Embodiments described below relate to a semiconductor memory device and a manufacturing method thereof.
A semiconductor memory device, for example, a NAND type flash memory, includes, on an identical semiconductor substrate, a memory transistor configuring a memory cell array, and a peripheral transistor configuring a peripheral circuit for controlling the memory cell array.
In recent years, further speeding up of the semiconductor memory device is required, and improvement in performance of the peripheral transistor is being required also in the peripheral circuit. Moreover, it is also required that such a peripheral transistor is manufactured by a smaller number of manufacturing steps.
A semiconductor memory device according to an embodiment described below comprises a memory cell array including a memory transistor, and a peripheral circuit including a peripheral transistor. The peripheral transistor includes at least a first peripheral transistor and a second peripheral transistor. The first peripheral transistor and the second peripheral transistor each comprise: a first gate electrode formed on a gate insulating film; an inter-gate insulating film formed on a surface of the first gate electrode; a through-hole formed in the inter-gate insulating film; a connecting layer formed in the through-hole; and a second gate electrode formed on a surface of the inter-gate insulating film and connected to the first gate electrode via the connecting layer.
The first gate electrode of the first peripheral transistor is configured by only a semiconductor layer of a first conductivity type. The first gate electrode of the second peripheral transistor comprises a first semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type and a second semiconductor layer of a second conductivity type aligned with the first semiconductor layer of the first conductivity type along a gate length direction.
Next, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to embodiments will be described based on the drawings.
First, an example of configuration of a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to a first embodiment will be described with reference to
As shown in
As shown in
Control gates of the memory cells MC0 to MC63 in the NAND cell unit NU are connected to different word lines WL0 to WL63. Gates of the select transistors SG1 and SG2 are respectively connected to select gate lines SGD and SGS. A group of NAND cell units NU sharing one word line WL configure a block BLK which forms a unit of data erase. Although omitted from the drawings, a plurality of the blocks BLK are arranged in the bit line direction.
Each bit line BL is connected to the sense amplifier 112 shown in
As shown in
As shown in
Data transfer between an external input/output port I/O and the sense amplifier 112 is performed by the input/output buffer 115 and the data line 114. That is, page data read into the sense amplifier 112 is outputted to the data line 114 to be outputted to the input/output port I/O via the input/output buffer 115. Moreover, write data supplied from the input/output port I/O is loaded into the sense amplifier 112 via the input/output buffer 115.
Address data Add supplied from the input/output port I/O is supplied to the row decoder 113 and the column decoder 118 via the address register 117. Command data Com supplied from the input/output port I/O is decoded to be set in the control signal generating circuit 116.
External control signals, namely a chip enable signal /CE, an address latch enable signal ALE, a command latch enable signal CLE, a write enable signal /WE, and a read enable signal /RE are supplied to the control signal generating circuit 116, respectively. The control signal generating circuit 116 as performs operation control of overall memory operation based on the command Com and the external control signals. In addition, it controls the internal voltage generating circuit 119 to generate various kinds of internal voltages required for data read, write, and erase. Also, the control signal generating circuit 116 is applied with a reference voltage from the reference voltage generating circuit 120. The control signal generating circuit 116 starts writing from a selected memory cell MC on a source line SL side and controls a read operation.
In the memory cell MC, an n type source and drain diffusion layer 3 is formed in a p type well 2 formed on a semiconductor substrate not illustrated. A region of the p type well 2 sandwiched by two diffusion layers 3 functions as a channel region of a MOSFET configuring the memory cell MC.
Moreover, a floating gate (FG) 11 is formed on the p type well 2 via a gate insulating film 10. The floating gate 11 is configured capable of holding charges therein, and a threshold voltage of the memory cell MC is determined by an amount of that charge. A control gate (CG) 13 is formed on this floating gate 11 via an inter-gate insulating film 12. The control gate 13 has a structure which includes therein a first control gate layer 13A and a second control gate 13B sequentially stacked therein, the first control gate 13A being configured from polysilicon, and the second control gate layer 13B being configured from a metallic film such as tungsten (W) and tungsten nitride (WN), or a stacked structure of a plurality of kinds of metals.
The select transistors SG1 and SG2 comprise the p type well 2 formed on the semiconductor substrate not illustrated and the n type source and drain diffusion layer 3 formed in a surface of this p type well 2. Note that a source and drain using a fringe electric field may be employed instead of the diffusion layer 3.
Formed on the p type well 2 via the gate insulating film 10 are a gate electrode 11, an inter-gate insulating film 12, and a control gate 13 (first control gate layer 13A and second control gate layer 13B). This gate electrode 11 is formed from an identical material to that of the floating gate 11 of the memory cell MC, and may be formed simultaneously to the floating gate 11 of the memory cell MC by an identical deposition step. The inter-gate insulating film 12 also is configured from an identical material to that of the inter-gate insulating film 12 of the memory cell MC, and may be formed simultaneously to the inter-gate insulating film 12 of the memory cell MC by an identical deposition step. Similarly, the control gate 13 also is formed from an identical material to that of the control gate 13 of the memory cell MC, and may be formed simultaneously to the control gate 13 of the memory cell MC by an identical deposition step.
However, in the select transistors SG1 and SG2, a through-hole EI is formed in the inter-gate insulating film 12. Moreover, formed in this through-hole EI is a connecting layer 11B which is configured from a conductive material (for example, polysilicon) and electrically connects the gate electrode 11 and the control gate 13. As a result, the gate electrode 11 and the control gate 13 function as one gate electrode.
This nonvolatile semiconductor memory device also includes numerous transistors in various kinds of peripheral circuits formed in a periphery of the memory cell array 111. The transistor configuring the peripheral circuit (peripheral transistor) of the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device of the present embodiment is broadly divided into two kinds. One is a first transistor Tr1 of the kind shown in
Similarly to the select transistors SG1 and SG2, the first transistor Tr1 (single work function MOSFET) of
A through-hole EI is formed in the inter-gate insulating film 12. Moreover, formed in this through-hole EI is a connecting layer 11B which is configured from a conductive material (for example, polysilicon) and electrically connects the gate electrode 11 and the control gate 13. The connecting layer 11B functions to electrically connect the gate electrode 11 and the control gate 13, whereby the gate electrode 11 and the control gate 13 function as one gate electrode. This gate electrode 11 of the first transistor Tr1 is configured from only an n+ type semiconductor layer, hence the first transistor Tr1 is configured as a single work function MOSFET.
In addition, the second transistor Tr2 (dual work function MOSFET) of
A structure of the second transistor Tr2 shown as an example in
Moreover, a gate electrode 15 (second semiconductor layer) is formed on one side of the gate electrode 11 via a gate insulating film 14 (second gate insulating film). In the case that the gate electrode 11 is configured from an n+ type semiconductor, this gate electrode 15 is formed from a different conductivity type p+ type semiconductor. As will be described later, this gate electrode 15 (p+ type semiconductor layer) is short-circuited with the gate electrode 11 (n+ type semiconductor layer) via the control gate 13 and the connecting layer 11B, and configures a dual gate electrode along with the gate electrode 11. That is, a gate electrode configured from the gate electrode 11 (n+ type), the control gate 13, and the gate electrode (p+ type) has a structure in which a p+ type semiconductor and an n+ type semiconductor are arranged in parallel in a gate length direction on a gate insulating film, hence the second transistor Tr2 functions as a dual gate electrode. In addition, the gate insulating film 14 has its film thickness configured smaller than that of the gate insulating film 10. As a result, the second transistor Tr2 of
Note that in the example of
Moreover, a gate electrode 16 configured from an n+ type semiconductor is formed on a side opposite to the side where the gate electrode 15 of the gate electrode 11 is formed, via a gate insulating film 14 in a similar way. This gate electrode 16 configured from an n+ type semiconductor similarly configures an n+ type gate electrode of a dual gate electrode along with the gate electrode 11 configured from an n+ type semiconductor.
In this way, in the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device of the first embodiment, the first transistor Tr1 acting as a single work function MOSFET shown in
Moreover, in the nonvolatile semiconductor memory device of the first embodiment, by adopting manufacturing steps of the kind that will next be described, the first transistor Tr1 and the second transistor Tr2 of the kinds shown in
First, as shown in
Next, in step S2, the memory cell array region and a region where the first transistor Tr1 is formed are protected by a resist R1, and then the silicon oxide film 10′, the polysilicon film 11′, the silicon oxide film 12′, and the polysilicon film 13A′ of a region where the second transistor Tr2 is formed are processed into a shape of the gate electrode of the second transistor Tr2. This processing may also be performed by photolithography and etching adopting the resist R1 as a mask, but a mask other than the resist R1 may also be employed.
In following step S3, WVG (Water Vapor Generation) is employed to deposit a silicon oxide film 14′ on the entirety of the memory cell array region and the peripheral circuit region. This silicon oxide film 14′ is a film that is to be the previously described gate insulating film 14. Note that the silicon oxide film 14′ is formed also on a side surface of a gate electrode structure in the second transistor Tr2.
Next, in step S4, only the region where the second transistor Tr2 is formed is protected by a resist R2, and then the silicon oxide film 14′ is removed in the memory cell array region and the region where the first transistor Tr1 is formed.
Subsequently, in step S5, the resist R2 is removed and a resist R3 is deposited, and then a through-hole EI′ that penetrates the silicon oxide film 14′, the polysilicon film 13A′, and the silicon oxide film 12′ of the first transistor Tr1 and the second transistor Tr2 is formed adopting this resist R3 as a mask. This through-hole EI′ corresponds to the through-hole EI of
Following this, in step S6, the resist R3 is removed, and then an amorphous silicon film 11B′ is deposited on the entire surface of the memory cell array region and the peripheral circuit region. In the first transistor Tr1 and the second transistor Tr2, inside of the through-hole EI′ is also filled by this amorphous silicon film 11B′. This amorphous silicon film 11B′ is formed as the previously described connecting layer 11B in the inside of the through-hole EI.
Next, in step S7, the entire surface of the memory cell array region and the peripheral circuit region excluding a left side surface of the second transistor Tr2 is covered by a resist R4. Then, in order to implant boron ions to the left side surface of the second transistor Tr2, ion implantation of boron fluoride ions (BF2) is performed on the amorphous silicon film 11B′ from an oblique direction. As a result, the amorphous silicon film 11B′ formed on the left side surface of the second transistor Tr2 becomes a p+ type semiconductor and is later to be the previously described p+ type gate electrode 15.
Next, in step S8, the resist R4 is removed and instead a resist R5 is deposited. The resist R5 is deposited so as to cover the entire surface of the memory cell array region and the left side surface of the second transistor Tr2. Then, ion implantation of phosphorus (P) is performed on a surface exposed from the resist R5. As a result, the amorphous silicon film 11B′ changes to an n+ type semiconductor and is to be the previously described connecting layer 11B and n+ type gate electrode 16.
Next, in step S9, the resist R5 is removed, and then dry etching is executed to etch back the amorphous silicon film 11B′ above the silicon oxide film 14′.
In following step S10, a metallic layer 13B′ configured from a metallic film of the likes of tungsten (W) and tungsten nitride (WN) or from a stacked film of a plurality of metallic films is deposited on the entirety of the memory cell array region and the peripheral circuit region, and a silicon nitride film and a TEOS film that function as a hard mask HM are further deposited above the metallic film 13B′.
Next, in step S11, the gate electrodes of the memory cell MC and the first transistor Tr1 are processed adopting this hard mask HM as a mask. Then, ion implantation is performed in a self-aligning manner on these gate electrodes to form the source/drain diffusion layers 3 of the memory cell MC, the first transistor Tr1, and the second transistor Tr2. The above results in completion of structures of the memory cell MC, the first transistor Tr1, and the second transistor Tr2. The second transistor Tr2 is formed as a so-called multi-gate insulating film/dual work function MOSFET.
Note that in
As described above, the manufacturing method of the present embodiment makes it possible to manufacture a semiconductor memory device having a single work function MOSFET and a dual work function MOSFET mixed on one semiconductor substrate, by a small number of steps.
Next, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to a second embodiment will be described with reference to
The second transistor Tr2 of this second embodiment is different from the second transistor Tr2 of the first embodiment in that the n+ type gate electrode 16 on the right side of the n+ type gate electrode 11 is omitted. In this second embodiment, the multi-gate insulating film/dual work function MOSFET is formed by the n+ type gate electrode 11 and the p+ type gate electrode 15.
Next, a nonvolatile semiconductor memory device according to a third embodiment will be described with reference to
The second transistor Tr2 of this third embodiment has the gate insulating film 14 having an identical film thickness to that of the gate insulating film 10. In this case, the second transistor Tr2 functions as a single gate insulating film/dual work function MOSFET, and not as a multi-gate insulating film/dual work function MOSFET. By making the film thickness of the gate insulating film 10 identical to the film thickness of the gate insulating film 14, reliability of the gate insulating film of the MOSFET can be increased.
While certain embodiments of the inventions have been described, these embodiments have been presented by way of example only, and are not intended to limit the scope of the inventions. Indeed, the novel methods and systems described herein may be embodied in a variety of other forms; furthermore, various omissions, substitutions and changes in the form of the methods and systems described herein may be made without departing from the spirit of the inventions. The accompanying claims and their equivalents are intended to cover such forms or modifications as would fall within the scope and spirit of the inventions.
This application is based on and claims the benefit of priority from prior U.S. provisional Patent Application No. 61/951,983, filed on Mar. 12, 2014, the entire contents of which are incorporated herein by reference.
Number | Date | Country | |
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61951983 | Mar 2014 | US |