Patent Application
20220352129
The present disclosure relates, in general, to electronic devices, and more particularly, to semiconductor devices and methods for manufacturing semiconductor devices.
Prior semiconductor packages and methods for forming semiconductor packages are inadequate, for example resulting in excess cost, decreased reliability, relatively low performance, or package sizes that are too large. Further limitations and disadvantages of conventional and traditional approaches will become apparent to one of skill in the art, through comparison of such approaches with the present disclosure and reference to the drawings.
The following discussion provides various examples of semiconductor devices and methods of manufacturing semiconductor devices. Such examples are non-limiting, and the scope of the appended claims should not be limited to the particular examples disclosed. In the following discussion, the terms “example” and “e.g.” are non-limiting.
The figures illustrate the general manner of construction, and descriptions and details of well-known features and techniques may be omitted to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the present disclosure. In addition, elements in the drawing figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. For example, the dimensions of some of the elements in the figures may be exaggerated relative to other elements to help improve understanding of the examples discussed in the present disclosure. The same reference numerals in different figures denote the same elements.
The term “or” means any one or more of the items in the list joined by “or”. As an example, “x or y” means any element of the three-element set {(x), (y), (x, y)}. As another example, “x, y, or z” means any element of the seven-element set {(x), (y), (z), (x, y), (x, z), (y, z), (x, y, z)}.
The terms “comprises,” “comprising,” “includes,” and/or “including,” are “open ended” terms and specify the presence of stated features, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features. The terms “first,” “second,” etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, and these elements should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element from another. Thus, for example, a first element discussed in this disclosure could be termed a second element without departing from the teachings of the present disclosure.
Unless specified otherwise, the term “coupled” may be used to describe two elements directly contacting each other or describe two elements indirectly connected by one or more other elements. For example, if element A is coupled to element B, then element A can be directly contacting element B or indirectly connected to element B by an intervening element C. Similarly, the terms “over” or “on” may be used to describe two elements directly contacting each other or describe two elements indirectly connected by one or more other elements. Geometrical descriptive terms, such as coplanar, planar, perpendicular, vertical, horizontal, among others, encompass not only such exact terms, but also substantial approximations of such terms, for example, within manufacturing tolerances.
In one example, a semiconductor structure comprises a redistribution structure comprising a conductive structure, a cavity substrate on a top side of the redistribution structure and having a cavity and a pillar contacting the redistribution structure, an electronic component on the top surface of the redistribution structure and in the cavity, wherein the electronic component is electrically coupled with the conductive structure, and an encapsulant in the cavity and on the top side of the redistribution structure, contacting a lateral side of the electronic component, a lateral side of the cavity, and a lateral side of the pillar.
In another example, a method to manufacture a semiconductor structure comprises providing a cavity substrate having a cavity and a substrate interconnect, placing an electronic component having a component interconnect in the cavity of the cavity substrate, providing an encapsulant in the cavity on a top side of the cavity substrate and contacting a lateral side of the electronic component, the substrate interconnect, and the component interconnect, and providing a redistribution structure on the top side of the cavity substrate, wherein the redistribution structure has a conductive structure coupled with the substrate interconnect.
In a further example, a semiconductor structure comprises a first semiconductor device comprising a redistribution structure comprising a conductive structure, a first substrate on a top side of the redistribution structure and having a cavity and a pillar contacting the redistribution structure, an electronic component on the top surface of the redistribution structure and in the cavity, wherein the electronic component is electrically coupled with the conductive structure via a component interconnect, and an encapsulant in the cavity and on the top side of the redistribution structure bounding a lateral side of the electronic component and the pillar. The semiconductor structure also comprises a second semiconductor device on a top side of the first semiconductor device, wherein the second semiconductor device is electrically coupled with a substrate land on a top side of the first substrate.
In an additional example, a semiconductor structure comprises a frontside substrate comprising a conductive structure, a backside substrate comprising a base substrate and a cavity substrate contacting the base substrate, wherein the backside substrate is over a top side of the frontside substrate and has a cavity and an internal interconnect contacting the frontside substrate, and a first electronic component over the top side of the frontside substrate and in the cavity. The first electronic component is coupled with the conductive structure, and an encapsulant is in the cavity and on the top side of the frontside substrate, contacting a lateral side of the first electronic component, a lateral side of the cavity, and a lateral side of the internal interconnect. Other examples and related methods are also disclosed herein.
In another example, a method to manufacture a semiconductor structure comprises providing a backside substrate having a cavity and an internal interconnect, wherein the backside substrate comprises a base substrate and a cavity substrate contacting the base substrate, placing an electronic component having a component terminal in the cavity of the backside substrate, providing an encapsulant in the cavity on a top side of the backside substrate and contacting a lateral side of the electronic component, the internal interconnect, and the component terminal, and providing a frontside substrate over the top side of the backside substrate, wherein the frontside substrate has a conductive structure coupled with the internal interconnect.
In yet another example, a semiconductor structure comprises a first semiconductor device and a second semiconductor device over a top side of the first semiconductor device. The first semiconductor device comprises a frontside substrate comprising a conductive structure, a backside substrate comprising a base substrate and a cavity substrate adjacent to the base substrate, wherein the backside substrate is over a top side of the frontside substrate and has a cavity and an internal interconnect contacting the frontside substrate, a first electronic component over the top side of the frontside substrate and in the cavity, wherein the first electronic component is coupled with the conductive structure via a component terminal, and an encapsulant in the cavity and on the top side of the frontside substrate bounding a lateral side of the first electronic component and the internal interconnect. The second semiconductor device is coupled with a substrate land on a top side of the backside substrate.
Other examples are included in the present disclosure. Such examples may be found in the figures, in the claims, and/or in the description of the present disclosure.
Substrate 110 can comprise insulation layer 111, conductive pads 112 and 113, conductive path 114, dielectric layers 115 and 116 and substrate interconnects 117. Electronic component 120 can comprise component interconnects 122. Redistribution structure 140 can comprise dielectric structures 141 and 143 and conductive structures 142 and 144.
Substrate 110, encapsulant 130, redistribution structure 140 and external interconnects 150 can comprise or be referred to as semiconductor package 101 or package 101, and semiconductor package 101 can provide protection for electronic component 120 from external elements and/or environmental exposure. In addition, semiconductor package 101 can provide electrical coupling between an external component and electronic component 120.
In some examples, the top side of electronic component 120 can be coplanar with the top side of encapsulant 130. In some examples, coplanar can mean that the top side of electronic component can generally lie in the same plane as the top side of encapsulant 130 within manufacturing tolerance. For instance, the top side of electronic component 120 can protrude slightly above the top side of encapsulant 130, or the top side of electronic component 120 can be recessed slightly with respect to the top side of encapsulant 130, while remaining coplanar within such tolerance. It should be noted that these are merely examples describing the relationship between the top side of electronic component and the top side of encapsulant 130, and the scope of the disclosure is not limited in these respects.
In some examples, redistribution structure 140 can comprise a conductive structure 142 or 144, and substrate 110 can comprise a cavity substrate on a top side of redistribution structure 140 having a cavity 119 filled with encapsulant 130 and a pillar 117 contacting redistribution structure 140. Electronic component 120 can be on the top surface of redistribution structure 140 and in the cavity 119, wherein the electronic component 120 is electrically coupled with conductive structure 142 or 144. The encapsulant can be in the cavity 119 and on the top side of 140 redistribution structure, contacting a lateral side of the electronic component 120, a lateral side of the cavity 119, and a lateral side of the pillar 117.
In the example shown in
Carrier 10 can function to handle multiple components in an integrated manner for attaching substrate 110 to electronic component 120, forming encapsulant 130, and forming redistribution structure 140. Carrier 10 can be commonly applied to different examples disclosed in the present disclosure. Electronic component 120 can have a component interconnect 122 and can be placed in the cavity 119 of the cavity substrate 110. An encapsulant 130 can be provided in the cavity 119 on the top side of the cavity substrate 110 wherein the encapsulant 130 can contact a lateral side of the electronic component 120, a lateral side of the substrate interconnect 117, and a lateral side of the component interconnect 122. Redistribution structure 140 can then be provided on the top side of the cavity substrate 110. Redistribution structure 140 can have a conductive structure 144 or 144 coupled with the substrate interconnect 117.
Temporary bond layer 11 can be provided on a surface of carrier 10. Temporary bond layer 11 can be provided on the surface of carrier 10 using a coating process such as spin coating, doctor blade, casting, painting, spray coating, slot die coating, curtain coating, slide coating, or knife over edge coating; a printing process, such as screen printing, pad printing, gravure printing, flexographic coating or offset printing; an inkjet printing process; or direct attachment of an adhesive film or an adhesive tape. Temporary bond layer 11 can comprise or be referred to as a temporary adhesive film or a temporary adhesive tape. Temporary bond layer 11 can be, for example, but is not limited to, a thermally releasable film or an ultraviolet (UV) releasable film, which can be weakened in its bonding strength, or can be removed by, heat or UV irradiation. In some examples, temporary bond layer 11 can have a weakened bonding strength or can be removed by physical and/or chemical external forces. Temporary bond layer 11 can have a thickness in the range from approximately 50 micrometers (μm) to approximately 100 μm. Temporary bond layer 11 can allow carrier 10 to be separated after the formation of redistribution structure 140 which will later be described. Temporary bond layer 11 can be commonly applied to different examples disclosed in the present disclosure.
Substrate 110 having substrate interconnects 117 and defining cavity 119 can be attached to temporary bond layer 11. Substrate 110 can comprise insulation layer 111, conductive pads 112 and 113, conductive path 114, dielectric layers 115 and 116 and substrate interconnects 117. In some examples, at least one of conductive pads 112 and 113, conductive path 114, or dielectric layers 115 and 116 can be omitted. In addition, substrate 110 can comprise cavity 119 extending through a region between top surface 110b and bottom surface 110a.
In some examples, substrate 110 can comprise or be referred to as a printed circuit board (PCB), a cavity substrate, a printed wiring board, a multi-layered substrate, a through hole substrate, a rigid substrate, a flexible substrate, a glass epoxy substrate, a polyimide substrate, a polyester substrate, a molded plastic substrate, a ceramic substrate, an etched foil process substrate, an additive process substrate, a buildup substrate or a pre-molded lead frame. In some examples, a cavity substrate 110 can be provided having a cavity 119 and a substrate interconnect 117.
In some examples, insulation layer 111 can have top surface 111b and bottom surface 111a that are substantially planar. In some examples, insulation layer 111 can comprise or be referred to as a dielectric layer or a core layer. In some examples, insulation layer 111 can comprise epoxy resin, phenolic resin, glass epoxy, polyimide, polyester, an epoxy molding compound, or silicon resin, or ceramic. In some examples, insulation layer 111 can have a thickness in the range from approximately 10 μm to approximately 500 μm. Insulation layer 111 can maintain substrate 110 at a substantially planar state or can restrict bending, and also can provide insulation between conductors of substrate 110.
Conductive pads 112 can be formed on bottom surface 111a of insulation layer 111, and conductive pads 113 can be formed on top surface 111b of insulation layer 111. Conductive pads 112 and 113 can be formed on bottom surface 111a and top surface 111b of insulation layer 111 in a matrix configuration having rows and/or columns. In some examples, conductive pads 112 or 113 can comprise or be referred to as conductors, conductive material, substrate lands, conductive lands, substrate pads, wire pads, connection pads, micro pads, traces, or under-bump-metallurgies (UBMs). In some examples, substrate lands 112 and substrate pads 113 can comprise copper, iron, nickel, gold, silver, palladium, or tin. In some examples, substrate lands 112 and substrate pads 113 can have a thickness, width, and space in the range from approximately 50 μm to approximately 500 μm.
In some examples, conductive path 114 can electrically connect substrate lands 112 and substrate pads 113 while extending through insulation layer 111. In some examples, conductive path 114 can comprise or be referred to as a conductor, a conductive material, a conductive via, a circuit pattern, or a conductive post. In some examples, conductive path 114 can comprise copper, iron, nickel, gold, silver, palladium, or tin. In some examples, conductive path 114 can have a thickness in the range from approximately 10 μm to approximately 500 μm.
As shown in
In the example shown in
Substrate interconnects 117 can be formed on top surfaces of substrate pads 113. Like substrate pads 113, substrate interconnects 117 can be formed in a matrix configuration having rows or columns. Substrate interconnects 117 can be formed to upwardly extend from substrate pads 113. In some examples, substrate interconnects 117 can have a height in the range from approximately 0.1 mm to approximately 0.5 mm and a width in the range from approximately 0.2 mm to approximately 1 mm.
In some examples, substrate interconnects 117 can be formed by, but not limited to, electroplating, electroless plating, sputtering, PVD, CVD, MOCVD, ALD, LPCVD, or PECVD. In some examples, substrate interconnects 117 can comprise copper, gold, silver, palladium, nickel, or solder. Substrate interconnects 117 can comprise or be referred to as pillars, posts, columns, vias, vertical wires, bumps, or conductive paths. In some examples, substrate interconnects 117 can electrically and mechanically connect redistribution structure 140 to be described later to substrate 110.
Like terminals 121, component interconnects 122 can be formed in a matrix configuration having rows or columns. Component interconnects 122 can be formed to upwardly extend from terminals 121. In some examples, component interconnects 122 can have a height in the range from approximately 20 μm to approximately 150 μm and a width in the range from approximately 0.05 mm to approximately 1 mm. Component interconnects 122 are formed or provided during fabrication of wafer 120X, and sizes and widths of component interconnects 122 can be smaller than those of substrate interconnects 117.
In some examples, component interconnects 122 can be formed by, but not limited to, electroplating, electroless plating, sputtering, PVD, CVD, MOCVD, ALD, LPCVD, or PECVD. In some examples, component interconnects 122 can comprise copper, gold, silver, palladium, nickel, or solder. Component interconnects 122 can comprise or be referred to as pillars, posts, columns, bumps, or conductive paths. In some examples, component interconnects 122 can electrically and mechanically connect redistribution structure 140 to be described later to electronic component 120.
A bottom surface 120a of each of electronic components 120 having component interconnects 122 can be attached to carrier 10 shown in
Electronic component 120 can comprise or be referred to as a semiconductor die, a semiconductor chip, or a semiconductor package, such as a chip-scale package. In some examples, electronic component 120 can comprise at least one of an application specific integrated circuit, a logic die, a micro control unit, a memory, a digital signal processor, a network processor, a power management unit, an audio processor, a radio-frequency (RF) circuit, or a wireless baseband system on chip processor. Electronic component 120 can have a thickness in the range from approximately 50 μm to approximately 780 μm. Electronic component 120 can have a size in the range from approximately 3 mm to approximately 10 mm.
In some examples, encapsulant 130 can comprise or be referred to as an epoxy molding compound, an epoxy resin, a protective dielectric, or a sealant. In addition, in some examples, encapsulant 130 can comprise or be referred to as a molding part, a sealing part, an encapsulation part, a protection part, or a package body. In some examples, encapsulant 130 can comprise, but is not limited to, an organic resin, an inorganic filler, a curing agent, a catalyst, a coupling agent, a colorant, or a flame retardant. Encapsulant 130 can be formed by any of a variety of processes. In some examples, encapsulant 130 can be formed by, but not limited to, compression molding, transfer molding, liquid-phase encapsulant molding, vacuum lamination, paste printing, or film assist molding. Encapsulant 130 can have a thickness in the range from approximately 0.1 mm to approximately 1 mm. Encapsulant 130 can be formed to cover substrate 110 and electronic component 120 to protect substrate 110 and electronic component 120 from external elements and/or environmental exposure.
First dielectric structure 141 or second dielectric structure 143 can comprise or be referred to as a dielectric, a dielectric material, a dielectric layer, a passivation layer, an insulation layer or a protection layer. In some examples, first dielectric structure 141 or second dielectric structure 143 can comprise, but are not limited to, an electrically insulating material, such as a polymer, polyimide (PI), benzocyclobutene (BCB), polybenzoxazole (PBO), bismaleimide triazine (BT), a molding material, a phenolic resin, an epoxy, silicone, or an acrylate polymer. In addition, in some examples, first dielectric structure 141 or second dielectric structure 143 can be formed by any of a variety of processes. In some examples, first dielectric structure 141 or second dielectric structure 143 can be formed by spin coating, spray coating, printing, PVD, CVD, MOCVD, ALD, LPCVD, or PECVD. First dielectric structure (i.e., passivation layer) 141 or second dielectric structure 143 can have a thickness in the range from approximately 1 μm to approximately 20 μm.
In some examples, a mask pattern can be formed on a top surface of first dielectric structure 141, and areas of first dielectric structure 141 can then be removed by etching, forming apertures 141X and 141Y. Apertures 141X and 141Y can comprise or be referred to as openings or holes. First dielectric structure 141 can expose top surfaces 117b of substrate interconnects 117 through aperture 141X and can expose top surfaces 122b of component interconnects 122 through aperture 141Y. In some examples, a photoresist can be used as the mask pattern. Top surfaces 117b of substrate interconnects 117 and top surfaces 122b of component interconnects 122, which are exposed by apertures 141X and 141Y, can have circular, rectangular, or polygonal shapes.
Redistribution structure 140 can have first conductive structure 142 formed to cover top surface of first dielectric structure 141 and top surfaces 117b of substrate interconnects 117 and top surfaces 122b of component interconnects 122, which are exposed by apertures 141X and 141Y.
First conductive structure 142 can be formed with a multitude of conductors, traces, or patterns, and the respective conductors can be brought into contact with top surfaces 117b of substrate interconnects 117, or top surfaces 122b of component interconnects 122, as exposed by apertures 141X and 141Y. Conductors or first conductive structure 142 can be electrically connected to substrate 110 through substrate interconnects 117, or to electronic component 120 through component interconnects 122. First conductive structure 142 can comprise conductors 142X electrically connecting top surfaces 117b of substrate interconnects 117 with top surfaces 122b of component interconnects 122. Conductor 142X can extend from a point over electronic component 120 to a point over substrate 110 and can electrically connect electronic component 120 and substrate 110 to each other.
In some examples, first conductive structure 142 or second conductive structure 144 can comprise or be referred to as a conductor, a conductive material, a conductive layer, a redistribution layer (RDL), a wiring pattern, a trace pattern, or a circuit pattern. In some examples, conductor 142X can comprise or be referred to as a fan-out path, extending both within and past the footprint of electronic component 120. In some examples, first conductive structure 142 or second conductive structure 144 can be made from any of a variety of conductive materials including, for example, copper, gold, silver, or equivalents. First conductive structure 142 or second conductive structure can be formed by any of a variety of processes including, for example, sputtering, electroless plating, electroplating, PVD, CVD, MODVD, ALD, LPCVD, PECVD, or equivalents. First conductive structure 142 can be formed to a predetermined thickness to cover top surface of first dielectric structure 141, top surfaces 117b of substrate interconnects 117 and top surfaces 122b of component interconnects 122, which are exposed by apertures 141X and 141Y, and can be patterned through a mask pattern to define a multitude of conductors. First conductive structure 142 can have a thickness in the range from approximately 5 μm to approximately 50 μm.
Redistribution structure 140 can have second dielectric structure 143 formed to cover first dielectric structure 141 and first conductive structure 142 to a substantially uniform thickness. Apertures 143X exposing top surfaces 142b of first conductive structure 142 can be formed in second dielectric structure 143. Second dielectric structure 143 can also expose top surfaces of conductors 142X through apertures 143X. Second dielectric structure 143 can be similar to first dielectric structure 141 and can be similarly formed as first dielectric structure 141.
Redistribution structure 140 can have second conductive structure 144 formed to cover top surfaces 142b of first conductive structure 142 exposed through apertures 143X. Second conductive structure 144 can be formed with a multitude of conductors, traces, or patterns, and the respective conductors can be brought into contact with top surface 142b of first conductive structure 142 as exposed by aperture 143X. Second conductive structure 144 can be formed to partially cover a top surface of second dielectric structure 143. Second conductive structure 144 can be electrically connected to substrate interconnects 117 and/or component interconnects 122 through first conductive structure 142. Second conductive structure 144 can comprise or be referred to as a conductor, a conductive material, a conductive layer, a conductive pad, a micro pad, a bond pad, a conductive post or an under-bump-metallurgy (UBM). Second conductive structure 144 can be similar to first conductive structure 142 and can be similarly formed as first conductive structure 142. Redistribution structure 140 comprising two dielectric structures 141 and 143 and two conductive structures 142 and 144 is illustrated as an example, but redistribution structure 140 can comprise fewer or more than dielectric structures 141 and 143 or conductive structures 142 and 144.
Substrate 140 is presented as a redistribution layer (“RDL”) substrate in the present example. RDL substrates can comprise one or more conductive redistribution layers and one or more dielectric layers that (a) can be formed layer by layer over an electronic device to which the RDL substrate is to be electrically coupled, or (b) can be formed layer by layer over a carrier that can be entirely removed or at least partially removed after the electronic device and the RDL substrate are coupled together. RDL substrates can be manufactured layer by layer as a wafer-level substrate on a round wafer in a wafer-level process, and/or as a panel-level substrate on a rectangular or square panel carrier in a panel-level process. RDL substrates can be formed in an additive buildup process that can include one or more dielectric layers alternatingly stacked with one or more conductive layers that define respective conductive redistribution patterns or traces configured to collectively (a) fan-out electrical traces outside the footprint of the electronic device, and/or (b) fan-in electrical traces within the footprint of the electronic device. The conductive patterns can be formed using a plating process such as, for example, an electroplating process or an electroless plating process. The conductive patterns can comprise an electrically conductive material such as, for example, copper or other plateable metal. The locations of the conductive patterns can be made using a photo-patterning process such as, for example, a photolithography process and a photoresist material to form a photolithographic mask. The dielectric layers of the RDL substrate can be patterned with a photo-patterning process, which can include a photolithographic mask through which light is exposed to photo-pattern desired features such as vias in the dielectric layers. The dielectric layers can be made from photo-definable organic dielectric materials such as, for example, polyimide (PI), benzocyclobutene (BCB), or polybenzoxazole (PBO). Such dielectric materials can be spun-on or otherwise coated in liquid form, rather than attached as a pre-formed film. To permit proper formation of desired photo-defined features, such photo-definable dielectric materials can omit structural reinforcers or can be filler-free, without strands, weaves, or other particles, that could interfere with the light from the photo-patterning process. In some examples, such filler-free characteristics of filler-free dielectric materials can permit a reduction of the thickness of the resulting dielectric layer. Although the photo-definable dielectric materials described above can be organic materials, in other examples the dielectric materials of the RDL substrates can comprise one or more inorganic dielectric layers. Some examples of inorganic dielectric layer(s) can comprise silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon oxide (SiO2), and/or SiON. The inorganic dielectric layer(s) can be formed by growing the inorganic dielectric layers using an oxidation or nitridization process instead using photo-defined organic dielectric materials. Such inorganic dielectric layers can be filler-fee, without strands, weaves, or other dissimilar inorganic particles. In some examples, the RDL substrates can omit a permanent core structure or carrier such as, for example, a dielectric material comprising bismaleimide triazine (BT) or FR4 and these types of RDL substrates can be referred to as a coreless substrate. Other substrates in this disclosure can also comprise an RDL substrate.
In some examples, substrate 140 can be a pre-formed substrate. The pre-formed substrate can be manufactured prior to attachment to an electronic device and can comprise dielectric layers between respective conductive layers. The conductive layers can comprise copper and can be formed using an electroplating process. The dielectric layers can be relatively thicker non-photo-definable layers that can be attached as a pre-formed film rather than as a liquid and can include a resin with fillers such as strands, weaves, and/or other inorganic particles for rigidity and/or structural support. Since the dielectric layers are non-photo-definable, features such as vias or openings can be formed by using a drill or laser. In some examples, the dielectric layers can comprise a prepreg material or Ajinomoto Buildup Film (ABF). The pre-formed substrate can include a permanent core structure or carrier such as, for example, a dielectric material comprising bismaleimide triazine (BT) or FR4, and dielectric and conductive layers can be formed on the permanent core structure. In other examples, the pre-formed substrate can be a coreless substrate which omits the permanent core structure, and the dielectric and conductive layers can be formed on a sacrificial carrier that is removed after formation of the dielectric and conductive layers and before attachment to the electronic device. The pre-formed substrate can referred to as a printed circuit board (PCB) or a laminate substrate. Such pre-formed substrate can be formed through a semi-additive or modified-semi-additive process. Other substrates in this disclosure can also comprise a pre-formed substrate.
In some examples, external interconnects 150 can comprise tin (Sn), silver (Ag), lead (Pb), copper (Cu), Sn—Pb, Sn37-Pb, Sn95-Pb, Sn—Pb—Ag, Sn—Cu, Sn—Ag, Sn—Au, Sn—Bi, or Sn—Ag—Cu. External interconnects 150 can be formed by, for example, ball dropping, screen printing, or electroplating. For example, external interconnects 150 can be formed by forming a conductive material containing solder on top surface 144b of second conductive structure 144 of redistribution structure 140 by ball dropping, followed by performing a reflow process. External interconnects 150 can comprise or be referred to as conductive balls, such as solder balls, conductive pillars, such as copper pillars, or conductive posts having solder caps formed on copper pillars. External interconnects 150 can have a size in the range from approximately 0.1 mm to approximately 0.5 mm. Additionally, completed semiconductor device 100 can be flipped, and external interconnects 150 can be positioned on bottom surface 100y of substrate 100 of semiconductor device 100. In some examples, external interconnects 150 can comprise or be referred to as external input/output terminals of semiconductor device 100.
Referring now to
The second semiconductor device 200 can be on a top side of the first semiconductor device 100, wherein the second semiconductor device 200 can be electrically coupled with a substrate land 112 on the top side of the first semiconductor device 100. Referring to the second semiconductor device 200, substrate 210 can comprise dielectric layers 212 and 214 and conductive layers 211, 213 and 215. Electronic component 220 can comprise terminals 221 and internal interconnects 222. Substrate 210, encapsulant 230, and interconnects 240 can comprise or be referred to as a semiconductor package 202 and can provide protection for electronic component 220 from external elements or environmental exposure. In addition, semiconductor package 202 can provide electrical couplings between an external component and electronic component 220.
In the example shown in
In the example shown in
In some examples, pick-and-place equipment (not shown) can pick up second semiconductor device 200 to place second semiconductor device 200 on top surfaces 112a of substrate lands 112 of first semiconductor device 100. Subsequently, second semiconductor device 200 can be electrically connected to first semiconductor device 100 by mass reflow, thermal compression, or laser assist bonding.
In substrate 210 of second semiconductor device 200, conductive structures 211, 213, and 215 having a multitude of conductors, traces, or patterns can be provided within dielectric layers 212 and 214. Substrate 210 is shown comprising three conductive structures 211, 213 and 215 and two dielectric layers 212 and 214, but the number of conductive layers and dielectric layers of substrate 210 can be fewer or more. Substrate 210 can be similar to redistribution structure 120 or substrate 110 and can be similarly formed. Substrate 210 can comprise or be referred to as a redistribution structure, an interposer, or a printed circuit board.
In some examples, the non-active region of electronic component 220 can be adhered to a top surface of substrate 210 using an adhesive, and terminals 221 in an active region of electronic component 220 can be electrically connected to conductive layer 215 of substrate 210 through internal interconnectors 222 in the form of, for example, wires. In some examples, the active region of electronic component 220 can be located at its bottom surface and can be electrically connected to conductive structure 215 of substrate 210 in a flip-chip configuration through internal interconnectors 222 in the form of, for example, conductive bumps or conductive posts. Electronic component 220 can be similar to electronic component 120 and can be similarly formed as electronic component 120. Electronic component 220 can be electrically connected to interconnects 240 through internal interconnectors 222 and substrate 210.
Encapsulant 230 can be formed to cover both top surface 210a of substrate 210 and electronic component 220. Encapsulant 230 can be similar to encapsulant 130 and can be similarly formed as encapsulant 130.
Interconnects 240 can be electrically connected to conductive structure 211 of substrate 210. Conductive structures 211 can be similar to second conductive structure 144 and can be similarly formed as second conductive structure 144. Interconnects 240 can be similar to interconnects 150 and can be similarly formed as interconnects 150. Interconnects 240 can electrically connect substrate 210 and substrate 110 to each other. Interconnects 240 can be electrically connected to electronic component 220 through substrate 210. Interconnects 240 can be electrically connected to electronic component 120 through substrate 110 and redistribution structure 140. Interconnects 240 can electrically connect first semiconductor device 100 and second semiconductor device 200 to each other. Electronic component 220 can be electrically connected to interconnects 150 through substrate 210, interconnects 240, substrate 110, substrate interconnects 117 and redistribution structure 140.
Backside substrate 11′ can comprise conductive structure 111′, dielectric structure 112′ and cavity 115′. Conductive structure 11′ can comprise inward terminals 1111′, outward terminals 1112′ and cavity terminals 1113′. Cavity 115′ can comprise cavity base 1151′ and cavity wall 1152′. Electronic component 12′ can comprise component terminals 121′. Electronic component 13′ can comprise component terminals 131′. Frontside substrate 15′ can comprise conductive structure 151′ and dielectric structure 152′. Conductive structure 151 can comprise inward terminals 1511′ and outward terminals 1512′. In some examples, features, elements, components, or manufacturing stages of electronic device 10′ can be similar to corresponding ones of electronic device 100 described with respect to
Backside substrate 11′, internal interconnects 110′, interface layer 14′, frontside substrate 15′, encapsulant 18′, and external terminals 19′ can be referred to as a semiconductor package and package can provide protection for electronic components 12′ and 13′ from external elements or environmental exposure. The semiconductor package can provide electrical coupling between electronic components 112′, 113′ or outward terminals 1112′ with other electrical components external to the semiconductor package. Backside substrate 11′ can comprise cavity 115′ and internal interconnect 110′ contacting frontside substrate 15′. Electronic component 12′ can be over the top side of frontside substrate 15′ and can be in cavity 115′. Electronic component 12′ can be coupled with conductive structure 151′ of frontside substrate 15′. Encapsulant 18′ can be in cavity 115′ and over the top side of frontside substrate 15′. In some examples, encapsulant 18′ can contact a lateral side of electronic component 12′, a lateral side of cavity 115′, or a lateral side of internal interconnect 110′. In some examples, one or more lateral sides of backside substrate 11′ can be free of any encapsulant 18′.
In the example shown in
Backside substrate 11′ can be similar to substrate 110 of semiconductor device 100 as shown in
In some examples, backside substrate 11′ can be a monolithic or single substrate or structure, where base substrate 1101′ and cavity substrate 1102′ define respective portions of backside substrate 11′, and are formed integral with each other. In some examples, backside substrate 11′ can be a combined substrate, where backside substrate 11′ and cavity substrate 1102′ define respective portions of backside substrate 11′, but are formed separately and then attached together.
In some examples, cavity substrate 1102′ can comprise a single substrate extending around an entire perimeter of electronic component 12′, such as a square ring around cavity 115′. In some examples, cavity substrate 1102′ can comprise multiple substrates or distinct substrate portions separated from each other, such as a first substrate portion along a first lateral side of electronic component 12′ and a second substrate portion along a second lateral side of electronic component 12′, without extending around the entire perimeter of electronic device 10′
Cavity 115′ can comprise or be defined by cavity base 1151′, which is a partial region of the inward side of base substrate 1101′, and cavity wall 1152′, which is a part of an inner sidewall of cavity substrate 1102′. In some examples, the thickness of base substrate 1101′ can range from approximately 50 μm to approximately 1000 μm. In some examples, the thickness of cavity substrate 1102′ can range from approximately 100 μm to approximately 500 μm. In some examples, the width of cavity 115′ can range from approximately 100 μm to approximately 1000 μm.
Backside substrate 11′ can comprise conductive structure 111′ and dielectric structure 112′. Conductive structure 111′ can comprise portions of conductive layers defining conductive paths or elements such as traces, pads or vias. Conductive structure 111′ can be provided in a variety of manners, such as plating, sputtering, or deposition. Conductive structure 111′ can comprise copper, aluminum, nickel, palladium, gold, silver, titanium, or tungsten. In some examples, the thickness of individual layers of conductive structure 111′ can range from approximately 3 μm to approximately 50 μm. The conductive paths of conductive structure 111′ can transmit electrical signals in vertical directions or horizontal directions.
Conductive structure 111′ can comprise inward terminals 1111′ arranged on the inward side of cavity substrate 1102′. In some examples, the thickness of inward terminals 1111′ can range from approximately 3 μm to approximately 50 μm. In some examples, conductive structure 111′ can comprise outward terminals 1112′ arranged on outward side of base substrate 1101′. In some examples, the thickness of outward terminals 1112′ can range from approximately 3 μm to approximately 50 μm. In some examples other electronic components or packages can be coupled on outward terminals 1112′ of backside substrate 11′.
Conductive structure 111′ can comprise cavity terminals 1113′ arranged the inward side of cavity base 1151′. In some examples, the thickness of cavity terminals 1113′ can range from approximately 3 μm to approximately 50 μm. In some examples, inward terminals 1111′, outward terminals 1512′, or cavity terminals 1113′ can comprise or be referred to as pads, bumps, or under-bump metallizations (UBMs).
Dielectric structure 112′ can comprise one or more dielectric layers interposed between one or more levels of conductive structure 111′ or between adjacent elements of conductive structure 111′. Dielectric structure 112′ can comprise or be referred to as an insulating resin, a pre-preg resin, a polymer, a core layer, a ceramic, etc. In some examples, the thickness of individual layers of dielectric structure 112′ can range from approximately 15 μm to approximately 100 μm. Dielectric structure 112′ can provide backside substrate 11′ with structural integrity for supporting and routing conductive structure 111′.
In some examples, backside substrate 11′ can be provided in a matrix type where multiple cavity substrates 1102′ have rows and columns on one base substrate 1101′ in order to improve the production efficiency of multiple of electronic devices. In some examples, base substrate 1101′ can be in the form of one wide rectangular panel or in the form of a disk, and cavity substrate 1102′ can be provided in the form of one or more rectangles divided into multiple pieces on base substrate 1101′.
In some examples, backside substrate 11′ can be a pre-formed substrate. The pre-formed substrate can be manufactured prior to attachment to an electronic device and can comprise dielectric layers between respective conductive layers. The conductive layers can comprise copper and can be formed using an electroplating process. The dielectric layers can be relatively thicker non-photo-definable layers that can be attached as a pre-formed film rather than as a liquid and can include a resin with fillers such as strands, weaves, or other inorganic particles for rigidity or structural support. Since the dielectric layers are non-photo-definable, features such as vias or openings can be formed by using a drill or laser. In some examples, the dielectric layers can comprise a prepreg material or Ajinomoto Buildup Film (ABF). The pre-formed substrate can include a permanent core structure or carrier such as, for example, a dielectric material comprising bismaleimide triazine (BT) or FR4, and dielectric and conductive layers can be formed on the permanent core structure. In other examples, the pre-formed substrate can be a coreless substrate omitting the permanent core structure, and the dielectric and conductive layers can be formed on a sacrificial carrier that is removed after formation of the dielectric and conductive layers and before attachment to the electronic device. The pre-formed substrate can referred to as a printed circuit board (PCB) or a laminate substrate. Such pre-formed substrate can be formed through a semi-additive or modified-semi-additive process.
Electronic component 12′ can be attached to cavity base 1151′ of backside substrate 11′. In some examples, an inactive side of electronic component 12′ can be attached onto cavity base 1151′ via interface layer 14′. Interface layer 14′ can be between electronic component 12′ and backside substrate 11′. In some examples, interface layer 14′ can comprise or be referred to as a die attach film, a thermal interface material, or an adhesive. In some examples, interface layer 14′ can be a dielectric or electrically non-conductive. In some examples, interface layer 14′, can comprise a metallic material or can be electrically conductive. In some examples, interface layer 14′ can be thermally conductive.
When interface layer 14′ is a die attach film, a bond line thickness (BLT) can be uniformly maintained and a narrow keep out zone (KOZ) can be provided to reduce or avoid contamination surrounding electronic component 12′. In some examples, if interface layer 14′ is provided in a liquid phase a wider keep-out zone can be provided. In some examples, contamination of cavity terminal 1113′ can be prevented by die attach film 14′. In some examples, interface layer 14′ can first be attached to the inactive side of electronic component 12′, and electronic component 12′ can then be attached to cavity base 1151′. In some examples, interface layer 14′ can first be pre-attached to cavity base 1151′, and electronic component 12′ can then be attached to cavity base 1151′.
Electronic component 12′ can comprise or be referred to as a semiconductor die, a semiconductor package, an active component, a passive component. In some examples, electronic component 12′ can also comprise digital signal processors (DSPs), network processors, power management units, audio processors, radio-frequency (RF) circuits, wireless baseband system-on-a-chip (SoC) processors, sensors, or application specific integrated circuits. In some examples, the thickness of electronic component 12′ can be approximately 50 μm to approximately 780 μm. In some examples, electronic component 12′ can perform various calculation and control processing operations, store data, or remove noise from an electrical signal.
One or more electronic components 13′ can be in cavity 115′ and adjacent to electronic component 12′, and can be attached to cavity base 1151′ of backside substrate 11′. In some examples, component terminals 131′ of electronic component 13′ can be coupled to cavity terminals 1113′ of backside substrate 11′. Electronic component 13′ can comprise or be referred to as a semiconductor die, a semiconductor package, or a passive component such as a capacitor or inductor. In some examples, the thickness of electronic component 13′ can be different than the thickness of electronic component 12′. As shown in
In some examples, internal interconnects 110′ can be electrically coupled to inward terminals 1111′ of backside substrate 11′. In some examples, internal interconnects 110′ can be provided before electronic component 12′ or 13′ is coupled to backside substrate 11′ or after electronic component 12′ or 13′ is coupled to backside substrate 11′. Internal interconnects 110′ can comprise or be referred to as pillars, posts, bumps, or metal-core solder-coated balls. Internal interconnects 110′ can be provided on backside substrate 11′ in a variety of manners, such as plating, sputtering, soldering, or deposition. For example, internal interconnects 110′ can be formed on inward terminals 1111′ via a plating, sputtering, soldering, or deposition process. Internal interconnect 110′ can comprise copper, aluminum, nickel, palladium, gold, silver, tungsten or titanium. The width of internal interconnects 110′ can be smaller compared to the width of a solder ball. Accordingly, the pitch of internal interconnects 110′ can be relatively small. In some examples, the thickness or width of internal interconnect 110′ can range from approximately 100 μm to approximately 500 μm. Internal interconnects 110′ can serve to couple backside substrate 11′ to frontside substrate 15′. The general copper core ball or copper core cube can be omitted by internal interconnect 110′, or an adhesive dispensing process can be omitted to simplify the manufacturing process of electronic device 10′.
Component terminals 121′ can protrude from electronic component 12′. In some examples, component terminals 121′ can be provided before electronic component 12′ is coupled to backside substrate 11′. Component terminals 121′ can comprise or be referred to as pillars, posts, or bumps. Component terminals 121′ can be provided on electronic component 12′ in various manners, such as plating, sputtering, or vapor deposition. Component terminals 121′ can comprise copper, aluminum, nickel, palladium, gold, silver, tungsten, or titanium. In some examples, the time of providing component terminals 121′ can be similar or concurrent with the time of providing internal interconnects 110′. In some examples, the thickness or width of the component terminals 121′ can be smaller than the thickness or width of the internal interconnects 110′. In some examples, the pitch of component terminals 121′ can be smaller than the pitch of internal interconnects 110′. In some examples, the top side of component terminals 121′ can be substantially coplanar with the top side of internal interconnects 110′. In some examples, the thickness or width of component terminals 121′ can range from approximately 20 μm to approximately 500 μm. Component terminal 121′ can couple electronic component 12′ to frontside substrate 15′.
In some implementations, frontside substrate 15′ can be formed straight on the structure of
Frontside substrate 15′ can comprise conductive structure 151′ and dielectric structure 152′. Conductive structure 151′ can comprise conductive layers defining conductive paths having elements such as traces, pads or vias. The conductive paths of conductive structure 151′ can transmit electrical signals in vertical directions or horizontal directions.
Conductive structure 151′ can comprise inward terminals 1511′ and outward terminals 1512′. Inward terminals 1511′ can comprise or be referred to as pads or vias.. Inward terminals 1511′ can be coupled to internal interconnects 110′ or component terminals 121′. In some examples, outward terminals 1512′ can comprise or be referred to as pads, traces, or under bumped metals (UBMs).
Dielectric structure 152′ can comprise one or more dielectric layers interposed between one or more levels of conductive structure 151′ or between adjacent elements of conductive structure 151′. In some examples, the side, or upper side, of outward terminals 1512′ can be lower than the side, or upper side, of the dielectric structure 152′.
In some examples, front side substrate 15′ can be a redistribution layer (“RDL”) substrate. RDL substrates can comprise one or more conductive redistribution layers and one or more dielectric layers that (a) can be formed layer by layer over an electronic device to which the RDL substrate is to be electrically coupled, or (b) can be formed layer by layer over a carrier that can be entirely removed or at least partially removed after the electronic device and the RDL substrate are coupled together. RDL substrates can be manufactured layer by layer as a wafer-level substrate on a round wafer in a wafer-level process, or as a panel-level substrate on a rectangular or square panel carrier in a panel-level process. RDL substrates can be formed in an additive buildup process that can include one or more dielectric layers alternatingly stacked with one or more conductive layers that define respective conductive redistribution patterns or traces configured to collectively (a) fan-out electrical traces outside the footprint of the electronic device, or (b) fan-in electrical traces within the footprint of the electronic device. The conductive patterns can be formed using a plating process such as, for example, an electroplating process or an electroless plating process. The conductive patterns can comprise an electrically conductive material such as, for example, copper or other plateable metal. The locations of the conductive patterns can be made using a photo-patterning process such as, for example, a photolithography process and a photoresist material to form a photolithographic mask. The dielectric layers of the RDL substrate can be patterned with a photo-patterning process, which can include a photolithographic mask through which light is exposed to photo-pattern desired features such as vias in the dielectric layers. The dielectric layers can be made from photo-definable organic dielectric materials such as, for example, polyimide (PI), benzocyclobutene (BCB), or polybenzoxazole (PBO). Such dielectric materials can be spun-on or otherwise coated in liquid form, rather than attached as a pre-formed film. To permit proper formation of desired photo-defined features, such photo-definable dielectric materials can omit structural reinforcers or can be filler-free, without strands, weaves, or other particles, that could interfere with the light from the photo-patterning process. In some examples, such filler-free characteristics of filler-free dielectric materials can permit a reduction of the thickness of the resulting dielectric layer. Although the photo-definable dielectric materials described above can be organic materials, in other examples the dielectric materials of the RDL substrates can comprise one or more inorganic dielectric layers. Some examples of inorganic dielectric layer(s) can comprise silicon nitride (Si3N4), silicon oxide (SiO2), or silicon oxynitride (SiON). The inorganic dielectric layer or layers can be formed by growing the inorganic dielectric layers using an oxidation or nitridization process instead using photo-defined organic dielectric materials. Such inorganic dielectric layers can be filler-fee, without strands, weaves, or other dissimilar inorganic particles. In some examples, the RDL substrates can omit a permanent core structure or carrier such as, for example, a dielectric material comprising bismaleimide triazine (BT) or FR4, and these types of RDL substrates can be referred to as a coreless substrate.
Thereafter, a singulation process can be carried out along the dotted lines to define individual electronic devices 10′. In some examples, when multiple backside substrates 11′ are provided at regular intervals, encapsulant 18′ can exist between multiple backside substrates 11′. In some examples, encapsulant 18′ existing between multiple backside substrates 11′ can be singulated by a mechanical wheel, a laser beam, etc. Encapsulant 18′ and frontside substrate 15′ can be singulated together. By the sawing process, the lateral sides of backside substrate 11′, lateral sides of encapsulant 18′, and lateral sides of frontside substrate 15′ can be all coplanar with one another or can form similar planes.
In some examples, the lateral sides of encapsulant 18″ can be coplanar with the lateral sides of frontside substrate 15′. In some examples, the width of frontside substrate 15′ can be larger than the width of backside substrate 11′. In some examples, the width of encapsulant 18″ covering the lateral sides of backside substrate 11′ can be approximately 10 μm to 50 μm. Encapsulant 18″ covering the lateral sides of backside substrate 11′ can improve insulation or protection of backside substrate 11′.
In some examples, by reducing the singulation width of the mechanical wheel or laser beam during the singulation process of encapsulant 18″, narrower regions of encapsulant 18″ can be removed, and thus some regions of encapsulant 18″ can remain covering or contacting one or more external lateral sides of backside substrate 11′. In some examples, during the process of arranging multiple backside substrates 11′ in a matrix, the interval between multiple backside substrates 11′ can be made relatively wider, for example by making the width of some regions of encapsulant 18″ relatively large, thereby allowing some regions of encapsulant 18″ to remain on the lateral sides of backside substrate 11′ after the singulation process of encapsulant 18″. In some examples, the width of frontside substrate 15′ is greater than the width of backside substrate 11′ to accommodate the regions of encapsulant 18″ covering or contacting the one or more external lateral sides of backside substrate 11′.
In some examples, electronic device 10′ of
The present disclosure includes reference to certain examples. It will be understood, however, by those skilled in the art that various changes may be made, and equivalents may be substituted without departing from the scope of the disclosure. In addition, modifications may be made to the disclosed examples without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, it is intended that the present disclosure is not limited to the examples disclosed, but that the disclosure will include all examples falling within the scope of the appended claims.
The present application is a continuation-in part of U.S. application Ser. No. 17/521,750 filed Nov. 8, 2021 (pending), which is a continuation of U.S. application Ser. No. 16/530,305 filed Aug. 2, 2019, now U.S. Pat. No. 11,171,127. Said application Ser. Nos. 17/521,750 and 16/530,305 and said U.S. Pat. No. 11,171,127 are hereby incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 16530305 | Aug 2019 | US |
| Child | 17521750 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 17521750 | Nov 2021 | US |
| Child | 17864891 | US |
