This invention relates generally to media systems and, more particularly, to enhanced media systems that allow users to surf content.
Current media systems, including, for example, television, audio, and gaming systems, allow users to access a wide array of media content. This content may include movies, television programs, music, news, interactive applications (e.g., interactive games), Internet resources (e.g., website, newsgroups, chatrooms), and any other media content capable of being presented on user equipment. The content may be presented on hundreds of on-demand and broadcast channels, as well as from attached storage devices.
However, current media systems are susceptible to delays when navigating through the wide array of available media content. For example, a user may experience a delay of over a second when changing channels on typical user equipment, including digital and analog television equipment. As another example, a delay of several seconds is common when browsing through available content stored on a digital video recorder or attached recording device. These delays may be due, at least in part, to the time it takes the user equipment to decode the media content or broadcast stream.
To help facilitate content navigation, some media systems provide one or more interactive applications, such as an interactive media guidance application, to more easily browse the wide array of available content. The interactive media guidance application may present a grid display to the user containing media content listings. The listings may be part of a comprehensive interactive media guide, allowing the user to see what content is accessible, on what channel, and at what time.
Some users, however, may be unaware of the existence of the media guide or may prefer to surf the actual channels rather than a media guide listing. These users may become frustrated by the frequent delays associated with changing channels and accessing content. The delays are even more vexing when the user is trying to surf quickly in one direction.
Accordingly, it is desirable to provide systems and methods for accelerating content switching in media systems. The systems and methods may reduce the delays associated with content navigation by implementing a content surf sequence.
These and other objects are accomplished in accordance with the principles of the present invention by providing enhanced user equipment configured to reduce content switching delays. In one embodiment, when the user equipment detects a content surf request, one or more frames of the next content selection may be stored to the user equipment. The user equipment may then immediately tune to the content selection after the next content selection while concurrently displaying the previously stored one or more frames. This pipeline tuning sequence may be repeated for subsequent content selections until the user has terminated the content surf request.
In some embodiments, the enhanced user equipment may include more than one tuner input. In these embodiments, the tuner inputs may be involved in a round-robin pipeline tuning process, whereby the tuner inputs may take turns tuning to the next content selection in the direction of the content surf.
In some embodiments, content selections may be additionally or alternatively skipped in the direction of the content surf. For example, the user equipment may skip every N content selections, whereby N may be a user-programmable value. The user equipment may then tune to only every Nth content selection. In some of these embodiments, only the first one or more frames of the Nth selection are stored in memory on the user equipment, and a pipeline tune is implemented. The one or more frames of the Nth selection may be displayed to the user while concurrently tuning to the next (e.g., N+Nth) content selection.
The enhanced user equipment may also provide content suggestions to the user while content surfing. After a user has been content surfing for a user or system-specified period of time, a minimally-intrusive menu of content suggestions may be presented to the user. This menu may contain content listings for media that is currently (or shortly) accessible by the user equipment. In addition, the suggested content listings may be chosen based, at least in part, on user preferences, user profile data, user behavior, or user history. In addition to presenting a listing of content suggestions, each content listing in the menu may be associated with a quick dial number or link to the actual content. When a user inputs the quick dial number or selects the link, the user equipment may automatically present the corresponding content on the user equipment.
In some embodiments, hints to more efficiently navigate content are presented to the user when a user enters a content surf. The hints may include instructions on use of an interactive media guidance application or details of the search system operation. In some embodiments, the hints appear in the flip bar area or as unobtrusive overlays that do not interfere with the content surf.
In some embodiments, a stored graphic, video, or digital audio may be presented to the user while the user is content surfing. This stored content may include low resolution content stored in a circular buffer that emulates a fast tuning sequence while the user surfs to new content. In some embodiments, the user equipment may also anticipate the user's ultimate landing channel or content based on, at least in part, user preferences, user profile data, user behavior (e.g., the intensity or frequency of the up/down channeling), or user history.
The enhanced user equipment may also present advertising while the user is content surfing. Advertising may include locally-stored images, graphics, text, and video with links to purchase order forms, websites, and more information related to the product or service being advertised. Advertisements may be presented to the user in an unobtrusive manner so as to not interfere with the content surf.
In some embodiments, one or more thumbnail windows containing still frames, box art, video clip loops, or live video of one or more recently tuned channels or content may be presented to the user while content surfing. The thumbnail windows may represent a visual map of where the user has paused during the current content surf. If more than one tuner is available in the user equipment, live video of the user's most recently paused on channels or content may be presented to the user in the thumbnail windows until the user terminates the content surf. In some embodiments, a user may select any thumbnail window to return to the previously paused on content and terminate the content surf. Additionally or alternatively, a menu listing of the user's most recently paused on channels or content may be presented to the user with quick dial numbers associated with each content entry in the menu. When the user inputs a quick dial number, the corresponding content may be automatically presented to the user.
The above and other features of the present invention, its nature and various advantages will be more apparent upon consideration of the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, and in which:
The systems and methods of the present invention are directed toward more efficient content surfing in media systems. Although the embodiments described below may refer to channel switching in broadcast digital or analog television systems, it is to be clearly understood that the systems and methods of the invention may be used with any suitable video or audio content (e.g., on-demand or recorded content) and in any suitable media system (e.g., satellite, on-demand, and IPTV system). As used herein, content or channel “surfing” refers to quickly progressing through a series of content selections or channels (e.g., a quick progression up or down through a number of channels whether or not those channels are contiguous).
As also used herein, the term “tune” or “tuning” refers to the preparation of acquisition of a specific content stream or content selection accessible by the user equipment. For traditional analog television systems, tuning may include acquiring or locking onto a particular channel carrier frequency. For digital television systems, tuning may include demodulating the digital carrier frequency, FEC decoding the demodulated transport stream (TS), demultiplexing the transport stream, and extracting particular packet identifier (PID) streams. For IPTV, tuning may include opening an IP socket and joining a particular multicast group. For recorded content, tuning may include locating the content on one or more storage device (e.g., by reading FAT information).
Content source 130 may be any suitable content source such as, for example, a cable system headend, satellite television distribution facility, television broadcast facility, on-demand server (e.g., video-on-demand (VOD) server), Web server, game service provider (e.g., for local or online gaming), Internet or network access node, or any other suitable facility or system for originating or distributing passive or interactive media content to user equipment 102. Media content that may be provided by content source 130 to user equipment 102 may include broadcast television programming, VOD programming, music, news, interactive applications (e.g., interactive games), Internet resources and web services (e.g., websites, newsgroups, and chatrooms), and any other media content capable of being displayed, presented to, recorded, or interacted with, using user equipment 102.
Content source 130 and data sources 140 may be configured to transmit signals to user equipment 102 over any suitable communications paths 150 and 152, including, for example, satellite paths, fiber-optic paths, cable paths, or any other suitable wired or wireless paths. The signals may be transmitted as a broadcast, switched broadcast, multicast, unicast, or any other suitable transmission stream. Content source 130 may also include control circuitry 132 for performing operations on the signals transmitted by the content source, such as, for example, generating new signals or communicating with user equipment 102 to provide on-demand content and related functionality.
User equipment 102 may receive interactive application data from one or more of data sources 140 and content source 130. Data sources 140 may provide data for a particular type of content or for a particular application running on user equipment 102. For example, one data source 142 may provide data for an interactive media guidance application and another data source may provide data for a home shopping application. In some embodiments, data sources 140 may provide data to the applications running on user equipment 102 using a client-server model. There may be one server per data source, one server for all sources, or, in some embodiments, a single server may communicate as a proxy between user equipment 102 and various data sources 140.
Content source 130 and data sources 140 are shown in
User equipment 102 may include any equipment suitable for providing an interactive media experience. For example, user equipment 102 may include computer equipment, such as a personal computer with a television card (PCTV). User equipment 102 may also include television equipment such as a television and set-top box, a recording device, a video player, a user input device (e.g., remote control, a keyboard, a mouse, a touch pad, a touch screen, and/or a voice recognition/verification module) or any other device suitable for providing a complete, interactive television experience. For example, user equipment 102 may include a DCT 2000, 2500, 5100, 6208 or 6412 set-top box provided by Motorola, Inc. In some embodiments, user equipment 102 may include a gaming system, a portable electronic device, such as a portable DVD player, a portable gaming device, a cellular telephone, a PDA, a digital music player/recorder (e.g., an MP3 player with recording capabilities), or any other suitable portable or fixed device.
In the example of
Interactive media guidance application 106 may be configured to display content listings, retrieve content previews, provide content suggestions, and detect a user request to content surf. A user request to content surf may be initiated via input device 108. In some embodiments, a content surf may be affirmatively requested by the user. For example, “channel surf up” and “channel surf down” buttons may be selected on input device 108. Upon selecting either of these two buttons, the user may enter surf mode and initiate one or more content surfing sequences (described below). In other embodiments, a content surf may be initiated by interactive media guidance application 106 after some user input criteria has been met. For example, interactive media guidance application 106 may initiate a content surf on behalf of the user after the repeated selection of a traditional channel up or down button on user input device 108 for a user or system-specified period of time. A content surf may be initiated in other ways as well. For example, after pressing (and holding) a traditional channel up or down button for certain length of time, interactive media guidance application 106 may determine that the user desires to content surf. This length of time may be customized by the user or fixed by the user equipment.
In some embodiments, the rate of the content surf may be a function of the length of time the user has requested the content surf using input device 108. For example, if a user holds a channel up button on input device 108 for 5 seconds, the user equipment may content surf at a rate of 5 channels per second. As the user continues to press the channel up button on input device 108, the rate may increase proportional to the amount of the time the user holds the channel up button. In some embodiments, if the user changes the interaction with input device 108, the rate may decrease. For example, if the user switches from holding the channel up button to a repeated button selection, the rate may drop back down to 5 channels per second. In some embodiments, the number of channels to skip between tunes is affected by the user interaction with the channel up/down buttons.
Display device 104 may be any suitable device capable of presenting human-perceivable media, such as, for example, a television monitor, computer monitor, LCD display, video projection device, holographic projector, virtual reality simulator, etc. Display device 104 may also be configured to provide audio and other sensory output and may be incorporated into some device of user equipment 102 (e.g., a cellular telephone or music player display).
Control circuitry 110 is adapted to receive user input from input device 108, execute the instructions of interactive media guidance application 106, execute instructions from any other applications running on the user equipment, and direct display device 104 to display media content and interactive application display screens and overlays. Control circuitry 110 may include one or more tuners (e.g., analog or digital tuners), encoders and decoders (e.g., MPEG encoders and decoders), processors (e.g., Motorola 68000 family processors), memory, communications circuitry (e.g., cable modem and ATSC 256QAM receiver circuitry), input/output circuitry (e.g., graphics circuitry), connections to the various devices of user equipment 102 (e.g., interactive media guidance application 106 and memory 112), and any other suitable components for providing analog or digital media programming and interactive application features. In some embodiments, control circuitry 110 may be included as part of one of the devices of user equipment 102 such as, for example, part of display 104 or any other device (e.g., a set-top box, television, and/or video player).
Control circuitry 110 may be connected to memory 112 for storing data from data sources 140 or content source 130. This data may include data for use by interactive media guidance application 106 (e.g., program listings, schedules, ratings information, and related program information). Control circuitry 110 may also store user profile data, such as, for example, user viewing history data and favorite program lists, in memory 112. Control circuitry 110 may also be configured to execute the instructions of interactive media guidance application 106 from memory 112, which may include any type of storage or memory mechanism (e.g., RAM, ROM, hybrid types of memory, hard disks, and/or optical drives).
In at least some embodiments, interactive media guidance application 106 is implemented in software. However, an implementation of software and/or hardware may be used in other embodiments. These arrangements are merely illustrative. Other suitable techniques for implementing interactive media guidance application 106 may be used if desired.
Although in the illustrated embodiment of
Communications path 238 may be any suitable display interface such as, for example, RGB, YPrPb, NTSC, a Digital Visual Interface (DVI) or FireWire Interface (IEEE 1394). Communications path 222 may be any suitable wired or wireless path (e.g., an infrared path).
Control circuitry 230 may include a processor, such as a microprocessor, and any other suitable circuitry for providing interactive functionality, including, for example, caching circuitry, video-decoding circuitry, direct memory access circuitry, input-output circuitry, decryption circuitry, and transcryption circuitry.
Enhanced user equipment 200 may include one or more of tuners 210 and 212. Although only two tuners are shown in the example of
Each of tuners 210 and 212 may be coupled to control circuitry 230. Control circuitry 230 may direct tuners 210 and 212 to tune, acquire, and decode any suitable content accessible by user equipment 200. For example, tuner 210 may be an analog tuner used to acquire analog television signals, whereas tuner 212 may be a digital tuner, used to acquire and decode digital television signals. Control circuitry 230 may store or buffer one or more frames of video from tuners 210 and 212 to memory 234 at any suitable time. In addition, memory 234 may include one or more pre-stored buffers (e.g., circular buffers) of low-resolution audio or video, graphics, advertising, or any other suitable content. Control circuitry 230 may cause the stored frames, pre-stored buffer, audio, or video to be displayed or presented on display device 240 at any suitable time (e.g., after some user input from user input device 220).
User equipment 200 may also include recording device 260. Recording device 260 may include a hard drive (e.g., one or more ATA, SCSI, IDE, or IEEE 1394 drives), digital video recorder (DVR), personal video recorder (PVR), or any other device capable of storing media content. Control circuitry 230 may access stored content (e.g., programs and movies) on recording device 260 and cause the content to be presented on display device 240 at any suitable time.
In some embodiments, user equipment 200 may also include graphics circuitry 250. Graphics circuitry 250 may include video and/or audio transcoding circuitry, one or more graphics processors, memory, and various display outputs (e.g., S-Video and composite video outputs). Graphics circuitry 250 may also include video compression and scaling codecs or circuitry to scale the input from tuners 210 or 212 (or from some other device, such as recording device 260) to a resolution or size other than the input's native resolution or size. For example, using graphics circuitry 250, the input to tuners 210 and/or 212 may be displayed at a smaller size on display device 240 than their native size in order for program listings information to be presented with the tuner content on the same display screen. As another example, graphics circuitry 250 may present full-motion or still frame thumbnail windows corresponding to one or more tuner inputs on the same display screen. Graphics circuitry 250 may scale one video input at a time or scale more than one video input simultaneously. For example, the inputs of both tuners 210 and 212 may be scaled simultaneously so that these inputs may be displayed together on the same display screen in real-time (perhaps with program listings information, content suggestions, or other suitable information).
After the user affirmatively initiates a content surf or the interactive media guidance application initiates a content surf on behalf of the user (as described above), control circuitry 230 may respond by initiating one or more content surfing sequences. One content surfing sequence includes storing one or more frames of the next content to be displayed (e.g., the next channel in the direction of surfing) in memory 234 and immediately initiating a next content tune. The previously stored one or more frames may be presented on display device 240 while concurrently initiating the next content tune. In some embodiments, control circuitry 230 decodes the one or more frames before storing them to memory. In other embodiments, the one or more frames may be stored in encoded form (if supported by the underlying encoding format).
For example, for digital MPEG-2 streams, the first Intraframe (“I-frame”) may be stored to memory 234. This I-frame may contain all the information needed to construct a complete frame of video. For analog signals, a full field frame may be stored in memory 234. After storing the one or more frames to memory 234, a pipeline tuning sequence may then be invoked by control circuitry 230. This pipeline tuning sequence may include immediately initiating a next content tune on one or more of tuners 210 and 212 while concurrently decoding/displaying the previously-stored content. After tuning to the next content, control circuitry 230 may again store one or more frames from the next content and immediately initiate a subsequent content tune (e.g., the subsequent channel in the direction of surfing) while displaying the newly-stored frames. This pipelined tuning process may eliminate or reduce the delays associated with content switching because only one or more frames are stored to memory 234 rather than waiting to decode an entire content stream or signal.
For example, to decode a typical MPEG-2 content stream and begin displaying it on display device 240, two I-frames are typically received. Once two I-frames are received, bi-directional predictive frames (“B-frames”) may be decoded using motion-compensation prediction from both a past and future reference. Thus, the decoding delay may be a function of the time between I-frames in the MPEG-2 content stream. If a user, on average, switches to a new content stream midway during the interval between two I-frames, the stream display process may not begin until at least one and a half I-frame cycles later. Depending on various factors, such as the compression used, the I-frames cycle period may be on the order of seconds in some media systems. During this time, display screen 240 traditionally remains blank until the new stream can be successfully decoded and presented on display device 240.
By implementing a pipeline tuning sequence, if the user equipment determines that a user wishes to content surf, the user may be quickly presented with one or more frames of content per channel until the user terminates the content surf. Additionally or alternatively, other stored content, such as stored video, audio, or advertising, may be displayed while the user is content surfing. In this way, the user is presented with little or no blank screen time while surfing through content.
If user equipment 200 includes two or more tuners 210 and 212, these tuners may be involved in a round-robin pipeline tuning process. For example, if a user initiates a content surf up from channel 1, tuner 210 may briefly tune to channel 2 while control circuitry 230 stores one or more frames of content from channel 2 to memory. The next tuner in user equipment 200 (e.g., tuner 212) may immediately tune to channel 3, while tuner 210 tunes to channel 4. As each channel is briefly tuned, only one or more frames of the content are stored to the user equipment. After storing the one or more frames, control circuitry 230 may immediately initiate a next content tune. While tuning and saving the one or more frames of the next content, control circuitry 230 may simultaneously decode and display, on display device 240, the previously stored content from one or more of tuners 210 and 212.
In some embodiments, tuning may not proceed in a strictly sequential order. For example, a fixed or variable number of channels may be skipped (preferably in the direction of surfing) during a content surf. This mode may sometimes be referred to as content “skip mode” herein. Rather than tuning and displaying each channel or content in sequential order, one or more of tuners 210 and 212 may tune, decode, and display every Nth channel, whereas the value N may be user or system-selected. This process may be combined with the pipeline tuning process described above, whereby one or more frames of every Nth channel are saved to the user equipment and presented to the user, rather than decoding the entire stream. The first three steps of a simplified, illustrative example is shown below in Table 1.
In one embodiment, the value of N may be a function of some user interaction with the user equipment. For example, the length of time a user presses and holds a channel up or down button on user input device 220 may cause the value of N to change (e.g., increase). The number of repeated selections of a channel up or down button may also cause the value of N to change. For example, if the user continuously or repeatedly presses a channel up or down button on user input device 220 for three seconds, control circuitry 230 may cause a tuner in the user equipment to start tuning to every other content (e.g., N=2). After three more seconds of continuous or repeated pressing, control circuitry 230 may increase the value of N and tune to every fifth content (e.g., N=5), and so on. The number of seconds of repeated selection or continuous pressing to effect a change in the value of N may be defined in user preferences or a user profile (as described below in regard to
In some embodiments, the interactive media guidance application may automatically scroll or update the listings in mini-guide 304 based on the user's progress in the content surf. For example, in
Mini-guide 304 may be useful when the interactive media guidance application determines that the user may be interested in moving quickly up or down through the content selections to see what is currently being presented on each channel, but the user is either unaware or not interested in switching to the sequence that would enter the full content guide grid associated with the interactive media guidance application. When a user sees a listing of interest in mini-guide 304 ahead of the content surf, the user may terminate the content surf request at the desired position in the surf. Alternatively, the user may input a channel number displayed in mini-guide 304 to automatically terminate the content surf and be presented with the desired content.
In some embodiments, while surfing through available content, display screen 300 may include content bar 306. Content bar 306 may include any suitable program information, such as the current channel number (e.g, “23”), channel name (e.g., “FOX”), time, and content name. For example, the information in content bar 306 may related to content from channel 23 while the tuner is simultaneously acquiring and saving one or more frames of content from channel 24 (or channel 23+N, in skip mode). Thus, the information displayed in content bar 306 may correspond to the one or more frames of video currently being displayed in content area 302 (and not the content currently being tuned).
In some embodiments, while a user is surfing through content, mini-guide 304 and/or content area 302 may change from a graphical view to a display that conveys or emulates a quick channel up or channel down process. For instance, if the control circuitry determines that the user wants to surf quickly in one direction, the tuning process may be effectively bypassed and the display in content area 302 may be replaced by a graphical display that shows a quick scrolling through content or channels. The graphical display may include, for example, a blurred image that is synthesized to appear like a fast tuning process (e.g., ½ second clips of pre-stored, low-resolution content in a circular buffer). This pre-stored buffer may be displayed and the information in content bar 306 may continue to be updated to reflect the user's progress in a simulated tuning sequence. When the user terminates the content surf, the pre-stored buffer displayed in content area 302 may be replaced with content associated with a landing channel of the surf.
In some embodiments, predictive tuning may be employed. The content surf landing channel (i.e., the content the display ultimately settles on) may be anticipated by the control circuitry or the interactive media guidance application. If the landing channel is anticipated, the channel may be tuned in advance so that when the user terminates the content surf (e.g., when the user releases the channel up or channel down button), an effective “fast tune” may be accomplished. For example, if the control circuitry anticipates that a user's landing channel will be channel “27 MTV,” this channel may be tuned in advance (perhaps at the start of a content surf) while the display shows buffered video from the last channel or an emulation of a fast surf. If the anticipated landing channel is not exactly the channel the user has stopped on, but within some user or system-specified range (e.g., five channels), the control circuitry may display the anticipated channel anyway. The user may then channel up and down from the landing channel to the desired channel, as usual.
Channels may be anticipated based on a variety of factors. For example, user history data may be tracked and logged to the user equipment or a network location. From this history data, the control circuitry (or an interactive application running on the control circuitry) may build a table of the most frequently-tuned channels and content and the duration of time the content was displayed on the user equipment. From this information it can derive appropriate landing channels. As another example, anticipated landing channels and content may include channels and content added to one or more favorites lists or user profiles, such as the user profile described in more detail below in regard to
In some embodiments, hints may be presented to the user while content surfing. For example, as shown in
In some embodiments, the interactive media guidance application may also present a content selection menu or overlay to the user while content surfing. For example,
The interactive media guidance application may also provide content suggestions. Whereas content selection menus and overlays merely provide the user an alternate method for accessing content, content suggestions provide tailored listings of content that the user equipment determines that the user may be interested in watching. Content suggestions are based, at least in part, on user preferences, user profile data, user behavior (including recent surfing or scanning behavior, as well as dwell time and surf interaction responses to content previously surfed), or user history. As used herein, “user profile data” explicitly includes user preferences, user behavior data, and user history data. For example,
Favorite channels display screen 600 may include at least list name 602 and favorite channels list 604. If multiple favorite channels lists are used in a single system, each list may be given a unique identifier (e.g., name) for list name 602. A user may add and remove channels to favorite channels list 604 in a variety of ways. For example, the user may press a “Favorites” button on user input device 220 (
For ease of navigation, favorite channels list 604 may be sorted by channel name or channel number. Upon selecting sort option 606, the sort order may be toggled. To remove channels from favorite channels list 604, the user may select delete button 608 while selecting an entry in favorite channels list 604. In some embodiments, the channels in favorite channels list 604 may be pre-populated with the user's most frequently or recently accessed channels. The user may then customize the list using favorite channels display screen 600, if desired.
Upon selecting accept changes button 610, the interactive media guidance application may create or update the user's favorite channels in favorite channels list 604 to memory 234 (
To further customize a user's content preferences, the user may create or update a user profile. As shown in
The user may add, remove, or reorder any of the entries in lists 702 and 704. In favorite programs list 702, the user may define a list of the user's favorite programs accessible by the user equipment. Upon selecting add another link 703, interactive media guidance application data may be accessed to present a list of all available content (e.g., broadcast television programs, on-demand content, and recorded content) to the user (not shown). The user may then select the user's favorite programs for inclusion into favorite programs list 702. In some embodiments, favorite programs list 702 may be pre-populated with the user's most frequently or recently accessed programs.
Similarly, the user may add, remove, or reorder content genres in favorite genre list 704. The list of genres in favorite genre list 704 may also be pre-populated with the genres of the user's most frequently or recently accessed content. In the example of
Some genres may be associated with genre details used to further define the genre. For example, if the sports genre is added to favorite genre list 704, the user may additionally select to set up genre details by selecting details link 705. Upon selecting details link 705 genre detail display screen 800 (
The lists in profile display screen 700 may be ordered or unordered. If the user desires to create an unordered list, each entry in the list may be assigned the same weight, or rank. If one or more of the lists is ordered, then weights may be assigned to each entry in the list based on its placement in the list. For example, a program listed in the first slot in favorite programs list 702 may be assigned a higher weight, or rank, than programs in lower slots in favorite programs list 702. In this way, a user may prioritize content within the same list.
To discard profile display screen without saving changes, the user may select cancel button 710. To accept the changes as displayed in user profile display screen 700, the user may select accept changes button 714. Upon selecting accept changes button 714, the user's profile data may be created or updated. In some embodiments, user profile data is updated and stored in memory (e.g., in a file or table in a relational database in memory 234 of
The user may also select other criteria to include in the user's profile. Upon selecting other criteria button 712, a user may be presented with a list of optional profile criteria (not shown). Optional profile criteria may include other content attributes, such as ratings information, artist/actor information, director information, or any other suitable content information. For example, a user may prefer R and PG-13-rated content over G and PG-rated content. By adding “R” and “PG-13” to a favorite ratings list (similar to lists 702 and 704), a user may associate one or more preferred ratings with the user's profile. Similarly, other suitable information may be stored in the user's profile. For example, if the user loves the actor Tom Cruise, but dislikes the actor Jim Carey, a user may add Tom Cruise and Jim Carey to a favorite actors list and a least favorite actors list, respectively. Actor, artist, and director names may be retrieved from a suitable content or data source (e.g., content source 142 of
The control circuitry may access the user profile data associated with user profile display 700 at any suitable time. For example, the control circuitry may read a user's profile data in anticipating a content surf landing channel. In determining which channels may be anticipated landing channels, the channel as well as the content currently be presented on the channel may be used to calculate an anticipation score for each channel (or a subset of channels), as described in more detail below. For example, if one of the user's favorite programs listed in favorite programs list 702 is being presented on channel 100, and the user is surfing up toward channel 100, the system may anticipate a landing channel of 100 (even if the actual landing channel was not 100).
To determine which channel or channels may be anticipated landing channels, an interactive application (such as an interactive media guidance application) may compute a weighted anticipation score for channels based on, at least in part, the user's profile data and the content currently being presented on the channel. This anticipation score may reflect how likely the user is to stop on that channel. For example, based on user profile data, anticipation scores of 22, 26, 31, 35, and 50 may be assigned to channels 21 through 25. Channel 25 may correspond to HBOE, which happens to be showing the Sopranos, the user's favorite program listed in favorite programs list 702. If channel 26 (HBOE) is also in the user's favorite channels list, this channel may be associated with a higher anticipation score than channels not showing one of the user's favorite programs (and not listed in the user's favorite channels list). This channel may be therefore classified as an anticipated landing channel for a given channel range. In one embodiment, anticipation scores may be assigned to channels using the equation:
where N is the number of profile attributes used in the anticipation score (AS) calculation, wi is the weight (or rank) within the profile attribute, and pi represents the value of the profile attribute to the user. For example, if the user assigns a value of 10 to the favorite program profile attribute (i.e., pi=10), then weights (wi) may be assigned to the content within favorite programs list 702, depending on the content's position in the list. For example, a weight of 1 may be assigned to the first (favorite) entry in the list, a weight of 0.9 to the next (next favorite) entry in the list, etc. Therefore, if Sopranos is showing on a channel, that channel may receive 10 favorite program points, while a channel showing CSI-Miami may receive 9 favorite program points. The total anticipation score may be the sum of all the points derived from profile attributes currently in the user's profile.
Anticipation scores may also be derived, at least in part, from user history information or past interaction with the user equipment. The interactive media guidance application may store recent user history information in memory 234 (
In some embodiments, anticipation scores may be dynamically adjusted during a content surf. For example, a channel's anticipation score may also be a function of the user's current distance from the channel in a content surf. For example, even though channel 25 may be associated with an anticipation score of 50, this channel may not be the user's desired landing channel depending on how far away from channel 25 the user is at the conclusion of a content surf. Accordingly, anticipation scores may be dynamically adjusted as the user's surf progresses. The anticipation score associated with channel 25 may decrease as the user surfs farther away from channel 25 and increase as the user surfs closer to channel 25. In some embodiments, the rate of decrease (i.e., penalty) or increase (i.e., benefit) may be linear or quadratic and may be set by the user, if desired.
In addition, in some embodiments, a maximum channel range may be associated with each anticipation score. If the user surfs beyond the maximum channel range, the anticipated landing channel may be removed from the list of possible anticipated landing channels (e.g., the anticipation score may be reduced to 0). The maximum channel range may be fixed for all anticipation scores or a function of the value of the anticipation score. Thus, higher anticipation scores may be associated with larger maximum channel ranges than lower anticipation scores. In the example above, the channel associated with the anticipation score of 50 may be assigned a maximum channel range of 20, while the channel associated with the anticipation score of 22 may be assigned a maximum channel range of 5.
If genre details are enabled, the interactive media guidance application may also use any genre details in the user's profile to calculate anticipation scores. For example, as shown in
Genre details display screen 800 may include common details for the sports genre. In favorite sport selection 802, the user may define one or more favorite sports. In favorite team selection 804, the user may define one or more favorite teams. In favorite player selections 806 and 808, the user may define one or more favorite players. In some embodiments, favorite player selections 806 and 808 list the players associated with the team selected in favorite team selection 804. In other embodiments, all players, regardless of what team they are on, are listed in favorite player selections 806 and 808. The user may add additional players (from the same or different teams) by selecting add player link 810.
In order to populate the selections in display screen 800, including favorite sport selection 802, favorite team selection 804, and favorite player selections 806 and 808, the interactive media guidance application may access up-to-date team roster information from a suitable genre detail data source (e.g., data source 142 of
Anticipation scores may also be used to suggest content to the user. In some embodiments, as the user content surfs, suggestions of content that may be of interest to the user (and are currently or shortly accessible by the user equipment) are presented to the user. Content of interest may include content on channels with high anticipation scores. For example, if the user is a CSI fan (based on prior profiling, such as the inclusion of CSI in favorite programs list 702 (FIG. 7)), the interactive media guidance application may consult a category or genre database that looks for any accessible content that is in the same category or genre as CSI. Currently accessible content may include programs, movies, and sporting events that are currently being broadcast on one or channels, starting within some user or system-defined time (e.g., 30 minutes), content available on-demand, and content available on one or more of the user's attached recording devices (such as recording device 260). A listing of content of interest may be presented in a non-obtrusive manner to the user, such as quick menu 902 of
In the example of
As shown in
In some embodiments, when a user presses a quick dial number on a user input device while quick menu 902 is displayed, more information about the program corresponding to the quick dial number is displayed in flip bar area 906. For example, the content start and end time (if applicable), the content rating, a content description, or any other suitable information may be presented to the user.
In one or more embodiments, programs may be promoted or advertised in quick menu 902. For example, the programs suggested in quick menu 902 may be determined, at least in part, as a function of those programs that the cable or multiple service operator (MSO) wants to promote. The promotion may be part of a business model wherein the operator collects additional fees or revenue from the associated networks based on a desired level of promotion. For example, the FOX network may wish to aggressively promote one or more new television series. These series may be displayed higher (or otherwise more prominently) in quick menu 902 to help increase visibility (and user selection). Additionally, some graphic or other attention-grabbing icon or indicator may be displayed next to the content name, if desired. For example, a thumbnail icon of the content or a star icon may be positioned next to the content name in quick menu 902.
In some embodiments, quick menu 902 may also be combined with skip mode. For example, rather than present a still frame or video as a user surfs through content, the control circuitry (or interactive media guidance application) may determine in advance content of interest to the user in the forward direction of the content surf. The skip value (i.e., the value of N as described above) may be dynamically adjusted to skip to the next channel or content of interest. For example, assuming that based on the user's profile data (e.g., favorite genres list 704 of
In addition to using profile data to dynamically adjust the value of N, information associated with the content being presented on the user equipment just prior to the content surf may be used. For example, if the user was watching a basketball game prior to initiating a surf, then the sports genre may automatically be added to the search criteria. Additionally or alternatively, the sports genre detail may be automatically created to add basketball to the user's favorite sport in favorite sport list 802 (
In some embodiments, while the user is content surfing, locally stored text or graphic advertisements may be overlaid on the screen. These advertisement overlays may be presented by themselves or in combination with the hints or content suggestions, described above. In some embodiments, advertisements may replace parts of flip bar area 906. In other embodiments, the advertisements may be shown in the main display window while the user content surfs. While advertisements are being displayed, the user may retrieve one or more pages of additional information related to the advertisement by selecting an “Info” button on user input device 220 (
For example, a hyperlink to a webpage may be included in flip bar area 906. If the user is interested in obtaining more information about the advertisement, the user may select the hyperlink and directly access additional information. The user may also press a “Save” button on user input device 220 to cache a copy of advertisements of interest to the user's personal space (e.g., the user's personal directory) on the user equipment. This way, the user may view the advertisement at a later time in more detail. Alternatively or additionally, upon pressing the “Save” button while an advertisement is being displayed, the user equipment may automatically record a video related to the advertisement to memory 234 (
In combination with one or more of the previous embodiments, audio, either associated with specific programs of interest that are skip-tuned, audio that is used to train or provide hints of programs of interest to the user based on the user's profile, or audio associated with advertisements that have been locally stored, may be played while content surfing. The audio may include digital music selections and compilations (e.g., in MP3 format). In addition, the audio may include user audio selections that the user has transferred to the user equipment (or an attached storage or recording device). For example, digital audio clips from a digital audio player may be transferred to the user equipment and custom audio may be played. As another example, instead of transferring the audio content to the user equipment, the content may be played or streamed directly from an attached (or coupled) digital audio device or player.
Since a user may pause briefly on multiple channels or content during a content surf, in some embodiments, a visual representation of where the user has paused may be presented to the user. As shown in
In creating thumbnail windows 1002, 1004, and 1006, graphics circuitry 250 (
In some embodiments, rather than displaying a frozen image or frame of the most recently paused on content, while a user is content surfing the tuner may persist on the most recently paused on content, tuning to the next content or channel only when the user next pauses the surf. In these embodiments, live video corresponding to the previously tuned (or paused on) content may be presented in the background as the user surfs and until the user pauses again. If more than one tuner is available in the user equipment, the last N previously tuned content or channels may be displayed in live video. Display screen 1000 may include some indication that the video presently being displayed is previously tuned content. For example, the video may be reduced in size, brightness, or resolution. Additionally or alternatively, flip bar area 1010 may continue to be updated as the user's content surf progresses while the previously tuned video is displayed in thumbnail windows 1002, 1004, and 1006.
As shown in the example of
In some embodiments, instead of showing recently paused on content in thumbnail windows 1002, 1004, and 1006, these windows may present content suggestions or content of interest to the user. These embodiments may be considered a visual version of quick menu 902 (
In systems with more than one tuner, the tuners may be used in a round-robin fashion so that a number of most recently tuned (or paused on) channels up to the number of tuners present in the user equipment are displayed simultaneously in full motion video. For example, in display screen 1000 (
If, at decision 1208, it is determined that the control circuitry has not received a continuous content tune request, control circuitry 230 (
In practice, one or more steps shown in process 1200 may be combined with other steps, performed in any suitable order, performed in parallel (e.g., simultaneously or substantially simultaneously), or skipped. For example, decisions 1204, 1206, and 1208 may be performed simultaneously, or combined into a single decision.
After the second content selection has been tuned at step 1302, one or more frames of the second content may be buffered at step 1304. Buffering frames of content may include caching or saving these frames to memory 234 (
If, at decision 1308, the control circuitry still detects a channel surf request, the channel surfing process may return to step 1304. The control circuitry may then buffer one or more frames of the next (e.g., third) content. This process may continue until the content surf is terminated.
In practice, one or more steps shown in process 1300 may be combined with other steps, performed in any suitable order, performed in parallel (e.g., simultaneously or substantially simultaneously), or skipped.
After reading the user profile data at step 1408, or if no user profile data is available, anticipation scores may be calculated for a subset of the currently accessible channels at step 1410. The subset of channels may include channels within a predefined number of channels from the user's actual landing channel. For example, if the user actually issued the surf termination request at channel 210, anticipation scores may be calculated for channel within 10 channels of channel 210 (e.g., channels 200 through 220). Alternatively, anticipation scores may be calculated for all channels, if desired. Anticipation scores may be calculated using EQ 1. At step 1412, a landing channel may be tuned and displayed on display device 240 (
In practice, one or more steps shown in process 1400 may be combined with other steps, performed in any suitable order, performed in parallel (e.g., simultaneously or substantially simultaneously), or skipped. For example, user history data and user profile data may be stored as a single data source in memory 234 (
At decision 1508, the control circuitry may determine if user profile data is available. The control circuitry may determine if user profile data is available by searching a profile directory in memory 234 (
In practice, one or more steps shown in process 1500 may be combined with other steps, performed in any suitable order, performed in parallel (e.g., simultaneously or substantially simultaneously), or skipped.
At step 1604, the interactive media guidance application may locate content of particular interest to the user based, at least in part, on the user profile and/or user history data read at steps 1510 and 1506 (
The user may then be given an opportunity to select a content listing in display 1606. At decision 1608, the interactive media guidance application may determine if the user has selected to view content listed in display 1606. The user may select content in display 1606 by entering a quick dial number, a channel number, or highlighting and selecting the content listing itself. The user may interact with display 1606 using user input device 220 (
In practice, one or more steps shown in process 1600 may be combined with other steps, performed in any suitable order, performed in parallel (e.g., simultaneously or substantially simultaneously), or skipped.
If the user continues with the content surf after pausing on a content selection, the paused on content may be moved to a thumbnail window at step 1710. For example, the thumbnail window may correspond to thumbnail window 1102 (
In practice, one or more steps shown in process 1700 may be combined with other steps, performed in any suitable order, performed in parallel (e.g., simultaneously or substantially simultaneously), or skipped.
The above described embodiments of the invention are presented for purposes of illustration and not of limitation, and the present invention is limited only by the claims which follow.
This application is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 12/581,291 filed Oct. 19, 2009, which is a continuation of U.S. patent application Ser. No. 11/430,468 filed on May 8, 2006 (now abandoned), and which claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 60/678,493 filed May 6, 2005, all of which are hereby incorporated by reference herein in their entirety.
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Philips TV set, model No. 25 PT 910A, User Manual, 40 pages (undated). |
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Number | Date | Country | |
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20140109143 A1 | Apr 2014 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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60678493 | May 2005 | US |
Number | Date | Country | |
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Parent | 12581291 | Oct 2009 | US |
Child | 14132585 | US | |
Parent | 11430468 | May 2006 | US |
Child | 12581291 | US |