This application claims priority to Taiwan Application Serial Number 98100535, filed Jan. 8, 2009, which is herein incorporated by reference.
The present invention relates to an imprint process, and more particularly to an imprint process of a thermosetting material.
A thermosetting material, such as polyimide (PI), is a material with high heat resistance, a great mechanical property, a superior optical property and a low dielectric constant, so that the thermosetting material has been widely applied in flexible printed circuit (FPC) boards, electronic packages, optical waveguides, alignment films of liquid crystal displays (LCD) and microfluidic devices. In the application, the thermosetting material typically needs to be patterned by a pattern definition technology to form the desired pattern structure for use.
Several technologies, such as laser machining technology, conventional photolithography technology, new photolithography technology, and nano-imprint technology including, for example soft imprint technology and hot-embossing technology, have been developed to pattern the thermosetting material. When the laser machining technology patterns the thermosetting material, the laser directly irradiates the thermosetting material layer through a mask to remove a portion of the thermosetting material layer to complete the thermosetting material pattern structures. However, when the laser machining technology patterns the thermosetting material, irradiation of many laser shots is required, so that the process is time-consuming and consumes large amounts of laser energy, thereby increasing the cost. Moreover, due to the size of the laser beam and the optical diffraction limit, the laser machining technology cannot produce the pattern with too small size, such as the thermosetting material pattern structures with the nanometer scale.
When the conventional photolithography technology is used to pattern a thermosetting material layer, a photoresist layer is firstly coated on the thermosetting material layer, the photoresist layer is patterned by the exposure and development technology, and then the thermosetting material layer is etched with tile patterned photoresist layer as the etching mask to complete the thermosetting material pattern structures. However, due to the wavelength limit of the exposure light source, the feature size of the thermosetting material pattern strictures produced by the conventional photolithography technology has a limit, so that the pattern structures with a smaller size cannot be produced.
When the new photolithography technology is used to pattern the thermosetting material, a photosensitive thermosetting material is needed, the bonding link in parts of directions of the thermosetting material is destroyed by directly using the light source, such as deep ultraviolet, and the exposed thermosetting material layer is developed to complete the pattern structures of the thermosetting material. However, the surface roughness of the thermosetting material pattern structure formed by the new photolithography technology is poor, there still exists many issues in the positive tone and negative tone photosensitive thermosetting materials, such as that the adjustment of the ingredients of the material is difficult, and the control of the process parameters and the machining precision of the thermosetting material is difficult to result in the poor fidelity and the reliability of pattern transferring. In addition, similarly, due to the wavelength limit of the exposure light source, the new photolithography technology cannot produce the thermosetting material pattern structures with a smaller size. Furthermore, the negative tone photosensitive thermosetting material is swelling after the developing process, so that the fidelity of the pattern transferring is further decreased.
When the soft nanoimprint technology is used to pattern the thermosetting material, such as polyimide, and the imprint mold is pressed into the liquid poly(amic acid) (PAA) that has not been heated to form the solid polyimide, it is easy for bubbles to form between the pattern structures of the imprint mold and the liquid poly(amic acid) after heating, and these bubbles are formed on the surface of the polyimide. Therefore, the surface of the pattern structures of the thermosetting material formed by the soft nanoimprint technology has many holes, so that the surface roughness of the thermosetting material pattern structures is poor, and the mechanical strength of the thermosetting material pattern structures is reduced. Moreover, when the liquid poly(amic acid) is heated to solidify the liquid poly(amic acid) to form the polyimide before the mold is removed, the solvent of the poly(amic acid) is evaporated, so that the volume of the thermosetting material pattern structures is decreased to lower the fidelity of the pattern transferring.
When the hot embossing nanoimprint technology is used to pattern the thermosetting material, the imprint temperature needs to be raised to more than the glass transition temperature (Tg) 300° C. of the thermosetting material. In addition, due to the heat, the remaining thermal stress, the expansion and the shrink effects occur on the mold and the substrate simultaneously, thereby seriously affecting the substrate material and the size of the thermosetting material pattern structures to reduce the reliability of the pattern transferring.
Therefore, one objective of the present invention is to provide an imprint process of a thermosetting material, which can accurately transfer a pattern on an imprint mold to a thermosetting material layer, thereby effectively increasing the accuracy and the reliability of the pattern transferred to the thermosetting material layer.
Another objective of the present invention is to provide an imprint process of a thermosetting material, which can successively define the pattern of the thermosetting material with low thermal budget and under relatively lower temperatures compared with the hot embossing nanoimprint process, thereby reducing the process cost and preventing the feature size of the transferred pattern of the thermosetting material from being distorted. Furthermore, the remaining thermal stress formed on the substrate and the thermosetting material layer due to high temperature can be decreased, and the substrate and the thermosetting material layer can be prevented from being damaged.
According to the aforementioned objectives, the present invention provides an imprint process of a thermosetting material, comprising: providing a mold including a pattern structure, wherein the pattern structure comprises a plurality of convex portions and a plurality of concave portions; forming a transferred material layer on the convex portions and the concave portions; providing a substrate, wherein a surface of the substrate is covered with a thermosetting material layer and a sacrificial layer in sequence; performing an imprint step to transfer the transferred material layer on the convex portions onto a first portion of the sacrificial layer and to expose a second portion of the sacrificial layer; dry etching the second portion of the sacrificial layer and a second portion of the underlying thermosetting material layer to remain the first portion of the sacrificial layer and a first portion of the underlying thermosetting material layer by using the transferred material layer as a mask; and performing a wet stripping step by using a stripper to completely etch the first portion of the sacrificial layer and to lift off the overlying transferred material layer, wherein the stripper has a first etching rate and a second etching rate to the thermosetting material layer and the sacrificial layer respectively, and a ratio of the second etching rate to the first etching rate is greater than or equal to 30.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the material of the sacrificial layer may be PMMA 950K A6 provided by MicroChem Corp., Newton, Mass., U.S.A. or photoresist S1818 provided by Shipley Company, L.L.C., Marlborough, Mass., U.S.A., the stripper may be acetone, such as TAIMAX acetone provided by Taiwan Maxwave Co., Ltd.
The foregoing aspects and many of the attendant advantages of this invention are more readily appreciated as the same become better understood by reference to the following detailed description, when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:
Next, such as shown in
Simultaneously, a substrate 114 desired to be imprinted is provided, wherein the substrate 114 is preferably composed of a material that can resist the etching of the stripper 130 (referring to
Next, referring to
Next, referring to
According to the experiment discovery, the photosensitive photoresist material is used as the etching mask to pattern the thermosetting material layer in the conventional photolithography technique, and the photoresist layer swells due to that the photoresist layer absorbing a portion of the developer during the development process, so that the volume of the photoresist layer is expanded. Therefore, when the photoresist layer with the expanded volume is used as the etching mask to etch the pattern of the underlying material layer, the feature size of the formed pattern structure of the material layer is distorted. However, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the portions 112b of the transferred material layer 112 on the first portion 122 of the sacrificial layer 120 are used as the etching mask without using the photoresist layer as the etching mask, and the transferred material layer 112 does not experience the exposing and developing process, so that the transferred material layer 112 will not swell due to the developer. Therefore, by using the transferred material layer 112 as the dry etching mask, it can ensure that the pattern structures of the etched sacrificial layer 120 and the thermosetting material layer 118 are not distorted to greatly increase the fidelity of the achieved pattern structures of the sacrificial layer 120 and the thermosetting material layer 1118.
Then, referring to
In a preferred embodiment, the thermosetting material layer 118 may be composed of, for example, RN-1349 polyimide provided by Nissan Chemical Industries, the sacrificial layer 120 may be composed of, for example, PMMA, such as PMMA 950K A6 provided by MicroChem Corp., Newton, Mass., U.S.A., and the stripper 130 may be composed of TAIMAX acetone provided by Taiwan Maxwave Co., Ltd. In another preferred embodiment, the thermosetting material layer 118 may be RN-1349 polyimide provided by Nissan Chemical Industries, the sacrificial layer 120 may be photoresist S1818 provided by Shipley Company, L.L.C., Marlborough, Mass., U.S.A., and the stripper 130 may be acetone, such as TAIMAX acetone provided by Taiwan Maxwave Co., Ltd. After the etching of the first portion 122 of the sacrificial layer 120 is completed, the substrate 114 and the first portion 126 of the thermosetting material layer 118 on the substrate 114 are removed from the stripping tank 128 and are rinsed with the deionized water, and then a heating and baking treatment is performed to bake under substantially 100° C. for substantially three minutes. The first portion 126 of the thermosetting material layer 118 remained on the substrate 114 is the pattern structure 132 with the desired pattern, and the pattern of the pattern structure 132 are completely and reliably transferred from the pattern of the pattern stricture 104 of the mold 100.
The etching rate of the stripper 130 to the thermosetting material layer 118 is very small, and the etching rate of the stripper 130 to the sacrificial layer 120 is much larger than that of the stripper 130 to the thermosetting material layer 118, so that the sacrificial layer 120 can be completely etched by the stripper 130 in a very short time. Therefore, when the sacrificial layer 120 has been completely removed by the stripper 130, the first portion 126 of the thermosetting material layer 118 is hardly etched by the stripper 130 and is almost retained entirely, so as to precisely and exactly transfer the pattern of the pattern structure 104 of the mold 100 to the thermosetting material layer 118 to obtain the pattern structure 132 with the desired pattern. Accordingly, the pattern of the imprint mold 100 can be reliably transferred to the thermosetting material layer 118 with low thermal budget. Therefore, the fidelity and the reliability of the pattern transferred from the mold 100 to the thermosetting material layer 118 can be increased, and the process cost can be greatly reduced due to the decrease of the thermal budget.
According to the aforementioned embodiments of the present invention, one advantage of the present invention is that an imprint process of a thermosetting material of the present invention can accurately transfer a pattern on an imprint mold to a thermosetting material layer, thereby effectively increasing the accuracy and the reliability of the pattern transferred to the thermosetting material layer. Furthermore, the imprint process can be completed under the relatively lower temperature compared with the hot embossing nanoimprint process, so that the remaining thermal stress formed on the substrate and the thermosetting material layer due to high temperature can be decreased, and the substrate and the thermosetting material layer can be prevented from being damaged.
According to the aforementioned embodiments of the present invention, another advantage of the present invention is that an imprint process of a thermosetting material of the present invention can successively define the pattern of the thermosetting material with low thermal budget, thereby reducing the process cost and preventing the feature size of the transferred pattern of the thermosetting material from being distorted.
As is understood by a person skilled in the art, the foregoing preferred embodiments of the present invention are illustrated of the present invention rather than limiting of the present invention. It is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims, the scope of which should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar structure.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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98100535 | Jan 2009 | TW | national |