Patent Application
20210139745
This application claims priority to Japanese Patent Application No. 2019-203291, the disclosure of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety.
The present invention relates to a thermosetting sheet and a dicing die bonding film.
There is conventionally known a method (die bonding method) for bonding a semiconductor device to an adherend such as a metal lead frame in producing a semiconductor apparatus using a thermosetting sheet (for example JP 2019-021813 A). JP 2019-021813 A discloses a thermosetting sheet including conductive particles and a thermosetting resin.
In such a method, the thermosetting sheet with its one side provided with a semiconductor device has the other side temporarily bonded to an adherend such as a metal lead frame at a specific temperature (for example 70° C.), followed by to heat curing at a higher temperature (for example 200° C.) to be thereby bonded to the adherend.
In the case where a power semiconductor device is used in a semiconductor apparatus, the power semiconductor device is used with as large power as several MVA or more, consequently generating a large amount of heat. Thus, in the case where the thermosetting sheet as above is used for a power semiconductor device, the thermosetting sheet that has been bonded to the adherend, that is, the cured thermosetting sheet, preferably has high heat dissipation.
The problem of heat generation as aforementioned also occurs in the case where a semiconductor device other than a power semiconductor device is used. Nevertheless, no sufficient consideration appears to have been made on improving heat dissipation of the cured thermosetting sheet.
It is therefore an object of the present invention to provide a thermosetting sheet, having a relatively high heat dissipation after being cured, and a dicing die bonding film including the thermosetting sheet.
A thermosetting sheet according to the present invention includes; a thermosetting resin; a volatile component; and conductive particles, in which a weight reduction ratio W1 obtained when the thermosetting sheet under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min is heated from room temperature to 100° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 100° C. for 30 minutes is 0.5 mass % or less, and a weight reduction ratio W2 obtained when the thermosetting sheet under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min is heated from 100° C. to 200° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 200° C. for 30 minutes is 2 mass % or more.
In the thermosetting sheet, it is preferable that the volatile component include one or more hydroxy groups and have a boiling point of 250° C. or more.
In the thermosetting sheet, it is preferable that the volatile component be a terpene compound.
In the thermosetting sheet, it is preferable that the conductive particles be sinterable metal particles.
It is preferable that the sinterable metal particles include aggregated nanoparticles in which sinterable metal nanoparticles are aggregated, and that a mass ratio of the aggregated nanoparticles to a total mass of the sinterable metal particles be 50 mass % or more and 90 mass % or less.
A dicing die bonding film according to the present invention includes: a base layer; an adhesive layer laminated on the base layer to form a dicing tape; and a thermosetting sheet laminated on the adhesive layer of the dicing tape, wherein the thermosetting sheet is any one of the thermosetting sheets above.
Hereinafter, a description will be given on one embodiment of the present invention.
A thermosetting sheet according to this embodiment includes a thermosetting resin, a volatile component, and conductive particles.
Examples of the thermosetting resin include an epoxy resin, a phenol resin, an amino resin, an unsaturated polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, a silicone resin, and a thermosetting polyimide resin. Among these, an epoxy resin is preferably used.
Examples of the epoxy resin include the epoxy resins of bisphenol A type, bisphenol F type, bisphenol S type, brominated bisphenol A type, hydrogenerated bisphenol A type, bisphenol AF type, biphenyl type, naphthalene type, fluorene type, phenol novolak type, ortho-cresol novolak type, trishydroxyphenylmethane type, tetraphenylolethane type, hydantoin type, trisglycidyl isocyanurate type, and glycidyl amine type.
Examples of the phenol resin as a curing agent for the epoxy resin include a novolak type phenol resin, a resol type phenol resin, and a polyoxystyrene such as polyparaoxystyrene.
A thermoplastic resin having a thermosetting functional group can also be used as a thermosetting resin. Examples of the thermoplastic resin having a thermosetting functional group include a thermosetting functional group-containing acrylic resin. Examples of the acrylic resin in the thermosetting functional group-containing acrylic resin include an acrylic resin including a monomer unit derived from a (meth)acrylate ester. For the thermoplastic resin having a thermosetting functional group, a curing agent is selected depending on the kind of the thermosetting functional group.
The thermosetting sheet according to this embodiment may include a thermosetting catalyst in terms of sufficiently progressing the curing reaction of the resin component or increasing the curing reaction rate. Examples of the thermosetting catalyst include an imidazole-based compound, a triphenylphosphine-based compound, an amine-based compound, and a trihalogenborane-based compound.
Examples of the volatile component can include an organic compound that includes one or more hydroxy groups and has a boiling point of 250° C. or higher. The boiling point of the organic compound is preferably 350° C. or less. Examples of such an organic compound may include a terpene compound. As the volatile component, isobornyl cyclohexanol expressed by the following formula (1) is preferable among terpene compounds. Isobornyl cyclohexanol is an organic compound with a boiling point of 308 to 318° C., and has characteristics that, when heated under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min from room temperature (23±2° C.) to 600° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min, weight reduction becomes significant when the temperature reaches 100° C. and such significant weight reduction continues as the temperature increases, and volatilization and vanishment occurs (i.e., no further weight reduction is found) at 245° C. Isobornyl cyclohexanol has further characteristics that it has an extremely high viscosity of 1,000,000 Pa·s at 25° C. but has a relatively low viscosity of 1000 mPa·s or less at 60° C. The weight reduction refers to a value obtained when the weight reduction ratio at a measurement starting temperature (room temperature) is 0%. Isobornyl cyclohexanol exhibits an extremely high viscosity at 25° C. as aforementioned and thus can keep the thermosetting sheet in a sheet shape at room temperature, but at which it exhibits a relatively low viscosity at 60° C. as described above to have tackiness. That is, the thermosetting sheet including isobornyl cyclohexanol is excellent in capability of keeping itself in a sheet shape at room temperature, and has tackiness at 60° C. and higher. When a semiconductor device bonded to one side of the thermosetting sheet is mounted on a metal lead frame or the like, it is general that the semiconductor device is temporarily attached (fixed) to an adherend such as the metal lead frame via the thermosetting sheet at a temperature of 60 to 80° C. In the case where the thermosetting sheet according to this embodiment includes, as the volatile component, isobornyl cyclohexanol, which causes tackiness at 60° C. and higher as aforementioned, the temporary bonding of the thermosetting sheet to an adherend such as a metal lead frame is more improved. That is, the thermosetting sheet in the state of being temporarily bonded suppresses the semiconductor device from being displaced from its mounting position, and is suppressed from rising from the adherend. Thus, the semiconductor device can be reliably bonded to the adherend by heat-curing the thermosetting sheet.
Examples of the conductive particles include nickel particles, copper particles, silver particles, aluminum particles, carbon black, carbon nanotubes, metal particles formed by plating the surface of core metal with a metal such as gold (hereinafter referred to also as plated metal particles), and resin particles coated with a metal (hereinafter referred to also as metal-coated resin particles). These kinds of conductive particles may be individually used, or two or more kinds of them may be used in combination.
As the plated metal particles, for example, particles in which nickel particles or copper particles that serve as cores are plated with a noble metal such as gold or silver can be used. As the metal-coated resin particles, for example, particles in which resin particles or the like each have a surface coated with a metal such as nickel or gold can be used.
The shape of the conductive particles may be, for example, a flake shape, a needle shape, a filament shape, a spherical shape, or a scale shape, and is preferably a spherical shape in terms of improving dispersibility and a packing ratio. The packing ratio herein refers to a proportion of the conductive particles occupied per unit volume.
The average particle size of the conductive particles is preferably 0.005 μm or more and 30 μm or less, more preferably 0.01 μm or more and 25 μm or less, further preferably 0.05 μm or more and 20 μm or less. The average particle size of the conductive particles can be measured using, for example, a laser diffraction and scattering type particle size distribution measuring apparatus (Microtrac MT3000II series manufactured by MicrotracBEL).
The conductive particles are preferably sinterable metal particles. This configuration enables at least part of the sinterable metal particles included in the thermosetting sheet to be sintered after the thermosetting sheet is cured, thereby easily forming a heat dissipating path in a thickness direction of the thermosetting sheet. This enables the thermosetting sheet to have a relatively high heat dissipation. Examples of the sinterable metal particles include fine particles formed of a metal. Examples of the metal forming the fine particles include gold, silver, and copper. Among these, silver is preferably used. The sinterable particles herein refer to particles, at least a part of which come into tight contact with each other and are hence solidified when heated at a temperature equal to or lower than the melting point of the material forming the particles.
The average particle size of the sinterable metal particles is preferably 0.0005 μm or more, more preferably 0.001 μm or more. The average particle size of the sinterable metal particles is preferably 1 μm or less, more preferably 0.5 μm or less. The average particle size of the sinterable metal particles being 1 μm or less enables more sufficient sintering of the sinterable metal particles at a temperature at which a thermosetting resin is cured (for example 200° C.).
The average particle size of the sinterable metal particles can be measured by observing the sinterable metal particles using an SEM (scanning electron microscope). It is preferable that the sinterable metal particles be observed using the SEM at a magnification of 5000 times when they are of a micro size, at a magnification of 50000 times when they are of a submicron size, or at a magnification of 300000 times when they are of a nano size.
The sinterable metal particles may include aggregated nanoparticles in which sinterable metal nanoparticles are aggregated. The mass ratio of the sinterable metal particles to the total mass of the conductive metal particles is preferably 50 mass % or more and 90 mass % or less.
In the thermosetting sheet, according to this embodiment, a weight reduction ratio W1 obtained when the thermosetting sheet under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min is heated from room, temperature (23° C.±2° C.) to 100° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 100° C. for 30 minutes is 0.5 mass % or less, and a weight reduction ratio W2 obtained when the thermosetting sheet under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min is heated from 100° C. to 200° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 200° C. for 30 minutes is 2 mass % or more. The weight reduction ratio W2 is preferably 3 mass % or more. The weight reduction ratio herein means a ratio of weight reduction with reference to the weight of the thermosetting sheet at room temperature.
According to the thermosetting sheet of this embodiment configured as above, the thermosetting resin is made to cure at a temperature substantially equal to or less than a temperature of lead-free soldering when a semiconductor device is bonded to a metal lead frame or the like, to thereby enable the conductive particles to be densely packed in the cured thermosetting sheet (that, is, the thermosetting sheet that has been bonded). The cured thermosetting sheet can thus have a relatively high heat dissipation.
In the case where the thermosetting sheet, according to this embodiment includes the sinterable metal particles as the conductive particles, the conductive particles form a continuous phase in the thermosetting sheet to achieve excellent electric conductivity and thermal conductivity.
Since the thermosetting sheet according to this embodiment includes organic components such as the thermosetting resin in addition to the conductive particles, the thermosetting sheet has the conductive particles and the organic components mixed therein. This configuration allows the sheet to have a relatively low elastic modulus, thereby capable of relatively relaxing the stress applied to the sheet. Consequently, damage to the sheet can be suppressed.
The thermosetting sheet according to this embodiment may include a thermoplastic resin in addition to the thermosetting resin. The thermoplastic resin functions as a binder. Examples of the thermoplastic resin includes natural rubber, a butyl rubber, an isoprene rubber, a chloroprene rubber, an ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, an ethylene-acrylate copolymer, an ethylene-acrylate ester copolymer, a polybutadiene resin, a polycarbonate resin, a thermoplastic polyimide resin, a polyamide resin such as polyamide 6 or polyamide 6,6, a phenoxy resin, an acrylic resin, a saturated polyester resin such as PET or PBT, a polyamide-imide resin, and a fluororesin. These kinds, of thermoplastic resins may be individually used, or two or more kinds of them may be used in combination. As the thermoplastic resin, an acrylic resin is preferable in terms of its small amount of ionic impurities and high heat resistivity allowing the thermosetting sheet to easily secure connection reliability.
The acrylic resin is preferably a polymer that includes a monomer unit derived from a (meth)acrylate ester as the largest monomer unit by mass ratio. Examples of the (meth)acrylate ester include (meth)acrylate alkyl ester, (meth)acrylate cycloalkyl ester, and (meth)acrylate aryl ester. The acrylic resin may include a monomer unit derived from other component copolymerizable with the (meth)acrylate ester. Examples of the other component include a carboxy group-containing monomer, an acid anhydride monomer, a hydroxy group-containing monomer, a glycidyl group-containing monomer, a sulfonic acid group-containing monomer, a phosphate group-containing monomer, a functional group-containing monomer such as acrylic amid or acrylonitrile, and various multifunctional monomers. In terms of achieving high cohesive force in a die bonding layer, the acrylic resin is preferably a copolymer of a (meth)acrylate ester (in particular a (meth)acrylate alkyl ester having a 4 C or less alkyl group), a carboxy group-containing monomer, a nitrogen atom-containing monomer, and a multifunctional monomer (in particular, a polyglycidyl-based multifunctional monomer), is more preferably a copolymer of ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, and polyglycidyl (meth)acrylate.
The thermosetting sheet according to this embodiment may include one or more kinds of other components as needed. Examples of the other components include a filler dispersant, a flame retarder, a silane coupling agent, and an ion trapping agent.
The thermosetting sheet according to this embodiment has a thickness of preferably 5 μm or more, more, preferably 10 μm or more, further preferably 20 μm or more. The thermosetting sheet has a thickness of preferably 150 μm or less, more preferably 100 μm or less, further preferably 80 μm or less. The thermosetting sheet having a thickness of 150 μm or less can have more improved heat conductivity. The thickness of the thermosetting sheet can be obtained by measuring the thickness thereof at any 5 positions selected at random using a dial gauge (model R-205 manufactured by PEACOCK), followed by arithmetically averaging these thickness values.
Next, a description will be given on a dicing die bonding film 20 with reference to
As shown in
As aforementioned, the thermosetting sheet 3 of the dicing die bonding film 20 is a thermosetting sheet including the thermosetting resin, the volatile component, and the conductive particles, in which the weight reduction ratio W1 of the volatile component obtained when heated from room temperature (23±2° C.) to 100° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 100° C. for 30 minutes under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min is 0.5 mass % or less, and the weight reduction ratio W2 of the volatile component obtained when heated from 100° C. to 200° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 200° C. for 30 minutes under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min is 2 mass % or more.
The base layer 1 supports the adhesive layer 2, and the thermosetting sheet 3 laminated on the adhesive layer 2. The base layer 1 includes a resin. Examples of the resin include an olefin-based resin such as polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), or ethylene-propylene copolymer; a copolymer including ethylene as a monomer component, such as ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (EVA), an ionomer resin, ethylene-(meth) acrylate copolymer, or ethylene-(meth)acrylate ester (random or alternate) copolymer; a polyester such as polyethylene terephthalate (PET). polyethylene naphthalene (PEN), or polybutylene terephthalate (PBT); an acrylic resin; polyvinyl chloride (PVC); polyurethane; polycarbonate; polyphenylene sulfide (PPS); an amide-based resin such as polyamide or wholly aromatic polyamide (aramid); polyether ether ketone (PEEK); polyimide; polyether imide; polyvinylidene chloride; acrylonitrile butadiene styrene copolymer (ABS); a cellulose-based resin; a silicone resin; and a fluororesin. Among these, polyethylene terephthalate is preferably included in the base layer 1.
The base layer 1 may include one kind of the aforementioned resins, or may include two or more kinds of the aforementioned resins.
A material of the base layer 1, may be a crosslinked polymer or the like of any of the resins (for example, a plastic film). The plastic film may be, used without being stretched, or may be subjected to uniaxial biaxial stretching as needed for use. According to a resin sheet to which heat shrinkability is imparted by stretching or the like, a contact area between the adhesive layer 2 and the thermosetting sheet 3 can be reduced by causing the base layer 1 of the resin sheet to heat shrink after dicing, to thereby allow the semiconductor chips (semiconductor devices) to be easily collected.
A surface of the base layer 1 may be subjected to a general surface treatment to increase, for example, its tight adhesiveness to an adjacent layer, or its capability of being secured to the adjacent layer. Examples of the surface treatment include a chemical or physical treatment such as chromic acid treatment, ozone exposure, flame exposure, high-pressure electric shock exposure, or ionized radiation treatment; and coating treatment using a primer.
The base layer 1 has a thickness of preferably 1 μm or more and 1000 μm or less, more preferably 10 μm or more and 500 μm or less, further preferably 20 μm or more and 300 μm or less, particularly preferably 30 μm or more and 200 μm or less. The thickness of the base layer 1 can be obtained using a dial gauge (model R-205 manufactured by PEACOCK), as in the thickness of the thermosetting sheet 3 as aforementioned.
The base layer 1 may include various additives. Examples of the various additives include a colorant, a filler, a plasticizer, an aging retardant, an antioxidant, a surfactant, and a flame retarder.
An adhesive used for forming the adhesive layer 2 is not particularly limited, and for example a general pressure-sensitive adhesive such as an acrylic adhesive or a rubber adhesive can be used. The pressure-sensitive adhesive is preferably an acrylic adhesive including an acrylic polymer as, a base polymer in terms of, for example, securing clean washability of electronic components such as semiconductor wafers or glasses, which should be kept away from contamination, using ultrapure water or an organic solvent such as an alcohol.
Examples of the acrylic polymer include an acrylic polymer that includes, as a monomer component, one or more kinds of a (meth)acrylate alkyl ester and a (meth)acrylate cycloalkyl ester. Examples of the (meth)acrylate alkyl ester can include a linear or branched alkyl ester having a 1-30 C, particularly 4-18 C alkyl group, such as methyl ester, ethyl ester, propyl ester, isopropyl ester, butyl ester, isobutyl ester, s-butyl ester, t-butyl ester, pentyl ester, isopentyl ester, hexyl ester, heptyl ester, octyl ester, 2-ethylhexyl ester, isooctyl ester, nonyl ester, decyl ester, isodecyl ester, undecyl ester, dodecyl ester, tridecyl ester, tetradecyl ester, hexadeoyl ester, octadecyl ester, or eicosyl ester. Examples of the (meth)acrylate cycloalkyl ester can include cyclopentyl ester and cyclohexyl ester. The (meth)acrylate ester means at least one of the acrylate ester or the methacrylate ester, and the term (meth) herein is used in the same way as above throughout the specification.
The acrylic polymer may include a unit corresponding to another monomer component that is copolymerizable with the (meth)acrylate alkyl ester or the (meth)acrylate cycloalkyl ester, as appropriate, for the purpose of improving cohesive force, heat resistance, or the like. Examples of such a monomer component include: a carboxyl group-containing monomer such as acrylate, methacrylate, carboxyethyl (meth)acrylate, carboxypentyl (meth)acrylate, itaconic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, or crotonic acid; an acid anhydride monomer such as maleic anhydride or itaconic anhydride; a hydroxy group-containing monomer such as 2-hydroxythyl (meth)acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl (meth)acrylate, 4-hydroxybutyl (meth)acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl (meth)acrylate, 8-hydroxyoctyl (meth)acrylate, 10-hydroxydecyl (meth)acrylate, 12-hydroxylauryl (meth)acrylate, or (4-hydroxymethyl cyclohexyl) methyl (meth)acrylate; a sulfonic acid group-containing monomer such as styrenesulfonic acid, arylsulfonic acid, 2-(meth)acrylamide-2-methylpropanesulfonic acid, (meth)acryloyloxynaphthalenesulfonic acid, or sulfopropyl (meth)acrylate; a phosphate group-containing monomer such as 2-hydroxyethyl acryloyl phosphate; acrylamide; and acrylonitrile. One or more kinds of these copolymerizable monomer components can be used. The amount of these copolymerizable monomers in use is preferably 40 mass % or less of the total monomer components.
The acrylic polymer can further include a multifunctional monomer or the like as a copolymerizing monomer component as needed for crosslinking. Examples of such a multifunctional monomer include hexanediol di(meth)acrylate, (poly)ethylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, (poly)propylene glycol di(meth)acrylate, neopentyl glycol di(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol di(meth)acrylate, tripmethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, epoxy (meth)acrylate, polyester (meth)acrylate, and urethane (meth)acrylate. One or more kinds of these multifunctional monomers can be used. The amount of these multifunctional monomers in use is preferably 30 mass % or less of the total monomer components in terms of, for example, their adhesion characteristics.
The acrylic polymer can be obtained by polymerizing a single monomer or two or more kinds of monomer mixtures. The polymerization may be performed by any of solution polymerization, emulsion polymerization, bulk polymerization, suspension polymerization, and the like. The acrylic polymer preferably has a small content of low-molecular weight substances in terms of, for example, preventing a clean adherend from contamination. In this regard, the number average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer is preferably 300,000 or more, more preferably about 400,000 to 3,000,000.
An external crosslinking agent can be appropriately added to the adhesive, in order to increase the number average molecular weight of the acrylic polymer or the like, which is the base polymer of the adhesive. Specific examples of the external crosslinking method include a method which includes adding a crosslinking agent such as a polyisocyanate compound, an epoxy compound, an aziridine compound, or a melamine-based crosslinking agent to the adhesive to cause a reaction. In the case where the external crosslinking agent is used, the amount of the external crosslinking agent in use is determined as appropriate, in consideration of the balance with the amount of the base polymer to be crosslinked and its intended use as the adhesive. Generally, the amount of the external crosslinking agent mixed with the base polymer is preferably about 5 parts by mass or less, more preferably 0.1 to 5 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of the base polymer.
In addition to the aforementioned components, the adhesive may include additives such as any known tackifier and aging retardant as appropriate.
The adhesive layer 2 can be formed of a radiation-curable adhesive. The radiation-curable adhesive can easily reduce its pressure-sensitive adhesiveness by being irradiated with radiation such as ultraviolet rays to increase the degree of crosslinking. That is, the adhesive layer 2 formed of the radiation-curable adhesive allows the thermosetting sheet 3 to be in sufficient contact with the adhesive layer 2 without being subjected to radiation irradiation before dicing, and reduces its pressure-sensitive adhesiveness by being subjected to radiation irradiation after dicing so that semiconductor chips (semiconductor devices) can be easily picked up or collected.
The radiation-curable adhesive is not particularly limited, and can be any adhesive as long as it has a radiation-curable functional group of a carbon-carbon double bond or the like, and exhibits pressure-sensitive adhesiveness. Examples of the radiation-curable adhesive include an additive-type radiation-curable adhesive in which a radiation-curable monomer component or oligomer component is mixed with a general pressure-sensitive adhesive such as an acrylic adhesive or a rubber adhesive.
Examples of the radiation-curable monomer component include urethane (meth)acrylate, trimethylolpropane tri(meth)acrylate, tetramethylolmethane tetra(meth)acrylate pentaerythritol tri(meth)acrylate, pentaerythritol tetra(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol monohydroxy penta(meth)acrylate, dipentaerythritol hexa(meth)acrylate, and 1,4-butanediol di(meth)acrylate. Examples of the radiation-curable oligomer component include a urethane-based oligomer, a polyether-based oligomer, a polyester-based oligomer, a polycarbonate-based oligomer, a polybutadiene-based oligomer, and various other oligomers, and any of these oligomers having a molecular weight of about 100 to 30,000 is preferable. The mixing amount of the radiation-curable monomer component or the radiation-curable oligomer component is preferably such an amount as to allow the adhesive layer 2 to appropriately reduce its pressure-sensitive adhesiveness after radiation irradiation. Generally, the mixing amount of the radiation-curable monomer component or the radiation-curable oligomer component is, for example, preferably 5 to 500 parts by mass, more preferably 40 to 150 parts by mass, based on the 100 parts by mass of the base polymer such as an acrylic polymer constituting the adhesive.
In addition to the additive-type radiation-curable adhesives mentioned above, the radiation-curable adhesive can be an intrinsic-type radiation-curable adhesive in which a polymer having a carbon-carbon double bond in a side chain or the main chain of the polymer or at a terminal of the main chain is used as the base polymer. The intrinsic-type radiation-curable adhesive does not need to include an oligomer component or the like, which is a low-molecular component, or includes a relatively small content of the oligomer component or the like. Thus, the use of the intrinsic-type radiation-curable adhesive suppresses the oligomer component or the like from migrating within the adhesive layer 2 over time. As a result, the adhesive layer 2 can have a relatively stable layer structure.
The base polymer having the carbon-carbon double bond is not particularly limited as long as it has a carbon-carbon double bond and has pressure-sensitive adhesiveness. Such a base polymer preferably has an acrylic polymer as the basic skeleton. Examples of the basic skeleton of the acrylic polymer include the aforementioned acrylic polymers.
A method for introducing the carbon-carbon double bond into the acrylic polymer is not particularly limited and various methods can be employed, but when adopting a method in which the carbon-carbon double bond is introduced in a polymer side chain, molecular design can be easily made. Examples of the method include a method in which a monomer having a functional group is in advance caused to copolymerize with the acrylic polymer, followed by subjecting a compound having the carbon-carbon double bond and a functional group that can react with the functional group of the monomer to a condensation reaction or an addition reaction in the state where the carbon-carbon double bond is kept radiation-curable.
Examples of the combination of the functional groups include: a carboxylic acid group and an epoxy group, a carboxylic acid group and an aziridinyl group, and a hydroxy group and an isocyanate group. Among these combinations of the functional groups, a combination of a hydroxy group and an isocyanate group is preferable in terms of easy reaction tracking. In these combinations of the functional groups, any of the functional groups can be present on any side of the acrylic polymer and the compound having the carbon-carbon double bond, as long as the combination of the functional groups generates an acrylic polymer having the carbon-carbon double bond. In the case of the aforementioned preferable combination, however, it is preferable that the acrylic polymer have a hydroxy group and the compound having the carbon-carbon double bond have an isocyanate group. In this case, examples of the isocyanate compound having the carbon-carbon double bond include methacryloyl isocyanate, 2-methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate, and m-isopropenyl-α,α-dimethylbenzyl isocyanate. Examples of the acrylic polymer include a polymer formed by copolymerizing an ether-based compound or the like such as the aforementioned hydroxy group-containing monomer, 2-hydroxyethyl vinyl ether, 4-hydroxybutyl vinyl ether, or diethylene glycol monovinyl ether.
In the intrinsic-type radiation-curable adhesive, the base polymer having the carbon-carbon double bond (in particular an acrylic polymer) may be individually used, but the radiation-curable monomer component or the radiation-curable oligomer component can be added in such an amount as not to impair the characteristics of the adhesive. The radiation-curable oligomer component or the like is included generally in the range of 30 parts or less by mass, preferably in the range of 1 to 10 parts by mass, based on 100 parts by mass of the base polymer.
The radiation-curable adhesive includes a photopolymerization initiator in the case of being cured by, for example, ultraviolet rays. Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include an α-ketol-based compound such as 4-(2-hydroxyethoxy)phenyl(2-hydroxy-2-propyl) ketone, α-hydroxy-α,α′-dimethylacetophenone, 2-methyl-hydroxypropiophenone, or 1-hydroxycyclohexyl phenyl ketone; an acetophenone-based compound such as methoxyacetophenone, 2,2-dimethoxy-2-phenylacetophenone, 2,2-diethoxyacetophenone, or 2-methyl-1-[4-(methylthio)-phenyl]-2-morpholinopropane-1; an benzoin ether-based compound such as benzoin ethyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, or anisoin methyl ether; a ketal-based compound such as benzil dimethylketal; an aromatic sulfonyl chloride-based compound such as 2-naphthalene sulfonyl chloride; a photoactive oxime-based compound such as 1-phenone-1,1-propanedione-2-(o-ethoxycarbonyl)oxime; a benzophenone-based compound such as benzophenone, benzoyl benzoic acid, or 3,3′-dimethyl-4-metoxybenzophenone; a thioxanthone-based compound such as thioxanthone, 2-chlorothioxanthone, 2-methylthioxanthone, 2,4-dimethylthioxanthone, isopropylthioxanthone, 2,4-dichlorothioxanthone, 2,4-diethylthioxanthone, or 2,4-diisopropylthioxanthone; camphorquinone; halogenated ketone; acylphosphine oxide; and acylphosphonate. The mixing amount of the photopolymerization initiator is, for example, 0.05 to 20 parts by mass based on 100 parts by mass of an acrylic polymer as the base polymer constituting the adhesive.
Examples of the radiation-curable adhesive include a rubber or acrylic adhesive disclosed in JP S80-196956 which includes: a photopolymerizable compound such as an addition polymerizable compound having two or more unsaturated bonds or alkoxysilane having an epoxy group; and a photopolymerization initiator such as a carbonyl compound, an organic sulfur compound, a peroxide, amine, or an onium salt-based compound.
In the case where curing inhibition by oxygen occurs at the time of radiation irradiation, it is desirable to keep the surface of the radiation-curable adhesive layer 2 away from oxygen (air) using some method. For example, the method can be performed by covering the surface of the adhesive layer 2 with a separator, or by irradiating the surface of the adhesive layer 2 with radiation such as ultraviolet rays in a nitrogen gas atmosphere.
The thickness of the adhesive layer 2 is not particularly limited, but is preferably 1 to 50 μm, more preferably 2 to 30 μm, further preferably 5 to 25 μm, in terms of both preventing chipping of a chip cutting surface and achieving the capability of enabling the thermosetting sheet 3 to be secured to the adhesive layer 2 and kept in the secured state.
The matters disclosed herein include the following:
A thermosetting sheet including: a thermosetting resin; a volatile component; and conductive particles, wherein a weight reduction ratio W1 obtained when the thermosetting sheet under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min is heated from room temperature to 100° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 100° C. for 30 minutes is 0.5 mass % or less, and a weight reduction ratio W2 obtained when the thermosetting sheet under a nitrogen gas flow of 200 mL/min is heated from 100° C. to 200° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 200° C. for 30 minutes is 2 mass % or more.
According to such a configuration, the thermosetting resin is made to cure at a temperature substantially equal to or less than a temperature of lead-free soldering when a semiconductor device is bonded to a metal lead frame or the like, thereby enabling the conductive particles to be densely packed in the cured thermosetting sheet (that is, the thermosetting sheet that has been bonded). The cured thermosetting sheet can thus have a relatively high, heat dissipation.
The thermosetting sheet of (1) above, in which the volatile component includes one or more hydroxy groups and has a boiling point 250° C. or more.
According to such a configuration, the volatile component includes one or more hydroxy groups and has a boiling point of 250° C. or more, enabling the cured thermosetting sheet to have a higher heat dissipation.
The thermosetting sheet of (1) or (2) above, in which the volatile component is a terpene compound.
According to such a configuration, the volatile component is a terpene compound, enabling the cured thermosetting sheet to have a higher heat dissipation.
The thermosetting sheet of (3) above, in which the terpene compound is isobornyl cyclohexanol expressed by the following formula (1):
According to such a configuration, the temporary bonding of the thermosetting sheet to an adherend such as a metal lead frame is more improved. That is, the thermosetting sheet, in the state of being temporarily bonded suppresses the semiconductor device from being displaced from its mounting position, and is suppressed from rising from the adherend. Thus, the semiconductor device can be reliably bonded to the adherend by heat-curing the thermosetting sheet.
The thermosetting sheet of any one of (1) to (4) above, in which the conductive particles are sinterable metal particles.
The thermosetting sheet of (5) above, in which the sinterable metal particles include silver.
According to such a configuration, the conductive particles are the sinterable metal particles, enabling at least a part of the conductive particles in the cured thermosetting sheet to be sintered. As a result, a more sufficient heat dissipating path can be formed in the thickness direction of the cured thermosetting sheet. The cured thermosetting sheet can thus have a higher heat dissipation.
The thermosetting sheet of (5) or (6) above, in which the sinterable metal particles include aggregated nanoparticles in which sinterable metal nanoparticles are aggregated, and a mass ratio of the aggregated nanoparticles to a total mass of the sinterable metal particles is 50 mass % or more and 90 mass % or less.
According to such a configuration, the sinterable metal particles include the aggregated nanoparticles in which the sinterable metal nanoparticles are aggregated, and the mass ratio of the aggregated nanoparticles to the total mass of the sinterable metal particles is 50 mass % or more and 90 mass % or less, enabling the cured thermosetting sheet to have a higher heat dissipation.
A dicing die bonding film including: a base layer; an adhesive layer laminated on the base layer to form a dicing tape; and a thermosetting sheet laminated on the adhesive layer of the dicing tape, in which the thermosetting sheet is any one of (1) to (7) above.
According to such a configuration, the dicing die bonding film can include a cured thermosetting sheet having a relatively high heat dissipation.
The thermosetting sheet and the dicing die bonding film according to the present invention are not limited to the aforementioned embodiment. The thermosetting sheet and the dicing die bonding film according to the present invention are not limited by the aforementioned operational advantages, either. Various modifications can be made for the thermosetting sheet and the dicing die bonding film according to the present invention without departing from the gist of the present invention.
Hereinafter, the present invention will be more specifically described with reference to the examples. The following examples are provided for more specifically describing the present invention, and do not intend to limit the scope of the present invention.
A mixture of materials having the respective mass ratios shown in the column “Example 1” of Table 1 below was stirred using a hybrid mixer (product name: HM-500 manufactured by KEYENCE CORPORATION) for 3 minutes to prepare a varnish. The varnish was applied to one side of a release treatment film (product name: MRA38, with a thickness of 38 μm, manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation), followed by being allowed to dry at 100° C. for 2 minutes to obtain a thermosetting sheet having a thickness of 30 μm. In order to confirm whether the thermosetting sheet according to Example 1 has good or poor tackiness, two sheet pieces each having a 10 cm square shape were cut out of the thermosetting sheet according to Example 1, stacked on each other, and subjected to laminating roll treatment (pressure of 0.5 MPa) to obtain a sheet laminated body as a test piece. The materials shown in Table 1 below are as follows:
Phenol Resin
MEHC-7851S (biphenyl type phenol resin, phenol equivalent of 209 g/eq), manufactured by MEIWA PLASTIC INDUSTRIES, LTD.
Solid Epoxy Resin
KI-3000-4 (cresol novolak type multifunctional epoxy resin, epoxy equivalent of 200 g/eq), manufactured by Nippon Steel & Sumikin Chemical Co., Ltd.
Liquid Epoxy Resin
EXA-4816 (aliphatic modified bisphenol A type epoxy resin (bifunctional type), epoxy equivalent of 403 g/eq), manufactured by DIC Corporation
Filler Dispersant
UC-3510 (acrylic acid-based polymer (acrylic resin)), manufactured by TOAGOSEI CO., LTD.
Silver-Coated Copper Particles
10% Ag/1200YP (flat copper particles (1200YP) coated with 10 mass % of silver particles, with the average particle size of 3.5 μm, irregular shapes), manufactured by MITSUI MINING & SMELTING CO., LTD.
Silver Particles
SPH02J (aggregated Ag nanoparticles, irregular shapes, with the average particle size of aggregates of 1.8 μm), manufactured by MITSUI MINING & SMELTING CO., LTD.
Isobornyl Cyclohexanol (MTPH)
MTPUI manufactured by Nippon Terpene Chemicals, Inc.
Acrylic Resin Solution
TEISANRESIN SG-70L (including MEK and toluene as solvents, solid content of 12.5%, glass transition temperature of −13° C. mass-average molecular weight of 900,000, acid value of 5 mg/KOH, carboxyl group-containing acrylic copolymer), manufactured by Nagase ChemteX Corporation
Coupling Agent
KBE-846 (bis(triethoxysilylpropyl)tetrasulfide), manufactured by Shin-Etsu Chemical Co., Ltd.
Catalyst
TPP-K (tetraphenylphosphonium tetraphenylborate), manufactured by HOKKO CHEMICAL INDUSTRY CO., LTD.
Solvent
Methyl ethyl ketone
Table 2 below shows a mass ratio of the silver particles (aggregated nanoparticles) to the total mass of the metal particles (silver-coated copper particles and silver particles (aggregated nanoparticles)), and a mass ratio of isobornyl cyclohexanol to the total mass of the organic components (phenol resin, epoxy resin (solid and liquid), acrylic resin solution, and isobornyl cyclohexanol).
The thermosetting sheet according to Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a mixture of materials having the respective mass ratios shown in the column “Example 2” of Table 1 below was used. In order to confirm whether the thermosetting sheet according to Example 2 has good or poor tackiness, a sheet laminated body thereof was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
The thermosetting sheet according to Example 3 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a mixture of materials having the respective mass ratios shown in the column “Example 3” of Table 1 below was used. In order to confirm whether the thermosetting sheet according to Example 3 has good or poor tackiness, a sheet laminated body thereof was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
The thermosetting sheet according to Example 4 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a mixture of materials having the respective mass ratios shown in the column “Example 4” of Table 1 below was used. In order to confirm whether the thermosetting sheet according to Example 4 has good or poor tackiness, a sheet laminated body thereof was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
The thermosetting sheet according to Example 5 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a mixture of materials having the respective mass ratios shown in the column “Example 5” of Table 1 below was used. In order to confirm whether the thermosetting sheet according to Example 5 has good or poor tackiness, a sheet laminated body thereof was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
The thermosetting sheet according to Comparative Example 1 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a mixture of materials having the respective mass ratios shown in the column “Comparative Example 1” of Table 1 below was used. In order to confirm whether the thermosetting sheet according to Comparative Example 1 has good or poor tackiness, a sheet laminated body thereof was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
The thermosetting sheet according to Comparative Example 2 was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that a mixture of materials having the respective mass ratios shown in the column “Comparative Example 2” of Table 1 below was used. In order to confirm whether the thermosetting sheet according to Comparative Example 2 has good or poor tackiness, a sheet laminated body thereof was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.
A cylindrical-shaped test piece having an outer diameter of 5 mm was cut out of the thermosetting sheet according to each of the Examples and Comparative Examples, and the weight reduction ratio was measured for each of these test pieces. In the measurement of the weight reduction ratio, a differential thermal balance (product name: TG-DTA TG8120, manufactured by Rigaku Corporation) was used to measure the weight reduction ratio W1 obtained when each of the test pieces in the atmosphere in which nitrogen gas flowed at a rate of 200 mL/min was heated from room temperature (23±2° C.) to 100° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 100° C. for 30 minutes, and the weight reduction ratio W2 obtained when the test piece in the atmosphere in which nitrogen gas flowed at a rate of 200 mL/min was heated from 100° C. to 200° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min. and then maintained at 200° C. for 30 minutes. Weight reduction refers to a value when the weight reduction ratio at the measurement starting temperature (room temperature) is 0%. The weight reduction ratios and W2 refer to ratios of weight reduction with reference to the weight (initial weight) of each of the test pieces at room temperature. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
The thermosetting sheet according to each of the Examples and Comparative Examples was heat-cured using a pressure cooker apparatus under 0.5 MPa pressure at 200° C. for an hour. The thermal conductivity for the heat-cured thermosetting sheet according to each of the Examples and Comparative Examples was calculated using the equation below:
Thermal conductivity (W/m·K)=Thermal diffusivity (m2s)×Specific heat (J/g·° C.)×Specific weight (g/cm3)
The thermal diffusivity α (m2 s) was measured by the TWA method (temperature wave analysis, measuring instrument: ai-Phase Mobile manufactured by ai-Phase Co., Ltd.). The specific heat Cp (J/g·° C.) was measured by the DSC method. In the specific heat measurement, DSC6220 manufactured by SII NanoTechnology Inc. was used at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and in a temperature range of 20 to 300° C. to obtain the data, based on which the specific heat was calculated according to the method stipulated in the JIS handbook (Testing Methods for Specific Heat Capacity of Plastics: K-7123). Specific weight was measured by the Archimedes method. The calculated thermal diffusivity for the cured thermosetting sheet according to each of the Examples and Comparative Examples is shown in Table 2 below.
Tackiness was evaluated as follows. That is, when the laminated state of the sheet laminated body according to each of the Examples and Comparative Examples was visually observed, the sheet laminated body that maintains its laminated state without occurrence of easy delamination (without occurrence delamination to such a degree as to cause a problem in practical use) after lamination treatment was evaluated as ∘, and the sheet laminated body that fails to maintain its laminated state as a result of easy delamination (as a result of delamination to such a degree as to cause a problem in practical use) after lamination treatment was evaluated as ×. The results are shown in Table 2 below.
As shown in Table 2, the weight reduction ratios W1 of the thermosetting sheets (before curing) according to the Examples and Comparative Examples (i.e., the weight reduction ratios when the thermosetting sheets were heated from room temperature (23° C.±2° C.) to 100° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 100° C. for 30 minutes) were 0.5 % mass or less. On the other hand, the weight reduction ratios W2 of the thermosetting sheets (before curing) according to the Examples, which include isobornyl cyclohexanol, (i.e., the weight reduction ratios when the thermosetting sheets were heated from 100° C. to 200° C. at a temperature rising rate of 10° C./min and then maintained at 200° C. for 30 minutes) were 2 mass % or more, but the weight reduction ratios W2 of the thermosetting sheets (before curing) according to the Comparative Examples, which do not include isobornyl cyclohexanol, were less than 2 mass %. Also as shown in Table 2, the thermal conductivities of the thermosetting sheets (after curing) according to the Examples had relatively high values (Example 1: 8.38 W/(m·K), Example 2: 18.34 W/(m·K), Example 3: 4.29 W/(m·K), Example 4: 6.23 W/(m·K), Example 5: 9.75 W/(m·K)). In contrast, the thermal conductivities of the thermosetting sheets (after curing) according to the Comparative Examples had relatively low values (Comparative Example 1: 1.55 W/(m·K), Comparative Example 2: 1.98 W/(m·K)).
It is understood from these results that a thermosetting sheet that includes isobornyl cyclohexanol and has the, weight reduction ratio W1 and the weight reduction ratio W2 respectively falling within specific value ranges can have a relatively high thermal conductivity, that is, can have an improved heat dissipation. In the thermosetting sheets of the Examples, the mass ratios of the silver particles (aggregated nanoparticles) to the total mass of the metal particles (silver-coated copper particles and silver particles (aggregated nanoparticles) respectively fell within the range of 50 mass % to 90 mass %, and in the thermosetting sheet of the Comparative Example 1, the mass ratio of the silver particles (aggregated nanoparticles) to the total mass of the metal particles (silver-coated copper particles and silver particles (aggregated nanoparticles) was 24 mass %. It is understood from these results that the thermosetting sheet in which the mass ratio of the aggregated nanoparticles to the total mass of the metal particles falls within the range of 50 mass % to 90 mass % can have an improved heat dissipation.
As shown in Table 2, the sheet laminated body formed with the thermosetting sheet according to each of the Examples maintains its laminated state and has good tackiness (∘), but the sheet laminated body formed with the thermosetting sheet according to each of the Comparative Examples fails to maintain its laminated state and has poor tackiness (×). That is, it is understood that the thermosetting sheet according to each of the Examples, which includes isobornyl cyclohexanol, exhibits excellent tackiness, but the thermosetting sheet according to each of the Comparative Examples, which does not include isobornyl cyclohexanol, has poor tackiness.
1: Base layer
2: Adhesive layer
3: Thermosetting sheet
10: Dicing tape
20: Dicing die bonding film
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2019-203291 | Nov 2019 | JP | national |
