Reciprocating-piston liquid engines

FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING LIGHTING HEATING WEAPONS BLASTING ENGINES OR PUMPS F03Liquid processing machines F03CPOSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINES DRIVEN BY LIQUIDS

F03C1/00Reciprocating-piston liquid engines

F03C1/001the movement in two directions being obtained by two or more double-acting piston liquid motors F03C1/002details; components parts F03C1/003controlling F03C1/004speed-control F03C1/005motor piston stroke control F03C1/007with single cylinder, double-acting piston F03C1/0073one side of the double-acting piston being always under the influence of the liquid under pressure F03C1/0076the liquid under pressure being continuously delivered to one cylinder chamber through a valve in the piston for actuating the return stroke F03C1/013with single cylinder, single-acting piston F03C1/0135with actuation of the return stroke by gravity F03C1/02with multiple-cylinders, characterised by the number or arrangement of cylinders F03C1/03with movement in two directions being obtained by two single-acting piston liquid engines, each acting in one direction F03C1/035one single-acting piston being always under the influence of the liquid under pressure F03C1/04with cylinders in star or fan arrangement F03C1/0403Details, component parts specially adapted of such engines F03C1/0406Pistons F03C1/0409Cams F03C1/0412consisting of several cylindrical elements F03C1/0415Cylinders F03C1/0419Arrangements for pressing or connecting the pistons against the actuated cam F03C1/0422hydraulically F03C1/0425Disconnecting the pistons from the actuated cam F03C1/0428Supporting and guiding means for the pistons F03C1/0431Draining of the engine housing; arrangements dealing with leakage fluid F03C1/0435Particularities relating to the distribution members F03C1/0438to cylindrical distribution members F03C1/0441to conical distribution members F03C1/0444to plate-like distribution members F03C1/0447Controlling F03C1/045by using a valve in a system with several pump or motor chambers, wherein the flow path through the chambers can be changed F03C1/0454by changing the effective cross sectional piston working surface F03C1/0457by changing the effective piston stroke F03C1/046by changing the excentricity of one element relative to another element F03C1/0463by changing the phase relationship between two actuated cams F03C1/0466by changing the phase relationship between the actuated cam and the distributing means F03C1/047the pistons co-operating with an actuated element at the outer ends of the cylinders F03C1/0472with cam-actuated distribution members F03C1/0474with two or more radial piston/cylinder units in series F03C1/0476directly located side by side F03C1/0478having several cylinder barrels coupled together F03C1/053the pistons co-operating with an actuated element at the inner ends of the cylinders F03C1/0531with cam-actuated distribution members F03C1/0533each piston being provided with channels coacting with the cylinder and being used as a distribution member for another cylinder F03C1/0535with two or more radial piston/cylinder units in series F03C1/0536directly located side by side F03C1/0538the piston-driven cams being provided with inlets or outlets F03C1/06with cylinder axes generally coaxial with, or parallel or inclined to, main shaft axis F03C1/0602Component parts, details F03C1/0605Adaptations of pistons F03C1/0607Driven means F03C1/061having stationary cylinders F03C1/0613having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons F03C1/0615distributing members F03C1/0618cylindrical distribution members F03C1/0621conical distribution members F03C1/0623Details, component parts F03C1/0626Cylinders F03C1/0628Casings, housings F03C1/0631Wobbler or actuated element F03C1/0634Actuated element bearing means or driven axis bearing means F03C1/0636having rotary cylinder block F03C1/0639having two or more sets of cylinders or pistons F03C1/0642inclined on main shaft axis F03C1/0644Component parts F03C1/0647Particularities in the contacting area between cylinder barrel and valve plate F03C1/0649Bearing means F03C1/0652Cylinders F03C1/0655Valve means F03C1/0657Cylindrical valve means F03C1/066Conical valve means F03C1/0663Casings, housings F03C1/0665Cylinder barrel bearing means F03C1/0668Swash or actuated plate F03C1/0671Swash or actuated plate bearing means or driven axis bearing means F03C1/0673Connection between rotating cylinder and rotating inclined swash plate F03C1/0676Arrangement for pressing the cylinder barrel against the valve plate F03C1/0678Control F03C1/0681using a valve in a system with several motor chambers, wherein the flow path through the chambers can be changed F03C1/0684using a by-pass valve F03C1/0686by changing the inclination of the swash plate F03C1/0689using wedges F03C1/0692by changing the phase relationship between the actuated element and the distribution means F03C1/0694by changing the inclination of the axis of the cylinder barrel in relation to the axis of the actuated element F03C1/0697responsive to the speed F03C1/08Distributing valve-gear peculiar thereto F03C1/10actuated by piston or piston-rod F03C1/12mechanically F03C1/14by driving liquid of engine F03C1/16Speed controlling, equalising or cushioning F03C1/20specially adapted for engines generating vibration only F03C1/22with movable cylinders or cylinder F03C1/223having cylinders in star or fan arrangement, the connection of the pistons with an actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders F03C1/226with cam actuated distribution members F03C1/24in which the liquid exclusively displaces one or more pistons reciprocating in rotary cylinders F03C1/2407having cylinders in star or fan arrangement, the connection of the pistons with an actuated element being at the outer ends of the cylinders F03C1/2415cylinder block and actuated cam both rotating F03C1/2423with two or more series radial piston-cylinder units F03C1/2431cylinder block and actuated cam both rotating F03C1/2438directly located side by side F03C1/2446cylinder block and actuated cam both rotating F03C1/2454having cylinders in star or fan arrangement, the connection of the pistons with an actuated element being at the inner ends of the cylinders F03C1/2462the rotary cylinder being provided with only one piston reci- procating within this cylinder F03C1/247with cylinders in star- or fan-arrangement, the connection of the pistons with an actuated element being at the outer ends of the cylinders F03C1/26adapted for special use or combined with apparatus driven thereby