third embodiments can be achieved.
Furthermore, in the present embodiment, the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, 82b, and 83 can be formed in the common process in the contact holes H40a, H40b, and H40c, and the level of the upper ends of the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, 82b, and 83 can be set substantially the same.
The structures of above-described first to fourth embodiments may be arbitrarily combined. For example, a structure of the third embodiment (the stopper insulating layer 62 is not provided vertically above the stopper insulating layer 61) may be applied to the structure of the second embodiment. Furthermore, a structure of the fourth embodiment (the level of the contact 83 in the height direction is substantially the same as the level of the contacts 81a, 81b, 82a, and 82b in the height direction) may be applied to the structure of the first or second embodiment.
While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel devices and methods described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modification as would fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2022-203724 | Dec 2022 | JP | national |