This description relates to semiconductor packages having a lead frame with retaining features that are adapted to receive molding compound.
Due to the trend toward miniaturization of electronic products, such as mobile phones, tablets, digital cameras, and the like, there has been a trend in semiconductor package manufacturing towards smaller and more densely packed semiconductor structures and semiconductor layers. Generally, semiconductor packages are built on a leadframe formed from a conductive material. The leadframe carries signals from the die to the semiconductor package or to different chips, used in a dual in-line package (DIP), quad flat package (QFP), and other semiconductor packages.
A first example is related to an integrated circuit (IC) package. The IC package includes a leadframe of a conductive material including a die attach pad and a lead finger separated from an edge of the die attach pad. The leadframe has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The IC package also includes retaining features on the lead finger at the second surface. The IC package further includes a die on the first surface at the die attach pad. The IC package yet further includes a molding compound that encapsulates the leadframe and the die and extends into and/or around the retaining features.
A second example is related to a method of forming an integrated circuit (IC). The method includes providing a leadframe of a conductive material including a lead finger and a die attach pad separated by a distance. The leadframe has a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. The method also includes forming retaining features in the second surface of the leadframe at the lead finger that are adapted to receive molding compound. The retaining features are formed by adding and/or removing material with respect to the second surface.
A third example is related to a device. The device includes a sheet of a conductive material having a first surface and a second surface opposite the first surface. Fabrication features extend in a first direction along at least one of the first and second surfaces. The sheet includes a die attach pad and a plurality of lead fingers. The plurality of lead fingers are spaced apart from and surrounding the die attach pad. An arrangement of retaining features are formed in at least one lead finger of the lead fingers extending along a second direction that is approximately perpendicular to the first direction.
This description relates to forming retaining features at a surface of a leadframe to help reduce delamination of molding compound of a packaged semiconductor device. The retaining features are adapted to receive or otherwise interlock with the molding compound and provide additional surface area for improving adhesion of the molding compound to the leadframe. The retaining features may be arranged amongst the fabrication features on the surface of the leadframe. For example, the retaining features are arranged to extend in a direction transverse relative to a direction of the fabrication feature to increase the mechanical interlocking force. As described herein, the retaining features can be formed with various shapes and sizes to increase adhesion by providing a mechanical interlocking structure for molding compound applied to form to the semiconductor package.
The leadframe 102 defines a plane extending through the leadframe 102. In some examples, the leadframe 102 includes a die attach pad 110 spaced apart from one or more lead fingers 112. For example, a plurality of lead fingers 112 can be disposed around (e.g., circumscribe) the die attach pad 110. The die attach pad 110 provides an electrical connection between the die 106 and the lead finger 112. During packaging, the semiconductor device 100 is singulated such that the lead finger 112 forms a lead exposed to an external environment. The leads of the singulated semiconductor device 100 enable the die 106 to be electrically coupled with one or more other electrical components external to the semiconductor device 100.
The lead finger 112 is separated from an edge of the die attach pad 110 by a distance in a first direction 114 and coplanar with the plane of the leadframe 102. Although shown with one lead finger 112 in
The leadframe 102, and therefore the die attach pad 110 and the lead finger 112, have a first surface 118 and an opposing second surface 120. A metal contact layer 104 is formed on the first surface 118 of the die attach pad 110 of the leadframe 102. The metal contact layer 104 can extend to the periphery of the die attach pad 110 and the lead finger 112. The metal contact layer 104 may additionally or alternatively include an oxidation layer or laminate layer.
An arrangement of retaining features 122 is formed on the leadframe 102 at the second surface 120. The arrangement of retaining features 122 are configured to provide structure that the molding compound can bond with to increase adhesion therebetween and reduce delamination of the molding compound from the lead frame, particularly at the lead fingers 112. As described herein, the retaining features can have different shapes and/or sizes. In the example of
The retaining features 122 may be formed in sets. For example, a set of retaining features includes at least one retaining feature. While the retaining features 122 are shown as an array of retaining features in
Because the lead finger 112 is separated from the die attach pad 110 by a distance and is exposed to the external environment during singulation, the lead finger 112 is more prone to delamination. Accordingly, in one example, the retaining features 122 are formed as a first set of retaining features 124 at the second surface 120 of the lead finger 112, but the retaining features 122 are not formed at the second surface 120 of the die attach pad 110. Alternatively, or additionally, the retaining features 122 are formed as the first set of retaining features 124 and a second set of retaining features 126. The second set of retaining features is formed on at least a portion of the second surface 120 of the die attach pad 110. In some examples, the second set of retaining features 126 is formed in the second surface 120 even if the first set of retaining features 124 is not formed. Whether a first set of retaining features 124, a second set of retaining features 126, or both are formed is based on the application of the semiconductor device 100, the location of fabrication features at the second surface 120 of the leadframe 102, type of the molding compound 108, and/or the formation techniques used to form the retaining features 122.
The retaining features 122 are formed to be adapted to receive the molding compound 108 and increase the surface area of the second surface 120. The additional surface area provides increased adhesion between the leadframe 102 and the molding compound 108. Additionally, the arrangement of fabrication features that may be formed on the second surface 120 tend to contribute to delamination. For example, a fabrication feature positioned at an edge of the lead finger 112 causes a seam at the interface between the leadframe 102 and the molding compound 108. The seam creates an increased likelihood of delamination. Accordingly, the fabrication features extend in the first direction 114, and the retaining features include spaced apart grooves that extend longitudinally along the lead finger 112 at the second surface 120 in the second direction 116 (e.g., shown extending into the page) approximately perpendicular to the first direction 114 of the fabrication features. In one example, the retaining features 122 are formed to extend in the second direction 116 and positioned amongst the fabrication features. The perpendicular placement of the retaining features 122 relative to the fabrication features provides a mechanical interlocking force that reduces delamination. Consequently, the retaining features 122 reduce the number of failures caused by delamination and increase production yield.
The placement of the fabrication features in the first direction 114 and the retaining features in the second direction 116 is an example of the perpendicular relative placement of the fabrication features and the retaining features 122. The fabrication features and the retaining features 122 may be formed in any approximately perpendicular arrangement with respect to the fabrication features at the second surface 120. As described herein, the retaining features are not limited to being arranged approximately perpendicular to the fabrication features, and can be formed with nearly any arrangement at the second surface 120 configured to promote adhesion with the molding compound.
As shown in
Widths of the retaining feature 202, defined in a lateral direction, are defined by the separation between the opposing sidewalls 208 and 210 of respective retaining features. In some examples, the widths of the retaining feature 202 include a first width 212 defined by the distance between sidewalls at second surface 206. For example, the first width 212 is continuous with the second surface 206. A second width 214 is at a first depth from the second surface 206. Accordingly, the first width 212 is proximal the second surface 206 and the second width 214 is distal the second surface 206. In
The opposing sidewalls 208 and 210 are tapered. For example, the first sidewall 208 forms a first angle with the second surface 206 and the second sidewall 210 forms a second angle with the second surface 206. The first angle and the second angle may be the same or different. The first angle and/or the second angle are angles between 30 degrees and 89 degrees. In some examples, the first sidewall 208 and the second sidewall 210 extend toward each other and converge at a point spaced from the second surface 206.
In
In
As shown in
Furthermore, various cross-sectional shapes are used for the retaining features. The cross-sectional shapes of the retaining features may be based on the application of the semiconductor device (e.g., the semiconductor device 100 of
At 302, the method 300 includes providing a leadframe (e.g., the leadframe 102 of
A leadframe 500 (e.g., the leadframe 102 of
At 304, the method 300 includes forming retaining features in the second surface of the leadframe at the lead finger that are adapted to adhere to molding compound. As shown in the example of
As described herein, the retaining features 602 can have a variety of shapes. In some examples, the retaining features 602 are spaced apart voids or recesses that extend a depth from the second surface 404 towards the first surface 402. Accordingly, the retaining features may include voids. The depth of the void of the retaining features 602 can be less than or equal to approximately 40% of a thickness of the leadframe 500. In one example, the retaining features 602 have a cross-sectional V-shape. For example, the V-shaped retaining features 602 has spaced apart sidewalls that are tapered along a direction extending from the second surface 404 towards the first surface 402.
Because fabrication features 406 are present on the second surface 404, the retaining features 602 are arranged amongst the fabrication features 406. In one example, the fabrication features 406 extend in a first direction 606 (e.g., the first direction 114 of
At 306, the method 300 includes affixing a die to the first surface. The die is affixed to the die attach pad 502 with a bond layer. As shown in the example of
At 308, the method 300 includes attaching bond wires from the die to the lead finger. For example,
At 310, the method 300 includes providing a molding compound to at least partially encapsulate the semiconductor device. For example,
In this description, unless otherwise stated, “about,” “approximately” or “substantially” preceding a parameter means being within +/−10 percent of that parameter. Modifications are possible in the described embodiments, and other embodiments are possible, within the scope of the claims.
In this description, the term “couple” can cover connections, communications, or signal paths that enable a functional relationship consistent with this description. For example, if device A generates a signal to control device B to perform an action: (a) in a first example, device A is coupled to device B by direct connection; or (b) in a second example, device A is coupled to device B through intervening component C if intervening component C does not alter the functional relationship between device A and device B, such that device B is controlled by device A via the control signal generated by device A.
In this description, a device that is “configured to” perform a task or function can be configured (e.g., programmed and/or hardwired) at a time of manufacturing by a manufacturer to perform the function and/or can be configurable (or reconfigurable) by a user after manufacturing to perform the function and/or other additional or alternative functions. The configuring can be through firmware and/or software programming of the device, through a construction and/or layout of hardware components and interconnections of the device, or a combination thereof. Furthermore, a circuit or device that is described herein as including certain components can instead be configured to couple to those components to form the described circuitry or device. For example, a structure described herein as including one or more semiconductor elements (such as transistors), one or more passive elements (such as resistors, capacitors, and/or inductors), and/or one or more sources (such as voltage and/or current sources) can instead include only the semiconductor elements within a single physical device (e.g., a semiconductor die and/or integrated circuit (IC) package) and can be configured to couple to at least some of the passive elements and/or the sources to form the described structure, either at a time of manufacture or after a time of manufacture, such as by an end-user and/or a third-party.
The phrase “based on” means “based at least in part on”. Therefore, if X is based on Y, X can be a function of Y and any number of other factors.
Modifications are possible in the described embodiments, and other embodiments are possible, within the scope of the claims.