The invention concerns a secure electronic entity, such as in particular a passport with an electronic security device.
There are known (for example from patent application WO 02/089052) passports comprising an electronic device constituted of an antenna and an electronic module connected to said antenna, said device most often being enclosed within the cover of the passport.
The electronic module generally comprises a microcircuit of the microprocessor type, taking the form of an integrated circuit. Connecting terminals of the microcircuit are then connected to the antenna by means of conductive members, for example of the metallic contact or wire type.
A first embodiment represented in
Another embodiment, represented in
Given the increased thickness induced by the presence of the grid 2′, this
Differing in this respect from the
The production of such devices must respond to many security rules that have been established to limit the possibility of fraudulent microchip cards and passports. Certain of these rules seek to limit the possibilities of visual access to the active face of the integrated circuit and stipulate that this face must be covered with a resin that is opaque to luminous radiation in the visible spectrum. Accordingly, if the electronic module had just been separated from its support, direct observation would not be possible without chemically dissolving or mechanically ripping off the opaque resin, which adds a further difficulty for the fraudster and increases the risk of destruction of the microprocessor.
This known solution, which consists in using opaque (often black) resins to conceal the active face of the microprocessor, is particularly efficacious in the case of modules connected by soldered wires as shown in
It is nevertheless possible to envisage eliminating only a portion of the opaque resin, through a mechanical or chemical process, in order to reduce its thickness significantly, without compromising the mechanical integrity of the microprocessor. The residual thickness of opaque resin will then not enable sufficient absorption of light rays to mask the active face.
Moreover, in the case of a flip-chip type mounting, the underfill resin 9′ covering the active face has a very small thickness, of the order of 20 to 50 μm. In particular, in the case of direct mounting on an antenna deposited on a paper support such as the internal face of a passport cover, there is deformation of the support under the active face of the microprocessor leaving room for only a very thin thickness of underfill, as shown in
An object of the invention is a secure electronic entity of the microcircuit type, in particular of the “flip-chip” mounted microcircuit passport type, capable of resisting better than the solutions cited above an attempt at intrusion, in particular by mechanical aggression or by light.
In order in particular to solve these problems, the invention proposes a secure electronic entity including a support and a microcircuit having at least one active face partly covered with a resin, in which at least one distinct member masks at least a portion of the active face, characterized in that said member is more strongly joined to the resin than to the support.
At the time of a mechanical attack on the entity, for example by peeling or scraping the support, the distinct member therefore remains attached to the assembly formed by the resin and the microcircuit.
The visual masking of the active face of the microcircuit by this distinct member therefore continues to be assured even in the event of this kind of attack.
This advantage may be obtained in the configuration of
According to one particularly advantageous embodiment, the masking member is at least in part constituted by a conductive member in electrical contact with at least one connecting terminal of the microcircuit.
Thus a conductor is used to effect the masking of the active face the usual role whereof is to establish an electrical connection with the microcircuit.
It may nevertheless be remarked that the principle of the invention here is not, in the event of an attempt at intrusion, to interrupt the electrical connection produced by the conductor, but to the contrary to continue to prevent visual access to the active face of the microcircuit if the support is eliminated.
This solution therefore does not require that the conductor condition the internal operation of the microcircuit. It is nevertheless equally usable in this latter case.
A conductor that does not condition the internal operation of the microcircuit is for example an antenna with no feeder function or a screen (as opposed to a member connected to the power supply of the microcircuit that naturally conditions its internal operation).
The invention proposed here could nevertheless be combined with another solution for protecting the electronic entity against attacks; there could thus be provided within the “distinct masking member” other conductive members, which as for them would be easily broken in the event of a mechanical attack.
Generally speaking, according to advantageous features of the invention, where applicable combined:
Objects, characteristics and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description, given by way of illustrative nonlimiting examples with reference to the appended drawings in which:
A first embodiment of the invention is represented in
According to the detailed representation of these figures, a secure entity of the microcircuit type includes a support 11, for example formed by a portion of the cardboard cover of a passport, which carries on one of its faces, preferably its internal face, an antenna 12 two terminations 13 whereof in particular are visible in the figures.
The antenna 12 is for example produced by means of a conductive ink, which may be deposited by screen printing.
A microcircuit 14, here a microprocessor, is mounted on the support 11 by a mounting of the flip-chip type, i.e. the active face 15 of the microcircuit 14 faces in the direction of the face of the support 11 that carries the antenna 12.
It is recalled that the active face is the face that includes the electrical connection areas and the functional units (for example the memory units) of the microcircuit. Visual access to this face can therefore enable a fraudster to interfere with the operation of the microcircuit, for example by subjecting it to light of high intensity (flash, laser).
This face of the support 11 and the active face 15 are therefore essentially parallel, face to face and situated at a very small distance from each other, in general at a distance of a few tens of microns.
The interstice formed in this way between the active face 15 and the support 11 is filled in part with a resin 16, called underfill resin, which thus covers, at least in part, the active face 15 of the microcircuit 14.
The microcircuit 14 and the portions of the antenna 12 that juxtapose it may furthermore be coated with an encapsulation (or protection) resin 17.
Each termination 13 of the antenna 12 is connected electrically to a connection pin (or terminal) of the microcircuit 14 by means of a conductive boss 18.
In the example represented, the terminations 13 mask a portion of the surface of the active face 15 that is sufficiently large to prevent any significant visual observation of the latter. The masked area represents for example at least 90% of the active area. It is thus seen that these terminations 13 are here large areas, much larger than the conductors of which they constitute the extremities. The areas are, generally speaking, conformed to mask the most sensitive zones of the active surface, such as memories, in particular volatile memories of the RAM type. These large areas here have an area greater than the total area of the active face, being separated by a slot of just sufficient width, for example from 100 μm to 2 mm, to avoid a short-circuit. In a variant that is not shown, these terminations 13 have a smaller size, but a distinct masking member of these conductors is disposed facing this active face, in the same plane as the plane of the terminations 13, or in a different, for example lower, plane.
Moreover, the terminations 13 have an adhesion to the underfill resin 16 that is greater than their adhesion to the support 1. Accordingly, the terminations 13 are joined more strongly to the underfill resin 16 than to the support 11, in particular if these members are subjected to tearing off forces.
A good adhesion between the terminations 13, produced by means of conductive inks, and the underfill resin 16 is obtained by using inks and an underfill resin of similar chemical kinds, for example, whereas the chemical nature of the ink is chosen to be different from that of the material of the support 11 (generally paper or thermoplastic). Thus the use of an ink composed of solvents and resins will naturally lead to good adhesion between the ink and the underfill resins through chemical affinity.
It is to be noted that in the case of an antenna 12 of conductive ink deposited on a thermoplastic (for example PVC) support 11, the above effect is reinforced by the fact that conductive inks often adhere weakly to this type of support.
The removal of the paper support 1 from the passport, by peeling or scratching, as illustrated diagrammatically in
The terminations 3 of the antenna 2 thus mask visually the active face 5 of the microcircuit 4 as would a thick opaque resin, even if the support 1 is torn off. In other words, in the event of an attempt at tearing off, the masking members (here the terminations 13) remain attached to the microcircuit and thus guarantee continued masking of the active face.
It is equally possible to use an underfill that is partially absorbed by the paper support. In this case, the level of penetration of said underfill will be situated below the antenna-paper interface, thus facilitating the incorporation of the terminations of the antenna into the rigid block constituted by the integrated circuit, the underfill and the protection resin. In
In the case of a metallic antenna in copper or aluminum, certain treatments such as CORONA discharge or LASER may be utilized on the surface of the termination in order to increase their adhesion to the underfill.
In a variant represented in
However, in both cases, the layer 29 or 29′ will enable detachment of the antenna terminations 23 from the support rather than from the underfill.
In another variant, the layer 29 of electrically insulating material from
The invention is not limited to the embodiments that have just been described. For example, the electronic entity may be a microcircuit card; in this context,
Number | Date | Country | Kind |
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04 04568 | Apr 2004 | FR | national |
Filing Document | Filing Date | Country | Kind | 371c Date |
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PCT/FR2005/001002 | 4/22/2005 | WO | 00 | 12/22/2006 |
Publishing Document | Publishing Date | Country | Kind |
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WO2005/116920 | 12/8/2005 | WO | A |
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