This application claims the benefit of Japanese Priority Patent Application No. 2017-206175 filed on Oct. 25, 2017, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
The disclosure relates to a joint structure that joins two or more objects to each other, an electronic component module including the joint structure, an electronic component unit including the joint structure, and a method of manufacturing the electronic component unit.
Some electronic component modules have been proposed each of which includes a plurality of electronic components that are modularized. For example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2009-76588 discloses a sensor package that accommodates a sensor chip including an acceleration sensor and fixed to an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) through an adhesive resin layer. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. 2016-87691 discloses a module that accommodates an electronic component soldered to a substrate by means of a lead (Pb)-free paste. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. H09-181125 discloses a mutual joint structure that is suitable for coupling a microelectronic circuit chip to a package. The mutual joint structure includes a solderable layer including a metal, such as a nickel-iron (NiFe) alloy, and a tin-based and lead-free solder ball provided on the solderable layer. Japanese Unexamined Patent Application Publication No. H08-316629 discloses a module substrate that includes two opposite substrates joined to each other through a pillar member. The pillar member includes a copper columnar body surrounded with a solder material.
A joint structure according to one embodiment of the disclosure includes a first metal part including a nickel-iron alloy or copper, and a second metal part provided adjacent to the first metal part and including tin. Out of the first metal part and the second metal part, the first metal part includes a plurality of first metal parts, or out of the first metal part and the second metal part, the second metal part includes a plurality of second metal parts, or the first metal part includes a plurality of first metal parts and the second metal part includes a plurality of second metal parts.
An electronic component module according to one embodiment of the disclosure includes an electronic component chip including an electronic component, and a joint structure provided on the electronic component chip. The joint structure includes a first metal part and a second metal part. The first metal part includes a nickel-iron alloy or copper. The second metal part is provided adjacent to the first metal part and includes tin. Out of the first metal part and the second metal part, the first metal part includes a plurality of first metal parts, or out of the first metal part and the second metal part, the second metal part includes a plurality of second metal parts, or the first metal part includes a plurality of first metal parts and the second metal part includes a plurality of second metal parts.
An electronic component unit according to one embodiment of the disclosure includes a first substrate including a first electronic component, a second substrate including a second electronic component, and a joint structure joining the first substrate and the second substrate. The joint structure includes a first metal part and a second metal part. The first metal part includes a nickel-iron alloy or copper. The second metal part is provided adjacent to the first metal part and includes tin. Out of the first metal part and the second metal part, the first metal part includes a plurality of first metal parts, or out of the first metal part and the second metal part, the second metal part includes a plurality of second metal parts, or the first metal part includes the plurality of first metal parts and the second metal part includes the plurality of second metal parts.
A method of manufacturing an electronic component unit according to one embodiment of the disclosure includes: forming a joint structure on a first substrate that includes a first electronic component, the joint structure including a first metal part that includes a nickel-iron alloy or copper and a second metal part that is provided adjacent to the first metal part and includes tin, out of the first metal part and the second metal part, the first metal part including a plurality of first metal parts, or out of the first metal part and the second metal part, the second metal part including a plurality of second metal parts, or the first metal part including the plurality of first metal parts and the second metal part including the plurality of second metal parts; providing a second substrate on a first surface of the joint structure, the second substrate including a second electronic component, the first surface of the joint structure being opposite to a second surface of the joint structure, the second surface of the joint structure facing the first substrate; and forming an alloy of the nickel-iron alloy or the copper included in the first metal part and the tin included in the second metal part by heating the first metal part and the second metal part.
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the disclosure and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings illustrate example embodiments and, together with the specification, serve to explain the principles of the disclosure.
A region in which a joint structure is formed has been increasingly narrowed for a higher packaging density of electronic components in an electronic component module. A higher packaging density of electronic components, however, may possibly cause short-circuiting in circuitry including the electronic components due to the joint structure melted by reheating.
It is desirable to provide a joint structure having superior quality, an electronic component module including the joint structure, an electronic component unit including the joint structure, and a method of manufacturing the electronic component unit.
In the following, some example embodiments of the disclosure are described in detail, in the following order, with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that the following description is directed to illustrative examples of the disclosure and not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. Factors including, without limitation, numerical values, shapes, materials, components, positions of the components, and how the components are coupled to each other are illustrative only and not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. Further, elements in the following example embodiments which are not recited in a most-generic independent claim of the disclosure are optional and may be provided on an as-needed basis. The drawings are schematic and are not intended to be drawn to scale. Note that the like elements are denoted with the same reference numerals, and any redundant description thereof will not be described in detail. Note that the description is given in the following order.
The joint structure 1 includes a first metal part 10 and a plurality of second metal parts 20. The first metal part 10 includes a nickel-iron (NiFe) alloy or copper (Cu). The second metal parts 20 are provided adjacent to the first metal part 10 and include tin (Sn). In the first embodiment, the first metal part 10 may have a substantially columnar shape, and the second metal parts 20 may each have a substantially cylindrical pillar shape. The second metal parts 20 may be provided discretely in an X-Y in-plane. The pillar-shaped second metal parts 20 hereinafter may also be referred to as “second metal pillars 20 (20A to 20G)”.
In the first embodiment, the first metal part 10 may be filled in gaps between the second metal parts 20 extending in a thickness direction of the joint structure 1 along a Z-axis. As illustrated by a dashed-line in
In the joint structure 1, one of the second metal parts 20 (e.g., the second metal pillar 20A) may be surrounded by the other second metal parts 20 (e.g., the second metal pillars 20B to 20G). For example, the second metal pillars 20B to 20G may be respectively provided at the six vertices of a regular hexagon centering around the second metal pillar 20A. In other words, the centers of the the second metal pillars 20A to 20G may be positioned at an equal interval.
Referring to
An example method of manufacturing the electronic component unit 3 including the joint structure 1 according to an example embodiment of the disclosure will now be described with reference to
First, the joint structure 1 is formed on a surface 50S of the ASIC 50 including the semiconductor devices 51, as follows. With reference to
Thereafter, with reference to
Thereafter, the resist pattern R1 may be removed, and a resist pattern R2 may be formed in a selective region so as to surround the second metal pillars 20, as illustrated in
Thereafter, with reference to
Finally, the resist pattern R2 may be removed to produce the joint structure 1 on the surface 50S of the ASIC 50, as illustrated in
Although the foregoing description with reference to
After the formation of the joint structure 1, the sensor chip 40 including the sensor 41 is provided on a first surface of the joint structure. The first surface of the joint structure 1 is opposite to a second surface, facing the ASIC 50, of the joint structure 1. In other words, the sensor chip 40 is disposed on the joint structure 1 that is provided on the surface 50S of the ASIC 50. The joint structure 1 in such a state may be heated and melted followed by being cooled, so that the sensor chip 40 may be joined to the ASIC 50 through the joint structure 1. During the heating process performed on the joint structure 1, the tin included in the second metal parts 20 is diffused to the first metal part 10 surrounding the second metal parts 20, forming the alloy regions 30, as illustrated in
The electronic component unit 3 may be manufactured through the processes described above.
According to any example embodiment of the disclosure, the joint structure 1 includes the first metal part 10 and the plurality of second metal parts 20. The first metal part 10 includes a nickel-iron alloy or copper. The second metal parts 20 are provided adjacent to the first metal part 10 and include tin (Sn). Thus, after the heating process performed on such a joint structure 1, the two or more alloy regions 30 may be formed that include an alloy of the constituent element of the first metal part 10 and the constituent element of the second metal parts 20. This raises the melting point of the joint structure 1, improves structural uniformity across the entire joint structure 1, and reduces variations in quality of the joint structure 1. Therefore, according to any example embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to ensure superior quality of the joint structure 1 that has, for example, a high melting point owing to the formation of the alloy regions 30, and high resistance to deformation and remelting even after reheating in a subsequent process. Further, according to the method of manufacturing of the electronic component unit 3 of any example embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to produce the electronic component unit 3 having the superior quality.
According to an example embodiment of the disclosure, the first metal part 10 may further include a tin-nickel-iron alloy or a tin-copper alloy, and the second metal part 20 may further include a tin-nickel-iron alloy or a tin-copper alloy. This mitigates variations in quality across the entire joint structure 1. Accordingly, it is possible to join the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40 more firmly by melting the joint structure 1 in an initial heating. It is also possible to maintain the joint between the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40 more securely, since the joint structure 1 is resistant to remelting during the reheating.
According to an example embodiment of the disclosure, the tin-based second metal parts 20 may be the plurality of pillars extending along the Z-axis, and the first metal part 10 including the nickel-iron alloy or copper may be filled in the gaps between the second metal parts 20. The joint structure 1 having a such configuration has reduced variations in metal composition along the Z-axis, compared with, for example, a joint structure 1A according to a second embodiment described below in which first metal parts 11 and second metal parts 21 are alternately laminated along the Z-axis. Accordingly, it is possible to enhance the joint strength between the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40 that are joined along the Z-axis through the joint structure 1. Further, according to such an example embodiment of the disclosure, the melting point of the nickel-iron alloy or copper included in the columnar first metal part 10 is higher than the melting point of the tin included in the second metal parts 20 surrounded by the first metal part 10. Accordingly, it is possible to maintain a distance between the sensor chip 40 and the ASIC 50 more accurately than another example embodiment of the disclosure in which a plurality of first metal parts 10 including the nickel-iron alloy or copper and each having a pillar shape are provided and the tin-based second metal part 20 is filled in gaps between the first metal parts 10. Furthermore, since tin has a lower melting point than a nickel-iron alloy or copper and thus has high wettability, the tin-based second metal parts 20 are in well contact with the surface of the ASIC 50 and the surface of the sensor chip 40. Therefore, according to such an example embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to enhance the joint strength between the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40.
According to an example embodiment of the disclosure, one of the second metal parts 20 (e.g., the second metal pillar 20A) may be surrounded by the other second metal parts 20 (e.g., the second metal pillars 20B to 20G). This achieves a homogeneous distribution of the second metal parts 20 and the alloy regions 30 surrounding the respective second metal parts 20 in the X-Y in-plane. Accordingly, it is possible to join the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40 even more firmly and maintain the joint even more securely.
According to an example embodiment of the disclosure, the joint structure 1 may have a part in which the tin content rate repeatedly varies along the X-Y in-plane direction. Accordingly, it is possible to firmly join the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40, for example, by melting, in the initial heating, the tin, which has a relatively low melting point, in the plurality of parts having a high tin content rate. Further, since the tin may be alloyed with the nickel-iron alloy (or copper) in the initial heating, it is possible to achieve the joint structure 1 resistant to remelting during the reheating, after the joint structure 1 is once cooled after the initial heating.
According to an example embodiment of the disclosure, the sensor chip 40 and the ASIC 50 may be electrically coupled through the joint structure 1. This eliminates a need for wire bonding that electrically couples the sensor chip 40 and the ASIC 50. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress or prevent troubles, such as short-circuiting between adjacent wiring lines and breaking due to disconnection between wiring lines. In turn, it is possible to enhance reliability of the electronic component module 2 or the electronic component unit 3.
The first metal layers 11 each include a nickel-iron alloy or copper, similarly to the first metal part 10 of the first embodiment of the disclosure. The second metal layers 21 are provided adjacent to the respective first metal layers 11 and include tin, similarly to the second metal parts 20 of the first embodiment of the disclosure. According to an example embodiment of the disclosure, the uppermost layer and the undermost layer of the joint structure 1A may be the tin-based second metal layers 21. To join target objects, such as the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40, to each other, the uppermost layer and the undermost layer are portions to be in contact with the respective target objects. Accordingly, the joint structure 1A having the uppermost layer and the undermost layer that are the second metal layers 21 having a lower melting point than the first metal layers 11 facilitates joining by heat-welding.
The joint structure 1A may further include an alloy region 31 at an interface between each of the first metal layers 11 and adjacent one of the second metal layers 21. The alloy regions 31 may include an alloy of the nickel-iron alloy included in the first metal layer 11 and the tin included in the second metal layer 21, or an alloy of the copper included in the first metal layer 11 and the tin included in the second metal layer 21. Optionally, the first metal layers 11 may further include a tin-nickel-iron alloy or a tin-copper alloy, and the second metal layers 21 may further include a tin-nickel-iron alloy or a tin-copper alloy. It should be noted that, even in such a case, each of the second metal layers 21 may have a tin content rate that is greater than the tin content rate of each of the first metal layers 11. The tin content rate of each of the first metal layers 11 may correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of a “first tin content rate” according to one embodiment of the disclosure. The tin content rate of each of the second metal layers 21 may correspond to a specific but non-limiting example of a “second tin content rate” according to one embodiment of the disclosure.
Similarly to the joint structure 1 illustrated in
The joint structure 1A may be manufactured by alternately laminating the second metal layers 21 and the first metal layers 11 on a substrate, such as the sensor chip 40 or the ASIC 50. The electronic component unit 3 including the joint structure 1A is manufactured by forming the joint structure 1A on the ASIC 50, for example, providing the sensor chip 40 so as to face the ASIC 50 across the joint structure 1A, and performing a heating process. During the heating process performed on the joint structure 1A, the tin included in the second metal layers 21 is diffused to the first metal layers 11 surrounding the second metal layers 21, forming the alloy regions 31.
According to an example embodiment of the disclosure described above, the joint structure 1A includes the first metal layers 11 and the second metal layers 21. The first metal layers 11 each include a nickel-iron alloy or copper. The second metal layers 21 are provided adjacent to corresponding one of the first metal layers 11 and include tin (Sn). Thus, after the heating process performed on such a joint structure 1A, the two or more alloy regions 31 may be formed that include an alloy of the constituent element of the first metal layers 11 and the constituent element of the second metal layer 21. This raises the melting point of the joint structure 1A, improves structural uniformity across the entire joint structure 1A, and reduces variations in quality of the joint structure 1A. Therefore, according to such an example embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to ensure superior quality of the joint structure 1A that has, for example, a high melting point owing to the formation of the alloy regions 31, and high resistance to deformation and remelting even after reheating in a subsequent process. Further, according to the method of manufacturing of the electronic component unit 3 of any example embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to produce the electronic component unit 3 having the superior quality.
According to an example embodiment of the disclosure, the first metal layers 11 may further include a tin-nickel-iron alloy or a tin-copper alloy, and the second metal layers 21 may further include a tin-nickel-iron alloy or a tin-copper alloy. This mitigates variations in quality across the entire joint structure 1A. Accordingly, it is possible to join the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40 more firmly by melting the joint structure 1A in the initial heating. It is also possible to maintain the joint between the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40 more securely, since the joint structure 1A is resistant to remelting during the reheating.
According to an example embodiment of the disclosure, the sensor chip 40 and the ASIC 50 may be electrically coupled through the joint structure 1A. This eliminates a need for wire bonding that electrically couples the sensor chip 40 and the ASIC 50. Accordingly, it is possible to suppress or prevent troubles, such as short-circuiting between adjacent wiring lines and breaking due to disconnection between wiring lines. In turn, it is possible to enhance reliability of the electronic component module 2 or the electronic component unit 3.
Additionally, the joint structure 1A has a simpler structure than the joint structure 1 according to the first embodiment of the disclosure described above, and thus is more readily manufactured than the joint structure 1.
Although the disclosure has been described with reference to the foregoing example embodiments, the disclosure is not limited thereto, but may be modified in a wide variety of ways.
For example, factors such as a shape, arrangement, and number of the components of the joint structures 1 and 1A exemplified in any example embodiment and modifications are illustrative and non-limiting. Any other shape, arrangement, and number of the components may be adopted besides those described above.
In the first embodiment of the disclosure, the tin-based second metal parts may be the plurality of pillars, and the first metal part 10 including the nickel-iron alloy or copper may be filled in the gaps between the second metal parts 20. It should be appreciated that the configuration of the joint structure 1 according to the first embodiment is not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. In an example modification of the disclosure, a plurality of first metal parts 10 each including the nickel-iron alloy or copper and each having a pillar shape may be provided and the tin-based second metal part 20 may be filled in gaps between the first metal parts 10. The melting point of the nickel-iron alloy (about 1450° C.) and the melting point of the copper (about 1083° C.) are higher than that of the tin (about 232° C.). Therefore, in this example modification, the tin filled in the gaps between the plurality of first metal parts 10 is melted by the heating process to join substrates of two electronic components. Accordingly, the example modification is advantageous in firmly joining the substrates of two electronic components.
It should also be appreciated that the method of manufacturing the joint structure according to the first embodiment is not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. According to an example modification of the disclosure, the joint structure may be manufactured through processes illustrated in
It should also be appreciated that the electronic component unit 3 illustrated in
According to any example embodiments of the disclosure, the joint structure may have a part in which the tin content rate repeatedly varies along one or both of the thickness direction and the in-plane direction. It should be appreciated that the example embodiment is not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. The wording “the tin content rate repeatedly varies” as used herein should not be limited to the example embodiment, illustrated in
The joint structure of the disclosure may also encompass a joint structure 1C illustrated in
In any example embodiments of the disclosure, the sensor included in the sensor chip may be the magneto-resistive element. It should be appreciated that the example embodiment is not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. In an example modification of the disclosure, a Hall element may be used that detect a magnetic field as a physical quantity. In another example modification of the disclosure, a sensor may be used that detects factors other than the magnetic field, such as heat, humid, distortion, or gas, as a physical quantity.
In any example embodiments of the disclosure, the substrates of the electronic components are exemplified as the ASIC 50 and the sensor chip 40. It should be appreciated that the example embodiment is not to be construed as limiting the disclosure. It should also be appreciated that the joint structure may be used to joint any components other than the substrate of electronic components.
The foregoing embodiments and modifications may be applied in any combination.
It should be appreciated that the effects described herein are mere examples. Effects of an example embodiment of the disclosure are not limited to those described herein. The disclosure may further include any effect other than those described herein.
It is possible to achieve at least the following configurations from the above-described example embodiments and modifications of the disclosure.
In the joint structure, the electronic component module, and the electronic component unit according to any example embodiment of the disclosure, the one or more first metal parts include a nickel-iron alloy or copper, and the one or more second metal parts include tin. The first metal part(s) and the second metal part(s) may be provided adjacent to each other at two or more portions. Accordingly, the two or more alloy regions each including an alloy of the constituent element in the first metal part and the constituent element in the second metal part may be formed after the heating process. This raises the melting point of the joint structure, improves structural uniformity across the entire joint structure, and reduces variations in quality of the joint structure.
In the method of manufacturing the electronic component unit according to any example embodiment of the disclosure, the one or more first metal parts include a nickel-iron alloy or copper, and the one or more second metal parts include tin. The first metal part(s) and the second metal part(s) may be provided adjacent to each other at two or more portions. Accordingly, the two or more alloy regions each including an alloy of the constituent element in the first metal part and the constituent element in the second metal part may be formed after the heating process. This raises the melting point of the joint structure, improves structural uniformity across the entire joint structure, and reduces variations in quality of the joint structure.
According to any embodiment of the disclosure, it is possible to ensure the superior quality of the joint structure, the electronic component module, and the electronic component unit. Further, it is possible to produce the electric component unit having the superior quality by the method of manufacturing the electronic component unit according to any example embodiment of the disclosure.
Although the disclosure has been described in terms of example embodiments, it is not limited thereto. It should be appreciated that variations may be made in the described embodiments by persons skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the disclosure as defined by the following claims. The limitations in the claims are to be interpreted broadly based on the language employed in the claims and not limited to examples described in this specification or during the prosecution of the application, and the examples are to be construed as non-exclusive. For example, in this disclosure, the use of the terms first, second, etc. do not denote any order or importance, but rather the terms first, second, etc. are used to distinguish one element from another. Moreover, no element or component in this disclosure is intended to be dedicated to the public regardless of whether the element or component is explicitly recited in the following claims.
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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2017-206175 | Oct 2017 | JP | national |