Patent Grant
10741107
The present invention relates generally to displays, and, in particular embodiments, to a system and method for a modular multi-panel display.
Large displays (e.g., billboards), such as those commonly used for advertising in cities and along roads, generally have one or more pictures and/or text that are to be displayed under various light and weather conditions. As technology has advanced and introduced new lighting devices such as the light emitting diode (LED), such advances have been applied to large displays. An LED display is a flat panel display, which uses an array of light-emitting diodes. A large display may be made of a single LED display or a panel of smaller LED panels. LED panels may be conventional panels made using discrete LEDs or surface-mounted device (SMD) panels. Most outdoor screens and some indoor screens are built around discrete LEDs, which are also known as individually mounted LEDs. A cluster of red, green, and blue diodes is driven together to form a full-color pixel, usually square in shape. These pixels are spaced evenly apart and are measured from center to center for absolute pixel resolution.
Embodiments of the invention relate to lighting systems and, more particularly, to multi-panel lighting systems for providing interior or exterior displays.
In one embodiment, a modular display panel comprises a casing having a recess. The casing comprises locking points for use in attachment to an adjacent casing of another modular display panel. A printed circuit board is disposed in the recess and a plurality of LEDs attached to the printed circuit board. A driver circuit is attached to the printed circuit board. A heat sink is disposed between a back side of the casing and the printed circuit board. The heat sink thermally contacts the back side of the casing and the printed circuit board. A framework of louvers is disposed over the printed circuit board. The framework of louvers is disposed between rows of the plurality of LEDs. The framework of louvers is attached to the printed circuit board using an adhesive.
In another embodiment, a modular multi-panel display system comprises a mechanical support structure, and a plurality of LED display panels mounted to the mechanical support structure so as to form an integrated display panel. Each LED display panel includes a casing having a recess. The casing comprises interlocking attachment points that are attached to an adjacent LED display panel. Each LED display panel also includes a printed circuit board disposed in the recess. A plurality of LED modules is attached to the printed circuit board. Each LED display panel also includes a heat sink disposed between a back side of the casing and the printed circuit board. The heat sink thermally contacts the back side of the casing and the printed circuit board. Each LED display panel is hermetically sealed and exposed to the environment without use of any cabinets. The display system is cooled passively and includes no air conditioning, fans, or heating units.
In yet another embodiment, a modular display panel comprises a plastic housing having a recess, and a printed circuit board disposed in the recess. A plurality of LEDs is attached to the printed circuit board. A transparent potting compound overlies the LEDs. A driver circuit is attached to the printed circuit board. A heat sink is disposed between a back side of the housing and the printed circuit board. The heat sink thermally contacts the back side of the housing and the printed circuit board. A power supply is mounted outside the plastic housing.
For a more complete understanding, reference is now made to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:
In the following discussion, exterior displays are used herein for purposes of example. It is understood that the present disclosure may be applied to lighting for any type of interior and/or exterior display.
Embodiments of the invention provide display panels, each of which provides a completely self-contained building block that is lightweight. These displays are designed to protect against weather, without a heavy cabinet. The panel can be constructed of aluminum or plastic so that it will about 50% lighter than typical panels that are commercially available. The lightweight design allows for easier installation and maintenance, thus lowering total cost of ownership.
In certain embodiments, the display is IP 67 rated and therefore waterproof and corrosion resistant. Because weather is the number one culprit for damage to LED displays, and IP 67 rating provides weatherproofing with significant weather protection. These panels are completely waterproof against submersion in up to 3 feet of water. In other embodiments, the equipment can be designed with an IP 68 rating to operate completely underwater. In lower-cost embodiments where weatherproofing is not as significant, the panels can have an IP 65 or IP 66 rating.
One aspect takes advantage of a no cabinet design-new technology that replaces cabinets, which are necessary in commercial embodiments. Older technology incorporates the use of cabinets in order to protect the LED display electronics from rain. This creates an innate problem in that the cabinet must not allow rain to get inside to the electronics, while at the same time the cabinet must allow for heat created by the electronics and ambient heat to escape.
Embodiments that do not use this cabinet technology avoid a multitude of problems inherent to cabinet-designed displays. One of the problems that has been solved is the need to effectively cool the LED display. Most LED manufacturers must use air-conditioning (HVAC) to keep their displays cool. This technology greatly increases the cost of installation and performance.
Displays of the present invention can be designed to be light weight and easy to handle. For example, the average total weight of a 20 mm, 14′×48′ panel can be 5,500 pounds or less while typical commercially available panels are at 10,000 to 12,000 pounds. These units are more maneuverable and easier to install saving time and money in the process.
Embodiments of the invention provide building block panels that are configurable with future expandability. These displays can offer complete expandability to upgrade in the future without having to replace the entire display. Installation is fast and easy with very little down-time, which allows any electronic message to be presented more quickly.
In some embodiments, the display panels are “hot swappable.” By removing one screw in each of the four corners of the panel, servicing the display is fast and easy. Since a highly-trained, highly-paid electrician or LED technician is not needed to correct a problem, cost benefits can be achieved.
Various embodiments utilize enhanced pixel technology (EPT), which increases image capability. EPT allows image displays in the physical pitch spacing, but also has the ability to display the image in a resolution that is four-times greater. Images will be as sharp and crisp when viewed close as when viewed from a distance, and at angles.
In embodiments of the invention, a number of different resolution display panels are manufactured and sold but each of these panels is made to have the same physical dimensions. This approach saves cost because standard-size components can be used for the various models of displays that are available. In other words, instead of maintaining inventory of eight different size housings for a product line that includes eight different resolution display panels, a single inventory can be kept. This can lower inventory costs.
Table 1 provides an example of the pitches used for a product line that includes eight different resolution display panels. Each of these panels may have dimensions of one foot by two feet. The pitch and type of LED used is provided in Table 1.
In some embodiments it is advantageous to build multipanel displays where each of the LEDs is provided by a single LED manufacturer, so that diodes of different origin in the manufacture are not mixed. It has been discovered that diode consistency can aid in the quality of the visual image. While this feature is not necessary, it is helpful because displays made from different diodes from different suppliers can create patchy inconsistent color, e.g., “pink” reds and pink looking casts to the overall image.
Referring to
Each panel 104a-104t is a self-contained unit that couples directly to the frame 106. By “directly,” it is understood that another component or components may be positioned between the panel 104a-104t and the frame 106, but the panel is not placed inside a cabinet that is coupled to the frame 106. For example, an alignment plate (described later but not shown in the present figure) may be coupled to a panel and/or the frame 106 to aid in aligning a panel with other panels. Further a corner plate could be used. The panel may then be coupled to the frame 106 or the alignment plate and/or corner plate, and either coupling approach would be “direct” according to the present disclosure.
Two or more panels 104a-104t can be coupled for power and/or data purposes, with a panel 104a-104t receiving power and/or data from a central source or another panel and passing through at least some of the power and/or data to one or more other panels. This further improves the modular aspect of the display 100, as a single panel 104a-104t can be easily connected to the display 100 when being installed and easily disconnected when being removed by decoupling the power and data connections from neighboring panels.
The power and data connections for the panels 104a-104t may be configured using one or more layouts, such as a ring, mesh, star, bus, tree, line, or fully-connected layout, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments the LED panels 104a-104t may be in a single network, while in other embodiments the LED panels 104a-104t may be divided into multiple networks. Power and data may be distributed using identical or different layouts. For example, power may be distributed in a line layout, while data may use a combination of line and star layouts.
The frame 106 may be relatively light in weight compared to frames needed to support cabinet mounted LED assemblies. In the present example, the frame 106 includes only a top horizontal member 108, a bottom horizontal member 110, a left vertical member 112, a right vertical member 114, and intermediate vertical members 116. Power cables and data cables (not shown) for the panels 104a-104t may route around and/or through the frame 106.
In one example, the display 100 includes 336 panels 104a-104t, e.g., to create a 14′×48′ display. As will be discussed below, because each panel is lighter than typical panels, the entire display could be built to weigh only 5500 pounds. This compares favorably to commercially available displays of the size, which generally weigh from 10,000 to 12,000 pounds.
Referring to
Referring specifically to
In some embodiments, the substrate 202 may form the entire front surface of the panel 200, with no other part of the panel 200 being visible from the front when the substrate 202 is in place. In other embodiments, a housing 220 (
As one example, a potting material can be formed over the LEDs 216. This material can be applied as a liquid, e.g., while heated, and then harden over the surface, e.g., when cooled. This potting material is useful for environmental protection, e.g., to achieve an IP rating of IP 65 or higher.
Louvers 218 may be positioned above each row of pixels 214 to block or minimize light from directly striking the LEDs 216 from certain angles. For example, the louvers 218 may be configured to extend from the substrate 202 to a particular distance and/or at a particular angle needed to completely shade each pixel 214 when a light source (e.g., the sun) is at a certain position (e.g., ten degrees off vertical). In the present example, the louvers 208 extend the entire length of the substrate 202, but it is understood that other louver configurations may be used.
Referring specifically to
In the present example, the housing 220 is sealed to prevent water from entering the housing. For example, the housing 220 may be sealed to have an ingress protection (IP) rating such as IP 67, which defines a level of protection against both solid particles and liquid. This ensures that the panel 200 can be mounted in inclement weather situations without being adversely affected. In such embodiments, the cooling is passive as there are no vent openings for air intakes or exhausts. In other embodiments, the housing may be sealed to have an IP rating of IP 65 or higher, e.g. IP 65, IP 66, IP 67, or IP 68.
Referring specifically to
Referring to
As shown in the orthogonal view of
The housing 300 may also include multiple extensions 310 (e.g., sleeves) that provide screw holes or locations for captive screws that can be used to couple the substrate to the housing 300. Other extensions 312 may be configured to receive pins or other protrusions from a locking plate and/or fasteners, which will be described later in greater detail. Some or all of the extensions 312 may be accessible only from the rear side of the housing 300 and so are not shown as openings in
As shown in
It is understood that, in some embodiments, the alignment plate 314 may be formed as part of the panel or the alignment functionality provided by the alignment plate 314 may be achieved in other ways. In still other embodiments, a single alignment panel 314 may be formed to receive multiple panels, rather than a single panel as shown in
In other embodiments, the alignment functionality is eliminated. The design choice of whether to use alignment mechanisms (e.g., slots and grooves) is based upon a tradeoff between the additional alignment capability and the ease of assembly.
As shown in
Referring to
In the present example, the back includes a number of connection points that include a “power in” point 402, a “data in” point 404, a main “data out” point 406, multiple slave data points 408, and a “power out” point 4100. As will be discussed below, one embodiment of the invention provides for an integrated data and power cable, which reduces the number of ports. The power in point 402 enables the panel 400 to receive power from a power source, which may be another panel. The data in point 404 enables the panel to receive data from a data source, which may be another panel. The main data out point 406 enables the panel 400 to send data to another main panel. The multiple slave data points 408, which are bi-directional in this example, enable the panel 400 to send data to one or more slave panels and to receive data from those slave panels. In some embodiments, the main data out point 406 and the slave data out points 408 may be combined. The power out point 410 enables the panel 400 to send power to another panel.
The connection points may be provided in various ways. For example, in one embodiment, the connection points may be jacks configured to receive corresponding plugs. In another embodiment, a cable may extend from the back panel with a connector (e.g., a jack or plug) affixed to the external end of the cable to provide an interface for another connector. It is understood that the connection points may be positioned and organized in many different ways.
Inside the panel, the power in point 402 and power out point 410 may be coupled to circuitry (not shown) as well as to a power supply. For example, the power in point 402 and power out point 410 may be coupled to the circuitry 222 of
The data in point 404, main data out point 406, and slave data out points 408 may be coupled to the circuitry 222. The circuitry 222 may aid in regulating the reception and transmission of the data. In some embodiments, the circuitry 222 may identify data used for the panel 400 and also send all data on to other coupled main and slave panels via the main data out point 406 and slave data out points 408, respectively. In such embodiments, the other main and slave panels would then identify the information relevant to that particular panel from the data. In other embodiments, the circuitry 222 may remove the data needed for the panel 400 and selectively send data on to other coupled main and slave panels via the main data out point 406 and slave data out points 408, respectively. For example, the circuitry 222 may send only data corresponding to a particular slave panel to that slave panel rather than sending all data and letting the slave panel identify the corresponding data.
The back panel also has coupling points 412 and 414. In the example where the housing is supplied by the housing 300 of
Referring specifically to
Referring to
Referring to
In contrast to the main panel of
Referring specifically to
It is noted that the similarity in size of the panels 400 of
In some embodiments, the main panel 400 of
Referring to
Referring to
In the present example, the frame 800 is designed to support LED panels 802 in a configuration that is ten panels high and thirty-two panels wide. While the size of the panels 802 may vary, in the current embodiment this provides a display surface that is approximately fifty feet and four inches wide (50′4″) and fifteen feet and eight and three-quarters inches high (15′8.75″).
It is understood that all measurements and materials described with respect to
Referring specifically to
The frame 800 may be constructed of various materials, including metals. For example, the top bar 804, the bottom bar 806, the left bar 808, and the right bar 810 (e.g., the perimeter bars) may be made using a four inch aluminum association standard channel capable of bearing 1.738 lb./ft. The vertical bars 812 may be made using 2″×4″×½″ aluminum tube capable of bearing a load of 3.23 lb./ft. it is understood that other embodiments will utilize other size components.
It is understood that these sizes and load bearing capacities are for purposes of illustration and are not intended to be limiting. However, conventional steel display frames needed to support conventional cabinet-based displays are typically much heavier than the frame 800, which would likely not be strong enough to support a traditional cabinet-based display. For example, the frame 800 combined with the panels described herein may weigh at least fifty percent less than equivalent steel cabinet-based displays.
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
A clip 822 may be coupled to a vertical bar 812 via one or more fasteners 824 and to the horizontal bar 814 via one or more fasteners 824. In the present example, the clip 822 is positioned above the horizontal bar 814, but it is understood that the clip 822 may be positioned below the horizontal bar 814 in other embodiments. In still other embodiments, the clip 822 may be placed partially inside the horizontal bar 814 (e.g., a portion of the clip 822 may be placed through a slot or other opening in the horizontal bar 814).
Referring to
The cutaway view shows the bottom bar 806 and a vertical bar 812. A first flat bar 826 may be used with multiple fasteners 828 to couple the bottom bar 806 to the vertical bar 812 at the back of the frame 800. A second flat bar 830 may be used with fasteners 832 to couple the bottom bar 806 to the vertical bar 812 at the front of the frame 800. A front plate 902 belonging to a coupling mechanism 900 (described below with respect to
Referring to
Referring to
Referring to
The coupling mechanism goo includes a front plate 902 and a back plate 904. The front plate 902 has an outer surface 906 that faces the back of a panel and an inner surface 908 that faces the frame 106. The front plate 902 may include a center hole 910 and holes 912. The center hole 910 may be countersunk relative to the outer surface 906 to allow a bolt head to sit at or below the outer surface 906. Mounting pins 914 may extend from the outer surface 906. The back plate 904 has an outer surface 916 that faces away from the frame 106 and an inner surface 918 that faces the frame 106. The back plate 904 includes a center hole 920 and holes 922.
In operation, the front plate 902 and back plate 904 are mounted on opposite sides of one of the vertical bars 808, 810, or 812 with the front plate 902 mounted on the panel side of the frame 800 and the back plate 904 mounted on the back side of the frame 800. For purposes of example, a vertical bar 812 will be used. When mounted in this manner, the inner surface 908 of the front plate 902 and the inner surface 918 of the back plate 904 face one another. A fastener (e.g., a bolt) may be placed through the center hole 910 of the front plate 902, through a hole in the vertical bar 812 of the frame 800, and through the center hole 920 of the back plate 904. This secures the front plate 902 and back plate 904 to the frame 800 with the mounting pins 914 extending away from the frame.
Using the housing 300 of
Once in position, a fastener is inserted through the hole 922 of the back plate 904, through the corresponding hole 912 of the front plate 902, and into a threaded hole provided by an extension 310/312 in the panel 300. This secures the panel to the frame 800. It is understood that this occurs at each corner of the panel, so that the panel will be secured to the frame 800 using four different coupling mechanisms 900. Accordingly, to attach or remove a panel, only four fasteners need be manipulated. The coupling mechanism goo can remain in place to support up to three other panels.
In other embodiments, the front plate 902 is not needed. For example, in displays that are lighter in weight the back of the panel can abut directly with the beam. In other embodiments, the center hole 920 and corresponding bolt are not necessary. In other words the entire connection is made by the screws through the plate 904 into the panel.
The embodiment illustrated here shows a connection from the back of the display. In certain applications, access to the back of the panels is not available. For example, the display may be mounted directly on a building without a catwalk or other access. In this case, the holes in the panel can extend all the way through the panel with the bolts being applied through the panel and secured on the back. This is the opposite direction of what is shown in
More precise alignment may be provided by using an alignment plate, such as the alignment plate 314 of
It is understood that many different configurations may be used for the coupling mechanism 400. For example, the locations of holes and/or pins may be moved, more or fewer holes and/or pins may be provided, and other modifications may be made. It is further understood that many different coupling mechanisms may be used to attach a panel to the frame 106. Such coupling mechanisms may use bolts, screws, latches, clips, and/or any other fastener suitable for removably attaching a panel to the frame 800.
Referring to
As illustrated in
As illustrated in
It is understood that the data lines may be bi-directional. In some embodiments, an input line and an output line may be provided, rather than a single bi-directional line as illustrated in
Referring to
As illustrated in
Although not shown in
In the present example, the data is provided to the B panels that form the fourth row of each section. The B panels in the fourth row feed the data both vertically along the column and in a serial manner along the row (as shown in
Referring to
As illustrated in
Although not shown in
As the present example illustrates the use of separate input and output connection points for data communications between the main panel and the slave panels, data connections between B panels have been omitted for purposes of clarity. However, a separate line may be run to the B panels in the first column of each face (which would require six lines in
In the present example, the data is provided to the B panels that form the fourth row of each section. The B panels in the fourth row feed the data both vertically along the column and in a serial manner along the row (as shown in
The multi-panel modular display panel 1300 comprises a plurality of LED display panels 1350. In various embodiments describe herein, the light emitting diode (LED) display panels 1350 are attached to a frame 1310 or skeletal structure that provides the framework for supporting the LED display panels 1350. The LED display panels 1350 are stacked next to each other and securely attached to the frame 1310 using attachment plate 1450, which may be a corner plate in one embodiment. The attachment plate 1450 may comprise holes through which attachment features 1490 may be screwed in, for example.
Referring to
Referring to
The frame 1310 may include support structures for the electrical cables, data cables, electrical power box powering the LED displays panels 1350, data receiver box controlling power, data, and communication to the LED displays panels 1350.
However, the frame 131o does not include any additional enclosures to protect the LED panels, data, power cables from the environment. Rather, the frame 1310 is exposed to the elements and further exposes the LED display panels 1350 to the environment. The frame 1310 also does not include air conditioning, fans, or heating units to maintain the temperature of the LED display panels 1350. Rather, the LED display panels 1350 are hermetically sealed themselves and are designed to be exposed to the outside ambient. Further, in various embodiments, there are not additional cabinets that are attached to the frame 1310 or used for housing the LED display panels 1350. Accordingly, in various embodiments, the multi-panel modular display panel 1300 is designed to be only passively cooled.
Referring to
Accordingly, in various embodiments, the height of the pillars 1480 is about the same as the thickness of the beams 1320 of the frame 1310. In one or more embodiments, the height of the pillars 1480 is slightly more than the thickness of the beams 1320 of the frame 1310.
Referring to
In the embodiment of
Each modular LED display panel 1350 is capable of receiving input using an integrated data and power cable from a preceding modular LED display panel and providing an output using another integrated data and power cable to a succeeding modular LED display panel. Each cable ends with an endpoint device or connector, which is a socket or alternatively a plug.
Referring to
Referring to
In one embodiment, the plurality of LED display panels 1350 includes 320 LED display panels 1350 arranged in ten rows and thirty-two columns so that the integrated display panel 1300 has a display surface that is approximately fifty feet and four inches wide and fifteen feet and eight and three-quarters inches high.
In various embodiments, as illustrated in
This embodiment differs from embodiment described in
A mechanical support structure such as the frame 1310 described above is assembled taking into account various parameters such as the size and weight of the multi-panel display, location and zoning requirements, and others (box 1501). For example, as previously described, the mechanical support structure includes a plurality of vertical bars and horizontal bars. The mechanical support structure may be fabricated from a corrosion resistant material in one or more embodiments. For example, the mechanical support structure may be coated with a weather-proofing coating that prevents the underlying substrate from corroding.
A plurality of LED display panels are mounted on to the mechanical support structure so as to form an integrated display panel that includes an array of rows and columns of LED display panels as described in various embodiments (box 1503). Each of the LED display panels is hermetically sealed. Mounting the LED display panels may comprise mounting each LED display panel to a respective vertical beam using an attachment plate.
Each of the LED display panels is electrically connected to a data source and to a power source (box 1505). For example, a first LED display panel in each row is electrically coupled to the display source. The other LED display panels in each row may be daisy-chain coupled to an adjacent LED display panel (e.g., as illustrated in
Since the assembled display structure is light weight, significant assembly advantages can be achieved. For example, the panels can be assembled within a warehouse that is remote from the final location where the display will be utilized. In other words, the panels can be assembled at a first location, shipped to a second location and finalized at the second location.
An illustration of two assembled displays that are ready for shipment is provided in
In various embodiments, the assembled multi-panel display system includes no cabinets. The assembled multi-panel display system is cooled passively and includes no air conditioning or fans.
Referring to
In one embodiment, the health of a panel and/or the health of individual pixels can be determined. To determine the health of the panel, the power supply for each of the panels is monitored. If a lack of power is detected at any of the supplies a warning message is sent. For example, it can be determined that one of the power supplies has ceased to supply power. In the illustrated example, the message is sent from the power supply to the communication chip within the panel and then back to the receiving card. From the receiving card a message can be sent to the sending card or otherwise. For example, the message could generate a text to be provided to a repair station or person. In one example, a wireless transmitter is provided in the receiving card so that the warning message can be sent via a wireless network, e.g., a cellular data network. Upon receipt of the warning message, a maintenance provider can view the display, e.g., using a camera directed at the display.
In another embodiment, the health of individual pixels is determined, for example, by having each panel include circuitry to monitor the power being consumed by each pixel. If any pixel is determined to be failing, a warning message can be generated as discussed above. The pixel level health check can be used separately from or in combination with the panel level health check.
These embodiments would use bi-directional data communication between the panels and the receiver box. Image data will be transferred from the receiver box to the panels, e.g., along each row, and health and other monitoring data can be transferred from the panels back to the receiver. In addition to, or instead of, the health data discussed other data such as temperature, power consumption or mechanical data (e.g., sensing whether the panel has moved) can be provided from the panel.
If a decision is made to replace the defective LED display panel, the defective LED display panel is electrically disconnected from the multi-panel display (box 1512). The attachment plate securely holding the LED display panel to the frame is removed from the defective LED display panel (box 1513). In one or more embodiments, four attachment plates are removed so as to remove a single LED display panel. This is because one attachment plate has to be removed from a respective corner of the defective LED display panel.
The defective LED display panel is next removed from the multi-panel display (box 1514). A replacement LED display panel is placed in a location formerly taken by the defective LED display panel (box 1515). The attachment plate is reattached to the replacement LED display panel securely mounting the replacement LED display panel back to the display system (box 1516). Similarly, four attachment plates have to be reattached in the above example. The replacement LED display panel is electrically reconnected to the multi-panel display (box 1517).
Referring to
The PCB is mounted within a cavity of an enclosure, which may be a plastic casing 1650. A heat sink 1660 is attached between the PCB 1620 and the casing 1650 and contacts both the PCB 1620 and the casing 1650 to maximize heat extraction. A thermal grease may be used between the back side of the casing 1650 and the PCB 1620 to improve thermal conduction. In one example embodiment, the thermal grease is between the heat sink 1660 and the back side of the casing 1650. In a further example embodiment, the thermal grease is between the PCB 1620 and the heat sink 1660.
A receiver circuit 1625 is mounted on the PCB 1620. The receiver circuit 1625 may be a single chip in one embodiment. Alternatively, multiple components may be mounted on the PCB 1620. The receiver circuit 1625 may be configured to process the received media and control the operation of the LEDs 1610 individually. For example, the receiver circuit 1625 may determine the color of the LED to be displayed at each location (pixel). Similarly, the receiver circuit 1625 may determine the brightness at each pixel location, for example, by controlling the current supplied to the LED.
The air gap within the cavity is minimized so that heat is conducted out more efficiently. Thermally conductive standoffs 1626 may be introduced between the PCB 1620 to minimize the air gap, for example, between the receiver circuit 1625 and the heat sink 1660. The PCB 1620 is designed to maximize heat extraction from the LEDs 1610 to the heat sink 1660. As described previously, the casing 1650 of the display panel 1350 has openings through which an input cable 1360 and output cable 1365 may be attached. The cables may have connectors or plugs for connecting to an adjacent panel or alternatively the casing 1650 may simply have input and output sockets.
A power supply unit 1670 may be mounted over the casing 1650 for powering the LEDs 1610. The power supply unit 1670 may comprise a LED driver in various embodiments. The LED driver may include a power converter for converting ac to dc, which is supplied to the LEDs 1610. Alternatively, the LED driver may comprise a down converter that down converts the voltage suitable for driving the LEDs 1610. For example, the down converter may down convert a dc voltage at a first level to a dc voltage at a second level that is lower than the first level. This is done so that large dc currents are not carried on the power cables. The LED driver is configured to provide a constant dc current to the LEDs 1610.
Examples of down converters (dc to dc converters) include linear regulators and switched mode converters such as buck converters. In further embodiments, the output from the power supply unit 1670 is isolated from the input power. Accordingly, in various embodiments, the power supply unit 1670 may comprise a transformer. As a further example, in one or more embodiments, the power supply unit 1670 may comprise forward, half-bridge, full-bridge, or push-pull topologies.
The power supply unit 1670 may be placed inside a faraday cage to minimize RF interference to other components. The LED driver of the power supply unit 1670 may also include a control loop for controlling the output current. In various embodiments, the display panel 1350 is sealed to an IP 67 standard. As discussed herein, other ratings are possible.
Referring to
The interface circuit 1651 provides the received data packets to the graphics processor 1657 through a receiver bus 1654. In some embodiments, the interface circuit 1651 provides only the data packets intended for the display panel 1350. In other embodiment, the interface circuit 1651 provides all incoming data packets to the graphics processor 1657. For example, the graphics processor 1657 may perform any decoding of the received media. The graphics processor 1657 may use the buffer memory 1655 or frame buffer as needed to store media packets during processing.
A scan controller 1659, which may include an address decoder, receives the media to be displayed and identifies individual LEDs in the LEDs 1610 that need to be controlled. The scan controller 1659 may determine an individual LED's color, brightness, refresh time, and other parameters associated to generate the display. In one embodiment, the scan controller 1659 may provide this information to the LED driver 1653, which selects the appropriate current for the particular LED.
Alternatively, the scan controller 1659 may interface directly with the LEDs 1610 in one embodiment. For example, the LED driver 1653 provides a constant current to the LEDs 1610 while the scan controller 1659 controls the select line needed to turn ON or OFF a particular LED. Further, in various embodiments, the scan controller 1659 may be integrated into the LED driver 1653.
Referring to
Referring to
A power supply unit 1670 is mounted over the casing 1650 and protrudes away from the back side. The casing 1650 may also include stacking features 1730 that may be used to stack the display panels 1350 correctly. For example, the stacking features 1730 may indicate the path in which data cables are moving and which end of the casing 1650, if any, has to placed pointing up. The casing 1650 may further include a handle 1720 for lifting the display panel 1350.
The housing of the power supply unit 1670, which may be made of plastic, may include fins 1671 for maximizing heat extraction from the power supply unit 1670. The power supply unit 1670 may be screwed into the casing 1650.
Referring to
The display panel discussed thus far has the advantage of being self-cooling, waterproof and light-weight. A plastic material, e.g., an industrial plastic, can be used for the housing. Within the housing, the LED board (or boards) are enclosed without any significant air gaps (or no air gaps at all). In some embodiments, a heat conductive material can be attached to both the back of the LED board and the inner surface of the housing to facilitate heat transfer. This material can be a thermally conductive sheet of material such as a metal (e.g., an aluminum plate) and/or a thermal grease.
The power supply is mounted outside the LED board housing and can also be passively cooled. As discussed herein, a thermally conductive material can be included between the power supply and the LED board, e.g., between the power supply housing and the LED panel enclosure. A thermally conductive material could also line some or all of the surfaces of the power supply housing.
While the discussion thus far has related to the self-cooling panel, it is understood that many of the embodiments discussed herein also applied to fan-cooled assemblies. Two views of a fan cooled display panel are shown in
In various embodiments, the plurality of ridges 1632 have a higher height than the plurality of support strips 1631. Horizontally oriented plurality of ridges 1632 may be advantageous to remove or block water droplets from over the LEDs 1610.
The relative height differences between the plurality of support strips 1631 and the plurality of ridges 1632 may be adjusted depending on the particular mounting location in one embodiment. Alternatively in other embodiments, these may be independent of the mounting location.
The sidewalls and structure of the plurality of ridges 1632 may be adjusted depending on various lighting conditions and need to prevent water from accumulating or streaking over the LEDs 1610.
In addition to the features described previously, in one or more embodiments, the display panels may include locking features 1760 such as tabs and other marks that may be used to correctly align the display panels precisely. For example, the locking features 1760 may comprise interlocking attachment points that are attached to an adjacent LED display panel.
Data to be displayed at the multi-panel display system may be first received from a computer 1850, which may be a media server, at a controller 1800. The controller 1800, which may also be part of the media server, may transmit the data to be displayed to one or more data receiver boxes 1400. A very large display may include more than one receiver box 1400. The data receiver boxes 1400 receive the data to be displayed from the controller 1800, and distribute it across to the multiple display panels.
As described previously, a data receiver box 1400 is mounted to the mechanical support structure or frame 1310. The data receiver box 1400 is configured to receive data from a controller 1800 and to provide power, data, and communication to the LED display panels 1350 through integrated power and data cables 1860. The input cable 1360 and the output cable 1365 in
The controller 1800 may be a remotely located or located on-site in various embodiments. The controller 1800 is configured to provide data to display to the data receiver box 1400. The output of the controller 1800 may be coupled through a network cable 1840 to the data receiver box 1400. The data receiver box 1400 is housed in a housing that is separate from housings of each of the LED display panels 1300 (for example,
Referring to
The data input 1830 may be coupled to a computer 1850, for example, to a USB or DVI output. The computer 1850 may provide data to the sending card 1810, for example, through the USB and/or DVI output.
The data receiver box 1400 connects the LED display panels with data to be displayed on the integrated display and with power to power each of the LED display panels 1350. The data receiver box 1400 may transmit the media or data to be displayed in a suitable encoded format. In one or more embodiments, the data receiver box 1400 transmits analog video. For example, in one embodiment, composite video may be outputted by the data receiver box 1400. Alternatively, in one embodiment, YPbPr analog component video may be outputted by the data receiver box 1400.
Alternatively, in some embodiments, the data receiver box 1400 transmits digital video. The output video comprises video to be displayed encoded in a digital video format by each of the display panels under the data receiver box 1400.
In one or more embodiments, the data receiver box 1400 creates multiple outputs, where each output is configured for each panel under its control. Alternatively, the display panels 1350 may be configured to decode the received data and select and display only the appropriate data intended to be displayed by that particular display panel 1350.
In either of the power transmission embodiments, the power line can be configured so that power is run across all of the row (or any other group of panels). In this manner, if the power supply of any one of the panels fails, the other panels will continue to operate. One way to assist in the maintenance of the display system is to monitor the power at each panel to determine if any of the panels has failed.
The sending card 1810 may include an inbound network interface controller, a processor for processing, an outbound network interface controller for communicating with the data receiver boxes 1400 using a specific physical layer and data link layer standards. Display packets (media packaged as data packets intended for display) received at the inbound network interface controller may be processed at the processor and routed to the outbound network interface controller. The display packets may be buffered in a memory within the sending card 1810 if necessary. As an illustration, the processor in the sending card 1810 may perform functions such as routing table maintenance, path computations, and reachability propagation. The inbound network interface controller and the outbound network interface controller include adapters that perform inbound and outbound packet forwarding.
As an illustration, the sending card 1810 may include a route processor 1811, which is used for computing the routing table, maintenance using routing protocols, and routing table lookup for a particular destination.
The sending card 1810 further may include multiple interface network controllers as described above. As an example, the inbound network interface controller may include an inbound packet forwarder 1812 to receive the display packet at an interface unit while the outbound network interface controller may include an outbound packet forwarder 1813 to forward the display packet out of another interface unit. The circuitry for the inbound packet forwarder 1812 and the outbound packet forwarder 1813 may be implemented separately in different chips or on the same chip in one or more embodiments.
The sending card 1810 also includes an optional packet processor 1814 for performing non-routing functions relating to the processing of the packet and a memory 1815, for example, for route caching. For example, the packet processor 1814 may also perform media encoding in some embodiments. Additionally, in some embodiments, the sending card 1810 may include a high performance switch that enables them to exchange data and control messages between the inbound and the outbound network interface controllers. The communication between the various components of the sending card 1810 may be through a bus 1816.
Referring to
The data receiver box 1400 comprises an interface unit 1910 that receives the network data according to the internet protocol, e.g., TCP/IP. The data receiver box 1400 may include a designated IP address and therefore receives the output of the controller 1800 that is specifically sent to it. In case the controller 1800 and the data receiver box 1400 are part of the same local area network (LAN), the data receiver box 1400 may also receive data designated towards other similar data receiver boxes in the network. However, the interface unit 1910 is configured to select data based on the IP address and ignore data destined to other boxes. The interface unit 1910 includes necessary interface controllers, and may include circuitry for up-converting and down-converting signals.
The power management unit 1920 receives an ac input power for powering the data receiver box 1400 as well as the corresponding display panels 1350 that are controlled by the data receiver box 1400. In one embodiment, the power management unit 1920 comprises a switched mode power supply unit for providing power to the display panels 1350. The power management unit 1920 may be placed inside a faraday cage to minimize RF interference to other components. In various embodiments, the output from the power management unit 1920 is isolated from the input, which is connected to the AC mains. Accordingly, in various embodiments, the power management unit 1920 comprises a transformer. The primary side of the transformer is coupled to the AC mains whereas the secondary side of the transformer is coupled to the components of the data receiver box 1400. The power management unit 1920 may also include a control loop for controlling the output voltage. Depending on the output current and/or voltage, the primary side may be regulated.
As examples, in one or more embodiments, the power management unit 1920 may comprise flyback, half-bridge, full-bridge, or push-pull topologies.
The signal processing unit 1930 receives the media packets from the interface unit 1910. The signal processing unit 1930 may be configured to process media packets so as to distribute the media packets through parallel paths. In one or more embodiments, the signal processing unit 1930 may be configured to decode the media packets and encode them into another format, for example.
The system management unit 1940 receives the parallel paths of the media packets and combines with the power from the power management unit 1920. For example, the media packets destined for different rows of the display panels may be forwarded through different output paths using different integrated power and data cables 1860. The power for powering the display panels from the power management unit 1920 is also combined with the media packets and transmitted through the integrated power and data cables 1860.
Referring to
Referring to
In various embodiments, the endpoints of the input cable 1360 is opposite to the endpoints of the output cable 1365 so that they may be interlocked together or interlocked with an adjacent panel. For example, the endpoint of the integrated data and power input cable 1360 is interlocked with an endpoint of an integrated data and power output cable 1365 of an adjacent panel, for example, as illustrated in
In one embodiment, a subset of the endpoints of the input cable 1360 is a male type pin while a remaining subset of the endpoints of the input cable 1360 is a female type pin. This advantageously allows the electrical connection to be made securely.
Referring to
The diameters of the plurality of first openings 2020 and the plurality of second openings 2030 may be different to account for the different currents being carried through each.
The plurality of first openings 2020 and the plurality of second openings 2030 are formed inside a first protruding section 2070 that is configured to lock inside a second protruding section 2170 of another connector. The enclosing material 2040 provide insulation and protection against external elements such as water.
A sealing cover 1380 is configured to lock with the another connector and configured to prevent moisture from reaching inside the connector
As further illustrated in
Similar to
Referring to
As illustrated in
Referring to
Although the preferred embodiment has been described in detail, it should be understood that various changes, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
This application is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/885,284 filed on Jan. 31, 2018, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/866,294 filed on Jan. 9, 2018, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/369,304 filed on Dec. 5, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/162,439 filed on May 23, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,513,863, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/850,632 filed on Sep. 10, 2015, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 filed on Jul. 28, 2014, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,134,773. All of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/025,463, filed on Jul. 16, 2014 and also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/922,631, filed on Dec. 31, 2013, which applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. This application is also a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/881,524 filed on Jan. 26, 2018, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/866,294 filed on Jan. 9, 2018, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/369,304 filed on Dec. 5, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/162,439 filed on May 23, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,513,863, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/850,632 filed on Sep. 10, 2015, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 filed on Jul. 28, 2014, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,134,773. All of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/025,463, filed on Jul. 16, 2014 and also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/922,631, filed on Dec. 31, 2013, which applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. This application is also a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/989,461 filed on May 25, 2018, which is a continuation of application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/881,394, filed on Jan. 26, 2018, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,984,603, which is a continuation application of Ser. No. 15/369,304 filed on Dec. 5, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/162,439, filed on May 23, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,513,863, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/850,632 filed on Sep. 10, 2015, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 filed on Jul. 28, 2014, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,134,773. All of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/025,463, filed on Jul. 16, 2014 and also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/922,631, filed on Dec. 31, 2013, which applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. This application is also a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/989,526 filed on May 25, 2018, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/881,394 filed on Jan. 26, 2018, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,984,603, which is a continuation application of Ser. No. 15/369,304 filed on Dec. 5, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/162,439 filed on May 23, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,513,863, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/850,632 filed on Sep. 10, 2015, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 filed on Jul. 28, 2014, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,134,773. All of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/025,463, filed on Jul. 16, 2014 and also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/922,631, filed on Dec. 31, 2013, which applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. This application is also a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/004,084 filed on Jun. 8, 2018, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/962,572 filed Apr. 25, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/885,284 filed Jan. 31, 2018, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/866,294 filed on Jan. 9, 2018, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294, which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/369,304 filed on Dec. 5, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 15/162,439 filed on May 23, 2016, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,513,863, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/850,632 filed on Sep. 10, 2015, now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, which is a continuation application of U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719, filed on Jul. 28, 2014 now issued as U.S. Pat. No. 9,134,773. All of the above applications are incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. U.S. application Ser. No. 14/444,719 claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 62/025,463, filed on Jul. 16, 2014 and also claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/922,631, filed on Dec. 31, 2013, which applications are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entirety. U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/328,624, filed Jul. 10, 2014, also claims priority to U.S. Provisional Application No. 61/922,631 and is also incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. The following patents and applications are related: U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/962,572, filed Apr. 25, 2018 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/926,772, filed Mar. 20, 2018 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/885,284, filed Jan. 31, 2018 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/881,524, filed Jan. 26, 2018 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/881,394, filed Jan. 26, 2018 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/880,295, filed Jan. 25, 2018 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/866,294, filed Jan. 9, 2018 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/331,681, filed Oct. 21, 2016 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/341,678, filed Jul. 25, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,195,281)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/948,939, filed Nov. 23, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,535,650)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/396,102, filed Dec. 30, 2016 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,642,272)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/582,059, filed Apr. 28, 2017 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,832,897)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/802,241, filed Nov. 2, 2017 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/444,719, filed Jul. 28, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,134,773)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/850,632, filed Sep. 10, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/162,439, filed May 23, 2016 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,513,863)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/369,304, filed Dec. 5, 2016 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/444,775, filed Jul. 28, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,081,552)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/627,923, filed Feb. 20, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,131,600)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/829,469, filed Aug. 18, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,226,413)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/981,561, filed Dec. 28, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,372,659)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/444,747, filed Jul. 28, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,069,519)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/550,685, filed Nov. 21, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,582,237)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/641,130, filed Mar. 6, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,164,722)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 15/409,288, filed Jan. 18, 2017 (co-pending)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/582,908, filed Dec. 24, 2014 (now U.S. Pat. No. 9,416,551)U.S. patent application Ser. No. 14/641,189, filed Mar. 6, 2015 (now U.S. Pat. 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| “Exhibit 34 of Respondents' Combined Supplemental Responses to Opening Contention Interrogatories,” Re: Certain Modular LED Display Panels and Components Thereof, Ultravision Technologies, Inc. v. Adduci, Mastriani and Schaumberg, L.L.P., United States International Trade Commission, IITC Inv. No. 337-TA-1114, Sep. 21, 2018, 13 pages. |
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| “Exhibit 1001, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 83 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1002, Part 1 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 200 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1002, Part 2 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 200 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1002, Part 3 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 194 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1004, Part 1 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 200 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1004, Part 2 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 200 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1004, Part 3 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 227 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1005, Declaration of Richard A. Flasck,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 101 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1007, Curriculum Vitae of Richard A. Flasck,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 7 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1008, JP P2001-337626 A,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 21 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1009, KR 2002-0069818 A,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 28 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1011, JP P2003-92195 A,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 12 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1013, WO 02/23956 A2,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 20 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1014, Joint Claim Construction Chart, Investigation No. 337-TA-1114,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 19 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1015, Webster's New College Dictionary, Third Edition,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 5 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1016, OSRAM, Technical Application Guide, IP Codes in Accordance with IEC 60529,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 9 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1017, Barco, LED Displays,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 1 page. |
| “Exhibit 1018, Mitsubishi Electric, Diamond Vision Systems,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 2 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1019, Daktronics, Reinventing the Way you Display since 1938,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 7 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1020, Songhan, Plastic Technology Co., Ltd., Master Bond EP30LV-1 Ultra Low Viscosity, Two Part Epoxy System,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 3 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1021, Master Bond, Low Shrinkage Clear Epoxy Assures Precision,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 3 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1022, U.S. Appl. No. 2013/0182440,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-01123, May 23, 2019, 48 pgs. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 85 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1002, Part 1 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 200 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1002, Part 2 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 200 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1002, Part 3 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 194 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1003, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 85 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1004, Part 1 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 200 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1004, Part 2 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 200 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1004, Part 3 of 3, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 227 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1006, Declaration of Richard A. Flasck,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 100 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1007, Curriculum Vitae of Richard A. Flasck,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 7 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1008, JP P2001-337626 A,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 21 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1009, KR 2002-0069818 A,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 28 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1010, CN 102930785 A,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 26 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1011, JP P2003-92195 A,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 12 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1012, CN 2834111 Y,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 22 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1013, WO 02/23956 A2,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 20 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1014, Joint Claim Construction Chart, Investigation No. 337-TA-1114,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 19 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1015, Webster's New College Dictionary, Third Edition,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 5 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1016, Osram, Technical Application Guide, IP Codes in Accordance with IEC 60529,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 9 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1017, Barco, LED Displays,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 1 page. |
| “Exhibit 1018, Mitsubishi Electric, Diamond Vision Systems,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 2 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1019, Daktronics, Reinventing the Way you Display since 1938,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 7 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1020, Songhan, Plastic Technology Co., Ltd., Master Bond EP30LV-1 Ultra Low Viscosity, Two Part Epoxy System,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 3 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1021, Master Bond, Low Shrinkage Clear Epoxy Assures Precision,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 3 pgs. |
| “Exhibit 1022, U.S. Appl. No. 2013/0182440,” Petition for Inter Partes Review, Re: NEC Display Solutions of America, Inc., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,916,782, Case No. IPR2019-01117, May 22, 2019, 48 pgs. |
| Decision Denying Institution of Inter Partes Review; Re: Shenzhen AOTO Electronics Co., Ltd.; Leyard Optoelectronic Co.; Shenzhen, Liantronics Co., Ltd.; Unilumin Group Co., Ltd.; Yaham Optoelectronics Co., Ltd.; and Ledman Optoelectronic Co., Ltd., United States Patent and Trademark Office, Before the Patent Trial and Appeal Board, U.S. Pat. No. 9,349,306, Case No. IPR2019-00347, May 24, 2019, 37 pgs. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, 90 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1001, Part 1, 40 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1001, Part 2, 34 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1001, Part 3, 12 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1003, 290 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1005, 178 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1006, 47 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1007, 14 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1008, 14 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1009, 13 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1010, 13 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1011, 20 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1012, 26 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1013, 5 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1016, 11 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1017, 32 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,978,294 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01050, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1018, 30 pages. |
| For Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, 83 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1002, 85 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1004, 304 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1005, 178 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1006, 47 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1007, 14 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1008, 14 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1009, 13 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1010, 13 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1011, 20 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1014, 26 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1016, 11 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1017, 32 pages. |
| Petition for Inter Partes Review of U.S. Pat. No. 9,990,869 by Glux Visual Effects Tech (Shenzhen) Co., Leyard Optoelectronic Co., Shenzhen Liantronics Co., Ltd., and Unilumin Group Co., Ltd., IPR Case No. IPR2020-01049, Jun. 5, 2020, Exhibit 1018, 30 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit 791-09, 38 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit 791-11, 39 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit 791-12, 28 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit 791-13, 38 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-04, 64 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-05, 56 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-07, 58 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-20, 68 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-21, 70 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-22, 74 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-23, 80 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-24, 75 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-28, 67 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-29, 81 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), 47 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit 791-04, 27 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit 791-05, 27 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit 791-08, 44 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-30, 83 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-31, 83 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-32, 67 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-47, 75 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-48, 71 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-49, 85 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-50, 78 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-08, 93 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-09, 52 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-10, 65 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-11, 59 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-12, 61 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-13, 83 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-16, 92 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-51, 89 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-52, 115 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-53, 405 pages. |
| Defendant Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd.'s Apr. 10, 2020 Preliminary Invalidity Contentions Pursuant to Patent Rules 3-3 and 3-4, Ultravision Technologies, LLC v. Samsung Electronics Co., Ltd., Case No. 2:19-cv-252 (E.D. Tex.), Exhibit WP-54, 549 pages. |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20190251879 A1 | Aug 2019 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 62025463 | Jul 2014 | US | |
| 61922631 | Dec 2013 | US |
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| Child | 16396011 | US | |
| Parent | 15866294 | Jan 2018 | US |
| Child | 15885284 | US | |
| Parent | 15369304 | Dec 2016 | US |
| Child | 15866294 | US | |
| Parent | 15162439 | May 2016 | US |
| Child | 15369304 | US | |
| Parent | 14850632 | Sep 2015 | US |
| Child | 15162439 | US | |
| Parent | 14444719 | Jul 2014 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US | |
| Parent | 16396011 | Apr 2019 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US | |
| Parent | 15881524 | Jan 2018 | US |
| Child | 16396011 | US | |
| Parent | 15866294 | Jan 2018 | US |
| Child | 15881524 | US | |
| Parent | 15369304 | Dec 2016 | US |
| Child | 15866294 | US | |
| Parent | 15162439 | May 2016 | US |
| Child | 15369304 | US | |
| Parent | 14850632 | Sep 2015 | US |
| Child | 15162439 | US | |
| Parent | 14444719 | Jul 2014 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US | |
| Parent | 16396011 | Apr 2019 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US | |
| Parent | 15989461 | May 2018 | US |
| Child | 16396011 | US | |
| Parent | 15881394 | Jan 2018 | US |
| Child | 15989461 | US | |
| Parent | 15369304 | Dec 2016 | US |
| Child | 15881394 | US | |
| Parent | 15162439 | May 2016 | US |
| Child | 15369304 | US | |
| Parent | 14850632 | Sep 2015 | US |
| Child | 15162439 | US | |
| Parent | 14444719 | Jul 2014 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US | |
| Parent | 16396011 | Apr 2019 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US | |
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| Parent | 15881394 | Jan 2018 | US |
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| Parent | 15369304 | Dec 2016 | US |
| Child | 15881394 | US | |
| Parent | 15162439 | May 2016 | US |
| Child | 15369304 | US | |
| Parent | 14850632 | Sep 2015 | US |
| Child | 15162439 | US | |
| Parent | 14444719 | Jul 2014 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US | |
| Parent | 16396011 | Apr 2019 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US | |
| Parent | 16004084 | Jun 2018 | US |
| Child | 16396011 | US | |
| Parent | 15962572 | Apr 2018 | US |
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| Parent | 15885284 | Jan 2018 | US |
| Child | 15962572 | US | |
| Parent | 15866294 | Jan 2018 | US |
| Child | 15885284 | US | |
| Parent | 15369304 | Dec 2016 | US |
| Child | 15866294 | US | |
| Parent | 15162439 | May 2016 | US |
| Child | 15369304 | US | |
| Parent | 14850632 | Sep 2015 | US |
| Child | 15162439 | US | |
| Parent | 14444719 | Jul 2014 | US |
| Child | 14850632 | US |
