Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed

BPERFORMING OPERATIONS TRANSPORTING B41Printing, stamps B41JTYPEWRITERS SELECTIVE PRINTING MECHANISMS, e.g. INK-JET PRINTERS, THERMAL PRINTERS

B41J2/00Typewriters or selective printing mechanisms characterised by the printing or marking process for which they are designed

B41J2/005characterised by bringing liquid or particles selectively into contact with a printing material B41J2/0057where an intermediate transfer member receives the ink before transferring it on the printing material B41J2/01Ink jet B41J2/015characterised by the jet generation process B41J2/02generating a continuous ink jet B41J2/025by vibration B41J2/03by pressure B41J2/035by electric or magnetic field B41J2/04generating single droplets or particles on demand B41J2/045by pressure B41J2/04501Control methods or devices therefor B41J2/04503aiming at compensating carriage speed B41J2/04505aiming at correcting alignment B41J2/04506aiming at correcting manufacturing tolerances B41J2/04508aiming at correcting other parameters B41J2/0451for detecting failure B41J2/04511for electrostatic discharge protection B41J2/04513for increasing lifetime B41J2/04515preventing overheating B41J2/04516preventing formation of satellite drops B41J2/04518reducing costs B41J2/0452reducing demand in current or voltage B41J2/04521reducing number of signal lines needed B41J2/04523reducing size of the apparatus B41J2/04525reducing occurrence of cross talk B41J2/04526controlling trajectory B41J2/04528aiming at warming up the head B41J2/0453controlling a head having a dummy chamber B41J2/04531controlling a head having a heater in the manifold B41J2/04533controlling a head having several actuators per chamber B41J2/04535involving calculation of drop size, weight or volume B41J2/04536using history data B41J2/04538involving calculation of heater resistance B41J2/0454involving calculation of temperature B41J2/04541Specific driving circuit B41J2/04543Block driving B41J2/04545Dynamic block driving B41J2/04546Multiplexing B41J2/04548Details of power line section of control circuit B41J2/0455Details of switching sections of circuit B41J2/04551using several operating modes B41J2/04553detecting ambient temperature B41J2/04555detecting current B41J2/04556detecting distance to paper B41J2/04558detecting presence or properties of a dot on paper B41J2/0456detecting drop size, volume or weight B41J2/04561detecting presence or properties of a drop in flight B41J2/04563detecting head temperature; Ink temperature B41J2/04565detecting heater resistance B41J2/04566detecting humidity B41J2/04568Control according to number of actuators used simultaneously B41J2/0457Power supply level being detected or varied B41J2/04571detecting viscosity B41J2/04573Timing; Delays B41J2/04575controlling heads of acoustic type B41J2/04576controlling heads of electrostatic type B41J2/04578controlling heads based on electrostatically-actuated membranes B41J2/0458controlling heads based on heating elements forming bubbles B41J2/04581controlling heads based on piezoelectric elements B41J2/04583controlling heads based on discharge by lowering the surface tension of meniscus B41J2/04585controlling heads based on thermal bent actuators B41J2/04586controlling heads of a type not covered by groups B41J2/04575 - B41J2/04585, or of an undefined type B41J2/04588using a specific waveform B41J2/0459Height of the driving signal being adjusted B41J2/04591Width of the driving signal being adjusted B41J2/04593Dot-size modulation by changing the size of the drop B41J2/04595Dot-size modulation by changing the number of drops per dot B41J2/04596Non-ejecting pulses B41J2/04598Pre-pulse B41J2/05produced by the application of heat B41J2/055Devices for absorbing or preventing back-pressure B41J2/06by electric or magnetic field B41J2/065involving the preliminary making of ink protuberances B41J2/07characterised by jet control B41J2/072by thermal compensation B41J2/075for many-valued deflection B41J2/08charge-control type B41J2/085Charge means B41J2/09Deflection means B41J2/095electric field-control type B41J2/10magnetic field-control type B41J2/105for binary-valued deflection B41J2/11for ink spray B41J2/115synchronising the droplet separation and charging time B41J2/12testing or correcting charge or deflection B41J2/125Sensors B41J2/13for inclination of printed pattern B41J2/135Nozzles B41J2/14Structure thereof only for on-demand ink jet heads B41J2/14008Structure of acoustic ink jet print heads B41J2/14016Structure of bubble jet print heads B41J2/14024Assembling head parts B41J2/14032Structure of the pressure chamber B41J2/1404Geometrical characteristics B41J2/14048Movable member in the chamber B41J2/14056Plural heating elements per ink chamber B41J2/14064Heater chamber separated from ink chamber by a membrane B41J2/14072Electrical connections B41J2/1408Structure dealing with thermal variations B41J2/14088Structure of heating means B41J2/14096Current flowing through the ink B41J2/14104Laser or electron beam heating the ink B41J2/14112Resistive element B41J2/1412Shape B41J2/14129Layer structure B41J2/14137Resistor surrounding the nozzle opening B41J2/14145Structure of the manifold B41J2/14153Structures including a sensor B41J2/14161Structure having belt or drum with holes filled with ink B41J2/14201Structure of print heads with piezoelectric elements B41J2/14209of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material B41J2/14233of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm B41J2/14274of stacked structure type, deformed by compression/extension and disposed on a diaphragm B41J2/14282of cantilever type B41J2/1429of tubular type B41J2/14298of disc type B41J2/14314Structure of ink jet print heads with electrostatically actuated membrane B41J2/1433Structure of nozzle plates B41J2/14427Structure of ink jet print heads with thermal bend detached actuators B41J2/14451Structure of ink jet print heads discharging by lowering surface tension of meniscus B41J2/145Arrangement thereof B41J2/15for serial printing B41J2/155for line printing B41J2/16Production of nozzles B41J2/1601Production of bubble jet print heads B41J2/1603of the front shooter type B41J2/1604of the edge shooter type B41J2/1606Coating the nozzle area or the ink chamber B41J2/1607Production of print heads with piezoelectric elements B41J2/1609of finger type, chamber walls consisting integrally of piezoelectric material B41J2/161of film type, deformed by bending and disposed on a diaphragm B41J2/1612of stacked structure type, deformed by compression/extension and disposed on a diaphragm B41J2/1614of cantilever type B41J2/1615of tubular type B41J2/1617of disc type B41J2/1618Fixing the piezoelectric elements B41J2/162Manufacturing of the nozzle plates B41J2/1621manufacturing processes B41J2/1623bonding and adhesion B41J2/1625electroforming B41J2/1626etching B41J2/1628dry etching B41J2/1629wet etching B41J2/1631photolithography B41J2/1632machining B41J2/1634laser machining B41J2/1635dividing the wafer into individual chips B41J2/1637molding B41J2/1639sacrificial molding B41J2/164thin film formation B41J2/1642thin film formation by CVD [chemical vapor deposition] B41J2/1643thin film formation by plating B41J2/1645thin film formation by spincoating B41J2/1646thin film formation by sputtering B41J2/1648Production of print heads with thermal bend detached actuators B41J2/165Preventing or detecting of nozzle clogging B41J2/16505Caps, spittoons or covers for cleaning or preventing drying out B41J2/16508connected with the printer frame B41J2/16511Constructions for cap positioning B41J2/16517Cleaning of print head nozzles B41J2/1652by driving a fluid through the nozzles to the outside thereof B41J2/16523Waste ink collection from caps or spittoons B41J2/16526by applying pressure only B41J2/16532by applying vacuum only B41J2/16535using wiping constructions B41J2/16538with brushes or wiper blades perpendicular to the nozzle plate B41J2/16541Means to remove deposits from wipers or scrapers B41J2/16544Constructions for the positioning of wipers B41J2/16547the wipers and caps or spittoons being on the same movable support B41J2/16552using cleaning fluids B41J2/16579Detection means therefor B41J2/16585for paper-width or non-reciprocating print heads B41J2/16588Print heads movable towards the cleaning unit B41J2/17characterised by ink handling B41J2/1707Conditioning of the inside of ink supply circuits B41J2/1714Conditioning of the outside of ink supply systems B41J2/1721Collecting waste ink; Collectors therefor B41J2/175Ink supply systems; Circuit parts therefor B41J2/17503Ink cartridges B41J2/17506Refilling of the cartridge B41J2/17509Whilst mounted in the printer B41J2/17513Inner structure B41J2/1752Mounting within the printer B41J2/17523Ink connection B41J2/17526Electrical contacts to the cartridge B41J2/1753Details of contacts on the cartridge B41J2/17533Storage or packaging of ink cartridges B41J2/17536Protection of cartridges or parts thereof B41J2/1754with means attached to the cartridge B41J2/17543Cartridge presence detection or type identification B41J2/17546electronically B41J2/1755mechanically B41J2/17553Outer structure B41J2/17556Means for regulating the pressure in the cartridge B41J2/17559Cartridge manufacturing B41J2/17563Ink filters B41J2/17566Ink level or ink residue control B41J2/17593Supplying ink in a solid state B41J2/17596Ink pumps, ink valves B41J2/18Ink recirculation systems B41J2/185Ink-collectors Ink-catchers B41J2/19for removing air bubbles B41J2/195for monitoring ink quality B41J2/20for preventing or detecting contamination of compounds B41J2/205for printing a discrete number of tones B41J2/2052by dot superpositioning B41J2/2054by the variation of dot disposition or characteristics B41J2/2056by ink density change B41J2/21for multi-colour printing B41J2/2103Features not dealing with the colouring process per se B41J2/2107characterised by the ink properties B41J2/211Mixing of inks, solvent or air prior to paper contact B41J2/2114Ejecting transparent or white coloured liquids B41J2/2117Ejecting white liquids B41J2/2121characterised by dot size B41J2/2125by means of nozzle diameter selection B41J2/2128by means of energy modulation B41J2/2132Print quality control characterised by dot disposition B41J2/2135Alignment of dots B41J2/2139Compensation for malfunctioning nozzles creating dot place or dot size errors B41J2/2142Detection of malfunctioning nozzles B41J2/2146for line print heads B41J2/215by passing a medium B41J2/22characterised by selective application of impact or pressure on a printing material or impression-transfer material B41J2/225ballistic B41J2/23using print wires B41J2/235Print head assemblies B41J2/24serial printer type B41J2/245line printer type B41J2/25Print wires B41J2/255Arrangement of the print ends of the wires B41J2/26Connection of print wire and actuator B41J2/265Guides for print wires B41J2/27Actuators for print wires B41J2/275of clapper type B41J2/28of spring charge type B41J2/285of plunger type B41J2/29of moving-coil type B41J2/295using piezo-electric elements B41J2/30Control circuits for actuators B41J2/305Ink supply apparatus B41J2/31using a print element with projections on its surface impacted or impressed by hammers B41J2/315characterised by selective application of heat to a heat sensitive printing or impression-transfer material B41J2/32using thermal heads B41J2/325by selective transfer of ink from ink carrier B41J2/33from ink roller B41J2/335Structure of thermal heads B41J2/33505Constructional details B41J2/3351Electrode layers B41J2/33515Heater layers B41J2/3352Integrated circuits B41J2/33525Passivation layers B41J2/3353Protective layers B41J2/33535Substrates B41J2/3354characterised by geometry B41J2/33545characterised by dimensions B41J2/3355characterised by materials B41J2/33555characterised by type B41J2/3356Corner type resistors B41J2/33565Edge type resistors B41J2/3357Surface type resistors B41J2/33575Processes for assembling process heads B41J2/3358Cooling arrangements B41J2/33585Hollow parts under the heater B41J2/3359Manufacturing processes B41J2/33595Conductors through the layered structure B41J2/34comprising semiconductors B41J2/345characterised by the arrangement of resistors or conductors B41J2/35providing current or voltage to the thermal head B41J2/355Control circuits for heating-element selection B41J2/3551Block driving B41J2/3553Heater resistance determination B41J2/3555Historical control B41J2/3556Preheating pulses B41J2/3558Voltage control or determination B41J2/36Print density control B41J2/362Correcting density variation B41J2/365by compensation for variation in temperature B41J2/37by compensation for variation in current B41J2/375Protection arrangements against overheating B41J2/38Preheating B41J2/385characterised by selective supply of electric current or selective application of magnetism to a printing or impression-transfer material B41J2/3855Electrographic print heads using processes not otherwise provided for B41J2/39using multi-stylus heads B41J2/395Structure of multi-stylus heads B41J2/40providing current or voltage to the multi-stylus head B41J2/405Selection of the stylus or auxiliary electrode to be supplied B41J2/41for electrostatic printing B41J2/415by passing charged particles through a hole or a slit B41J2/4155for direct electrostatic printing [DEP] B41J2/42for heating selectively B41J2/425for removing surface layer selectively from electro-sensitive material B41J2/43for magnetic printing B41J2/435characterised by selective application of radiation to a printing material or impression-transfer material B41J2/44using single radiation source per colour B41J2/442using lasers B41J2/445using liquid crystals B41J2/447using arrays of radiation sources B41J2/4473using liquid crystal [LC] arrays B41J2/4476using cathode ray or electron beam tubes B41J2/45using light-emitting diode [LED] or laser arrays B41J2/451Special optical means therefor B41J2/455using laser arrays, the laser array being smaller than the medium to be recorded B41J2/46characterised by using glass fibres B41J2/465using masks B41J2/4655using character templates B41J2/47using the combination of scanning and modulation of light B41J2/471using dot sequential main scanning by means of a light deflector B41J2/473using multiple light beams, wavelengths or colours B41J2/475for heating selectively by radiation or ultrasonic waves B41J2/4753using thermosensitive substrates B41J2/48melting ink on a film or melting ink granules B41J2/485characterised by the process of building-up characters or image elements applicable to two or more kinds of printing or marking processes B41J2/49by writing B41J2/495by selective printing from a rotating helical member B41J2/50by the selective combination of two or more non-identical printing elements B41J2/505from an assembly of identical printing elements B41J2/5052with special adaptations characterised by the ink properties B41J2/5054with special adaptations characterised by dot size B41J2/5056using dot arrays providing selective dot disposition modes B41J2/5058locally B41J2/51serial printer type B41J2/512Adjustment of the dot disposition by adjustment of the arrangement of the dot printing elements of a print head B41J2/515line printer type B41J2/52Arrangement for printing a discrete number of tones, not covered by group B41J2/205 B41J2/525Arrangement for multi-colour printing, not covered by group B41J2/21