Patent Grant
9209162
The present invention relates, in general, to a light emitting device (LED), and more particularly, to an LED, which comprises RGB (Red, Green, Blue) light emitting diodes and a wavelength-conversion means so as to exhibit a high color temperature and a high color rendering index, and thus, is suitable for use in apparatuses, such as home appliances, audio systems and communication products, and in various exterior and interior displays, automobiles and lighting fixtures.
Recently, an LED which emits white light has been fabricated to include a Ga(In)N light emitting diode which emits blue light at about 460 nm and a YAG:Ce3+ phosphor which emits yellow light (BY emission method, U.S. Pat. No. 5,998,925 and EP 862794). However, the LED for use in emission of white light is limitedly used, since it has a low color temperature of about 6,000 to 8,000 K and a low color rendering index of about 60-70 due to the absence of a predetermined color component (e.g., red).
Alternatively, white color is realized by mixing three red, green and blue colors (RGB emission method), which is disclosed in detail in WO 98/39805.
However, since the RGB light emitting diodes have different constitutive materials or properties to one another, their luminous intensities vary. Accordingly, it is impossible to actually reproduce all colors in a visible light wavelength range using the RGB emission method.
That is, red light, green light and blue light are sequentially shortened in wavelengths, and thus, the light emitting diodes have low luminous intensities due to the short wavelengths. As such, the red and green light emitting diodes have relatively higher luminous intensities than the blue light emitting diode. In recent years, the difference in relative luminous intensities of the light emitting diodes has further increased due to the techniques for fabricating LEDs. Consequently, white light for use in desired purposes, for example, lighting fixtures or automobiles, cannot be realized even by the RGB emission method using three RGB light emitting diodes having different wavelengths.
Therefore, the present invention has been made keeping in mind the above problems occurring in the related art, and an object of the present invention is to provide an LED having a wavelength-conversion means, which is advantageous in that because it has a high color temperature of about 2,000 to 8,000 K or 10,000 K and a high color rendering index of 90 or more, it can be used in apparatuses such as home appliances, audio systems and communication products, and in various exterior and interior displays, automobiles and lighting fixtures.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an LED, which comprises light emitting diodes having narrow emission wavelength ranges and a phosphor so that yellow-green light or orange light having relatively wide emission wavelength ranges is emitted, thus realizing various colors in a visible light wavelength range and high color rendering ability.
In order to achieve the above objects, the present invention provides an LED comprising at least three light emitting diodes having different peak emission wavelengths to primarily emit light in a blue, green or red wavelength range; and a wavelength-conversion means to convert the primary light into secondary light in a visible light wavelength range.
Preferably, the LED further comprises at least one light emitting diode to emit light in a blue and/or blue-green wavelength range.
In the LED, the at least three light emitting diodes comprise a first light emitting diode having a peak emission wavelength between 440 and 500 nm; a second light emitting diode having a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm; and a third light emitting diode having a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 670 nm. In addition, a fourth light emitting diode having a peak emission wavelength between 410 and 460 nm is further included.
As such, the wavelength-conversion means comprises a single phosphor or a mixture of phosphors. For example, the wavelength-conversion means includes any one selected from among a first phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 450 and 520 nm, a second phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm, a third phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 680 nm, and mixtures thereof. Also, each phosphor consists of one or more phosphor components in the corresponding wavelength range.
In the LED, it is preferable that the light emitting diodes and the wavelength-conversion means be mounted in a single package. As such, the wavelength-conversion means is placed on at least one of an upper surface, a lower surface, and a side surface of the light emitting diode, or is mixed with a conductive adhesive or distributed in a molded part.
In the LED according to first and second embodiments, the single package is formed into a chip package, which comprises a substrate, one or more light emitting diodes mounted on the substrate, and a wavelength-conversion means placed around the light emitting diodes.
In the LED according to third and fourth embodiments, the single package is formed into a top package, which comprises a substrate having a reflector formed thereon, one or more light emitting diodes mounted on the substrate, and a wavelength-conversion means placed around the light emitting diodes.
In the LED according to the first to fourth embodiments, the substrate is formed of metal to emit heat generated by the one or more light emitting diodes. Also, when the LED further comprises a radiation sheet mounted on the substrate formed of metal, its heat emission efficiency is further increased.
In the LED according to the first to fourth embodiments, the LED further comprises a molded part to enclose the light emitting diodes and the wavelength-conversion means on the substrate, in which the wavelength-conversion means may be uniformly distributed in the molded part.
In the LED according to a fifth embodiment, the single package is formed into a lamp package, which comprises a pair of lead electrodes, one or more light emitting diodes mounted on one of the pair of lead electrodes, a wavelength-conversion means placed around the light emitting diodes, and a molded part to enclose the light emitting diodes and the wavelength-conversion means.
In the LED according to sixth and seventh embodiments, the single package is formed into a high output package, which comprises one or more light emitting diodes, a wavelength-conversion means placed around the light emitting diodes, and a heat sink to emit heat generated by the one or more light emitting diodes. As such, when the radiation sheet is further attached on the heat sink, heat is effectively emitted.
Used in the present invention, the light emitting diodes each include a substrate formed of silicon carbide or sapphire and a nitride epitaxial layer formed on the substrate.
The above and other objects, features and other advantages of the present invention will be more clearly understood from the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
Hereinafter, a detailed description will be given of preferred embodiments of the present invention, with reference to the appended drawings.
A wavelength-conversion means 3 is placed on upper surfaces and side surfaces of the three light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8. The wavelength-conversion means 3 functions to convert light generated by the light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 into secondary light in the visible light wavelength range. The wavelength-conversion means 3 mixed with a thermosetting resin, for example, an epoxy resin or a silicone resin may be dotted on the light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8.
In addition, the wavelength-conversion means 3 mixed with the conductive adhesive 9 may be placed on the lower surfaces of the light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8.
An upper portion of the substrate 1 having the three light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 mounted thereon is molded using the thermosetting resin to form a molded part 10. In the LED 11 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, the wavelength-conversion means 3 is uniformly dotted on the upper surfaces and side surfaces of the light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 at a predetermined thickness. Alternatively, the wavelength-conversion means 3 may be uniformly distributed throughout the molded part 10, which is disclosed in U.S. Pat. No. 6,482,664 filed by the present inventors.
Of the three light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8, a first light emitting diode 6 has a peak emission wavelength between 440 and 500 nm, a second light emitting diode 7 has a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm, and a third light emitting diode 8 has a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 670 nm. The first light emitting diode 6 emits light in the purple blue to blue wavelength range, and the second light emitting diode 7 emits light in the green to yellow green wavelength range. Also, the third light emitting diode 8 emits light in the greenish yellow to red wavelength range. The first, second and third light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 each include a substrate made of silicon carbide or sapphire and a nitride epitaxial layer formed on the substrate.
The wavelength-conversion means 3 includes a single phosphor or a mixture of different phosphors. That is, the wavelength-conversion means 3 includes at least one phosphor selected from among a first phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 450 and 520 nm, a second phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm, and a third phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 680 nm, in which the first phosphor emits blue light, the second phosphor emits green to yellow light, and the third phosphor emits yellow to red light. In addition, each phosphor may consist of one or more phosphor components having different peak emission wavelengths in the corresponding wavelength range.
The phosphor of the wavelength-conversion means 3 is composed of silicates represented by a general formula of (Ba,Sr,Ca)xSiO4:Eu and/or Mn. As such, the mixing ratio of Ba, Sr and Ca, the mixing ratio of (Ba,Sr,Ca)xSiO4:Eu and (Ba,Sr,Ca)xSiO4:Mn, and the mixing ratio of Ba, Sr, Ca, Mn and Eu are appropriately controlled to obtain the first phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 450 and 520 nm, the second phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm, or the third phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 680 nm. In this way, the phosphors are mixed with each other at an appropriate ratio to constitute the wavelength-conversion means 3.
In the LED 11 according to the first embodiment, the first light emitting diode 6, the second light emitting diode 7 and the third light emitting diode 8 are supplied with external power by means of the electrode pattern 5. Thereby, light having a peak emission wavelength between 450 and 520 nm and light having a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm are primarily generated by the first light emitting diode 6 and the second light emitting diode 7, respectively. In addition, light having a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 680 nm is primarily generated by the third light emitting diode 8. Subsequently, while the phosphors are excited by light generated by the light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8, secondary light having peak emission wavelengths between 450 and 520 nm, between 500 and 570 nm, and/or between 570 and 680 nm is produced.
Hence, in the LED 11, the primary light generated by the first, second and third light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 is combined with the secondary light converted into predetermined wavelengths by the phosphors to realize the color of the corresponding visible light wavelength range. Further, the desired color is realized by appropriately controlling the mixing ratios of the phosphors.
For example, in the case where the first phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 450 and 520 nm and the second phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm are used, secondary light ranging from 570 to 680 nm is not generated. Hence, the primary light emitted by the two light emitting diodes is combined with the secondary light converted into predetermined wavelengths by the phosphors, thus realizing another color in the visible light wavelength range. In addition to the mixing ratios of the phosphors, the light emitting diodes having desired peak emission wavelengths in the corresponding wavelength ranges may be appropriately selected to achieve the desired emission on the color coordinate system.
Therefore, when the three RGB light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8, having different wavelengths, are used along with a wavelength-conversion means emitting orange light, the LED having the emission spectrum shown in
For example, when the RB light emitting diodes are used together with the three kinds of phosphors having wavelengths corresponding to orange, first green and second green light, the LED has the emission spectrum shown in
In addition, the light emitting diodes and the phosphors constituting the wavelength-conversion means may be appropriately selected. For example,
The LED according to the second embodiment of the present invention has the same structure as in the first embodiment of
In the LED 20, when the first, second, third and fourth light emitting diodes 6, 7, 8 and 21 are supplied with external power by means of the electrode pattern 5, they primarily produce light at the corresponding peak emission wavelengths. Subsequently, primary light is partially converted into secondary light, having peak emission wavelengths between 450 and 520 nm, between 500 and 570 nm, and between 570 and 680 nm, by the excited phosphors. In this case, the primary light emitted by the light emitting diodes 6, 7, 8 and 21 is combined with the secondary light converted into predetermined wavelengths by the phosphors to emit light in the visible light wavelength range.
As such, each phosphor may consist of one or more phosphor components having different peak emission wavelengths in the corresponding wavelength range. In addition, the mixing ratios of the phosphors are appropriately controlled, and thus, the emission wavelength may be shifted into a desired emission wavelength on the color coordinate system.
In the LED 20 according to the second embodiment, the same objects and effects as in the first embodiment of
The technical characteristics of the present invention, concerning
Hereinafter, the embodiments wherein the present techniques are applied to various LED packages are described, with reference to the appended drawings, in which the same reference numerals are used throughout the different drawings to designate the same components and structures as in
The top package 30 includes three light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 or four light emitting diodes 6, 7, 8 and 21, each of which has different peak emission wavelengths. Further, the top package 30 may be provided with the wavelength-conversion means 3, including a plurality of phosphors having different emission wavelengths, which are mixed with each other at one of various ratios. Such a wavelength-conversion means 3 may be dotted on the light emitting diode 6 in the reflector 31 or uniformly distributed in the thermosetting resin molded part 10.
In the embodiments shown in
The inner wall of the cup-shaped holder 53 is coated with an epoxy resin 54 mixed with a predetermined amount of wavelength-conversion means 3. The wavelength-conversion means 3 includes a plurality of phosphors having different peak emission wavelengths, which are mixed with each other at an appropriate ratio, as in the above embodiments.
Further, each phosphor may consist of one or more phosphor components having predetermined peak emission wavelengths in the corresponding wavelength range.
The outer portion of the diode holder 53 including the light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 or 6, 7, 8 and 21 and the wavelength-conversion means 3 is molded with the thermosetting resin, for example, epoxy or silicone.
In the high output package 60 or 70 according to the sixth and seventh embodiments of the present invention, the wavelength-conversion means 3 is placed at an adhesion portion between the heat sinks 61 and 62 or 71 and the light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 or 6, 7, 8 and 21. A lens may be mounted on the housing 63 or 73. The package 70 according to the seventh embodiment is advantageous because its height can be minimized, compared to the package 60 according to the sixth embodiment.
In the case where the three light emitting diodes 6, 7 and 8 are included in the high output package 60 or 70, the first light emitting diode having a peak emission wavelength between 440 and 500 nm, the second light emitting diode having a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm and the third light emitting diode having a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 670 nm may be used.
In the case where the four light emitting diodes 6, 7, 8 and 21 are included, the first light emitting diode has a peak emission wavelength between 440 and 500 nm, the second light emitting diode has a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm, the third light emitting diode has a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 670 nm, and the fourth light emitting diode has a peak emission wavelength between 410 and 460 nm.
In the cases of using three or four light emitting diodes, the wavelength-conversion means 3 includes a first phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 450 and 520 nm, a second phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 500 and 570 nm, and a third phosphor having a peak emission wavelength between 570 and 680 nm, which are mixed with each other at an appropriate ratio.
In the high output package 60 or 70, it is preferable that the radiation sheet (not shown) be separately or integrally mounted on the heat sinks 61 and 62 or 71. Then, when each light emitting diode is operated by high input power, heat generated by each light emitting diode can be effectively emitted. The radiation sheet may be cooled by means of passive air circulation or forcible circulation using a fan.
In the high output package 60 or 70, when external power is supplied, each light emitting diode primarily emits light at the corresponding peak wavelengths. Then, while the phosphors are excited by primary light, they produce secondary light at the corresponding peak emission wavelengths. At this time, the primary light generated by each light emitting diode is combined with the secondary light converted into predetermined wavelengths by the phosphors to realize the color of the corresponding visible light wavelength range. Further, when the mixing ratios of the phosphors are appropriately controlled, the desired color on the color coordinate system can be easily realized.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been disclosed for illustrative purposes using three or four light emitting diodes, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications, additions and substitutions are possible by using at least one light emitting diode, without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as disclosed in the accompanying claims.
As described hereinbefore, the present invention provides an LED having a relatively high color temperature of 2,000 to 8,000 K or 10,000 K and a high color rendering index of 90 or more, by appropriately controlling the mixing ratios of the phosphors having different peak emission wavelengths or selectively using the light emitting diodes having different peak emission wavelengths. Further, the light emitting diode having a narrow emission wavelength range is used along with the phosphor, and thus, yellow-green light or orange light having a relatively wide emission wavelength range can be emitted. Thereby, various colors in the visible light wavelength range and excellent color rendering properties are manifested.
Since the LED of the present invention having high color temperature and excellent color rendering properties functions to easily realize the desired emission on the color coordinate system, it can be variously applied to mobile phones, notebook computers, and keypads or backlight units for various electronic products. In particular, the LED can be used for automobiles and exterior and interior lighting fixtures.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-2004-0034001 | May 2004 | KR | national |
| Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| PCT/KR2005/001288 | 5/3/2005 | WO | 00 | 6/22/2007 |
| Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| WO2005/112137 | 11/24/2005 | WO | A |
| Number | Name | Date | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 2617773 | Nagy et al. | Nov 1952 | A |
| 2719128 | Kressin | Sep 1955 | A |
| 2780600 | Wollentin | Feb 1957 | A |
| 3143510 | Bakker | Aug 1964 | A |
| 3644212 | McAllister et al. | Feb 1972 | A |
| 3893939 | DeKalb et al. | Jul 1975 | A |
| 3905911 | Kelsey et al. | Sep 1975 | A |
| 4215289 | De Hair et al. | Jul 1980 | A |
| 4770950 | Ohnishi | Sep 1988 | A |
| 4972086 | Bryan et al. | Nov 1990 | A |
| 5032316 | Takahashi et al. | Jul 1991 | A |
| 5472636 | Forster et al. | Dec 1995 | A |
| 5518808 | Bruno et al. | May 1996 | A |
| 5770110 | Schrell et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5770111 | Moriyama et al. | Jun 1998 | A |
| 5952681 | Chen | Sep 1999 | A |
| 5965192 | Potter | Oct 1999 | A |
| 5998925 | Shimizu et al. | Dec 1999 | A |
| 6045722 | Leblans et al. | Apr 2000 | A |
| 6066861 | Hohn et al. | May 2000 | A |
| 6373184 | Suh et al. | Apr 2002 | B1 |
| 6472765 | Sano et al. | Oct 2002 | B1 |
| 6482664 | Lee et al. | Nov 2002 | B1 |
| 6565771 | Ono et al. | May 2003 | B1 |
| 6670751 | Song et al. | Dec 2003 | B2 |
| 6686691 | Mueller | Feb 2004 | B1 |
| 6842664 | Harada et al. | Jan 2005 | B2 |
| 6982045 | Menkara et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 6982048 | Atwater | Jan 2006 | B1 |
| 6987353 | Menkara et al. | Jan 2006 | B2 |
| 7019335 | Suenaga | Mar 2006 | B2 |
| 7029602 | Oshio | Apr 2006 | B2 |
| 7045078 | Choi | May 2006 | B2 |
| 7189340 | Shimomura et al. | Mar 2007 | B2 |
| 7229571 | Ezuhara et al. | Jun 2007 | B2 |
| 7468147 | Shida et al. | Dec 2008 | B2 |
| 20020015013 | Ragle | Feb 2002 | A1 |
| 20030038295 | Koda | Feb 2003 | A1 |
| 20030168636 | Dobson et al. | Sep 2003 | A1 |
| 20040051111 | Ota et al. | Mar 2004 | A1 |
| 20040104391 | Maeda et al. | Jun 2004 | A1 |
| 20040206970 | Martin | Oct 2004 | A1 |
| 20040251809 | Shimomura et al. | Dec 2004 | A1 |
| 20050001537 | West et al. | Jan 2005 | A1 |
| 20050029927 | Setlur et al. | Feb 2005 | A1 |
| 20050117334 | Lee et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050139846 | Park et al. | Jun 2005 | A1 |
| 20050239227 | Aanegola et al. | Oct 2005 | A1 |
| 20050274930 | Roth et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20050274972 | Roth et al. | Dec 2005 | A1 |
| 20060076883 | Himaki et al. | Apr 2006 | A1 |
| 20060261309 | Li et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060261350 | Kawazoe et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20060267042 | Izuno et al. | Nov 2006 | A1 |
| 20070029526 | Cheng et al. | Feb 2007 | A1 |
| 20080067472 | Roth et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080067920 | Roth et al. | Mar 2008 | A1 |
| 20080224163 | Roth et al. | Sep 2008 | A1 |
| 20090050849 | Lee et al. | Feb 2009 | A1 |
| 20090134413 | Roth et al. | May 2009 | A1 |
| 20090152496 | Roth et al. | Jun 2009 | A1 |
| 20090262515 | Lee et al. | Oct 2009 | A1 |
| 20090303694 | Roth et al. | Dec 2009 | A1 |
| 20100002454 | Lee et al. | Jan 2010 | A1 |
| 20100165645 | Lee et al. | Jul 2010 | A1 |
| Number | Date | Country |
|---|---|---|
| 410266 | Mar 2003 | AT |
| 1218084 | Jun 1999 | CN |
| 1289454 | Mar 2001 | CN |
| 1317537 | Oct 2001 | CN |
| 1344777 | Apr 2002 | CN |
| 1434521 | Aug 2003 | CN |
| 10233050 | Feb 2004 | DE |
| 10259946 | Jul 2004 | DE |
| 0382295 | Aug 1993 | EP |
| 0862794 | Sep 1998 | EP |
| 1249873 | Oct 2002 | EP |
| 1605030 | Dec 2005 | EP |
| 1336053 | Nov 1973 | GB |
| 2016034 | Sep 1979 | GB |
| 31-1118 | Feb 1956 | JP |
| 33-8177 | Sep 1958 | JP |
| 38-6082 | May 1963 | JP |
| 39-8803 | May 1964 | JP |
| 47-6258 | Apr 1972 | JP |
| 49-38994 | Oct 1974 | JP |
| 55-135190 | Oct 1980 | JP |
| 61-258892 | Nov 1986 | JP |
| 62-197487 | Sep 1987 | JP |
| 5-78659 | Mar 1993 | JP |
| 9-40946 | Feb 1997 | JP |
| 9-153644 | Jun 1997 | JP |
| 11-177143 | Jul 1999 | JP |
| 2001-115157 | Apr 2001 | JP |
| 2001-308393 | Nov 2001 | JP |
| 2002-094122 | Mar 2002 | JP |
| 2002-97466 | Apr 2002 | JP |
| 2002-531956 | Sep 2002 | JP |
| 2002-335019 | Nov 2002 | JP |
| 2002-359403 | Dec 2002 | JP |
| 2002-368277 | Dec 2002 | JP |
| 2002359403 | Dec 2002 | JP |
| 2003-064358 | Mar 2003 | JP |
| 2003-133595 | May 2003 | JP |
| 2003-152229 | May 2003 | JP |
| 2003-224306 | Aug 2003 | JP |
| 2003-321675 | Nov 2003 | JP |
| 2004-006582 | Jan 2004 | JP |
| 2004-71726 | Mar 2004 | JP |
| 2004-127988 | Apr 2004 | JP |
| 2004-192833 | Jul 2004 | JP |
| 2005-167177 | Jun 2005 | JP |
| 10-232395 | Dec 1999 | KR |
| 1020010032450 | Apr 2001 | KR |
| 10-2001-0050839 | Jun 2001 | KR |
| 1020010101910 | Nov 2001 | KR |
| 10-2002-0000835 | Jan 2002 | KR |
| 10-2002-0053975 | Jul 2002 | KR |
| 10-392363 | Jul 2002 | KR |
| 10-2002-0079513 | Oct 2002 | KR |
| 2003-0063211 | Jul 2003 | KR |
| 10-2003-0082395 | Oct 2003 | KR |
| 10-0426034 | Jul 2004 | KR |
| 10-2004-0088418 | Oct 2004 | KR |
| 10-2005-0008426 | Jan 2005 | KR |
| 10-2005-0070349 | Jul 2005 | KR |
| 10-2005-0098462 | Oct 2005 | KR |
| 10-2005-0106945 | Nov 2005 | KR |
| 10-2005-0117164 | Dec 2005 | KR |
| 10-2005-0117165 | Dec 2005 | KR |
| 10-0626272 | Sep 2006 | KR |
| 10-2006-0134728 | Dec 2006 | KR |
| 10-2008-0046789 | May 2008 | KR |
| 96-32457 | Oct 1996 | WO |
| 98-05078 | Feb 1998 | WO |
| 98-12757 | Mar 1998 | WO |
| WO 9839805 | Sep 1998 | WO |
| 98-42798 | Oct 1998 | WO |
| WO 0019546 | Apr 2000 | WO |
| WO 0141215 | Jun 2001 | WO |
| 02-054502 | Jul 2002 | WO |
| 02-054503 | Jul 2002 | WO |
| 02-089219 | Nov 2002 | WO |
| WO 03021691 | Mar 2003 | WO |
| 2004-085570 | Oct 2004 | WO |
| 2004-111156 | Dec 2004 | WO |
| 2005-109532 | Nov 2005 | WO |
| 2006-043682 | Apr 2006 | WO |
| 2006-068359 | Jun 2006 | WO |
| 2006-081803 | Aug 2006 | WO |
| 2007-035026 | Mar 2007 | WO |
| 2007-055538 | May 2007 | WO |
| 2007-069869 | Jun 2007 | WO |
| 2007-114614 | Nov 2007 | WO |
| 2009-028818 | Mar 2009 | WO |
| Entry |
|---|
| Chinese Office Action corresponding to Patent Application No. 2005800150173 dated Dec. 28, 2007. |
| English language abstract of Japanese Publication No. 2002-359403. |
| Lee, Chung-Hoon, et al., Unpublished U.S. Appl. No. 12/440,001; corresponds to WO2009-028818. |
| Chen, R., “Developments in Luminescence and Display Materials Over the Last 100 Years as reflected in Electrochemical Society Publications”, Journal of Electrochemical Society, 149, pp. 69-78. |
| G.L. Miessler, D.A. Tarr, “Inorganic Chemistry”, 3rd ed., Pearson/ Prentice Hall, pp. 117-118. |
| Shionoya, “Phosphor Handbook”, CRC Press, pp. 183-184. |
| Garcia Sole, et al., “An Introduction to the Optical Spectroscopy of Inorganic Solids”, pp. 132-133. |
| Lee, Chung-Hoon, et al., Unpublished U.S. Appl. No. 12/491,780. |
| Wanmaker, “Luminescence of Copper-Activated Orthophosphates of the Type ABPO (A=Ca,Sr or Ba and B=Li,Na or K)”, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, pp. 109-113. |
| First Office Action of the State Intellectual Property Office of the PRC corresponding to Chinese Patent Application No. 200510002304.2 dated Feb. 15, 2008 (corresponds to U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722). |
| Non Final Office Action dated Jun. 16, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 12/097,741. |
| Non-Final Office Action dated Aug. 10, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722. |
| Final Office Action dated Nov. 12, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 12/097,741. |
| TW Office Action of Sep. 10, 2010 in TW Patent Appl. No. 098123458. |
| EP Search Report dated Oct 6, 2010 in EP Appl No. 07745750.5—corresponding to U.S. Appl. No. 12/295,438. |
| EP Search Report dated Sept 1, 2010 in EP Appl No. 08015119 correpsonding to U.S. Appl. No. 12/440,001. |
| Non Final Office Action dated Aug. 17, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/948,845. |
| Non Final Office Action dated Nov. 30, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 12/196,923. |
| Final Office Action dated Nov. 30, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722. |
| Non Final Office Action dated Nov. 24, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 12/093,441. |
| Non Final Office Action dated Nov. 26, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 12/440,001. |
| Notice of Allowance dated Aug. 18, 2010 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 12/098,263. |
| IP Australia Office Action dated Jul. 2, 2010 for AU Patent Appl. No. 2005-319965, corresponding to U.S. Appl. No. 12/098,263. |
| Non Final Office Action dated Mar. 17, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722. |
| Final Office Action dated May 11, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 12/098,263. |
| Final Office Action dated Dec. 8, 2010 in U.S. Appl. No. 11/948,813. |
| International Search Report for PCT/KR2010/003302 issued on Jan. 3, 2011, corresponding to U.S. Appl. No. 12/767,253. |
| EP Search Report for EP 05 74 0759 was issued on Jul. 26, 2011. |
| EP Search Report for EP 05 74 0758 was issued on Jul. 26, 2011. |
| International Search Report dated Feb. 11, 2009 for PCT Application No. PCT/2008/004733. |
| Butler, “Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors”, The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1980, pp. 281-284. |
| Wanmaker, “Luminescence of Copper-Activated Orthophosphates of the Type ABPO (a=Ca,Sr or Ba and B=Li,Na or K)”, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Feb. 1962, pp. 109-113. |
| Shionoya, “Phosphor Handbook”, edited under the auspiece of Phosphor Research Society, CRC Press, 1999, pp. 238-239, 241. |
| Van Gool, Philips Res. Rept. Suppl., 3, 1, 1961(pp. 1-9, 30-51, 84-85). |
| Wanmaker, “Luminescence of Copper-Activated Calcium and Strontium Orthophosphates”, Journal of the Electrochemical Society, Dec. 1959, pp. 1027-1031. |
| Shionoya, “Phosphor Handbook”, edited under the auspiece of Phosphor Research Society, CRC Press, 1999, pp. 204-205. |
| Blasse, “Radiationless Processes in Luminescent Materials”, Radiationless Processes, 1980, pp. 287-289, 293. |
| Butler, “Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors”, The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1980, pp. 181-182. |
| Butler, “Fluorescent Lamp Phosphors”, The Pennsylvania State University Press, 1980, pp. 175-176. |
| Bernhardt, Investigations of the Orange Luminescence of PbMoO4 Crystals, Phys. Stat.Sol.(a),91,643,1985, pp. 643-647. |
| Shionoya, S., et al.(Eds.), “Principal phosphor materials and their optical properties” in Phosphor Handbook, CRC Press, 1999, p. 826. |
| Ralchenko, Yu., Kramida, A.E., Reader, J. and NIST ASD Team (2008). NIST Atomic Spectra Database (version 3.1.5), [Online]. Available: http://physics.nist.gov/asd3 [Feb. 27, 2009]. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD. |
| Yang, “Conversion Fluorescence in Er3+Yb3+Co-Doped Oxy-Fluoride Compound Materials Based on GeO2,” Natural Science Journal of Xiangtan University, vol. 23, No. 2, 2001, pp. 37-41. |
| International Search Report dated Feb. 27, 2009 for PCT Application No. PCT/KR2008/004734. |
| X.W.Sun, et al. “Pulsed Laser Deposition of Silicate Phosphor Thin Films”, Appl. Phys. A, 69, 1999, 5 pages. |
| W.L. Wanmaker, et al. “Luminescence of Phosphors Based on the Host Lattice ABGe2O6(A,B=Ca,Sr,Ba)” Journal of Solid State Chemistry 3, (1971),pp. 194-196. |
| N. S. Akhmetov, “Inorganic Chemistry”, Moscow “Vysshaya Shkola”, 1975; (partial translation; translated pp. 332-3, 372-3, 384-5, 427, 432, 436, 445, 471, 476, 486, 491, 496-7, 501, 546-9). |
| Markovsky L, Ya. Et al., Phosphors (Moscow-Leningrad, KHIMIYA Publishers, 1966, p. 7 (partial translation). |
| Joung Kyu Park, et al., “Silicate Phosphors for White LEDs Identified Through Combinatorial Chemistry”, Electrochemical and Solid-State Letters, vol. 10(2), pp. J15-J18, (2007), XP-00251106706-11-12). |
| Joung Kyu Park, et al., “Luminescence Characteristics of Yellow Emitting Ba3SiO5:EU2+ Phosphor”, Journal of Materials Science 40 (2005), pp. 2069-2071, XP-002511068. |
| H.G. Kang, et al. Embodiment and Luminescence Properties of Sr3SiO5:Eu(yellow-orange phosphor) by co-doping lanthanide, Solid State Phenomena, vol. 124-126 (2007) pp. 511-514. |
| G. Roth, et al. “Advanced Silicate Phosphors for improved white LED”, Global Phosphor Summit Seoul/Korea, Mar. 5-7, 2007. |
| T.L. Barry, “Equilibria and Eu2+ luminescence of subsolidus phases bounded by Ba3MgSi2O8, Sr3MgSi2O8 and Ca3MgSi2O8,” J. Electrochem. Soc., vol. 115 No. 7 (Jul. 1968), pp. 733-738. |
| G. Blasse, et al., “Fluorescence of Europium2+-activated silicates,” Philips Res. Repts 23 (1968), pp. 189-199. |
| S.D. Jee, et al., “Photoluminescence properties of Eu2+ -activated Sr3SiO5 Phosphors,” J. Mater Sci. 41 (2006), pp. 3139-3141. |
| T.L. Barry, “Fluorescence of Eu2+ Activated Phases in Binary Alkaline Earth Orthosilicate Systems”, J. Electrochem Soc., Nov. 1968, pp. 1181-1184. |
| Shenstone, A.G., “The Third Spectrum of Copper(Cu III)”, Journal of Research of the National Bureau of Standards-A. Physics and Chemistry, vol. 79A, No. 3, May-Jun. 1975, pp. 497-521. |
| Lever, A.B.P., “Inorganic Electronic Spectroscopy”, 2nd ed., Elsevier, 1984, pp. 355 and 557-559. |
| Dubicki, Lujcan et al., “The First d-d Fluorescence of a six-Coordinate Copper(II) Ion”, J.Am.Chem.Soc., 1989, No. 111, pp. 3452-3454. |
| Scacco, A., et al., “Optical Spectra of Cu2+ Ions in LiF Crystals”, Radiation Effects and Defects in Solids, vol. 134, 1995, pp. 333-336. |
| Shionoya, S., et al.(Eds.), “Principal phosphor materials and their optical properties” in Phosphor Handbook, CRC Press, 1999, pp. 231-255. |
| Yang, Ping et al., “Photoluminescence of Cu+ doped and Cu2+ doped ZnS nanocrystrallites”, Journal of Physics and Chemistry of Solids, No. 63, 2002, pp. 639-643. |
| Suyver, J.F., et al.,“Luminescence of nanocrystalline ZnSe:Cu”, Applied Physics Letters, vol. 79, No. 25, Dec. 17, 2001, pp. 4222-4224. |
| Bol, Ageeth A., et al., “Luminescence of nanocrystalline ZnS:Cu2+”, Journal of Luminescence, No. 99, 2002, pp. 325-334. |
| Non-final office action mailed May 23, 2007 for U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| Declaration under 37 CFR 1.132 by Ulrich Kynast, dated Aug. 24, 2007. |
| Final office action dated Oct. 22, 2007 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| “Phosphors for Mercury Lamps” https:/www.lamptech.co.uk/documents/M14%20Phosphors.htm 2003 (2 pages). |
| Search Report dated Apr. 11, 2006 for EP Application No. EP04106880.0. |
| International Search Report dated Aug. 12, 2005 for PCT Application No. PCT/KR2005/001287. |
| International Search Report dated Aug. 12, 2005 for PCT Application No. PCT/KR2005/001288. |
| International Search Report dated Oct. 13, 2005 for PCT Application No. PCT/KR2005/002333. |
| International Search Report dated Oct. 24, 2005 for PCT Application No. PCT/KR2005/002332. |
| International Search Report dated Feb. 20, 2007 for PCT Application No. PCT/KR2006/004716. |
| International Search Report dated Jul. 12, 2007 for PCT Application No. PCT/KR2007/001587. |
| International Search Report dated Mar. 21, 2007 for PCT Application No. PCT/KR2006/005500. |
| First Office Action of the State Intellectual Property Office of the PRC corresponding to Chinese Patent Application No. 200510002304.2 dated Feb. 15, 2008 (corresponds to U.S. Appl. U.S. No. 11/024,722). |
| First Office Action of the State Intellectual Property Office of the PRC corresponding to Chinese Patent Application No. 200580016844.4 dated Dec. 28, 2007 (corresponds to U.S. Appl. No. 11/568,769). |
| Non-final office action dated Nov. 17, 2009 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 12/097,741, filed Oct. 9, 2008. |
| Lee, Chung-Hoon, et al., Unpublished U.S. Appl. No. 12/440,001; corresponds to WO2009-028818. First Published on Aug. 19, 2010. |
| Search Report dated Aug. 21, 2007 for EP Application No. EP04106882.6. |
| Search Report dated Nov. 5, 2008 for EP Application No. EP06812549.1. |
| Search Report dated Feb. 2, 2009 for EP Application No. EP08014684. |
| Chen, R., “Developments in Luminescence and Display Materials Over the Last 100 Years as reflected in Electrochemical Society Publications”, Journal of Electrochemical Society, Aug. 6, 2002, 149, pp. 69-78. |
| G. Blasse, B.C. Grabmeier, “Luminescent Materials”, Springer, 1994, pp. 40-47. |
| G. Blasse and A. Bril, “Characteristic Luminescence”, Philips Technical Review, 31 (1970) 304, pp. 306 & 310. |
| S. Shionoya, W.M. Yen, “Phosphor Handbook” CRC Press, 1999, Ch. 3.3, pp. 179-182. |
| G. Blasse, B.C. Grabmeier, “Luminescent Materials”, Springer, 1994, p. 25. |
| J. Garcia Sole, L.E. Bausa, D. Jaque, “An Introduction to the Optical Spectroscopy of Inorganic Solids”, Wiley, 2005, pp. 163-164. |
| P.A. Cox, “Transition Metal Oxides”, Oxford University Press, 1995, p. 105. |
| G.L. Miessler, D.A. Tarr, “Inorganic Chemistry”, 2004, 3rd ed., Pearson/ Prentice Hall, pp. 117-118. |
| B. Cordero, et al. “Covalent Radii Revisited”, Dalton Trans., (2008), pp. 2832-2838. |
| G. Blasse, B.C. Grabmeier, “Luminescent Materials”, Springer, 1994, pp. 87-90. |
| Feldman, C., “Inorganic Luminescent Materials: 100 Years of Research and Application”, Adv. Funct. Matter, 2003, pp. 511-516. |
| Blasse, G., “Characteristic Luminescence”, Philips Technical Review, vol. 31 (1970), pp. 304-332. |
| Declaration Under Rule 37 CFR 1.132 of Ulrich Kynast dated Sep. 6, 2008. |
| Shionoya, “Phosphor Handbook”, 1999, CRC Press, pp. 183-184. |
| Garcia Sole, et al., “An Introduction to the Optical Spectroscopy of Inorganic Solids”, 2005, pp. 132-133. |
| R.J. Angel et al., “Structure and twinning of single-crystal MgSiO3 garnet synthesized at 17 GPa and 1800° C.”, American Mineralogist, 74 (1989) pp. 509-512. |
| Lee, Chung-Hoon, et al., Unpublished U.S. Appl. No. 12/491,780. First Published on Jul. 1, 2010. |
| Non-final office action dated Nov. 2, 2009 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 12/098,263, filed Apr. 4, 2008. |
| Non-final office action dated Nov. 14, 2008 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| Non-final office action dated May 29, 2009 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| Final office action dated Oct. 28, 2009 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| Non-final office action dated Nov. 29, 2006 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,722, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| Non-final office action dated Nov. 29, 2007 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,702, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| Non-final office action dated Jun. 22, 2006 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,702, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| Final office action dated Feb. 7, 2007 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,702, filed Dec. 30, 2004. |
| Notice of Allowance dated May 4, 2009 issued in U.S. Appl. No. 11/024,702. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20070284563 A1 | Dec 2007 | US |
