This application is based upon and claims the benefit of priority from Japanese Patent Application No. 2023-045980, filed on Mar. 22, 2023; the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Embodiments described herein relate generally to a semiconductor device and a method for manufacturing a semiconductor device.
HEMTs (High Electron Mobility Transistors) that use a gallium nitride material are known as power devices. Problems of such devices include a current collapse phenomenon in which the on-resistance increases when the device is operated at a high voltage.
According to one embodiment, a semiconductor device includes a nitride semiconductor layer including a first layer, and a second layer located on the first layer, the second layer having a wider bandgap than the first layer; a source electrode located on the nitride semiconductor layer, the source electrode contacting the nitride semiconductor layer; a drain electrode located on the nitride semiconductor layer, the drain electrode being positioned distant to the source electrode in a first direction, the drain electrode contacting the nitride semiconductor layer; a gate electrode positioned between the source electrode and the drain electrode, the gate electrode not contacting the nitride semiconductor layer; an insulating film located on the nitride semiconductor layer between the source electrode and the drain electrode; and a conductor layer positioned between the gate electrode and the drain electrode, the conductor layer contacting the nitride semiconductor layer, the conductor layer being electrically connected with the drain electrode, the drain electrode including a first part contacting the nitride semiconductor layer, and a second part positioned further toward the conductor layer side than the first part in the first direction, the insulating film including a portion positioned between the conductor layer and the drain electrode, the second part being located on the portion of the insulating film.
Exemplary embodiments will now be described with reference to the drawings. Similar components in the drawings are marked with like reference numerals.
As shown in
The semiconductor device 1 can further include a substrate 100 supporting the nitride semiconductor layer 10. For example, a silicon substrate can be used as the substrate 100.
The semiconductor device 1 includes a source electrode 30 located on the nitride semiconductor layer 10, and a drain electrode 40 that is located on the nitride semiconductor layer 10 and positioned distant to the source electrode 30 in the first direction X. The source electrode 30 and the drain electrode 40 can include, for example, at least one of Ti, Al, or TiN.
The source electrode 30 contacts the nitride semiconductor layer 10. The source electrode 30 has an ohmic contact with the nitride semiconductor layer 10. In the example shown in
The semiconductor device 1 further includes a gate electrode 50. The gate electrode 50 is positioned between the source electrode 30 and the drain electrode 40 in the first direction X. For example, the gate electrode 50 can include TiN. The thickness of the gate electrode 50 is, for example, 50 nm. The distance (the shortest distance) in the first direction X between the drain electrode 40 and the gate electrode 50 is greater than the distance (the shortest distance) in the first direction X between the source electrode 30 and the gate electrode 50.
The semiconductor device 1 further includes an insulating film 20 located on the nitride semiconductor layer 10 between the source electrode 30 and the drain electrode 40. The insulating film 20 includes a first film 21 located at a surface of the nitride semiconductor layer 10, and a second film 22 located on the first film 21. The first film 21 is located between the gate electrode 50 and the nitride semiconductor layer 10; and the gate electrode 50 does not contact the nitride semiconductor layer 10. The second film 22 covers the gate electrode 50. For example, silicon nitride films can be used as the first and second films 21 and 22. The thickness of the first film 21 is less than the thickness of the second film 22 and is, for example, not less than 20 nm and not more than 40 nm. The thickness of the second film 22 is, for example, not less than 100 nm and not more than 200 nm.
The semiconductor device 1 further includes a conductor layer 60. The conductor layer 60 is positioned between the gate electrode 50 and the drain electrode 40 in the first direction X. The conductor layer 60 contacts the nitride semiconductor layer 10. In the example shown in
The conductor layer 60 is electrically connected with the drain electrode 40. According to the first embodiment, the conductor layer 60 is electrically connected with the drain electrode 40 via a drain wiring part 45 shown in
As shown in
The semiconductor device 1 can further include a source wiring part 35 extending in the first direction X, and a gate wiring part 55 extending in the first direction X. The source wiring part 35 is positioned distant to the drain wiring part 45 in the second direction Y. The gate wiring part 55 is positioned between the drain wiring part 45 and the source wiring part 35 in the second direction Y.
The multiple source electrodes 30 are connected with the source wiring part 35 and extend in the second direction Y from the source wiring part 35 toward the drain wiring part 45. The multiple gate electrodes 50 are connected with the gate wiring part 55 and extend in the second direction Y from the gate wiring part 55 toward the drain wiring part 45. Each source electrode 30 is positioned between two gate electrodes 50 in the first direction X.
An external circuit applies a drain potential to the multiple drain electrodes 40 and the multiple conductor layers 60 via the drain wiring part 45, applies a source potential to the multiple source electrodes 30 via the source wiring part 35, and applies a gate potential to the multiple gate electrodes 50 via the gate wiring part 55. When the semiconductor device 1 operates, the drain potential is greater than the source potential.
As shown in
The insulating film 20 includes a portion 20a positioned between the conductor layer 60 and the drain electrode 40 in the first direction X. The second part 42 of the drain electrode 40 is located on the portion 20a of the insulating film 20. The portion 20a of the insulating film 20 is located between the nitride semiconductor layer 10 and the second part 42 of the drain electrode 40.
The distance (the shortest distance) between the conductor layer 60 and the first part 41 in the first direction X is less than the distance (the shortest distance) between the gate electrode 50 and the conductor layer 60 in the first direction X. In other words, the conductor layer 60 is located at a position more proximate to the drain electrode 40 than the gate electrode 50 in the first direction X.
In a general process, it is easy for a portion (the second part 42) of the drain electrode 40 to extend onto the insulating film 20 when being formed. In such a case, when a high voltage is applied between the drain electrode 40 and the source electrode 30, an electric field easily concentrates at the portion 20a of the insulating film 20 on which the drain electrode 40 extends, and electrons from the nitride semiconductor layer 10 move more easily to the insulating film 20 and become trapped in the insulating film 20. The electrons that are trapped in the insulating film 20 easily deplete the two-dimensional electron gas 13 under the insulating film 20, causing a current collapse phenomenon in which the on-resistance increases over time.
According to the embodiment, the conductor layer 60 is electrically connected with the drain electrode 40 and is located proximate to the drain electrode 40 so that the portion 20a of the insulating film 20 is interposed between the drain electrode 40. Therefore, the electric field does not easily concentrate at the portion 20a of the insulating film 20 even when a high voltage is applied between the drain electrode 40 and the source electrode 30, the electrons that are trapped in the portion 20a of the insulating film 20 can be reduced, and the current collapse phenomenon can be suppressed.
In the semiconductor device 2 of the second embodiment, the conductor layer 60 is electrically connected with the drain electrode 40 because the second part 42 of the drain electrode 40 contacts the conductor layer 60. The second part 42 extends from the first part 41 over the upper surface of the portion 20a of the insulating film 20 toward the conductor layer 60 and contacts at least a portion of the upper surface of the conductor layer 60. Therefore, the electric field does not easily concentrate at the portion 20a of the insulating film 20 even when a high voltage is applied between the drain electrode 40 and the source electrode 30, the electrons that are trapped in the portion 20a of the insulating film 20 can be reduced, and the current collapse phenomenon can be suppressed.
The semiconductor device 3 includes a conductive part 70 positioned between the insulating film 20 and the drain electrode 40 in the first direction X. The conductive part 70 contacts the nitride semiconductor layer 10. In the example shown in
The insulating film 20 is not located between the conductive part 70 and the drain electrode 40. The drain electrode 40 is not positioned to extend onto the insulating film 20. The second part 42 of the drain electrode 40 is provided to extend onto the conductive part 70 rather than the insulating film 20. Therefore, even when a high voltage is applied between the drain electrode 40 and the source electrode 30, the electrons in the conductive part 70 flow to the drain electrode 40 and do not accumulate easily in the conductive part 70. The current collapse phenomenon can be suppressed thereby.
As described below, the conductive part 70 can be formed by a process other than the process of forming the drain electrode 40. For example, the conductive part 70 is made of a material that has a different composition from the drain electrode 40.
For example, the same material as the conductor layer 60 described above can be used as the material of the conductive part 70. Also, the conductive part 70 can be formed by diffusing a metal into a portion of the insulating film 20. The conductive part 70 also can be formed by causing crystal defects in a portion of the insulating film 20 by ion implantation. Also, a semi-insulating film that has a higher conductivity than the insulating film 20 can be used as the conductive part 70.
A method for manufacturing the semiconductor device of the first embodiment will now be described with reference to
As shown in
The method for manufacturing the semiconductor device of the first embodiment includes a process of forming the insulating film 20 on the nitride semiconductor layer 10. The process of forming the insulating film 20 includes a process of forming the first film 21 on the nitride semiconductor layer 10. For example, a silicon nitride film can be formed as the first film 21 by CVD (Chemical Vapor Deposition).
The method for manufacturing the semiconductor device of the first embodiment includes a process of forming the gate electrode 50 on the first film 21. For example, a TiN film can be formed as the gate electrode 50 by sputtering.
As shown in
As shown in
The method for manufacturing the semiconductor device of the first embodiment includes a process of forming the conductor layer 60 in the first opening 20b. As shown in
The process of forming the conductor layer 60 includes a process of removing the conductive film 61 on the insulating film 20 by, for example, CMP (Chemical Mechanical Polishing) or etch-back. Accordingly, the conductor layer 60 is formed in the first opening 20b of the insulating film 20 as shown in
As shown in
The nitride semiconductor layer 10 is exposed from under the insulating film 20 in the second and third openings 20c and 20d. The second opening 20c is formed so that the portion 20a of the insulating film 20 remains between the conductor layer 60 and the second opening 20c. The portion 20a of the insulating film 20 is positioned between the conductor layer 60 and the second opening 20c in the first direction X.
The mask 91 is removed after the second and third openings 20c and 20d are formed. The method for manufacturing the semiconductor device of the first embodiment includes a process of forming the drain electrode 40 after the mask 91 is removed.
As shown in
The source electrode 30 can be formed simultaneously with the drain electrode 40. For example, the drain electrode 40 and the source electrode 30 can be formed by sputtering. The source electrode 30 contacts the nitride semiconductor layer 10 in the third opening 20d. A portion of the source electrode 30 is positioned on the insulating film 20.
By causing the second part 42 to contact the upper surface of the conductor layer 60 in the process of forming the drain electrode 40, the semiconductor device 2 of the second embodiment shown in
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a first example of the third embodiment will now be described with reference to
According to the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first example of the third embodiment, the processes up to the process of forming the insulating film 20 shown in
Subsequently, the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first example of the third embodiment includes a process of forming a metal film 71 on the insulating film 20 as shown in
The method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first example of the third embodiment includes a process of thermally diffusing, into the insulating film 20 under the metal film 71, the metal included in the metal film 71. For example, the metal included in the metal film 71 is thermally diffused by RTA (Rapid Thermal Anneal). At this time, the heating temperature can be, for example, not less than 500° C. and not more than 1200° C.
As shown in
As shown in
The mask 92 is removed after forming the first opening 20e and the second opening 20f. After removing the mask 92, the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the first example of the third embodiment includes a process of forming the drain electrode 40 as shown in
The drain electrode 40 includes the first part 41 that contacts the nitride semiconductor layer 10 in the first opening 20e, and the second part 42 that is positioned on the metal diffusion region 72. The first part 41 also contacts the side surface of the metal diffusion region 72. The metal film 71 remains on the metal diffusion region 72; and the second part 42 is positioned on the metal diffusion region 72 with the metal film 71 interposed. The metal diffusion region 72 and the metal film 71 correspond to the conductive part 70 of the semiconductor device 3 shown in
The source electrode 30 can be formed simultaneously with the drain electrode 40. The source electrode 30 contacts the nitride semiconductor layer 10 in the second opening 20f.
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a second example of the third embodiment will now be described with reference to
According to the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the second example of the third embodiment, the processes up to the process of forming the insulating film 20 shown in
Subsequently, the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the second example of the third embodiment includes a process of forming a modified region 73 in a portion of the insulating film 20 as shown in
As shown in
For example, the first opening 20g can be formed by removing a portion of the modified region 73 not covered with a mask 94 by RIE using the mask 94. A second opening 20h also can be formed in the insulating film 20 simultaneously with the first opening 20g.
The mask 94 is removed after forming the first opening 20g and the second opening 20h. After the mask 94 is removed, the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the second example of the third embodiment includes a process of forming the drain electrode 40. The source electrode 30 can be formed in the second opening 20h simultaneously with the formation of the drain electrode 40.
The drain electrode 40 includes the first part 41 that contacts the nitride semiconductor layer 10 in the first opening 20g, and the second part 42 that is positioned on the modified region 73. The first part 41 also contacts the side surface of the modified region 73. The modified region 73 corresponds to the conductive part 70 of the semiconductor device 3 shown in FIG. 4.
A method for manufacturing a semiconductor device according to a third example of the third embodiment will now be described with reference to
According to the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the third example of the third embodiment, the processes up to the process of forming the insulating film 20 shown in
Subsequently, the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the third example of the third embodiment includes a process of forming a first opening 20i in a portion of the insulating film 20 to expose the nitride semiconductor layer 10 as shown in
After forming the first opening 20i, the method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the third example of the third embodiment includes a process of forming a semi-insulating film 74 as shown in
The conductivity of the semi-insulating film 74 is greater than the conductivity of the insulating film 20. For example, a silicon nitride film can be used as the semi-insulating film 74. The nitrogen composition ratio in the silicon nitride film can be set to be not less than 40% and not more than 55%. Also, a SIPOS (Semi-Insulated Polycrystalline Silicon) film can be used as the semi-insulating film 74.
The method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the third example of the third embodiment includes a process of forming a second opening 20j by removing a portion of the semi-insulating film 74 formed in the first opening 20i. As shown in
For example, the second opening 20j can be formed by RIE using a mask 96. For example, a resist mask can be used as the mask 96. A third opening 20k also can be formed in the insulating film 20 simultaneously with the second opening 20j.
The mask 96 is removed after the second and third openings 20j and 20k are formed. The semi-insulating film 74 that is on the insulating film 20 is removed after the mask 96 is removed. As shown in
The method for manufacturing the semiconductor device according to the third example of the third embodiment includes a process of forming the drain electrode 40 in the second opening 20j. The source electrode 30 can be formed in the third opening 20k simultaneously with the formation of the drain electrode 40.
The drain electrode 40 includes the first part 41 that contacts the nitride semiconductor layer 10 in the second opening 20j, and the second part 42 that is positioned on the semi-insulating film 74. The first part 41 also contacts the side surface of the semi-insulating film 74. The semi-insulating film 74 corresponds to the conductive part 70 of the semiconductor device 3 shown in
The conductive part 70 of the semiconductor device 3 shown in
While certain embodiments have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel embodiments described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the embodiments described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modification as would fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2023-045980 | Mar 2023 | JP | national |