Patent Grant
6972381
The present invention relates to a semiconductor device and method of manufacture thereof, and to a circuit board and an electronic instrument.
In recent years, with the increasing compactness of electronic instruments, semiconductor device packages adapted to high density mounting are in demand. In response to this, surface mounting packages such as a ball grid array (BGA) and a chip scale/size package (CSP) have been developed. In a surface mounting package, a substrate may be used which has formed thereon an interconnect pattern for connection to a semiconductor chip.
In a conventional surface mounting package, since there is a step of providing a protective film to protect the interconnect pattern and so forth, it is has been difficult to improve the productivity.
The present invention solves this problem, and has as its objective the provision of a method of manufacturing a semiconductor device and a semiconductor device manufactured by the method, of a circuit board and of an electronic instrument, having excellent reliability and productivity.
(1) A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device of the present invention comprises:
(2) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device,
The adhesive is cured in the region of contact with the semiconductor chip, and thereafter, the region other than the region of contact is heated and cured. Thus the adhesive is also cured in the region where it spreads out beyond the semiconductor chip. By means of this, the possibility of the adhesive coming apart from the substrate and allowing the ingress of water, leading to migration of the interconnect pattern can also be prevented. Since the adhesive is cured, the inclusion of water can be prevented.
(3) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the interconnect pattern and the electrodes may be electrically connected by conductive particles dispersed in the adhesive.
Since the interconnect pattern and electrodes are electrically connected by the conductive particles, a semiconductor device can be manufactured by a method of excellent reliability and productivity.
(4) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, before the first step, the adhesive may be previously disposed on the surface of the semiconductor chip on which the electrodes are formed.
(5) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, before the first step, the adhesive may be previously disposed on the surface of the substrate on which the interconnect pattern is formed.
(6) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in the third step, energy may be applied to a portion of the adhesive at which curing is not completed in the second step.
(7) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in the third step, the adhesive may be heated by a heating jig.
(8) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, a nonadhesive layer having high nonadhesive properties to the adhesive may be interposed between the heating jig and the adhesive, and the adhesive is heated.
(9) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the heating jig may be provided with the nonadhesive layer.
(10) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the nonadhesive layer may be disposed on the adhesive.
(11) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in the third step, energy may be applied to the adhesive without contacting the adhesive.
(12) This method of manufacturing a semiconductor device may further comprise:
(13) This method of manufacturing a semiconductor device may further comprise:
(14) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, after the third step, the substrate may be cut in a region other than a region in which the adhesive contacts with the semiconductor chip.
(15) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in the second step, the adhesive may be caused to surround at least a part of a lateral surface of the semiconductor chip.
Since the adhesive covers at least a part of the lateral surface of the semiconductor chip, not only is the semiconductor chip protected from mechanical damage, but also water can be prevented from reaching the electrodes, and corrosion can be prevented.
(16) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the adhesive may be provided before the first step at a thickness greater than the interval between the semiconductor chip and the substrate after the second step, and may spread out beyond the semiconductor chip by applying pressure between the semiconductor chip and the substrate in the second step.
(17) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the adhesive may include a shading material.
Since the adhesive includes a shading material, light can be prevented from reaching the surface of the semiconductor chip having the electrodes, and so malfunction of the semiconductor chip can be prevented.
(18) A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device according to the present invention comprises:
According to the present invention, the adhesive is cut after it is provided spreading out beyond the semiconductor chip. Thus, there is no requirement for accurate positioning with respect to the semiconductor chip at the same size as the semiconductor chip. Since the adhesive is cut in the region spreading out beyond the semiconductor chip together with the substrate, the entire surface of the substrate is covered by the adhesive so that migration and the like of the interconnect pattern can be prevented.
(19) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the adhesive may be a thermosetting adhesive, and heat may be applied to the adhesive in the second step.
(20) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the adhesive may be a thermoplastic adhesive, and the adhesive may be cooled in the second step.
(21) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the interconnect pattern and the electrodes may be electrically connected by conductive particles dispersed in the adhesive.
(22) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, before the first step, the adhesive may be previously disposed on the surface of the semiconductor chip on which the electrodes are formed.
(23) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, before the first step, the adhesive may be previously disposed on the surface of the substrate on which the interconnect pattern is formed.
(24) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in the third step, a cutting position may be in a region outside an end of the interconnect pattern of the substrate.
(25) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device,
Since the cured adhesive is cut, the cutting can be carried out easily.
(26) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, in the second step, the adhesive may be caused to surround at least a part of a lateral surface of the semiconductor chip.
Since the adhesive covers at least a part of the lateral surface of the semiconductor chip, not only is the semiconductor chip protected from mechanical damage, but also water can be prevented from reaching the electrodes, and corrosion can be prevented.
(27) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the adhesive may be provided before the first step at a thickness greater than the interval between the semiconductor chip and the substrate after the second step, and may spread out beyond the semiconductor chip by applying pressure between the semiconductor chip and the substrate in the second step.
(28) In this method of manufacturing a semiconductor device, the adhesive may include a shading material.
Since the adhesive includes a shading material, light can be prevented from reaching the surface of the semiconductor chip having the electrodes, and so malfunction of the semiconductor chip can be prevented.
(29) A semiconductor device according to the present invention comprises:
According to the present invention, the adhesive is also cured in a region outside that of contact with the semiconductor chip. Thus, the possibility of the adhesive coming apart from the substrate and allowing the ingress of water, leading to migration of the interconnect pattern can be prevented. Also, since all of the adhesive is cured, the inclusion of water can be prevented.
(30) In this semiconductor device, conductive particles may be dispersed in the adhesive to form an anisotropic conductive material.
Since the interconnect pattern and electrodes are electrically connected by the anisotropic conductive material, the reliability and productivity are excellent.
(31) In this semiconductor device, the anisotropic conductive material may be provided to cover the whole of the interconnect pattern.
(32) In this semiconductor device, the adhesive may cover at least a part of a lateral surface of the semiconductor chip.
Since the adhesive covers at least a part of the lateral surface of the semiconductor chip, the semiconductor chip is protected from mechanical damage. Additionally, since the semiconductor chip is covered by the adhesive as far as a position remote from the electrodes, water can be prevented from reaching the electrodes, and corrosion can be prevented.
(33) In this semiconductor device, the adhesive may include a shading material.
Since the adhesive includes a shading material, light can be prevented from reaching the surface of the semiconductor chip having the electrodes, and so malfunction of the semiconductor chip can be prevented.
(34) A semiconductor device according to the present invention is manufactured by the above-described method.
(35) On a circuit board according to the present invention, the above-described semiconductor device is mounted.
(36) An electronic instrument according to the present invention has the above-described circuit board.
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described, with reference to the drawings.
First Embodiment
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device in accordance with the first embodiment is shown in
The substrate 12 may be a flexible substrate formed of an organic material, a metal substrate formed of an inorganic material, or a combination of these. As a flexible substrate may be used a tape carrier. If the electric conductivity of the substrate 12 is high, an insulating film is formed between the substrate 12 and the interconnect pattern 10 and on inner surfaces of through holes 14. In addition, the insulating film may also be formed on a surface of the substrate opposite to the surface on which the interconnect pattern 10 is formed.
The through holes 14 are formed in the substrate 12, and the interconnect pattern 10 is formed on the substrate, covering the through holes 14. Lands 17 for external electrodes are formed over the through holes 14, as part of the interconnect pattern 10.
An anisotropic conductive material 16, as one example of an adhesive, is provided on a thus obtained substrate 12. In the description that follows, an anisotropic conductive material is given as an example of an adhesive. The anisotropic conductive material 16 comprises an adhesive (binder) in which are dispersed conductive particles (conductive filler), and in some cases a dispersant is added. The anisotropic conductive material 16 could be previously formed as a sheet that is affixed to the substrate 12, or it could equally well be provided as a liquid on the substrate 12. The anisotropic conductive material 16 may be provided to be larger than a surface 24 of a semiconductor chip 20 on which electrodes 22 are provided, or may be provided in a quantity to be smaller than the surface 24, then compressed so as to spread out beyond the surface 24.
Alternatively, the anisotropic conductive material 16 may be provided on the surface 24 of the semiconductor chip 20, in a quantity to be compressed so as to spread out beyond the surface 24. It should be noted that even if an adhesive not including conductive particles is used, the electrodes 22 and interconnect pattern 10 can be electrically connected.
In this embodiment, a thermosetting adhesive is used as the anisotropic conductive material, and the anisotropic conductive material 16 may further include a shading material. As a shading material can be used, for example, a black dye or black pigment dispersed in an adhesive resin.
As the adhesive may be used a thermosetting adhesive as typified by an epoxy type, or a photocurable adhesive as typified by an epoxy or acrylate type. Further, the type of adhesive cured by electron beam, or a thermoplastic (thermal adhesion) type of adhesive may equally be used. In the following description, if an adhesive other than thermosetting is used, the provision of energy should be substituted in place of the application of heat or pressure.
Next, the semiconductor chip 20 is mounted on the anisotropic conductive material 16, for example. In more detail, the semiconductor chip 20 is mounted such that the surface 24 of the semiconductor chip 20 on which the electrodes 22 are formed faces the anisotropic conductive material 16. Moreover, the semiconductor chip 20 is disposed so that the each electrode 22 is positioned over a land (not shown in the figures) for connection of the electrodes to the interconnect pattern 10. It should be noted that the semiconductor chip 20 may have the electrodes 22 formed on two edges only, or may have the electrodes 22 formed on four edges. The electrodes 22 are commonly in the form of projections made of gold, solder or the like provided on aluminum pads. The electrodes 22 may be formed on the interconnect pattern 10 side in the form of such projections or projections formed by etching the interconnect pattern 10.
By means of the above process, the anisotropic conductive material 16 is positioned between the surface 24 of the semiconductor chip 20 on which the electrodes 22 are formed and the surface 18 of the substrate 12 on which the interconnect pattern 10 is formed. A jig 30 is then used to press a surface 26 of the semiconductor chip 20 which is opposite to the surface 24 on which the electrodes 22 are formed such that the semiconductor chip 20 is subjected to pressure in the direction of the substrate 12. Alternatively, pressure may be applied between the semiconductor chip 20 and the substrate 12. Even if the anisotropic conductive material 16 as an adhesive is provided within the area of the surface 24 of the semiconductor chip 20, the applied pressure causes it to spread out beyond the surface 24. The jig 30 has an internal heater 32, and applies heat to the semiconductor chip 20. It should be noted that considering the requirement as far as possible to apply heat also to the spread out portion of the anisotropic conductive material 16, the jig 30 used preferably has a greater plan area than the plan area of the semiconductor chip 20. In this way, heat can easily be applied to the periphery of the semiconductor chip 20.
Thus, as shown in
Since heat is applied to the semiconductor chip 20 by the jig 30, the anisotropic conductive material 16 is cured in the region of contact with the semiconductor chip 20. In the region not contacting the semiconductor chip 20 or the region apart from the semiconductor chip 20, heat does not reach the anisotropic conductive material 16, so that the curing is incomplete. The curing of these regions is carried out in the following step.
As shown in
The solder 34 is then heated in a reflow step, and solder balls 36 are formed as shown in FIG. 1D. The solder balls 36 function as external electrodes. In this reflow step, not only the solder 34 but also the anisotropic conductive material 16 is heated. This heat cures the regions of the anisotropic conductive material 16 which are not yet cured. That is to say, of the anisotropic conductive material 16, the region not contacting the semiconductor chip 20 or the region apart from the semiconductor chip 20, is cured in the reflow step of forming the solder balls 36.
In the thus obtained semiconductor device 1, since the whole of the anisotropic conductive material 16 is cured, the possibility of the anisotropic conductive material 16 around the semiconductor chip 20 coming apart from the substrate 12 and allowing the ingress of water, leading to migration of the interconnect pattern 10 is prevented. Since the whole of the anisotropic conductive material 16 is cured, the inclusion of water within the anisotropic conductive material 16 can also be prevented.
Further in the semiconductor device 1, since the electrodes 22 provided on the surface 24 of the semiconductor chip 20 are covered by the anisotropic conductive material 16 which includes a shading material, light can be prevented from reaching this surface 24. Therefore, malfunction of the semiconductor chip 20 can be prevented.
The step shown in
Alternatively, as shown in
According to these modifications also, all of the anisotropic conductive material 16 can be cured, and the possibility of the anisotropic conductive material 16 coming apart from the substrate 12 and allowing the ingress of water, leading to migration of the interconnect pattern 10 can be prevented. Since the whole of the anisotropic conductive material 16 is cured, the inclusion of water can also be prevented.
After the above described steps, the substrate 12 may be cut in the region in which the anisotropic conductive material 16 being an example of an adhesive spreads beyond the semiconductor chip 20.
This embodiment has been described with a substrate with interconnects on one surface only as the substrate 12, but is not limited to this, and a double-sided interconnect substrate or multi-layer interconnect may be used. In this case, in stead of disposing solder in the through holes, solder balls may be formed on lands provided on the surface opposite to that on which the semiconductor chip is mounted. In place of solder balls other conductive projections may be used. The connection between the semiconductor chip and the substrate may be carried out by wire bonding. These observations apply equally to the following embodiments.
In this embodiment, not only a thermosetting adhesive, but also an anisotropic conductive material 16 being an example of a thermoplastic adhesive may be used. A thermoplastic adhesive can be hardened by cooling. Alternatively, an adhesive which can be hardened by radiation such as ultraviolet light may be used. This applies equally to the following embodiments.
Second Embodiment
A method of manufacturing the semiconductor device in accordance with the second embodiment is shown in
More specifically, in this embodiment, following on from the step of
According to this embodiment, since the anisotropic conductive material 16 is cut, it does not require to be previously cut to the same size as the semiconductor chip 20 or slightly larger, and accurate positioning with respect to the semiconductor chip 20 is not required.
It should be noted that this embodiment is an example of the anisotropic conductive material 16 and substrate 12 being cut after the solder balls 36 are formed, but the timing of the cut is independent of the formation of the solder balls 36, as long as it is at least after the semiconductor chip 20 has been mounted on the anisotropic conductive material 16. However, the anisotropic conductive material 16 is preferably cured at least in the region of contact with the semiconductor chip 20. In this case, mispositioning of the semiconductor chip 20 and interconnect pattern 10 can be prevented. If the anisotropic conductive material 16 is cured rather than uncured in the location of the cut, the cutting operation will be easier.
It should be noted that when the substrate 12 is cut, the whole of the anisotropic conductive material 16 being an example of an adhesive may be cured in a single operation. For example, when the electrodes 22 of the semiconductor chip 20 and the interconnect pattern 10 are electrically connected, to the whole of the anisotropic conductive material 16 being an example of an adhesive heat may be applied or cooling applied. When a thermosetting adhesive is used, a jig may be used which contacts both of the semiconductor chip 20 and the adhesive spreading out beyond the semiconductor chip 20. Alternatively, heating may be applied by means of an oven.
Third Embodiment
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device in accordance with the third embodiment is shown in
The protective layer 50 is formed around a region 52 that is larger in extent than the region in which the semiconductor chip 20 is mounted on the substrate 12. That is to say, the region 52 is larger than the surface 24 of the semiconductor chip 20 having the electrodes 22, and within this region 52 the lands (not shown in the drawings) for connection to the electrodes 22 of the semiconductor chip 20 are formed on the interconnect pattern 10. Alternatively, the protective layer 50 may be formed to avoid at least portions for electrical connection to the electrode 20 of the semiconductor chip 20.
On such a substrate 12 an anisotropic conductive material 54 (adhesive) of a material which can be selected as the anisotropic conductive material 16 of the first embodiment is provided. It should be noted that the anisotropic conductive material 54 does not necessarily contain a shading material, but if it does contain a shading material then the same effect as in the first embodiment is obtained.
In this embodiment, the anisotropic conductive material 54 is provided from the region of mounting of the semiconductor chip 20 to the protective layer 50. That is to say, the anisotropic conductive material 54 covers the interconnect pattern 10 and substrate 12 in the region 52 in which the protective layer 50 is not formed, and is also formed to overlap the edge of the protective layer 50 surrounding the region 52. Alternatively, the anisotropic conductive material 54 being an example of an adhesive may be provided on the semiconductor chip 20 side. In more detail, the description in the first embodiment applies.
The semiconductor chip 20 is then pressed toward the substrate 12 and heat is applied by the jig 30, as shown in FIG. 4A. Alternatively, pressure is applied at least between the semiconductor chip 20 and the substrate 12. In this way, the electrodes 22 of the semiconductor chip 20 and the interconnect pattern 10 are electrically connected, as shown in FIG. 4B. Thereafter, in the same way as in the steps shown in
According to this embodiment, the anisotropic conductive material 54 is not only formed in the region 52 in which the protective layer 50 is not formed, but also formed to overlap the edge of the protective layer 50 surrounding the region 52. Consequently, there is no gap between the anisotropic conductive material 54 and the protective layer 50, and the interconnect pattern 10 is not exposed, so that migration can be prevented.
It should be noted that in this embodiment, it is preferable that the anisotropic conductive material 54 is cured also in the region spreading beyond the semiconductor chip 20. This curing step can be carried out in the same way as in the first embodiment.
Fourth Embodiment
A method of manufacturing a semiconductor device in accordance with a fourth embodiment of the present invention is shown in
As shown in
According to this embodiment, since at least part of the lateral surface 28 of the semiconductor chip 20 are covered by the anisotropic conductive material 56, the semiconductor chip 20 is protected from mechanical damage. Moreover, since the anisotropic conductive material 56 covers as far as a position removed from the electrodes 22, corrosion of the electrodes 22 and so on can be prevented.
Although the above embodiment has been described principally in terms of a chip size/scale package (CSP) of face-down bonding (FDB), the present invention can be applied to any semiconductor device to which FDB is applied, such as a semiconductor device to which Chip on Film (COF) or Chip on Board (COB) is applied, or the like.
A circuit board 1000 on which is mounted a semiconductor device 1100 fabricated by the method of the above described embodiment is shown in FIG. 6. An organic substrate such as a glass epoxy substrate or the like is generally used for the circuit board 1000. On the circuit board 1000, an interconnect pattern of for example copper is formed to provide a desired circuit. Then electrical connection is achieved by mechanical connection of the interconnect pattern and external electrodes of the semiconductor device 1100.
It should be noted that the semiconductor device 1100 has a mounting area which can be made as small as the area for mounting a bare chip, and therefore when this circuit board 1000 is used in an electronic instrument, the electronic instrument itself can be made more compact. Moreover, a larger mounting space can be obtained within the same area, and therefore higher functionality is possible.
Then as an example of an electronic instrument equipped with this circuit board 1000, a notebook personal computer 1200 is shown in FIG. 7.
It should be noted that, whether active components or passive components, the present invention can be applied to various surface-mounted electronic components. As electronic components, for example, may be cited resistors, capacitors, coils, oscillators, filters, temperature sensors, thermistors, varistors, variable resistors, and fuses.
| Number | Date | Country | Kind |
|---|---|---|---|
| 10-201246 | Jul 1998 | JP | national |
This is a Continuation of application Ser. No. 09/486,317 filed Feb. 25, 2000, now U.S. Pat. No. 6,462,248 which in turn is a 371 of PCT/JP99/03420. The entire disclosure of the prior application(s) is hereby incorporated by reference herein in its entirety.
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| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| 20020185747 A1 | Dec 2002 | US |
| Number | Date | Country | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Parent | 09486317 | US | |
| Child | 10190515 | US |
