Electronic switching or gating

HELECTRICITY H03Electronic circuits H03KPULSE TECHNIQUE

H03K17/00Electronic switching or gating

H03K17/002Switching arrangements with several input- or output terminals H03K17/005with several inputs only H03K17/007with several outputs only H03K17/04Modifications for accelerating switching H03K17/0403in thyristor switches H03K17/0406in composite switches H03K17/041without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit H03K17/04106in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/04113in bipolar transistor switches H03K17/0412by measures taken in the control circuit H03K17/04123in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/04126in bipolar transistor switches H03K17/0414Anti-saturation measures H03K17/0416by measures taken in the output circuit H03K17/04163in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/04166in bipolar transistor switches H03K17/042by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit H03K17/04206in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/04213in bipolar transistor switches H03K17/0422Anti-saturation measures H03K17/0424by the use of a transformer H03K17/06Modifications for ensuring a fully conducting state H03K17/063in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/08Modifications for protecting switching circuit against overcurrent or overvoltage H03K17/081without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit H03K17/08104in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/08108in thyristor switches H03K17/08112in bipolar transistor switches H03K17/08116in composite switches H03K17/0812by measures taken in the control circuit H03K17/08122in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/08124in thyristor switches H03K17/08126in bipolar transitor switches H03K17/08128in composite switches H03K17/0814by measures taken in the output circuit H03K17/08142in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/08144in thyristor switches H03K17/08146in bipolar transistor switches H03K17/08148in composite switches H03K17/082by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit H03K17/0822in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/0824in thyristor switches H03K17/0826in bipolar transistor switches H03K17/0828in composite switches H03K17/10Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched voltage H03K17/102in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/105in thyristor switches H03K17/107in composite switches H03K17/12Modifications for increasing the maximum permissible switched current H03K17/122in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/125in thyristor switches H03K17/127in composite switches H03K17/13Modifications for switching at zero crossing H03K17/133in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/136in thyristor switches H03K17/14Modifications for compensating variations of physical values H03K17/145in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/16Modifications for eliminating interference voltages or currents H03K17/161in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/162without feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit H03K17/163Soft switching H03K17/164using parallel switching arrangements H03K17/165by feedback from the output circuit to the control circuit H03K17/166Soft switching H03K17/167using parallel switching arrangements H03K17/168in composite switches H03K17/18Modifications for indicating state of switch H03K17/20Modifications for resetting core switching units to a predetermined state H03K17/22Modifications for ensuring a predetermined initial state when the supply voltage has been applied H03K17/223in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/24Storing the actual state when the supply voltage fails H03K17/26Modifications for temporary blocking after receipt of control pulses H03K17/28Modifications for introducing a time delay before switching H03K17/284in field effect transistor switches H03K17/288in tube switches H03K17/292in thyristor, unijunction transistor or programmable unijunction transistor switches H03K17/296Time-programme switches providing a choice of time-intervals for executing more than one switching action and automatically terminating their operation after the programme is completed H03K17/30Modifications for providing a predetermined threshold before switching H03K17/302in field-effect transistor switches H03K17/305in thyristor switches H03K17/51characterised by the components used H03K17/52using gas-filled tubes H03K17/54using vacuum tubes H03K17/545using micro-engineered devices H03K17/56using semiconductor devices H03K17/567Circuits characterised by the use of more than one type of semiconductor device H03K17/58using tunnel diodes H03K17/60using bipolar transistors H03K17/601using transformer coupling H03K17/602in integrated circuits H03K17/603with coupled emitters H03K17/605with galvanic isolation between the control circuit and the output circuit H03K17/61using transformer coupling H03K17/615in a Darlington configuration H03K17/62Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals H03K17/6207without selecting means H03K17/6214using current steering means H03K17/6221combined with selecting means H03K17/6228using current steering means H03K17/6235with storage of control signal H03K17/6242with several inputs only and without selecting means H03K17/625using current steering means H03K17/6257with several inputs only combined with selecting means H03K17/6264using current steering means H03K17/6271with several outputs only and without selecting means H03K17/6278using current steering means H03K17/6285with several outputs only combined with selecting means H03K17/6292using current steering means H03K17/64having inductive loads H03K17/66Switching arrangements for passing the current in either direction at will Switching arrangements for reversing the current at will H03K17/661connected to both load terminals H03K17/662each output circuit comprising more than one controlled bipolar transistor H03K17/663using complementary bipolar transistors H03K17/664in a symmetrical configuration H03K17/665connected to one load terminal only H03K17/666the output circuit comprising more than one controlled bipolar transistor H03K17/667using complementary bipolar transistors H03K17/668in a symmetrical configuration H03K17/68specially adapted for switching ac currents or voltages H03K17/687using field-effect transistors H03K17/6871the output circuit comprising more than one controlled field-effect transistor H03K17/6872using complementary field-effect transistors H03K17/6874in a symmetrical configuration H03K17/6877the control circuit comprising active elements different from those used in the output circuit H03K17/689with galvanic isolation between the control circuit and the output circuit H03K17/6895using acoustic means H03K17/691using transformer coupling H03K17/693Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals H03K17/70having two electrodes and exhibiting negative resistance H03K17/72having more than two PN junctions having more than three electrodes having more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region H03K17/722with galvanic isolation between the control circuit and the output circuit H03K17/7225using acoustic means H03K17/723using transformer coupling H03K17/725for ac voltages or currents H03K17/73for dc voltages or currents H03K17/731with inductive load H03K17/732Measures for enabling turn-off H03K17/735Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals H03K17/74using diodes H03K17/76Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals H03K17/78using opto-electronic devices H03K17/785controlling field-effect transistor switches H03K17/79controlling bipolar semiconductor switches with more than two PN-junctions, or more than three electrodes, or more than one electrode connected to the same conductivity region H03K17/795controlling bipolar transistors H03K17/7955using phototransistors H03K17/80using non-linear magnetic devices using non-linear dielectric devices H03K17/81Switching arrangements with several input- or output-terminals H03K17/82using transfluxors H03K17/84using thin-film devices H03K17/86using twistors H03K17/88using beam-deflection tubes H03K17/90using galvano-magnetic devices H03K17/92using superconductive devices H03K17/94characterised by the way in which the control signal is generated H03K17/941using an optical detector H03K17/943using a plurality of optical emitters or detectors H03K17/945Proximity switches H03K17/95using a magnetic detector H03K17/9502Measures for increasing reliability H03K17/9505Constructional details H03K17/951Measures for supplying operating voltage to the detector circuit H03K17/9512using digital techniques H03K17/9515using non-linear magnetic devices H03K17/9517using galvanomagnetic devices H03K17/952using inductive coils H03K17/9522with a galvanically isolated probe H03K17/9525controlled by an oscillatory signal H03K17/953forming part of an oscillator H03K17/9532with variable frequency H03K17/9535with variable amplitude H03K17/9537in a resonant circuit H03K17/954controlled by an oscillatory signal H03K17/9542forming part of an oscillator H03K17/9545with variable frequency H03K17/9547with variable amplitude H03K17/955using a capacitive detector H03K17/96Touch switches H03K17/9618using a plurality of detectors H03K17/962Capacitive touch switches H03K17/9622using a plurality of detectors H03K17/9625using a force resistance transducer H03K17/9627Optical touch switches H03K17/9629using a plurality of detectors H03K17/9631using a light source as part of the switch H03K17/9636using a pulsed light source H03K17/9638using a light guide H03K17/964Piezo-electric touch switches H03K17/9643using a plurality of detectors H03K17/9645Resistive touch switches H03K17/9647using a plurality of detectors H03K17/965Switches controlled by moving an element forming part of the switch H03K17/967having a plurality of control members H03K17/968using opto-electronic devices H03K17/969having a plurality of control members H03K17/97using a magnetic movable element H03K17/972having a plurality of control members H03K17/975using a capacitive movable element H03K17/98having a plurality of control members