Patent Application
20180366299
The present invention relates to a simple and environment-friendly production equipment for carbon nano-materials for nano-products, such as graphene and fullerene.
Carbon nano-material is a fibrous nano-carbon material which is made of a multi-layer graphite sheet. It is a one-dimensional carbon material between carbon nano-tubes and ordinary carbon fiber. It has a high crystal orientation, good conductivity and heat conduction performance. The carbon nano-material has the characteristics of low density, high specific modulus, high specific strength, high electrical conductivity and thermal stability of ordinary carbon fiber grown by chemical vapor deposition, so it is widely used in aerospace, transportation, sports and leisure products, as well as medical, mechanical and textile industries. The existing carbon nano-material preparation equipment mainly comprises chemical vapor deposition equipment, electro-spinning equipment and solid phase synthesis equipment. However, the structure of the carbon nano-material preparation device is relatively complicated and the cost is relatively high, so the surrounding environment is easily contaminated during processing. The existing production methods of nano materials in the streets are divided into electric arc method, chemical stripping method and mechanical stripping method. The electric arc method ionizes a carbon material through an electric arc. The method produces the isotope of nano-carbons, costing too much in electricity and energy, so it is not suitable for industrialization. The chemical stripping method oxidizes carbon into an oxide, and uses other chemicals to extract oxygen molecules, leaving the isotope of carbon. The method is easy to cause a heavy pollution to the environment and water, leaving too many impurities in the isotope with poor quality. Despite the most opportunity of volume production, it fails to meet the standard. The primitive carbon is stripped layer-by-layer by a mechanical method to obtain the isotope of carbon, known as a mechanical stripping method. This method is complicated and has a high cost but low efficiency, so it is not suitable for volume production.
In view of the defects of the prior art, the technical objective of the present invention is to provide a simple and environment-friendly preparation equipment, which is low in cost and energy consumption, and is environment-friendly and suitable for volume production of carbon nano-materials.
In order to achieve the above technical objective, the present invention provides a simple and environment-friendly production equipment for carbon nano-materials, comprising a short-circuit generator and an AC/DC (alternating current/direct current) rectifier connected to the short-circuit generator, wherein: a carbon nano vacuum device for producing carbon nano-materials is connected with two output ends of the AC/DC rectifier, and a carbon nano controller for controlling the carbon nano vacuum device is arranged on the carbon nano vacuum device.
According to the technical features mainly mentioned above, the carbon nano vacuum device comprises a vacuum box, a first feeder, a first graphite rod, a second feeder, a second graphite rod, a nano-material collector and a graphite cover, wherein: the first graphite rod is mounted on an upper end of the first feeder, the second graphite rod is mounted on an upper end of the second feeder, the first feeder and the second feeder are arranged in parallel, the first graphite rod and the second graphite rod are arranged in parallel and respectively connected to the AC/DC rectifier; the nano-material collector is mounted between the first feeder and the second feeder, and located at a lower end of a junction of the first graphite rod and the second graphite rod; a lower end of the graphite cover is mounted on an upper end of the nano-material collector, and an upper end or a middle portion of the graphite cover is located at a junction of a second end of the first graphite rod and a second end of the second graphite rod, so that the graphite cover connects the junction of the second end of the first graphite rod and the second end of the second graphite rod with the upper end of the nano-material collector to form a closed space; all of the first graphite rod, the second graphite rod, the first feeder, the second feeder, the graphite cover and the nano-material collector are arranged inside the vacuum box.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the carbon nano vacuum device for producing the carbon nano-materials is connected with the two output ends of the AC/DC rectifier, and the carbon nano controller for controlling the carbon nano vacuum device is arranged on the carbon nano vacuum device. An alternate current is generated by the short-circuit generator and then is rectified into a direct-current power supply through the AC/DC rectifier to provide a power supply for the first graphite rod and the second graphite rod in the same direction, so as to generate a high-voltage electric arc at the junction of the first graphite rod and the second graphite rod, and plasma ionization is conducted on substances on the graphite rods through the high-voltage electric arc, so that carbon atoms in the graphite rods are decomposed, and carbon nano-materials are separated out and collected into the carbon nano collector through the graphite cover. Compared with the prior art, the simple and environment-friendly production equipment for carbon nano-materials provided by the present invention has advantages of simple structure and low cost. Moreover, the whole carbon nano-material production process is completed in the closed space of the graphite cover, and no gas is exhausted to an exterior of the graphite cover, thus the environmental friendliness effect is achieved. In addition, the manufacturing method of the present invention is suitable for volume production.
In order to more clearly understand technical problems to be solved, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to accompanying drawings and embodiments as follows. It should be understood that specific embodiments described herein are only to illustrate rather than to limit the present invention.
As shown in
The carbon nano vacuum device comprises a vacuum box 4, a first feeder 5, a first graphite rod 6, a second feeder 7, a second graphite rod 8, a nano-material collector 9, and a graphite cover 10, wherein: the first graphite rod 6 is mounted on an upper end of the first feeder 5, the second graphite rod 8 is mounted on an upper end of the second feeder 7, the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7 are arranged in parallel, the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8 are arranged in parallel and are respectively connected to the AC/DC rectifier 2; the nano-material collector 9 is mounted between the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7, and located at a lower end of a junction of the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8; a lower end of the graphite cover 10 is mounted on an upper end of the nano-material collector 9, and an upper end or a middle portion of the graphite cover 10 is located at a junction of a second end of the first graphite rod 6 and a second end of the second graphite rod 8, so that the graphite cover 10 connects the junction of the second end of the first graphite rod 6 and the second end of the second graphite rod 8 with the upper end of the nano-material collector 9 to form a closed space; all of the first graphite rod 6, the second graphite rod 8, the first feeder 5, the second feeder 7, the graphite cover 10 and the nano-material collector 9 are arranged inside the vacuum box 4. Being of a magnetic current open type, the short-circuit generator 1 has an inductive circuit flowing in a clockwise direction and comprises a double iron-core inductive coil set.
Two input ends of the AC/DC rectifier 2 are respectively mounted at both ends of the short-circuit generator 1, the carbon nano vacuum device is connected to two output ends of the AC/DC rectifier 2, and the carbon nano controller 3 is mounted on the carbon nano vacuum device. A first end of the first graphite rod 6 is connected to a positive end of the AC/DC rectifier 2, and a first end of the second graphite rod 8 is connected to a negative end of the AC/DC rectifier 2. The first feeder 5 is mounted at the lower end of the first graphite rod 6, and the second feeder 7 is mounted at the lower end of the second graphite rod 8; the graphite cover 10 is connected with the upper end of the nano-material collector 9, and the nano-material collector 9 is mounted between the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 78. Two ends of the carbon nano-controller 3 are respectively connected with the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7.
An output end of the short-circuit generator 1 outputs a high-voltage alternate current (AC) of about 1500 v to 2000 v, and the high-voltage AC is converted into a direct current (DC) through the AC/DC rectifier 2, the DC is respectively connected to the first end of the graphite rod 6 and the first end of the second graphite rod 8 inside the vacuum box 4. The first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8 are respectively pushed by the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7, and the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7 are subjected to the control of the carbon nano controller 3. When a distance between a second end of the first graphite rod 6 and a second end of the second graphite rod 8 is in a range of 2 mm and 10 mm, a high-voltage electric arc is generated between the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8, and plasma ionization is conducted on substances on the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8 through the high-voltage electric arc, so that carbon atoms on the surface of the graphite rods are decomposed and then recombined into new carbon nano-materials. The graphite cover 10 covers the high-voltage electric arc like a lampshade, and all the new carbon nano-materials generated under the action of the high-voltage electric arc are collected and stored inside the nano-material collector 9.
The vacuum box 4 maintains a vacuum of more than 2 Torr to ensure that a purity of a product to be produced meets requirements. A size of the electric arc generated between the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8 can be adjusted, and the distance between the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8 can control the size of the electric arc; in addition, after the electric arc is generated between the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8, a voltage between the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8 drops to only 50 v to 250 v, a current therebetween is 2.5 A and a power consumption therebetween is 125 wh to 625 wh, thus reducing the cost of production.
In the present embodiment, the short-circuit generator 1 is a double iron-core inductive coil electric arc generator. The AC/DC rectifier 2 is configured to control the carbon nano vacuum device for producing carbon isotope nano-materials. A stator of the generator is a double iron-core inductive coil set, wherein a distance between two iron cores larger than a width of the magnet, a magnetic circuit is an open-circuit, an induced current flows in a clockwise direction; and a mover of the generator is a magnet set. An air pressure of the vacuum box 4 is drawn to −2 Torr to 6 Torr. The first feeder 5, the first graphite rod 6, the second feeder 7, the second graphite rod 8, the nano-material collector 9, and the graphite cover 10 are mounted inside the vacuum box 4, and the high-voltage electric arc is generated at the junction of the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8. The first feeder used for controlling the first graphite rod 6 and the second feeder used for controlling the second graphite rod 8 ensure the stable high-voltage electric arc at the junction of the two graphite rods, and can issue a siren to protect the equipment safety when the high-voltage electric arc is abnormal.
The stator of the generator is the double iron-core inductive coil set, wherein the distance between the two iron cores is larger than a width of the magnet, the magnetic circuit is the open-circuit, the induced current flows in the clockwise direction; and the mover of the generator is the magnet set. This is the central design in this embodiment: the output ends of the generator designed in this way can be directly short-circuited and the generator is not burned, so it is easy to generate the high-voltage electric arc and the energy consumption is very low. Therefore, a power supply produced by the generator makes the manufacture of carbon nano-materials simple and environment-friendly, the production equipment is extremely simple and low-cost, and the cost of energy for production is very low. In this embodiment, the production of the materials requires the generation of an arc of only 125 W and the production of one gram of carbon nano-materials requires only 1 kW/h of electric energy.
The AC/DC rectifier 2 is connected to the double iron-core inductive coil electric arc generator, the carbon nano vacuum device for producing the carbon nano-materials is connected with the output ends of the AC/DC rectifier 2, and the carbon nano controller 3 for controlling the carbon nano vacuum device is arranged on the carbon nano vacuum device. The nano-material collector 9 is mounted between the first feeder 5 and the second feeder 7, and located at the lower end of the junction of the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8; the lower end of the graphite cover 10 is mounted on the upper end of the nano-material collector 9, and the upper end or the middle portion of the graphite cover 10 is located at the junction of the second end of the first graphite rod 6 and the second end of the second graphite rod 8, so that the graphite cover 10 connects the junction of the second end of the first graphite rod 6 and the second end of the second graphite rod 8 with the upper end of the nano-material collector 9 to form the closed space. All of the first graphite rod 6, the second graphite rod 8, the first feeder 5, the second feeder 7, the graphite cover 10 and the nano-material collector 9 are located inside the vacuum box. The characteristics of the double iron-core inductive coil electric arc generator make the manufacturing of carbon nano-materials economical and environment-friendly. In addition, the manufacturing method provided by the embodiment is suitable for volume production.
The double iron-core inductive coil shown in
The double iron-core inductive coil set comprises four independent double iron-core inductive coils. Each double iron-core inductive coil induces currents in a clockwise flow, so each double iron-core inductive coil can be regarded as an independent power supply, and four independent double iron-core inductive coils can be connected in series or in parallel to meet different design requirements.
To sum up, the carbon nano vacuum device for producing carbon nano-materials is connected with the output ends of the AC/DC rectifier 2, and the carbon nano controller 3 for controlling the carbon nano vacuum device is arranged on the carbon nano vacuum device. An alternate current is generated by the short-circuit generator 1 and then is rectified into a direct-current power supply through the AC/DC rectifier 2 to provide a power supply for the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8 in the same direction, so as to generate the high-voltage electric arc at the junction of the first graphite rod 6 and the second graphite rod 8, and the plasma ionization is conducted on substances on the graphite rods through the high-voltage electric arc, so that carbon atoms in the graphite rods are decomposed, and carbon nano-materials are separated out and collected into the nano-material collector 9 through the graphite cover. Compared with the prior art, the simple and environment-friendly production equipment for carbon nano-materials provided by the present invention has the advantages of simple structure and low cost. The whole carbon nano-material production process is completed in the closed space of the graphite cover 10, and no gas is exhausted to the outside, thus the environmental friendliness effect is achieved. In addition, the manufacturing method of the present invention is suitable for volume production.
The foregoing is only preferred embodiments of the present invention as shown in the drawings and not intended to limit the protective scope of the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
