The present invention is related to semiconductor packaging technology, and in particular to a semiconductor package structure.
A semiconductor package structure can not only provide a semiconductor die with protection from environmental contaminants, but it can also provide an electrical connection between the semiconductor die packaged therein and a substrate, such as a printed circuit board (PCB). With the increase in demand for smaller devices that can perform more functions, package-on-package (PoP) technology has become increasingly popular. The PoP technology vertically stacks two or more package structures, so that the amount of area that it takes up on the motherboard can be reduced.
However, although existing semiconductor package structures generally meet requirements, they are not satisfactory in every respect. For example, if the heat which is generated during the operation of the semiconductor die is not adequately removed, the increased temperatures may result in damage to semiconductor components. Thermal dissipation is a critical problem that needs to be solved since it affects the performance of semiconductor package structures. Therefore, further improvements in semiconductor package structures are required.
Semiconductor package structures are provided. An exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor package structure includes a package substrate, a semiconductor die, an interposer, an adhesive layer, and a molding material. The semiconductor die is disposed over the package substrate. The interposer is disposed over the semiconductor die. The adhesive layer connects the semiconductor die and the interposer. The molding material surrounds the semiconductor die and the adhesive layer.
Another exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor package structure includes a package substrate, a semiconductor die, an interposer, an adhesive layer, and a conductive structure. The semiconductor die is disposed over the package substrate. The interposer is disposed over the semiconductor die and has a first bottom surface, a second bottom surface, and a sidewall connecting the first bottom surface and the second bottom surface. The adhesive layer connects the semiconductor die and the first bottom surface of the interposer. The conductive structure connects the package substrate and the second bottom surface of the interposer.
Yet another exemplary embodiment of a semiconductor package structure includes a package substrate, an interposer, a semiconductor die, and a molding material. The interposer is disposed over the package substrate and has a cavity. The semiconductor die is disposed over the package substrate and in the cavity. The molding material surrounds the semiconductor die and extends into the cavity.
The present invention can be more fully understood by reading the subsequent detailed description and examples with references made to the accompanying drawings, wherein:
The following description is made for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention and should not be taken in a limiting sense. The scope of the invention is best determined by reference to the appended claims.
The present disclosure will be described with respect to particular embodiments and with reference to certain drawings, but the disclosure is not limited thereto and is only limited by the claims. The drawings described are only schematic and are non-limiting. In the drawings, the size of some of the elements may be exaggerated for illustrative purposes and not drawn to scale. The dimensions and the relative dimensions do not correspond to actual dimensions in the practice of the disclosure.
Additional elements may be added on the basis of the embodiments described below. For example, the description of “forming a first element over a second element” may include embodiments in which the first element is in direct contact with the second element, and may also include embodiments in which additional elements are disposed between the first element and the second element such that the first element and the second element are not in direct contact.
Spatially relative descriptors of the first element and the second element may change as the device is operated or used in different orientations. In addition, the present disclosure may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various embodiments. This repetition is for simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments discussed.
A semiconductor package structure with enhanced efficiency of thermal dissipation is described in accordance with some embodiments of the present disclosure. The thermal dissipation path can be shortened, and thus the performance of the semiconductor package structure can be improved. The present disclosure can be adopted as a phone thermal solution.
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The wiring structure of the package substrate 102 may be disposed in passivation layers. The passivation layers may be formed of polymers, including polyimide (PI), polybenzoxazole (PBO), benzocyclobutene (BCB), epoxy, the like, or a combination thereof. Alternatively, the passivation layers may be formed of dielectric materials, including silicon oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, the like, or a combination thereof.
It should be noted that the configuration of the package substrate 102 shown in the figures is exemplary only and is not intended to limit the present disclosure. Any desired semiconductor element may be formed in and on the package substrate 102. However, in order to simplify the diagram, only the flat substrate 102 is illustrated.
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According to some embodiments, the semiconductor package structure 100 may include more than one semiconductor dies. In addition, the semiconductor package structure 100 may also include one or more passive components (not illustrated) adjacent to the semiconductor die 112, such as resistors, capacitors, inductors, the like, or a combination thereof.
The semiconductor die 112 may be electrically coupled to the wiring structure of the package substrate 102 through a plurality of conductive structures 108 and a plurality of connectors 106. As shown in
In some embodiments, the conductive structures 108 include conductive pads, conductive pillars, the like, or a combination thereof. The conductive structures 108 may be formed of conductive materials, including copper, aluminum, tungsten, titanium, tantalum, the like, an alloy thereof, or a combination thereof. The conductive structures 108 may be formed by electroplating, electroless plating, or any applicable processes.
In some embodiments, the connectors 106 are formed of solder materials, including tin, SnAg, SnPb, the like, or a combination thereof. The connectors 106 may be formed by electroplating, electroless plating, or any applicable process.
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According to some embodiments, the ratio of the thickness T1 of the semiconductor die 112 in the direction substantially vertical to the top surface of the package substrate 102 to the distance D1 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.5 to about 0.95, such as about 0.9.
The adhesive layer 114 may be disposed on the semiconductor die 112 before bonding the interposer 118 to the semiconductor die 112 as illustrated, but the present disclosure is not limited thereto. As an example, the adhesive layer 114 may be disposed on the interposer 118 before bonding the interposer 118 to the semiconductor die 112. As another example, the adhesive layer 114 may be disposed on both of the interposer 118 and the semiconductor die 112 before bonding the interposer 118 to the semiconductor die 112.
The interposer 118 may have a wiring structure therein. In some embodiments, the wiring structure of the interposer 118 includes conductive layers, conductive vias, conductive pillars, the like, or a combination thereof. The wiring structure of the interposer 118 may be formed of metal, including copper, aluminum, tungsten, the like, an alloy thereof, or a combination thereof.
The wiring structure of the interposer 118 may be disposed in passivation layers. The passivation layers may be formed of polymers, including polyimide (PI), polybenzoxazole (PBO), benzocyclobutene (BCB), epoxy, the like, or a combination thereof. Alternatively, the passivation layers may be formed of dielectric materials, including silicon oxide, silicon carbide, silicon nitride, silicon oxynitride, the like, or a combination thereof.
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The molding material 120 may protect the semiconductor die 112, the adhesive layer 114, and the conductive structures 116 from the environment, thereby preventing these components from damage due to, for example, the stress, the chemicals and/or the moisture. As shown in
In some embodiments where a semiconductor die is not thick enough for bonding to an interposer, a portion of a molding material is disposed therebetween. In these embodiments, since the gap between the semiconductor die and the interposer is narrow, some voids might be formed therein. In addition, low thermal conductivity of the molding material makes it difficult to dissipate heat. Opposite of these embodiments, the present disclosure includes a thicker semiconductor die 112 and connects the semiconductor die 112 and the interposer 118 with the adhesive layer 114. Therefore, voids between the semiconductor die 112 and the interposer 118 can be reduced or avoided. Moreover, since the adhesive layer 114 has a higher thermal conductivity than the molding material 120, the efficiency of thermal dissipation can be further improved.
Additionally, the semiconductor die 112 can provide a stronger support than the molding material 120, so that the semiconductor package structure 100 can have a better warpage behavior.
As described above, the sidewalls of the adhesive layer 114 may be substantially coplanar with the sidewalls of the semiconductor die 112, as shown in
As another example, a semiconductor package structure 300 includes an adhesive layer 114b which may have sidewalls between the sidewalls of the semiconductor die 112, as shown in
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According to some embodiments, in regions without the recess 202, the ratio of the thickness T2 of the semiconductor die 112 in the direction substantially vertical to the top surface of the package substrate 102 to the distance D1 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.5 to about 0.98, such as about 0.9. According to some embodiments, in regions with the recess 202, the ratio of the thickness T2 of the semiconductor die 112 to the distance D2 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.5 to about 0.95, such as about 0.9. The distance D2 may be greater than the distance D1. According to some embodiments, the ratio of the distance D2 to the distance D1 is in a range of about 1.05 to about 1.5, such as about 1.07.
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According to some embodiments, in regions without the recess 202 and the recess 302, the ratio of the thickness T3 of the semiconductor die 112 in the direction substantially vertical to the top surface of the package substrate 102 to the distance D1 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.5 to about 1.5, such as about 1. According to some embodiments, in regions with the recess 202 and the recess 302, the ratio of the thickness T3 of the semiconductor die 112 to the distance D3 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.5 to about 0.95, such as about 0.85. The distance D3 may be greater than the distance D1. According to some embodiments, the ratio of the distance D3 to the distance D1 is in a range of about 1.05 to about 1.5, such as about 1.07.
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According to some embodiments, the mesa structure 402 includes an embedded heat sink. The mesa structure 402 may be formed of metal, including copper, aluminum, tungsten, the like, an alloy thereof, or a combination thereof. In some embodiments, the mesa structure 402 is a portion of the wiring structure of the interposer 118 and is formed during the formation of the wiring structure of the interposer 118. In some other embodiments, the mesa structure 402 is formed after the formation of the wiring structure of the interposer 118.
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According to some embodiments, in regions without the mesa structure 402, the ratio of the thickness T4 of the semiconductor die 112 in the direction substantially vertical to the top surface of the package substrate 102 to the distance D1 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.2 to about 0.95, such as about 0.8. According to some embodiments, in regions with the mesa structure 402, the ratio of the thickness T4 of the semiconductor die 112 to the distance D4 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.25 to about 0.95, such as about 0.85. The distance D4 may be less than the distance D1. According to some embodiments, the ratio of the distance D4 to the distance D1 is in a range of about 0.65 to about 0.98, such as about 0.95.
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The mesa structure 402 may be surrounded by the molding material 120. As shown in
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According to some embodiments, in regions without the cavity 502, the ratio of the thickness T5 of the semiconductor die 112 in the direction substantially vertical to the top surface of the package substrate 102 to the distance D1 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.85 to about 1.5, such as about 1.2. According to some embodiments, in regions with the cavity 502, the ratio of the thickness T5 of the semiconductor die 112 to the distance D5 between the interposer 118 and the package substrate 102 is in a range of about 0.75 to about 0.95, such as about 0.85. The distance D5 may be greater than the distance D1. According to some embodiments, the ratio of the distance D5 to the distance D1 is in a range of about 1.15 to about 1.5, such as about 1.45.
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In some embodiments, the top surface of the semiconductor die 112 is exposed to increase the efficiency of thermal dissipation, as shown in
In summary, in some embodiments, the semiconductor package structure according to the present disclosure increase the thickness of the semiconductor die to gain power budget enhancement. Therefore, the efficiency of thermal dissipation can be enhanced, and thus the performance of the semiconductor package structure can be improved.
According to some embodiments, the semiconductor die reaches the interposer to shorten the heat dissipation path. The better warpage behavior and fewer (or without) voids can be achieved as well. In addition, the interposer has a mesa structure to facilitate heat transfer from the semiconductor die, according to some embodiments. According to some embodiments, the top surface of the semiconductor die is exposed for better thermal dissipation.
While the invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, it should be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments. On the contrary, it is intended to cover various modifications and similar arrangements (as would be apparent to those skilled in the art). Therefore, the scope of the appended claims should be accorded the broadest interpretation so as to encompass all such modifications and similar arrangements.
This application claims the benefit of U.S. Provisional Application No. 63/311,102 filed on Feb. 17, 2022, the entirety of which is incorporated by reference herein.
Number | Date | Country | |
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63311102 | Feb 2022 | US |