Patent Application
20230305391
The present invention relates to a salt, an acid generator, a resin, a resist composition and a method for producing a resist pattern.
JP 2010-77404 A mentions a resist composition comprising a resin including a structural unit derived from a salt represented by the following formula.
JP 2007-197718 A mentions a resist composition comprising a resin including a structural unit derived from a salt represented by the following formula.
The present invention provides a salt forming a resist pattern with line edge roughness (LER) which is better than that of a resist pattern formed by the above resist compositions.
The present invention includes the following inventions.
[1] A salt represented by formula (I):
wherein, in formula (I),
wherein, in formula (1a), Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a group obtained by combining these groups, or Raa1 and Raa2 may be bonded to each other to form an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms together with carbon atoms to which Raa1 and Raa2 are bonded, and
wherein, in formula (2a), Raa1′ and Raa2′ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, Raa3′ represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or Raa2′ and Raa3′ may be bonded to each other to form a heterocyclic group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms together with —C—Xa— to which Raa2′ and Raa3′ are bonded, and —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group and the heterocyclic group may be replaced by —O— or —S—,
wherein, in formula (X10-1) to formula (X10-10),
The salt according to [9], wherein X10 is a single bond or a group represented by any one of formula (X10-1) and formula (X10-5′) to formula (X10-6′):
wherein, in formula (X10-1) and formula (X10-5′) to formula (X10-6′),
wherein, in formula (a1-0), formula (a1-1) and formula (a1-2),
wherein, in formula (a2-A),
wherein, in formula (B1),
It is possible to produce a resist pattern with satisfactory line edge roughness (LER) by using a resist composition which uses a salt of the present invention.
In the present specification, “(meth)acrylic monomer” means “at least one of acrylic monomer and methacrylic monomer”. Descriptions such as “(meth)acrylate” and “(meth)acrylic acid” have the same meaning. In groups mentioned in the present specification, regarding groups capable of having both a linear structure and a branched structure, they may have either the linear or branched structure. “Combined group” means a group in which two or more exemplified groups are bonded by appropriately varying their valences, bonding forms and the like. “Derived” or “Induced” means that a polymerizable C═C bond included in the molecule becomes a —C—C— group (single bond) by polymerization. When stereoisomers exist, all stereoisomers are included.
In the present specification, “solid component of the resist composition” means the total amount of components in which the below-mentioned solvent (E) is removed from the total amount of the resist composition.
The present invention relates to a salt represented by formula (I) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “salt (I)”).
Of the salt (I), the side having positive charge is sometimes referred to as “cation (I)”, and the side having negative charge is sometimes referred to as “anion (I)”.
The cation (I) of the salt represented by formula (I) is a cation represented by formula (I-C).
wherein, in formula (I-C), all symbols are the same as defined in formula (I).
Examples of the alkanediyl group in L1 included in R1, R2 and R3 include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group and a hexane-1,6-diyl group; and
The acid-labile group as for R10 included in R1, R2 and R3 means a group in which a leaving group having a group represented by R10 is eliminated by contacting with an acid (e.g. trifluoromethanesulfonic acid) to form a carboxy group or a hydroxy group.
The acid-labile group is preferably a group represented by formula (1a) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “acid-labile group (1a)”) or a group represented by formula (2a) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “acid-labile group (2a)”):
wherein, in formula (1a), Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a group obtained by combining these groups, or Raa1 and Raa2 may be bonded to each other to form an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms together with carbon atoms to which Raa1 and Raa2 are bonded, and
wherein, in formula (2a), Raa1′ and Raa2′ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, Raa3′ represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or Raa2′ and Raa3′ may be bonded to each other to form a heterocyclic group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms together with —C—Xa— to which Raa2′ and Raa3′ are bonded, and —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group and the heterocyclic group may be replaced by —O— or —S—,
Examples of the alkyl group as for Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an n-butyl group, an n-pentyl group, an n-hexyl group, an n-heptyl group, an n-octyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group as for Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 4, and still more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkenyl group as for Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, an isopropenyl group, a butenyl group, an isobutenyl group, a tert-butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, an isooctenyl group and a nonenyl group.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group as for Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 may be either monocyclic or polycyclic. Examples of the monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group and a cyclooctyl group. Examples of the polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a decahydronaphthyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group and the following groups (* represents a bonding site). The number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group as for Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 is preferably 3 to 16, and more preferably 3 to 12.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group as for Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 include aryl groups such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a biphenyl group and a phenanthryl group. The number of carbon atoms of the aromatic hydrocarbon group as for Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 is preferably 6 to 14, and more preferably 6 to 10.
Examples of the combined group include groups obtained by combining the above-mentioned alkyl group and alicyclic hydrocarbon group (e.g., alkylcycloalkyl groups or cycloalkylalkyl groups, such as a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a methylnorbornyl group, a cyclohexylmethyl group, an adamantylmethyl group, an adamantyldimethyl group and a norbornylethyl group), aralkyl groups such as a benzyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon groups having an alkyl group (a p-methylphenyl group, a p-tert-butylphenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumenyl group, a mesityl group, a 2,6-diethylphenyl group, a 2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl group, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon groups having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group (a p-cyclohexylphenyl group, a p-adamantylphenyl group, etc.), aryl-cycloalkyl groups such as a phenylcyclohexyl group, and the like.
When Raa1 and Raa2 are bonded to each other to form an alicyclic hydrocarbon group together with carbon atoms to which Raa1 and Raa2 are bonded, examples of —C(Raa1)(Raa2)(Raa3) include the following groups. The alicyclic hydrocarbon group preferably has 3 to 16 carbon atoms, and more preferably 3 to 12 carbon atoms. * represents a bonding site to —O—.
Examples of the group represented by formula (1a) include a 1,1,1-trialkyl group (a group in which Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3 are alkyl groups in formula (1a), and preferably a tert-butyl group), a 2-alkyladamantan-2-yl group (a group in which Raa1, Raa2, and carbon atom to which Raa1 and Raa2 are bonded form an adamantyl group, and Raa3 is an alkyl group in formula (1a)) and a 1-(adamantan-1-yl)-1,1-dialkyl group (a group in which Raa1 and Raa2 are alkyl groups, and Raa3 is an adamantyl group in formula (1a)).
Examples of the hydrocarbon group as for Raa1′, Raa2′ and Raa3′ include an alkyl group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and groups formed by combining these groups.
Examples of the alkyl group and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include the same groups as exemplified in Raa1, Raa2 and Raa3.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aryl groups such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a biphenyl group and a phenanthryl group.
Examples of the combined group include groups obtained by combining the above-mentioned alkyl group and alicyclic hydrocarbon group (e.g., cycloalkylalkyl groups or alkylcycloalkyl groups, such as a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a methylnorbornyl group, a cyclohexylmethyl group, an adamantylmethyl group, an adamantyldimethyl group and a norbornylethyl group), aralkyl groups such as a benzyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon groups having an alkyl group (a p-methylphenyl group, a p-tert-butylphenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumenyl group, a mesityl group, a 2,6-diethylphenyl group, a 2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl group, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon groups having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group (a p-cyclohexylphenyl group, a p-adamantylphenyl group, etc.), aryl-cycloalkyl groups such as a phenylcyclohexyl group, and the like.
When Raa2′ and Raa3′ are bonded to each other to form a heterocyclic group together with carbon atoms and Xa to which Raa2′ and Raa3′ are bonded, examples of —C(Raa1)(Raa2′)—Xa—(Raa3′) include the following groups. * represents a bonding site.
At least one of Raa1′ and Raa2′ is preferably a hydrogen atom.
Specific examples of the acid-labile group (1a) include the following groups. * represents a bonding site,
Specific examples of the acid-labile group (2a) include the following groups. * represents a bonding site.
The bonding site of R1, R2 and R3 to the benzene ring may be each independently the o-position, the m-position or the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of A1, A2 and A3, respectively. Particularly, R1, R2 and R3 are each independently bonded preferably at the p-position or the m-position, and more preferably at the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of A1, A2 and A3, respectively.
Preferably, R1, R2 and R3 are each independently a hydroxy group, —O—R10 or —O-L1-CO—O—R10, and more preferably —O—R10 or —O-L1-CO—O—R10.
When m1 is 2 or more, or when m2 or m3 is 1 or more and a plurality of R10 are present, a plurality of R10 may be the same or different from each other.
Examples of the halogen atom as for R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
The haloalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms as for R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which has a halogen atom, and examples thereof include an alkyl fluoride group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkyl chloride group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkyl bromide group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkyl iodide group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms and the like. Examples of the haloalkyl group include a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (a trifluoromethyl group, a pentafluoroethyl group, a heptafluoropropyl group, a nonafluorobutyl group, etc.), a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, a 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl group, a 3,3,4,4,4-pentafluorobutyl group, a chloromethyl group, a bromomethyl group, an iodomethyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the haloalkyl group is preferably 1 to 9, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms as for R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 include a chain hydrocarbon group such as an alkyl group or an alkanediyl group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and groups formed by combining these groups.
Examples of the alkyl group include linear or branched alkyl groups, for example, alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, an undecyl group and a dodecyl group
The alkanediyl group is a linear or branched alkanediyl group, and examples thereof include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group and a hexane-1,6-diyl group; and
The number of carbon atoms of the chain hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 9, still more preferably 1 to 6, yet more preferably 1 to 4, and further preferably 1 to 3.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be either monocyclic or polycyclic, and examples thereof include groups shown below. The bonding site can be any position.
Specific examples of the monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include monocyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a cyclononyl group, a cyclodecyl group and a cyclododecyl group. Examples of the polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include polycyclic cycloalkyl groups such as a decahydronaphthyl group, an adamantyl group and a norbornyl group. The number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is preferably 3 to 18, more preferably 3 to 16, and still more preferably 3 to 12.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, a biphenyl group, an anthryl group, a phenanthryl group, a binaphthyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 6 to 18, more preferably 6 to 14, and still more preferably 6 to 10.
Examples of the group formed by combining two or more groups of the chain hydrocarbon group, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic hydrocarbon group include groups formed by combining an aromatic hydrocarbon group with a chain hydrocarbon group (e.g., the aromatic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-*, the alkyl group-aromatic hydrocarbon group-*, the alkyl group-aromatic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-*, and —CH2— included in the alkanediyl group and the alkyl group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—), groups formed by combining an alicyclic hydrocarbon group with a chain hydrocarbon group (e.g., the alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-*, the alkyl group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-*, the alkyl group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-*, and —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group, the alkanediyl group and the alkyl group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—) and groups formed by combining an aromatic hydrocarbon group with an alicyclic hydrocarbon group (e.g., the aromatic hydrocarbon group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-*, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group-aromatic hydrocarbon group-* and —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—). * represents a bonding site.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-* include aralkyl groups such as a benzyl group and a phenethyl group.
Examples of the alkyl group-aromatic hydrocarbon group-* include a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumenyl group and the like.
Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-* include cycloalkylalkyl groups such as a cyclohexylmethyl group, a cyclohexylethyl group, a 1-(adamantan-1-yl)methyl group and a 1-(adamantan-1-yl)-1-methylethyl group.
Examples of the alkyl group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-* include cycloalkyl groups having an alkyl group, such as a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group and a 2-alkyladamantan-2-yl group.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-* include a phenylcyclohexyl group and the like.
Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group-aromatic hydrocarbon group-* include a cyclohexylphenyl group and the like.
In combination, two or more of alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic hydrocarbon groups and chain hydrocarbon groups may be respectively combined. Any group of the combined groups may also be bonded to the benzene ring.
When —CH2— included in the haloalkyl group or hydrocarbon group represented by R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 is replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S—, or —SO2—, the number of carbon atoms before replacement is taken as the total number of the haloalkyl group or hydrocarbon group. The number may be either 1, or 2 or more.
Examples of the group in which —CH2— included in the haloalkyl group and the hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO— include a hydroxy group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methyl group is replaced by —O—), a thiol group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methyl group is replaced by —S—), a carboxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— included in the ethyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkoxy group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —O—), an alkoxycarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkylcarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —CO—), an alkylcarbonyloxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —CO—O—), an alkylthio group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —S—), an alkylsulfonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —SO2—), an oxy group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —O—), a carbonyl group (a group in which —CH2-included in the methylene group is replaced by —CO—), a thio group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —S—), a sulfonyl group (a group in which —CH2-included in the methylene group is replaced by —SO2—), an alkanediyloxy group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —O—), an alkanediyloxycarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkanediylcarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —CO—), an alkanediylcarbonyloxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —CO—O—), an alkanediylthio group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —S—), an alkanediylsulfonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —SO2—), a cycloalkoxy group, a cycloalkylalkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy group, a haloalkoxy group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the haloalkyl group is replaced by —O—), a haloalkoxycarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the haloalkyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), a haloalkylcarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the haloalkyl group is replaced by —CO—), a haloalkylcarbonyloxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the haloalkyl group is replaced by —CO—O—), and a group obtained by combining two or more of these groups.
Examples of the alkoxy group include alkoxy groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, a hexyloxy group, an octyloxy group, a 2-ethylhexyloxy group, a nonyloxy group, a decyloxy group, an undecyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
The alkoxycarbonyl group, the alkylcarbonyl group and the alkylcarbonyloxy group represent a group in which a carbonyl group or a carbonyloxy group is bonded to the above-mentioned alkyl group or alkoxy group.
Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a butoxycarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group include alkylcarbonyl groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group. Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group include alkylcarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, an acetyloxy group, a propionyloxy group, a butyryloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylcarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylcarbonyloxy group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3.
Examples of the alkylthio group include alkylthio groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, a propylthio group, a butylthio group, a pentylthio group, a hexylthio group, an octylthio group, a 2-ethylhexylthio group, a nonylthio group, a decylthio group, an undecylthio group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylthio group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkylsulfonyl group include alkylsulfonyl groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group, a propylsulfonyl group, a butylsulfonyl group, a pentylsulfonyl group, a hexylsulfonyl group, an octylsulfonyl group, a 2-ethylhexylsulfonyl group, a nonylsulfonyl group, a decylsulfonyl group, an undecylsulfonyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylsulfonyl group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediyloxy group include alkanediyloxy groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methyleneoxy group, an ethyleneoxy group, a propanediyloxy group, a butanediyloxy group, a pentanediyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediyloxy group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediyloxycarbonyl group include alkanediyloxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methyleneoxycarbonyl group, an ethyleneoxycarbonyl group, a propanediyloxycarbonyl group, a butanediyloxycarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkanediylcarbonyl group include alkanediylcarbonyl groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenecarbonyl group, an ethylenecarbonyl group, a propanediylcarbonyl group, a butanediylcarbonyl group, a pentanediylcarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkanediylcarbonyloxy group include alkanediylcarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenecarbonyloxy group, an ethylenecarbonyloxy group, a propanediylcarbonyloxy group, a butanediylcarbonyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediyloxycarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylcarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylcarbonyloxy group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3.
Examples of the alkanediylthio group include alkanediylthio groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenethio group, an ethylenethio group, a propylenethio group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylthio group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediylsulfonyl group include alkanediylsulfonyl groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenesulfonyl group, an ethylenesulfonyl group, a propylenesulfonyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylsulfonyl group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the cycloalkoxy group include cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a cyclohexyloxy group and the like. Examples of the cycloalkylalkoxy group include cycloalkylalkoxy groups having 4 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a cyclohexylmethoxy group and the like. Examples of the alkoxycarbonyloxy group include alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, for example, a butoxycarbonyloxy group and the like. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy groups having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a benzoyloxy group and the like. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl groups having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a benzoyl group and the like. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy groups having 6 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a phenyloxy group and the like.
Examples of the haloalkoxy group, the haloalkoxycarbonyl group, the haloalkylcarbonyl group and the haloalkylcarbonyloxy group include haloalkoxy groups having 1 to 11 carbon atoms, haloalkoxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 11 carbon atoms, haloalkylcarbonyl groups having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and haloalkylcarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 11 carbon atoms, for example, groups in which one or more hydrogen atoms of the above-mentioned groups are substituted with a halogen atom.
Examples of the group in which —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO— include the following groups. Of the following groups, it is possible to exemplify groups in which —O— is replaced by —S— or —CO— is replaced by —SO2—, respectively. The bonding site can be any position.
Examples of the substituent which may be possessed by the hydrocarbon group as for R4, R5, R6, R7, R8 and R9 include a halogen atom, a cyano group and an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—).
Examples of the halogen atom include the same groups as mentioned above.
Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms include the same groups as mentioned above.
When —CH2— included in the alkyl group as the substituent is replaced by —O— or —CO—, the number of carbon atoms before replacement is taken as the total number of the alkyl group. Examples of the replaced group include a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group and the like.
Examples of the alkoxy group, the alkoxycarbonyl group, the alkylcarbonyl group and the alkylcarbonyloxy group include an alkoxy group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms, and include the same groups as mentioned above.
The hydrocarbon group may have one substituent or a plurality of substituents.
Examples of the hydrocarbon group as for A1, A2 and A3 include linear or branched chain hydrocarbon groups (e.g., an alkanediyl group, etc.), monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, aromatic hydrocarbon groups and the like, and the hydrocarbon group may be groups formed by combining two or more of these groups. The number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 to 19, more preferably 1 to 18, still more preferably 1 to 16, yet more preferably 1 to 14, and further preferably 1 to 12.
Examples of the chain hydrocarbon group include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group, a hexane-1,6-diyl group, a heptane-1,7-diyl group, an octane-1,8-diyl group, a nonane-1,9-diyl group, a decane-1,10-diyl group, an undecane-1,11-diyl group, a dodecane-1,12-diyl group, a tridecane-1,13-diyl group, a tetradecane-1,14-diyl group, a pentadecane-1,15-diyl group, a hexadecane-1,16-diyl group and a heptadecane-1,17-diyl group; and
The number of carbon atoms of the chain hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 to 18, more preferably 1 to 12, still more preferably 1 to 9, yet more preferably 1 to 6, further preferably 1 to 4, and still further preferably 1 to 3.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be either monocyclic or polycyclic, and examples thereof include groups show below. The bonding site can be any position.
Specific examples thereof include monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups which are monocyclic cycloalkanediyl groups such as a cyclobutane-1,3-diyl group, a cyclopentane-1,3-diyl group, a cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group and a cyclooctane-1,5-diyl group; and
The number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is preferably 3 to 18, more preferably 3 to 16, still more preferably 3 to 12, and yet more preferably 3 to 10.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aromatic hydrocarbon groups, for example, arylene groups such as a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, an anthrylene group, a biphenylene group and a phenanthrylene group. The number of carbon atoms of the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 6 to 18, more preferably 6 to 14, and still more preferably 6 to 10.
Examples of the group formed by combining two or more groups include groups formed by combining an alicyclic hydrocarbon group with an alkanediyl group, groups formed by combining an aromatic hydrocarbon group with an alkanediyl group, and groups formed by combining an alicyclic hydrocarbon group with an aromatic hydrocarbon group. In combination, two or more of chain hydrocarbon groups, alicyclic hydrocarbon groups and aromatic hydrocarbon groups may be respectively combined. Any group may be bonded to the benzene ring.
Examples of the group formed by combining an alicyclic hydrocarbon group with an alkanediyl group include a -divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-, an -alkanediyl group-divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-, an -alkanediyl group-divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group- and the like.
Examples of the group formed by combining an aromatic hydrocarbon group with an alkanediyl group include a -divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-, an -alkanediyl group-divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-, an -alkanediyl group-divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group- and the like.
Examples of the group formed by combining an alicyclic hydrocarbon group with an aromatic hydrocarbon group include an -aromatic hydrocarbon group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-, an -alicyclic hydrocarbon group-aromatic hydrocarbon group-, an -alicyclic hydrocarbon group-aromatic hydrocarbon group- an alicyclic hydrocarbon group- and the like.
In A1, A2 and A3, when —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—, the number of carbon atoms before replacement is taken as the total number of the hydrocarbon group. The number may be either 1, or 2 or more, and is preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the group in which —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2— include a hydroxy group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methyl group is replaced by —O—), a carboxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— included in the ethyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), a thiol group (a group in which —CH2-included in the methyl group is replaced by —S—), an alkoxy group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —O—), an alkoxycarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkylcarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —CO—), an alkylcarbonyloxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —CO—O—), an alkylthio group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —S—), an alkylsulfonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —SO2—), an oxy group (a group in which —CH2-included in the methylene group is replaced by —O—), a carbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —CO—), a thio group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —S—), a sulfonyl group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —SO2—), an alkanediyloxy group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —O—), an alkanediyloxycarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkanediylcarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —CO—), an alkanediylcarbonyloxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —CO—O—), an alkanediylsulfonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —SO2—), an alkanediylthio group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —S—), a cycloalkoxy group, a cycloalkylalkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy group, a group obtained by combining two or more groups of these groups, and the like.
Examples of the alkoxy group include alkoxy groups having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, a hexyloxy group, an octyloxy group, a 2-ethylhexyloxy group, a nonyloxy group, a decyloxy group, an undecyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
The alkoxycarbonyl group, the alkylcarbonyl group and the alkylcarbonyloxy group represent a group in which a carbonyl group or a carbonyloxy group is bonded to the above-mentioned alkyl group or alkoxy group.
Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a butoxycarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group include alkylcarbonyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group. Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group include alkylcarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, an acetyloxy group, a propionyloxy group, a butyryloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylcarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylcarbonyloxy group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3.
Examples of the alkylthio group include alkylthio groups having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, a propylthio group, a butylthio group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylthio group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkylsulfonyl group include alkylsulfonyl groups having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group, a propylsulfonyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylsulfonyl group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediyloxy group include alkanediyloxy group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methyleneoxy group, an ethyleneoxy group, a propanediyloxy group, a butanediyloxy group, a pentanediyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediyloxy group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediyloxycarbonyl group include alkanediyloxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methyleneoxycarbonyl group, an ethyleneoxycarbonyl group, a propanediyloxycarbonyl group, a butanediyloxycarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkanediylcarbonyl group include alkanediylcarbonyl groups having 2 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenecarbonyl group, an ethylenecarbonyl group, a propanediylcarbonyl group, a butanediylcarbonyl group, a pentanediylcarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkanediylcarbonyloxy group include alkanediylcarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenecarbonyloxy group, an ethylenecarbonyloxy group, a propanediylcarbonyloxy group, a butanediylcarbonyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediyloxycarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylcarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylcarbonyloxy group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 or 3.
Examples of the alkanediylsulfonyl group include alkanediylsulfonyl groups having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenesulfonyl group, an ethylenesulfonyl group, a propylenesulfonyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylsulfonyl group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediylthio group include alkanediylthio groups having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenethio group, an ethylenethio group, a propylenethio group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylthio group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the cycloalkoxy group include cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a cyclohexyloxy group and the like. Examples of the cycloalkylalkoxy group include cycloalkylalkoxy groups having 4 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a cyclohexylmethoxy group and the like. Examples of the alkoxycarbonyloxy group include alkoxycarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a butoxycarbonyloxy group and the like. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy groups having 7 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a benzoyloxy group and the like. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl groups having 7 to 20 carbon atoms, for example, a benzoyl group and the like. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy groups having 6 to 19 carbon atoms, for example, a phenyloxy group and the like.
Examples of the group in which —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2— include groups shown below. Examples of the group also include groups in which —O— is replaced by —S— or —CO— is replaced by —SO2—, respectively, among the groups shown below. The bonding site can be any position.
Examples of the substituent which may be possessed by the hydrocarbon group as for A1, A2 and A3 include the same groups as mentioned as for R4 to R9.
It is preferable that A1, A2 and A3 are each independently a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms (the hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, and —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—, in which at least one of —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—). Specifically, it is more preferable that A1 is ***-L011-X01-L012-, A2 is ***-L021-X02-L022-, and A3 is ***-L031-X03-L032- (X01, X02 and X03 each independently represent —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—, L011, L012, L021, L022, L031 and L032 each independently represent a single bond or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, and —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—, in which the total number of carbon atoms of L011 and L012 is 0 to 19, the total number of carbon atoms of L021 and L022 is 0 to 19, and the total number of carbon atoms of L031 and L032 is 0 to 19, and *** represents a bonding site to the benzene ring to which R1, R2 and R3 are bonded). It is still more preferable that A1 is ***—X01-L01- or ***-L01-X01—, A2 is ***—X02-L02- or ***-L02-X02—, and A3 is ***—X03-L03- or ***-L03-X03— (X01, X02 and X03 each independently represent —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—, L01, L02 and L03 each independently represent a single bond or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, the hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—, and *** represents a bonding site to the benzene ring to which R1, R2 and R3 are bonded). A1, A2 and A3 are preferably those having no substituent, except for replacement by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—.
Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms as for L011, L012, L021, L022, L031, L032, L01, L02 and L03 (the hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, and —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—) include the same groups as mentioned as for A1, A2 and A3 in the range of 1 to 19 carbon atoms.
Preferably, X01, X02 and X03 are each independently —O— or —S—, and more preferably —O—.
Preferably, L011, L012, L021, L022, L031, L032, L01, L02 and L03 are each independently a single bond or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—), more preferably a single bond or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—), still more preferably a single bond or a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 9 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the chain hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—), yet more preferably a single bond or an alkanediyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), further preferably a single bond or an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), and still further preferably a single bond or an alkanediyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—). Of these, a single bond, a methylene group, an ethane-1,1-diyl group, a propane-1,1-diyl group, a propane-2,2-diyl group, a carbonyl group, a carbonyloxy group, a carbonyloxymethylene group, an ethyleneoxy group, a methylenecarbonyloxymethylene group or an ethyleneoxycarbonyl group is preferable, and a single bond, a methylene group or a carbonyl group is more preferable.
The bonding site of A1, A2 and A3 to the benzene ring to which S+ is bonded may be each independently the o-position, the m-position or the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively. Particularly, they are each independently bonded preferably at the p-position or the m-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+. More specifically, when m1, m2 and m3 are 1, A1, A2 and A3 are each independently bonded preferably at the p-position or the m-position, and more preferably at the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively. When m1, m2 and m3 are 2, it is preferable that one of A1, one of A2 and one of A3 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and one of A1, one of A2 and one of A3 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that two of A1, two of A2 and two of A3 are each independently bonded at the m-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively. When m1, m2 and m3 are 3, it is preferable that two of A1, two of A2 and two of A3 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and one of A1, one of A2 and one of A3 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that two of A1, two of A2 and two of A3 are each independently bonded at the m-position and one of A1, one of A2 and one of A3 are each independently bonded at the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively. When m1, m2 and m3 are 4, it is preferable that two of A1, two of A2 and two of A3 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and two of A1, two of A2 and two of A3 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that two of A1, two of A2 and two of A3 are each independently bonded at the o-position and two of A1, two of A2 and two of A3 are each independently bonded at the m-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively.
m1 is preferably 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 1, 2 or 3, still more preferably 1 or 2, and yet more preferably 1.
m2 is preferably 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, still more preferably 0, 1 or 2, and yet more preferably 0 or 1.
m3 is preferably 0, 1, 2, 3 or 4, more preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, still more preferably 0, 1 or 2, and yet more preferably 0 or 1.
m4 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 4, and more preferably 0, 1 or 2.
m5 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 4, and more preferably 0, 1 or 2.
m6 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 4, and more preferably 0, 1 or 2.
m7 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, more preferably 0, 1 or 2, and still more preferably 0 or 1.
m8 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, more preferably 0, 1 or 2, and still more preferably 0 or 1.
m9 is preferably 0, 1, 2 or 3, more preferably 0, 1 or 2, and still more preferably 0 or 1.
R4, R5 and R6 each independently represent a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the haloalkyl group and the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), more preferably a halogen atom, an alkyl fluoride group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), still more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), yet more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, further preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, a hydroxy group or an alkoxy group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, and still further preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group or a hydroxy group.
In another embodiment, at least one of one or more R4, R5 and R6 may have an acid-labile group, R4, R3 and R6 may be each independently the same groups as for R1, R2 and R3, and when R1 is —O—R10, one or two R4 is/are preferably —O—R10 which is the same as for R1, and when R1 is —O—CO—O—R10, one or two R4 is/are preferably —O—CO—O—R10 which is the same as for R1, and when R1 is —O-L1-CO—O—R10, one or two R4 is/are preferably —O-L1-CO—O—R10 which is the same as for R1. A combination of R2 and R3 and a combination of R3 and R6 are the same as a combination of R1 and R4, respectively.
The bonding site of R4, R3 and R6 to the benzene ring may be each independently the o-position, the m-position or the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of A1, A2 and A3, respectively. Particularly, when m4, m5 and m6 are 1, R4, R5 and R6 are each independently bonded preferably at the p-position or the m-position, and more preferably at the m-position, with respect to the bonding site of A1, A2 and A3, respectively. When m4, m5 and m6 are 2, it is preferable that one of R4, one of R3 and one of R6 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and one of R4, one of R5 and one of R6 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that two of R4, two of R3 and two of R6 are each independently bonded at the m-position, with respect to the bonding site of A1, A2 and A3, respectively. When m4, m5 and m6 are 3, it is preferable that two of R4, two of R3 and two of R6 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and one of R4, one of R3 and one of R6 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that one of R4, one of R3 and one of R6 are each independently bonded at the o-position and two of R4, two of R5 and two of R6 are each independently bonded at the m-position, with respect to the bonding site of A1, A2 and A3, respectively. When m4, m5 and m6 are 4, it is preferable that two of R4, two of R5 and two of R6 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and two of R4, two of R5 and two of R6 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that two of R4, two of R3 and two of R6 are each independently bonded at the o-position and two of R4, two of R5 and two of R6 are each independently bonded at the m-position, with respect to the bonding site of A1, A2 and A3, respectively.
Preferably, R7, R8 and R9 each independently represent a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the haloalkyl group and the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), more preferably a halogen atom, an alkyl fluoride group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), still more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), and yet more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a hydroxy group, a methoxy group, a methyl group or a t-butyl group.
The bonding site of R7, R8 and R9 to the benzene ring may be each independently the o-position, the m-position or the p-position with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively. Particularly, when m7, m8 and m9 are 1, R7, R8 and R9 are each independently bonded preferably at the p-position or the m-position, and more preferably at the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively. When m7, m8 and m9 are 2, it is preferable that one of R7, one of R8 and one of R9 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and one of R7, one of R8 and one of R9 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that one of R7, one of R8 and one of R9 are each independently bonded at the m-position and one of R7, one of R8 and one of R9 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively. When m7, m8 and m9 are 3, it is preferable that two of R7, two of R8 and two of R9 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and one of R7, one of R8 and one of R9 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that two of R7, two of R8 and two of R9 are each independently bonded at the m-position and one of R7, one of R8 and one of R9 are each independently bonded at the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively. When m7, m8 and m9 are 4, it is preferable that two of R7, two of R8 and two of R9 are each independently bonded at the o-position or the m-position and two of R7, two of R8 and two of R9 are each independently bonded at the p-position or the m-position, and it is more preferable that two of R7, two of R8 and two of R9 are each independently bonded at the m-position, one of R7, one of R8 and one of R9 are each independently bonded at the o-position and one of R7, one of R8 and one of R9 are each independently bonded at the p-position, with respect to the bonding site of S+, respectively.
Examples of the cation (I) represented by formula (I-C) include a cation represented by formula (I-C-1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “cation (I-C-1)”):
wherein, in formula (I-C-1),
The bonding site of X01, X02 and X03 to the benzene ring is each independently the same bonding site of A1, A2 and A3 to the benzene ring.
Examples of the cation (I) of the salt (I) include cations represented by the following formula (I-c-1) to formula (I-c-142).
The anion (I) of a salt represented by formula (I) is an anion represented by formula (I-A):
wherein, in formula (I-A), all symbols are the same as defined in formula (I).
Examples of the perfluoroalkyl group represented by Qb1 and Qb2 include a trifluoromethyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a perfluoroisopropyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a perfluorosec-butyl group, a perfluorotert-butyl group, a perfluoropentyl group and a perfluorohexyl group.
Examples of the alkyl group represented by Qb1 and Qb2 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group and a hexyl group.
Preferably, at least one of Q1 and Q2 includes a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group, more preferably each independently is a fluorine atom or a perfluoroalkyl group, still more preferably each independently is a fluorine atom or a trifluoromethyl group, and yet more preferably both of them are fluorine atoms.
Examples of the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group in Lb1 include a linear alkanediyl group, a branched alkanediyl group, a monocyclic or polycyclic divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, or the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group may be a group formed by combining two or more of these groups.
Specific examples thereof include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group, a hexane-1,6-diyl group, a heptane-1,7-diyl group, an octane-1,8-diyl group, a nonane-1,9-diyl group, a decane-1,10-diyl group, an undecane-1,11-diyl group, a dodecane-1,12-diyl group, a tridecane-1,13-diyl group, a tetradecane-1,14-diyl group, a pentadecane-1,15-diyl group, a hexadecane-1,16-diyl group and a heptadecane-1,17-diyl group;
The group in which —CH2— included in the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group represented by Lb1 is replaced by —O— or —CO— includes, for example, a group represented by any one of formula (b1-1) to formula (b1-3). In groups represented by formula (b1-1) to formula (b1-3) and groups represented by formula (b1-4) to formula (b1-11) which are specific examples thereof, * and ** represent a bonding site, and * represents a bonding site to —Yb1.
In formula (b1-1),
In formula (b1-2),
In formula (b1-3),
In groups represented by formula (b1-1) to formula (b1-3), when —CH2— included in the saturated hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O— or —CO—, the number of carbon atoms before replacement is taken as the number of carbon atoms of the saturated hydrocarbon group.
Examples of the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group include those which are the same as the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group of Lb1.
Lb2 is preferably a single bond, a methylene group, —CH(CF3)— or —C(CF3)2—.
Lb3 is preferably a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Lb4 is preferably a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom included in the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a fluorine atom, and more preferably a methylene group, —CH(CF3)— or —C(CF3)2—.
Lb5 is preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lb6 is preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and a hydrogen atom included in the saturated hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a fluorine atom.
Lb7 is preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom included in the saturated hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a fluorine atom or a hydroxy group, and —CH2— included in the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—.
The group in which —CH2— included in the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group represented by Lb1 is replaced by —O— or —CO— is preferably a group represented by formula (b1-1) or formula (b1-3).
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-1) include groups represented by formula (b1-4) to formula (b1-8).
In formula (b1-4),
In formula (b1-5),
In formula (b1-6),
In formula (b1-7),
In formula (b1-8),
Lb8 is preferably a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Lb9 is preferably a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lb10 is preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 19 carbon atoms, and more preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lb11 is preferably a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lb12 is preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lb13 is preferably a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
Lb14 is preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
Lb15 is preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lb16 is preferably a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
Lb17 is preferably a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
Lb18 is preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, and more preferably a single bond or a divalent saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-3) include groups represented by formula (b1-9) to formula (b1-11).
In formula (b1-9),
In formula (b1-10),
In formula (b1-11),
In the group represented by formula (b1-9) to the group represented by formula (b1-11), when a hydrogen atom included in the saturated hydrocarbon group is substituted with an alkylcarbonyloxy group, the number of carbon atoms before replacement is taken as the number of carbon atoms of the saturated hydrocarbon group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group include an acetyloxy group, a propionyloxy group, a butyryloxy group, a cyclohexylcarbonyloxy group, an adamantylcarbonyloxy group and the like.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-4) include the followings.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-5) include the followings.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-6) include the followings.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-7) include the followings.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-8) include the followings.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-2) include the followings.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-9) include the followings.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-10) include the followings.
Examples of the group represented by formula (b1-11) include the followings.
Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group in which —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group represented by Yb1 is not replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO— include groups represented by formula (Y1) to formula (Y11) and formula (Y36) to formula (Y38).
When —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group represented by Yb1 is replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—, the number may be 1, or 2 or more. Examples of such group include groups represented by formula (Y12) to formula (Y35) and formula (Y39) to formula (Y43). —O— or —CO— of the groups represented by formula (Y12) to formula (Y35) and formula (Y39) to formula (Y43) may be replaced by —S— or —SO2—. The bonding site can be any position.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group represented by Yb1 is preferably a group represented by any one of formula (Y1) to formula (Y20), formula (Y26), formula (Y27), formula (Y30), formula (Y31) and formula (Y39) to formula (Y43), more preferably a group represented by formula (Y11), formula (Y15), formula (Y16), formula (Y20), formula (Y26), formula (Y27), formula (Y30), formula (Y31), formula (Y39), formula (Y40), formula (Y42) or formula (Y43), and still more preferably a group represented by formula (Y11), formula (Y15), formula (Y20), formula (Y26), formula (Y27), formula (Y30), formula (Y31), formula (Y39), formula (Y40), formula (Y42) or formula (Y43).
Examples of the substituent of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group represented by Yb1 include a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a hydroxy group (—CH2— included in the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 21 carbon atoms, a glycidyloxy group, a —(CH2)ja—CO—O—Rb1 group or a —(CH2)ja—O—CO—Rb1 group (wherein Rb1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a group obtained by combining these groups, —CH2— included in the alkyl group and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —SO2— or —CO—, and a hydrogen atom included in the alkyl group, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a hydroxy group or a fluorine atom, and ja represents an integer of 0 to 4).
Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group, a norbornyl group, an adamantyl group and the like. The alicyclic hydrocarbon group may have a chain hydrocarbon group, and examples thereof include a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is preferably 3 to 12, and more preferably 3 to 10.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aryl groups such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a biphenyl group and a phenanthryl group. The aromatic hydrocarbon group may have a chain hydrocarbon group or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and preferred are aromatic hydrocarbon groups which have a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms (a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumenyl group, a mesityl group, a p-methylphenyl group, a p-ethylphenyl group, a p-tert-butylphenyl group, a 2,6-diethylphenyl group, a 2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl group, etc.) and aromatic hydrocarbon groups which have an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms (a p-adamantylphenyl group, a p-cyclohexylphenyl group, etc.). The number of carbon atoms of the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 6 to 14, and more preferably 6 to 10.
Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, an octyl group, a nonyl group, a decyl group, an undecyl group, a dodecyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 6, and still more preferably 1 to 4.
Examples of the alkyl group substituted with a hydroxy group include hydroxyalkyl groups such as a hydroxymethyl group and a hydroxyethyl group.
Examples of the aralkyl group include a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a naphthylmethyl group and a naphthylethyl group.
Examples of the group in which —CH2— included in the alkyl group is replaced by —O—, —SO2— or —CO— include an alkoxy group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyloxy group, or a group obtained by combining these groups.
Examples of the alkoxy group include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, a hexyloxy group, a heptyloxy group, an octyloxy group, a decyloxy group and a dodecyloxy group. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is preferably 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 6, and still more preferably 1 to 4.
Examples of the alkylsulfonyl group include a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group, a propylsulfonyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylsulfonyl group is preferably 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 6, and still more preferably 1 to 4.
Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a butoxycarbonyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxycarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, and still more preferably 2 to 4.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group include an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylcarbonyl group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, and still more preferably 2 to 4.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group include an acetyloxy group, a propionyloxy group, a butyryloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylcarbonyloxy group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, and still more preferably 2 to 4.
Examples of the combined group include a group obtained by combining an alkoxy group with an alkyl group, a group obtained by combining an alkoxy group with an alkoxy group, a group obtained by combining an alkoxy group with an alkylcarbonyl group, a group obtained by combining an alkoxy group with an alkylcarbonyloxy group and the like.
Examples of the group obtained by combining an alkoxy group with an alkyl group include alkoxyalkyl groups such as a methoxymethyl group, a methoxyethyl group, an ethoxyethyl group, an ethoxymethyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxyalkyl group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, and still more preferably 2 to 4.
Examples of the group obtained by combining an alkoxy group with an alkoxy group include alkoxyalkoxy groups such as a methoxymethoxy group, a methoxyethoxy group, an ethoxymethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxyalkoxy group is preferably 2 to 12, more preferably 2 to 6, and still more preferably 2 to 4.
Examples of the group obtained by combining an alkoxy group with an alkylcarbonyl group include alkoxyalkylcarbonyl groups such as a methoxyacetyl group, a methoxypropionyl group, an ethoxyacetyl group, an ethoxypropionyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxyalkylcarbonyl group is preferably 3 to 13, more preferably 3 to 7, and still more preferably 3 to 5.
Examples of the group obtained by combining an alkoxy group with an alkylcarbonyloxy group include alkoxyalkylcarbonyloxy groups such as a methoxyacetyloxy group, a methoxypropionyloxy group, an ethoxyacetyloxy group, an ethoxypropionyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxyalkylcarbonyloxy group is preferably 3 to 13, more preferably 3 to 7, and still more preferably 3 to 5.
Examples of the group in which —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —SO2— or —CO— include groups represented by formula (Y12) to formula (Y35) and formula (Y39) to formula (Y43).
Particularly, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group in Yb1 (—CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—) is preferably an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —CO—, —S— or —SO2—), more preferably a group represented by any one of formula (w1-1) to formula (w1-24), still more preferably a group represented by any one of formula (w1-1) to formula (w1-6) and formula (w1-12) to formula (w1-24), and yet more preferably a group represented by any one of formula (w1-1) to formula (w1-3), formula (w1-15) and formula (w1-22):
wherein, in formula (w1-1) to formula (w1-24),
Yb1 is preferably a single bond or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, more preferably a single bond or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, still more preferably a single bond or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and yet more preferably a cyclohexanediyl group which may have a substituent, an adamantanediyl group which may have a substituent, a norbornanediyl group which may have a substituent, an adamantanelactonediyl group which may have a substituent or a norbornanelactonediyl group which may have a substituent, and —CH2— constituting the alicyclic hydrocarbon group, the cyclohxanediyl group, the adamantanediyl group or the norbornanediyl group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO— or —SO2—.
The substituent which may be possessed by Yb1 is preferably a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may be substituted with a hydroxy group (—CH2— included in the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—) or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, a cyano group, an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Examples of the halogen atom, the alkyl group, the alkoxy group and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group include the same groups as mentioned above. Of these, a fluorine atom, a hydroxy group, a methyl group or an ethyl group is preferable.
Examples of the halogen atom as for Rbb1 include the same halogen atoms as mentioned as for R4 to R9. Examples of the alkyl group which may have a halogen atom as for Rbb1 include the same alkyl groups and haloalkyl groups as mentioned as for R4 to R9 as long as the upper limit of the number of carbon atoms permits.
Rbb1 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms, still more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and yet more preferably a methyl group.
When X10 is a group represented by *-Ax-Ph-Ay-**, it is preferably a linking group represented by the following formula (X10).
In formula (X10), Ax represents bond species bonded to carbon atoms to which Rbb1 is bonded, and represents one bond species selected from the group consisting of a single bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond, an ester bond and a carbonic acid ester bond.
Ay represents bond species to which L10 is bonded, and represents one bond species selected from the group consisting of a single bond, an ether bond, a thioether bond, an ester bond and a carbonic acid ester bond.
When either Ax or Ay is a single bond, the other is preferably one selected from the group consisting of an ether bond, a thioether bond, an ester bond and a carbonic acid ester bond.
Rx represents a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl fluoride group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms. Of these, a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a trifluoromethyl group, a methyl group or an ethyl group is preferable.
mx represents an integer of 0 to 4, and preferably 0, 1 or 2. When mx is an integer of 2 or more, a plurality of Rx may be the same or different from each other.
The bonding site of Ay in the phenylene group is preferably the m-position or the p-position, and more preferably the p-position, with respect to a bonding site of Ax.
Examples of X10 include groups represented by the following formula (X10-1) to formula (X10-10). * and ** represent bonding sites, and * represents a bonding site to carbon atoms to which —Rbb1 is bonded.
Specific examples of the groups represented by formula (X10-3) to formula (X10-10) include groups represented by the following formulas.
Particularly, X10 is preferably a single bond or a group represented by any one of formula (X10-1) and formula (X10-3′) to formula (X10-10′), more preferably a single bond or a group represented by any one of formula (X10-1), formula (X10-4′), formula (X10-5′), formula (X10-6′) and formula (X10-10′), and still more preferably a single bond, a group represented by formula (X10-1), a group represented by formula (X10-5′) or a group represented by formula (X10-6′).
The hydrocarbon group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms as for L10 includes divalent aliphatic hydrocarbon groups (divalent chain hydrocarbon groups and divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, such as an alkanediyl group, an alkenediyl group and an alkynedyl group), divalent aromatic hydrocarbon groups and the like, and may be divalent hydrocarbon groups obtained by combining two or more of these groups.
Examples of the alkanediyl group include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group, a hexane-1,6-diyl group, a heptane-1,7-diyl group, an octane-1,8-diyl group, a nonane-1,9-diyl group, a decane-1,10-diyl group, an undecane-1,11-diyl group and a dodecane-1,12-diyl group; and
Examples of the alkenediyl group include an ethenediyl group, a propenediyl group, an isopropenediyl group, a butenediyl group, an isobutenediyl group, a tert-butenediyl group, a pentenediyl group, a hexenediyl group, a heptenediyl group, an octenediyl group, an isooctenediyl group and a nonenediyl group.
Examples of the alkynedyl group include an ethynediyl group, a propynediyl group, an isopropynediyl group, a butynediyl group, an isobutynediyl group, a tert-butynediyl group, a pentynediyl group, a hexynediyl group, an octynediyl group, a nonynediyl group and the like.
The number of carbon atoms of the chain hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 to 12, more preferably 1 to 9, still more preferably 1 to 6, yet more preferably 1 to 4, and further preferably 1 to 3.
The divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be monocyclic, polycyclic or spiro ring. Examples of the divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group include groups shown below. The bonding site can be any position.
Specifically, examples of the monocyclic divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group include monocyclic cycloalkanediyl groups such as a cyclobutane-1,3-diyl group, a cyclopentane-1,3-diyl group, a cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group, a cyclohexene-3,6-diyl group and a cyclooctane-1,5-diyl group; and examples of the polycyclic divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group include polycyclic cycloalkanediyl groups such as a norbornane-1,4-diyl group, a norbornane-2,5-diyl group, a 5-norbornene-2,3-diyl group, an adamantane-1,5-diyl group and an adamantane-2,6-diyl group.
The number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is preferably 3 to 18, more preferably 3 to 16, and still more preferably 3 to 12.
Examples of the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group include a phenylene group, a naphthylene group, an anthrylene group, a biphenylene group, a phenanthrylene group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 6 to 18, more preferably 6 to 14, and still more preferably 6 to 10.
Examples of the hydrocarbon group obtained by combining two or more groups include groups obtained by combining an alkanediyl group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group and/or an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and examples thereof include an -alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-, an -alkanediyl group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-, an -alkanediyl group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group-, an -alkanediyl group-aromatic hydrocarbon group-, an -aromatic hydrocarbon group-alkanediyl group- and the like.
—CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms as for L10 may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO— or —SO2—.
When the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms as for L10 has a substituent, or when —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO— or —SO2—, the number of carbon atoms before replacement is taken as the number of carbon atoms of the hydrocarbon group.
Examples of the group in which —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO— include a hydroxy group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methyl group is replaced by —O—), a carboxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— included in the ethyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), a thiol group (a group in which —CH2-included in the methyl group is replaced by —S—), an alkoxy group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —O—), an alkoxycarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkylcarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —CO—), an alkylcarbonyloxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —CO—O—), an oxy group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —O—), a carbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —CO—), a thio group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —S—), a sulfonyl group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methylene group is replaced by —SO2—), an alkanediyloxy group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —O—), an alkanediyloxycarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkanediylcarbonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —CO—), an alkanediylcarbonyloxy group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —CO—O—), an alkylthio group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —S—), an alkylsulfonyl group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkyl group is replaced by —SO2—), an alkanediylthio group (a group in which —CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —S—), an alkanediylsulfonyl group (a group in which-CH2— at any position included in the alkanediyl group is replaced by —SO2—), a cycloalkoxy group, a cycloalkylalkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyloxy group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy group, a group obtained by combining two or more of these groups and the like.
Examples of the alkoxy group include alkoxy groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, a hexyloxy group, an octyloxy group, a 2-ethylhexyloxy group, a nonyloxy group, a decyloxy group, an undecyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
The alkoxycarbonyl group, the alkylcarbonyl group and the alkylcarbonyloxy group represent a group in which a carbonyl group or a carbonyloxy group is bonded to the above-mentioned alkyl group or alkoxy group.
Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include alkoxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methoxycarbonyl group, an ethoxycarbonyl group, a butoxycarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group include alkylcarbonyl groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group. Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group include alkylcarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, an acetyloxy group, a propionyloxy group, a butyryloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxycarbonyl group, the alkylcarbonyl group and the alkylcarbonyloxy group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediyloxy group include alkanediyloxy groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methyleneoxy group, an ethyleneoxy group, a propanediyloxy group, a butanediyloxy group, a pentanediyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediyloxy group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediyloxycarbonyl group include alkanediyloxycarbonyl groups having 2 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methyleneoxycarbonyl group, an ethyleneoxycarbonyl group, a propanediyloxycarbonyl group, a butanediyloxycarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkanediylcarbonyl group include alkanediylcarbonyl groups having 2 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenecarbonyl group, an ethylenecarbonyl group, a propanediylcarbonyl group, a butanediylcarbonyl group, a pentanediylcarbonyl group and the like. Examples of the alkanediylcarbonyloxy group include alkanediylcarbonyloxy groups having 2 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenecarbonyloxy group, an ethylenecarbonyloxy group, a propanediylcarbonyloxy group, a butanediylcarbonyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediyloxycarbonyl group, the alkanediylcarbonyl group and the alkanediylcarbonyloxy group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 to 3.
Examples of the alkylthio group include alkylthio groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylthio group, an ethylthio group, a propylthio group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylthio group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkylsulfonyl group include alkylsulfonyl groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylsulfonyl group, an ethylsulfonyl group, a propylsulfonyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkylsulfonyl group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediylthio group include alkanediylthio groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenethio group, an ethylenethio group, a propylenethio group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylthio group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkanediylsulfonyl group include alkanediylsulfonyl groups having 1 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a methylenesulfonyl group, an ethylenesulfonyl group, a propylenesulfonyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediylsulfonyl group is preferably 1 to 11, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4, and yet more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the cycloalkoxy group include cycloalkoxy groups having 3 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a cyclohexyloxy group and the like. Examples of the cycloalkylalkoxy group include cycloalkylalkoxy groups having 4 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a cyclohexylmethoxy group and the like. Examples of the alkoxycarbonyloxy group include alkoxycarbonyloxy group having 2 to 16 carbon atoms, for example, a butoxycarbonyloxy group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the cycloalkoxy group and the cycloalkylalkoxy group is preferably 3 to 11, and more preferably 3 to 6. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxycarbonyloxy group is preferably 2 to 11, more preferably 2 to 6, still more preferably 2 to 4, and yet more preferably 2 to 3. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyloxy groups having 7 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a benzoyloxy group and the like. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-carbonyl groups having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, for example, a benzoyl group and the like. Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy group include aromatic hydrocarbon group-oxy groups having 6 to 17 carbon atoms, for example, a phenyloxy group and the like.
Examples of the group in which —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is replaced by —O—, —S—, —CO— or —SO2— include the following groups. —O— or —CO— of the following groups may be replaced by —S— or —SO2—. The bonding site can be any position.
Examples of the substituent which may be possessed by the hydrocarbon group as for L10 include a halogen atom, a cyano group and the like.
By the group in which —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group as for L10 is replaced by —O— or —CO—, L10 can substantially have substituents such as a hydroxy group, a carboxy group, an alkoxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group, an alkylcarbonyl group and an alkylcarbonyloxy group.
Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
The hydrocarbon group having 1 to 36 carbon atoms as for L10 may have one substituent or a plurality of substituents.
L10 is preferably a single bond, an alkanediyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms (in which —CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms (in which the cyclic hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, and —CH2— included in the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—) or a group obtained by combining an alkanediyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms with a cyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms (in which the cyclic hydrocarbon group may have a substituent, —CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—, and —CH2— included in the cyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—), more preferably a single bond, an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (in which —CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms (in which —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—), an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, a group obtained by combining an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms with an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms (in which —CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—, and —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—) or a group obtained by combining an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms with an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a substituent (—CH2-included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), still more preferably a single bond, an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (in which —CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms (in which —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), a phenylene group which may have a substituent, a group obtained by combining an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms with an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms (in which —CH2-included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—, and —CH2— included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—) or a group obtained by combining an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms with a phenylene group which may have a substituent (in which —CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—), and yet more preferably a single bond or alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms (in which —CH2— included in the alkanediyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—).
Examples of the anion (I) include the following anions.
It is also possible to exemplify, as specific examples of the anion (I), an anion in which the methyl group corresponding to Rbb1 of formula (I) is substituted with a hydrogen atom, in anions represented by formula (I-a-1) to formula (I-a-14). Of these, anions represented by formula (I-a-1) to formula (I-a-6) are preferable.
Specific examples of the salt (I) include salts obtained by optionally combining the above-mentioned cations and anions. Specific examples of the salt (I) are shown in the following table.
In the following table, the respective symbols represent symbols imparted to structures showing the above-mentioned anions and cations, and “to” represents that the salt (I) and the anion (I) correspond, respectively. For example, the salt (I-1) is a salt composed of an anion represented by formula (I-a-1) and a cation represented by formula (I-c-1), and is a salt shown below. The salt (I-2) is a salt composed of an anion represented by formula (I-a-2) and a cation represented by formula (I-c-1), and the salt (I-15) is a salt composed of an anion represented by formula (I-a-1) and a cation represented by formula (I-c-2).
Of these, the salt (I) is preferably salt (I-1) to salt (I-6), salt (I-15) to salt (I-20), salt (I-29) to salt (I-34), salt (I-43) to salt (I-48), salt (I-57) to salt (I-62), salt (I-71) to salt (I-76), salt (I-85) to salt (I-90), salt (I-99) to salt (I-104), salt (I-113) to salt (I-118), salt (I-127) to salt (I-132), salt (I-141) to salt (I-146), salt (I-155) to salt (I-160), salt (I-169) to salt (I-174), salt (I-183) to salt (I-188), salt (I-197) to salt (I-202), salt (I-211) to salt (I-216), salt (I-225) to salt (I-230), salt (I-239) to salt (I-244), salt (I-253) to salt (I-258), salt (I-267) to salt (I-272), salt (I-281) to salt (I-286), salt (I-295) to salt (I-300), salt (I-309) to salt (I-314), salt (I-323) to salt (I-328), salt (I-337) to salt (I-342), salt (I-351) to salt (I-356), salt (I-365) to salt (I-370), salt (I-379) to salt (I-384), salt (I-393) to salt (I-398), salt (I-407) to salt (I-412), salt (I-421) to salt (I-426), salt (I-435) to salt (I-440), salt (I-449) to salt (I-454), salt (I-463) to salt (I-468), salt (I-477) to salt (I-482), salt (I-491) to salt (I-496), salt (I-505) to salt (I-510), salt (I-519) to salt (I-524), salt (I-533) to salt (I-538), salt (I-547) to salt (I-552), salt (I-561) to salt (I-566), salt (I-575) to salt (I-580), salt (I-589) to salt (I-594), salt (I-603) to salt (I-608), salt (I-617) to salt (I-622), salt (I-631) to salt (I-636), salt (I-645) to salt (I-650), salt (I-659) to salt (I-664), salt (I-673) to salt (I-678), salt (I-687) to salt (I-692), salt (I-701) to salt (I-706), salt (I-715) to salt (I-720), salt (I-729) to salt (I-734), salt (I-743) to salt (I-748), salt (I-757) to salt (I-762), salt (I-771) to salt (I-776), salt (I-785) to salt (I-790), salt (I-799) to salt (I-804), salt (I-813) to salt (I-818), salt (I-827) to salt (I-832), salt (I-841) to salt (I-846), salt (I-855) to salt (I-860), salt (I-869) to salt (I-874), salt (I-883) to salt (I-888), salt (I-897) to salt (I-902), salt (I-911) to salt (I-916), salt (I-925) to salt (I-930), salt (I-939) to salt (I-944), salt (I-953) to salt (I-958), salt (I-967) to salt (I-972), salt (I-981) to salt (I-986), salt (I-995) to salt (I-1000), salt (I-1009) to salt (I-1014), salt (I-1023) to salt (I-1028), salt (I-1037) to salt (I-1042), salt (I-1051) to salt (I-1056), salt (I-1065) to salt (I-1070), salt (I-1079) to salt (I-1084), salt (I-1093) to salt (I-1098), salt (I-1107) to salt (I-1112), salt (I-1121) to salt (I-1126), salt (I-1135) to salt (I-1140), salt (I-1149) to salt (I-1154), salt (I-1163) to salt (I-1168), salt (I-1177) to salt (I-1182), salt (I-1191) to salt (I-1196), salt (I-1205) to salt (I-1210), salt (I-1219) to salt (I-1224), salt (I-1233) to salt (I-1238), salt (I-1247) to salt (I-1252), salt (I-1261) to salt (I-1266), salt (I-1275) to salt (I-1280), salt (I-1289) to salt (I-1294), salt (I-1303) to salt (I-1308), salt (I-1317) to salt (I-1322), salt (I-1331) to salt (I-1336), salt (I-1345) to salt (I-1350), salt (I-1359) to salt (I-1364), salt (I-1373) to salt (I-1378), salt (I-1387) to salt (I-1392), salt (I-1401) to salt (I-1406), salt (I-1415) to salt (I-1420), salt (I-1429) to salt (I-1434), salt (I-1443) to salt (I-1448), salt (I-1457) to salt (I-1462), salt (I-1471) to salt (I-1476), salt (I-1485) to salt (I-1490), salt (I-1499) to salt (I-1504), salt (I-1513) to salt (I-1518), salt (I-1527) to salt (I-1532), salt (I-1541) to salt (I-1546), salt (I-1555) to salt (I-1560), salt (I-1569) to salt (I-1574), salt (I-1583) to salt (I-1588), salt (I-1597) to salt (I-1602), salt (I-1611) to salt (I-1616), salt (I-1625) to salt (I-1630), salt (I-1639) to salt (I-1644), salt (I-1653) to salt (I-1658), salt (I-1667) to salt (I-1672), salt (I-1681) to salt (I-1686), salt (I-1695) to salt (I-1700), salt (I-1709) to salt (I-1714), salt (I-1723) to salt (I-1728), salt (I-1737) to salt (I-1742), salt (I-1751) to salt (I-1756), salt (I-1765) to salt (I-1770), salt (I-1779) to salt (I-1784), salt (I-1793) to salt (I-1798), salt (I-1807) to salt (I-1812), salt (I-1821) to salt (I-1826), salt (I-1835) to salt (I-1840), salt (I-1849) to salt (I-1854), salt (I-1863) to salt (I-1868), salt (I-1877) to salt (I-1882), salt (I-1891) to salt (I-1896), salt (I-1905) to salt (I-1910), salt (I-1919) to salt (I-1924), salt (I-1933) to salt (I-1938), salt (I-1947) to salt (I-1952), salt (I-1961) to salt (I-1966) and salt (I-1975) to salt (I-1980).
The salt (I) can be produced by reacting a salt represented by formula (I-a) with a salt represented by formula (I-b) in the presence of a catalyst, in a solvent:
wherein symbols R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R8, R9, m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, m7, m8, m9, A1, A2, A3, Qb1, Qb2, Lb1, Yb1, L10, X10, Rbb1 are the same as defined above, and
Examples of the catalyst include carbonyldiimidazole, a base catalyst (dimethylaminopyridine) and the like.
Examples of the solvent include chloroform, monochlorobenzene, acetonitrile and the like.
The reaction temperature is usually 15° C. to 80° C., and the reaction time is usually 0.5 to 24 hours.
Examples of the salt represented by formula (I-a) include salts represented by the following formulas. These salts can be easily produced by a known production method.
Examples of the compound represented by formula (I-b) compounds represented by the following formulas. These compound are easily available on the market, or can be easily produced by a known production method.
[Structural Unit Derived from Salt Represented by Formula (I)]
The structural unit derived from a salt represented by formula (I) is a structural unit represented by formula (IP) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (IP)).
Such structural unit (IP) functions as an acid generator similarly to the salt (I), and also functions as a structural unit constituting a compound or a resin.
[Resin Including Structural Unit (IP) Derived from Salt Represented by Formula (I)]
The resin of the present invention is a resin including a structural unit (IP) derived from a salt represented by formula (I) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “resin (Ap)”):
wherein, in formula (IP), symbols R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, R7, R1, R9, Rbb1, m1, m2, m3, m4, m5, m6, m7, m8, m9, A1, A2, A3, Qb1, Qb2, Lb1, Yb1, X10 and L10 are the same as defined above.
The structural unit (IP) indicates a state where a double bond of CH2═C—Rbb1 included in the salt (I) is cleaved.
The resin (Ap) may be either a homopolymer including the structural unit (IP) alone, or a copolymer including two or more structural units (IP).
The resin (Ap) may include a structural unit other than the structural unit (IP). As mentioned later, examples of the structural unit other than the structural unit (IP) include a structural unit having an acid-labile group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a1)”), a structural unit having no acid-labile group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (s)”), other structural unit (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (t)”) and a structural unit known in the relevant field. Here, the “acid-labile group” means a group having a leaving group which is eliminated by contact with an acid, thus converting a constitutional unit into a constitutional unit having a hydrophilic group (e.g. a hydroxy group or a carboxy group).
The content of the structural unit (IP) is usually 0.1 mol % or more, preferably 0.5 mol % or more, more preferably 0.8 mol % or more, and still more preferably 1 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (Ap). The content is also usually 100 mol % or less, preferably 50 mol % or less, more preferably 30 mol % or less, and still more preferably 10 mol % or less. Specifically, the content is usually 0.1 to 100 mol %, preferably 0.5 to 50 mol %, more preferably 0.8 to 30 mol %, and still more preferably 1 to 10 mol %.
As mentioned later, when the resin (Ap) is used for a resist composition, it may include, in addition to the structural unit (IP), a structural unit (a1).
As mentioned later, when the resin (Ap) is used for a resist composition, regardless of whether or not the structural unit (a1) is included, it may be used in combination with a resin including a structural unit (a1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “resin (A)”) and/or a resin other than the resin (A). Hereinafter, the resin (Ap) and/or the resin (A) is/are sometimes referred to as “resin (A) and/or the like”.
It is preferable that the resin (Ap) and the resin (A) each further include a structural unit other than the structural unit (a1), respectively.
Examples of the structural unit other than the structural unit (a1) include a structural unit having no acid-labile group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (s)”), other structural unit (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (t)”) and a structural unit known in the relevant field.
<Structural Unit (a1)>
The structural unit (a1) is derived from a monomer having an acid-labile group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “monomer (a1)”).
The acid-labile group contained in the resin (A) or the like is preferably a group represented by formula (1) (hereinafter also referred to as group (1)) and/or a group represented by formula (2) (hereinafter also referred to as group (2)):
wherein, in formula (1), Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a group obtained by combining these groups, or Ra1 and Ra2 are bonded to each other to form a nonaromatic hydrocarbon ring having 3 to 20 carbon atoms together with carbon atoms to which Ra1 and Ra2 are bonded,
wherein, in formula (2), Ra1′ and Ra2′ each independently represent a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, Ra3′ represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms, or Ra2′ and Ra3′ are bonded to each other to form a heterocyclic ring having 3 to 20 carbon atoms together with carbon atoms and X to which Ra2′ and Ra3′ are bonded, and —CH2— included in the hydrocarbon group and the heterocyclic ring may be replaced by —O— or —S—,
Examples of the alkyl group in Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group and the like.
Examples of the alkenyl group in Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 include an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, an isopropenyl group, a butenyl group, an isobutenyl group, a tert-butenyl group, a pentenyl group, a hexenyl group, a heptenyl group, an octenyl group, an isooctenyl group and a nonenyl group.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group in Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 may be either monocyclic or polycyclic. Examples of the monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group and a cyclooctyl group. Examples of the polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a decahydronaphthyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group and the following groups (* represents a bonding site). The number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group of Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 is preferably 3 to 16.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group in Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 include aryl groups such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a biphenyl group and a phenanthryl group.
Examples of the combined group include groups obtained by combining the above-mentioned alkyl group and alicyclic hydrocarbon group (e.g., alkylcycloalkyl groups or cycloalkylalkyl groups, such as a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a methylnorbornyl group, a cyclohexylmethyl group, an adamantylmethyl group, an adamantyldimethyl group and a norbornylethyl group), aralkyl groups such as a benzyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon groups having an alkyl group (a p-methylphenyl group, a p-tert-butylphenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumenyl group, a mesityl group, a 2,6-diethylphenyl group, a 2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl group, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon groups having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group (a p-cyclohexylphenyl group, a p-adamantylphenyl group, etc.), aryl-cycloalkyl groups such as a phenylcyclohexyl group, and the like.
Preferably, ma is 0 and na is 1.
When Ra1 and Ra2 are bonded to each other to form a nonaromatic hydrocarbon ring, examples of —C(Ra1)(Ra2)(Ra3) include the following rings. The nonaromatic hydrocarbon ring preferably has 3 to 12 carbon atoms. * represents a bonding site to —O—.
Examples of the hydrocarbon group in Ra1′, Ra2′ and Ra3′ include an alkyl group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and groups formed by combining these groups.
Examples of the alkyl group, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group, the aromatic hydrocarbon group, and groups formed by combining these groups include those which are the same as mentioned in Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3.
When Ra2′ and Ra3′ are bonded to each other to form a heterocyclic ring together with carbon atoms and X to which Ra2′ and Ra3′ are bonded, examples of —C(Ra1′)(Ra2′)—X—Ra3′ include the following rings. * represents a bonding site.
At least one of Ra1′ and Ra2′ is preferably a hydrogen atom.
na′ is preferably 0.
Examples of the group (1) include the following groups.
A group wherein, in formula (1), Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 are alkyl groups, ma=0 and na=1. The group is preferably a tert-butoxycarbonyl group.
A group wherein, in formula (1), Ra1 and Ra2 are bonded to each other to form an adamantyl group together with carbon atoms to which Ra1 and Ra2 are bonded, Ra3 is an alkyl group, ma=0 and na=1.
A group wherein, in formula (1), Ra1 and Ra2 are each independently an alkyl group, Ra3 is an adamantyl group, ma=0 and na=1.
Specific examples of the group (1) include the following groups. * represents a bonding site.
Specific examples of the group (2) include the following groups. * represents a bonding site.
The monomer (a1) is preferably a monomer having an acid-labile group and an ethylenic unsaturated bond, and more preferably a (meth)acrylic monomer having an acid-labile group.
Of the (meth)acrylic monomers having an acid-labile group, those having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 20 carbon atoms are preferably exemplified. When a resin (A) including a structural unit derived from a monomer (a1) having a bulky structure such as an alicyclic hydrocarbon group is used in a resist composition, it is possible to improve the resolution of a resist pattern.
The structural unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having a group (1) includes a structural unit represented by formula (a1-0) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as structural unit (a1-0)), a structural unit represented by formula (a1-1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as structural unit (a1-1)) or a structural unit represented by formula (a1-2) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as structural unit (a1-2)). Preferably, the structural unit is at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of a structural unit (a1-0), a structural unit (a1-1) and a structural unit (a1-2), and more preferably at least one structural unit selected from the group consisting of a structural unit (a1-1) and a structural unit (a1-2). These structural units may be used alone, or two or more structural units may be used in combination.
In formula (a1-0), formula (a1-1) and formula (a1-2),
Ra01, Ra4 and Ra5 are preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, and more preferably a methyl group.
La01, La1 and La2 are preferably an oxygen atom or *—O—(CH2)k01—CO—O— (in which k01 is preferably an integer of 1 to 4, and more preferably 1), and more preferably an oxygen atom.
Examples of the alkyl group, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group, the aromatic hydrocarbon group, and groups obtained by combining these groups in Ra02, Ra03 and Ra04 include the same groups as mentioned as for Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 of the group (1).
Examples of the alkyl group, the alkenyl group, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group, the aromatic hydrocarbon group, and groups obtained by combining these groups in Ra6 and Ra7 include the same groups as mentioned as for Ra1, Ra2 and Ra3 of formula (1).
The alkyl group in Ra02, Ra03 and Ra04 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and still more preferably a methyl group.
The alkyl group in Ra6 and Ra7 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group or a t-butyl group, and still more preferably an ethyl group, an isopropyl group or a t-butyl group.
The alkenyl group in Ra6 and Ra7 is preferably an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably an ethenyl group, a propenyl group, an isopropenyl group or a butenyl group.
The number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group as for Ra02, Ra03, Ra04, Ra6 and Ra7 is preferably 5 to 12, and more preferably 5 to 10.
The number of carbon atoms of the aromatic hydrocarbon group of Ra02, Ra03, Ra04, Ra6 and Ra7 is preferably 6 to 12, and more preferably 6 to 10.
The total number of carbon atoms of the group obtained by combining the alkyl group with the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is preferably 18 or less.
The total number of carbon atoms of the group obtained by combining the alkyl group with the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 18 or less.
Ra02 and Ra03 are preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group.
Ra04 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a cyclohexyl group or an adamantyl group.
Preferably, Ra6 and Ra7 are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 6 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a t-butyl group, an ethenyl group, a phenyl group or a naphthyl group, and still more preferably an ethyl group, an isopropyl group, a t-butyl group, an ethenyl group or a phenyl group.
m1′ is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, and more preferably 0 or 1.
n1 is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, and more preferably 0 or 1.
n1′ is preferably 0 or 1.
The structural unit (a1-0) includes, for example, a structural unit represented by any one of formula (a1-0-1) to formula (a1-0-18) and a structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Ra01 in the structural unit (a1-0) is substituted with a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group or other alkyl groups, and is preferably a structural unit represented by any one of formula (a1-0-1) to formula (a1-0-10), formula (a1-0-13) and formula (a1-0-14).
The structural unit (a1-1) includes, for example, structural units derived from the monomers mentioned in JP 2010-204646 A. Of these structural units, a structural unit represented by any one of formula (a1-1-1) to formula (a1-1-7) and a structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Ra4 in the structural unit (a1-1) is substituted with a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group or other alkyl groups are preferable, and a structural unit represented by any one of formula (a1-1-1) to formula (a1-1-4) is more preferable.
Examples of the structural unit (a1-2) include a structural unit represented by any one of formula (a1-2-1) to formula (a1-2-14), and a structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Ra5 in the structural unit (a1-2) is substituted with a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group or other alkyl groups, and a structure unit represented by any one of formula (a1-2-2), formula (a1-2-5), formula (a1-2-6) and formula (a1-2-10) to formula (a1-2-14) is preferable.
When the resin (A) or the like includes a structural unit (a1-0) and/or a structural unit (a1-1) and/or a structural unit (a1-2), the total content of them is usually 10 mol % or more, preferably 15 mol % or more, more preferably 20 mol % or more, still more preferably 25 mol % or more, and yet more preferably 30 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. The total content is also usually 95 mol % or less, preferably 90 mol % or less, more preferably 85 mol % or less, and still more preferably 70 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. Specifically, the total content is usually 10 to 95 mol %, preferably 15 to 90 mol %, more preferably 20 to 85 mol %, still more preferably 25 to 70 mol %, and yet more preferably 30 to 70 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
When the resin (A) or the like includes a structural unit (a1-0), the content is usually 5 mol % or more, and preferably 10 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. The content is also usually 80 mol % or less, preferably 75 mol % or less, and more preferably 70 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. Specifically, the content is usually 5 to 80 mol %, preferably 5 to 75 mol %, and more preferably 10 to 70 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
When the resin (A) or the like includes a structural unit (a1-1) and/or a structural unit (a1-2), the total content of them is usually 10 mol % or more, preferably 15 mol % or more, more preferably 20 mol % or more, still more preferably 25 mol % or more, and yet more preferably 30 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. The total content is also usually 95 mol % or less, preferably 90 mol % or less, more preferably 85 mol % or less, still more preferably 80 mol % or less, yet more preferably 75 mol % or less, and further preferably 70 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. Specifically, the total content is usually 10 to 90 mol %, preferably 15 to 85 mol %, more preferably 15 to 80 mol %, still more preferably 20 to 80 mol %, yet more preferably 20 to 75 mol %, and further preferably 20 to 70 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
In the structural unit (a1), examples of the structural unit having a group (2) include a structural unit represented by formula (a1-4) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a1-4)”):
wherein, in formula (a1-4),
Examples of the halogen atom in Ra32 and Ra33 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom in Ra32 include a trifluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a methyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl group, an ethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, a propyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutyl group, a butyl group, a perfluoropentyl group, a 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group and a perfluorohexyl group.
Ra32 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, and still more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
Examples of the alkyl group in Ra33 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group and a hexyl group. The alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and still more preferably a methyl group.
Examples of the alkoxy group in Ra33 include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, an isopropoxy group, a butoxy group, a sec-butoxy group, a tert-butoxy group, a pentyloxy group and a hexyloxy group. The alkoxy group is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methoxy group or an ethoxy group, and still more preferably a methoxy group.
Examples of the alkoxyalkyl group in Ra33 include a methoxymethyl group, an ethoxyethyl group, a propoxymethyl group, an isopropoxymethyl group, a butoxymethyl group, a sec-butoxymethyl group and a tert-butoxymethyl group. The alkoxyalkyl group is preferably an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a methoxymethyl group or an ethoxyethyl group, and still more preferably a methoxymethyl group.
Examples of the alkoxyalkoxy group in Ra33 include a methoxymethoxy group, a methoxyethoxy group, an ethoxymethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group, a propoxymethoxy group, an isopropoxymethoxy group, a butoxymethoxy group, a sec-butoxymethoxy group and a tert-butoxymethoxy group. The alkoxyalkoxy group is preferably an alkoxyalkoxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methoxyethoxy group or an ethoxyethoxy group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group in Ra33 include an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group. The alkylcarbonyl group is preferably an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and more preferably an acetyl group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group in Ra33 include an acetyloxy group, a propionyloxy group and a butyryloxy group. The alkylcarbonyloxy group is preferably an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and more preferably an acetyloxy group.
Ra33 is preferably a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkoxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a hydroxy group, a methyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group or an ethoxymethoxy group, and still more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a hydroxy group, a methyl group, a methoxy group or an ethoxyethoxy group.
Examples of the *—Xa31-(Aa32-Xa32)nc— include *—O—, *—CO—O—, *—O—CO—, *—CO—O-Aa32-CO—O—, *—O—CO-Aa32-O—, *—O-Aa32-CO—O—, *—CO—O-Aa32-O—CO— and *—O—CO-Aa32-O—CO. Of these, *—CO—O—, *—CO—O-Aa32-CO—O— or *—O-Aa32-CO—O— is preferable.
Examples of the alkanediyl group include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a propane-1,2-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group, a hexane-1,6-diyl group, a butane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,2-diyl group, a pentane-1,4-diyl group and a 2-methylbutane-1,4-diyl group.
Aa32 is preferably a methylene group or an ethylene group.
Aa30 is preferably a single bond, *—CO—O— or *—CO—O-Aa32-CO—O—, more preferably a single bond, *—CO—O— or *—CO—O—CH2—CO—O—, and still more preferably a single bond or *—CO—O—.
la is preferably 0, 1 or 2, more preferably 0 or 1, and still more preferably 0.
Examples of the hydrocarbon group in Ra34, Ra35 and Ra36 include an alkyl group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and groups obtained by combining these groups.
Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group and the like.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be either monocyclic or polycyclic. Examples of the monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group and a cyclooctyl group. Examples of the polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a decahydronaphthyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group, and the following groups (* represents a bonding site).
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aryl groups such as a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a biphenyl group and a phenanthryl group.
Examples of the combined group include groups obtained by combining the above-mentioned alkyl group and alicyclic hydrocarbon group (e.g., alkylcycloalkyl groups or cycloalkylalkyl groups, such as a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a methylnorbornyl group, a cyclohexylmethyl group, an adamantylmethyl group, an adamantyldimethyl group and a norbornylethyl group), aralkyl groups such as a benzyl group, aromatic hydrocarbon groups having an alkyl group (a p-methylphenyl group, a p-tert-butylphenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumenyl group, a mesityl group, a 2,6-diethylphenyl group, a 2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl group, etc.), aromatic hydrocarbon groups having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group (a p-cyclohexylphenyl group, a p-adamantylphenyl group, etc.), aryl-cycloalkyl groups such as a phenylcyclohexyl group and the like. Particularly, examples of Ra36 include an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a group formed by combining these groups.
Ra34 is preferably a hydrogen atom.
Ra35 is preferably a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
The hydrocarbon group of Ra36 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a group formed by combining these groups, and more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms or an aralkyl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms. The alkyl group and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group in Ra36 are preferably unsubstituted. The aromatic hydrocarbon group in Ra36 is preferably an aromatic ring having an aryloxy group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms.
—OC(Ra34)(Ra33)—O—Ra36 in the structural unit (a1-4) is eliminated by contacting with an acid (e.g., p-toluenesulfonic acid) to form a hydroxy group.
—OC(Ra34)(Ra33)—O—Ra36 is preferably bonded at the m-position or the p-position, and more preferably the p-position of the benzene ring.
The structural unit (a1-4) includes, for example, structural units derived from the monomers mentioned in JP 2010-204646 A. The structural unit preferably includes structural units represented by formula (a1-4-1) to formula (a1-4-24) and a structural unit in which a hydrogen atom corresponding to Ra32 in the structural unit (a1-4) is substituted with a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group or an alkyl group, and more preferably structural units represented by formula (a1-4-1) to formula (a1-4-5), formula (a1-4-10), formula (a1-4-13), formula (a1-4-14), formula (a1-4-19) and formula (a1-4-20).
When the resin (A) or the like includes the structural unit (a1-4), the content is preferably 3 to 80 mol %, more preferably 5 to 75 mol %, still more preferably 7 to 70 mol %, yet more preferably 7 to 65 mol %, and further preferably 10 to 60 mol %, based on the total of all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
The structural unit derived from a (meth)acrylic monomer having a group (2) also includes a structural unit represented by formula (a1-5) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a1-5)”):
wherein, in formula (a1-5),
The halogen atom includes a fluorine atom and a chlorine atom and is preferably a fluorine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a fluoromethyl group and a trifluoromethyl group.
In formula (a1-5), Ra8 is preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or a trifluoromethyl group,
The structural unit (a1-5) includes, for example, structural units derived from the monomers mentioned in JP 2010-61117 A. Of these structural units, structural units represented by formula (a1-5-1) to formula (a1-5-4) are preferable, and structural units represented by formula (a1-5-1) or formula (a1-5-2) are more preferable.
When the resin (A) or the like includes the structural unit (a1-5), the content is preferably 1 to 50 mol %, more preferably 3 to 45 mol %, still more preferably 5 to 40 mol %, and yet more preferably 5 to 30 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
The structural unit (a1) also includes the following structural units.
When the resin (A) or the like includes structural units such as (a1-3-1) to (a1-3-7), the content is preferably 10 to 95 mol %, more preferably 15 to 90 mol %, still more preferably 20 to 85 mol %, yet more preferably 20 to 70 mol %, and particularly preferably 20 to 60 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
The structural unit (a1) also includes the following structural units.
When the resin (A) or the like includes structural units such as (a1-6-1) to (a1-6-3), the content is preferably 10 to 60 mol %, more preferably 15 to 55 mol %, still more preferably 20 to 50 mol %, yet more preferably 20 to 45 mol %, and particularly preferably 20 to 40 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
<Structural Unit (s)>
The structural unit (s) is derived from a monomer having no acid-labile group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “monomer (s)”). It is possible to use, as the monomer from which the structural unit (s) is derived, a monomer having no acid-labile group known in the resist field.
The structural unit (s) preferably has a hydroxy group or a lactone ring. When a resin including a structural unit having a hydroxy group and having no acid-labile group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a2)”) and/or a structural unit having a lactone ring and having no acid-labile group (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a3)”) is used in the resist composition of the present invention, it is possible to improve the resolution of a resist pattern and the adhesion to a substrate.
<Structural Unit (a2)>
The structural unit (a2) is a structural unit represented by formula (a2) and has an alcoholic hydroxy group or phenolic hydroxy group:
wherein, in formula (a2),
Examples of the halogen atom in Ra50 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom in Ra50 include a trifluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a methyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl group, an ethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, a propyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutyl group, a butyl group, a perfluoropentyl group, a 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group and a perfluorohexyl group. The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 4, more preferably 1 to 3, and still more preferably 1 or 2.
Ra50 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, and still more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
Examples of the alkanediyl group as for Aa52 in Aa50 include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a propane-1,2-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group, a hexane-1,6-diyl group, a heptane-1,7-diyl group, an octane-1,8-diyl group, a butane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,2-diyl group, a pentane-1,4-diyl group and a 2-methylbutane-1,4-diyl group. The number of carbon atoms of the alkanediyl group is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 4, still more preferably 1 to 3, and yet more preferably 1 or 2.
Aa52 is preferably a methylene group or an ethylene group.
Examples of *—Xa51-(Aa52-Xa52)nb— include *—O—, *—CO—O—, *—O—CO—, *—CO—O-Aa52-CO—O—, *—O—CO-Aa52-O—, *—O-Aa52-CO—O—, *—CO—O-Aa52-O—CO— and *—O—CO-Aa52-O—CO—. Of these, *—CO—O—, *—CO—O-Aa52-CO—O— or *—O-Aa52-CO—O— is preferable.
Aa50 is preferably a single bond, *—CO—O— or *—CO—O-Aa52-CO—O—, more preferably a single bond, *—CO—O— or *—CO—O—CH2—CO—O—, and still more preferably a single bond or *—CO—O—.
Examples of the cyclic hydrocarbon group as for Wa50 include a divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group and a divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group.
Examples of the monocyclic divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group in Wa50 include monocyclic cycloalkanediyl groups such as a cyclopentane-1,3-diyl group, a cyclohexane-1,4-diyl group and a cyclooctane-1,5-diyl group. Examples of the polycyclic divalent alicyclic hydrocarbon group include polycyclic cycloalkanediyl groups such as a norbornane-1,4-diyl group, a norbornane-2,5-diyl group, an adamantane-1,5-diyl group and an adamantane-2,6-diyl group.
The number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group is preferably 6 to 12, and more preferably 6 to 10.
Examples of the divalent aromatic hydrocarbon group in Wa50 include a phenylene group and a naphthyl group.
The number of carbon atoms of the aromatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 6 to 12, and more preferably 6 to 10.
Examples of the substituent which may be possessed by the cyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms as for Wa50 include a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkoxyalkoxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an acryloyloxy group or a methacryloyloxy group. The number of substituents possessed by Wa50 may be 1, or 2 or more.
Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group and a hexyl group. The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 4, and still more preferably 1 to 3. The alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and still more preferably a methyl group.
Examples of the haloalkyl group include a trifluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutyl group, a perfluoropentyl group, a 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, a chloromethyl group, a bromomethyl group, an iodomethyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the haloalkyl group is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 4, and still more preferably 1 to 3.
Examples of the alkoxy group include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, an isopropoxy group, a butoxy group, a sec-butoxy group and a tert-butoxy group. The number of carbon atoms of the alkoxy group is preferably 1 to 6, more preferably 1 to 4, and still more preferably 1 to 3. The alkoxy group is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methoxy group or an ethoxy group, and still more preferably a methoxy group.
Examples of the alkoxyalkyl group include a methoxymethyl group, an ethoxyethyl group, a propoxymethyl group, an isopropoxymethyl group, a butoxymethyl group, a sec-butoxymethyl group and a tert-butoxymethyl group. The alkoxyalkyl group is preferably an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a methoxymethyl group or an ethoxyethyl group, and still more preferably a methoxymethyl group.
Examples of the alkoxyalkoxy group include a methoxymethoxy group, a methoxyethoxy group, an ethoxymethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group, a propoxymethoxy group, an isopropoxymethoxy group, a butoxymethoxy group, a sec-butoxymethoxy group and a tert-butoxymethoxy group. The alkoxyalkoxy group is preferably an alkoxyalkoxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methoxyethoxy group or an ethoxyethoxy group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group include an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group. The alkylcarbonyl group is preferably an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and more preferably an acetyl group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group include an acetyloxy group, a propionyloxy group and a butyryloxy group. The alkylcarbonyloxy group is preferably an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and more preferably an acetyloxy group.
The substituent of the cyclic hydrocarbon group as for Wa50 is preferably a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkoxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a hydroxy group, a methyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group or an ethoxymethoxy group, and still more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a hydroxy group, a methyl group, a methoxy group or an ethoxyethoxy group.
Examples of the chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms as for La50 include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a propane-1,2-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group, a hexane-1,6-diyl group, a heptane-1,7-diyl group, an octane-1,8-diyl group, a nonane-1,9-diyl group, a decane-1,10-diyl group, an undecane-1,11-diyl group and a dodecane-1,12-diyl group; and branched alkanediyl groups such as an ethane-1,1-diyl group, a propane-1,1-diyl group, a propane-1,2-diyl group, a propane-2,2-diyl group, a 1-methylpropane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,2-diyl group, a 1-dimethylpropane-1,3-diyl group, a pentane-2,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,4-diyl group and a 2-methylbutane-1,4-diyl group.
The number of carbon atoms of the chain hydrocarbon group is preferably 1 to 10, more preferably 1 to 8, still more preferably 1 to 6, and yet more preferably 1 to 4.
The number of fluorine atoms possessed by La50 may be 1, or 2 or more.
ma50 is preferably an integer of 1 to 4, and more preferably an integer of 1 to 3.
When a resist pattern is produced from the resist composition of the present invention, in the case of using, as an exposure source, high energy rays such as KrF excimer laser (248 nm), electron beam or extreme ultraviolet light (EUV), a structural unit (a2) having a phenolic hydroxy group is preferably used, and the below-mentioned structural unit (a2-A) is more preferably used, as the structural unit (a2). When using ArF excimer laser (193 nm) or the like, a structural unit (a2) having an alcoholic hydroxy group is preferably used, and the below-mentioned structural unit (a2-1) is more preferably used, as the structural unit (a2). The structural unit (a2) may be included alone, or two or more structural units may be included.
In the structural unit (a2), examples of the structural unit having a phenolic hydroxy group include a structural unit represented by formula (a2-A) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a2-A)”):
wherein, in formula (a2-A),
Examples of Ra50 and Aa50 include the same groups as mentioned in formula (a2).
Examples of the halogen atom in Ra50 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom and a bromine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group in Ra51 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group and a hexyl group. The alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group, and still more preferably a methyl group.
Examples of the alkoxy group in Ra51 include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, an isopropoxy group, a butoxy group, a sec-butoxy group and a tert-butoxy group. The alkoxy group is preferably an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a methoxy group or an ethoxy group, and still more preferably a methoxy group.
Examples of the alkoxyalkyl group in Ra51 include a methoxymethyl group, an ethoxyethyl group, a propoxymethyl group, an isopropoxymethyl group, a butoxymethyl group, a sec-butoxymethyl group and a tert-butoxymethyl group. The alkoxyalkyl group is preferably an alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a methoxymethyl group or an ethoxyethyl group, and still more preferably a methoxymethyl group.
Examples of the alkoxyalkoxy group in Ra51 include a methoxymethoxy group, a methoxyethoxy group, an ethoxymethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group, a propoxymethoxy group, an isopropoxymethoxy group, a butoxymethoxy group, a sec-butoxymethoxy group and a tert-butoxymethoxy group. The alkoxyalkoxy group is preferably an alkoxyalkoxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methoxyethoxy group or an ethoxyethoxy group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group in Ra51 include an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group. The alkylcarbonyl group is preferably an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and more preferably an acetyl group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group in Ra51 include an acetyloxy group, a propionyloxy group and a butyryloxy group. The alkylcarbonyloxy group is preferably an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms, and more preferably an acetyloxy group.
Ra51 is preferably a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkoxyalkoxy group having 2 to 8 carbon atoms, more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a hydroxy group, a methyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group or an ethoxymethoxy group, and still more preferably a fluorine atom, an iodine atom, a hydroxy group, a methyl group, a methoxy group or an ethoxyethoxy group.
mb is preferably 0, 1 or 2, and more preferably 0 or 1.
At least one hydroxy group is preferably bonded at the m-position or the p-position of the benzene ring. When having two or more hydroxy groups, two hydroxy groups are preferably bonded at the m-position and the p-position, respectively.
Examples of the structural unit (a2-A) include structural units derived from the monomers mentioned in JP 2010-204634 A and JP 2012-12577 A.
Examples of the structural unit (a2-A) include structural units represented by formula (a2-2-1) to formula (a2-2-24), and a structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Ra50 in the structural unit (a2-A) is substituted with a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group or other alkyl groups in structural units represented by formula (a2-2-1) to formula (a2-2-24). The structural unit (a2-A) is preferably structural units represented by formula (a2-2-1) to formula (a2-2-4), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-6), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-8), structural units represented by formula (a2-2-12) to formula (a2-2-18), and a structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Ra50 in the structural unit (a2-A) is substituted with a hydrogen atom in structural units represented by formula (a2-2-1) to formula (a2-2-4), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-6), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-8) and structural units represented by formula (a2-2-12) to formula (a2-2-18), more preferably a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-3), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-4), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-8), structural units represented by formula (a2-2-12) to formula (a2-2-14), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-18), and a structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Ra50 in the structural unit (a2-A) is substituted with a hydrogen atom in a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-3), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-4), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-8), structural units represented by formula (a2-2-12) to formula (a2-2-14) and a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-18), and still more preferably a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-3), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-4), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-8), and a structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Ra50 in the structural unit (a2-A) is substituted with a hydrogen atom in a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-3), a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-4) and a structural unit represented by formula (a2-2-8).
When the structural unit (a2-A) is included in the resin (A) or the like, the content of the structural unit (a2-A) is preferably 5 mol % or more, more preferably 10 mol % or more, still more preferably 15 mol % or more, and yet more preferably 20 mol % or more, based on all structural units. The content is also preferably 80 mol % or less, more preferably 70 mol % or less, and still more preferably 65 mol % or less, based on all structural units. Specifically, the content is preferably 5 to 80 mol %, more preferably 10 to 70 mol %, still more preferably 15 to 65 mol %, and yet more preferably 20 to 65 mol %, based on all structural units.
The structural unit (a2-A) can be included in the resin (A) or the like by polymerizing, for example, with a structural unit (a1-4) and treating with an acid such as p-toluenesulfonic acid. The structural unit (a2-A) can also be included in the resin (A) or the like by polymerizing with acetoxystyrene and treating with an alkali such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide.
Examples of the structural unit (a2-A) also include a structural unit represented by the following formula (a2-A1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a2-A1)”) and a structural unit represented by the following formula (a2-A2) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a2-A2)”):
wherein, in formula (a2-A1) and formula (a2-A2),
Examples of the halogen atom as for Ra52 include the same halogen atoms as in the substituent of the cyclic hydrocarbon group as for Wa50 and Ra51. The halogen atom as for Ra52 is preferably a fluorine atom or an iodine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, the alkoxyalkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, the alkoxyalkoxy group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms, the alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, the acryloyloxy group or the methacryloyloxy group as for Ra53 include the same as the alkyl group, the alkoxy group, the alkoxyalkyl group, the alkoxyalkoxy group, the alkylcarbonyl group, the alkylcarbonyloxy group, the acryloyloxy group or the methacryloyloxy group in the substituent of the cyclic hydrocarbon group as for Wa50 and Ra51, and a methyl group, a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, an ethoxyethoxy group or an ethoxymethoxy group is more preferable, and a methoxy group or an ethoxyethoxy group is still more preferable.
mb1 is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, more preferably an integer of 0 to 2, and still more preferably 0 or 1.
mb2 is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, more preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and still more preferably 1 or 2.
mb3 is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, more preferably an integer of 0 to 2, and still more preferably 0 or 1.
Examples of the structural unit having an alcoholic hydroxy group in the structural unit (a2) include a structural unit represented by formula (a2-1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a2-1)”):
wherein, in formula (a2-1),
In formula (a2-1), La3 is preferably —O— or —O—(CH2)f1—CO—O— (f1 represents an integer of 1 to 4), and more preferably —O—,
The structural unit (a2-1) includes, for example, structural units derived from the monomers mentioned in JP 2010-204646 A. A structural unit represented by any one of formula (a2-1-1) to formula (a2-1-6) is preferable, a structural unit represented by any one of formula (a2-1-1) to formula (a2-1-4) is more preferable, and a structural unit represented by formula (a2-1-1) or formula (a2-1-3) is still more preferable.
When the resin (A) or the like includes the structural unit (a2-1), the content is usually 1 mol % or more, and preferably 2 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. The content is also usually 45 mol % or less, preferably 40 mol % or less, more preferably 35 mol % or less, still more preferably 20 mol % or less, and yet more preferably 10 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. Specifically, the content is usually 1 to 45 mol %, preferably 1 to 40 mol %, more preferably 1 to 35 mol %, still more preferably 1 to 20 mol %, and yet more preferably 1 to 10 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
Examples of the structural unit having an alcoholic hydroxy group in the structural unit (a2) include a structural unit represented by formula (a2-B) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a2-B)”):
wherein, in formula (a2-B),
Examples of the alkyl fluoride group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms as for Ra54 and Ra55 include a trifluoromethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 3,3,3-trifluoropropyl group, a 4,4,4-trifluorobutyl group and the like. Ra54 and Ra55 are preferably a trifluoromethyl group.
Examples of the alkanediyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms as for La51 include a methylene group, an ethane-1,1-diyl group, a propane-1,1-diyl group, a propane-2,2-diyl group and the like. La51 is preferably a single bond or a methylene group.
Examples of the halogen atom as for Ra56 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
The haloalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms in Ra56 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms which has a halogen atom, and examples thereof include a chloromethyl group, a bromomethyl group, a fluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a perfluorobutyl and the like.
Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms in Ra56 include alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group and a nonyl group. The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 9, more preferably 1 to 6, and still more preferably 1 to 4.
When —CH2— included in the alkyl group represented by Ra56 is replaced by —O— or —CO—, the number of carbon atoms before replacement is taken as the total number of the alkyl group. Ra56 may also have a hydroxy group (a group in which —CH2— included in the methyl group is replaced by —O—), a carboxyl group (a group in which —CH2—CH2— included in the ethyl group is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkoxy group having 1 to 11 carbon atoms (a group in which —CH2— included in the alkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is replaced by —O—), an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms (a group in which —CH2—CH2— included in the alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms is replaced by —O—CO—), an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms (a group in which —CH2— included in the alkyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms is replaced by —CO—) and an alkylcarbonyloxy group having 2 to 11 carbon atoms (a group in which —CH2—CH2— included in the alkyl group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms is replaced by —CO—O—).
Particularly, Ra56 is preferably a halogen atom, a haloalkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms or an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms (—CH2— included in the alkyl group may be replaced by —O— or —CO—).
mb4 is preferably 1 or 2, more preferably 1, and still more preferably mb4 is 1 and the group in parentheses is bonded at the para-position.
mb5 is preferably an integer of 0 to 2, more preferably 0 or 1, and still more preferably 0.
The structural unit (a2-B) is more preferably a structural unit represented by the following formula (a2-B1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “structural unit (a2-B1)”)
wherein, in formula (a2-B1),
In formula (a2-B1), Ra57 is preferably a hydrogen atom.
Aa53 is preferably a single bond.
Examples of the structural unit (a2-B) include structural units mentioned below.
It is possible to exemplify structural units in which the hydrogen atom corresponding to Ra57 is substituted with a methyl group in structural units represented by formula (a2-B-1) to formula (a2-B-8), and structural units in which the methyl group corresponding to Ra57 is substituted with a hydrogen atom in structural units represented by formula (a2-B-9) to formula (a2-B-16) as specific examples of the structural unit (a2-B). Of these, structural units represented by formula (a2-B-1) to formula (a2-B-8) are preferable, structural units represented by formula (a2-B-1) to formula (a2-B-4) are more preferable, and a structural unit represented by formula (a2-B-1) is still more preferable.
When the resin (A) or the like includes the structural unit (a2-B), the content is preferably 3 mol % or more, more preferably 5 mol % or more, and still more preferably 10 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. The content is also preferably 80 mol % or less, more preferably 75 mol % or less, still more preferably 70 mol % or less, and yet more preferably 65 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. Specifically, the content is preferably 3 to 80 mol %, more preferably 5 to 75 mol %, still more preferably 10 to 70 mol %, and yet more preferably 10 to 65 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
<Structural Unit (a3)>
The lactone ring possessed by the structural unit (a3) may be a monocyclic ring such as a β-propiolactone ring, a γ-butyrolactone ring or a δ-valerolactone ring, or a condensed ring of a monocyclic lactone ring and the other ring. Preferably, a γ-butyrolactone ring, an adamantanelactone ring or a bridged ring including a γ-butyrolactone ring structure (e.g., a structural unit represented by the following formula (a3-2)) is exemplified.
The structural unit (a3) is preferably a structural unit represented by formula (a3-1), formula (a3-2), formula (a3-3) or formula (a3-4). These structural units may be included alone, or two or more structural units may be included:
wherein, in formula (a3-1), formula (a3-2), formula (a3-3) and formula (a3-4),
Examples of the aliphatic hydrocarbon group in Ra21, Ra22, Ra23 and Ra25 include alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group and a tert-butyl group.
Examples of the halogen atom in Ra18, Ra19, Ra20 and Ra24 include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group in Ra18, Ra19, Ra20 and Ra24 include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group and a hexyl group, and the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group.
Examples of the alkyl group having a halogen atom in Ra18, Ra19, Ra20 and Ra24 include a trifluoromethyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a perfluoroisopropyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a perfluorosec-butyl group, a perfluorotert-butyl group, a perfluoropentyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, a trichloromethyl group, a tribromomethyl group, a triiodomethyl group and the like.
Examples of the alkanediyl group in La8 and La9 include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a propane-1,2-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group, a hexane-1,6-diyl group, a butane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,2-diyl group, a pentane-1,4-diyl group and a 2-methylbutane-1,4-diyl group.
In formula (a3-1) to formula (a3-3), preferably, La4 to La6 are each independently —O— or a group in which k3 is an integer of 1 to 4 in *—O—(CH2)k3—CO—O—, more preferably —O— and *—O—CH2—CO—O—, and still more preferably an oxygen atom,
In formula (a3-4), Ra24 is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, and still more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group,
Particularly, formula (a3-4) is preferably formula (a3-4)′:
wherein Ra24 and La7 are the same as defined above.
Examples of the structural unit (a3) include structural units derived from the monomers mentioned in JP 2010-204646 A, the monomers mentioned in JP 2000-122294 A and the monomers mentioned in JP 2012-41274 A. The structural unit (a3) is preferably a structural unit represented by any one of formula (a3-1-1), formula (a3-1-2), formula (a3-2-1), formula (a3-2-2), formula (a3-3-1), formula (a3-3-2) and formula (a3-4-1) to formula (a3-4-12), and structural units in which methyl groups corresponding to Ra18, Ra19, Ra20 and Ra24 in formula (a3-1) to formula (a3-4) are substituted with hydrogen atoms in the above structural units.
When the resin (A) or the like includes the structural unit (a3), the total content is usually 1 mol % or more, preferably 3 mol % or more, more preferably 5 mol % or more, and still more preferably 10 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. The total content is also usually 70 mol % or less, preferably 65 mol % or less, and more preferably 60 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. Specifically, the total content is usually 1 to 70 mol %, preferably 3 to 65 mol %, and more preferably 5 to 60 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
Each content of the structural unit (a3-1), the structural unit (a3-2), the structural unit (a3-3) or the structural unit (a3-4) is preferably 1 mol % or more, more preferably 3 mol % or more, and still more preferably 5 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. Each content of the structural unit (a3-1), the structural unit (a3-2), the structural unit (a3-3) or the structural unit (a3-4) is also preferably 60 mol % or less, more preferably 55 mol % or less, and still more preferably 50 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like. Specifically, each content of the structural unit (a3-1), the structural unit (a3-2), the structural unit (a3-3) or the structural unit (a3-4) is preferably 1 to 60 mol %, more preferably 3 to 55 mol %, and still more preferably 5 to 50 mol %.
<Structural Unit (a4)>
Examples of the structural unit (a4) include the following structural unit:
wherein, in formula (a4),
Examples of the chain saturated hydrocarbon group represented by R42 include a chain saturated hydrocarbon group and a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, and groups formed by combining these groups.
Examples of the chain saturated hydrocarbon group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a decyl group, a dodecyl group, a pentadecyl group, a hexadecyl group, a heptadecyl group and an octadecyl group.
Examples of the monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group include cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group and a cyclooctyl group; and polycyclic alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups such as a decahydronaphthyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group, and the following groups (* represents a bonding site).
Examples of the group formed by combination include groups formed by combining one or more alkyl groups or one or more alkanediyl groups with one or more alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups, and include an alkanediyl group-alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group-alkyl group, an alkanediyl group-alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group-alkyl group and the like.
Examples of the structural unit (a4) include a structural unit represented by formula (a4-0), a structural unit represented by formula (a4-1), and a structural unit represented by formula (a4-4):
wherein, in formula (a4-0),
Examples of the alkanediyl group in L4a include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group and a butane-1,4-diyl group; and branched alkanediyl groups such as an ethane-1,1-diyl group, a propane-1,2-diyl group, a butane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl group and a 2-methylpropane-1,2-diyl group.
Examples of the perfluoroalkanediyl group in L3a include a difluoromethylene group, a perfluoroethylene group, a perfluoroethylfluoromethylene group, a perfluoropropane-1,3-diyl group, a perfluoropropane-1,2-diyl group, a perfluoropropane-2,2-diyl group, a perfluorobutane-1,4-diyl group, a perfluorobutane-2,2-diyl group, a perfluorobutane-1,2-diyl group, a perfluoropentane-1,5-diyl group, a perfluoropentane-2,2-diyl group, a perfluoropentane-3,3-diyl group, a perfluorohexane-1,6-diyl group, a perfluorohexane-2,2-diyl group, a perfluorohexane-3,3-diyl group, a perfluoroheptane-1,7-diyl group, a perfluoroheptane-2,2-diyl group, a perfluoroheptane-3,4-diyl group, a perfluoroheptane-4,4-diyl group, a perfluorooctane-1,8-diyl group, a perfluorooctane-2,2-diyl group, a perfluorooctane-3,3-diyl group, a perfluorooctane-4,4-diyl group and the like.
Examples of the perfluorocycloalkanediyl group in L3a include a perfluorocyclohexanediyl group, a perfluorocyclopentanediyl group, a perfluorocycloheptanediyl group, a perfluoroadamantanediyl group and the like.
L4a is preferably a single bond, a methylene group or an ethylene group, and more preferably a single bond or a methylene group.
L3a is preferably a perfluoroalkanediyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably a perfluoroalkanediyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms.
Examples of the structural unit (a4-0) include the following structural units, and structural units in which a methyl group corresponding to R54 in the structural unit (a4-0) in the following structural units is substituted with a hydrogen atom:
wherein, in formula (a4-1),
Examples of the saturated hydrocarbon group in Ra42 include a chain saturated hydrocarbon group and a monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, and groups formed by combining these groups.
Examples of the chain saturated hydrocarbon group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a decyl group, a dodecyl group, a pentadecyl group, a hexadecyl group, a heptadecyl group and an octadecyl group.
Examples of the monocyclic or polycyclic alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group include cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group and a cyclooctyl group; and polycyclic alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups such as a decahydronaphthyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group, and the following groups (* represents a bonding site).
Examples of the group formed by combination include groups formed by combining one or more alkyl groups or one or more alkanediyl groups with one or more alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon groups, for example, an -alkanediyl group-alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, an -alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group-alkyl group, an -alkanediyl group-alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group-alkyl group and the like.
Examples of the substituent possessed by Ra42 include at least one selected from the group consisting of a halogen atom and the group consisting of the group represented by formula (a-g3). Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom, and a fluorine atom is preferable:
*—Xa43-Aa45 (a-g3)
wherein, in formula (a-g3),
In Ra42—Xa43-Aa43, when Ra42 has no halogen atom, Aa45 represents a saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 17 carbon atoms having at least one halogen atom.
Examples of the saturated hydrocarbon group in Aa45 include alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a heptyl group, an octyl group, a decyl group, a dodecyl group, a pentadecyl group, a hexadecyl group, a heptadecyl group and an octadecyl group; monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group and a cyclooctyl group; and polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon groups such as a decahydronaphthyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group and the following groups (* represents a bonding site).
Examples of the group formed by combination include groups obtained by combining one or more alkyl groups or one or more alkanediyl groups with one or more alicyclic hydrocarbon groups, for example, an -alkanediyl group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an -alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkyl group, an -alkanediyl group-alicyclic hydrocarbon group-alkyl group and the like.
Ra42 is preferably a saturated hydrocarbon group which may have a halogen atom, and more preferably an alkyl group having a halogen atom and/or a saturated hydrocarbon group having a group represented by formula (a-g3).
When Ra42 is a saturated hydrocarbon group having a halogen atom, a saturated hydrocarbon group having a fluorine atom is preferable, a perfluoroalkyl group or a perfluorocycloalkyl group is more preferable, a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms is still more preferable, and a perfluoroalkyl group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms is particularly preferable. Examples of the perfluoroalkyl group include a perfluoromethyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a perfluoropentyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, a perfluoroheptyl group and a perfluorooctyl group. Examples of the perfluorocycloalkyl group include a perfluorocyclohexyl group and the like.
When Ra42 is a saturated hydrocarbon group having a group represented by formula (a-g3), the total number of carbon atoms of Ra42 is preferably 15 or less, and more preferably 12 or less, including the number of carbon atoms included in the group represented by formula (a-g3). When having the group represented by formula (a-g3) as the substituent, the number thereof is preferably 1.
When Ra42 is a saturated hydrocarbon group having the group represented by formula (a-g3), Ra42 is still more preferably a group represented by formula (a-g2):
*-Aa46-Xa44-Aa47 (a-g2)
wherein, in formula (a-g2),
The number of carbon atoms of the saturated hydrocarbon group as for Aa46 is preferably 1 to 6, and more preferably 1 to 3.
The number of carbon atoms of the saturated hydrocarbon group as for Aa47 is preferably 4 to 15, and more preferably 5 to 12, and Aa47 is still more preferably a cyclohexyl group or an adamantyl group.
Preferred structures of the group represented by formula (a-g2) are the following structures (* represents a bonding site to a carbonyl group).
Examples of the alkanediyl group in Aa41 include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group and a hexane-1,6-diyl group; and branched alkanediyl groups such as a propane-1,2-diyl group, a butane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,2-diyl group, a 1-methylbutane-1,4-diyl group and a 2-methylbutane-1,4-diyl group.
Examples of the substituent in the alkanediyl group represented by Aa41 include a hydroxy group and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
Aa41 is preferably an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkanediyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and still more preferably an ethylene group.
Examples of the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group represented by Aa42, Aa43 and Aa44 in the group represented by formula (a-g1) include a linear or branched alkanediyl group and a monocyclic or polycyclic divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, and divalent saturated hydrocarbon groups formed by combining an alkanediyl group and a divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group. Specific examples thereof include a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a propane-1,2-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a 1-methylpropane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,3-diyl group, a 2-methylpropane-1,2-diyl group and the like.
Examples of the substituent of the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group represented by Aa42, Aa43 and Aa44 include a hydroxy group and an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms.
s is preferably 0.
In the group represented by formula (a-g1), examples of the group in which Xa42 is —O—, —CO—, —CO—O— or —O—CO-include the following groups. In the following exemplification, * and ** each represent a bonding site, and ** represents a bonding site to —O—CO—Ra42,
Examples of the structural unit represented by formula (a4-1) include the following structural units, and structural units in which a methyl group corresponding to Aa41 in the structural unit represented by formula (a4-1) in the following structural units is substituted with a hydrogen atom.
Examples of the structural unit represented by formula (a4-1) include a structural unit represented by formula (a4-2) and a structural unit represented by formula (a4-3):
wherein, in formula (a4-2),
Examples of the alkanediyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms as for L44 include the same groups as mentioned as for Aa41.
Examples of the saturated hydrocarbon group as for Rf6 include the same groups as mentioned as for R42.
The alkanediyl group in L44 is preferably an alkanediyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and more preferably an ethylene group.
The structural unit represented by formula (a4-2) includes, for example, structural units represented by formula (a4-1-1) to formula (a4-1-11). A structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Rf5 in the structural unit (a4-2) is substituted with a hydrogen atom is also exemplified as the structural unit represented by formula (a4-2).
wherein, in formula (a4-3),
Examples of the alkanediyl group in L3 include those which are the same as mentioned as for the alkanediyl group as for Aa41.
The divalent saturated hydrocarbon group which may have a fluorine atom in Af13 is preferably a divalent chain saturated hydrocarbon group which may have a fluorine atom and a divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group which may have a fluorine atom, and more preferably a perfluoroalkanediyl group.
Examples of the divalent chain saturated hydrocarbon group which may have a fluorine atom include alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propanediyl group, a butanediyl group and a pentanediyl group; and perfluoroalkanediyl groups such as a difluoromethylene group, a perfluoroethylene group, a perfluoropropanediyl group, a perfluorobutanediyl group and a perfluoropentanediyl group.
The divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group which may have a fluorine atom may be either monocyclic or polycyclic. Examples of the monocyclic group include a cyclohexanediyl group and a perfluorocyclohexanediyl group. Examples of the polycyclic group include an adamantanediyl group, a norbornanediyl group, a perfluoroadamantanediyl group and the like.
Examples of the saturated hydrocarbon group and the saturated hydrocarbon group which may have a fluorine atom as for Af14 include the same groups as mentioned as for Ra42 Of these groups, preferred are fluorinated alkyl groups such as a trifluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a methyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl group, a 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethyl group, an ethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a 2,2,3,3,3-pentafluoropropyl group, a propyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a 1,1,2,2,3,3,4,4-octafluorobutyl group, a butyl group, a perfluoropentyl group, a 2,2,3,3,4,4,5,5,5-nonafluoropentyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, a heptyl group, a perfluoroheptyl group, an octyl group and a perfluorooctyl group; a cyclopropylmethyl group, a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutylmethyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a perfluorocyclohexyl group, an adamantyl group, an adamantylmethyl group, an adamantyldimethyl group, a norbornyl group, a norbornylmethyl group, a perfluoroadamantyl group, a perfluoroadamantylmethyl group and the like.
In formula (a4-3), L3 is preferably an ethylene group. The divalent saturated hydrocarbon group as for Af13 is preferably a group including a divalent chain saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms and a divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a divalent chain saturated hydrocarbon group having 2 to 3 carbon atoms.
The saturated hydrocarbon group as for Af14 is preferably a group which has a chain saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms and an alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a group which has a chain saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms and an alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms. Of these groups, Af14 is preferably a group which has an alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms, and more preferably a cyclopropylmethyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a norbornyl group and an adamantyl group.
The structural unit represented by formula (a4-3) includes, for example, structural units represented by formula (a4-1′-1) to formula (a4-1′-11). A structural unit in which a methyl group corresponding to Rf7 in the structural unit (a4-3) is substituted with a hydrogen atom is also exemplified as the structural unit represented by formula (a4-3).
It is also possible to exemplify, as the structural unit (a4), a structural unit represented by formula (a4-4):
wherein, in formula (a4-4),
Examples of the saturated hydrocarbon group of Rf22 include those which are the same as the saturated hydrocarbon group represented by Ra42. Rf22 is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which has a fluorine atom or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which has a fluorine atom, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms which has a fluorine atom, and still more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms which has a fluorine atom.
In formula (a4-4), Af21 is preferably —(CH2)j1—, more preferably an ethylene group or a methylene group, and still more preferably a methylene group.
The structural unit represented by formula (a4-4) includes, for example, the following structural units and structural units in which a methyl group corresponding to Rf21 in the structural unit (a4-4) is substituted with a hydrogen atom in structural units represented by the following formulas.
When the resin (A) or the like includes the structural unit (a4), the content is preferably 1 to 20 mol %, more preferably 2 to 15 mol %, and still more preferably 3 to 10 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
<Structural Unit (a5)>
Examples of a non-leaving hydrocarbon group possessed by the structural unit (a5) include groups having a linear, branched or cyclic hydrocarbon group. Of these, the structural unit (a5) is preferably a group having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group.
The structural unit (a5) includes, for example, a structural unit represented by formula (a5-1):
wherein, in formula (a5-1),
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group in R52 may be either monocyclic or polycyclic. The monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group includes, for example, a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group and a cyclohexyl group. The polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group includes, for example, an adamantyl group and a norbornyl group.
The aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms includes, for example, alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group and a 2-ethylhexyl group.
Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having a substituent includes a 3-methyladamantyl group and the like.
R52 is preferably an unsubstituted alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group or a cyclohexyl group.
Examples of the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group in L55 include a divalent chain saturated hydrocarbon group and a divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, and a divalent chain saturated hydrocarbon group is preferable.
The divalent chain saturated hydrocarbon group includes, for example, alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propanediyl group, a butanediyl group and a pentanediyl group.
The divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group may be either monocyclic or polycyclic. Examples of the monocyclic alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group include cycloalkanediyl groups such as a cyclopentanediyl group and a cyclohexanediyl group. Examples of the polycyclic divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group include an adamantanediyl group and a norbornanediyl group.
The group in which —CH2— included in the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group represented by L53 is replaced by —O— or —CO— includes, for example, groups represented by formula (L1-1) to formula (L1-4). In the following formulas, * and ** each represent a bonding site, and * represents a bonding site to an oxygen atom:
wherein, in formula (L1-1),
In formula (L1-2),
In formula (L1-3),
In formula (L1-4),
Lx1 is preferably a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methylene group or an ethylene group.
Lx2 is preferably a single bond or a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a single bond.
Lx3 is preferably a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lx4 is preferably a single bond or a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lx5 is preferably a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methylene group or an ethylene group.
Lx6 is preferably a single bond or a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methylene group or an ethylene group.
Lx7 is preferably a single bond or a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms.
Lx8 is preferably a single bond or a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a single bond or a methylene group.
Lx9 is preferably a single bond or a divalent aliphatic saturated hydrocarbon group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, and more preferably a single bond or a methylene group.
Wx1 is preferably a divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, and more preferably a cyclohexanediyl group or an adamantanediyl group.
The group represented by formula (L1-1) includes, for example, the following divalent groups.
The group represented by formula (L1-2) includes, for example, the following divalent groups.
The group represented by formula (L1-3) includes, for example, the following divalent groups.
The group represented by formula (L1-4) includes, for example, the following divalent groups.
L55 is preferably a single bond or a group represented by formula (L1-1).
Examples of the structural unit (a5-1) include the following structural units and structural units in which a methyl group corresponding to R51 in the structural unit (a5-1) in the following structural units is substituted with a hydrogen atom.
When the resin (A) or the like includes the structural unit (a5), the content is preferably 1 to 30 mol %, more preferably 2 to 20 mol %, and still more preferably 3 to 15 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
<Structural Unit (a6)>
The structural unit (a6) is a structural unit having an —SO2— group, and it is preferable to have an —SO2— group in a side chain.
The structural unit having an —SO2— group may have a linear structure having an —SO2— group, a branched structure having an —SO2— group, or a cyclic structure (monocyclic and polycyclic structure) having an —SO2— group. The structural unit is preferably a structural unit which has a cyclic structure having an —SO2— group, and more preferably a structural unit which has a cyclic structure (sultone ring) having —SO2—O—.
Examples of the sultone ring include rings represented by the following formula (T1-1), formula (T1-2), formula (T1-3) and formula (T1-4). The bonding site can be any position. The sultone ring may be monocyclic, and is preferably polycyclic. The polycyclic sultone ring means a bridged ring which has —SO2—O— as an atomic group constituting the ring, and examples thereof include rings represented by formula (T1-1) and formula (T1-2). The sultone ring may have, as the atomic group constituting the ring, a heteroatom, in addition to —SO2—O—, like the ring represented by formula (T1-2). Examples of the heteroatom include an oxygen atom, a sulfur atom or a nitrogen atom, and an oxygen atom is preferable.
The sultone ring may have a substituent, and examples of the substituent include an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom or a hydroxy group, a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, a cyano group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms, a glycidyloxy group, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 12 carbon atoms and an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms.
Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, a butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group and a decyl group, and the alkyl group is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and more preferably a methyl group.
Examples of the alkyl group having a halogen atom include a trifluoromethyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a perfluoroisopropyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a perfluorosec-butyl group, a perfluorotert-butyl group, a perfluoropentyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, a trichloromethyl group, a tribromomethyl group and a triiodomethyl group, and a trifluoromethyl group is preferable.
Examples of the alkyl group having a hydroxy group include hydroxyalkyl groups such as a hydroxymethyl group and a 2-hydroxyethyl group.
Examples of the alkoxy group include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, a hexyloxy group, a heptyloxy group, an octyloxy group, a decyloxy group and a dodecyloxy group.
Examples of the aryl group include a phenyl group, a naphthyl group, an anthryl group, a p-methylphenyl group, a p-tert-butylphenyl group, a p-adamantylphenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumyl group, a mesityl group, a biphenyl group, a phenanthryl group, a 2,6-diethylphenyl group and a 2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl group.
Examples of the aralkyl group include a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a naphthylmethyl group and a naphthylethyl group.
Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include groups in which an alkoxy group is bonded with a carbonyl group, such as a methoxycarbonyl group or an ethoxycarbonyl group, and preferably include an alkoxycarbonyl group having 6 or less carbon atoms and more preferably include a methoxycarbonyl group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group include an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group.
From the viewpoint that it is easy to produce a monomer from which the structural unit (a6) is derived, a sultone ring having no substituent is preferable.
The sultone ring is preferably a ring represented by the following formula (T1′):
wherein, in formula (T1′),
Examples of R41 include those which are the same as the substituent of the sultone ring, and an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which may have a halogen atom or a hydroxy group is preferable.
ma is preferably 0 or 1, and more preferably 0.
Examples of the ring represented by formula (T1′) include the following rings. The bonding site may be any position. Particularly, the bonding site is preferably the 1-position or the 3-position.
It is preferable that the structural unit having an —SO2— group further has a group derived from a polymerizable group. Examples of the polymerizable group include a vinyl group, an acryloyl group, a methacryloyl group, an acryloyloxy group, a methacryloyloxy group, an acryloylamino group, a methacryloylamino group, an acryloylthio group, a methacryloylthio group and the like.
Particularly, the monomer from which the structural unit (a6) is derived is preferably a monomer having an ethylenically unsaturated bond, and more preferably a (meth)acrylic monomer.
The structural unit (a6) is preferably a structural unit represented by formula (a6-0):
wherein, in formula (a6-0),
Examples of the halogen atom as for Rx include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
Examples of the alkyl group as for Rx include a methyl group, an ethyl group, an n-propyl group, an isopropyl group, an n-butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, an n-pentyl group and an n-hexyl group, and an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms is preferable, and a methyl group or an ethyl group is more preferable.
Examples of the alkyl group having a halogen atom as for Rx include a trifluoromethyl group, a perfluoroethyl group, a perfluoropropyl group, a perfluoroisopropyl group, a perfluorobutyl group, a perfluorosec-butyl group, a perfluorotert-butyl group, a perfluoropentyl group, a perfluorohexyl group, a trichloromethyl group, a tribromomethyl group and a triiodomethyl group.
Rx is preferably a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, more preferably a hydrogen atom, a methyl group or an ethyl group, and still more preferably a hydrogen atom or a methyl group.
Examples of the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group as for Ax include a linear alkanediyl group, a branched alkanediyl group and a monocyclic or polycyclic divalent alicyclic saturated hydrocarbon group, and the divalent saturated hydrocarbon group may be those obtained by combining two or more of these groups.
Specific examples thereof include linear alkanediyl groups such as a methylene group, an ethylene group, a propane-1,3-diyl group, a propane-1,2-diyl group, a butane-1,4-diyl group, a pentane-1,5-diyl group, a hexane-1,6-diyl group, a heptane-1,7-diyl group, an octane-1,8-diyl group, a nonane-1,9-diyl group, a decane-1,10-diyl group, an undecane-1,11-diyl group, a dodecane-1,12-diyl group, a tridecane-1,13-diyl group, a tetradecane-1,14-diyl group, a pentadecane-1,15-diyl group, a hexadecane-1,16-diyl group, a heptadecane-1,17-diyl group, an ethane-1,1-diyl group, a propane-1,1-diyl group and a propane-2,2-diyl group;
The bonding site to the sultone ring as for Ax can be any position and is preferably the 1-position.
Examples of the structural unit (a6-0) include the following structural units.
Of these, structural units represented by formula (a6-1), formula (a6-2), formula (a6-6), formula (a6-7), formula (a6-8) and formula (a6-12) are preferable, and structural units represented by formula (a6-1), formula (a6-2), formula (a6-7) and (a6-8) are more preferable.
When the resin (A) or the like includes the structural unit (a6), the content is preferably 1 to 50 mol %, more preferably 2 to 40 mol %, and still more preferably 3 to 30 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (A) or the like.
The resin (A) is preferably a resin including a structural unit (a1). Particularly, the resin (Ap) is more preferably a resin composed of a structural unit (IP), a structural unit (a1) and a structural unit (s), that is, a copolymer of a salt (I), a monomer (a1) and a monomer (s). The resin (A) including no structural unit (IP) is preferably a resin composed of a structural unit (a1) and a structural unit (s), that is, a copolymer of a monomer (a1) and a monomer (s).
The structural unit (a1) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a structural unit (a1-0), a structural unit (a1-1) and a structural unit (a1-2) (preferably the structural unit having a cyclohexyl group or a cyclopentyl group), more preferably at least two, and still more preferably at least two selected from the group consisting of a structural unit (a1-1) and a structural unit (a1-2).
The structural unit (s) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a structural unit (a2) and a structural unit (a3). The structural unit (a2) is preferably a structural unit (a2-1) or a structural unit (a2-A). The structural unit (a3) is preferably at least one selected from the group consisting of a structural unit represented by formula (a3-1), a structural unit represented by formula (a3-2) and a structural unit represented by formula (a3-4).
The respective structural units constituting the resin (A) or the like may be used alone, or two or more structural units may be used in combination. Using a monomer from which these structural units are derived, it is possible to produce by a known polymerization method (e.g., radical polymerization method). The content of the respective structural units included in the resin (A) or the like can be adjusted according to the amount of the monomer used in the polymerization.
The weight-average molecular weight of the resin (A) and the resin (Ap) is preferably 2,000 or more (more preferably 2,500 or more, and still more preferably 3,000 or more), and 50,000 or less (more preferably 30,000 or less, and still more preferably 15,000 or less). In the present specification, the weight-average molecular weight is a value determined by gel permeation chromatography under the conditions mentioned in Examples. The structural unit (IP) may constitute a dimer, a trimer, and a compound having a weight-average molecular weight of less than 2,000.
The acid generator of the present invention is an acid generator including a salt (I) or a structural unit (IP). The structural unit (IP) can be included as a compound or a resin obtained by polymerizing a plurality thereof. In the acid generator, the salt (I) may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. The compound or resin including the structural unit (IP) may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination. The acid generator of the present invention may include both the salt (I) and the structural unit (IP).
The acid generator of the present invention may include, in addition to the salt (I), an acid generator known in the resist field (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “acid generator (B)” or “second acid generator”). The acid generator (B) will be mentioned later.
When the acid generator include the salt (I) and the acid generator (B), a ratio of the content of the salt (I) to that of the acid generator (B) (mass ratio, salt (I):acid generator (B)) is usually 1:99 to 99:1, preferably 2:98 to 98:2, more preferably 5:95 to 95:5, still more preferably 10:90 to 90:10, yet more preferably 15:85 to 85:15, and particularly preferably 40:60 to 60:40.
The resist composition of the present invention includes the acid generator of the present invention. The acid generator here may be a resin (Ap) including a structural unit (IP). The resist composition of the present invention may include the acid generator (B) including no acid generator of the present invention, and may include resin including no structural unit (IP). Here, the resin including no structural unit (IP) may be either a resin including a structural unit (a1) having an acid-labile group, or a resin including no structural unit (a1). However, the resist composition of the present invention includes at least one of the salt (I) and the structural unit (IP), and may include both of them. That is, the resist composition of the present invention may include an acid generator including the structural unit (IP) of the present invention or the salt (I) of the present invention. The structural unit (IP) may be in a form of either compound or resin. In other words, the resist composition of the present invention may include, as the acid generator, a resin (Ap) and/or a resin (A), and a salt (I). The resist composition of the present invention preferably include a resin including a structural unit (a1) having an acid-labile group. That is, the resist composition preferably includes at least:
Of these, preferred is a resist composition which includes a resin (Ap) including a structural unit (IP) and a structural unit (a1) having an acid-labile group. Two or more resins (A) and/or resins (Ap) may be included.
It is preferable that the resist composition of the present invention further includes a quencher (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “quencher (C)”) and/or a solvent (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “solvent (E)”). The resist composition of the present invention may further include a resin (A) or the like other than the resins mentioned above.
<Resin Other than Resin (A) or the Like>
The resist composition of the present invention may use a resin (Ap) and a resin (A) in combination with a resin other than the resin (Ap) and the resin (A). Examples of the resin other than the resin (Ap) and the resin (A) include a resin (AX) including the same structural unit as that of the resin (A), except that no structural unit (a1) is included in the above-mentioned resin (A), a resin including a structural unit (a4) and/or a structural unit (a5) (including neither structural unit (IP) nor structural unit (a1), hereinafter sometimes referred to as “resin (X)”) and the like.
Examples of the resin (AX) include a resin including a structural unit (a2), and a resin including a structural unit (a2-A) is preferable.
In the resin (AX), the content of the structural unit (a2-A) is preferably 5 mol % or more, more preferably 10 mol % or more, and still more preferably 15 mol % or more, and is preferably 80 mol % or less, and more preferably 70 mol % or less, based on the total of all structural units of the resin (AX).
Examples of the structural unit, which may be further included in the resin (X), include a structural unit (a2), a structural unit (a3) and structural units derived from other known monomers. Particularly, the resin (X) is preferably a resin composed only of a structural unit (a4) and/or a structural unit (a5), and more preferably a resin composed only of a structural unit (a4).
When the resin (X) includes a structural unit (a4), the content is usually 20 mol % or more, preferably 30 mol % or more, more preferably 40 mol % or more, and still more preferably 45 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (X). The content is usually 100 mol % or less, preferably 80 mol % or less, more preferably 70 mol % or less, still more preferably 60 mol % or less, and yet more preferably 55 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (X). Specifically, the content is usually 20 to 100 mol %, preferably 20 to 80 mol %, more preferably 30 to 70 mol %, still more preferably 40 to 60 mol %, and yet more preferably 45 to 55 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (X). When the resin (X) includes a structural unit (a5), the content is usually 20 mol % or more, preferably 30 mol % or more, more preferably 40 mol % or more, and still more preferably 45 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (X). The content is usually 100 mol % or less, preferably 80 mol % or less, more preferably 70 mol % or less, still more preferably 60 mol % or less, and yet more preferably 55 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (X). Specifically, the content is usually 20 to 100 mol %, preferably 20 to 80 mol %, more preferably 30 to 70 mol %, still more preferably 40 to 60 mol %, and yet more preferably 45 to 55 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (X). When the resin (X) includes a structural unit (a4) and a structural unit (a5), the total content is usually 40 mol % or more, preferably 60 mol % or more, more preferably 70 mol % or more, and still more preferably 80 mol % or more, based on all structural units of the resin (X). The total content is usually 100 mol % or less, based on all structural units of the resin (X). Specifically, the total content is usually 40 to 100 mol %, preferably 60 to 100 mol %, more preferably 70 to 100 mol %, and still more preferably 80 to 100 mol %, based on all structural units of the resin (X).
The respective structural unit constituting the resin (AX) and the resin (X) may be used alone, or two or more structural units may be used in combination. Using a monomer from which these structural units are derived, it is possible to produce by a known polymerization method (e.g., radical polymerization method). The content of the respective structural units included in the resin (AX) and the resin (X) can be adjusted according to the amount of the monomer used in the polymerization.
The weight-average molecular weight of the resin (AX) and the resin (X) is preferably 6,000 or more (more preferably 7,000 or more) and 80,000 or less (more preferably 60,000 or less). The resin (AX) and the resin (X) may comprise the oligomer in which the weight-average molecular weight is less than 6,000. The measurement means of the weight-average molecular weight of the resin (AX) and the resin (X) is the same as in the case of the resin (A) or the like.
When the resist composition of the present invention includes the resin (X), the content is preferably 1 to 60 parts by mass, more preferably 1 to 50 parts by mass, still more preferably 1 to 40 parts by mass, yet more preferably 1 to 30 parts by mass, and further preferably 1 to 8 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin (A) or the like.
The content of the resin (A) or the like in the resist composition is preferably 80% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, and more preferably 90% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, based on the solid component of the resist composition. The content of the resin (Ap) is preferably 80% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, and more preferably 90% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, based on the solid component of the resist composition. When including resins other than the resin (A) or the like, the total content of the resin (A) or the like and resins other than the resin (A) or the like is preferably 80% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, and more preferably 90% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, based on the solid component of the resist composition. In the present specification, “solid component of resist composition” means the total of components in which the below-mentioned solvent (E) is removed from the total amount of the resist composition. The solid component of the resist composition and the content of the resin thereto can be measured by a known analysis means such as liquid chromatography or gas chromatography.
The acid generator of the present invention may be either an acid generator including only a salt (I) and/or a structural unit (IP), or an acid generator including a salt (I) and/or a structural unit (IP) and an acid generator (B) which is known in the resist field.
The acid generator used in the resist composition of the present invention may be used alone, or two or more thereof may be used in combination.
Either nonionic or ionic acid generator may be used as the acid generator (B). Examples of the nonionic acid generator include sulfonate esters (e.g., 2-nitrobenzyl ester, aromatic sulfonate, oxime sulfonate, N-sulfonyloxyimide, sulfonyloxyketone, diazonaphthoquinone 4-sulfonate), sulfones (e.g., disulfone, ketosulfone, sulfonyldiazomethane) and the like. Typical examples of the ionic acid generator include onium salts containing an onium cation (e.g., diazonium salt, phosphonium salt, sulfonium salt, iodonium salt). Examples of the anion of the onium salt include sulfonic acid anion, sulfonylimide anion, sulfonylmethide anion and the like.
Specific examples of the acid generator (B) include compounds generating an acid upon exposure to radiation mentioned in JP 63-26653 A, JP 55-164824 A, JP 62-69263 A, JP 63-146038 A, JP 63-163452 A, JP 62-153853 A, JP 63-146029 A, U.S. Pat. Nos. 3,779,778, 3,849,137, DE Patent No. 3914407 and EP Patent No. 126,712. Compounds produced by a known method may also be used. Two or more acid generators (B) may also be used in combination.
The acid generator (B) is preferably a salt represented by formula (B1) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “acid generator (B1)”):
wherein, in formula (B1),
Examples of Qb1, Qb2 and Lb1 in formula (B1) include the same one as for Qb1, Qb2 and Lb1 in formula (I).
Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms which may have a substituent (—CH2-included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—) in Y include the same one as for Yb1 in formula (I).
When the alicyclic hydrocarbon group represented by Y is a spiro ring containing an oxygen atom, such as formula (Y28) to formula (Y35), formula (Y39) to formula (Y40), formula (Y42) or formula (Y43), the alkanediyl group between two oxygen atoms preferably has one or more fluorine atoms. Of alkanediyl groups included in a ketal structure, it is preferable that a methylene group adjacent to the oxygen atom is not substituted with a fluorine atom.
Examples of the substituent of the methyl group represented by Y include a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a glycidyloxy group, a —(CH2)ja—CO—O—Rb1 group or a —(CH2)ja—O—CO—Rb1 group (wherein Rb1 represents an alkyl group having 1 to 16 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 16 carbon atoms, an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, or a group obtained by combining these groups, ja represents an integer of 0 to 4, —CH2— included in the alkyl group and the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be replaced by —O—, —SO2— or —CO—, a hydrogen atom included in the alkyl group, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a hydroxy group or a fluorine atom).
Y is preferably an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 24 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, more preferably an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, still more preferably an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms which may have a substituent, and yet more preferably an adamantyl group which may have a substituent, or a norbornyl group which may have a substituent, and —CH2-constituting the alicyclic hydrocarbon group, the adamantyl group or the norbornyl group may be replaced by —O—, —S—, —SO2— or —CO—. Specifically, the followings are exemplified.
Of these, Y is preferably an adamantyl group, a hydroxyadamantyl group, an oxoadamantyl group, a norbornanelactone group, or groups represented by formula (Y42), formula (Y100) to formula (Y114) and formula (Y134) to formula (Y139), and particularly preferably a hydroxyadamantyl group, an oxoadamantyl group, a group including these groups, or groups represented by formula (Y42), formula (Y100) to formula (Y114) and formula (Y134) to formula (Y139).
The anion in the salt represented by formula (B1) is preferably anions represented by formula (B1-A-1) to formula (B1-A-65) [hereinafter sometimes referred to as “anion (B1-A-1)” according to the number of formula], and more preferably anion represented by any one of formula (B1-A-1) to formula (B1-A-4), formula (B1-A-9), formula (B1-A-10), formula (B1-A-24) to formula (B1-A-33), formula (B1-A-36) to formula (B1-A-40) and formula (B1-A-47) to formula (B1-A-65).
Ri2 to Ri7 each independently represent, for example, an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and preferably a methyl group or an ethyl group. Ri8 is, for example, a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 5 to 12 carbon atoms, or a group formed by combining these groups, and more preferably a methyl group, an ethyl group, a cyclohexyl group or an adamantyl group. LA41 is a single bond or an alkanediyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Qb1 and Qb2 are the same as defined above.
Specific examples of the anion in the salt represented by formula (B1) include anions mentioned in JP 2010-204646 A.
The anion in the salt represented by formula (B1) preferably includes anions represented by formula (B1a-1) to formula (B1a-43).
Of these, an anion represented by any one of formula (B1a-1) to formula (B1a-4), formula (B1a-7) to formula (B1a-11), formula (B1a-14) to formula (B1a-30) and formula (B1a-35) to formula (B1a-43) is preferable.
Examples of the sulfonylimide anion include the followings.
Examples of the sulfonylmethide anion include the followings.
Examples of the organic cation of Z+ include an organic onium cation, an organic sulfonium cation, an organic iodonium cation, an organic ammonium cation, a benzothiazolium cation and an organic phosphonium cation. Of these, an organic sulfonium cation and an organic iodonium cation are preferable, and an arylsulfonium cation is more preferable. Specific examples thereof include a cation represented by any one of formula (b2-1) to formula (b2-4) (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “cation (b2-1)” according to the number of formula).
In formula (b2-1) to formula (b2-4),
Rb4 to Rb6 each independently represent a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 36 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 36 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom included in the chain hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a hydroxy group, an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 12 carbon atoms or an aromatic hydrocarbon group having 6 to 18 carbon atoms, a hydrogen atom included in the alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a halogen atom, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkylcarbonyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms or a glycidyloxy group, and a hydrogen atom included in the aromatic hydrocarbon group may be substituted with a halogen atom, a hydroxy group, an aliphatic hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms, an alkyl fluoride group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms or an alkoxy group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
Rb4 and Rb5 may be bonded to each other to form a ring together with sulfur atoms to which Rb4 and Rb5 are bonded, and —CH2— included in the ring may be replaced by —O—, —S— or —CO—,
When u2 is 0, any one of o2, p2, q2 and r2 is preferably 1 or more and at least one of Rb13 to Rb16 is preferably a halogen atom, and when u2 is 1, any one of o2, p2, s2, t2, q2 and r2 is preferably 1 or more and at least one of Rb13 to Rb18 is preferably a halogen atom.
Further, when u2 is 0, r2 is preferably 1 or more, and more preferably 1. When u2 is 0 and r2 is 1 or more, Rb16 is preferably a halogen atom.
The aliphatic hydrocarbon group represents a chain hydrocarbon group and an alicyclic hydrocarbon group.
Examples of the chain hydrocarbon group include alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, a sec-butyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, an octyl group and a 2-ethylhexyl group.
Particularly, the chain hydrocarbon group of Rb9 to Rb12 preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be either monocyclic or polycyclic, and examples of the monocyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, a cyclooctyl group and a cyclodecyl group. Examples of the polycyclic alicyclic hydrocarbon group include a decahydronaphthyl group, an adamantyl group, a norbornyl group and the following groups.
Particularly, the alicyclic hydrocarbon group of Rb9 to Rb12 preferably has 3 to 18 carbon atoms, and more preferably 4 to 12 carbon atoms.
Examples of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group include a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a 2-methyladamantan-2-yl group, a 2-ethyladamantan-2-yl group, a 2-isopropyladamantan-2-yl group, a methylnorbornyl group, an isobornyl group and the like. In the alicyclic hydrocarbon group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with an aliphatic hydrocarbon group, the total number of carbon atoms of the alicyclic hydrocarbon group and the aliphatic hydrocarbon group is preferably 20 or less.
The alkyl fluoride group represents an alkyl group having 1 to 12 carbon atoms which has a fluorine atom, and examples thereof include a fluoromethyl group, a difluoromethyl group, a trifluoromethyl group, a perfluorobutyl group and the like. The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl fluoride group is preferably 1 to 9, more preferably 1 to 6, still more preferably 1 to 4.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aryl groups such as a phenyl group, a biphenyl group, a naphthyl group and a phenanthryl group. The aromatic hydrocarbon group may have a chain hydrocarbon group or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, and examples thereof include an aromatic hydrocarbon group having a chain hydrocarbon group (a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumenyl group, a mesityl group, a p-ethylphenyl group, a p-tert-butylphenyl group, a 2,6-diethylphenyl group, a 2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl group, etc.) and an aromatic hydrocarbon group having an alicyclic hydrocarbon group (a p-cyclohexylphenyl group, a p-adamantylphenyl group, etc.). When the aromatic hydrocarbon group has a chain hydrocarbon group or an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, a chain hydrocarbon group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms and an alicyclic hydrocarbon group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms are preferable.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with an alkoxy group include a p-methoxyphenyl group and the like.
Examples of the chain hydrocarbon group in which a hydrogen atom is substituted with an aromatic hydrocarbon group include aralkyl groups such as a benzyl group, a phenethyl group, a phenylpropyl group, a trityl group, a naphthylmethyl group and a naphthylethyl group.
Examples of the alkoxy group include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group, a propoxy group, a butoxy group, a pentyloxy group, a hexyloxy group, a heptyloxy group, an octyloxy group, a decyloxy group and a dodecyloxy group.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyl group include an acetyl group, a propionyl group and a butyryl group.
Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and an iodine atom.
Examples of the alkylcarbonyloxy group include a methylcarbonyloxy group, an ethylcarbonyloxy group, a propylcarbonyloxy group, an isopropylcarbonyloxy group, a butylcarbonyloxy group, a sec-butylcarbonyloxy group, a tert-butylcarbonyloxy group, a pentylcarbonyloxy group, a hexylcarbonyloxy group, an octylcarbonyloxy group and a 2-ethylhexylcarbonyloxy group.
The ring formed by bonding Rb4 and Rb3 each other, together with sulfur atoms to which Rb4 and Rb5 are bonded, may be a monocyclic, polycyclic, aromatic, nonaromatic, saturated or unsaturated ring. This ring includes a ring having 3 to 18 carbon atoms and is preferably a ring having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. The ring containing a sulfur atom includes a 3-membered to 12-membered ring and is preferably a 3-membered to 7-membered ring and includes, for example, the following rings and the like. * represents a bonding site.
The ring formed by combining Rb9 and Rb10 together may be a monocyclic, polycyclic, aromatic, nonaromatic, saturated or unsaturated ring. This ring includes a 3-membered to 12-membered ring and is preferably a 3-membered to 7-membered ring. The ring includes, for example, a thiolan-1-ium ring (tetrahydrothiophenium ring), a thian-1-ium ring, a 1,4-oxathian-4-ium ring and the like.
The ring formed by combining Rb11 and Rb12 together may be a monocyclic, polycyclic, aromatic, nonaromatic, saturated or unsaturated ring. This ring includes a 3-membered to 12-membered ring and is preferably a 3-membered to 7-membered ring. Examples thereof include an oxocycloheptane ring, an oxocyclohexane ring, an oxonorbornane ring, an oxoadamantane ring and the like.
Of cation (b2-1) to cation (b2-4), a cation (b2-1) is preferable.
Examples of the cation (b2-1) include the following cations.
Examples of the cation (b2-2) include the following cations.
Examples of the cation (b2-3) include the following cations.
Examples of the cation (b2-4) include the following cations.
The acid generator (B) is a combination of the anion mentioned above and the organic cation mentioned above, and these can be optionally combined. The acid generator (B) preferably includes a combination of an anion represented by any one of formula (B1a-1) to formula (B1a-4), formula (B1a-7) to formula (B1a-11), formula (B1a-14) to formula (B1a-30) and formula (B1a-35) to formula (B1a-43) with a cation (b2-1), a cation (b2-2), a cation (b2-3) or a cation (b2-4).
The acid generator (B) preferably includes those represented by formula (B1-1) to formula (B1-60). Of these, those containing an arylsulfonium cation are preferable and those represented by formula (B1-1) to formula (B1-3), formula (B1-5) to formula (B1-7), formula (B1-11) to formula (B1-14), formula (B1-20) to formula (B1-26), formula (B1-29) and formula (B1-31) to formula (B1-60) are particularly preferable.
In the resist composition of the present invention, the content of the acid generator is preferably 0.1% by mass or more and 99.9% by mass or less, more preferably 1% by mass or more and 45% by mass or less, still more preferably 1% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, and yet preferably 3% by mass or more and 40% by mass or less, based on the solid content of the resist composition. When including the resin (A) or the like, the content of the acid generator is preferably 1 part by mass or more and 45 parts by mass or less, more preferably 1 part by mass or more and 40 parts by mass or less, and still more preferably 3 parts by mass or more and 35 parts by mass or less, based on 100 parts by mass of the resin (A) or the like.
The content of the solvent (E) in the resist composition is usually 90% by mass or more and 99.9% by mass or less, preferably 92% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less, and more preferably 94% by mass or more and 99% by mass or less. The content of the solvent (E) can be measured, for example, by a known analysis means such as liquid chromatography or gas chromatography.
Examples of the solvent (E) include glycol ether esters such as ethylcellosolve acetate, methylcellosolve acetate and propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; glycol ethers such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether; esters such as ethyl lactate, butyl acetate, amyl acetate and ethyl pyruvate; ketones such as acetone, methyl isobutyl ketone, 2-heptanone and cyclohexanone; and cyclic esters such as γ-butyrolactone. The solvent (E) may be used alone, or two or more solvents may be used.
Examples of the quencher (C) include a salt generating an acid having an acidity lower than that of an acid generated from an acid generator (a salt (I), a structural unit (IP) and an acid generator (B1)), and a basic nitrogen-containing organic compound. The content of the quencher (C) is preferably about 0.01 to 15% by mass, more preferably about 0.01 to 10% by mass, still more preferably about 0.1 to 8% by mass, and yet more preferably about 0.1 to 7% by mass, based on the amount of the solid component of the resist composition.
<Salt Generating Acid Having Acidity Lower than that of Acid Generated from Acid Generator>
The acidity in a salt generating an acid having an acidity lower than that of an acid generated from the acid generator is indicated by the acid dissociation constant (pKa). Regarding the salt generating an acid having an acidity lower than that of an acid generated from the acid generator, the acid dissociation constant of an acid generated from the salt usually meets the following inequality: −3<pKa, preferably −1<pKa<7, and more preferably 0<pKa<5.
Examples of the salt generating an acid having an acidity lower than that of an acid generated from the acid generator include salts represented by the following formulas, a salt represented by formula (D) mentioned in JP 2015-147926 A (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “weak acid inner salt (D)”), and salts mentioned in JP 2012-229206 A, JP 2012-6908 A, JP 2012-72109 A, JP 2011-39502 A and JP 2011-191745 A. The salt generating an acid having an acidity lower than that of an acid generated from the acid generator is preferably a salt generating a carboxylic acid having an acidity lower than that of an acid generated from the acid generator (salt having a carboxylic acid anion), more preferably a weak acid inner salt (D), and still more preferably a diphenyliodonium salt containing a phenyl group substituted with a carboxylic acid anion among the weak acid inner salt (D).
Examples of the weak acid inner salt (D) is preferably a diphenyliodonium salt having an iodonium cation to which two phenyl groups are bonded, and a carboxylic acid anion substituted with at least one phenyl group of two phenyl groups bonded to the iodonium cation, and specific examples thereof include a salt represented by the following formula:
wherein, in formula (D),
Examples of the hydrocarbon group as for RD1 and RD2 include a chain hydrocarbon group, an alicyclic hydrocarbon group, an aromatic hydrocarbon group, and a group formed by combining these groups.
Examples of the chain hydrocarbon group include alkyl groups such as a methyl group, an ethyl group, a propyl group, an isopropyl group, a butyl group, an isobutyl group, a tert-butyl group, a pentyl group, a hexyl group, a nonyl group and the like.
The alicyclic hydrocarbon group may be either monocyclic or polycyclic, or may be either saturated or unsaturated. Examples thereof include cycloalkyl groups such as a cyclopropyl group, a cyclobutyl group, a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cyclononyl group and a cyclododecyl group, a norbornyl group, an adamantyl group and the like.
Examples of the aromatic hydrocarbon group include aryl groups such as a phenyl group, a 1-naphthyl group, a 2-naphthyl group, a 2-methylphenyl group, a 3-methylphenyl group, a 4-methylphenyl group, a 4-ethylphenyl group, a 4-propylphenyl group, a 4-isopropylphenyl group, a 4-butylphenyl group, a 4-t-butylphenyl group, a 4-hexylphenyl group, a 4-cyclohexylphenyl group, an anthryl group, a p-adamantylphenyl group, a tolyl group, a xylyl group, a cumenyl group, a mesityl group, a biphenyl group, a phenanthryl group, a 2,6-diethylphenyl group and a 2-methyl-6-ethylphenyl group.
Examples of the group formed by combining these groups include an alkyl-cycloalkyl group, a cycloalkyl-alkyl group, an aralkyl group (e.g., a phenylmethyl group, a 1-phenylethyl group, a 2-phenylethyl group, a 1-phenyl-1-propyl group, a 1-phenyl-2-propyl group, a 2-phenyl-2-propyl group, a 3-phenyl-1-propyl group, a 4-phenyl-1-butyl group, a 5-phenyl-1-pentyl group, a 6-phenyl-1-hexyl group, etc.) and the like.
Examples of the alkoxy group include a methoxy group, an ethoxy group and the like.
Examples of the acyl group include an acetyl group, a propanoyl group, a benzoyl group, a cyclohexanecarbonyl group and the like.
Examples of the acyloxy group include a group obtained by bonding an oxy group (—O—) to the above acyl group.
Examples of the alkoxycarbonyl group include a group obtained by bonding a carbonyl group (—CO—) to the above alkoxy group.
Examples of the halogen atom include a fluorine atom, a chlorine atom, a bromine atom and the like.
Preferably, RD1 and RD2 each independently represent an alkyl group having 1 to 8 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 3 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkoxy group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, an acyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an acyloxy group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, an alkoxycarbonyl group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, a nitro group or a halogen atom.
Preferably, m′ and n′ are each independently an integer of 0 to 2, and more preferably 0, and when m′ is 2 or more, a plurality of RD1 may be the same or different, and when n′ is 2 or more, a plurality of RD2 may be the same or different.
More specifically, the following salts are exemplified.
Examples of the basic nitrogen-containing organic compound include amine and an ammonium salt. Examples of the amine include an aliphatic amine and an aromatic amine. Examples of the aliphatic amine include a primary amine, a secondary amine and a tertiary amine.
Examples of the amine include 1-naphthylamine, 2-naphthylamine, aniline, diisopropylaniline, 2-, 3- or 4-methylaniline, 4-nitroaniline, N-methylaniline, N,N-dimethylaniline, diphenylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, nonylamine, decylamine, dibutylamine, dipentylamine, dihexylamine, diheptylamine, dioctylamine, dinonylamine, didecylamine, triethylamine, trimethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, tripentylamine, trihexylamine, triheptylamine, trioctylamine, trinonylamine, tridecylamine, methyldibutylamine, methyldipentylamine, methyldihexylamine, methyldicyclohexylamine, methyldiheptylamine, methyldioctylamine, methyldinonylamine, methyldidecylamine, ethyldibutylamine, ethyldipentylamine, ethyldihexylamine, ethyldiheptylamine, ethyldioctylamine, ethyldinonylamine, ethyldidecylamine, dicyclohexylmethylamine, tris[2-(2-methoxyethoxy)ethyl]amine, triisopropanolamine, ethylenediamine, tetramethylenediamine, hexamethylenediamine, 4,4′-diamino-1,2-diphenylethane, 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-dimethyldiphenylmethane, 4,4′-diamino-3,3′-diethyldiphenylmethane, 2,2′-methylenebisaniline, imidazole, 4-methylimidazole, pyridine, 4-methylpyridine, 1,2-di(2-pyridyl)ethane, 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethane, 1,2-di(2-pyridyl)ethene, 1,2-di(4-pyridyl)ethene, 1,3-di(4-pyridyl)propane, 1,2-di(4-pyridyloxy)ethane, di(2-pyridyl)ketone, 4,4′-dipyridyl sulfide, 4,4′-dipyridyl disulfide, 2,2′-dipyridylamine, 2,2′-dipicolylamine, bipyridine and the like, preferably an aromatic amine such as diisopropylaniline, and more preferably 2,6-diisopropylaniline.
Examples of the ammonium salt include tetramethylammonium hydroxide, tetraisopropylammonium hydroxide, tetrabutylammonium hydroxide, tetrahexylammonium hydroxide, tetraoctylammonium hydroxide, phenyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, 3-(trifluoromethyl)phenyltrimethylammonium hydroxide, tetra-n-butylammonium salicylate and choline.
The resist composition of the present invention may also include components other than the components mentioned above (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “other components (F)”). The other components (F) are not particularly limited and it is possible to use various additives known in the resist field, for example, sensitizers, dissolution inhibitors, surfactants, stabilizers and dyes.
The resist composition of the present invention can be prepared by mixing a salt represented by formula (I) or a compound or resin including a structural unit represented by formula (IP), and if necessary, a resin (A) or the like, an acid generator (B), resins other than the resin (A) or the like, a solvent (E), a quencher (C) and other components (F). The order of mixing these components is any order and is not particularly limited. It is possible to select, as the temperature during mixing, appropriate temperature from 10 to 40° C., according to the type of the resin, the solubility in the solvent (E) of the resin and the like. It is possible to select, as the mixing time, appropriate time from 0.5 to 24 hours according to the mixing temperature. The mixing means is not particularly limited and it is possible to use mixing with stirring.
After mixing the respective components, the mixture is preferably filtered through a filter having a pore diameter of about 0.003 to 0.2 μm.
The method for producing a resist pattern of the present invention include:
The resist composition can be usually applied on a substrate using a conventionally used apparatus, such as a spin coater. Examples of the substrate include inorganic substrates such as a silicon wafer, and organic substrates in which a resist film is formed on the surface. Before applying the resist composition, the substrate may be washed, and an organic antireflection film may be formed on the substrate.
The solvent is removed by drying the applied composition to form a composition layer. Drying is performed by evaporating the solvent using a heating device such as a hot plate (so-called “prebake”), or a decompression device. The heating temperature is preferably 50 to 200° C. and the heating time is preferably 10 to 180 seconds. The pressure during drying under reduced pressure is preferably about 1 to 1.0×105 Pa.
The composition layer thus obtained is usually exposed using an aligner. The aligner may be a liquid immersion aligner. It is possible to use, as an exposure source, various exposure sources, for example, exposure sources capable of emitting laser beam in an ultraviolet region such as KrF excimer laser (wavelength of 248 nm), ArF excimer laser (wavelength of 193 nm) and F2 excimer laser (wavelength of 157 nm), an exposure source capable of emitting harmonic laser beam in a far-ultraviolet or vacuum ultra violet region by wavelength-converting laser beam from a solid-state laser source (YAG or semiconductor laser), an exposure source capable of emitting electron beam or extreme ultraviolet light (EUV) and the like. In the present specification, such exposure to radiation is sometimes collectively referred to as “exposure”. The exposure is usually performed through a mask corresponding to a pattern to be required. When electron beam is used as the exposure source, exposure may be performed by direct writing without using the mask.
The exposed composition layer is subjected to a heat treatment (so-called “post-exposure bake”) to promote the deprotection reaction in an acid-labile group. The heating temperature is usually about 50 to 200° C., and preferably about 70 to 150° C. It is also possible to perform a chemical treatment (silylation) which adjusts the hydrophilicity or hydrophobicity of the resin on a surface side of the composition after heating. Before performing the development, the steps of application of the resist composition, drying, exposure and heating may be repeatedly performed on the exposed composition layer.
The heated composition layer is usually developed with a developing solution using a development apparatus. Examples of the developing method include a dipping method, a paddle method, a spraying method, a dynamic dispensing method and the like. The developing temperature is preferably, for example, 5 to 60° C. and the developing time is preferably, for example, 5 to 300 seconds. It is possible to produce a positive resist pattern or negative resist pattern by selecting the type of the developing solution as follows.
When the positive resist pattern is produced from the resist composition of the present invention, an alkaline developing solution is used as the developing solution. The alkaline developing solution may be various aqueous alkaline solutions used in this field. Examples thereof include aqueous solutions of tetramethylammonium hydroxide and (2-hydroxyethyl)trimethylammonium hydroxide (commonly known as choline). The surfactant may be contained in the alkaline developing solution.
It is preferable that the developed resist pattern is washed with ultrapure water and then water remaining on the substrate and the pattern is removed.
When the negative resist pattern is produced from the resist composition of the present invention, a developing solution containing an organic solvent (hereinafter sometimes referred to as “organic developing solution”) is used as the developing solution.
Examples of the organic solvent contained in the organic developing solution include ketone solvents such as 2-hexanone and 2-heptanone; glycol ether ester solvents such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether acetate; ester solvents such as butyl acetate; glycol ether solvents such as propylene glycol monomethyl ether; amide solvents such as N,N-dimethylacetamide; and aromatic hydrocarbon solvents such as anisole.
The content of the organic solvent in the organic developing solution is preferably 90% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 95% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and still more preferably the organic developing solution is substantially composed of the organic solvent.
Particularly, the organic developing solution is preferably a developing solution containing butyl acetate and/or 2-heptanone. The total content of butyl acetate and 2-heptanone in the organic developing solution is preferably 50% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, more preferably 90% by mass or more and 100% by mass or less, and still more preferably the organic developing solution is substantially composed of butyl acetate and/or 2-heptanone.
The surfactant may be contained in the organic developing solution. A trace amount of water may be contained in the organic developing solution.
During development, the development may be stopped by replacing by a solvent with the type different from that of the organic developing solution.
The developed resist pattern is preferably washed with a rinsing solution. The rinsing solution is not particularly limited as long as it does not dissolve the resist pattern, and it is possible to use a solution containing an ordinary organic solvent which is preferably an alcohol solvent or an ester solvent.
After washing, the rinsing solution remaining on the substrate and the pattern is preferably removed.
The resist composition of the present invention is suitable as a resist composition for exposure of KrF excimer laser, a resist composition for exposure of ArF excimer laser, a resist composition for exposure of electron beam (EB) or a resist composition for exposure of EUV, particularly a resist composition for exposure of electron beam (EB) or a resist composition for exposure of EUV, and the resist composition is useful for fine processing of semiconductors.
The present invention will be described more specifically by way of Examples. Percentages and parts expressing the contents or amounts used in the Examples are by mass unless otherwise specified.
The weight-average molecular weight is a value determined by gel permeation chromatography. Analysis conditions of gel permeation chromatography are as follows.
Structures of compounds were confirmed by measuring a molecular ion peak using mass spectrometry (LC: Model 1100, manufactured by Agilent Technologies, Inc., and MASS: Model LC/MSD, manufactured by Agilent Technologies, Inc.). The value of this molecular ion peak in the following Examples is indicated by “MASS”.
8.70 Parts of a salt represented by formula (I-659-a) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 2.50 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-c) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 9.89 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-659).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 695.0
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
2.64 Parts of a compound represented by formula (I-660-c) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 8.56 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-660-a) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 9.94 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-660).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 695.0
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
2.64 Parts of a compound represented by formula (I-660-c) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 9.25 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-662-a) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 8.12 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-662).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 695.0
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 475.1
7.98 Parts of a salt represented by formula (I-701-a) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 2.50 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-c) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 9.03 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-701).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 622.9
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
8.70 Parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1401-a) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 2.50 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-c) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 10.03 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1401).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 695.0
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
2.64 Parts of a compound represented by formula (I-660-c) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 8.56 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1402-a) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 9.19 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1402).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 695.0
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
2.64 Parts of a compound represented by formula (I-660-c) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 8.56 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1528-a) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 7.92 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1528).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 695.0
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
2.64 Parts of a compound represented by formula (I-660-c) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 10.04 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1514-a) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 11.39 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1514).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 843.1
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
2.64 Parts of a compound represented by formula (I-660-c) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 7.98 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1500-a) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 9.13 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1500).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 636.9
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
2.64 Parts of a compound represented by formula (I-660-c) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 17.57 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1668-a) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 18.32 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1668).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 1594.7
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
2.64 Parts of a compound represented by formula (I-660-c) and 50 parts of chloroform were mixed, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, 1.62 parts of a compound represented by formula (I-659-b) was added, followed by temperature rise to 50° C. and further stirring at 50° C. for 2 hours. To the reaction mixture thus obtained, 17.20 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1794-a) was added, followed by stirring at 50° C. for 10 hours. The reaction mixture thus obtained was cooled to 23° C. and then 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. To the organic layer thus obtained, 25 parts of ion-exchanged water was added, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the organic layer was isolated through separation. This water washing operation was repeated five times. The organic layer thus obtained was concentrated and then 3 parts of acetonitrile and 30 parts of tert-butyl methyl ether were added to the concentrated residue, and after stirring at 23° C. for 30 minutes, the supernatant was removed, followed by concentration to obtain 14.91 parts of a salt represented by formula (I-1794).
MASS (ESI (+) Spectrum): M+ 1558.7
MASS (ESI (−) Spectrum): M− 407.1
Compounds (monomers) used in synthesis of a resin (A) are shown below. Hereinafter, these compounds are referred to as “monomer (a1-1-3)” according to the formula number.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-659) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-659)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A1 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.5×103 in a yield of 59%. This resin A1 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-660) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-660)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A2 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.4×103 in a yield of 65%. This resin A2 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-662) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-662)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A3 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.4×103 in a yield of 58%. This resin A3 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-701) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-701)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A4 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.5×103 in a yield of 58%. This resin A4 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 3,4-diacetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-660) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):3,4-diacetoxystyrene:monomer (I-660)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A5 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.4×103 in a yield of 64%. This resin A5 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-660) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 55:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-660)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A6 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.4×103 in a yield of 86%. This resin A6 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 3,4-diacetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-660) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 55:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):3,4-diacetoxystyrene:monomer (I-660)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A7 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.5×103 in a yield of 80%. This resin A7 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 3-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-660) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 55:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):3-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-660)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A8 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.5×103 in a yield of 79%. This resin A8 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1401) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1401)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A9 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.4×103 in a yield of 63%. This resin A9 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1402) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1402)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A10 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.3×103 in a yield of 67%. This resin A10 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1528) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1528)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A11 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.5×103 in a yield of 62%. This resin A11 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1514) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 55:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1514)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A12 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.7×103 in a yield of 82%. This resin A12 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1500) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 55:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1500)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A13 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.7×103 in a yield of 77%. This resin A13 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1668) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 55:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1668)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A14 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.9×103 in a yield of 75%. This resin A14 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1794) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 55:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1794)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A15 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.9×103 in a yield of 72%. This resin A15 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1528) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 55:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1528)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A16 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.6×103 in a yield of 88%. This resin A16 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (I-1528) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 50:3:10:25:12 [monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (I-1528)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin A17 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.9×103 in a yield of 76%. This resin A17 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (IX-1) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (IX-1)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin AX1 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.5×103 in a yield of 66%. This resin AX1 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2), 4-acetoxystyrene and a monomer (IX-2) as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:12:25:5 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene:monomer (IX-2)], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin AX2 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.4×103 in a yield of 60%. This resin AX2 has the following structural units.
Using a monomer (a1-1-3), a monomer (a1-2-6), a monomer (a2-1-3), a monomer (a3-4-2) and 4-acetoxystyrene as monomers, these monomers were mixed in a molar ratio of 20:35:3:15:27 [monomer (a1-1-3):monomer (a1-2-6):monomer (a2-1-3):monomer (a3-4-2):4-acetoxystyrene], and then this monomer mixture was mixed with methyl isobutyl ketone in the amount of 1.5 mass times the total mass of all monomers. To the mixture thus obtained, azobisisobutyronitrile and azobis(2,4-dimethylvaleronitrile) as initiators were added in the amounts of 1.2 mol % and 3.6 mol % based on the amount of all monomers, followed by heating at 73° C. for about 5 hours. Thereafter, to the polymerization reaction solution thus obtained, an aqueous 25% tetramethylammonium hydroxide solution was added, followed by stirring for 12 hours and further isolation through separation. The organic layer thus recovered was poured into a large amount of n-heptane to precipitate a resin, followed by filtration and recovery to obtain a resin AA1 having a weight-average molecular weight of about 5.5×103 in a yield of 68%. This resin AA1 has the following structural units.
As shown in Table 2, the following components were mixed and the mixture thus obtained was filtered through a fluororesin filter having a pore diameter of 0.2 μm to prepare resist compositions.
(Evaluation of Exposure of Resist Composition with Electron Beam: Development with Organic Solvent)
Each 6 inch-diameter silicon wafer was treated with hexamethyldisilazane on a direct hot plate at 90° C. for 60 seconds. A resist composition was spin-coated on the silicon wafer in such a manner that the thickness of the composition layer became 0.04 μm. Then, the coated silicon wafer was prebaked on the direct hot plate at the temperature shown in the column “PB” of Table 2 for 60 seconds to form a composition layer. Using an electron-beam direct-write system (“ELS-F125 125 keV”, manufactured by ELIONIX INC.), line and space patterns (pitch of 60 nm/line width of 30 nm) were directly written on the composition layer formed on the wafer were directly written on the composition layer formed on the wafer after development while changing the exposure dose stepwise.
After exposure, post-exposure baking was performed on the hot plate at the temperature shown in the column “PEB” of Table 2 for 60 second. Next, the composition layer on this silicon wafer was developed with butyl acetate (manufactured by Tokyo Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) as a developer at 23° C. for 20 seconds using the dynamic dispensing method to obtain resist patterns.
The thus obtained resist patterns (line and space patterns) were observed by a scanning electron microscope, and effective sensitivity was expressed as the exposure dose at which a ratio of the line width to the space width of the line and space patterns with a pitch of 60 nm became 1:1 after exposure.
Evaluation of line edge roughness (LER): Line edge roughness was determined by measuring a roughness width of the irregularity in wall surface of resist pattern produced by the effective sensitivity using a scanning electron microscope. The results are shown in Table 3.
As compared with Comparative Compositions 1 to 8, Compositions 1 to 34 exhibited satisfactory evaluation of line edge roughness because of small trench width of irregularities on the side wall surface of the resist pattern.
A resist composition of the present invention is capable of obtaining a resist pattern with satisfactory evaluation of line edge roughness (LER), and is therefore useful for fine processing of semiconductors and is industrially extremely useful.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2022-048738 | Mar 2022 | JP | national |
